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Cerejeira.Pdf Cerejeira Origem: Wikipédia, a enciclopédia livre. Cerejeira Cerejeiras junto à lagoa "Tidal Basin", em Washington, D.C Estado de conservação Segura Classificação científica Reino: Plantae Clado: angiospérmicas Clado: eudicotiledóneas Clado: rosídeas Ordem: Rosales Família: Rosaceae Subfamília: Prunoideae Género: Prunus Subgénero: Cerasus Espécies 1 Cerejeira é o nome dado a várias espécies de árvores originárias da Ásia, algumas frutíferas, outras produtoras de madeira nobre. Estas árvores classificam-se no sub-gênero Cerasus incluído no gênero Prunus (Rosaceae). Os frutos da cerejeira são conhecidos como cerejas, algumas delas comestíveis. As cerejas são frutos pequenos e arredondados que podem apresentar várias cores, sendo o vermelho a mais comum entre as variedades comestíveis. A cereja-doce, de polpa macia e suculenta, é servida ao natural, como sobremesa. A cereja-ácida ou ginja, de polpa bem mais firme, é usada na fabricação de conservas, compotas e bebidas licorosas, como o Kirsch, o Cherry e o Marasquino. As cerejas contém proteínas, cálcio, ferro e vitaminas A, B, e C. Quando consumida ao natural, tem propriedades refrescantes, diuréticas e laxativas. Como a cereja é muito rica em tanino, consumida em excesso pode provocar problemas estomacais, não sendo aconselhável consumir mais de 200 ou 300 gramas da fruta por dia. O cultivo da cerejeira é realizado em regiões frias. Necessitam de 800 a 1000 horas de frio para que possam produzir satisfatoriamente em áreas com Invernos frios e chuvas. Entre as espécies deste gênero estão: • Prunus apetala • Prunus avium - cereja-doce • Prunus campanulata • Prunus canescens • Prunus cerasus - cereja-ácida ou ginja (A famosa ginjinha portuguesa é feita a partir desta espécie). • Prunus concinna • Prunus conradinae • Prunus dielsiana • Prunus emarginata • Prunus fruticosa • Prunus incisa • Prunus litigiosa • Prunus lusitanica - Azereiro 2 • Prunus mahaleb • Prunus maximowiczii • Prunus nipponica • Prunus pensylvanica • Prunus pilosiuscula • Prunus rufa • Prunus sargentii • Prunus serotina • Prunus serrula • Prunus serrulata - (cerejeira-do-japão) • Prunus speciosa • Prunus subhirtella • Prunus tomentosa • Prunus yedoensis • Prunus tomentosa • Prunus campanulata, ou cerejeira de Taiwan, recebe visita de abelha colhendo néctar em São Paulo Flores de cerejeira Outras cerejeiras A amburana é uma árvore brasileira da família Fabaceae, produtora de madeira nobre. 3 O Jatobazeiro Jatobá é uma árvore da familia Fabaceae, produtora de madeira nobre. A cereja-do-rio-grande é uma árvore frutífera brasileira, da família Myrtaceae. O pêssego-do-mato é outra árvore frutífera brasileira da família Myrtaceae. Simbologia Originária da Ásia, na cultura japonesa (chamada de Sakura no ki (桜の木)), sendo o significado de Sakura flor de cerejeira, a cerejeira era associada ao samurai cuja vida era tão efémera quanto a da flor que se desprendia da árvore. Já o fruto tem o significado de sensualidade. Por seu vermelho intenso e maduro, a cereja suculenta é talvez o exemplo mais proeminente. O suco de cereja madura é de tão intenso sabor e cor que tem sido freqüentemente comparado ao primeiro gosto do amor. Na aparência, das cerejas têm sido dito que lembram os lábios de uma amante, e quando mordê- lo em uma cereja, o fruto dá a aparência de sangrar. Há muito tempo existe uma ligação erótica para o fruto da árvore de cereja. Como tatuagem, a cereja representa a castidade feminina e a pureza do amadurecimento da fruta. Uma vez arrancada, no entanto, a cereja representa a perda da inocência e da virtude. Uma cereja provada, sua carne perfurada pelo apetite, não é mais virgem. Uma cereja em chamas fala do desejo insaciável, paixão e luxúria. A flor da cerejeira já foi considerada uma das flores mais belas, tanto pelo seu formato como pela delicadeza e espessura das suas pétalas. Na Índia essa flor é considerada sagrada, e nas casas que tem essa flor nunca falta nada, diz a lenda da flor de cerejeira da Índia. Bibliografia Harri Lorenzi, Árvores Brasileiras, vol. 1, Instituto Plantarum. Disponível em: http://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerejeira 