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21St Century Edition of Fukuzawa Yukichi's Geography Textbook
Volume 18 | Issue 20 | Number 5 | Article ID 5500 | Oct 15, 2020 The Asia-Pacific Journal | Japan Focus Recycled Images: 21st Century Edition of Fukuzawa Yukichi’s Geography Textbook Elena Baibikov hierarchy-based discussions of race and civilization (Baxter 2007, Uchiyama 2009, Abstract: This essay takes a constructionist Takezawa 2015). However, these researchers approach to Representation Studies, examining pay little attention to how Japan’s past social Fukuzawa Yukichi’s elementary geography and geopolitical positions correspond to the textbook Sekai kunizukushi (1869) and its contemporary Japanese palette of varying hierarchical images of the West, juxtaposed ideological states-of-mind, in the 21st century. against representations of Japan as framed by concepts of race and civilization. Furthermore, One of the most influential Meiji textbooks was it compares these images to their “recycled” an elementary geography book Sekai versions as constructed in the vast extra-textual kunizukushi (世界国盡, All the Countries of apparatus of Fukuzawa Yukichi no Sekai the World), which was composed by Fukuzawa kunizukushi de sekai wo manabu(2017), a Yukichi and published in 1869, the second year recent translation of Fukuzawa’s textbook into of the Meiji period. In 2017, some 150 years modern Japanese. The move to reintroduce after Sekai kunizukushi's initial publication, a older textbooks is here examined as an “image- new edition was published under the title building” strategy, one that allows the (re-) Fukuzawa Yukichi no Sekai kunizukushi de construction of influential images in support of sekai wo manabu(『世界国尽 』で世界を学 an ideological agenda. ぶ, Learning about the World through Fukuzawa Yukichi’s Sekai kunizukushi). -
Masayoshi Amamiya: Should the Bank of Japan Issue a Digital Currency?
July 5, 2019 Bank of Japan Should the Bank of Japan Issue a Digital Currency? Speech at a Reuters Newsmaker Event in Tokyo Masayoshi Amamiya Deputy Governor of the Bank of Japan (English translation based on the Japanese original) I. Introduction It is a great honor and pleasure for me to be able to speak to you today. In recent years, the environment surrounding Japan's payment and settlement systems has gone through various changes. On the demand side, consumers seek more convenient payment services, such as those available during the nighttime and on holidays or low-cost international remittance services. Diversified lifestyles and the spread of e-commerce businesses have contributed to this. On the supply side, new devices -- such as smartphones and IC cards -- enabling the public to access payment services have continued to expand. In addition to traditional financial institutions, non-bank firms with strong capabilities in information technologies, or so-called FinTech firms, have started to provide cashless payments services. As central banks have a responsibility to improve the safety and efficiency of payment and settlement systems, their future landscape in the digital age is an extremely important topic for us. In fact, whether central banks should issue digital currencies as a payment instrument substituting for cash (banknotes and coins) has become an important issue. Digital currencies issued by central banks are called "central bank digital currencies" (CBDCs). The Bank for International Settlements (BIS) conducted an interesting survey on central bank initiatives for CBDC (Figure 1). Among the 63 respondent central banks, about 70 percent are engaged in CBDC work, most of which is in the form of research/study or experiments/proof-of-concept. -
Japan Mint World Money Fair 2020 Coin
