DOCSLIB.ORG

Africa in Transition Micro Study Tanzania

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Africa in Transition Micro Study Tanzania AFRICA IN TRANSITION MICRO STUDY TANZANIA Research Report Prepared by: Gasper C. Ashimogo Aida C. Isinika James E.D. Mlangwa July 2003 Table of contents 1. METHODOLOGY ..................................................................................................... 5 1.1 Introduction......................................................................................................... 5 1.2 Selection of Districts................................................................................................. 5 1.3 Selection of Villages................................................................................................. 5 1.4. Selection of household for the village diagnostics questionnaire............................ 7 1.5 Selection of household for the household survey questionnaire............................... 7 2. THE VILLAGE DIAGNOSTICS SURVEY RESULTS ........................................... 9 2.1 Agricultural dynamism ....................................................................................... 9 2.1.1 Population size, land use and agro-ecology................................................ 9 2.1.2 Infrastructure and market access............................................................... 10 2.2 State initiatives.................................................................................................. 11 2.3 Markets ............................................................................................................. 13 2.4 Farmer organisations......................................................................................... 13 2.5 Land tenure and gender issues .......................................................................... 14 2.6 Credit................................................................................................................. 15 2.7 History of intensification .................................................................................. 16 2.8 Labour use, mechanization and non-farm activities ......................................... 18 2.9 Economic constraints and facilitating factors ................................................... 19 3. HOUSEHOLD SURVEY RESULTS....................................................................... 21 3.1 Household characteristics ................................................................................. 21 3.2 Farm and crop management of major staple food crops................................... 21 3.2.1 Crop choice and preferences..................................................................... 21 3.2.2 Maize production, marketing and technology .......................................... 22 3.2.3 Paddy production, marketing and technology .......................................... 28 3.2.4 Cassava production, marketing and technology ....................................... 31 3.3 Farm and crop management of other crops....................................................... 34 3.3.1 Other food crops and vegetables............................................................... 34 3.3.2 Non-food cash crops ................................................................................. 35 3.4 Land resources .................................................................................................. 36 3.5 Livestock........................................................................................................... 36 3.6 Labour resources............................................................................................... 37 3.7 Institutional conditions.................................................................................. 37 3.8 Expenditures ..................................................................................................... 40 3.8.1 Costs of farm operations ........................................................................... 40 3.8.2 Food purchases.......................................................................................... 40 3.9 Sources of income and ownership of assets...................................................... 41 3.9.1 Sources of income..................................................................................... 41 3.9.2 Asset ownership........................................................................................ 42 4. A summary of major trends ...................................................................................... 44 4.1 Productivity, technology use and intensification.............................................. 48 4.2 Commercialisation ............................................................................................ 49 4.3 Market access and the role of the private sector............................................... 49 4.4 State, markets and farmers................................................................................ 49 4.5 Influence of household resources and characteristics....................................... 51 References......................................................................................................................... 52 2 LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Villages Selected from Kilombero District .......................................................... 6 Table 2: Villages Selected from Iringa District .................................................................. 6 Table 3: Villages Selected from Mufindi district ............................................................... 6 Table 4: Household-Ranking Criteria for Maize Producing Villages ................................ 7 Table 5: Attributes for Selecting household for the village diagnostics questionnaire ...... 