1994 African-American Awareness Program "A Tribute to Youth"
Ford-Warren Branch Library February 19, 1994 l' ,,JHMk iwnKS -r-iill p^ • ^J •W -3«"^,g mm ^L '"%*V 4 ^^*i. wv
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Carter G. Woodson Born: December 19. 1875. New Canton. Virginia. Died: April 3. 1950. Washington. D.C.
Copyright 1994 Gene H. Grier (Only "Blacks in Colorado" Hall of Fame; Ford-Warren Branch Library 1994 Black History Quiz and Ford-Warren Branch Library "Blacks in Colorado" Quiz)
NEGRO HISTORY BULLETIN Apni- May June. 1902
KEY QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Booker T. Washington and Mary McLeodBethune, early pioneer leaders of world stature, are part of America's great legacy.
Why do we celebrate Afro-American (Black) History Month? Why was the name changed to Afro-American (Black) The true facts of the contributions of Afro-Americans to History? the discovery, pioneering, development and continu Bowing to pressure in 1972 from young delegates to the ance of America have not properly and adequately Cincinnati, Ohio Convention, the Association for the been presented in the textbooks, media and other Study of Negro Life and History, Inc. changed its name communication devices in this country. Indeed, for the to the Association forthe Study of Afro-American Life most part, Blacks have been left out of the written and History, Inc. This name change focused on the new record about America. The fact that some changes thinking by Black Americans and indicated the redis have been made in recent years points to the urgent covery of our African ancestry. It fostered a sense of need for a fuller report about the Afro-American contri pride of the Black person in him /herself, as well as his/ butions. The designation of the month of February as ^er contributions to American cultural lire. Black History Month is an attempt by the ASALH to remedy this neglect and to provide for all Americans the information needed for an appreciation and under standing about the role which the Afro-Americans have played in the American history and life. Why has the week observance been changed to include the entire month of February each year? During America's Bicentennial celebration in 1976, the Who started the Afro-American history celebration? Association shared nationally, regionally and locally in In 1926, Dr. Carter G. Woodson, a Harvard Ph.D., who the celebration of America's history. The Association had 11 years earlier founded the Association for the expanded the week's celebration to include the entire Study of Negro Life and History, Inc., initiated Negro month to provide more time for programs, observances History Week. One will recall that in those early days and celebrations. The month-long celebration became the words "Afro" and "Black" were seldom used. It was popular, and ASALH was besieged with requests from Dr. Woodson's hope that, through this special obser all over the country to continue the extended observ vance, all Americans would be reminded of their ethnic ance in order to provide more time for Afro-American roots and that a sense of America's racial groups would Black History programs. develop out of a mutual respect for diverse back grounds.
Why was a period in February chosen as the time for the Afro-American (Black) History Observance? Dr. Woodson, the father of Black History in America, What does the future portend? was keenly conscious of symbolism in the American The Association for the Study of Afro-American Life and psyche. He wisely chose for the Negro History Week, History, Inc., dreams of the day when the sharing and contri now, Afro-American (Black) History Month, the month buting of alf Americans will be so appreciated, accepted and of February •- which Frederick Douglass and Abraham understood that there will be no longer a need for any ethnic Lincoln were born. Fron- its inception, Afro-American group to call attention to its contributions. That day has not History Month observa:,„e has been a process which arrived, and until it does we shall continue to provide the involved not only Black Americans but many ethnic information needed about the Afro-Americans in the United groups. States and abroad. PROGRAM
FORD- WARREN BRANCH LIBRARY PRESENTS "A TRIBUTE TO YOUTH"
1994 African-American Awareness Month Program Saturday, February 19 1:30 p.m.
Master of Ceremonies Dr. Chris Veasey Director of Finance Denver Public Library
Invocation Reverend Canon H. Gregory Smith Holy Redeemer Church
Welcome Dr. RickAshton City Librarian Denver Public Library
Music Selection Voices of Faith Ministry Choir Evangelist Yvonne McCoy Director and Founder
Juanita Gray Community Service Award Presentation Terry Nelson Volunteer Services Manager Denver Public Library
Music Selection "Lift Every Voice" Claudette Sweet
Music Selection Katrina Roberson
Presentation and Introduction of 1994 inductees into Ford-Warren Branch Library "Blacks in Colorado Hall of Fame"
Inductees: Cleo Parker Robinson; Founder and Director, Cleo Parker Robinson Dance Ensemble Terry Nelson
Hon. Gregory Kellam Scott; Justice, Supreme Court of Colorado Presenters: John Mosley, Lt. Col. (Retired) United States Air Force and Edna Mosley, City Councilwoman Aurora, Colorado Music Selection Voices of Faith Ministry Choir Evangelist Yvonne McCoy
Closing Remarks Ms. H. Sondra Harris Branch Manager Montbello Cluster Denver Public Library THE DENVER PUBLIC LIBRARY Reception Immediately Following Program
Refreshments provided courtesy of the Denver Water Department Black Employees Help Organization (BEHO); Barbara Dozier, President; National Council of Negro Women (NCNW) (Denver Chapter), Claudette Sweet, President; and Trimble & Nulan, P.C., Attorneys at Law. J oe/ IJOLCLCJC/ O ctid/
KJKK/ CEcRce^envenl/ of/ tile/ JIA&VQS tk/vatwiXw &*£/ LOAA/V VUJCL WOAAXV Yvunv aA> w faetaAs uv vanity fuuruuv p/Laa/i4&£/ and
