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Actors and Incentives in Cannabis Policy Change: an Interdisciplinary Approach to Legalization Processes in the United States and in Uruguay
1 UNIVERSIDADE DE SÃO PAULO INSTITUTO DE RELAÇÕES INTERNACIONAIS Fernanda Mena Actors and incentives in cannabis policy change: an interdisciplinary approach to legalization processes in the United States and in Uruguay São Paulo 2020 FERNANDA MELLO MENA 2 Actors and incentives in cannabis policy change: an interdisciplinary approach to legalization processes in the United States and in Uruguay Original Version Ph.D. Thesis presented to the Graduate Program in International Relations at the International Relations Institute, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil, to obtain the degree of Doctor in Science. Advisor: Prof. Dr. Leandro Piquet Carneiro São Paulo 2020 Autorizo a reprodução e divulgação total ou parcial deste trabalho, por qualquer meio convencional ou eletrônico, para fins de estudo e pesquisa, desde que citada a fonte. 3 Catalogação na Publicação* Instituto de Relações Internacionais da Universidade de São Paulo Mena, Fernanda Actors and incentives in cannabis policy change: an interdisciplinary approach to legalization processes in the United States and in Uruguay / Fernanda Mello Mena -- Orientador Leandro Piquet Carneiro. São Paulo: 2020. 195p. Tese (doutorado). Universidade de São Paulo. Instituto de Relações Internacionais. 1. Relações exteriores (História) – Brasil 2. Relações internacionais (História) - Brasil 3. Política externa – Brasil I. Mena, Fernanda II. Actors and incentives in cannabis policy change: an interdisciplinary approach to legalization processes in the United States and in Uruguay CDD 327.81 4 MENA, Fernanda Actors and incentives in cannabis policy change: an interdisciplinary approach to legalization processes in the United States and in Uruguay Ph. D. Thesis presented to the International Relations Institute, at the University of São Paulo, Brazil, to obtain the degree of Doctor in Science. -
Lloyd Herbert Shinners
i-xii.qxd 8/2/11 8:30 AM Page VIII Lloyd Herbert Shinners LOYD HERBERT SHINNERS (1918–1971) was born in Bluesky (population 16), near Waterhole in L the Peace River country of northwestern Alberta, Canada, on September 22, 1918. He was the child of homesteaders who had come from Wisconsin apparently under the National Policy [of Building Up Canada]. At the age of five, his family returned to Wisconsin where he attended public schools in Milwaukee and graduated from Lincoln High School as valedictorian of his class. He attended the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee and later transferred to the University of Wisconsin-Madison from which he graduated Phi Beta Kappa in June, 1940. He also received his M.S. (1941) and Ph.D. (1943—Grasses of Wisconsin) degrees from the University of Wisconsin-Madison. Shinners came to Southern Methodist University in Dallas in 1945, became the Director of the Herbarium in 1949, and was on the faculty there until his death in 1971. Not only did he almost single-handedly develop the herbarium which today forms the core of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas (BRIT) collection, but he also created one of the best botanical libraries in the United States, did extensive field work, and published a total of 276 articles and a 514-page flora (Flook 1973). Under his supervision the SMU herbarium grew from ca. 20,000 to 340,000 specimens. His contributions to botanical nomenclature are also particularly impressive, totaling 558 new scientific names and combinations (Flook 1973). Among his most lasting achievements are the Spring Flora of the Dallas-Fort Worth Area Texas (Shinners 1958a) and the journal, Sida, Contributions to Botany, which he founded in 1962 (Mahler 1973b). -
Endangered Plants in Nigeria: Time for a New Paradigm for Vegetation Conservation