7 Table 6: Land uses in the villages of research .................................................................... 9 Table 7: Rainfall conditions.............................................................................................. 10 Table 8: Distances from village centres to various service centres .................................. 11 Table: 9: Major means of acquiring land.......................................................................... 14 Table 10: Percentage input usage and year of introduction.............................................. 17 Table 11: Sex of head of household (%)........................................................................... 21 Table 12: Patterns of crop cultivation in reference and most recent season (%).............. 22 Table 13: Mean area under maize (pure stand equivalent) (ha)........................................ 23 Table 14: Total amount of maize sold, harvest before most recent, (kg) ......................... 23 Table 15: Maize sales, prices and distance to markets for the most recent harvest.......... 24 Table 16: Total amount of maize sold two seasons ago (kg)............................................ 24 Table 17: Maize production and utilization...................................................................... 26 Table 18: Mean area under paddy (ha) ............................................................................. 29 Table 19: Paddy sales, prices and distance to market for the most recent season ............ 29 Table 20: Paddy production and utilisation ...................................................................... 30 Table 21: Cassava sales during last year........................................................................... 32 Table 22: Production and utilization of cassava (kg)........................................................ 33 Table 23: Total size of land devoted to other food crops in the most recent season (ha).................................................................................... 34 Table 24: Total size of land devoted to non-food crops and proportion of irrigated land (ha) ......................................................................................... 35 Table 25: Land resources ownership during the most recent season or year (ha) ............ 36 Table 26: Number of livestock owned.............................................................................. 36 Table 27: Labour resources in a household ...................................................................... 37 Table 28: Non-farm income sources and dependency on non-household labour............. 37 Table 25: Average yield of major crops at farm level compared to potential yield(kg/ha)........................................................................................ 48 3 LISTS OF FIGURES Figure 1: Most important economic factor constraining maize production for the market..................................................................................................... 25 Figure 2: Most important household factor constraining maize production for the market..................................................................................................... 26 Figure 3: Means of land acquisition when household was formed................................... 38 Figure 4: Means of land expansion .................................................................................. 39 Figure 5: Means of allocating land to children ................................................................. 40 Figure 6: Income sources that generated most cash during last year................................ 42 Figure 6: Morogoro wealth profile ................................................................................... 43 Figure 7: Iringa region Wealth Profile.............................................................................. 43 LIST
Load more

Recommended publications
  • RMO Newsletter December 2017 Results Management Office
    Issue 01 RMO Newsletter December 2017 Results Management Office Content Foreword Program highlights Success stories Page 02 I would like to extend It is a little after 10 o’clock on in Mufindi district, Kasanga gratitude to all our partners a Thursday morning in July ward, in the heart of Iringa for the great work thus far. 2017. The sun is overhead but region, six groups comprising We have recently......... a majority of the........ a total.............. Page 04 Page 06 Page 14 Collaboration. Impact. Growth. RMO Newsletter | Issue 01 | December 2017 RMO Newsletter | Issue 01 | December 2017 Contents 04 06 10 12 14 18 Foreword Program highlights Program highlights Program highlights Success stories Success stories – US diplomat visits Ilula – A newly renovated facility – Program Review Meeting – Orphans and Vulnerable – Working with CSOs to link Lutheran Hospital in Iringa at the Saba Saba Health in Morogoro Program Children supported clients back to CTC services Centre through SILC groups 02 03 RMO Newsletter | Issue 01 | December 2017 RMO Newsletter | Issue 01 | December 2017 Foreword I would like to extend gratitude to all million budget, the USAID Boresha I would be remiss if I failed to our partners for the great work thus Afya project’s core vision is to create acknowledge the immense contribution far. We have recently concluded one a dynamic, integrated platform of my outstanding team including year since this programme commenced for delivery of health services that our implementing partners; FHI360, and while we faced teething problems emphasizes strong collaboration Management and Development for in the beginning, I can now state with between government, health facilities Health (MDH) and EngenderHealth certainty that we are on course to meet and communities.