pAxA&uleA' uv U^/ fUi/Lttu/ t/ve/ fLaain*/iAaa Otv JV«A> nafciAe/ cxiiini/uu HUIA UAA> oL WQXi/ hw vifvixJv A&cence/ aruL avctiaii^ SVOAAJ /i*nuiA*/ \h*/ un^e/i&et JiLu&t vJ*/ Eci/ tKtA/ aenoxatca/v continue/ 'vanaAxutts oL tne&e/ eianii-ent LocJLJ? KMA&W S. U/aacLtan* Jatne/iu a|> JbtacJL JLi&ta/iU' "fiLuuv Sftaoa^ui/ (2/85) I© 0^iW/^ '\\ ^Vvhat shall D tell mu childxen who axe black of what it meant to be a captive in thit daxk skin? O/mat shallO tell mu deax ones, rtu.it ofmg womb, of now beautiful theu axe when euexuwnexe theu twin theu axe faced with the abhoxxence of e&exuthing mat it black. LJhe night it black ana to it ike bogeyman, ^VilLaint axe black with, black heaxtt. <^rf black cow gives no milk. c^T black hen taut no eqqt. /*V>/T newt, corner boxdexed in black, mouxning clothes black, <£toxm clouds black, black it evil, and VJ& it frtack and. deuuCs food it fxiaok. . . . ^Wkat tfzaflU tell mu deax ones xaited in a white woxld. c^rf bLace where white has been made to xehxesent c^rf-ll that is good and Luxe and fine and decent, whexe, clouds axe. white, and cotton candu and ice cxeam, and milk and xuffled ^What can O tag thexefoxe., when mu chad comes home in teaxt because a hlaumate has called him black, big-lihhed, flat-nosed and n<*kt*g headed? ^What will he think when D dxu hit teaxt and whishex, ^jjet, that t txue. IBut no Lest beautiful and deax. as a whole human being unwaxhed and human in a woxld or biated Lawt and inhuman hxactices, that hs might tuxvivs. c^rf-nd tuxvive he, mutt! \jox who knows; i/^exhaht this black child hcxe beaxt the qenius to discover the cure fox. . . aanaex ox to chart the. aouxse fox exhl oration of the universe. *~*of he. must suxvive fox ths good of all humanitg. cHe must and will turvive. U have dxunk deehlg of Late fxom ths fountain of mu black cultuxe, tat at the. knse and Leaxned fxom <&\l\othex cz^ffxica, ditcovexed the truth of mu heritage, the txuih, to often obtcuxed and omitted, czfynd D find D have much to tag to mg black chddxen. U will lift ufi theix heads in hxoud blackness with the ttoxg of theix jathext and theix father t ^jatnext. c^fnd U shall take them into a wag back time of -f\ing and Queens who ruled the. <^Vile, and measuxed ths start and ditcovexed ths lawt of mathsmaiict. HXhon whose backs have been built ths wealth of two continents. D will tell him this and moxs. czrf-nd hit heritage shall be hit weahon and hit armor; will make him strong enough to win and battle hs mag face. . . . Dn gears to corns, U believe because i have armed them with the truth, mg childxen and theix children t children will venexate me. \jox it it the txuih that will make ut free. - TRIBUTE flejresentatiw WOmfl J. Webb has requested the fallowing Tribute: WHEREAS, The month of Fetruary has oevn designated and celebrated since 1926 as African- American History Month; and WHEREAS, Ford-Warren Library has recognized and honored forty-seven Block Coloradoans who have made major contributions and/or achievements to the Black Community, the state of Colorado and the nation by inducting these Coloradoans into the "Blocks In Colorado" Nail of Fame; and WHEREAS. Walker Anderson. James A. Atkins. Ulysses H. Biker, Jim Beckwoirth, Jerome C. Biffle, Jack Bradey, "Am? Clara Brown, George L Brown, Jr., Byvn Caldwell, Elvin R. Caldwell, Thomas Campbell, Charles L&burn Cousins. Alta Cousins, Lula Craig, Gilbert Outer, Elva Jones Dulan, James C. Hantaan, Barney Ford, Justina L. Ford, Eugene Gash, James C. CasWra, Bernard F. Gtpson, &.. Clarence F. Holmes. Oliver T. Jackson. Ledyord C. Jones, Ogiesvie L Lawson. Earl Mann, Thomas E. McClain, Irene McWUXiams, George Morrison, Sr., John W. Mosley, Rachel B. Noel, Sabastlan Cabot Owens, Harry E. Rahming, Pauline Robinson, Edward J. Sanderlln. Paul WQbert Stewart, William L. Turner, Peggy Underwood, Joseph H.P. Westbrooke. Cecilia Kay White, Murphy C. Williams, Wendell Theodore Ligglns. "Daddy Bruce Randolph, James David Ward. Wilma J. Webb, Juanita Ross Gray, Wellington E. Webb, have been inducted into the "Blacks in Colorado" Hall of Fame. NOW, THEREFORE, BE TT RESOLVED, the Members of the House of Representatives of the fifty-seventh General assemUy of the State of Colorado extend sincere congratulations and pay tribute and gfve their thania to Ford-Warren Library and "Blacks in Colorado" Hall of Fame inductees, for their services to the state of Colorado. tUty j&ous* of £R*pr*s*tii&ttbes directs ttjat ihte (tribute br presented On •*]" Twenty-fourth Ban gf February 19 89 SHAKE! OF THE HOUSE CHIEF CLEJUt OF THE HOD FT ABttWlitT Introduced by: Resolution Wo. iL h< r Series of 1991 CgUn?ilBftB r Havnes 4 TBS ENTIRE COUNCIL A REBOLPTIOM RECOONIIIWO XHD FAYXMG TRIBUTE TO THE C0WTRI8UTI0W8 MADE BT AFRICAW-AMERXCAMS AID EMCOURAGIWO AXX PEOPLE TO JOIH IB CIVIC OBBERVABCEB OF AFRICA*-AMERICAS BISTORT MOMTB. the month of February is annually recognized by various states and cities and celebrated by many organizations as African- 1ft Aserican History Month; 11 WHEREAS, African-Americans have made and continue to maJce 11 tremendous contributions in all areas of our society, including li education, science, medicine, and business in Denver, Colorado and throughout the United States; u 11 WHEREAS, Individuals like Clara Brovn, Dr. Justina Ford, and Bill U PicXett helped settle Denver and the West, and African-Amerleans 12 continue to play important roles in the development of our City; It and 12 WHEREAS, African-American History Month increases public awareness 1ft of those contributions and the ongoing struggle for equality; 21 MOW THEREFORE, 11 BE IT RESOLVED ST THE COtmCIL OF THE CITT AMD COUBTT OF DEMVER: 21 SBCTIOM 1. That the Council invites all of Denver's 21 communities to join in civic observances of African-American 21 History Month, which pay tribute to the vital role, past and 21 present, of the African-American community in all avenues of 1Z endeavor. 21 8ECTI0M 2. That the Council urges the citizens of Denver to 21 help foster cooperation between all segments of our multi-ethnic 1ft communities and move forward to our goal of racial harmony, social U justice, and prosperity. U PASSED BY THE COUNCIL. Cyy^^^ */ 1990 u - PRESIDENT 11 APPROVED: "MAYOR V -S^J-& 1990 u ATTEST: \^j »- /sT"%s^»-^ -CLERK AND RECORDER u \ EX-OFFICTO CLERK OF THE II CITY AND COUNTY OF DENVER FORD-WARREN LIBRARY "BLACKS IN COLORADO" HALL OF FAME THE FORD-WARREN LIBRARYS BLACKS IN COLORADO HALL OF FAME IS IN HONOR AND RECOGNITION OF BLACK COLORADANS WHO HAVE MADE MAJOR CONTRIBUTIONS AND/OR ACHIEVEMENTS TO (1) THE BLACK COMMUNITY (2) THE CITY OF DENVER OR OTHER CITIES IN COLORADO (3) THE STATE OF COLORADO (4) THE NATION. THE ORIGINAL SERIES CONTAINED FORTY-ONE PHOTOGRAPHS AND WAS CREATED IN 1973 AS A PART OF A COOPERATIVE VENTURE FOR BLACK AWARENESS MONTH, BETWEEN THE DENVER PUBLIC LIBRARY AND THE DENVER PUBLIC SCHOOLS. ONE OF THE TWO 1973 SETS IS AT THE FORD-WARREN LIBRARY. FORD-WARREN TAKES PART OF ITS NAME FROM THE LATE DOCTOR JUSTINA FORD, THE FIRST BLACK WOMAN DOCTOR IN COLORADO. DR. FORD IS ALSO INCLUDED IN THE ORIGINAL 1973 BLACKS IN COLORADO" HALL OF FAME SERIES. IN 1985, AS PART OF THE FORD-WARRENS TENTH ANNIVERSARY CELEBRATION, AN ADDITIONAL FOUR BLACK COLORADANS WERE "INDUCTED IN TO THIS HALL OF FAME. SINCE THEN EVERY OTHER YEAR AT LEAST ONE IS ENTERED INTO THE HALL OF FAME SERIES. 