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The Transport System of Medieval England and Wales
THE TRANSPORT SYSTEM OF MEDIEVAL ENGLAND AND WALES - A GEOGRAPHICAL SYNTHESIS by James Frederick Edwards M.Sc., Dip.Eng.,C.Eng.,M.I.Mech.E., LRCATS A Thesis presented for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Salford Department of Geography 1987 1. CONTENTS Page, List of Tables iv List of Figures A Note on References Acknowledgements ix Abstract xi PART ONE INTRODUCTION 1 Chapter One: Setting Out 2 Chapter Two: Previous Research 11 PART TWO THE MEDIEVAL ROAD NETWORK 28 Introduction 29 Chapter Three: Cartographic Evidence 31 Chapter Four: The Evidence of Royal Itineraries 47 Chapter Five: Premonstratensian Itineraries from 62 Titchfield Abbey Chapter Six: The Significance of the Titchfield 74 Abbey Itineraries Chapter Seven: Some Further Evidence 89 Chapter Eight: The Basic Medieval Road Network 99 Conclusions 11? Page PART THREE THr NAVIGABLE MEDIEVAL WATERWAYS 115 Introduction 116 Chapter Hine: The Rivers of Horth-Fastern England 122 Chapter Ten: The Rivers of Yorkshire 142 Chapter Eleven: The Trent and the other Rivers of 180 Central Eastern England Chapter Twelve: The Rivers of the Fens 212 Chapter Thirteen: The Rivers of the Coast of East Anglia 238 Chapter Fourteen: The River Thames and Its Tributaries 265 Chapter Fifteen: The Rivers of the South Coast of England 298 Chapter Sixteen: The Rivers of South-Western England 315 Chapter Seventeen: The River Severn and Its Tributaries 330 Chapter Eighteen: The Rivers of Wales 348 Chapter Nineteen: The Rivers of North-Western England 362 Chapter Twenty: The Navigable Rivers of -
Crouch and Roach Estuary Management Plan
THE CROUCH AND ROACH ESTUARY MANAGEMENT PLAN THE CROUCH AND ROACH ESTUARY IS REMOTE AND BEAUTIFUL IT HAS A CHARM OF ITS OWN AND IT DESERVES TO BE CHERISHED Choose a greener Essex. Eating local food reduces greenhouse gas emissions and supports our local economy. Find out more about a greener Essex - visit http://www.agreeneressex.net Page nos. CONTENTS 1- 4 A. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS AND FOREWORD 5 - 7 A.1. Foreword by Councillor John Jowers, Cabinet Member for Localism, Essex County Council A.2. acknowledgements B. THE VISION AND OBJECTIVES 8 - 9 B.1. The Vision B.2. The Principle Objectives Guiding the Crouch and Roach Estuary Management Plan C. INTRODUCTION 10-14 C.1. The Crouch and Roach Estuary System C.2. Integrated Coastal Zone Management C.3. Essex Estuary Management Plans C.4. The Crouch and Roach Estuary Management Plan C.5. Aims of the Crouch and Roach Estuary Management Plan C.6. Crouch and Roach Estuary Management Plan – Geographical Area Covered C.7. The Crouch and Roach Estuary Project Partners C.8. The Wider Context D. ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK AND LEGAL STATUS 15-18 D.1. Implementation D.2. Links with Existing Strategies D.3. Resource D.4. Monitoring and Evaluation E. LAND OWNERSHIP 19-21 E.1. Total Length of Coastline in kilometres E.2. Crouch Harbour Authority Holding E.3. Crown Estates Property E.4. Ministry of Defence Estates E.5. Other Identified Riverbed Owners E.6. Foreshore Ownership F. THE NATURAL ENVIRONMENT AND NATURE CONSERVATION 22-27 F.1. Designations and Protected Areas F.2. -
ESSEX L 2 ESSEX
• ESSEX is one of the metropolitan ,hil'es and takes its The Thames flows through London to the :Sorth Sea, name· from the commonwealth of the }:a:O;t .Saxons (one h;n-iug several quay~, but no great haven on the Essex • of tbe English hordes which settled in South Britain), shore, and the limits of the port of London extend to and of which Mid<lle;ex, London anu Hertfordshire after- . Haveugore creek in this county. The Lee, and its head, wards furmeu part. _\fter the }:usl<arrlian,; and Celts ' the Stort, are navigable, pa.;;sing through Bishop Stort had been driven out, }:s<e:>: was held by the Belgic tribe furd, Harlow and \Valtham Abbey; the Roding rises in of the Trinobantes until the Roman inroad. Of the 1 Easton Park, near Dunrnow, and flows south for about 36 Romans it wa_o; a great :seat and here wa.s- their city uf \ ntile,; past Ongar to llford, where it becomes- navigable, Camulodunun1. The 1\'Plch, again becoming nla.