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UnstoppaUnstoppabble!le! How Ricardo helped turn Hummer’s military legend into a mighty SUV for the civilian market InterIntervieviewsws Carlos Ghosn, Nissan Martin Leach, Ford SoftwSoftwararee Version 5 expands Winter 2002/2003003 the WAVE envelope Delphi diesel technology. More responsive to the driver. More responsible to the planet. Delphi’s EUI and EUP products are sophisticated, electronically controlled high-pressure systems that can help everyone breathe a little easier. By managing the precise timing and fuel quantity required for each cylinder, these intelligent injection systems provide immediate responsiveness for drivers while lowering emissions and helping improve fuel economy — for all of us. Let’s work together to clear the air. Visit www.delphi.com. contents 16 Winter 2002/2003 8 14 6 NEWS FEATURES QUESTIONS & ANSWERS Industry update 4 Hummer H2 8 Nissan Motor Company: Detroit Show: Cadillac’s awesome V16; GM GM’s first application of the legendary Carlos Ghosn 6 embraces hybrids for production; Ford Hummer name for civilian use had to match Architect of one of the most spectacular celebrates centenary with sustainable the military icon’s spectacular all-terrain revivals ever witnessed in the auto hydrogen concept, and Ricardo chief ability and beat today’s luxury SUVs for business, Carlos Ghosn presides over what executive Rodney Westhead salutes comfort too – all within a record 16-month is now the world’s most profitable volume Hummer in his welcome message timescale. GM turned to Ricardo for chassis, carmaker. Julian Rendell asks Nissan’s driveline and vehicle engineering expertise – celebrated leader about the secrets of the News from Ricardo 20 and Jeremy Burne tells the story of a turnaround, and what the future holds Ricardo signs historic accord with Japan’s spectacular success Horiba; i-MoGen scoops key technology Ford of Europe: award; Detroit Technology Campus opens Software update 14 Martin Leach 16 for business; Ricardo chairman WAVE v5 is the most significant software One-time development engineer Martin Sir Noel Davies completes centenary development project ever carried out by Leach has raced through the Ford ranks to London-Brighton run in 100-year-old car Ricardo, making it the most comprehensive become European president and CEO – engine performance simulation package on and is now responsible for bringing 45 new offer. Anthony Smith reports models to market in five years. Tony Lewin asked him about the daunting Transforming transmissions 18 challenges that lie ahead The Ricardo transmissions business is poised for rapid expansion, with high-profile clients and an ever-stronger presence in top-level motorsport Ricardo enquiries: UK: +44 (0) 1273 455611 Business development: [email protected] USA: +1 (734) 397 6666 Head office: Ricardo plc, Bridge Works, Germany: +49 (0) 711 806082-20 Shoreham-by-Sea, West Sussex Czech Republic: +42 0296331150 BN43 5FG, United Kingdom Conceived and produced for Ricardo by TwoTone Media Ltd Editor: Tony Lewin TwoTone Media Ltd contacts: Contributors: Julian Rendell, Jeremy Burne, Anthony Smith [email protected] Lucienne Brown, Anthony Smith Tony Lewin [email protected] Winter 2002/3 Ricardo Quarterly Review 3 ● in brief Detroit split on hybrids CAFÉ tightens on US light trucks The White House has given the New technology programmes green light to long-awaited at January’s North American proposals for tighter light-truck International Auto Show reveal fuel consumption standards in sharply differing visions of how the US. Under the proposals, engine design will evolve in the 2005 models would have to near future. average 21.0 mpg, compared General Motors, in a major with the 20.1 which has been in change of strategy, has opted force since 1996. 2006 models for gasoline-electric hybrids in will have to achieve 21.6 mpg, a bid to improve fuel efficiency. and 2007 versions 22.2. President and CEO Rick Wagoner unveiled three hybrid Driver-assist systems come powertrain families, raising the closer possibility of one million sales The European market for by 2007. driver-assist systems such as Ford threw a more Rick Wagoner night vision and intelligent speculative engine concept announces GM’s hybrid cruise control will be worth 1.4 into the ring, with its programme (above); billion by 2010, according to supercharged, hydrogen- Lexus Hybrid Synergy Frost & Sullivan. Already, BMW fuelled Model U seen, like Drive is performance has shown details of its GM’s hybrids, as a bridge oriented (right) ConnectedDrive plan, which between today’s piston- includes online parking space engined vehicles and the fuel reservation, programmed cell models of the next decade. the Dodge Durango light truck. electric motor assist to boost parking, active accelerator DaimlerChrysler, for its part, GM’s Rick Wagoner also its composite fuel efficiency by pedal and alertness monitor. declared its faith in the diesel conceded that the extra cost of up to 50 per cent, while for engine as the most realistic hybrids would be “several smaller models from 2006 a Fuel