1973 "BLACKS IN COLORADO" HALL OF FAME ANDERSON, WALKER 1855 - 1904 Construction Man Came to Denver in 1880 to learn the brick laying trade, helped construct the old Denver Court House, Sate Capitol, Daniels and Fisher Building, Mining Exchange, Antler Hotel in Colorado Springs and the Opera House at Central City; a pioneer miner who owned claims at Silver Hume and mined at Black Hawk and Central Oty. ATKINS, JAMES A. 1890 - 1968 Teacher Came to Denver in 1927; teacher at Tennessee A & I College Assisted Dr. Ambrose Oaves in Federal Emergency Relief activities for Negroes during the depression; National Conference in formulating the Charter of Negro Education which recommended the abolishment twenty years before the 1954 decision; was author of two books: Human Relations in Colorado and The Age of Jim Crow; author of numerous papers and articles for the Denver Poet; journalist for two magazines. BAKER, ULTSSES H 1869 - 1933 Detective Became a policeman in 1898, first motorcycle patrolman in the city and county of Denver; created the first auto-theft department in the west Was promoted to the rank of Oty Detective; held this position until retirement in 1931. Was Mason, Churchman and philanthropist BECKWOURTH, JIM 1798 ca -1866 Scout and Trapper Named Chief of the Crow Indians. Beckwowth's Pass and Beckwourth's Valley in the High Sierras of Nevada art named in Ms honor. BIFFLE, JEROME C Athlete and High School Counselor Native Denverite, named outstanding broad jumper in the United States, 1950; All American AA. U. track team, 1952; first Colorado to win an Olympic Gold Medal, Helsinki, Finland, 1952; first Black inducted into Colorado Hall of fame, 1968; teacher, counselor and track coach, East High School, Denver. BRADLET, J A CK Musician Native Denverite; charter member of Denver Civic Symphony, 1935; first Black member of Denver Symphony 1940-41 and 1946-49; first Black person serving as regular member of an United States symphony orchestra; presently guest symphony conductor and head of the Music Department, Texas Southern University. Music teacher, lecturer, civic leader, churchman. 1973 "BLACKS IN COLORADO" HALL OF FAME BROWN, "AUNT CLARA 1800-1882 Former Slave Settled in Denver orAuraria Cherry Creek in 1859, set up the first laundry in the "new country" at Central Oty, Colorado; amassed a fortune, brought mining claims and used her money to help bring other ex-slaves to the west Used her home as a hospital, hotel or refuge as needed Central Gty honored her memory by dedicating a chair in its famous opera house. BROWN, GEORGE L,JR Lieutenant-Governor of Colorado World War II pilot; staff writer and night city editor, Denver Poet, 1950-1964, Bret Black Senator in the Colorado Legislature; 1956-1974; Director of Denver Urban Coalition, 1969-1974; represented the United States Department of State as guest lecturer on communication forfive European and fourteen African nations in 1962; Assistant Director of the Denver Housing Authority, 1965; one of the first ISng Fellows in Journalism at University of Colorado, 1959. Recipient of many local and national awards in Journalism and Human Relations. Inaugurated lieutenant-Governor of Colorado January 13, 1975. CALDWELL, BTRQN Civic Worker Native Denverite; supervisor of Job Corps, Pleasanton, California, 1965; Director of the Peace Corps, Nigeria, Africa, 1966-1972; Director of the International Division of One World, 1972; presently national director of the Urban Farm and Garden Program. CALDWELL, ELVW R Denver Oty Councilman Native Denverite; Served three terms in the Colorado Legislature, 1950-1955; first Black person elected to the Denver Gty Council, 1955; served three of five Gty Council terms as president Founder of Equity Savings and Loan Association, the only all-Black financial institution in Colorado; co-founder, with Rev. M.C Williams, of International Opportunity life Insurance Company. Assisted in planning and completion of the new Five Points Community Center, recipient of numerous awards and citations for services to humanity. CAMPBELL, THOMAS, LLD. 1869 - 1957 Attorney Graduatedfrom Howard University School of Law, Washington, DC, in 1893, First Sack man to practice law in the Indian Territory, Oklahoma, 1893. Sewed as major in the Spanish American War, personally recruiting and organising a company in the 7th Army, led this company in Cuba and the Philippine Islands, Came to Denver in 1904, founder and editor of a Negro Journal, The Denver Independent; alternate-at-large to the national republican Convention at Chicago, 1908, served as president of the National Bar Association, admitted to the Colorado Bar, 1921, organized the first Colored (Mien's Association, 1919, which became the Denver Urban League in 1946. 1973 "BUCKS IN COLORADO" HALL OF FAME COUSINS, CHARLES ULBURN 1881 - 1962 Porter Served as pullman porter on Western railroads for 35 years, realtor, builder and counselor to many young Black businessmen, philanthropist COUSINS, ALTA 1884 - 1971 Community Activist A woman respected by all who knew her. She and her husband (Charles L) were married for sixty years. CRAIG, LULA (MRS) 1867 - 1971 Teacher L*wv to Colorado Jrmi fiansaj: in a msmd u>agoni &&& teacher in Southern Colorado, writer CRUTER, GILBERT School Administrator First male Rack teacher in Denver Public Schools; US Department of State, Goodwill Ambassador to West Africa, 1955; US Cultural Affairs Officer to Eastern Nigeria, 1961-1963; Congressional Liaison Officer for the Agency of International Development; Executive Director, School (immunity Relation, Denver Public Schools. DULAN, ELVA JONES RN., Counselor for Black Students Loretta Heights allege One of the first 18 Rack nurses serving in Baltimore Gty Hospitals; one of the first 24 Black nurses to enter the Army Nurses Corps, 1972; transferred to F&csimmons General Hospital, 1942. First Black employed by Denver Visiting Nurses Association; Appointed instructor, University of Denver, 1959; first Black nurse on staff Tri-County Health Department, 1959-1963; Assistant Director of Public Health Nursing. University of Colorado; Board of Nursing in 1971, Secretary Treasurer of the Colorado Slate Board of Nursing. FLANIGAN, JAMES C HONORABLE Colorado's First Rack Judge Appointed as Denver Deputy District Attorney, 1949, Municipal Court Judge, 1957, District Court Judge, 1965; Faculty member of the National