Basic Theory for Martial Arts and Oriental Health Practice

Prepared by: Jeffrey W. Helaney, D.Sc. Oriental Medicine & gthDan TaeKwon-Do The theories mentioned in this study guide comprise the basic conceptual framework of most Traditional Chinese Medicine modalities and eastern martial arts styles. When used separately or together the constructs form as simplistic method for viewing the interactions of the human body and the universe itself Regardless of the methodology used to diagnosis an illness, to treat a patient's complaints, or to focus a martial arts attack basic understanding of the process needed to affect change (from an eastern perspective) can be found utilizing one or more of theses theories.

It is beyond the scope of this study guide to delve deeply into oriental medical theory or methods of attack. Volumes can and have been written on each subject. This outline is designed to give the student a basic understanding of how most eastern traditions view the functioning of the human body. A basic understanding of these theories and the meridian system is a prerequisite for progressing beyond the rank of 1st

Degree Black Belt in this school. fig 1-1 Common characters on left, simplified characters on right

Pire Water Table: 1 -2 Chart of Common Sun :Moon Concepts in Yin :MaCe PemaCe And Yang Theory 'fuJ:ess (])eficient )lctive Inactive P.nergy :Matter Punction Porm are opposites, relative to each other. Nothing in nature is either

wholly yin or wholly yang. Everything contains the essence of the other inside it. Yin and

Yang are constantly changing balance, with each attempting to gain dominance. Things

with a Yang nature (e.g., heat) counter and dispel Yin natured things (e.g., cold). This,

also, works in reverse. Things with a Yin nature (e.g., cold) counter and dispel Yang

natured things (e.g., heat). In Oriental Medical Theory, if one over dominates the other it

can cause imbalance and lead to disease.

Yin and Yang can not exist independently. Through their opposite natures, they

define each other, much as night and day do. Without light there is no darkness and

without darkness how could light be defined? The nature of Yin and Yang is that

concepts only exist in relation to the other. In addition, they feed off of each other. Yang

can be thought of as energy that it needs nutrients to sustain itself Yin can be thought of

as the nutrient need to give Yang (energy) its form.

Yin and Yang are constantly trying to adjust to each others levels. Outside

influences can significantly upset the delicate balance. There are four possibilities that

can occur: Yang Excess of Heat Shi, Yang Deficiency or Heat Xu, Yin Excess or Cold

Shi, Yin Deficiency or Cold Xu.

When utilizing Yin and Yang theory, it is important to be cognizant the patterns

that are present in the patient or in the opponent. The practitioner must pay attention to

the heat and the cold attributes. It can help with perspective to interchange the words

yang and yin with heat and cold respectively. Additionally, by combining with them with

deficiency (xu) and excess (shi), the practitioner can get a sense how to apply the theory to the body imbalances. For example, Yin Deficiency can also be thought of as cold Superior Inferior lPosterior )Interior Latera{ fMetf"uU ~ Interior Organ PunctUm Organ Structure Qt (jJfootfjcBody p{uitfs Nollow Organs(Pu) SotUf Organs(ZtmoJ One of the major theories used in Oriental Medicine is based upon the imbalances in the bodies Yin and Yang essences. Observable patterns in illness and disease are used to help determine if a sickness is either Yin or Yang in essence. This becomes very important later in determining the course of treatment.

To the martial artist, these imbalances can be an area of attack on a hostile opponent. Like the theory itself, healing and hurting are two sides of the same whole.

CAN YOU ANSWER THESE QUESTIONS?

1. The Concept of Yin and Yang pre-date Christianity by how long?

2. Originally Yin and Yang were translated to mean?

3. Generally Yang energy flows over what part of the body?

4. Generally Yin energy flows over what part of the body?

5. An imbalance of Yin or Yang energy can cause what?

6. What does the word transformation have to do with Yin or Yang theory? to the next element clockwise to it. It is, also, sometimes called the mother-son cycle.

The simplicity of the theory is easy to remember using basic imagery techniques. Close your eyes and think of a stream or rain. The water nourishes the trees that grow making wood. The wood is cut and burned in a campfire. Thus we create the transformation into fire. Fire burns the wood to ash and creates earth. The earth holds metal. Then the rain falls on the earth and flows across the metal to nourish the trees.

The Controlling Cycle is sometimes referred to as the Father/Son or

Grandparent/Grandson Cycle. In this cycle each element is kept in check by the element two steps to counter clockwise to it. Using the same cycle as above water controls fire, fire controls metal, metal controls wood, wood controls earth, earth controls water.

The Over-Acting Cycle occurs when an element attacks another in direct opposite to the controlling cycle. The over-acting cycle invariably causes problems when any given phase is overly strong and not controlled enough. It then takes the element it

controls and does damage to it (e.g., water controls fire, but if too much water is used the fire will go out completely, etc.) Easy to remember imagery for this cycle can include the following: Water can be used to put outfire. Hot flames are used to melt metal. Metal given the form of an axe or saw will cut wood. Wood breaks through the earth as a tree to grow. Earth mixed with water turns to mud. CAN YOU ANSWER THESE QUESTIONS?