64 The Nigerian Field 75:64-84 (2010) ENDANGERED PLANTS IN NIGERIA: TIME FOR A NEW PARADIGM FOR VEGETATION CONSERVATION Augustine 0. Isichei Department of Botany, Obafemi Awolowo University,Ile-lfe The global problem of biodiversity loss, especially vegetation loss has been of concern since humans realized the implications of habitat destruction in the course of economic development. Plants form the bedrock of life and human material culture depends on them. Our human world has been so closely tied to plants that it is dficult to imagine human existence without them. Being the only primary producers, all other consumers in the food chain are dependent on plants for food, fibre and energy. Knowledge of plants, their habitats, structure, metabolism and inheritance is thus the basic foundation for human survival and the way a people incorporate plants into their cultural traditions, religions and Table 1: Categories of Biodiversity Values (adapted from Okali 2004) Use values Non-use values Consumptive Non- Indirect Option Existence consumptive value value Generic: goods Ecological functions Possible Satisfaction for home for maintaining future of fiom consumption, 'sustainability & serendipity knowledge of manufacture or productivity existence and trade ability to bequeath Examples from Aesthetic Diversity of species Gene pool: Special diversity: mixed value of assists ecosystem potential concern for crop varieties; diverse resilience and medicines rare and mixed food landscapes; stability and drugs threatened combinations bird watching species -
Chemical Constituents of Garcinia Mannii (Glusiaceae)
Available online at www.derpharmachemica.com ISSN 0975-413X Der Pharma Chemica, 2021, 13(7): 1-8 CODEN (USA): PCHHAX (http://www.derpharmachemica.com/archive.html) Chemical constituents of Garcinia mannii (Glusiaceae) Hasan M.H. Muhaisen . Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts, Najran University, Sharurah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia *Corresponding author: Hasan M.H. Muhaisen, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts, Najran University, Sharurah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT Biflavonoid named as I-3, II-3, I-5, II-5, I-7, II-7, I-40 , II-40 -octahydroxy [I-20 , II-20] biflavone, quercetin, apigenin along with dimethylether of phloroacetophenone named as 2,4- dimethoxy-6-hydroxy acetophenone, have been isolated from leaves of Garcinia mannii. Their structures were elucidated by chemical and physical data (IR, UV, H-NMR, C-NMR and Mass spectra). Keywords: Garcinia mannii, Leaves, Biflavone, Flavonoids, acetophenone INTRODUCTION The genus Garcinia includes more than 300 species and belongs to the family Clusiaceae. The plants of the genus have multiple applications in culinary, pharmaceutical, and industrial fields. It is also ornamental, with a dense canopy of green leaves and red-tinged tender emerging leaves. The genus is native to Asia and Africa. About 35 species are common in India and are endemic to the evergreen forests of Western Ghats, Gujarat, Andaman and Nicobar Islands and North-Eastern region of India. The tree is large, having elliptic, oblong with deep-green glossy leaves up to 5–8 cm long and 2–3 cm broad. The flowers are fleshy, dark pink, solitary or in spreading cluster. -
Vademecum Agrovet Market Animal Health
Vademecum Agrovet Market Animal Health We are a Peruvian company focused on the development, production and commercialization of veterinary products, driving its technical and creative development to meet the needs of veterinarians and stock farmers with unique products of high quality. www.agrovetmarket.com Mission l Products of Unique Class Provide veterinary, nutritional and farmaceutical products of unique class; developed in a creative and innovative way, under high standards of quality that allow us to reach international markets and consolidate locally through the formal stablishment of strategical alliances. Antibiotics Line of large animals am Line of companion animals ac Line of poultry and swine av www.agrovetmarket.com Antibiotics ® Agrogenta 11 | Vetigen 11 Injectable Solution Broad-spectrum aminoglycoside Composition: Gentamicin (as sulphate) 110 mg, excipients q.s. ad 1 mL. Indications: Treatment and prevention of infections caused by microorganisms sensitive to gentamicin (of the urogenital, respiratory and gastrointestinal systems). Also useful in cases of mastitis, metritis, post-operatory and cutaneous infections, septicemias, among others.. Dosage and Administration: Cattle, horse, sheep, goat, swine, camelid: 1 mL/27.5 kg of b.w.; young animals, dogs and cats: 1 mL/14 kg; poultry: 0.1 mL/1.4 kg; every 24 hours for 3 to 5 consecutive days by subcutaneous or intramuscular route. Intrauterine or intra-mammary route: Cows: 2 mL diluted in 20 mL of physiological saline solution for 3 to 5 days. Mares: 20 mL diluted in 200 - 500 mL of physiological saline solution for 3 to 5 days (only intrauterine route). Commercial Presentation: Bottle x 100 mL and 250 mL. -