College of State Judiciary, 1974, Presiding Judge, Criminal Division, District Court, 1975 Active in YM.CA and Boy's Qubs. 1973 "BLACKS IN COLORADO" HALL OF FAME FORD, BARNEY 1822 - 1902 Businessman Came to Denver in 1860. Gold miner in Breckenridge, Colorado, owner of the former Inter-Ocean Hotel at 16th and Blake Street; a civil rights leader of the 19th century; established Denver's first adult education classes. FORD, JUSTINA L MD Pftysican Came to Denver in 1902, medical practice was wide spread among Spanish, foreign-born and Black people; spoke eleven languages; was the attenaing physician at the delivery of more than 7,000 babies, brought free medical service to migrant camps near Denver, staff member of Denver General Hospital, member of Colorado Medical Society and the American Medical Society. In the summer of 1975, the Denver Public Library honored the memory of Dr. Ford by dedicating the Ford-Warren Library in east Denver. GASH, EUGENE Concert Pianist First native - born Black Colorado to perform at Carnegie Hall; Fulbright Scholar, Carnegie Scholar; former member of the San Francisco Symphony Orchestra; Professor of Music; University of California at Berkeley; lecturer, teacher, and international pianist GASUNS, JAMES C Director Veterans Administration Hospital, Denver Former assistant manager, Veterans Administration Hospital, Tuskegee, Alabama, Special Assistant to the manager, Veterans Administration Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Assistant manager, Veterans Administration Hospital, Newington, Connecticut Assistant director since 1971. Director of Veterans Administration Hospital, Denver, native of Cheyenne, Wyoming. GIPSQN, BERNARD F MD. Surgeon Studied at Howard University; First Chief of Surgery, Lowry Air Forte Base, 1954-1956; First Black doctor in the west to become a member of the American College of Surgeons; presently a diplomat of the American Board of Surgery, has been on staff at Mercy Hospital sixteen years, where he has served as chairman of the Department of Surgery; is on the Board of Directors of the Colorado Division of the American Cancer Society; a deacon at New Hope Baptist Church; chairman of the Emancipation Proclamation Scholarship Fund, a member of the Board of Mountain States Video Cable TV. Company in Denver. He was appointed Clinical Associate Professor ofSurgery, University of Colorado in 1975 1973 "BLACKS IN COLORADO" HALL OF FAME HOLMES, CLARENCE F, D.DS Dentist Native Denverite; co founder of the Colorado NAA.C.P in 1914; founder of the Interracial Cosmopolitan dub for Human Relations, Denver. Served as Denver's first Commission on Community Relations, with its founder, Major Qtdgg Newton; recipient of many awards for meritorious service to mankind, including the National Conference of Christian and Jews Award and the Omega Psi Phi National Man of the Tear award at Phoenix, Arizona, both in 1974. JACKSON, OLIVER T 1862 - 1946 Pioneer iMptnxi fy &whm- T. Wathirtgetm'x Up Frvwn Shsvmry, Jtwfatm ertabHrhed the community of Dearfidd, in Weld County, Colorado. It was his hope that this would be a place in which Black people could become capable farmers — Independent and self-supporting. JONES, LEDTARD C Bookkeeper and Auditor Native Coloradan, first Black to be appointed to the United States Treasury Department in Colorado, 1934; retired in 1961; received the Albert Gallatin Award from the U.S. Treasury upon retirement. Served a four year term as Commissioner of the Housing Authority of Denver County; Thirty-third degree Mason; Most worshipful Master, Rocky Mountain Lodge No. 1, Past Potentate, Shiners, LAWSQN, OGLESVIE L (SONNY) 1893 - 1969 Pharmacist Co-owner of Radio Drug Store for fifty years; political leader and counselor, thirty-third degree Mason; an original member of the Denver Career Service, 1955; first Black to serve on Denver Public library Commission, 1948-1959. Lawson Park at E 23rd and Welton Streets was named in his honor in 1972. MANN, EARL 1886 - 1969 Legislator Came to Rtzsimmons General Hospital as a wounded officer; elected for five terms to Colorado House of representatives (1944-1953). Actively participated in the passage of the Fair Employment Practices Act and the defeat of a billforbidding Japanese people to own land in Colorado. Editorial writer for the Colorado Statesman and the Denver Post MCCLAIN, THOMAS E, DDS 1876 - 1949 Dentist First Black dentist in Colorado; began practicing in Denver in 1909, one of the founders of the Glenarm T.M CA. 1973 "BUCKS IN COLORADO" HALL OF FAME MCWILUAMS, IRENE Musician, Teacher and Churchwoman W.PA. music teacher, 1933-1939; director of Denver USO. WW II; taught at Uttlejohn School of Music (A federal project to rthabiRtate wounded soldiers through music); conducted choirs for Denver Post summer operas at Cheesman Par and International Folk Festivals; church choir director and civil worker. • MORRISON, GEORGE SR 1891-1974 Musician Violinist, orchestra leader, music teacher, churchman and philanthropist; sewed on Mayor's Committee on Music, 1947- 1960; furnished music on the famous Denver Poet special train to Cheyenne; Wyoming Frontier Days Rodeo; received the 50 year pin from Mile-Hi Chapter qf American Red Cross, 1969; composer and arranger qfjaz& spirituals and classics; thirty-second degree Mason, MOSLEY, JOHN W. LT COL Administrator Native Denverite, World War 11 foyer, Air Scientist; one of the draftsmen of the integration orders of the Air Force for President Harry S. Truman; Special Assistant to James Farer, Assistant Secretary of Administration, Department of Health, Education and Wdfare, 8th Region, Social Worker, Teacher, Lecturer and (Svic Leader. NOEL, RACHEL B Assistant Professor of Sociology, Metropolitan State College Member of the National Board of Directors, Girls Scouts of America, National Teachers Examination Boars; Vice- President, Denver Area Council of Churches, member of Board of Directors, LARASA, T.M.CA. Board, Denver Art Museum Board, International House Board Author of the Noel Resolution, which started the present integration of schools, while a member of the Denver Board of Education 1965 - 1971, Senior consultant for the Denver Commission on Community Relations; Chairman of the Department qf Afro-American Studies at Metropolitan State College, OWENS, SABASTIAN CABOT Director, Colorado Urban League Minority groups field representative, 1948 - 1975, executive Director, Urban League qf Colorado, 1952. Guest Lecturer at University qf Denver and University qf Colorado; teacher and churchman. RAHMING, HARRY E Episcopal Priest/Theologian Great-great grandson of Squanto, Son of Massasoit, the 17th Century American Indian, Rector qf Holy Redeemer Episcopal Church, Denver; 1920 - 1966; received the first Master of Theology Degree from Eiff School qf Theology, 1922; examining Chaplain of Episcopal Priest in the Colorado Diocese, 1922 - 1953; retired after 46 consecutive years in one parish Third senior Black Priest in American and second senior Priest in Colorado, Since 1970, priest associate at Saint Mary's Episcopal Church, Denver. 