1. The Concept of Five Elements is an extension of what?

2. Explain the generating cycle.

3. Explain the controlling cycle.

4. Explain the over-acting cycle. Basic Theory for the Martial Arts

and Oriental Health Practice

Lesson Three: ZanglFu Theory

The eastern perspective on human physiology differs dramatically from the western view. Although these differences can be disconcerting at first glance, they are not impenetrable. Generally speaking, the differences lay in the way anatomical functions are understood. Eastern constructs tend to look at physiological function from an interdependent standpoint. Body functions are seen as not solely the province of one individual organ, but rather of an organ system that is interrelated to other organ systems.

On the other hand, western understanding of anatomical functions is based on the

'scientific method'. As we look delve into Oriental Medical Theory it is important to note the not only the interdependent relationships of organ systems, but the channels or meridians that transport throughout the body and keep us in harmony.

The body contains twelve primary Qi channels and eight extraordinary meridians.

Understanding the basic function of the organ system is extremely important.

Additionally, our bodies contain six Yang organs and six Yin organs. These organs are associated with each other through a special relationship that we will discuss later in this paper.

Yin and Yang channels are sequential to each other in the circulation of Qi, and their functions are closely related. Disease in one organ system usually affects the other.

In Traditional Chinese Medicine, the channel corresponding to the Yang organ is often used to treat disorders of its Yin organ. When looking at channels located on the bodies extremities, the Yang channels are located on the lateral side of the limbs while the Yin channels are on the medial side.

Looking at this from a martial arts perspective, the outsides of the limbs are more Yang which makes them more resistant and prepared for an attack, while the internal sides are more Yin and weaker.

Zang-Fu Theory explains physiological function, pathological changes, and mutual relationships of every zang and fu organ. In Traditional Chinese Medicine the zang and fu organs are not simply anatomical substances, but they represent the generalization of the physiology and pathology of certain body systems. Twelve of the major channels/meridians consist of paired Zang-Fu organs. The five Zang

(Yin) organs are the heart (six including the pericardium), lung, spleen, liver, and kidney.

The six Fu (Yang) organs are the gall bladder, stomach, large intestine, small intestine, urinary bladder and the sanjiao (three areas of the body cavity).

Zang and Fu are classified by the different aspects of their functions. The five

Zang organs mainly manufacture and store essence: qi, blood, and body fluid. The six Fu organs mainly receive and digest food, absorb nutrient substances, transmit and excrete wastes. They, also, store essential qi and regulate its outflow. The Fu organs transform and transport substances without storing them and for this reason they may be over-filled but cannot be filled to capacity.

Another category of organs are called the extraordinary Fu organs which include the brain, marrow, bone, vessels, gallbladder, and uterus. Although they are named Fu organ's their functions are similar to that of the Zang organs. Briefly, the brain is often referred to as the 'Sea of Marrow and controls the memory, concentration and the five senses. The bones and bone marrow are basically repositories for and dependent on kidney essence. (This is one reason the kidneys are treated to speed up bone breaks.) The vessels contain the blood and the gallbladder is considered an extra Fu organ in its function of storing bile. The uterus's function is regulating menstruation, conception, and pregnancy.

Below we will examine in more depth the basic concepts and attributes of the major Zang-Fu organ systems. Keep in mind that Zang-Fu Theory builds and incorporates elements of both the Yin and Yang Theory and the Five Elements Theory.

For ease and understanding the systems have been paired based on their relationship to each other and the Five Element Theory.

1. The Stomach

The spleen (Yin) and the stomach (Yang) are paired organ systems. These

organ systems belong to Earth in the Five Element Theory, the center, the season

of long summer (the end of summer), the climatic condition of dampness, the

color yellow, the emotion of pensiveness, the taste of sweetness, fragrant odor,

and the sound of singing. These channels open in the mouth and they control the

flesh and the limbs.

The relationship between the spleen and the stomach are particularly

strong. The stomach receives food and the spleen transports the nutrients. The

stomach moves things downward while the spleen moves things upward. The

stomach needs dampness while the spleen needs dryness. Although there a number of patterns relating to deficiency of the stomach (many originate in the

spleen), most stomach disorders are caused from excess. Stomach Fire gives a

painful, burning sensation in the stomach, unusual hunger, bleeding of the gums,

constipation, and halitosis.

From Oriental Medical Theory perspective, saliva begins the process of

digestion is then food passed into the stomach, which located in the middle

Sanjiao area. The stomach then breaks down the food, and passes it on to the

intestines, where the essence is absorbed and converted into Qi, and circulated

through the body.

When a person is upset, the stomach will not function normally.

Regulating the mind is the first step to maintaining the stomach in a healthy

condition. The type of food that is eaten is the second consideration. The proper

amount and quality of food will help a person to obtain a high quality of Qi and to

circulate throughout the body.