An Overview of Plant Resources and Their Economic Uses in Nigeria
Global Advanced Research Journal of Agricultural Science (ISSN: 2315-5094) Vol. 4(2) pp. 042-067, February, 2015. Available online http://garj.org/garjas/index.htm Copyright © 2015 Global Advanced Research Journals Review An overview of plant resources and their economic uses in Nigeria *Kutama 1, A. S., 1Dangora, I. I., 1Aisha, W. 1Auyo, M. I., 2 Sharif, U. 3Umma, M, and 4Hassan, K. Y. 1Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University, Dutse. P.M.B 7156-Nigeria 2Department of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Kano 3Department of Biology, Kano University of Science &Technology , Wudil . 4 Department of Biology, Sa’adatu Rimi College of Education, Kano Accepted 17 February, 2015 Nigeria is an agrarian country blessed with almost uncountable number of plant species; in water, on land e.t.c. Plants are and remain the indispensable gift of nature given to mankind whose uses were discovered by man even before civilization. This paper reviews some important aspects of plants which include their origin, classification, morphology, as well as economic uses especially in the Nigerian context. It is pertinent therefore that students, researchers as well as readers who are interested in plants would find this paper very educative as it explore majority of plant species and their economic uses in Nigeria. Keyword: plant species, economic uses, taxonomy, morphology, Nigeria. INTRODUCTION Evolution of Plant Over 350 million years ago, the first living organism which mosses, hornworts and liverworts. The bryophytes which resembled a plant appeared. It was the blue - green algae represented the basal group in the evolutionary history of (Cyanophyceae) which lived in the sea and can still be plants may have set the stage for the colonization of the found in many water bodies today. -
Melatonin in Cancer Treatment: Current Knowledge and Future Opportunities
molecules Review Melatonin in Cancer Treatment: Current Knowledge and Future Opportunities Wamidh H. Talib 1,* , Ahmad Riyad Alsayed 1, Alaa Abuawad 2, Safa Daoud 3 and Asma Ismail Mahmod 1 1 Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan; [email protected] (A.R.A.); [email protected] (A.I.M.) 2 Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan; [email protected] 3 Department Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: Melatonin is a pleotropic molecule with numerous biological activities. Epidemiological and experimental studies have documented that melatonin could inhibit different types of cancer in vitro and in vivo. Results showed the involvement of melatonin in different anticancer mecha- nisms including apoptosis induction, cell proliferation inhibition, reduction in tumor growth and metastases, reduction in the side effects associated with chemotherapy and radiotherapy, decreas- ing drug resistance in cancer therapy, and augmentation of the therapeutic effects of conventional anticancer therapies. Clinical trials revealed that melatonin is an effective adjuvant drug to all conventional therapies. This review summarized melatonin biosynthesis, availability from natural sources, metabolism, bioavailability, anticancer mechanisms of melatonin, its use in clinical trials, and pharmaceutical formulation. Studies discussed in this review will provide a solid foundation for researchers and physicians to design and develop new therapies to treat and prevent cancer Citation: Talib, W.H.; Alsayed, A.R.; Abuawad, A.; Daoud, S.; Mahmod, using melatonin. A.I. -
WHO Cannabis Rescheduling and Its Relevance for the Caribbean