1973 "BLACKS IN COLORADO" HALL OF FAME ROBINSON, PAULINE librarian NAA.C P. freedom activist in her college years; responsible for the integration qf Lakeside amusement Park, Coordinator qf Children's Services, Denver Public LJrrury, 1964 recipient of the Nell I Scott Memorial Award for Outstanding Service; college instructor, guest lecturer. Listed in Who fs Who in American Women, Who rs Who in the West, and Who s who in Library Services. SANDERUN, EDWARD J. 1824 - 1891 Budnessman Arrived in Colorado during the Pike Peak Gold Rush qf 1859. After striking it rich in the mines, he expanded Ms fortune with skillfid property and ranching investments. Mr, SanaerUn was a close Jriend as well as a business associate qf Barney FtmL STEWART, PAUL WILBERT Museum Curator Denver resident, one qf the few Black museum curators in the nation. Paul was one qf the first to present an exhibit, depicting the contributions of Black pioneers in the early settlement of the stat qf Colorado. He is curator Director for the Black Arnerican West Foundation Museum. Paul has lectured in many universities, colleges and schools in Colorado and received many inquiries about early Black settlers from all over the nation. TURNER, WILLIAM L 1894 - 1971 Realtor Nineteenth century Civil Service employee, Washington, DC, first realtor to break the color barrier in Denver housing; NAA. CP. leader in Colorado; major contributor to Negro colleges. UNDERWOOD, PEGGY Secretary Personal and confidential secretary to four Colorado governors: Edwing G. Johnson, 1955-1957; Stephen LH. McMchols, 1957-1962; John Love, 1963-1973, and John H. Vanderhoof 1973-1975. WESTBROOKE, JOSEPH H. P. M.D Pfysician Came to Denver in 1907 to practice medicine; infiltrated the Klu Klux Man as a member in order to apprise Sacks qf the Hans plans; active civic leader; responsible for naming Dearfield, Colorado. 1985 "BIACKS IN COLORADO" HALL OF FAME WEBB, WILMA J. Colorado State Representative Colorado State Representative since 1980, First minority woman member of the States powerful Joint Budget Committee. She has ensured that vital programs in the areas qf Health, Mental Heath, Social Services and Education receive adequate funding. Representative Webb is the prime sponsor, responsible for the enactment qflaw to commemorate the birthday qfthe late great humanitarian, Dr. Martin lather King, Jr. 1988 "BLACKS IN COLORADO" HALL OF FAME GRATJUANITA ROSS 1916 - 1987 Civic Leader Former Denver Public library employee from 1971-1977. She established a comprehensive outreach program promoting the library. Her community and civic involvement in Denver, spans nearly forty years from 1945-1984; she was the recipient qf numerous awards and honors, including the Nell L Scott Memorial Award Governor's appointments included Colorado State Junior College Committee, Colorado Centennial K~Centennial Commission and the Nation Endowment for the Humanities State Review Board; served on Denver Area Committee on Alcoholism, the Denver ternmission Community Relations and the National Committee on School Drop-Outs. WEBB, WELLINGTON EDWARD 1st Black Denver Gty Auditor Former Executive Director qfthe Colorado Department of Regulatory Agencies (1981-1987). From 1977-1981, Regional Director qfthe U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. From 1972-1977, State Representative of District #8; on the Denver Public library Commission for four years, 1983-1987 serving as its president for two of those years. 1990 "BIACKS IN COLORADO19 HALL OF FAME DENNIS, EVIE G Superintendent qf Denver Public Schools As qf September 1990, Dr. Dennis will be the first woman and the first minority to hold the superintendent post in Denver Public Schools. Presently she serves as the districts deputy superintendent Dr. Dennis has also distinguished herself by becoming the first woman elected Vice President qfthe United States Olympic Committee. She has been a trailbla&r throughout her career both as a volunteer as well as in her employment JONES, RAYMOND DEAN HONORABLE Colorado Appellate Judge The honorable Raymond Dean Jones was born and raised in Pueblo, Colorado. He attended Harvard Law School After a distinguished career as a trial attorney, County Judge, and District Judge, he became Colorado's first Black Appdlate Judge in January 1988. 1973 "BLACKS IN COLORADO'' HALL OF FAME WHITE, CECILIA KAY Musician Age 13, student at Morey Junior High School; Harp student since 1967; member qfthe CeciUan Chapter qfthe American Harp Society; performed with Colorado Philharmonic Orchestra for Head Start; sang as soloist with Classic Chorale, gospel singer with Youth Unlimited; dancer with Ajose African Dancer; hear cheerleader at Morey Junior High School; majorette in the 1973 Cherry Blossom Parade in Washington, D. C WILLIAMS, MURPHY C THE REVEREND Pastor Preached in Europe in Goodwill Tour qf World Council of Churches, 1953; Co-Founder of International Opportunity life Insurance Company in 1957; first Black appointed as Chaplain for the Colorado House qf Representatives 1957- 1965. Erst Black in the United States to serve as Chaplain on a regular basis; cited three times by legislature, which published a collection qf his prayers. Recipient of Beth Joseph Mens Club Human Relation Award, guest preacher at US Air Forte Academy; guest preacher for Martin Luther King, Jr., Fellow (doctoral candidates) at Colgate Rochester Seminary. 