EHRENGAST GUEST OF HONOR JAPAN MINT MESSEKATALOG FAIR CATALOG 1 ALLGEMEINE INFORMATIONEN FIRMENPRÄSENTATIONEN A–Z PROGRAMM | PROGRAM GENERAL INFORMATION COMPANIES A–Z Ausstellerliste | List of Exhibitors 132 Aichelin Group 85 DIENSTAG | TUESDAY (28.01.2020) 13.30 – 14.30 und Hallenplan | Exhibition Map 146 Allgemeine Gold- und 15.00 – 18.00 Vorbesichtigung | Viewing 15.30 – 16.30 Japanese Calligraphy Performance Impressum | Imprint 145 Silberscheideanstalt AG 74 15. Berlin Auktion Künker Japan Mint (Stand | booth D3 Media Forum 20 Austrian Mint (Münze Österreich AG) 30 (Saal | room Estrel B) 17.00 – 18.30 Empfang | Reception Partner 124 Bank of Greece 34 MITTWOCH | WEDNESDAY (29.01.2020) The Perth Mint ** Programm | Program 3 Berufsverband des Deutschen 10.00 – 18.00 Vorbesichtigung | Viewing 19.00 – 23.00 Gala Dinner ** Sitzungszimmer | Meeting Rooms 84 Münzenfachhandels e. V. 113 15. Berlin Auktion Künker World Money Fair und | and Japan Technical Forum 72 Blockchain Mint 98 (Saal | room Estrel B) Mint (Stand | booth D3) C.Hafner 106 ARTIKEL 18.30 – 21.00 Reception hosted by His Exellency SAMSTAG | SATURDAY (01.02.2020) CDN Publishing – Greysheet 96 Takeshi Yagi, Ambassador of ARTICLE China Gold Coin Incorporation 36 Japan** 10.00 – 12.00 MDC Internal Affairs CIT Coin Invest AG 100 (Raum | room Paris) * »Bronzen wie Tiere. Heide Dobberkau DONNERSTAG | THURSDAY (30.01.2020) und ihre Tierwelten« 108 Gibraltar National Mint 38 10.00 – 18.00 Messe | Trade Fair Heimerle + Meule Group 97 09.00 – 13.00 MDWG Plenary * “Bronzes like animals. Heide Dobberkau (room ECC 4, 2nd floor) 11.00 – 14.00 Weißwurstfrühstück – Bayern LB ** and her animal worlds” 110 Hungarian Mint 39 10.00 – 20.00 15. -
Level 2 Kanji List
Level 2 Kanji List S.No Kanji Readings Meanings Examples 246 相 SOU , SHOU each other , 首相 shu shou - prime minister そ う , し ょ う mutual , 相合傘 ai ai gasa - 2 people sharing an umbrella ai appearance , 相変わらず ai ka warazu - same as always; あ い aspect same ole same ole... minister of state 相撲 sumou - Sumo (has a special su sound 247 愛 love 愛している - I love you! 愛妻 ai sai - beloved wife ai 愛知県 ai chi ken - Aichi prefecture あ い 愛読 ai doku - a Book lover 248 合 GOU , KATSU to be together; 相合傘 ai ai gasa - 2 people sharing an umbrella ゴ ウ , カ ツ to fit 場合 ba ai - a case, situation au 具合 gu ai - condition (of various things) あ う 都合 tsu gou - circumstances, condition, convenience 249 商 SHOU to sell; trade 商港 shou kou - a trade port し ょ う 商業 shou gyou - commerce, business akinau あ き な う 250 浅 SEN shallow, 経験が浅い kei ken ga asai - have little experience せ ん superficial 浅緑 asa midori - light green, pale green asai あ さ い www.thejapanesepage.com 1 Level 2 Kanji List 251 預 YO to keep , 預け金 azuke kin - key money よ to take charge of 預言 yo gen - a prophecy azukaru , azukeru to deposit あ ず か る , あ ず け る 252 汗 KAN sweat , 汗 ase - sweat か ん perspiration 汗腺 kan sen - sweat gland ase あ せ 253 遊 YUU play; to be idle 遊園地 yuu en chi - an amusement park ゆ う 遊星 yuu sei - a planet asobu 遊牧民 yuu boku min - nomad あ そ ぶ 夢遊病 mu yuu byou - sleepwalking 254 値 CHI value, price 価値 ka chi - worth, value ち atai , ne あ た い , ね 255 与 YO to give , award , 与える ataeru - to give, to present よ cause , ataeru to assign (a task) あ た え る www.thejapanesepage.com 2 Level 2 Kanji List 256 温 ON warm , 気温 ki on - temperature お ん temperature 温泉 on sen - Onsen, hot spring atatakai 温度 on do - temperature (degree) あ た た か い 257 暖 DAN warm , 地球温暖化 chi kyuu on dan ka - global warming だ ん cordial 暖まる atatamaru - to warm up; warm oneself atatakai あ た た か い 258 頭 TOU , ZU head , top 石頭 ishi atama - hard headed person (stone head) と う , ず 赤頭巾 aka zu kin - Little Red Riding Hood atama (lit. -
THE UNIVERSITY of HULL New Lives in the Ancestral Homeland
THE UNIVERSITY OF HULL New Lives in the Ancestral Homeland: Return migration from South America to mainland Japan and Okinawa being a Thesis submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the University of Hull by Naoko Horikawa MSc January 2012 New Lives in the Ancestral Homeland: Return migration from South America to mainland Japan and Okinawa Naoko Horikawa MSc January 2012 Thesis Abstract This work presents a study of identity formation in migrants of Japanese and Okinawan descent who relocate from countries of South America to mainland Japan and to the island prefecture of Okinawa, initially to seek economic advantage. The migrants, called Nikkeijin, are predominantly progeny of earlier migrants from Japan to South America. In a cross-generational sense, they are return migrants. The ethnographic study, based on field research conducted in two sites on the mainland and in Okinawa, compares Nikkeijin experience and attitudes as they interact with native Japanese. Because of their Japanese background, Nikkeijin benefit from privileged visa status; nonetheless, in Japan they