Proceedings of the Twenty-third Midwest Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive Science Conference April 21 – 22, 2012 University of Cincinnati Cincinnati, Ohio Edited by Sofia Visa, Atsushi Inoue, and Anca Ralescu Omnipress – Madison, WISCONSIN i This page is intentionally left blank Preface Welcome to the twenty-third Midwest Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive Science Conference (MAICS2012). This is the fourth time that MAICS is held at the University of Cincinnati. In keeping with the tradition of the previous conferences, this year too, graduate students and junior researchers were encouraged to submit their work to be presented along with that of more senior researchers. We wish to thank the program committee for the thorough reviews that so many members of the committee supplied, including extended comments and suggestions for the authors. Given the diversity of topics in the papers submitted to the conference, the reviewers’ tasks were quite challenging. This year’s one and half day conference schedule is packed with thirty papers included in the program and the printed proceedings. Submissions were made from six countries despite that MAICS is usually advertised as a regional conference. We consider this as a global recognition of the conference quality and special appeal. We are thankful for active contribution and participation of students. About a half of accepted papers are primarily authored by students and, as a result of competitive review scores, the Program Committee nominated five student papers for the best student paper award sponsored by Cognitive Science Society. This year the conference features critical needs and trends as illustrated by the three invited plenary lecturers, Dr. Michelle Quirk, Dr. Traian Marius Truta and Dr. Kevin Gluck, who will present their ideas on Deterrence Analysis, K-Anonymity in Social Networking Services, and some recent development of Cognitive Models for the Air Force research respectively. The success of the conference depends on many people who contributed to it. Thanks are due to York F. Choo, who again did an excellent job in designing the conference web page and the front cover of the proceedings, and to many of our students, who helped in many ways. Finally, we thank our sponsors for their generosity on financial and human recourse contributions – CINCO Credit Union, Cognitive Science Society, College of Wooster, and the University of Cincinnati, School of Computing Sciences and Informatics. We hope for a good conference with lively and interesting discussions. Atsushi Inoue, General Chair Anca Ralescu, General Chair Sofia Visa, Program Chair MAICS-2012 Organization Conference Chair Atsushi Inoue, Eastern Washington University Anca Ralescu, University of Cincinnati Program Chair Sofia Visa, College of Wooster Program Committee Hani Abu-Salem, USA Jung H. Kim, USA Razvan Andonie, USA Dan Li, USA Yoshinori Arai, Japan Richard Maclin, USA Jim Buckley, USA Toshiyuki Maeda, Japan Denise Byrnes, USA Mihaela Malita, USA Dale Courte, USA Logan Mayfield, USA Valerie Cross, USA Augustine Nsang, Nigeria Paul A DePalma, USA Masaki Ogino, Japan Susana Irene Daz, Spain Ago Quaye, Nigeria Simona Doboli, USA Muhammad A. Rahman, USA Yasser EL-Manzalawy, USA Anca Ralescu, USA Martha Evens, USA Dan Ralescu, USA Michael Glass, USA Mohammad Rawashdeh, USA Lluis Godo, Spain Tomasz Rutkowski, Japan Isao Hayashi, Japan Apkar Salatian, Nigeria Cory Henson, USA Tom Sudkamp, USA Suranga Hettiarachchi, USA Christopher Thomas, USA Vasant Honavar. USA Kewei Tu, USA Mircea Ionescu, USA Traian M. Truta, USA Atsushi Inoue, USA Sofia Visa, USA Daisuke Katagami, Japan Special Design Advisor York Fang Choo - Front and back cover designed by York Fang Choo. Teleconference Coordinator Mojtaba Kohram Special thanks for administrative support Mary Davis, School of Computing Sciences and Informatics, University of Cincinnati Kelly Voght, CINCO Federal Credit Union, Cincinnati Sponsoring Organizations School of Computing Sciences and Informatics, University of Cincinnati Mathematics and Computer Science Department, College of Wooster Cognitive Science Society CINCO Contents Preface .........................................................................................iii MAICS-2012 Organization .................................................................. iv Contents ........................................................................................ v Plenary Lectures . 1 Deterrence Analysis: AI and Cognitive Sciences As Necessary Ingredients . 2 Michelle Quirk K-Anonymity in Social Networks: A Clustering Approach . 3 Traian Marius Truta Exploring Methods for Exploring Models . 4 Kevin Gluck Cognitive Science Society Special Session for Best Student Paper Award . 