    [Show full text]
  • Socio-Economic Baseline Survey of Villages Adjacent to the Vidunda Catchment Area, Bordering Udzungwa Mountains National Park
    Socio-Economic Baseline Survey of Villages Adjacent to the Vidunda Catchment Area, Bordering Udzungwa Mountains National Park Incorporating a Socio-Economic Monitoring Plan for 29 Villages North and East of the Udzungwa Mountains National Park Paul Harrison November 2006 WORLD WIDE FUND FOR NATURE TANZANIA PROGRAMME OFFICE (WWF-TPO) WITH SUPPORT FROM WWF NORWAY AND NORAD Socio-Economic Baseline Survey of Villages Adjacent to the Vidunda Catchment Area, Bordering Udzungwa Mountains National Park Report compiled by Paul Harrison, Kilimanyika Produced on behalf of WWF Tanzania Programme Office, P. O. Box 63117, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania Co-Financed by NORAD and WWF Norway All photographs © Kilimanyika, unless otherwise stated. A series of photographs accompanying this report may be obtained by contacting Kilimanyika The views expressed in this report do not necessarily reflect those of WWF Tanzania, WWF Norway or NORAD. Bankipore House High Street Brill, Bucks HP18 9ST, UK Tel. +44 7739 803 704 Email: [email protected] Web: www.kilimanyika.com 2 Paul Harrison/Kilimanyika for WWF Tanzania Table of Contents Tables and Figures..............................................................................................................................................4 Abbreviations and Acronyms .............................................................................................................................5 Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................................................6
    [Show full text]
  • Revisiting the Rural-Urban Linkages in East Africa: Continuity Or Breakdown in the Spatial Model of Rural Development? the Case of the Kilimanjaro Region in Tanzania
    Belgeo Revue belge de géographie 1 | 2020 Miscellaneous Revisiting the rural-urban linkages in East Africa: Continuity or breakdown in the spatial model of rural development? The case of the Kilimanjaro region in Tanzania Bernard Charlery de la Masselière, François Bart, Bénédicte Thibaud and Rémi Benos Electronic version URL: http://journals.openedition.org/belgeo/38669 DOI: 10.4000/belgeo.38669 ISSN: 2294-9135 Publisher: National Committee of Geography of Belgium, Société Royale Belge de Géographie Electronic reference Bernard Charlery de la Masselière, François Bart, Bénédicte Thibaud and Rémi Benos, “Revisiting the rural-urban linkages in East Africa: Continuity or breakdown in the spatial model of rural development?”, Belgeo [Online], 1 | 2020, Online since 27 May 2020, connection on 20 January 2021. URL: http://journals.openedition.org/belgeo/38669 ; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4000/belgeo.38669 This text was automatically generated on 20 January 2021. Belgeo est mis à disposition selon les termes de la licence Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International. Revisiting the rural-urban linkages in East Africa: Continuity or breakdown i... 1 Revisiting the rural-urban linkages in East Africa: Continuity or breakdown in the spatial model of rural development? The case of the Kilimanjaro region in Tanzania Bernard Charlery de la Masselière, François Bart, Bénédicte Thibaud and Rémi Benos AUTHOR'S NOTE This paper is a result of some extensive research carried out under the European programme RurbanAfrica (www.rurbanafrica.ku.dk) coordinated by the university of Copenhagen. Introduction 1 In Africa, agriculture transformation and rural livelihood diversification on one side, rapid growth of the urban system on another side are the general indices of the emergence of a new model of development.
    [Show full text]
  • Kilombero Valley, United Republic of Tanzania
    Kilombero Valley, United Republic of Tanzania Ramsar Site No. 1173 Ramsar Advisory Mission Report April 2017 Ed Wilson, Robert McInnes, Damas Patrick Mbaga and Paul Ouedraogo i [Page left blank for double-sided printing] ii Contents 1. Background ................................................................................................................ 1 1.1. Overview of the wetlands of Tanzania.............................................................. 1 1.2. Kilombero Valley Ramsar Site: Ecological character description ...................... 2 1.3. Background to the Ramsar Advisory Mission ................................................... 5 1.4. Importance of the RAM recommendations ....................................................... 7 2. Hydrological and wider context of the Kilombero Valley Ramsar Site .................. 