2. The Spleen

The spleen (Yin) and the stomach (Yang) are paired organ systems. It

shares the similar attributes as the stomach in the Five Element Theory. The

spleen is considered the main organ system of digestion. Its function is to

transport nutrients and regulate the blood (regulate means to keep it within the

channels). It is responsible for the transformation of food into nourishment. If the spleen is weak, the body can not use the nourishment available in

food. This may cause general fatigue, and a pasty complexion. Deficient spleen

Qi is shown by a sense of malaise or uncomfortable fullness in the upper

abdomen. The spleen distributes its Qi upward, and weakness in the spleen will

usually manifest itself in diarrhea. Insufficiency of the Middle Qi will presage

prolapsed stomach, kidneys, etc. In more serious cases, the spleen Yang Qi will

be deficient, which is manifested in diarrhea, cold limbs, and abdominal pain that

can be soothed by the warmth of frequent hot drinks. If any of the above

symptoms are accompanied by bleeding, especially from the digestive tract or

uterus, it is called' Spleen Not Controlling the Blood.'

Another common problem associated with the spleen is 'Cold and

Dampness Harassing the Spleen'. It is characterized by a full feeling in the chest

and a bloated sensation in the abdomen, lack of appetite and taste, a feeling of

cold in the limbs, a dark yellowish hue to the skin, some edema and diarrhea. The

cold and dampness prevent the spleen from its transforming and transporting

functions. This leads to a disturbance in the body's water metabolism and is one

of the origins of Phlegm.

3. The Heart

The heart and the small intestine are paired organ systems. The heart is a

Yin organ, and the small intestine is Yang. These two organs correspond to Fire in

the Five Element Theory, the southerly direction, the summer season, the climatic

condition of heat, the color red, the emotion of happiness, the sound of laughter, the taste of bitterness, and the odor of burning. Their respective point of entry is

the tongue. The heart and small intestine control the blood vessels and are

reflected in the face. Most of the problems of the heart are associated with

weakness. Four of the major types of heart weakness are Deficient Heart Qi,

Deficient Heart Yang, Deficient Heart Blood, and Deficient Heart Yin.

The heart's main functions are associated with the spirit and the blood

vessels. The heart governs the blood vessels and is responsible for moving blood

through them. Additionally, it stores the spirit, and is usually associated with

mental processes. Keeping this in mind it easy to see why some forms of

emotional distress, dizziness, palpitations, shortness of breath, and lack of vitality

are common symptoms of heart ailments.

'Deficient Heart Qi' is characterized by lassitude, panting and shallow

breathing, and frequent sweating. If the face is swollen and ashen gray or bluish-

green, and the limbs are cold, it is called 'Deficient Heart Yang'. Symptoms of

restlessness, irritability, dizziness, absentmindedness, and insomnia are typical

signs of 'Deficient Heart Blood'. In 'Deficient Heart Yin' cases, a flushed feeling

in the palms and face, low grade fever, and night sweating may occur.

Heart Excess arises from an excess of Heart Fire. This problem is

manifested by fever, possibly accompanied by delirium, a racing pulse, intense

restlessness, insomnia or frequent nightmares, a bright red face, a red or blistered

and painful tongue, and sometimes a burning sensation during urination. The

latter symptom is the result of Heat being transferred from the heart to the small intestine, which interferes with the small intestine's role in metabolism and the

body's management of water.

4. The Small Intestine

As indicated above, the heart and the small intestine are paired organs.

The heart is considered Yin, and the small intestine is considered Yang. The

major function of the small intestine is to separate waste material from the

nutritious elements in food. The nutritious elements are then distributed

throughout the body and waste is sent on to the large intestine.

Both the small and large intestines are located in the Lower Dan Tian. In

order to store the Original Qi, the abdomen must be healthy and the Qi circulation

in the area of the intestines must be smooth and natural.

5. The Urinary Bladder

The kidneys (Yin) and the urinary bladder (Yang) are paired organs. They

correspond to Water in the Five Element Theory, the winter season, the cold

climatic condition, the southerly direction, the color black, the emotion of fear,

the taste of salt, the smell of decay, and the sound of groaning. Their sensory

organ is the ear. Their opening is the urethra. These channels control the bones,

marrow, and brain, and their health is reflected in the hair of the head. The main

function of the urinary bladder is to transform fluids into urine and excrete it from

the body. As seen above the kidneys (Yin) and the urinary bladder (Yang) are paired organs, and have are defined by similar 'Water' properties. The kidneys store

Original Essence (Yuan ) and are responsible for growth, development, and reproductive functions. The kidneys play the primary role in regulating the body's water and liquid metabolism. They, also, hold the body's most fundamental Yin and Yang. Because the kidneys are the repositories of the basal Yin and Yang of the body, any disorder, if sufficiently chronic, will involve the kidneys. More often than not, a disease of the kidneys will usually lead to problems in other organs. The symptoms of Deficient Kidney Yang or Yin are typical symptoms of the disorder, and will appear to a certain extent as Deficient Yang or Yin patterns

III any organ.