are treated as foreigners, and their identity diversifies. Nikkeijin are found to construct simultaneous social fields in both the country of departure and the new environment. This situation may be recognized through the concept of transnationalism. I argue that Nikkeijin self-identity can be multiple and flexible, and does not necessarily coincide with social identity. An increasing and officially promoted diasporic consciousness among migrants of Okinawan descent would seem to produce a different ethnic response to any on the mainland and a greater potential for integration. My thesis should contribute to the understanding of identity in Nikkeijin return migration. -
Money in Modern Japan
Money in Modern Japan Japan is one of the oldest states in the world: in over 2000 years the island nation has slowly and continuously developed culturally, socially, politically and economically into the country that it is today. It is characteristic that Japan never fell under the domination of a foreign power during this time – not until after World War II, however, when it was occupied by the Americans for some years (1945- 1952). That does not mean, of course, that no external influences were adopted. On the contrary: until the end of the Japanese Middle Ages (about 1200-1600), Japan was completely geared towards its great neighbor China. From there it adopted cultural, political and economic achievements, among them also money. Well into the 16th century, the Japanese cast coins following Chinese models. In addition, masses of cash coins (ch'ien) imported from China were in circulation. With the beginning of modern times around 1600, a radical turn around took place. Under the government of the Tokugawa shoguns (the Edo period, 1603-1867) the island nation cut itself off almost completely from the outside world. In this time an independent Japanese culture evolved – and a coinage system of its own, whose principal feature was the simultaneous circulation of a gold and a silver currency. 1 von 12 www.sunflower.ch Japanese Empire, Edo Period, Shogun Tokugawa Ietsugu (1712-1716), Kobankin 1714, Edo Denomination: Kobankin Mint Authority: Shogun Tokugawa Ietsugu Mint: Edo (Tokyo) Year of Issue: 1714 Weight (g): 17.8 Diameter (mm): 69.5 Material: Gold Owner: Deutsche Bundesbank Japan was united towards the end of the 16th century after long years of civil war. -
Japanese Grammar Guide
Japanese Grammar Guide Tae Kim November 21, 2012 Contents 1 Introduction 11 1.1 The problem with conventional textbooks ...................... 11 1.2 A Japanese guide to learning Japanese grammar .................. 12 1.3 Suggestions ....................................... 13 2 The Writing System 15 2.1 The Scripts ....................................... 15 2.2 Intonation ........................................ 16 2.3 Hiragana ........................................ 16 2.3.1 The Muddied Sounds ............................. 18 2.3.2 The Small 「や」、「ゆ」、and 「よ」 ................... 19 2.3.3 The Small 「つ」 ............................... 20 2.3.4 The Long Vowel Sound ............................ 20 2.4 Katakana ........................................ 21 2.4.1 The Long Vowel Sound ............................ 23 2.4.2 The Small 「ア、イ、ウ、エ、オ」 ..................... 24 2.4.3 Some examples of words in Katakana .................... 25 2.5 Kanji ........................................... 26 2.5.1 What is Kanji? ................................. 26 2.5.2 Learning Kanji ................................. 26 2.5.3 Reading Kanji ................................. 27 2.5.4 Why Kanji? ................................... 28 3 Basic Grammar 29 3.1 Basic Grammatical Structures ............................. 29 3.2 Expressing State-of-Being ............................... 29 3.2.1 Declaring something is so and so using 「だ」 ............... 29 3.2.2 Conjugating to the negative state-of-being .................. 31 3.2.3 Conjugating to the past state-of-being ................... -
Discussion Paper Series