8 2.1. Background ..................................................................................................... 8 2.2. The Rufiji River basin ....................................................................................... 9 2.3. Hydrology of the Rufiji River basin ................................................................. 10 2.4. Management of water in the Rufiji River Basin ............................................... 10 2.5. The Kilombero River sub-basin ...................................................................... 13 2.6. Governance structures in the Kilombero River sub-basin ............................... 15 2.7. Economic activities .......................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Institute of Agriculture--Serving Small Farmers in Tanzania
    Institute of Agriculture Serving Small Farmers in Tanzania Institute of Agriculture--Serving Small Farmers in Tanzania Roger Blomquist Director Institute of Agriculture Phil Larsen Chairman, Advisory Committee Institute of Agriculture Kent Olson Associate Dean Extension Center for Community Vitality University of Minnesota Michael Schmitt Associate Dean College of Food, Agricultural and Natural Resource Sciences University of Minnesota June 2016 Table of Contents Section Page Introduction 1 History and Setting 1 Background 2 Commercial Agriculture/Research Farms 6 Companion Village Project 11 Improved Farming Practices 13 Field Days 17 Research Paper 29 Extension Network 31 Storage 33 Alternate Crops 37 Radio Furaha 42 Microfinance Institute 43 Leadership Development 47 University of Iringa 49 Marketing 55 Partners/Organizations 55 Fundraising 65 Summary 67 INTRODUCTION The Institute of Agriculture, which was formed as a partner- ship between the University of Iringa (formerly Tumaini Uni- versity) and the St. Paul Area Synod of the ELCA, has worked for ten years to increase food production via im- proved farming practices in the Iringa Region of Tanzania. Through education and demonstration, the Institute has taught improved farming practices to approximately 5,000 smallholder farmers in 60 villages in the Iringa Region of Tanzania as part of the Institute’s Companion Village Pro- ject (CVP). Access to credit through an accompanying Mi- crofinance Institute allowed the small farmers to take ad- vantage of the good farming practices. Yields of crops were increased, and the smallholder farmer’s vision of what was possible has been expanded. Based on the observations of government and religious leaders who travel the region, the quality of life in these remote villages has improved.
    [Show full text]
  • Sustainability of Health Benefits
    www.sciedu.ca/jha Journal of Hospital Administration 2015, Vol. 4, No. 4 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Sustainability of health benefits: Challenges faced by councils health management teams in sustaining comprehensive emergency care services after project phase out. The case of Rufiji, Kilombero and Ulanga districts Josephine Shabani ,∗ Iddagiovana Kinyonge, Hadija Kweka, Selemani Mbuyita, Ahmed Makemba, Godfrey Mbaruku Ifakara Health Institute, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania Received: January 13, 2015 Accepted: April 3, 2015 Online Published: April 28, 2015 DOI: 10.5430/jha.v4n4p1 URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/jha.v4n4p1 ABSTRACT Background: Attention to the sustainability of health intervention programs is increasing not only in developing countries but also in developed countries together with international development agencies. However, consensus on operational definitions of sustainability and determinants of sustainability is still at an early stage. While much progress has been made in the development of successful interventions to promote health, too few interventions achieve long term sustainability. Implementation of EMPOWER project in collaboration with World Lung Foundation (WLF) have increased accessibility of comprehensive emergency obstetric care (CEmOC) by upgrading health centers which were formerly not providing CEmOC services in the three rural districts in Tanzania. Although the WHO standards of CEmOC coverage in the project districts was above the requirement, but accessing these health facilities which provides CEmOC was so difficult due to various factors like geographical (mountains, rivers, seasonal roads), locations of these health facilities (like in one district the it was located at a corner of the district), unreliable referral system and poor functionality of these health facilities especially in terms of emergency preparedness etc.