Briefing paper August 2020 WHO cannabis rescheduling and its relevance for the Caribbean By Vicki J. Hanson, Pien Metaal and Dania Putri* Executive Summary • Actively engage with CND members, in particular Jamaica, the only English-speaking Following its first-ever critical review of Caribbean member of CND, emphasising cannabis, in January 2019 the World Health the urgent nature of recommendations 5.1 Organization (WHO) issued a collection of formal and 5.4. recommendations to reschedule cannabis and • Actively engage in relevant meetings and cannabis-related substances. 53 member states processes at the CND level, as well as of the Commission on Narcotic Drugs (CND), two emphasising the need for further follow- of which are Caribbean states, are set to vote on these recommendations in December 2020. ups to the critical review. • Actively engage and encourage support from Among the WHO’s recommendations, two other Caribbean governments and other key in particular appear to be the most urgent stakeholders such as CARICOM and OECS, and relevant for Caribbean countries: as well relevant civil society organisations, namely recommendation 5.1 (concerning experts, and affected communities. the acknowledgment of cannabis’ medicinal usefulness) and recommendation 5.4 (concerning Background: Cannabis and the the need to remove the term ‘extracts and UN drug scheduling system tinctures of cannabis’ from the 1961 Convention). Supporting these two recommendations Around the world, most national legislations presents an opportunity for Caribbean relating to the consumption, production, and governments and civil society to decolonise distribution of cannabis and cannabis-related drug control approaches in the region, as well substances are rooted in the current global drug as to strengthen the international legal basis for control system as institutionalised by the three 1 emerging medicinal cannabis programmes in main UN drug conventions. -
Inventaire Et Analyse Chimique Des Exsudats Des Plantes D'utilisation Courante Au Congo-Brazzaville
Inventaire et analyse chimique des exsudats des plantes d’utilisation courante au Congo-Brazzaville Arnold Murphy Elouma Ndinga To cite this version: Arnold Murphy Elouma Ndinga. Inventaire et analyse chimique des exsudats des plantes d’utilisation courante au Congo-Brazzaville. Chimie analytique. Université Paris Sud - Paris XI; Université Marien- Ngouabi (Brazzaville), 2015. Français. NNT : 2015PA112023. tel-01269459 HAL Id: tel-01269459 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01269459 Submitted on 5 Feb 2016 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. UNIVERSITE MARIEN NGOUABI UNIVERSITÉ PARIS-SUD ÉCOLE DOCTORALE 470: CHIMIE DE PARIS SUD Laboratoire d’Etude des Techniques et d’Instruments d’Analyse Moléculaire (LETIAM) THÈSE DE DOCTORAT CHIMIE par Arnold Murphy ELOUMA NDINGA INVENTAIRE ET ANALYSE CHIMIQUE DES EXSUDATS DES PLANTES D’UTILISATION COURANTE AU CONGO-BRAZZAVILLE Date de soutenance : 27/02/2015 Directeur de thèse : M. Pierre CHAMINADE, Professeur des Universités (France) Co-directeur de thèse : M. Jean-Maurille OUAMBA, Professeur Titulaire CAMES (Congo) Composition du jury : Président : M. Alain TCHAPLA, Professeur Emérite, Université Paris-Sud Rapporteurs : M. Zéphirin MOULOUNGUI, Directeur de Recherche INRA, INP-Toulouse M. Ange Antoine ABENA, Professeur Titulaire CAMES, Université Marien Ngouabi Examinateurs : M. -
(12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 9,101,662 B2 Tamarkin Et Al
USOO91 01662B2 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 9,101,662 B2 Tamarkin et al. (45) Date of Patent: *Aug. 11, 2015 (54) COMPOSITIONS WITH MODULATING A61K 47/32 (2013.01); A61 K9/0014 (2013.01); AGENTS A61 K9/0031 (2013.01); A61 K9/0034 (2013.01); A61 K9/0043 (2013.01); A61 K (71) Applicant: Foamix Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Rehovot 9/0046 (2013.01); A61 K9/0048 (2013.01); (IL) A61 K9/0056 (2013.01) (72) Inventors: Dov Tamarkin, Macabim (IL); Meir (58) Field of Classification Search Eini, Ness Ziona (IL); Doron Friedman, CPC ........................................................ A61 K9/12 Karmei Yosef (IL); Tal Berman, Rishon See application file for complete search history. le Ziyyon (IL); David Schuz, Gimzu (IL) (56) References Cited (73) Assignee: Foamix Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Rehovot U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS (IL) 1,159,250 A 11/1915 Moulton (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this 1,666,684 A 4, 1928 Carstens patent is extended or adjusted under 35 1924,972 A 8, 1933 Beckert 2,085,733. A T. 1937 Bird U.S.C. 154(b) by 0 days. 2,390,921 A 12, 1945 Clark This patent is Subject to a terminal dis 2,524,590 A 10, 1950 Boe claimer. 2,586.287 A 2/1952 Apperson 2,617,754 A 1 1/1952 Neely 2,767,712 A 10, 1956 Waterman (21) Appl. No.: 14/045,528 2.968,628 A 1/1961 Reed 3,004,894 A 10/1961 Johnson et al. (22) Filed: Oct. 3, 2013 3,062,715 A 11/1962 Reese et al. -
