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W a Sh in G to N Na Tu Ra L H Er Itag E Pr Og Ra M PROGRAM HERITAGE NATURAL 2021 Washington Vascular Plant Species of Conservation Concern WASHINGTON Walter Fertig Washington Natural Heritage Program August 31, 2021 Natural Heritage Report 2021-04 2021 Washington Vascular Plant Species of Conservation Concern Washington Natural Heritage Program Report Number: 2021-04 August 31, 2021 Walter Fertig Washington Natural Heritage Program Washington Department of Natural Resources Olympia, Washington 98504-7014 . The WNHP Plant Species of Conservation Concern list is also available as an Excel spreadsheet on the Washington Natural Heritage Program website at: https://www.dnr.wa.gov/NHPlists ON THE COVER: Pale larkspur (Delphinium leucophaeum) from Lewis Co., Washington Photograph by: Walter Fertig, WNHP Table of Contents Page Introduction............................................................................................................................. 1 Species Added to 2021 List ………………………………………………………………1 Species Dropped from 2019 List………………………………………………………….1 Nomenclature Changes …………………………………………………………………...1 Species/Common Name …………………………………………………………………..1 Heritage Rank …………………………………………………………………………….2 State Status ………………………………………………………………………………..2 Federal Status ……………………………………………………………………………. 2 Distribution ……………………………………………………………………………….3 County …………………………………………………………………………………….4 Ecoregion …………………………………………………………………………………4 Ecological Systems ……………………………………………………………………….5 Managed Area …………………………………………………………………………….5 Literature Cited ………………………………………………………………………………….. 6 Acknowledgments ..................................................................................................................43 Tables, Figures, and Appendices Table 1. Matrix for classifying species of conservation concern as state of Washington Endangered, Threatened, Sensitive, or Extirpated ……………………………………… 3 Figure 1. Washington counties and ecoregions ………………………………………………… 4 Appendix A. Washington Vascular Plant Species of Conservation Concern ………………….... 7 ii Introduction For more than 40 years the Washington Natural Heritage Program (WNHP) has maintained a list of Washington plant species of conservation concern. Each of these species is ranked at the global and state scale following the standardized protocol of the NatureServe network (Faber- Langendoen et al. 2012). The Species of Conservation Concern help inform conservation decisions relating to rare plants on federal, state, private, and tribal lands (WDNR 2018). The Species of Conservation Concern list is periodically updated as new information becomes available on the status and distribution of rare plants in Washington. The following is an update of the July 2019 list (WNHP 2019). Three species have been dropped from the 2019 list, and 8 have been added. New species are indicated by a * preceding the species name (status changes are underlined for new data or crossed through for newly recognized errors). The 2021 changes are summarized below: Species Added to 2021 List Boechera atrorubens Cryptantha grandiflora Erythranthe scouleri Lomatium klickitatense Nuttallanthus canadensis (split from N. texanus) Pedicularis bracteosa var. siifolia Pinus albicaulis Potentilla jepsonii var. kluanensis Sabulina basaltica Species Dropped from 2019 List Potentilla glaucophylla var. perdissecta: WA reports based on misidentifications Rotala ramosior: More common than once suspected Sporobolus compositus var. compositus: More common than once suspected Nomenclature Changes from 2019 List Synthyris lanuginosa is now Veronica dissecta ssp. lanuginosa Synthyris schizantha is now Veronica schizantha Appendix A contains information on the heritage rank, status, habitat, distribution, and management for each species. The definition and codes for each of these attributes are briefly described below: Species/Common Name: Species are organized alphabetically by their scientific name. Nomenclature mostly follows Hitchcock and Cronquist (2018). Pertinent synonyms are included in parentheses. Common names follow the USDA Plants database (http://plants.usda.gov) or NatureServe (http://explorer.natureserve.org). 