DISCUSSION PAPER SERIES The Gold and Silver Wraps of the Edo Period -A Unique Form of Gold and Silver Coins- Kenjiro Yamaguchi Mari Ohnuki Discussion Paper 97-E-10 INSTITUTE FOR MONETARY AND ECONOMIC STUDIES BANK OF JAPAN C. P. O. BOX 203 TOKYO 100-91 JAPAN NOTE: IMES Discussion Paper Series is circulated in order to stimulate discussion and comments. Views expressed in Discussion Paper Series are those of authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the Bank of Japan or the Institute for Monetary and Economic Studies. IMES Discussion Paper 97-E-10 November 1997 The Gold and Silver Wraps of the Edo Period -A Unique Form of Gold and Silver Coins- Kenjiro Yamaguchi* Mari Ohnuki** Abstract In the Edo Period, a unique form of money known as “Tsutsumi-kin”(the gold wraps) and “Tsutsumi-gin”(the silver wraps), which were paper-packed gold and silver coins, were commonly used as settlement media for large transactions. They were packed in traditional Japanese paper and sealed with the preparer’s stamp. On the obverse, the name of the preparer, the amount included, and the date of wrapping were written with a brush to certify their value. Wraps circulated as money at face value and no one tried to break seals nor to check the amount included, relying on the high credibility of sealers such as the Gold Mint, the Silver Mint and prestigious money changers. Gold and silver wraps were first prepared by the Gold Mint and the Silver Mint by the order of the Tokugawa Shogunate government but prestigious ryogaesho(money changers) also started to prepare the wraps backed by their high credibility since the late 17th century with the growing demand for a large- denomination currency to settle many large transactions. -
Special Report on Japanese Yen
Special Report on Japanese Yen Tuesday | December 2, 2014 Special Report on Japanese Yen Anish Vyas Research Analyst Non-Agri Commodities and Currencies [email protected] (022) 3935 8104 Angel Commodities Broking Pvt. Ltd. Registered Office: G-1, Ackruti Trade Centre, Rd. No. 7, MIDC, Andheri (E), Mumbai - 400 093. Corporate Office: 6th Floor, Ackruti Star, MIDC, Andheri (E), Mumbai - 400 093. Tel: (022) 2921 2000 CX Member ID: 12685 / FMC Regn No: MCX / TCM / CORP / 0037 NCDEX : Member ID 00220 / FMC Regn No: NCDEX / TCM / CORP / 0302 Disclaimer: The information and opinions contained in the document have been compiled from sources believed to be reliable. The company does not warrant its accuracy, completeness and correctness. The document is not, and should not be construed as an offer to sell or solicitation to buy any commodities. This document may not be reproduced, distributed or published, in whole or in part, by any recipient hereof for any purpose without prior permission from “Angel Commodities Broking (P) Ltd”. Your feedback is appreciated on [email protected] 1 Page www.angelcommodities.com Special Report on Japanese Yen Tuesday | December 2, 2014 Introduction The Japanese Yen which is the official currency of Japan is the third most traded currency in foreign exchange market after United States dollar and Euro. It is used as most widely reserved currency after US Dollar, Euro and Sterling Pound. Symbol Code Yen is pronounced as “en” in Japanese, which means “round” in Japan similar to that as “yuan” in China and “won” in Korea. Initially, Chinese use to trade in mass silver coins and when Spanish and Mexican silver coins arrived the Chinese used to term as silver round known for their circular shapes. -
Jp Grammar Guide.Pdf
Tae Kim's Japanese guide to learning Japanese grammar file:///C:/Documents%20and%20Settings/Administrator/%E3%83%8... A Japanese guide to Japanese grammar Outline 1. The problem with conventional textbooks 2. A Japanese guide to Japanese grammar 3. What is not covered in this guide? 4. Suggestions 5. Requirements The problem with conventional textbooks The problem with conventional textbooks is that they often have the following goals. 1. They want readers to be able to use functional and polite Japanese as quickly as possible. 2. They don't want to scare readers away with terrifying Japanese script and Chinese characters. 3. They want to teach you how to say English phrases in Japanese. Traditionally with romance languages such as Spanish, these goals presented no problems or were nonexistent due to the similarities to English. However, because Japanese is different in just about every way down to the fundamental ways of thinking, these goals create many of the confusing textbooks you see on the market today. They are usually filled with complicated rules and countless number of grammar for specific English phrases. They also contain almost no kanji and so when you finally arrive in Japan, lo and behold, you discover you can't read menus, maps, or essentially anything at all because the book decided you weren't smart enough to memorize Chinese characters. The root of this problem lies in the fact that these textbooks try to teach you Japanese with English. They want to teach you on the first page how to say, "Hi, my name is Smith," but they don't tell you about all the arbitrary decisions that were made behind your back. -
