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Online Appendices to WFH Productivity in Open-Source Projects

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Online Appendices to WFH Productivity in Open-Source Projects Online Appendices ”WFH Productivity in Open-Source Projects” Lucas Shen (March 2021) Figure A1: Largest countries in sample Notes. Sample size by country, in descending order. Panel (a) sorts countries by number of commits per user-repository. Panel (b) sorts countries by number of user-repository. 1 Figure A2: US states (by Commits) Notes. US sample size by states, in descending order. States sorted by number of commits per user-repository. Figure A3: US states (by Users & Repositories) Notes. US sample size by states, in descending order. States sorted by number user-repository. 2 (a) Staggered Timing in County-level Business Closures (b) County-level Variation in Sample Sizes Figure A4: Geographical Variation in US sample Notes—Panel (a) plots the county-level variation in business closures from the US-state level records and crowdsourced county-level records. Blue indicates earlier closures, while red indicates later closures. South Dakota is (still) the sole state without closure at the time of writing. Panel (b) plots the geographic variation of commits from geocoded U.S. users—larger markers indicate larger activity in the sample period. 3 (a) Early response (by 15 Feb) (b) Intermediate response (by 17 Mar) (c) Late response (by 30 Apr) Figure A5: Country variation in WFH enforcement Notes. Figure plots the variation in government-enforced WFH levels during the COVID-19 pandemic. WFH indicators come from the OxCGRT (?). 4 (a) Early response (by 15 Feb) (b) Intermediate response (by 17 Mar) (c) Late response (by 30 Apr) Figure A6: U.S. states variation in WFH enforcement Notes. Figure plots the U.S. states variation in government-enforced WFH levels during the COVID-19 pandemic. WFH indicators come from the OxCGRT (?). 5 (a) Baseline (WFH = 0) (b) Recommended WFH (WFH = 1) (c) Required WFH for some (WFH = 2) (d) Required WFH for all but essential (WFH = 3) Figure A7: Country variation in activity, by WFH status Notes. Figure plots the variation in activity level according to government-enforced WFH levels during the COVID-19 pandemic. These are from the commits per user-repo-day (for each given WFH period, total commits in that period divided by days in WFH period), aggregated up to the country-WFH level. Shaded areas indicate countries that do not have a particular WFH enforcement from Jan–Jun 2020. WFH indicators come from the OxCGRT (?). 