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W a S H in G T O N N a T U R a L H E R It PROGRAM HERITAGE NATURAL Status of Federally Listed Plant Taxa in Washington State Prepared for WASHINGTON U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Region 1 Prepared by Walter Fertig 28 June 2021 Natural Heritage Report 2021-01 1 Status of Federally Listed Plant Taxa in Washington State Award Number F18AF01216 Report Date: June 28, 2021 Prepared for U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Western Washington Fish and Wildlife Office Region 1 Section 6 funding by Walter Fertig Botanist Washington Natural Heritage Program Washington Department of Natural Resources PO Box 47014 Olympia, WA 98504-7014 ii Cover: Ute ladies’ tresses (Spiranthes diluvialis). Photo by Walter Fertig, WNHP, 22 August 2018. Acknowledgements: Thanks to the following individuals for sharing data, providing reviews, or otherwise helping with this project: Jane Abel, Keith Abel, Jon Bakker, Susan Ballinger, Molly Boyter, Paula Brooks, Tom Brumbelow, Keyna Bugner, Tara Callaway, Jeff Chan, Alex Chmielewski, Karen Colson, Kelly Cordell, Ernie Crediford, Vicki Demetre, Nate Dietrich, Peter Dunwiddie, Ethan Coggins, Matt Fairbarns, Kim Frymire, John Gamon, Wendy Gibble, Rod Gilbert, Bridgette Glass, Sarah Hammon, Jamie Hanson, Anthony Hatcher, John Hill, Jasa Holt, Molly Jennings, Regina Johnson, Tom Kaye, Stacy Kinsell, Jake Kleinknecht, Hailee Leimbach-Maus, Joe LeMoine, Peter Lesica, Laurie Malmquist, Adam Martin, Heidi Newsome, Robert Pelant, Jenifer Penny, Von Pope, Tynan Ramm-Granberg, James Rebholz, Nathan Reynolds, Randi Riggs, Joe Rocchio, Jenny Roman, Mike Rule, Melissa Scholten, Sarah Shank, Mark Sheehan, Jacques Sirois, Karen Stefanyk, Mike Stefanyk, George Thornton, Sheri Whitfield, David Wilderman, and David Woodall. My apologies (and thanks!) to anyone I may have omitted. i Table of Contents Contents Introduction............................................................................................................................ 1 Methods …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…… 2 Discussion and Recommendations ........................................................................................... 3 References .............................................................................................................................. 4 Arenaria paludicola - swamp sandwort (Caryophyllaceae) ....................................................... 6 2020 Research and Monitoring Updates............................................................................... 6 Current Status Summary ...................................................................................................... 8 Castilleja levisecta - golden paintbrush (Orobanchaceae) .......................................................11 2020 Research and Monitoring Updates..............................................................................11 Current Status Summary .................................................................................................... 33 Eriogonum codium - Umtanum desert buckwheat (Polygonaceae) ......................................... 39 2020 Research and Monitoring Updates............................................................................. 39 Current Status Summary .................................................................................................... 48 Hackelia venusta - showy stickseed (Boraginaceae) ............................................................... 51 2020 Research and Monitoring Updates............................................................................. 51 Current Status Summary .................................................................................................... 52 Howellia aquatilis - water howellia (Campanulaceae) ........................................................... 56 2020 Research and Monitoring Updates............................................................................. 56 Current Status Summary .................................................................................................... 60 Lomatium bradshawii - Bradshaw's lomatium (Apiaceae)..................................................... 64 2020 Research and Monitoring Updates............................................................................. 64 Current Status Summary .................................................................................................... 66 Lupinus oreganus var. kincaidii - Kincaid's lupine (Fabaceae) ............................................... 70 2020 Research and Monitoring Updates............................................................................. 70 Current Status Summary .................................................................................................... 70 Physaria douglasii ssp. tuplashensis - White Bluffs bladderpod (Brassicaceae)....................... 75 2020 Research and Monitoring Updates............................................................................. 75 Current Status Summary .................................................................................................... 77 Sidalcea nelsoniana - Nelson's checker-mallow (Malvaceae)................................................. 81 2020 Research and Monitoring Updates............................................................................. 81 ii Current Status Summary .................................................................................................... 82 Sidalcea oregana var. calva - Wenatchee Mountains checkermallow (Malvaceae) .................. 85 2020 Research and Monitoring Updates............................................................................. 85 Current Status Summary .................................................................................................... 87 Silene spaldingii - Spalding's catchfly (Caryophyllaceae) ........................................................ 91 2020 Research and Monitoring Updates............................................................................. 91 Current Status Summary .................................................................................................... 95 Spiranthes diluvialis - Ute ladies' tresses (Orchidaceae) ...................................................... 102 2020 Research and Monitoring Updates........................................................................... 102 Current Status Summary .................................................................................................. 104 Figures 1. Model of potential habitat of Arenaria paludicola in Washington ………………………………….. 7 2. Abundance of native and introduced populations of Castilleja levisecta in Washington from 2004 to 2020……………………………………………………………………………………………… 13 3. Change in abundance of all populations (native and out-planted) of Castilleja levisecta across its global range from 2005 to 2020 …………………………………………………………….. 14 4. Change in abundance of the 12 largest Castilleja levisecta populations in Oregon and Washington over time ………………………………………………………………...…...………………… 24 5. Drought in Washington from 2000-2021 ……………………………………………………………………. 30 6. Eriogonum codium population trend from demographic plots at Umtanum Ridge, 1997- 2020 ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 41 7. Potential habitat model for Eriogonum codium in central Washington ………………………….. 47 8. Total number of reproductive plants of Physaria douglasii ssp. tuplashensis from north half of White Bluffs, 1997-2020 ………………………………………………………….………………. 76 9. Estimated number of reproductive plants of Physaria douglasii ssp. tuplashensis at north end of White Bluffs, 1997-2020 ........................................................................................ 77 10. Silene spaldingii occurrences and Key Conservation Areas in Washington …………............. 97 11. Life history model of Spiranthes diluvialis ………………………………………………………………… 105 Tables 1. Federally listed vascular plant taxa in Washington, 2020 ……...……………………………………….. 1 2. Key to Natural Heritage ranks and status……………….…………………………………………………………2 3. Reported and Confirmed locations for Arenaria paludicola in Washington…………………….... 8 4. 2019-2020 counts of extant native and out-planted populations of Castilleja levisecta in Washington…………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 12 5. Counted and extrapolated totals for all extant native Castilleja levisecta populations between 1980 and 2020……………………………………………………………………………………… 15 6. Out-planted populations of Castilleja levisecta in Washington ……………………………………… 18 7. 2018-2020 counts of flowering plants in introduced populations of Castilleja levisecta in Oregon……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 20 8. Native and out-planted populations of Castilleja levisecta in Washington, British iii Columbia, and Oregon that are abandoned, historical, or extirpated ………………………. 21 9. Minimum, maximum, long-term average, and 5-year average population counts for all extant native and outplanted Castilleja levisecta populations ………………………………. 28 10. Eriogonum codium demographic plot and census data from 1995-2020……………………… 40 11. Yearly population numbers and survival of Eriogonum codium plants in monitoring transects from 1997 to 2020………………………………………………………………………………… 42 12. Eriogonum codium census data ……………………………………………………………………………….. 45 13. Population estimates for Hackelia venusta in Tumwater Canyon ………………………………… 52 14. Location data for Howellia aquatilis in Washington…..………………………………………………… 57 15. Monitoring and census data for Lomatium bradshawii at Lacamas Prairie NAP, Washington, from 1998-2020……………………………..…………………………………………………
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