1985 "BIACKS IN COLORADO" HALL OF FAME UGGINS, WENDELL THEODORE Minister Pastor qf$on Baptist Church since October 1941. Served as Chaplain for both the House qf Representatives and the Senate for the State of Colorado. First Rack appointed by former Governor John love to aid in integrating Vietnam War Veterans into employment Former Denver Public library Commission member. RANDOLPH, "DADDr BRUCE Business-Philanthropist On Thanksgiving Day, in the mid 1960s he invited over 400 needy persons to his restaurant and fed them -free qf charge. Since that time he has fed thousands of people annually, not only on Thanksgiving but on Christmas and Easter. He has received hundreds of awards and several honorary degrees for his humanitarian efforts from people all across the United States. WARD, JAMES DA VID Educator In 1965 he became principal of Manual High School, making him the first Black male High School Principal in Colorado. He stayed at Manual High School until 1977 and was responsible for the successful desegregation of Manual High School - the first school in the United States to desegregate in reverse order - by whites being bussed into a Black School area. 1992 "BLACKS IN COLORADO" HALL OF FAME MOSLEY, EDNA WILSON Aurora Gty G>uncihjDoman First African American to be elected to the Aurora, Colorado Gty Council (1991). Edna Wilson Mosley has demonstrated her commitment to the advancement qf human rights and Social Justice through her exemplary personal and professional achievement. Her broad spectrum qf interest and involvement and international issues. Mrs. Mosley's belief that we build strong institutions by beginning at home with the family is demonstrated by personal commitments to family. Edna Mosley is a founder qfthe Women's Bank, NA. and also serves on the Board qf Directors qfthe Women's Bank WEBB, WELLINGTON EDWARD 1st Black Mayor of Denver Wellington Edward Webb is the thirty-seventh Mayor qf Denver, Colorado in 1991. He was Denver's Gty Auditor the first Black in that office. Elected to Colorado's House of Representatives in 1972, re-elected in 1974 and 1976 In 1977 he was named Regional Director qfthe Department of Health, Eaucation and Welfare by former President Jimmy Carter. In 1981, Gooernor Richard Lamm named him Executive Director qfthe Department qf Regulatory Agencies. WEBB, WILMA J. First Lady of Denver - Colorado State Representative First Lady of Denver since 1991. Colorado State Representative District #8 from 1980-1991. First minority woman member qfthe State's powerful Joint Budget Committee, she has ensured that vital programs in the areas qf Health, Mental Health, Social Services, and Education receive adequate funding, Representative Webb is the prime sponsor responsible for the enactment of law to commemorate the birthday qfthe late great humanitarian, Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. 1994 "BIACKS IN COLORADO" HALL OF FAME ROBINSON, CLEO PARKER Artistic Director qfthe Geo Parker Robinson Dance Ensemble Geo Parker Robinson began teaching College level dance at the University of Colorado at the age qf 15. She was the director qfthe only Multi-Cultural Dance Arts Organization of its kind in this region. Her dance ensemble is the only company that has a work by Katherine Dunham in its active repertoire. Geo Parker Robinson Dance Theater, along with the Center for toerdisciplinary Sudies was awarded a grant for 1.2 million to support a joint program Project Self-Discovery, which provides the arts as an alternative to At Risk Youth. A success/id year long project between the Cleo Parker Robinson Dance Ensemble and Wyoming's Campbell County High School students that centered around the Theme2 "Harambee!" (A African word for Unity) Culminated last spring with a moving production qf "Harambee!" This collaboration was unique to both the Dance Ensemble and the Campbell County Community. SCOTT, GREGORY KELLAM 1st Black Colorado Supreme Court Justice The first Black member in the 116 year history qfthe Colorado Supreme Court. He was sworn in on January 15, 1993, (the birthday qfthe late great Dr. Martin hither King, Jr) Governor Roy Romer stated " . . .He (Scott) is a person who is devoted to his family, devoted to the community, and devoted to the law." Presided over the Aurora Teen Court (where young people aged 13 to 18 who commit first time misdemeanor offenses have a "trial" before their peers with an adult judge presiding). Justice Scott is currently working with several area churches to provide an introduction to the State Judicial System for church youth As you walk through the Ford-Warren Library, looking at our (1) photograph and (2) poster collection of Black Americans and while reading of their achievement or contributions, we invite you to take the attached FORD-WARREN 1994 BLACK HISTORY QUIZ. The achievements and contributions of all the BLACK AMERICANS in the collection are outstanding. Each individual has demonstrated great abilities and leadership of which all Americans can be proud. We have chosen from these two distinguished collections, for the most part, individuals who have achieved a "first" to be in our quiz. The Prize — pride in your knowledge and awareness of the past and its affect on your future, as in the words of the late President of the United States, Lydon B. Johnson, (3) ". . . their cause must be our cause too. Because it's not just Negroes, but really it's all of us who must overcome the crippling legacy of bigotry and injustice — and we SHALL overcome. . . (1) Blacks in Colorado series (1973), a photograph collection of forty-one Black Coloradans was originally produced for the Denver Public Library for the 1973 Black Awareness Program. (2) Black Women: Achievement against the ODDS. A collection of twenty 36 x 24 posters depicting the achievements of 100 Black women. It was donated to the Ford-Warren Library in 1983 by the Colorado Coalition of 100 Black Women. And, it was published and distributed by the Smithsonian Institution Traveling Exhibition Service in Washington, D.C. (3) Let the Trumpet Sound - the I jfc nf Martin Luther King. Jr. (p. 355), by Stephen B. Oats (DPL Call #323.4 K585 Z Oat.) FORD-WARREN LIBRARY - BLACK AWARENESS QUIZ She was the first Black American female to gain widespread artistic recognition and was the only Black artist to exhibit in the 1876 Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia. Answer BUSINESS 2. He was the first realtor to break the color barriers in Denver Housing. Answer 3. She was the first American woman to become a bank president. Answer 4. She was the first Black American female to become a millionaire. Answer:. 