6 (a) Baseline (WFH = 0) (b) Recommended WFH (WFH = 1) (c) Required WFH for some (WFH = 2) (d) Required WFH for all but some (WFH = 3) Figure A8: U.S. states variation in activity, by WFH status Notes. Figure plots the variation in activity level according to U.S. state-level government-enforced WFH levels during the COVID-19 pandemic. These are from the commits per user-repo-day (for each given WFH period, total commits in that period divided bydaysinWFH period), aggregated up to the state-WFH level. Shaded areas indicate state that do not have a particular WFH enforcement from Jan–Jun 2020. WFH indicators come from the OxCGRT (?). 7 Table A1—Language Distribution (Commits sample) language No. % JavaScript 16,392 16.98 Python 13,200 13.68 Java 9,712 10.06 PHP 6,884 7.13 Go 5,952 6.17 C++ 5,748 5.96 HTML 5,024 5.21 Ruby 4,128 4.28 TypeScript 3,588 3.72 C 3,516 3.64 Shell 3,224 3.34 CSS 2,972 3.08 C# 2,928 3.03 Scala 1,004 1.04 Jupyter Notebook 872 0.90 Rust 872 0.90 Swift 840 0.87 R 640 0.66 Vim script 620 0.64 Objective-C 596 0.62 Kotlin 536 0.56 Emacs Lisp 508 0.53 Perl 396 0.41 Dockerfile 392 0.41 Lua 376 0.39 Groovy 288 0.30 Clojure 272 0.28 Dart 272 0.28 PowerShell 272 0.28 MATLAB 260 0.27 TeX 248 0.26 Vue 248 0.26 Haskell 200 0.21 CoffeeScript 196 0.20 Erlang 184 0.19 Fortran 172 0.18 Elixir 168 0.17 TSQL 144 0.15 Julia 132 0.14 OCaml 116 0.12 Pascal 116 0.12 Assembly 108 0.11 Makefile 108 0.11 CMake 84 0.09 Visual Basic .NET 80 0.08 Starlark 76 0.08 Batchfile 72 0.07 F# 64 0.07 Nim 64 0.07 Vala 60 0.06 Smalltalk 56 0.06 ABAP 52 0.05 DM 52 0.05 Haxe 52 0.05 Crystal 48 0.05 PLpgSQL 48 0.05 Zig 48 0.05 D 40 0.04 Puppet 40 0.04 QML 40 0.04 XSLT 40 0.04 Common Lisp 36 0.04 Scheme 36 0.04 Vim Snippet 36 0.04 HCL 32 0.03 Jsonnet 32 0.03 VHDL 32 0.03 Elm 28 0.03 Roff 28 0.03 Continued on next page 8 Table A1 – Continued from previous page Language No. % Smarty 28 0.03 ActionScript 24 0.02 Ada 24 0.02 AutoHotkey 24 0.02 SourcePawn 24 0.02 Coq 20 0.02 Nix 20 0.02 Raku 20 0.02 Rich Text Format 20 0.02 SuperCollider 20 0.02 Markdown 16 0.02 OpenSCAD 16 0.02 PLSQL 16 0.02 Racket 16 0.02 Reason 16 0.02 Tcl 16 0.02 Verilog 16 0.02 ASP 12 0.01 BitBake 12 0.01 GLSL 12 0.01 Gherkin 12 0.01 IDL 12 0.01 Lasso 12 0.01 Mathematica 12 0.01 OpenEdge ABL 12 0.01 PureScript 12 0.01 RobotFramework 12 0.01 SQLPL 12 0.01 Stan 12 0.01 SystemVerilog 12 0.01 Apex 8 0.01 Cirru 8 0.01 ColdFusion 8 0.01 Cuda 8 0.01 HLSL 8 0.01 Hack 8 0.01 Isabelle 8 0.01 LiveScript 8 0.01 Logos 8 0.01 MQL5 8 0.01 MTML 8 0.01 Max 8 0.01 Objective-J 8 0.01 PostScript 8 0.01 Prolog 8 0.01 SWIG 8 0.01 Squirrel 8 0.01 YARA 8 0.01 YASnippet 8 0.01 sed 8 0.01 API Blueprint 4 0.00 AngelScript 4 0.00 ApacheConf 4 0.00 E 4 0.00 Factor 4 0.00 Forth 4 0.00 FreeMarker 4 0.00 G-code 4 0.00 GAMS 4 0.00 GAP 4 0.00 GDScript 4 0.00 Gnuplot 4 0.00 IGOR Pro 4 0.00 KiCad Layout 4 0.00 LLVM 4 0.00 LOLCODE 4 0.00 LabVIEW 4 0.00 Lex 4 0.00 Limbo 4 0.00 Continued on next page 9 Table A1 – Continued from previous page Language No. % M 4 0.00 Modelica 4 0.00 Modula-2 4 0.00 NewLisp 4 0.00 Nextflow 4 0.00 Objective-C++ 4 0.00 P4 4 0.00 Pawn 4 0.00 Pony 4 0.00 Processing 