4 Festa das Cerejeiras no Parque do Carmo - São Paulo FESTEJOS No Brasil, são realizadas festividades com muita animação atraindo milhares de turistas e admiradores como no Parque do Carmo-SP, Campos do Jordão, Sakura Home, Horto Florestal do Estado, Garça, Piedade, Suzano, Atibaia, Apucarana-PR, Frei Rogério em Santa Catarina. CARACTERÍSTICAS DA CEREJEIRA Florada de Yukiwari Cerejeira é uma planta que segue rigorosamente o ritual de quatro estações do ano. No inverno após perder as folhas adormecem apenas com os galhos nus. Quando chega a primavera como um estouro, as flores brotam anunciando o amanhecer da primavera como se dissesse com muita vibração e alegria “Pessoal... estou aqui novamente”. Alguns dias depois as pétalas caem e em seu lugar folhagens novas... As folhas se amadurecem e quando chega o outono, o colorido amarelo... vermelho e caem deixando somente galhos, anunciando a chegada do inverno. Assim esta arvore com suas passagens em cada uma das estações tão definidas e tão intensas representa o que há de mais belo da natureza. 5 DICAS DE PLANTIO As cerejeiras são arvores bastante robustas, porém como qualquer planta requer alguns cuidados. As mudas de SAKURA após o replantio demoram de no mínimo 3 a 4 anos para a primeira florada. MULTIPLICAÇÃO • OKINAWA pode obter mudas com sementes. • HIMALAIA costuma dar sementes em abundancia e é de fácil germinação. • YUKIWARI não produz sementes. A multiplicação é feita por estaquias. O PLANTIO • O terreno deve ser bem drenado. • O espaçamento deve ser de no mínimo 7m. • Deve ser abertos covas de no mínimo 1m³ ( 1m x 1m x 1m ) • Colocar terra de boa qualidade com bastante material orgânico já previamente curtido. • Conforme qualidade de terra é recomendável a adubação pelo menos duas vezes ao ano. • Manter a terra umedecida sem encharcar. • CUIDADO COM AS FORMIGAS Disponível em: http://www.flordecerejeira.com.br/ 6 Cerejeira Características A cerejeira, ou pé de cereja, é a árvore responsável pela produção da fruta conhecida como cereja, além desta característica, ela é uma das mais belas árvores conhecidas quando está em sua época de floração. No Japão, país de origem desta árvore, existe uma grande quantidade de exemplares que atraem muitos turistas que viajam milhares de quilômetros para verem a exuberância das copas cobertas de cor-de-rosa. Cultivo A cerejeira pode ser cultivada também como bonsai, para isto é necessário plantio em vaso e bastante cuidado para mantê-la com poucos nutrientes e limitar seu crescimento. Abaixo trataremos apenas do seu cultivo natural no solo e não do bonsai cerejeira. Onde e Como Plantar É um pouco complicado encontrar bons lugares para o plantio da cerejeira no Brasil, uma vez que é uma planta de clima temperado e não florescerá normalmente em lugares onde é quente o ano inteiro. Assim sendo, é uma planta mais aconselhada para pessoas que morem no Sul ou em cidades altas, que possuem invernos mais gelados. O plantio pode ser feito facilmente através de sementes ou mudas prontas, porém antes devemos preparar o solo de forma a obter uma boa drenabilidade e riqueza de nutrientes. Como Cuidar Não se preocupe quando as folhas desta árvore caírem durante o inverno, este é o seu comportamento natural para poupar energias para a primavera. Ao terminar o inverno, pouco antes do período de floração, reforce a fertilidade do solo com um pouco de adubo orgânico e químico NPK rico em fósforo. Não se esqueça de sempre irrigar sua planta periodicamente, mas em hipótese alguma encharque o solo, ou correrá o risco do aparecimento de doenças fúngicas, como a ferrugem. Veja também: 1. Bonsai Romã Anã ou Mini Artigo com descrição das características e informações sobre como cuidar... 2. Flamboyant Trataremos aqui das características, formas de cultivo e plantio de... 3. Bonsai Bougainvíllea Artigo com descrição das características e informações sobre como cuidar... 4. Perpétua ou Amaranto Artigo sobre as características e a forma de cuidar da... 7 1.5. Quaresmeira Rasteira Artigo sobre as características e forma de cultivo da Quaresmeira,... Fotos em "Cerejeira": 8 Disponível em: http://www.cuidar.com.br/cerejeira 9 .
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