5. A Denver resident and one of the few Black museum curators in the nation. Answer 6. She set up the first laundry in the Hnew country" at Central City, Colorado; she amassed fortune and used her money to help bring other ex-slaves to the West. Answer. CIVIL RIGHTS AND THE CIVIC RIGHTS MOVEMENT 7. She was the first president of the National Association of Colored Women and the first Black woman to serve on The District of Columbia School Board. Answer 8. He infiltrated the Ku Klux Klaus as a member in order to apprise Blacks of the Klan's plans, he was also a Denver physician. Answer 9. He helped form both the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) and the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC). Answer 10. He was a native Denverite, dentist, co-founder of Colorado's NAACP in 1914 and served on Denver's First Commission on Community Relations with its founder, Mayor Quigg Newton. Answer DANCE/THEATER - ENTERTAINMENT 11. She travelled to France with "La Revue Negre" in 1925 where she joined "Tlie FoKes Bergere" and became the first Black to star in a solo revue on the Paris stage. Answer EDUCATION 12. He was the first male Black teacher in the Denver Public Schools. Answer 13. A dedicated educator (1871), she established a teachers' training program at the Institute for Colored Youth which included a popular and unprecedented teaching course. Answer 14. This individual was (lie author of the Noel Resolution, which started the present integration of schools, while a member of the Denver Board of Education. Answer GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS 15. He was the first motorcycle patrolman in the City and County of Denver. Answer 16. She was the first Black from the South since Reconstruction to be elected to the U.S. Congress, served in The House of Representatives from 1972-1978, was the keynote speaker at the Democratic National Convention. Answer. _ 17. This person was the first Black elected to the Denver City Council (1955) and served three (3) terms in the Colorado Legislature (1950-1955). Answer 18. He was the first Black senator in the Colorado Legislature (1956), was a World War II pilot, and a staff writer as well as the night editor for The Denver Post (1950). Answer 19. A native Coloradan, he was the first Black appointed to the U.S. Treasury Department (1934). Answer 20. He was an original member of the Denver Career Service (1955), the first Black to serve oti the Donwf Public- Library Ooixuxus&ioti (1&40), fttxd was nJso a pharmacist. Answer: 21. This person was responsible for the integration of Lakeside Amusement Park and the first Black coordinator of Children's Services with the Denver Public library system. Answer _ JOURNALISM 22. She was the first Black woman to attend the University of Georgia where she earned a degree in Journalism. Answer _ 23. In 1947, she became the first Black female reporter with credentials to cover activities of Congress, the White House and the State Department. She was also the first female sports writer in The District of Columbia. Answer LABOR 24. In 1969, this individual became the first Black director of the Women's Bureau of the Wage and Labor Standards Administration, U.S. Department of Labor. Answer 25. In 1943, she was the first Black woman to serve as a regional director for an International Labor Union in the Southeast. Answer _____ LAW 26. A lawyer, came to Denver in 1904, and in 1919 he organized the first Colorado Citizens Association. And, in 1946, it became the Denver Urban League. Answer 27. In 1921, she became the first Black woman to earn a Ph.D. in economics and in 1927, she was the first Black to earn a law degree from the University of Pennsylvania. Answer 28. She was the first Black woman to preside in a federal court (appointed by President Johnson). In 1964, she became the first Black woman elected to the New York State Senate and was later elected President of the borough of Manhattan. Answer _ 29. He was the first Black judge in Colorado. Answer LITERATI JRE 30. In 1746, this 16-year old slave wrote "Bars Fight" (the first known poem by an African- American). Answer 31. She was the first Black woman to produce a play on Broadway. Answer MEDICINE 32. She was the first Black employed by the Denver Visiting Nurses Association and the first Black nurse on staff at the Tri-County Health Department (1959). Answer 33. This person was the first Black doctor in the West to become a member of the American College of Surgeons and the first chief of surgery at Lowry Air Force Base (1954). Answer ______ 34. She was the first Black woman in the State of New York to become a doctor and the third in the country. Answer 35. She was the first Black woman in the country to receive a formal doctorate in dental surgery. Answer: 36. This individual was the first Black dentist in Colorado. He began practicing in Denver during 1909. Answer 37. Colorado's first Black woman physician, and a Denver Public Library is partly named after her. Answer MILITARY 38. She was the first Black female General in the Armed Forces. Answer 39. She was the first Black female navigator for the Air Force c-141 cargo aircraft. Answer MUSIC 40. She was the first Black female blues singer. Answer 41. This person was the first Black member of the Denver Symphony during 1940. Answer 42. He was the first native-born, Black Coloradan to perform at Carnegie Hall. Answer PIONEER 43. He established the Black coiiimimity of Dearfield in Weld County, Colorado. Answer RELIGION 44. She was the first Black woman preacher of the African Methodist Episcopal Church. Answer 45. He was the great-great grandson of Squanto, son of Massassot, the 17th Century American Indian. And, he received the first Masters of Theology degree from the IUff School of Theology (1922). Answer 46. In 1976, she was ordained by the Episcopal Church as its first Black woman priest Answer 47. He was the first Black appointed as chaplain for the Colorado House of Representatives (1957) and was the first Black in the U.S. to serve as chaplain on a regular basis. Answer . SCIENCES AND MATH 48. In 1949, she was one of the first two Black American women to earn a Ph.D. in mathematics. Answer 49. In 1973, this nuclear physicist was the first Black woman in the U.S. to earn a Ph.D. in physics. She was also the first Black woman to earn a doctorate from The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (M.I.T.). Answer SPORTS 50. In the 1960 Olympic games (Rome, Italy), she was not only the first Black woman, but the first American woman to win three gold medals. Answer 51. In 1952, he was the first Colorado to win an Olympic gold medal and the first Black inducted into the Hall of Fame. Answer 52. She was the first Black woman athlete to gain national and international recognition. Answer FORD-WABREN'S BLACKS IN COLORADO QUIZ 1. First motorcycle patrolman in City and County qf Denver. Also created first auto-theft department in the west. 2. First Coloradan to win an Olympic Gold Medal. First Black inducted into Colorado's Hall of Fame. 3. First Black to serve as regular member qf any U.S. Symphony Orchestra. Charter member qfthe Denver Gvil Symphony. First Black member qf Denver Symphony. 