4 0.00 PureBasic 4 0.00 Rebol 4 0.00 Riot 4 0.00 SMT 4 0.00 SQF 4 0.00 VBA 4 0.00 VBScript 4 0.00 VimL 4 0.00 Volt 4 0.00 XProc 4 0.00 ZenScript 4 0.00 q 4 0.00 Total 96,516 100.00 10 Table A2—Language Distribution (Pull request sample) Language No. % JavaScript 78,005 16.906 Python 72,598 15.734 PHP 36,556 7.923 Java 34,708 7.522 Go 33,132 7.181 Ruby 32,736 7.095 C++ 21,104 4.574 TypeScript 19,395 4.203 C 15,636 3.389 C# 13,724 2.974 Shell 13,592 2.946 HTML 12,640 2.739 Rust 7,284 1.579 Swift 7,172 1.554 CSS 6,748 1.462 Scala 4,940 1.071 Kotlin 3,264 0.707 Objective-C 3,076 0.667 Elixir 2,816 0.610 Jupyter Notebook 2,756 0.597 Haskell 2,656 0.576 Dart 2,220 0.481 Julia 2,136 0.463 Dockerfile 2,104 0.456 Emacs Lisp 1,916 0.415 Perl 1,668 0.362 Vim script 1,616 0.350 Groovy 1,596 0.346 Clojure 1,592 0.345 Lua 1,284 0.278 PowerShell 1,248 0.270 Erlang 1,240 0.269 R 1,232 0.267 CoffeeScript 964 0.209 OCaml 920 0.199 Vue 916 0.199 Makefile 852 0.185 Starlark 740 0.160 Crystal 672 0.146 PureScript 628 0.136 F# 588 0.127 Puppet 580 0.126 TSQL 472 0.102 TeX 460 0.100 CMake 456 0.099 Jsonnet 420 0.091 Vala 400 0.087 MATLAB 368 0.080 BitBake 336 0.073 Common Lisp 336 0.073 Smalltalk 316 0.068 Fortran 292 0.063 Haxe 288 0.062 HCL 272 0.059 Nim 268 0.058 Nix 248 0.054 PLpgSQL 244 0.053 Elm 236 0.051 Smarty 232 0.050 Assembly 204 0.044 XSLT 176 0.038 Gherkin 164 0.036 D 160 0.035 Raku 160 0.035 Roff 148 0.032 Pascal 136 0.029 Reason 120 0.026 Rich Text Format 116 0.025 SourcePawn 104 0.023 Continued on next page 11 Table A2 – Continued from previous page Language No. % Apex 100 0.022 ColdFusion 96 0.021 Scheme 96 0.021 Visual Basic .NET 96 0.021 ABAP 80 0.017 QML 80 0.017 Batchfile 76 0.016 Tcl 72 0.016 Coq 68 0.015 Objective-C++ 68 0.015 GDScript 64 0.014 Common Workflow Language 60 0.013 Cuda 60 0.013 Racket 60 0.013 VHDL 60 0.013 Prolog 56 0.012 SWIG 52 0.011 Agda 48 0.010 SaltStack 48 0.010 Vim Snippet 48 0.010 Zig 48 0.010 1C Enterprise 44 0.010 F* 44 0.010 Pawn 44 0.010 YASnippet 44 0.010 Lasso 40 0.009 Markdown 40 0.009 Perl 6 40 0.009 PLSQL 36 0.008 SystemVerilog 36 0.008 GAP 32 0.007 GLSL 32 0.007 Hack 32 0.007 IDL 32 0.007 M4 32 0.007 RobotFramework 32 0.007 SQF 32 0.007 Mathematica 28 0.006 Ada 24 0.005 Augeas 24 0.005 SuperCollider 24 0.005 Verilog 24 0.005 WebAssembly 24 0.005 q 24 0.005 AutoHotkey 20 0.004 Awk 20 0.004 FreeMarker 20 0.004 LookML 20 0.004 Nextflow 20 0.004 PostScript 20 0.004 Stan 20 0.004 VBA 20 0.004 YAML 20 0.004 YARA 20 0.004 Yacc 20 0.004 ANTLR 16 0.003 API Blueprint 16 0.003 Cirru 16 0.003 Dhall 16 0.003 Factor 16 0.003 OpenEdge ABL 16 0.003 P4 16 0.003 Pony 16 0.003 SQLPL 16 0.003 Visual Basic 16 0.003 Xtend 16 0.003 AutoIt 12 0.003 DIGITAL Command Language 12 0.003 DM 12 0.003 Continued on next page 12 Table A2 – Continued from previous page Language No.
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