-;ters, ] and, pa~sing Barking, joins the 'l,hame~: the Bourne were driven out by the }~ast Saxon:-;. The chief dans ~ hrook, 12 n1iles long-, falls into the Than1es at Dagenham: concerned in the ~ettlen1ent u·ere the-· 'rilling, Halling, the Ingerbuurne rise5 in South lVeald and falls into the_ . Denning, Thnrring, BPmrin~, Billing, Htll'uing, ~Ianning, Than1es near Uainham: the Marditch, 12 mile3> long; Totting, Bucking- ~and lhumiug, being the smue as tlwse fo1·ms a creek at Purfieet: the Crouch, 25 miles long, engaged in the settlement of East .!uglia. -
13/00370/FUL, Shellfish Packing Station, Fambridge
DEVELOPMENT COMMITTEE – 22 August 2013 Item 5 13/00370/FUL FORMER SHELLFISH PACKING STATION, FAMBRIDGE ROAD, SOUTH FAMBRIDGE CHANGE USE OF PART OF NORTHERN BUILDING TO USE FOR STORAGE ANCILLARY TO CAR REPAIR USE, LAYOUT CAR PARKING, STORE EXCAVATOR AND STORAGE CONTAINER WITH HARDSTANDING APPLICANT: AUTOVAL LTD. ZONING: METROPOLITAN GREEN BELT PARISH: ASHINGDON WARD: ASHINGDON AND CANEWDON 1 PLANNING APPLICATION DETAILS 1.1 The proposal relates to the former shellfish packing station located at the far northern end of Fambridge Road within the open land next to the sea wall to the River Crouch. 1.2 The site currently benefits from a B2 use allowing general industrial use but to only the front southern part of the buildings. 1.3 The proposal would change the use of the remaining part of the buildings on the northern side of the site adjoining the base of the sea wall to storage ancillary to the B2 use. 1.4 The proposal also includes the provision of a storage container on a hardstanding to the east of the building and also the storage of an excavator. The layout of the site shows provision of an area for 13 car parking spaces shown to the south west corner of the site. 1.5 Some cars following accident damage are written off but may still be road worthy. The applicants repair and refurbish such damaged cars for export. The applicants also recover parts from those damaged vehicles also for export. A minor proportion of car shells or parts that cannot be re–used are taken away from the site in the container. -
SOUTH ESSEX F T, ! 7
:: ; i f - SOUTH ESSEX f T, ! 7. CATCHMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN CONSULTATION REPORT ‘I V / • W ISlEOt GI 'A1MOUTH * mEtiotouot < • M U C H IOWRTOH. • umtmc • Etf • HUNT1NGOON 1 • IE W O M ) \ IfSW KM NRA . M U 'O N KEYHEj ; 'UtWICH COICHESIEI* National Rivers Authority V CUC TOH OK SEA (HELMSEOIO Anglian Region IBILLERICA* ^ g Jj»«H A M OM«ctoucH t JW UNW '»ju(|THENOOtl su NOVEMBER 1995 CATCHMENT KEY DETAILS GENERAL Land Area 1841.54 km2 Groundwater WATER Population 1990 678,000 N o additional water available RESOURCES Projected to year 2001 694,000 Surface Water Main Towns and Populations N o additional summer water. Limited winter Southend-on-Sea water availaBle suBject to cessation (Municipal Borough) 167,200 conditions to safeguard the water Canvey Island 35,600 environment and other w’ater users. Basildon (Municipal Borough) 96,400 Stanford-le Hope/Benfleet/ PuBlic Water Supply ABstractions Hadleigh/Thundersley 49,600 Essex & Suffolk Water: There are two Chalk Corringham 32,300 puBlic water supply aBstractions in the Grays 48,100 catchment. These are located at Linford and Rayleigh 28,000 Stifford, and are licensed to aBstract 3728 (Data from Essex County Council, Planning Department) M l/a(l M l/a= 1 million litres) ADMINISTRATIVE County Council: Length of Designated Main River FLOOD DEFENCE DETAILS Essex Fluvial 313.6 km Tidal 101.4 km Borough/District Councils: Length of Main River EmBankment Basildon Brentwood Fluvial 4.5 km Castle Point Chelmsford Length of NRA Tidal Defences 145.4 km Maldon Rochford Area at risk from tidal flooding 97.5 km2 Southend-on-Sea Thurrock Area at risk from fluvial flooding 27.1 knr Unitary Authority: The Anglian Region of the NRA has no NAVIGATION London Borough of Havering statutory Navigation responsiBility within this plan area. -