    [Show full text]
  • Iringa-Summary-Brief-Final.Pdf
    STRATEGIC AssEssMENT TO DEFINE A COMPREHENSIVE RESPONSE TO HIV IN IRINGA, TANZANIA RESEARCH BRIEF SUMMARY OF FINDINGS STRATEGIC ASSESSMENT TO DEFINE A COMPREHENSIVE RESPONSE TO HIV IN IRINGA, TANZANIA RESEARCH BRIEF SUMMARY OF FINDINGS September 2013 The USAID | Project SEARCH, Task Order No.2, is funded by the U.S. Agency for International Development under Contract No. GHH-I-00-07-00032-00, beginning September 30, 2008, and supported by the President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief. The Research to Prevention (R2P) Project is led by the Johns Hopkins Center for Global Health and managed by the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Center for Communication Programs (CCP). Iringa Strategic Assessment: Summary of Findings TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS .............................................................................................................. 2 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................... 3 METHODS ............................................................................................................................ 5 Quantitative Methods .................................................................................................................................. 5 Review of existing data including recent data triangulation efforts ........................................................... 5 DHS analysis ...............................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • In Contemporary Zanzibar Marie-Aude Fouéré
    Remembering the Dark Years (1964-1975) in Contemporary Zanzibar Marie-Aude Fouéré To cite this version: Marie-Aude Fouéré. Remembering the Dark Years (1964-1975) in Contemporary Zanzibar. Encoun- ters: The International Journal for the Study of Culture and Society, 2012, pp.113-126. halshs- 00856968 HAL Id: halshs-00856968 https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00856968 Submitted on 12 Apr 2017 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Remembering the Dark Years (1964–1975) in Contemporary Zanzibar Marie-Aude Fouéré French Institute for Research in Africa (IFRA), Nairobi, Kenya In the islands of Zanzibar (Unguja and Pemba), the memories of violence and repression perpetrated by revolutionaries and the state from 1964 to 1975 have long been banished from the public space. The official narrative of the 1964 Revolution and the first phase of the post-revolutionary periodi developed and propagated by the Revolutionary Government of Zanzibar, through a control over the production, transmission, and circulation of ideas, combined with repressive measures against dissenting voices, led people to keep their memories private. The official injunction calling for silence did not bringabout a forgetting of the past, but rather contributed to the clandestine transmission and reconstruction of fragments of individual, familial, and community memories within private circles.
    [Show full text]
  • TFCG Technical Paper 18 the VERTEBRATE BIODIVERSITY AND
    TFCG Technical Paper 18 THE VERTEBRATE BIODIVERSITY AND FOREST CONDITION OF UDZUNGWA MOUNTAIN FORESTS IN MUFINDI DISTRICT By N. Doggart, C. Leonard, A. Perkin, M. Menegon and F. Rovero Dar es Salaam June 2008 Cover photographs by Michele Menegon. From left to right. 1. Horned bush viper eating a reed frog. 2. View of Igoda Forest and adjacent tea fields. 3. Spiny flanked chameleon (Chamaeleo laterispinis) ¤ Tanzania Forest Conservation Group Suggested citations: Whole report Doggart, N., C. Leonard, A. Perkin, M. Menegon and F. Rovero (2008). The Biodiversity and forest condition of Udzungwa Mountain forests in Mufindi District. TFCG Technical Paper No 18. DSM, Tz. 1- 142 pp. Sections with Report: (example using section 3) Menegon, M., (2008). Reptiles and Amphibians. In: Doggart, N., C. Leonard, A. Perkin, M. Menegon and F. Rovero (2008). The Biodiversity and forest condition of Udzungwa Mountain forests in Mufindi District.TFCG Technical Paper No 18. DSM, Tz. 1 - 142 pp. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Introduction The Eastern Arc Mountain forests in Mufindi District lie at the south-western extreme of the Eastern Arc. The forests are found on the Mufindi plateau at the top of the Mufindi escarpment. The plateau includes a mosaic of forest, commercial tea cultivation, pine and eucalyptus plantation, coffee and subsistence agriculture. The forests of Mufindi are highly fragmented and many of them show high levels of disturbance some of which dates back over 50 years. Lovett & Pócs (1993) suggest that parts of the larger Mufindi forests such as Kigogo were cultivated in the mid 19th Century and cite the presence of agricultural ridges under the forest.