Deficient Kidney Yang symptoms are associated with loss of energy or warmth. Similar to Deficient Kidney Yin, there is commonly ringing in the ears, dizziness, and soreness in the lower back. One difference, however, is that the soreness can be characterized by a feeling of coldness, and fatigue. Sometimes weakness in the legs can, also, occur. In men, there is a propensity toward impotence, and in both in men and women, clear and voluminous urine or incontinence.

Deficient Kidney Yin can generate similar disorders in the heart and liver, while Deficient Kidney Yang can interfere with the functions of the spleen and lungs. The progression can, also, occur in the opposite direction. When this pattern is associated with the lungs, it is called 'Kidney Not Receiving Qi,' a type

of wheezing characterized by difficult breathing, most often during inhalation.

As discussed, kidneys perform an important role in the metabolism of

water. If these functions are disrupted, the condition of Deficient Kidneys can

lead to 'Spreading Water.' Maintaining the kidneys in a healthy state includes

protecting the physical kidneys from degeneration, and maintaining a smooth and

correct level of Qi flow.

Diet is important to kidney health. Too much salt is harmful to the

kidneys, and eating too much of certain vegetables will weaken the kidneys.

Additionally, the overall health of the body is also important. Things like over

working and not resting enough will increase tension on the kidneys and make the

Qi flow stagnant. In winter, the kidneys will have more tension than in summer.

Due to this, the Qi flow is more stagnant in the wintertime than in the

summertime. This is why back pain and associated problems increase during the

winter.

7. The Pericardium

The pericardium (Yin) and the triple burner (Yang) are also paired organs.

They correspond to the "Ministerial Fire," as opposed to the "Sovereign Fire" of

the heart and small intestine. The regulation of Qi in the pericardium is considered

a very important. The heart is the most vital organ in the human body, and must

have a proper level ofQi circulation to function normally. The Qi level of the heart can be raised to an abnormal state by illness,

emotional disturbance, exercise, or injury. On of the functions of the pericardium

is to dissipate the excess Qi from the heart and direct it to the Laogong cavity (P-

8), located in the center of the palm. From Laogong, the excess Qi can be released

naturally and help to regulate the heart's Qi level. As a side note, the Laogong

cavity is often used in massage practice to reduce the body's temperature during a

fever.

8. The Triple Burner (Sanjaio)

The burners are considered three regions of the body that are used to

group the organs. The upper burner includes the chest, neck, and head as well as

the functions of the heart and lungs. The middle burner is the region between the

chest and the navel, and includes the functions of the stomach, liver, and spleen.

The lower burner spans the lower abdomen, and the functions of the kidneys and

urinary bladder. The upper burner has been compared to a mist which spreads the

blood and Qi, the middle burner is like a foam which churns up food in the

process of digestion, and the lower burner resembles a swamp where all the

impure substances are excreted.

9. The Gall Bladder

The liver (Yin) and the gall bladder (Yang) are paired organ systems.

They correspond to Wood in the Five Element Theory, the direction east, the

spring season, the climatic wind, the color green, the emotion of anger, the taste

of sourness, the goatish odor, and the sound of shouting. Their point of entry is the eyes. They control the sinews (muscles and joints), and their health is

reflected in the finger and toe nails. The main function of the gall bladder is to

store and excrete the bile produced by the liver. Together with the heart, the gall

bladder is responsible for decision-making.

The main disease related to the gall bladder is a disorder affecting the flow

of bile, usually caused by Dampness and Heat. This is commonly manifested by

pain in the region of the liver, an oppressive sensation of fullness in the abdomen,

and yellowish eyes, skin, urine, and tongue.

10. The Liver

The liver (Yin) and the gall bladder (Yang) are considered paired organ

system and have similar attributes. The main task of the liver is spreading and

regulating Qi throughout the body. Depression or frustration can disturb the

functioning of the liver. Additionally, the liver is also responsible for storing

blood when the body is at rest. This characteristic, and its control over the lower

abdomen, makes it the most critical organ in women's menstrual cycles and

sexuality.

Depression or chronic frustration can stern the liver's spreading function

and result in continuing depression, a bad temper, and a swollen feeling in the

chest and sides. If the condition gets worse, it can cause disharmony between the

liver and the stomach and/or spleen. This disorder is symbolized by the

"rebellion" ofQi in the organs, where Qi flows in the wrong direction. As an

example, the stomach Qi normally descends, so rebellious Qi means hiccoughing, vomiting, etc. In the case of the spleen, the Qi ordinarily moves upward, so

rebellious Qi in this organ means diarrhea.

One of the more important responsibilities of the liver is the storage of

blood with intended emphasis upon nourishing and moistening. Whenever liver

blood is deficient, the liver will not be able to handle the function of moistening.

