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Women's Contributions to the United States: Honoring the Past And The School Board of Broward County, Florida Benjamin J. Williams, Chair Beverly A. Gallagher, Vice Chair Carole L. Andrews Robin Bartleman Darla L. Carter Maureen S. Dinnen Stephanie Arma Kraft, Esq. Robert D. Parks, Ed.D. Marty Rubinstein Dr. Frank Till Superintendent of Schools The School Board of Broward County, Florida, prohibits any policy or procedure which results in discrimination on the basis of age, color, disability, gender, national origin, marital status, race, religion or sexual orientation. Individuals who wish to file a discrimination and/or harassment complaint may call the Director of Equal Educational Opportunities at (754) 321-2150 or Teletype Machine TTY (754) 321-2158. www.browardschools.com Women’s Contributions to the United States: Honoring the Past and Challenging the Future Manual Grades K-12 Dr. Earlean C. Smiley Deputy Superintendent Curriculum and Instruction/Student Support Sayra Vélez Hughes Executive Director Multicultural & ESOL Program Services Education Department Dr. Elizabeth L. Watts Multicultural Curriculum Development/Training Specialist Multicultural Department Barbara Billington Linda Medvin Marion M. Williams Resource Teachers WOMEN’S CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE UNITED STATES: HONORING THE PAST AND CHALLENGING THE FUTURE TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgments ..................................................................................................................... i Writing Team ............................................................................................................................. ii First Congressional Resolution ............................................................................................ iv Presidential Proclamation ..................................................................................................... v Mandate ........................................................................................................................................ vi Overview ....................................................................................................................................... 1 Introduction – Why Study Women’s Contributions? ................................................ 4 Women in American History Women in History Timeline ..................................................................................... 6 Chronology of Women’s Suffrage in the United States .................................... 13 Summary of the Women’s Movement in the United States ........................... 18 The Nineteenth Amendment: Susan B. Anthony and the Right to Vote ..... 21 Florida Women and the Suffrage Movement ...................................................... 23 Women in the Armed Forces .................................................................................. 27 Lessons and Activities .............................................................................................................. 30 Grades K/1: Betsy Ross ............................................................................................. 31 Grades 1/2: Toni Morrison........................................................................................ 34 Grade 3: Sacajawea, The Brave Shoshoni Friend .............................................. 39 Grade 4: Why Study Women’s History? ............................................................. 42 Grade 5: Maya Lin, Architect ................................................................................. 45 Grade 6: Women Astronaut Firsts ......................................................................... 49 Grade 7: Amelia Earhart .......................................................................................... 53 Grades 6/7: The Return of Sacagawea .................................................................. 56 Grade 8: Women’s Contributions to the U.S. ...................................................... 59 Grades 9/10: Woman’s History: An Interview .................................................... 62 Grades 10-12: Judy Baca ......................................................................................... 66 Grade 11: Women’s Contributions to American Literature ............................ 72 Grade 12: Women’s Contributions to American Government ....................... 75 WOMEN’S CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE UNITED STATES: HONORING THE PAST AND CHALLENGING THE FUTURE Activities, Grades K-5 ............................................................................................... 78 Activities, Grades 6-12 .............................................................................................. 81 Resources ...................................................................................................................................... 83 Biographies .................................................................................................................. 84 Eight Pioneer Florida Women ................................................................................ 110 Broward County Women’s History Coalition ..................................................... 118 Biographical Highlights of Women in Broward County ................................... 120 KidsVoting Selected Activities ................................................................................ 141 Bibliography ................................................................................................................ 155 Websites ........................................................................................................................ 164 Instructional Packets: These instructional packets are included in the Women’s Contributions to the United States: Honoring the Past and Challenging the Future Kit. The Central Processing Lab has catalogued Kits. One Kit has been sent to each school’s media center. Beginning Books Biography – Modern Curriculum Press - Grades K-5 Florida Women’s Heritage Trail – Grades K-12 Political Partners: Florida’s First Ladies – Grades K-12 Study Guide/Video Visual Arts – Middle/High School Study Guide Women on Stamps – Grades K-12, Selected Activities WOMEN’S CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE UNITED STATES: HONORING THE PAST AND CHALLENGING THE FUTURE ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The Manual, Women’s Contributions to the United States: Honoring the Past and Challenging the Future, was developed through the concerted effort of various, dedicated individuals. First, we extend our sincere appreciation to Helen Landers, Broward County Historian, and to members of the Broward County Commission on the Status of Women, who assisted with writing and content suggestions. Our appreciation goes to members of the Broward County Historical Commission; the Broward County Commission on the Status of Women; and to the Broward County Women’s History Coalition for their contributions, support, and commitment toward the development of this Manual. Our appreciation goes to members of the writing team, comprised of Broward County Public Schools’ teachers, staff from the Multicultural and ESOL Education Departments, and consultants. We are grateful to organizations and community members who contributed to this project. Finally, we extend our thanks to all of those who assisted us in this project with their encouraging words of support and commitment. i WOMEN’S CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE UNITED STATES: HONORING THE PAST AND CHALLENGING THE FUTURE WRITING TEAM Broward County Public Schools Janice Alford ESOL Resource Teacher ESOL Education Department Lillian Cruz-Collins ESOL Resource Teacher ESOL Education Department Karen Parks Hosto Teacher, Sandpiper Elementary Linda Medvin Holocaust Studies Resource Teacher Multicultural Department Ellen Sabety Teacher, Embassy Creek Elementary Annejeanette Washington-Wooten Technology Teacher Manatee Bay Elementary Elizabeth L. Watts Ph.D. Multicultural Curriculum Development/Training Specialist Multicultural Department Consultants Joan Hinden Martha Gutiérrez-Steinkamp Smithsonian Fellow ii WOMEN’S CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE UNITED STATES: HONORING THE PAST AND CHALLENGING THE FUTURE Contributors Broward County Commission on the Status of Women Broward County Women’s History Coalition Josette Burns Social Studies Department Chair Plantation High School Broward County Public Schools Barbara Ericksen Executive Director KidsVoting Florida Commission on the Status of Women Terri Fox Museum of Florida History Helen Landers Broward County Historian Broward County Historical Commission Shari Wasser English Teacher Plantation High School Broward County Public Schools Marcia Zerivits Executive Director Ziff Jewish Museum iii WOMEN’S CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE UNITED STATES: HONORING THE PAST AND CHALLENGING THE FUTURE CONGRESSIONAL RESOLUTION DESIGNATING THE MONTH OF MARCH AS “WOMEN’S HISTORY MONTH” Passed March 1987 Whereas American women of every race, class and ethnic background have made historic contributions to the growth and strength of our Nation in countless recorded and unrecorded ways; Whereas American women have played and continue to play a critical economical, cultural, and social role in every sphere of the life of the Nation by constituting a significant portion of the labor force working inside and outside of the home; Whereas American women have played a unique role throughout the history of the nation by providing the majority of the volunteer labor force in the Nation; Whereas American women were particularly important in the establishment of early charitable, philanthropic, and cultural institutions in
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