Medical Cannabis Latin America & Caribbean
MEDICAL CANNABIS LATIN AMERICA & CARIBBEAN SPECIAL REPORT 17 56 59 72 CULTIVATING BUSINESS PHARMACEUTICAL & MEDICAL SERVICES & TECHNOLOGY EVENTS Progressive, inclusive medical CBD popularity is surging across The medical cannabis industry A robust events industry cannabis policies can have a the continent as regulatory is birthing a range of secondary has grown around the significant social impact regimes jump to legalize it services across the region medical cannabis sector Image: Nader Ahmed, IndicaOnline Contents 1 FROM THE EDITOR’S DESK Managing Director LATAM Han Le Regional Director LATAM Federica Fermo Country Managers Blanca Bañares, Giulia Di Loreto THE BUSINESS YEAR: Country Editors Alejandra Gómez Arreola, Juan Pablo Vásquez Pedraza, Juan Manuel Mejía Salazar, Enrique José García, MEDICAL CANNABIS Daniel Alarcón Project Assistant LATIN AMERICA Angie Serrato Chief Executive Officer Ayşe Hazır Valentin Editor-in-Chief & CARIBBEAN Peter Howson Senior Editor Terry Whitlam Writer/Editor SPECIAL REPORT Evan Pheiffer Associate Editor Liz Colavita Chief Sub-Editor Shireen Nisha Sub-Editors Kabir Ahmad, Alia Kıran Editorial Coordinator Belemir Ece Çolak Web Editor Aidan McMahon Web Assistant & Social Media Coordinator Ahsen Durukan Web Developer Volkan Görmüş Assistant Web Developer Zişan Yalçınkaya Analytics Assistant Sena Özcanlı Art Director Emily Zier-Ünlü Junior Art Director Emre Boduç Senior Motion Graphic Designer Serkan Yıldırım he Business Year’s Special Report on market, and as the ideal exporter to its neigh- Motion Graphic Designer Medical Cannabis in Latin America bor and largest cannabis (medical or other- Yiğit Yeşillik T Senior Graphic Designers and the Caribbean is the second entry wise) market, the US, but has yet to clear the fi- Bilge Saka, Şule Kocakavak in our medical cannabis series, building upon nal obstacles in the country’s legal process and Contributors our inaugural report on the Colombian market. -
Illustrated Flora of East Texas Illustrated Flora of East Texas
ILLUSTRATED FLORA OF EAST TEXAS ILLUSTRATED FLORA OF EAST TEXAS IS PUBLISHED WITH THE SUPPORT OF: MAJOR BENEFACTORS: DAVID GIBSON AND WILL CRENSHAW DISCOVERY FUND U.S. FISH AND WILDLIFE FOUNDATION (NATIONAL PARK SERVICE, USDA FOREST SERVICE) TEXAS PARKS AND WILDLIFE DEPARTMENT SCOTT AND STUART GENTLING BENEFACTORS: NEW DOROTHEA L. LEONHARDT FOUNDATION (ANDREA C. HARKINS) TEMPLE-INLAND FOUNDATION SUMMERLEE FOUNDATION AMON G. CARTER FOUNDATION ROBERT J. O’KENNON PEG & BEN KEITH DORA & GORDON SYLVESTER DAVID & SUE NIVENS NATIVE PLANT SOCIETY OF TEXAS DAVID & MARGARET BAMBERGER GORDON MAY & KAREN WILLIAMSON JACOB & TERESE HERSHEY FOUNDATION INSTITUTIONAL SUPPORT: AUSTIN COLLEGE BOTANICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF TEXAS SID RICHARDSON CAREER DEVELOPMENT FUND OF AUSTIN COLLEGE II OTHER CONTRIBUTORS: ALLDREDGE, LINDA & JACK HOLLEMAN, W.B. PETRUS, ELAINE J. BATTERBAE, SUSAN ROBERTS HOLT, JEAN & DUNCAN PRITCHETT, MARY H. BECK, NELL HUBER, MARY MAUD PRICE, DIANE BECKELMAN, SARA HUDSON, JIM & YONIE PRUESS, WARREN W. BENDER, LYNNE HULTMARK, GORDON & SARAH ROACH, ELIZABETH M. & ALLEN BIBB, NATHAN & BETTIE HUSTON, MELIA ROEBUCK, RICK & VICKI BOSWORTH, TONY JACOBS, BONNIE & LOUIS ROGNLIE, GLORIA & ERIC BOTTONE, LAURA BURKS JAMES, ROI & DEANNA ROUSH, LUCY BROWN, LARRY E. JEFFORDS, RUSSELL M. ROWE, BRIAN BRUSER, III, MR. & MRS. HENRY JOHN, SUE & PHIL ROZELL, JIMMY BURT, HELEN W. JONES, MARY LOU SANDLIN, MIKE CAMPBELL, KATHERINE & CHARLES KAHLE, GAIL SANDLIN, MR. & MRS. WILLIAM CARR, WILLIAM R. KARGES, JOANN SATTERWHITE, BEN CLARY, KAREN KEITH, ELIZABETH & ERIC SCHOENFELD, CARL COCHRAN, JOYCE LANEY, ELEANOR W. SCHULTZE, BETTY DAHLBERG, WALTER G. LAUGHLIN, DR. JAMES E. SCHULZE, PETER & HELEN DALLAS CHAPTER-NPSOT LECHE, BEVERLY SENNHAUSER, KELLY S. DAMEWOOD, LOGAN & ELEANOR LEWIS, PATRICIA SERLING, STEVEN DAMUTH, STEVEN LIGGIO, JOE SHANNON, LEILA HOUSEMAN DAVIS, ELLEN D.