This often manifests as dry and painful eyes with blurred or weak vision, lack of

suppleness or pain in moving the joints, dry skin, dizziness, and infrequent or

spotty menstruation. If the Deficient Liver Yin has become serious, the conditions

'Rising Liver Fire' or 'Hyper Liver Yang Ascending' occur. These occurrences

are demonstrated in ill-temper, restlessness, headache, vertigo, red face and eyes,

and a parched mouth.

11. The Lung

The lungs (Yin) and the large intestine (Yang) are paired organs. These

organ systems belong to Metal in the Five Element Theory, the westerly direction,

the season of autumn, the dry climatic condition, the color white, the pungent

taste, the rank odor, the emotion of sadness, and the sound of weeping. Its

opening is in the nose, and it governs the condition of skin and hair. The lungs

access the outside world through your nose. They are responsible for taking Qi

from the air, and for the energy (Qi) state of the body. The lungs are sensitive to

emotional changes, especially when you are sad or angry. They also control that

part of the liquid metabolism which distributes liquid to the skin. Breathing is one way that Qi moves to the extremities such as skin and

hair. Ifbreathing is regulated properly, a person is able to strengthen his or her

body's Guardian Qi and generate an expansive Qi shield to protect their body. The

person is also able to raise or lower the Qi state through breathing. As an example

when you are angry, deep breathing can be used to calm your excited Qi state.

The lungs are usually the first organ system to be attacked by exogenous

diseases and, they are sometimes called the Delicate Organ. These diseases can

also cause the Non-Spreading of the Lung Qi. The main symptom of a problem

with the lungs is coughing, which is a form of Rebellious Qi (since the lung Qi

normally flows downward). If the coughing is also accompanied by lassitude,

shortness of breath, light foamy phlegm, and weakness in the voice, it is called

Deficient Lung Qi. If, however, the cough is a dry one, with little phlegm, a

parched throat and mouth, and Deficient Yin symptoms (such as night sweating,

low grade fever, red cheeks, etc.), the condition is referred as Deficient Lung Yin.

12. The Large Intestine

The lungs (Yin) and the large intestine (Yang) are paired organs. Like the

lung it belongs to Metal in the Five Element Theory, and has similar properties.

The main function of the large intestine is the metabolizing of water and the

passing of water. It extracts water from the waste material received from the small

intestine, sends it on to the urinary bladder, and excretes the solid material as

feces. Many disorders affecting this organ are categorized as spleen and stomach patterns. Some abdominal disorders are considered manifestations of Qi blockage

or blood in the large intestine.

1. What is Zang/Fu Theory?

2. Can you name the paired systems and their correspondence to the appropriate

phase?

3. What main functions of each organ system?

4. What is the difference between an organ according to west medical theory and an

organ system in eastern medical theory? Lung Meridian Phase: Metal Type: Yin Acupoints: 11 (bilateral) Qi flow: 3AM-SAM Paired: Large Intestine

Symbol Chinese Korean LUl ZhongFu ChungBu LU2 YunMen UnUmun LU3 TianFu Ch'onBu LU4 XiaBia HyopPaek LU5 ChiZe Ch'ok T'aek LU6 KongZui KongCh'oe LU7 Lie Que Youl Gyol LU8 Jing Qu Kyong Go LU9 Tai Yuan Tae Yon LUlO YuJi OJe LU 11 Shao Shang So Sang Large Intestine Meridian Phase: Metal Type: Yang Acupoints: 20 (bilateral) Qi flow: 5AM-7AM Paired: Lung

Symbol Chinese Korean LI 1 Shang Yang Sang Yang LI2 Er Jian IGan LI 3 San Jian SamGan LI4 He Gu HapKok LI 5 Yang Xi YangGye LI 6 PianLi Pyol Lyok LI7 WenLiu OlLyu LI 8 Xia Lian HaRyom LI 9 Shan Lian Sang Nyom LI 10 Shou San Li Su SamLi LI II Qu Chi KokChi LI 12 Zhou Liao ChuRyo LI 13 WuLi ORi LI 14 Bi Nao Pi No LI 15 Jian Yu Konu LI 16 JuGu KoGul LI 17 Tian Ding Chon Jong LI 18 Fu tu Pu rol LI 19 He Liao HwaRyo LI 20 Ying Xiang YongHyang Stomach Meridian Phase: Earth Type: Yang Acupoints: 45 (bilateral) Qi flow: 7AM-9AM Paired: Spleen