45 Agricultural Land Use. at These Sites, Such As North and South
agricultural land use. At these sites, such as North and South Fambridge, Bridgmarsh Island and parts of Northey Island, where the sediment thickness are greater, a complex system of anastomising (connecting) creeks are superimposing upon the rectilinear network (Figure 3.4). Natural marshes in the Severn Estuary are characterised by relatively very low creek densities and the formation of stepped series of cliffed margins forming terrace sequences of marshes of varying ages (Figure 3.1). Natural unmanaged-retreat sites within this region, some of which may date back to the 16th century (Allen 2000), possess this regionally-typical ‘tabular’, very low density creek network system morphology (Figure 3.5). A study by Crooks and Pye (2000) found that, while all the marshes in these south-west and south-east regions consisted of similar muds, there were considerable differences in terms of the density and other related geotechnical properties of the sediments. In the Severn Estuary, the marshes terraces were found to contain well drained, high density and high (undrained shear) strength sediments that were very resistant to erosive forces. Over in south-east England, by contrast, marshes of similar age were found to be very poorly drained with low density and low strength sediments. These sediments were thus relatively less resistant to erosion by waves and the local tidal system. What is more, on sampled naturally-restored marsh sites the underlying former land-claimed marsh was found to be heavily consolidated and to form an aquaclude (ie a barrier to water), thus increasing the drainage problems within the developing marsh. -
Althorne to North Fambridge
ALTHORNE TO NORTH FAMBRIDGE NEAR NORTH FAMBRIDGE Blue House Farm Nature Reserve (which is a Site of Special Scientific COASTAL WALK Interest), encompasses 660 acres of coastal grazing marsh, and is managed by the Essex Wildlife Trust. It is home to a wide variety of coastal wildlife, as well as being a working farm. To the east of the LINEAR WALK public footpath there is a permissive footpath which goes to the three bird hides on the reserve. In the spring, lapwing, redshank Long walk with uneven or muddy ground. Walking boots recommended. and avocet can be seen in the flooded fields. In summer, the reserve supports large numbers of a few species of butterflies, including small heath, common blue and meadow brown. In the autumn and winter, large numbers of brent geese arrive from early November and stay until the START 2 5.65 end of March. Wading birds winter here, including golden plover, curlew, black tailed godwit, ALTHORNE HOURS MILES dunlin, lapwing and redshank. STATION The Ferry Boat Inn dates back to either the late 15th century or early 16th century. It was originally built as two or three cottages. It is not known when it was converted to an inn, but OVERVIEW records indicate that it originally formed part of the estate buildings of the owner of the Manor House. In 1591, Queen Elizabeth I granted North Fambridge Manor to Christopher Osborne, A picturesque 5.65 mile linear walk along the coast Member of Parliament for Helston. His father, Peter Osborne, owned South Fambridge Hall, just between the villages of Althorne and North Fambridge; across the river. -
Meeting of the South Essex Parking Partnership Sub Committee (Tro Objections)