    [Show full text]
  • Africa's Freedom Railway
    AFRICA HistORY Monson TRANSPOrtatiON How a Chinese JamiE MONSON is Professor of History at Africa’s “An extremely nuanced and Carleton College. She is editor of Women as On a hot afternoon in the Development Project textured history of negotiated in- Food Producers in Developing Countries and Freedom terests that includes international The Maji Maji War: National History and Local early 1970s, a historic Changed Lives and Memory. She is a past president of the Tanzania A masterful encounter took place near stakeholders, local actors, and— Studies Assocation. the town of Chimala in Livelihoods in Tanzania Railway importantly—early Chinese poli- cies of development assistance.” the southern highlands of history of the Africa —James McCann, Boston University Tanzania. A team of Chinese railway workers and their construction “Blessedly economical and Tanzanian counterparts came unpretentious . no one else and impact of face-to-face with a rival is capable of writing about this team of American-led road region with such nuance.” rail power in workers advancing across ’ —James Giblin, University of Iowa the same rural landscape. s Africa The Americans were building The TAZARA (Tanzania Zambia Railway Author- Freedom ity) or Freedom Railway stretches from Dar es a paved highway from Dar Salaam on the Tanzanian coast to the copper es Salaam to Zambia, in belt region of Zambia. The railway, built during direct competition with the the height of the Cold War, was intended to redirect the mineral wealth of the interior away Chinese railway project. The from routes through South Africa and Rhodesia. path of the railway and the After being rebuffed by Western donors, newly path of the roadway came independent Tanzania and Zambia accepted help from communist China to construct what would together at this point, and become one of Africa’s most vital transportation a tense standoff reportedly corridors.
    [Show full text]
  • United Republic of Tanzania
    United Republic of Tanzania The United Republic of Tanzania Jointly prepared by Ministry of Finance and Planning, National Bureau of Statistics and Njombe Regional Secretariat Njombe Region National Bureau of Statistics Njombe Dodoma November, 2020 Njombe Region Socio-Economic Profile, 2018 Foreword The goals of Tanzania’s Development Vision 2025 are in line with United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and are pursued through the National Strategy for Growth and Reduction of Poverty (NSGRP) or MKUKUTA II. The major goals are to achieve a high-quality livelihood for the people, attain good governance through the rule of law and develop a strong and competitive economy. To monitor the progress in achieving these goals, there is need for timely, accurate data and information at all levels. Problems especially in rural areas are many and demanding. Social and economic services require sustainable improvement. The high primary school enrolment rates recently attained have to be maintained and so is the policy of making sure that all pupils who passed Primary School Leaving Examination must join form one. The Nutrition situation is still precarious; infant and maternal mortality rates continue to be high and unemployment triggers mass migration of youths from rural areas to the already overcrowded urban centres. Added to the above problems, is the menace posed by HIV/AIDS, the prevalence of which hinders efforts to advance into the 21st century of science and technology. The pandemic has been quite severe among the economically active population leaving in its wake an increasing number of orphans, broken families and much suffering. AIDS together with environmental deterioration are problems which cannot be ignored.
    [Show full text]
  • Kilombero Plantations Limited
    KILOMBERO PLANTATIONS LIMITED MNGETA FARM SQUATTER SURVEY REPORT Claude G. Mung’ong’o, PhD and Juma Kayonko, MSc Natural Resource Management Consultants P.O. Box 35097, Dar es Salaam FEBRUARY 2009 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY INTRODUCTION Background Located in Mngeta Division, Kilombero District, Mngeta Farm (5,818 ha) is owned by Kilombero Plantations Ltd (KPL), a public-private partnership between the Rufiji Basin Development Authority (RUBADA) and InfEnergy Tanzania Ltd. In 1986, the Government of Tanzania granted the farm area to the Korea Tanzania Agricultural Company (KOTACO), a Korea – Tanzania government partnership. KOTACO surveyed the farm, cleared the entire 5818 ha, and built 185 km of roads and approximately 290 km of drainage ditches. KOTACO farmed rice on approximately 2500 ha until 1993 when the Koreans left the project and handed over the farm equipment and infrastructure to RUBADA. From 1994 to 1999 the farm remained idle. Later in 1999 RUBADA contracted the farm to Kilombero Holding Company (KIHOCO) which never farmed more than 400 ha. KIHOCO fell 5 years behind in rent payments and was finally forced off the farm in August 2007. During the period of the farm’s idleness it attracted a gradual influx of subsistence squatters from different parts of Tanzania. It also attracted a high influx of livestock, especially from 2005 onwards. In December 2007, KPL began operations, re-clearing land and planting 641 ha of rice in early 2008. In September 2008 KPL completed the title transfer of Mngeta Farm. KPL is planting 3000 ha of rice in early 2009 and has targeted 5800 ha of rice in 2010.
    [Show full text]