Symbol Chinese Korean STI Chen Qi Sung Up ST2 Bia Sa Baek ST 3 JuLiao KoRyo ST4 Di Cang Chi Ch'ang ST 5 Da Ying Ta yong "._- ST6 JiaChe HyopCh'a ST7 Xia Guan HaGwan ST 8 Tou Wei TuYu ST 9 Ren Ying In Young ST 10 ShuiTu Su T'ol , ST 11 Qi She KiSa .. ST 12 Que Pen KyoiBun '- ST 13 QiHu KiHo ST 14 KuFang KoBang - . ST 15 WuYi OkYe ST 16 YingGhuang Young Ch' ang ST 17 RuZhong Yu Jung ST 18 RuGen YuGun ST 19 BuRong Pui Yong ST20 Cheng Man Sung Man ST 21 Liang Men YangMun "- ST22 GuanMen KwanMun ST23 Tai Yi T'aeUl '. " ST24 HuaRouMen HwaiL '-..- ,, " ". ''''-=.- ~ , ST25 TianShu Ch'onC ' \ -"' \.•..,~. \ ST26 Wai Ling WaeRyon \ \ ST27 DaJu Tae Goo .\ ST 28 ShuiDao SuDo ST29 Gui Lai KwiRae ST 30 Qi Chong KiCh'ong ST 31 BiGuan PiGwan ST 32 FuTu Pu T'o ST 33 YinShi Urn Shi ST34 Liang Qi YangGu ST 35 DuBi TokPi ST36 Zu SanLi ChokSarnNi ( ST37 Shan Ju Xu Sang GoHo ST 38 TiaKou ChoGu ST 39 XiaJuXu HGoHo ST40 FengLong P'ungNyong ST 41 JiXi HaeGye ST42 Chong Yang Gh'ungYang ST43 XianGu HamGok ST44 Nei Ting Ne Jong ST45 LiDui Yo Ta'e Spleen Meridian Phase: Earth Type: Yin Acupoints: 21 (bilateral) Qi flow: 9AM-11AM Paired: Stomach

Symbol Chinese Korean SP 1 YinBai Urn Baek SP 2 DaDu TaeDo SP3 Tai Bai T'ae Baek SP4 Gong Sun Kong Son ' •••.....__ . SP 5 Shan Qui SangGu SP6 San YinJao SarnUrnGyo SP7 LouGu NuGok SP8 DiJi Chi Gi Yin Ling Quan Urn Nyong Ch'on SP 9 i .~, SP 10 XueHai Hyoi Rae SP 11 JiMen KiMun SP 12 Chong Men Ch'ungMu SP 13 Fu She PuSa SP 14 Fu Jie PokKyoi SP 15 DaHeng Tae Hoeng SP 16 FuAi PokAe SP 17 ShiDou ShikTu SP 18 TianXi Ch'on Gye SP 19 XiongXiang HyungHyang SP 20 ZhouRong Yong SP 21 DaBao Tae P'o

:J \ ""AT(YIlICAL. F'fU),.JT Heart Meridian Phase: Fire Type: Ym- Acupoints: 9 (bilateral) Qi flow: llAM-lPM Paired: Small Intestine

Symbol Chinese Korean HT 1 Ii Quan Kuk Ch'on HT 2 Qing Ling Ch'ong Nyong HT 3 ShaoHai So Hae HT4 LingDao YongDo HT 5 TongLi TongNi HT6 YiXi UmGuk HT7 ShenMen ShinMun HT 8 ShaoFu SoBu HT 9 Shao CHong So Ch'ong Small Intestine Meridian Phase: Fire Type: Yang Acupoints: 19 (bilateral) Qi flow: 1PM -3 PM Paired: Heart

Symbol Chinese Korean SII Shao Ze So T'aek SI2 Qian GU ChonGok SI3 HouXI HuGye SI4 WanGu WanGoi SI5 YangGu Yang Gok SI6 Yang Lao Yang No SI 7 Zheng Chi Jong SI8 XiaoHai So Hai SI 9 Jian Zhen Kon Jin SIlO Nao Shu NoYu SIll Tian Zong Chon Jong SI 12 Bing Feng P;yongPung SIB Qu Yuan KokWon SI14 Jian Wai Shu Kon WaeYu SI 15 Jian Zhong Shu Kon JungYu SI16 Tian Chuang Chon Chang SI 17 Tian Rong Chon Yong SI 18 Quan Liao Kuai Lyo SI 19 Ting Gong Chong Gong

