Sero-Prevalence of Foot-And-Mouth Disease in Small Ruminants Under Contrasting Husbandry Practises in Uganda

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Sero-prevalence of foot-and-mouth disease in small ruminants under contrasting husbandry practises in Uganda Sheila Nina Balinda 1* , Charles Masembe 1, Kirsten Tjørnehøj3 , Abraham Sangula 1, Frank Mwiine 2, Chris Ayebazibwe 2, Rose Ademun 2, Søren Alexandersen 3 Hans Siegismund 4, Vincent Muwanika 1 National Veterinary Institute INTRODUCTION FMD In Uganda • Endemic • Serotypes O, A, C , SAT 1, 2 and 3 • Cattle and African buffalo (SAT 3) • Scanty information on FMD situation in goats and sheep • Outbreaks OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY • Sero-prevalence of FMD in small ruminants and the serotypes involved • Determine if any difference exists in the prevalence rates under the different farming practises MATERIALS AND METHODS • Selected Districts 31° 33° 35° 4° S U D A N 4° N - Kasese (3,389.9 Sq. Km.) : District boundary International boundary - Animal population Open water 2° 2° t O G r e N b O l C A - Game park C I F T O e A k Lake Kyoga R C I a C L L O B M U E P D E - Communal grazing R K E N Y A KASESE 0° 0° • Bushenyi(4,292.6 sq. km.) : KIRUHURA BUSHENYI MBARARA - Animal population L a k e V i c t o r i a KABINGO Location of Uganda in Africa T A N Z A N I A - Gamepark 0 50 Kilometers - Paddock system. 31° 33° 35° U g a n d a Sampling Plan Survey tool box(http://www.ausvet.com.au/surveillance/toolbox.htm ) was used to compute the sample size for each animal category in the respective districts Samples collected District Sera collected Animal species Goats Sheep Bushenyi 147 129 18 Kasese 199 143 56 Total 346 272 74 METHODS • FMDV 3ABC non structural protein (NSP) - Cedi • FMDV type O structural protein (SP) - Cedi • FMDV serotyping using SPCE in house ELISA from Lindholm • Data analysed using MS excel RESULTS BUSHENYI DISTRICT SHEEP No. No. Animals No. No. Animals Overall prevalence = 0% Overall prevalence = 0% KASESE DISTRICT Goats Sheep No. No. Animals No. No. Animals Overall prevalence 13% Overall prevalence 21% FMD Serotypes in animals with high level of FMDV antibodies FMD Serotype No. of Animals Goats Sheep O 5 7 SAT 1 4 2 SAT 2 9 2 SAT 3 4 5 CONCLUSIONS 1. Although ignored in FMD control strategies, goats and sheep are sero-positive for FMD in Uganda 2. Serotypes identified are type O, SAT 1, 2 and 3 3. Husbandry practises may affect FMD sero- prevalence in FMD endemic situation.

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