MEETING OF THE SOUTH ESSEX PARKING PARTNERSHIP SUB COMMITTEE (TRO OBJECTIONS) 14 February 2019 MARCONI ROOM, CIVIC CENTRE, CHELMSFORD CITY COUNCIL COMMENCING AT 10.00 AGENDA 1. Welcome by Chairman of the Sub Committee 2. Apologies for absence 3. Minutes of the meeting on 6 December 2018 4. Consider representations against proposed TRO for Leamington Road, Cheltenham Road and Tonbridge Road, Hockley, Rochford 5. Consider representations against proposed TRO for Plumberow Avenue, Wimhurst Close and The Acorns, Hockley. 6. Consider representations against proposed TRO for Queens Road and Broad Oak Way, Rayleigh. 7. Consider representations against proposed TRO for Heron Gardens Rayleigh 8. Any other business Page 1 of 62 South Essex Parking STR06 -6 6December - 2018 - 6 - - 6 -676 - 6 -16 MINUTES of the SOUTH ESSEX PARKING PARTNERSHIP (TRAFFIC REGULATION ORDERS) SUB-COMMITTEE on 6 December 2018 at 3.15pm Present: Councillor Ron Pratt (Chairman) Maldon District Council Councillor Jon Cloke Brentwood Borough Council Councillor Paul Varker Castle Point Council In attendance: Nick Binder Chelmsford City Council Karen Bomford Maldon District Council Trudie Bragg Castle Point Council William Butcher Chelmsford City Council Andrew Clay Chelmsford City Council Brian Mayfield Chelmsford City Council Heather Smith Basildon Borough Council 1. Welcome The Chairman welcomed those present. 2. Apologies and Substitutions There were no apologies for absence. 3. Minutes and Matters Arising The minutes of the meeting of the Sub-Committee on 8 August 2018 were confirmed as a correct record. There were no matters of business arising. 4. The South Essex Parking Partnership (Maldon District) (Permitted Parking Area and Special Parking Area) (Amendment No. -
South Essex Strategic Flood Risk Assessment Level 1
South Essex Level 1 Strategic Flood Risk Assessment Final Report April 2018 Project Number: 60532482 60532482 Final Report April 2018 AECOM South Essex Level 1 Strategic Flood Risk Assessment Page i Quality information Prepared by Checked by Approved by Hannah Booth Sarah Kelly Carl Pelling Graduate Water Consultant Regional Director Associate Joanna Bolding Hydrology Consultant Amy Ruocco Senior Consultant Revision History Revision Revision date Details Authorized Name Position v1 November 2017 Draft for Comment 03/11/2017 Sarah Kelly Regional Director v2 April 2018 Final 27/04/2018 Carl Pelling Associate Director Prepared for: Basildon Borough Council, Castle Point Borough Council, Rochford District Council, Southend-on-Sea Borough Council, and Essex County Council. AECOM Limited Midpoint Alencon Link Basingstoke Hampshire RG21 7PP UK T: +44(0)1256 310200 aecom.com © 2018 AECOM Limited. All Rights Reserved. This document has been prepared by AECOM Limited (“AECOM”) for sole use of our client (the “Client”) in accordance with generally accepted consultancy principles, the budget for fees and the terms of reference agreed between AECOM and the Client. Any information provided by third parties and referred to herein has not been checked or verified by AECOM, unless otherwise expressly stated in the document. No third party may rely upon this document without the prior and express written agreement of AECOM. 60532482 Final Report April 2018 AECOM South Essex Level 1 Strategic Flood Risk Assessment Page ii Table of Contents Glossary of Terms -
Rochford District Council Minutes
INDEX 1991 January - December Mrial Masts 470,534 klarm SystQg Dispersed Alarm Systems 62,145 Allotments Relocation of Lower Wyburns Farm 77 Allotment Competition 1991 353,477 Whitehouse Chase Allotment Site 536,629 Anglian Water Services Ltd Sewerage Embargo - Restriction on Development 23,437 Paying for Water - Consultation 58 Progress Report and Future Attendance 178 Major Projects 179 Sewerage - South Fambridge 250 Hosepipe Ban 266 Sewerage Embargo - Restriction on Development 437 Flooding 528 Misociation of District Councils Motions for Debate at ACM 19,35,110,284 Oil Refineries Sub-Committee 251 Nominations 279(B) Co-Opt Places to Committees 297 The Hestletine Review - Enhancing the Standing of Local Government 414 Register of Members Pecuniary Interest 415 Mid it Investigation into