, .j.....'.-.. {". ! r- -.::- ----_.~ f:" \ \. Bladder or Urinarv Bladder Meridian Phase: Water Type: Yang Acupoints: 67 (bilateral) Qi flow: 3PM-5PM Paired: Kidney *Note UB or BL may be seen as the Symbol for this Meridian. You May See Alternate Symbol Points in the areas of 35 through 50. Below are the most common Symbol Points. Symbol Chinese Korean DB 1 Jing Ming Ch'ong Myong DB 2 Zan Zhu Cham Juk DB 3 Mei Chong Mi Ch' ong DB 4 Qu Chai Kok Ch'a DB 5 Chu 0 Ch'o DB 6 Cheng Guang Sung Gwangg DB 7 Tong Tian Tong Ch'on DB 8 Luo Que Nak Kak DB 9 Yu Zhen Ok Chim DB 10 Tian Zhu Chon Chu UB 11 Da Zhu Tae Jo DB 12 FengMen PungMun DB 13 Fei Shu P'ye Yu DB 14 Ju Yin Shu Kwoi Urn Yu DB 15 Xin Shu Shim Yu VB 16 Du Shu Tok Yu DB 17 Ge Shu Kyok Yu DB 18 Gan Shu Kan Yu DB 19 Dan Shu Tam Yu DB 20 Pi Shu Pi Yu DB 21 Wei Shu Wi Yu DB 22 San Jiao Shu Sam Jo Yu DB 23 Shu Shin Yu DB 24 Qi Hai Shu Ki Hae Yu DB 25 Da Chang Shu Tae Jang Yu DB 26 Guan Yuan Shu Kwan Won Yu DB 27 Xiao Chang Shu So Jang Yu DB 28 Pang Guang Shu Bang Gwang Yu DB 29 Zhong Lu Shu Chung Nyo Yu DB 30 Bai Huan Shu Paek Hwan Yu DB 31 Shang Liao Sang Nyo DB 32 Ciao Liao Ch'aRyo DB 33 Zhong Liao Chung Ryo DB 34 Xia Liao Hy Ryo DB 35 Hui Yang Ho Yang DB 36 Cheng fu Sung Bu DB 37 Yin Men Un Mun DB 38 Fu Xi Pu Guk DB 40 Wei Zhong Wu Jung DB 41 Fu Fen Pu Bun DB 42 Po Hu Pak Ho DB 43 Gao Huang Shu Ko Hawang Yu DB 44 Shen Tang Shin Dang Bladder or Urinary Bladder Meridian Continued VB45 YiXi Hui Hui VB46 GuGuan KyokKwan VB 47 HunMen HonMun VB 48 Yang Gang Yang Gang VB 49 Yi She Ui Sa VB 50 Wei Cang Wi Ch'ang VB 51 Huang Men HwangMun VB 52 Zhi Shi Chi Shil VB 53 Bao Huang Po Hwang VB 54 Zhi Bian ChilByon VB 55 HeYang Hap Yang VB 56 Cheng Jin Sung VB 57 Cheng Shan Sung San VB 58 Fei Yang Pi Yang VB 59 Fu Yang Pu Yang VB60 Koi Lyun VB 61 PuCan PokCh'am VB 62 Shen Mai ShnMaek VB 63 JinMen KumMen VB 64 ling Gu Kyong Got VB65 ShuGu SokKol VB 66 TongGu TongGok VB 67 Zhi Yin Chi Urn Kidney Meridian Phase: Water Type: Yin Acupoints: 27 (bilateral) Qi flow: 5PM-7PM Paired: Urinary Bladder/Bladder Meridian *Note KI or KD may be seen as the Symbol for this Meridian. Symbol Chinese Korean KD 1 Yong Quan Yong Ch' on KD 2 Ran Gu Yon Gok KD 3 Tai Xi T'ae Gye KD 4 Da Zhong Tae Jong 21 KD 5 Shui Quan Su Ch' on \ r" .:zc. KD 6 Zhao Hai Cho Rae 1. KD 7 Fi Liu Pong Nyu I .•.25 KD 8 Jiao Xin Kyo Shin z.•• KD 9 ZhuBin Ch'ukPin '2J KD 10 Yin Gu Urn Gok KD 11 Hen Gu Hoeng Goi ~2 KD 12 Da He Tae Hyok .- :,,( KD 13 Qu Xue Ky Hoyi KD 14 Si Man Sa Man \'' ' ~oI'" .- KD 15 Zhong Zhu Chung Ju ,"6 KD 16 Huang Shu Hwang Yu KD 17 Shang Qu Sang Gok ,1 t / ..-..-~"' KD 18 Shi Guan Sok Kwan KD 19 YinDu Urn Do ! l~ KD 20 Tong Gu Tong Gok lS KD21 YouMen YuMun r'< 1'1 KD 22 Bu Lang Po Rang A \." .~\_.) ~ KD 23 Shen Feng Shin Bong /'. tl KD 24 Ling Xu Yong Ho ~" .