5 Applying Soft Computing to Estimation of Resources’ Price in Oil and Gas Industry . 6 Sholpan Mirseidova, Atsushi Inoue and Lyazzat Atymtayeva Fuzzy Cluster Validity with Generalized Silhouettes . 11 Mohammad Rawashdeh and Anca Ralescu Computing with Words for Direct Marketing Support System . .19 Pakizar Shamoi and Atsushi Inoue Linguistic Profiling and Behavioral Drift in Chat Bots . 27 Nawaf Ali, Derek Schaeffer and Roman V. Yampolskiy Topic Identification and Analysis in Large News Corpora . 31 Sarjoun Doumit and Ali Minai Expert Systems, Tutoring, and Robotics . 35 Bypassing Words in Automatic Speech Recognition . 36 Paul De Palma, George Luger, Caroline Smith and Charles Wooters A User Friendly Software Framework for Mobile Robot Control . 44 Jesse Riddle, Ryan Hughes, Nathaniel Biefeld and Suranga Hettiarachchi COMPS Computer Mediated Problem Solving: A First Look . 50 Melissa A. Desjarlais, Jung Hee Kim and Michael Glass Genetic Algorithms and Agent Systems . .59 Genetic Algorithm Applied to the Graph Coloring Problem . ........................................60 Musa M. Hindi and Roman V. Yampolskiy A Two-tiered View on Acceptance . 67 Joelle¨ Proust Recognition and Feature Extraction . 71 Baseline Avatar Face Detection using an Extended Set of Haar-like Features . 72 Darryl D’Souza and Roman V. Yampolskiy Automated Collection of High Quality 3D Avatar Images . 78 James Kim, Darryl D’Souza and Roman V. Yampolskiy Darwinian-Based Feature Extraction Using K-Means and Kohonen Clustering . 83 Joshua Adams, Joseph Shelton, Lasanio Small, Sabra Neal, Melissa Venable, Jung Kim and Gerry Dozier Scientific Computing and Applications . 89 Computing Partial Solutions to Difficult AI Problems . 90 Roman V. Yampolskiy AI-Complete, AI-Hard, or AI-Easy - Classification of Problems in AI . 94 Roman V. Yampolskiy Poster Session 1 . 103 Genetic Algorithms and Book Embeddings: A Dual Layered Approach . 104 Shannon Overbay, Paul De Palma, Marshall Hurson, Tiffany Arnold and Andrew Pierce Bi-fuzziness, Incompleteness, Inconsistency, Truth and Falsity Based on Saturation and Ignorance Functions. A New Approach of Penta-Valued Knowledge Representation . 112 Vasile Patrascu Automated Code Generation Using Case-Based Reasoning, Routine Design and Template-Based Programming . 119 Yuri Danilchenko and Richard Fox Pixel Consistency, K-Tournament Selection, and Darwinian-Based Feature Extraction . 126 Joseph Shelton, Melissa Venable, Sabra Neal, Joshua Adams, Aniesha Alford and Gerry Dozier Quid Sico? On Cognition & Knowledge . .131 Sahon Bhattacharyya Comparison of Optimization Methods for L1-regularized Logistic Regression . .140 Aleksander Jovanovich and Alina Lazar Fuzzy Logic and Systems . ...................... 145 Expert System for Security Audit Using Fuzzy Logic . 146 K. Kozhakhmet, G. Bortsova, A. Inoue and L. Atymtayeva Fuzzy Logic-based Robust Control of a Flexible two-mass System (1990 ACC Benchmark Problem) . 152 Adekunle C. Adediji and John Essegbey Learning Fuzzy Cognitive Maps by a Hybrid Method Using Nonlinear Hebbian Learning and Extended Great Deluge Algorithm . 159 Zhaowei Ren Learning and Classifications . 165 Multi-K Machine Learning Ensembles . 166 Matthew Whitehead and Larry S. Yaeger Knowledge Elicitation to Prototype the Value of Information . 173 Timothy Hanratty, Eric Heilman, John Dumer and Robert J. Hammell II A Dynamic Programming Approach for Heart Segmentation in Chest Radiographs . 180 Aarti Raheja, Jason Knapp and Chunsheng Fang Investigating a Bayesian Hierarchical Framework for Feature-Space Modeling of Criminal Site-Selection Problems ................................................................................... 185 Jon Fox, Samuel H. Huddleston, Matthew Gerber and Donald E. Brown Poster Session 2 . 193 Authors Index . .194 This page is intentionally left blank Plenary Lectures Chair: Atsushi Inoue Deterrence Analysis: AI and Cognitive Science As Necessary Ingredients Dr. Michelle Quirk Project Scientist Basic and Applied Research Office InnoVision Directorate National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency Abstract Biographical Sketch The concept of deterrence can be defined as Michelle Quirk is a project scientist in the Basic the display of possible threats by one party to and Applied Research Office, InnoVision convince another party to refrain from initiating Directorate, National Geospatial-Intelligence certain courses of action. The most common Agency (NGA). She has a career that spans over deterrent is that of a threat that convinces the 25 years in the areas of applied computer adversary not to carry out intended actions science and computational mathematics. because of costly consequences. In a nutshell, deterrence analysis comprises Michelle began her research activities in these three factors: modeling rock mechanics