4. Central City honored her memory by dedicating a "Qiair" in her name in its famous opera house 5. First Black Senator in the Colorado Legislature (1956-1974) staff writer as well as night editor for the Denver Post, 1950. 6. First Black person elected to the Denver Gty Council. 7. First Black male teacher in Denver Public Schools - In 1955 was U.S Department qf State Goodwill Ambassador to West Africa. 8. First Black Jfurse employed by the Denver Visiting Nurses Association, Appointed by Governor John A. Love to the Colorado State Board qf Nursing in 1971. 9. Colorado's first Black Judge. 10. Former owner of the former Inter-Ocean Hotel at 16h and Blake Streets; established Denver's first Adult Education classes. 11. Colorado's first Hack woman Doctor. 12. First native bom Black Coloradan to perform at Carnegie Hall. 13. First Black doctor in the west to become a member qfthe American College qf Surgeons. First Chief qf Surgery, Lowry Air Forte Base. 14. Established the Community qfDeerfield in Weld County, Colorado. 15. Native Coloradan, first Black to be appointed U.S. Treasury Department in Colorado (1934). 16. First Black to serve on the Denver Public library Commission (1948-1959), a park a E 23rd and Welton Streets was named in his honor. Original member qf Denver Career Service (1955). 17. Elected for five terms to Colorado House qf Representatives (1944-1953). Actively participated in the passage qfthe Ferir Employment Practices Act, and the defeat qf a billforbidding Japanese people to own land in Colorado. Ford-Warren's Black in Colorado Quiz Page 2 18. Author qfthe Resolution which started the present integration qf Denver schools, while a member qfthe Denver Board qf Education. 19. received the first Master of Theology Degree from EffSchool of Theology (1922). Was third Black Priest in America and second Senior Priast in Colorado. 20. Infiltrated the Khi Klux Klan as a member in order to apprise Blacks qfthe Klan's plans. 21. first Black appointed as Chaplain for the Colorado House qf Representatives, (1957-1965). First Black in the United States to serve as Chaplain on a regular basis. Legislature published a collection qf his prayers. 22. First Black elected Gty Auditor. Former State Representative. 23. First Black appointed to the Regional Transportation District (RTD). Served as Chaplain for both the House qf representative and Senate for the state qf Colorado. 24. First Black male High School Principal in Colorado (1965), was responsible for the successful desegregation qf a Denver School The first in the United States to desegregate in reverse order, by Whites being bussed into a Black school area, 25. First minority woman member qfthe State's powerful Joint Budget Committee. CHOOSE ANSWERS FROM THE FOLLOWING UST OF NAMES: Walker Anderson Dr. Bernard F. Gipson, Jr. James A Atkins Dr. Clarence F. Holmes Ulysses H. Baker Oliver T. Jackson Jim Beckwourth Ledyard C Jones Jerome Biffle Ogfcsoic L Lawson Jack Bradley Earl Mann "Aunt" Clara Brown Thomas E McQam, DD.S George L Brown, Jr. bene McWU&ams Byron Caldwell LL Col John W. Mosley, Jr. Elvin R Caldwell George Morrison, Sr. Thomas Campbell Rachel B Jfod Charles L Cousins/AUa Porter Cousins Sebastian Cabot Owens Lula Craig Reverend Harry E Rahming Gilbert Outer Pauline Robinson Elva Jones Dulan Edward J. SanderSn Hon. James C Flanigan Paul Wilbert Stewart Barney Ford William Turner Dr. Justina L Ford Joseph H P. Westbrooke, M.D. Eugene Gash Cecilia Kay White James C Gaskins Murphy C Williams Ford-Warrm's Black tie Colorado Quiz PageS Peggy Underwood Reverend Wendell T Iiggins "Daddy" Bruce Randolph James David Ward Hon, WilmaJ. Webb Juanita Ross Gray Hon. Wellington Webb The Prize Pride in your knowledge and awareness of the past and its affect on your future, as in the words qfthe late President qfthe United Rates, Lyndon B. Johnson (1) ". . . . Their cause must be our cause too. Because its not just Negroes, but really it's all qfus who must overcome the crippling legacy of bigotry and injustice - - and we SHALL overcome. . . * (1) Let the Trumpet Sound - The Life of Martin Luther King, Jr. by Stephen. R Otts, (p. 355) The Black Future "Whet% we allow freedom to ring - when we let it ring from every ctty and every hamlet, from every state and every city, we will be able to speed up that day when all of God's children, Black men and White men, Jews and Gentiles, Protestants and Catholics, will be able to join hands and sing in the words of the old Negro spiritual, "Free at Last, Free at Last, Great God Almighty, We are Free at Last. " Martin Luther King, Jr. Excerpt from - "I Have a Dream" Speech (August J9€S) J»/3J» "Lift Ev'ry Voice and Sing" J3#J> Lift every voice and sing Till earth and heaven ring, Ring with the harmonies of Liberty; Let our rejoicing rise High as the listening skies, Let it resound loud as the rolling sea. Sing a song full of the faith that the dark past has taught us, Sing a song full of the hope that the present has brought us. Facing the rising sun of our new day begun Let us march on till victory is won. Stony the road we trod, Bitter the chastening rod, Felt in the days when hope unborn had died; Yet with a steady beat, have not our weary feet Come to the place for which our fathers sighed? We have come over a way that with tears have been watered, We have come, treading our path through the blood of the slaughtered, Out from the gloomy past, Till now we stand at last Where the white gleam of our bright star is cast. God of our weary years, God of our silent tears, Thou who has brought us thus far on the way; Thou who has by thy might Led us into the light, Keep us forever in the path, we pray. Lest our feet stray from the places, Our God, where we met Thee, Lest, our hearts drunk with the wine of the world, we forget Thee; Shadowed beneath Thy hand, May we forever stand. True to our GOD, True to our native land. j>;Wbj>j>i|jw Lift Every Voice and Sing was written by the noted black poet and civil rights leader James Weldon Johnson. It was originally intended for use in a program given by a group of Jacksonville, Florida schoolchildren to celebrate Lincoln's birthday. Inasmuch as its words tend to convey a sense of birthright and heritage, it is often referred to as the "Negro National A nthem " and sung at the opening of various public gatherings.