1 Heritage Rank: WNHP uses the ranking system developed by NatureServe to assess global and state conservation status of each plant species, subspecies, and variety. Taxa are ranked on a scale of 1 to 5 (from highest to lowest conservation concern). G = Global Rank: rangewide status of a full species T = Trinomial Rank: rangewide status of a subspecies or variety S = State Rank: status of a species, subspecies, or variety within the state of Washington 1 = Critically Imperiled – at very high risk of extirpation due to very restricted range, very few occurrences, very steep declines, very severe threats, or other factors 2 = Imperiled – at high risk of extirpation due to restricted range, few occurrences, steep declines, severe threats, or other factors 3 = Vulnerable – at moderate risk of extirpation due to a fairly restricted range, relatively few occurrences, recent and widespread declines, threats, or other factors 4 = Apparently secure – at fairly low risk of extirpation due to an extensive range or many occurrences, but with possible cause for some concern as a result of local recent declines, threats, or other factors 5 = Secure – at very low risk of extirpation due to a very extensive range, abundant occurrences, and little to no concern from decline or threats H = Historical– known from only historical occurrences (prior to 1978) but still with some hope of rediscovery X = Presumed Extirpated – not relocated since 1978 despite intensive searches and virtually no likelihood of rediscovery U = Unrankable – lack of information or substantially conflicting information about status NR = Not Ranked – rank not assessed yet Q = Questionable – questions exist about the taxonomic validity of a species, subspecies, or variety ? = Questionable – questions exist about the assigned G, T, or S rank of a taxon [ ] = indicates a recommended, but not yet accepted, rank. State Status: Washington state status is assigned by WNHP based on the matrix in Table 1. Categories include: Endang = Endangered, in danger of becoming extinct or extirpated from Washington Threat = Threatened, likely to become Endangered in Washington Sens = Sensitive, vulnerable or declining and could become Threatened or Endangered in Washington Extirp = possibly extinct or extirpated in Washington (includes state historical species) Federal Status: Under the US Endangered Species Act (ESA), the US Fish and Wildlife Service recognizes four categories: Endang = Endangered. A species, subspecies, or variety in danger of extinction throughout all or a significant portion of its range. Threat = Threatened. A species, subspecies, or variety likely to become Endangered in the foreseeable future Prop = Proposed. A species, subspecies, or variety formally proposed for listing as Endangered or Threatened (a proposal has been published in the Federal Register, but not a final rule) 2 Table 1. Matrix for classifying species of conservation concern as state of Washington Endangered, Threatened, Sensitive, or Extirpated. T ranks can apply to any G rank of equal or higher number (i.e. G2T2 or G5T3, but not G1T3). A lower T rank supersedes a higher G rank (ie. G5T3 is scored based on T3). Blended ranks are rounded down (i.e. G2G3 = G2). * indicates a species needs to be evaluated further to determine whether it warrants Sensitive status. Natural Heritage Rank State Status G1/S1, G2/S1, G3/S1, T1/S1, T2S1, T3S1 Endangered G2/S2, G3/S2, T2/S2, T3/S2 Threatened G3/S3*, G4/S1, G4/S2, G4/S3*, G5/S1, G5/S2, G5/S3*, Sensitive T3/S3*, T4/S1, T4/S2, T4/S3*, T5/S1, T5/S2, T5/S3* SH, SX (regardless of G or T rank) Extirpated G4/S3*, G4/S4, G5/S3*, G5/S4, G5/S5, Not of Concern T4/S3*, T4/S4, T5/S4, T5/S5 Cand = Candidate. A species, subspecies, or variety being evaluated by USFWS for potential listing as Threatened or Endangered under the ESA, but no formal proposal has been published yet. The Interagency Special Status and Sensitive Species Program (ISSSSP) of the US Forest Service (USFS) and Bureau of Land Management (BLM) in Washington and Oregon updated its list of Sensitive species in 2021 (ISSSSP 2021). B-Sens = BLM Sensitive; all USFWS candidate and delisted species and WNHP species of concern ranked S1, S1S2, S1S3, S2, or S2S3 found on at least one BLM managed area in Washington. F-Sens = Forest Service Sensitive: all USFWS candidate and delisted species and WNHP species of concern ranked S1, S1S2, S1S3, S2, or S2S3 found on at least one USFS managed area in Washington. Distribution (Dist.) Pattern: Species rarity is often correlated with geographic distribution patterns. The following patterns can be recognized in Washington: LocEnd = Local Endemic; global range of taxon is less than 16,500 km2 or about 1 degree of latitude x 2 degrees of longitude (about the size of an average county) RegEnd = Regional Endemic; global range of taxon is between 16,500 to 250,000 km2 (or an area about the size of the state of Washington) Disjunct = Disjunct; globally widespread but state population is isolated from the main contiguous range by a gap or more than 500 km Periph = Peripheral; globally widespread but Washington population is at the margin of the main contiguous range of the taxon Sparse = Sparse; widely distributed across the state but with relatively few populations (less than 20) Widesp = Widespread; widely distributed globally and in Washington, with more than 20 populations in the state. 3 County: Three-letter codes
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