An Educational Programs to Providing an Ability to Pay for Fares on Trains and Streetcars for a Child with Middle-Functioning Autism
愛媛大学教育学部紀要 第54巻 第１号 51～55 2007 An educational programs to providing an ability to pay for fares on trains and streetcars for a child with middle-functioning autism Graduate School of Education Yuki UTSUNOMIYA Yu-gun Elementary School Tomoko ISHIKAWA Center for Education and Educational Research Tadahiro KATO Center for Education and Educational Research Osamu TANABE （Received June 8, 2007） Introduction the kitchen, using public transportation or taxis, and Autistic disorder is a neurological and developmental helping out with household maintenance.（Carothers& disorder that usually appears during the first three years Taylor,2004） of life. A child with autism appears to live in his/her own Kazuo（a pseudonym）, at his age of 17 year old, was world, showing little interest in others, and a lack of social diagnosed for middle functioning autism with hyperactive awareness. The focus of an autistic child is a consistent behaviors.（Utsunomiya,et al., 2007） routine and includes an interest in repeating odd and The streetcar in Matsuyama has a fixed fare of 150 yen, peculiar behaviors.（APA,2000）Autistic children often regardless of distance traveled.（Iyo Railway Co .,Ltd Hp） have problems in communication, avoid eye contact, and On the other hand the suburban railway has a basic show limited attachment to others. charge of 200 yen with an additional 50 yen payable for Keeping these peculiarities of autistic child in mind, it is every two stops traveled, with a maximum fare of 500 yen. clear that the objectives of daily living skills instruction for （Iyo Railway Co .,Ltd Hp） a child with autism will change as the child's skill level In the near future Kazuo will have to use the streetcar and changes, as the child grows older, and as the child is train to travel to his day-care center. -
A Forest for a Thousand Years: Cultivating Life and Disciplining Death at Daihonzan Sōjiji, a Japanese Sōtō Zen Temple
A Forest for a Thousand Years: Cultivating Life and Disciplining Death at Daihonzan Sōjiji, a Japanese Sōtō Zen Temple by Joshua Aaron Irizarry A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Anthropology) in The University of Michigan 2011 Doctoral Committee: Professor Jennifer E. Robertson, Chair Professor Gillian Feeley-Harnik Professor Erik A. Mueggler Assistant Professor Micah L. Auerback © Joshua Aaron Irizarry 2011 For Ita Tota pulchra es, amica mea, et macula non est in te. ii Acknowledgements No work of ethnography can be accomplished without the help of a great many people who were generous of their time, patience, and trust. However, the need to protect the identities and privacy of my informants must trump all feelings of gratitude and indebtedness that I might feel. As is convention in ethnography, all individuals named in this work are pseudonyms; and all individually identifying information has been altered. Since I cannot thank individuals by name, I can only express a deep and lasting appreciation for the generosity and patience of both the clerical and lay communities of Daihonzan Sōjiji. In particular, my thanks go to the members of Sōjiji’s Baikakō and Nichiyō Sanzenkai who welcomed me into their number with friendship and a willingness to tolerate my never-ending series of questions. I am indebted to the entire clerical community at Sōjiji for their understanding, patience and willingness to help me see and understand the inner workings of a large Sōtō Zen monastery. I am especially grateful to those priests and unsui who candidly shared with me their experiences and memories of Sōjiji.