Office Procedures 27 Audit of Accounts 1989/90 105(i) commission Report on Contract Supervision 190(D),204 1' I !I!II I I British Rail British Rail Liaison 416 Budqet 1991/92 Budget Strategy 1992/93 282,332,351,376,404,451,555,561,618, 654 Priority Budgeting 404,555,618 1992/93 — contracts 630,660 1992/93 — Leisure Services Committee 639 1992/93 - Development Services Committee 641 1992/93 - Health & Housing Committee 642 1993/94 654 Standard Spending Assessment 73,192 Capital Programme 1991/92 11 Social Services, Capital Expenditure Plan 1992/97 494 Caravan Sites Variation of Site Licence - Brandy Hole Club 146 Breaches of Site Licence Conditions 149,212,344,394,493 Spacing of Caravans - Progress Report 344,498 Caravan Site Greenacres, Park Gardens, -
Rochford District Council Minutes
INDEX 1991 January - December Mrial Masts 470,534 klarm SystQg Dispersed Alarm Systems 62,145 Allotments Relocation of Lower Wyburns Farm 77 Allotment Competition 1991 353,477 Whitehouse Chase Allotment Site 536,629 Anglian Water Services Ltd Sewerage Embargo - Restriction on Development 23,437 Paying for Water - Consultation 58 Progress Report and Future Attendance 178 Major Projects 179 Sewerage - South Fambridge 250 Hosepipe Ban 266 Sewerage Embargo - Restriction on Development 437 Flooding 528 Misociation of District Councils Motions for Debate at ACM 19,35,110,284 Oil Refineries Sub-Committee 251 Nominations 279(B) Co-Opt Places to Committees 297 The Hestletine Review - Enhancing the Standing of Local Government 414 Register of Members Pecuniary Interest 415 Mid it Investigation into Office Procedures 27 Audit of Accounts 1989/90 105(i) commission Report on Contract Supervision 190(D),204 1' I !I!II I I British Rail British Rail Liaison 416 Budqet 1991/92 Budget Strategy 1992/93 282,332,351,376,404,451,555,561,618, 654 Priority Budgeting 404,555,618 1992/93 — contracts 630,660 1992/93 — Leisure Services Committee 639 1992/93 - Development Services Committee 641 1992/93 - Health & Housing Committee 642 1993/94 654 Standard Spending Assessment 73,192 Capital Programme 1991/92 11 Social Services, Capital Expenditure Plan 1992/97 494 Caravan Sites Variation of Site Licence - Brandy Hole Club 146 Breaches of Site Licence Conditions 149,212,344,394,493 Spacing of Caravans - Progress Report 344,498 Caravan Site Greenacres, Park Gardens, -
The Crouch Coast
EXPLORE THE BEAUTY BURNHAM ON CROUCH OF THE CROUCH COAST EXPLORE THE BEAUTY OF Burnham On Crouch lies on the north bank of the River Crouch, extends to the mouth of the river THE CROUCH COAST and includes a number of hamlets. It has been a ferry port and later as a fishing port known for its oyster beds. Most recently the town is a renowned centre for east coast yachting. There are many listed buildings in the town, including the Grade II listed Royal Corinthian Yacht Club. It is the principal settlement in the wider Dengie peninsula area meaning it has facilities that are normally uncommon in small towns. These include a wide variety of eating places. Its railway station represents a vital transport link on a single-line branch from Wickford, with direct services to and from London Liverpool Street. It has one of the earliest established cinemas in the county. LOCAL ATTRACTIONS: MANGAPPS RAILway MUSEUM www.mangapps.co.uk The Mangapps Railway Museum is a heritage ANNUAL EVENTS: railway centre located on the outskirts of Rochford - 10k run - Sunday beginning of May Burnham-on-Crouch. The .75 miles of standard Cold Norton - Beer Festival in May gauge demonstration train-track and museum Burnham - Art Trail - the last week in June are owned and operated by the Jolly family assisted by volunteers. To operate the line the Cold Norton - village sports day in June. Railway has 18 steam and diesel locomotives Hockley - Art Trail - 1st week in July and over 80 carriages and wagons, some of Wild Woods, Hockley - first Saturday in June considerable historic and technical interest.