cell car struggles with and cost-effective route to thousand dollars more than single, belt-driven assist motor cost and weight reduced fuel consumption in conventional vehicles”. The will combine with VTi trans- GM’s pioneering fuel cell the North American market. three propulsion systems mission to reduce consumption vehicle, the Hy-Wire, is facing Launching the diesel version of would, he said, help explore by nearly 15 per cent. formidable cost and weight the Jeep Liberty (Cherokee in the market for the technology. Toyota, currently the world’s hurdles, according to GM vice Europe), Chrysler group CEO The first of the three leading producer of hybrid president for R&D, Larry Burns. Dieter Zetsche said that the systems to be offered will be vehicles, revealed gasoline- Quoted in Automotive News extra cost and weight of an integrated starter-generator electric versions of its new Europe, Burns said the model hybrids meant that they had on large pickups from late Highlander and Lexus RX300 was still too heavy, at 1900kg. not shown a strong, convincing 2003 for fleet custiomers and luxury SUVs. The 4WD Nevertheless, GM still believes business case. from 2004 for retail buyers. In platform is already used by the 2010 volume build target to Last year, Chrysler cancelled 2005 the Saturn Vue will Toyota for its limited-run FCHV be feasible. plans for a hybrid version of include the option of dual fuel cell vehicle. MINI scoops US award The BMW-group MINI Cooper has been voted Car of the Year Luxury boom sparks technology war 2003 by a panel of American motoring journalists at the Detroit auto show. This is the Not to be outdone by its horsepower, more Cadillac V16: first time a British car or a European super-luxury than five times recalls firm’s model from outside the US or competitors BMW Rolls-Royce the power of heritage Japan has taken the award. and DaimlerChrysler Maybach its 1930s boasting powerful twelve- namesake. France overhauls Germany cylinder engines, GM’s Peak torque is French auto plants have pulled prestige Cadillac division stated at 1000 used for the two valves serving ahead of German factories in neatly combined company lb.ft (1356 Nm), and each cylinder, variable valve productivity, according to tradition with modern design GM claims the fully dressed timing and cylinder McKinsey & Co. France’s lead when it unveiled the sleek motor, at 311kg, weighs less deactivation help reduce fuel came as a result of greater in- Sixteen limousine concept than the group’s 8.1 litre V8. consumption under cruise house component production, powered by a V16 engine. The giant unit is said to meet conditions. GM says that the said the report, though both Displacing a mammoth 13.6 emissions requirements with V16 would make close to 20 nations still lagged Japan and litres, the aluminium engine is ease. US mpg (11.3 lit/100km) in the US in overall efficiency. claimed to give 1000 While pushrod actuation is four-cylinder mode. 4 INDUSTRY NEWS Ricardo Quarterly Review Winter 2002/3 Ford U signals change A supercharged four-cylinder ICE engine running on hydrogen may be the headline technical innovation on Ford’s Model U concept, shown at the Detroit NAIAS show in January, but the model’s importance extends well beyond this deliberate link with A message post-2010 fuel cell power. Celebrating both Ford’s from the 100th anniversary and the Model T that made the Chief company world famous, the U Concept seeks to mimic the Executive Model T’s versatile, flexible The Hummer brand has approach, but with a 21st- developed something of an century sustainability to the at 4500 rev/min; this is allied gear shifter – it can be placed iconic status throughout North materials and processes used. to the 25kW of the modular in a variety of locations, America in the past decade, The U’s interior is fully hybrid transmission system’s though the pedals are fixed – with the first civilian reconfigurable, allowing assist motor to give a and the conversational speech derivative, the 1992 Hummer different seating and consumption of 45 miles interface, which allows full- H1, becoming both a equipment patterns, and (72km) per kilogram of vocabulary natural (rather than favourite of the most extreme permitting regular upgrades as hydrogen – which Ford claims scripted) voice control of on- off-road enthusiasts and a the vehicle goes through its is equivalent to 45 US mpg board systems. 'must have' fashion accessory life, or perhaps changes its (5.0 lit/100km). The hydrogen Safety systems include pre- of the super-rich. In the latter use; the materials employed tank can store 7kg of fuel at crash sensing, while adaptive part of 1999 Ricardo was advance a new ‘cradle to up to 10,000 psi (690 bar) lighting, active near-infrared approached by GM to assist cradle’ approach to and, says Ford, the diode laser night vision and in taking this brand forward sustainability and do not move powertrain’s efficiency is 25 cameras mounted in the side into potentially much larger down the value chain when per cent greater than that of a mirrors improve hazard markets through a completely recycled.