~ KD 25 Shen Cang Shing J KD 26 Yu Zhong Uk Jung KD27 ShFu YuBu Pericardium Meridian Phase: Fire Type: Yin Acupoints: 9 (bilateral) Qi flow: 7PM to 9PM Paired: San Jiao (Triple Warmer) Symbol Chinese Korean PC 1 Tian Chi Ch'on Ii PC 2 Tian Quan Ch'on Yon PC3 QuZe KokT'aek PC 4 Xi Men Kung Mun PC 5 Jian Shi Kan Sa PC 6 Nei Guan Ne Gwan PC 7 Da Ling Tae Ryong PC 8 Lao Gong No Gong PC 9 Zhong Chong Chung Ch'ong Triple Warmertrriple Heater ISan Jiao Meridian Phase: Fire Type: Yang Acupoints: 23 (bilateral) Qi flow: 9PM to IlPM Paired: Pericardium *Note: TW or SJ may be seen as a Symbol for this Meridian. Symbol Chinese Korean SJ 1 Guan Chong Kwan Ch'ong SJ 2 Ye Men Aeng Moo SJ 3 Zhong Zhu Choog Jo SJ 4 Yang Chi Yang Ji SJ 5 Wai Guan Wae Gwan SJ 6 Zhi Gou Chi Gu SJ 7 Hu Zong Hoe Jong SJ 8 San Yang Luo Sam Yang Nak SJ 9 Si Du Sa Dok SJ 10 Tian Jing Chon Jong SJ 11 QingLengYuan Chong NaengYon SJ 12 Xiao Luo So Rak SJ 13 Nao Hui Noe Hoe SJ 14 Jian Liao Koi Lyo SJ 15 Tian Liao Ch oi Lyo SJ 16 Tian You Chon Yu SJ 17 Yi Feng Ye Pung SJ 18 Chi Mai Kye Maek S1l9 Lu Xi No Shik SJ 20 Jiao Soo Kak Son SJ 21 Er Men I Moo SJ 22 He Liao Hwa Ryo SJ 23 Si Zhu Kong Shi Juk Ko ' Gallbladder Phase: Wood Type: Yang Acupoints: 44 (bilateral) Qi flow: llPM to lAM Paired: Liver Symbol Chinese Korean GB 1 Tong Zi Liao Tong Ja Ryo GB 2 Ting Hui Chong Hoe GB 3 Shang Guan Sang Gwan GB 4 Han Yan Ham Yon GB 5 Xuan Lu Hyoi Lo GB 6 Xuan Li Hyoi Lye GB 7 Qu Bin Kok Pin GB 8 Shuai Gu Soe Gol GB 9 Tian Chong Chon Chong 2.t-+23 GB 10 Fu Bia Pu Baek LoGAf"£'C GB 11 Tou Qiao Yin Tu Gyu Urn u ~o,,-Q All. "'" GB 12 Wan Gu Wan Gol S"''' ",B GB 13 Ben Shen Pon Shin GB 14 Yang Bia Yang Baek GB 15 Tou Lin Qi Tu Rim Up GB 16 Mu Chuang Mok Ch'ang GB 17 Zheng Ying Chong Young GB 18 Cheng Ling Sung Nyong GB 19 Nao Kong noe Gong GB 20 Feng Chi p'ung Ji GB 21 Jina Jing Kon Jong GB 22 Yuan Ye Yon Aek GB 23 Zhe Jin Chop Kun GB 24 Ri Yue 11Woi GB 25 Jing Men Kyong Mun GB 26 Dia Mai Tae Maek GB 27 Wu Shu a Ch'u GB 28 Wei Dao Yu Do GB 29 Ju Liao Ko Ryo GB 30 Huan Tiao Hwan Jo GB 31 Feng Shi Pung Shi GB 32 Zhong Du Chung Dok GB 33 Xl Yang Guan ChiL Yang Gwan GB 34 Yang Ling Quang Yang Nyong Ch' on GB 35 Yang Jio Yang Gyo GB 36 Wai Qiu Wae Gu GB 37 GuangMing KeangMyong GB 38 YangFu YangBu GB 39 Xuan Zhong Hyon Jong GB 40 Qiu Xu Ku Ho GB 41 Zu Lin Qi Chong Nim Up GB 42 Di Wu Hui Chi a Hoe GB 43 Jia Xi Hyop Kye GB 44 Zu Qiao Yin Chok Kyu Urn Liver Meridian Phase: Wood Type: Yin Acupoints: l4(bilateral) Qi flow: lAM to 3AM Paired: Gallbladder Symbol Chinese Korean LV 1 DaDlUl TaeDon LV 2 Xing Jian HaengGan LV 3 Tai Chong Tae Ch'ong LV 4 Zhong Feng ChlUlgBong LV 5 Li Gou YoGu LV 6 ZhongDu ChlUlgDo LV7 Xi Guan Chil Gwan LV8 QuQuan Kok Ch'on LV9 YinBao Urn Po LV 10 Zu WuLi ORi LV 11 YinLian Urn Nyorn LV 12 Ji Mai KurnMaek LV 13 Zhang Men ChangMlUl LV 14 QiMen Ki MlUl Bladder or Urinary Bladder Meridian Continued 00 45 YiXi HuiHui 0046 GuGuan KyokKwan 00 47 HunMen HonMun 00 48 Yang Gang Yang Gang 00 49 Yi She Ui Sa 00 50 Wei Cang Wi Ch'ang 00 51 Huang Men HwangMun 00 52 Zhi Shi Chi Shil 00 53 Bao Huang Po Hwang 00 54 Zhi Bian ChilByon 00 55 He Yang Hap Yang 00 56 Cheng Jin Sung Gun 00 57 Cheng Shan Sung San 00 58 Fei Yang Pi Yang 00 59 Fu Yang Pu Yang 0060 KunLun KoiLyun 00 61 PuCan PokCh'am 00 62 Shen Mai ShnMaek 00 63 JinMen KumMen ~i 00 64 Jing Gu KyongGot ._U--~_. 00 65 ShuGu SokKol 00 66 TongGu TongGok 00 67 Zhi Yin Chi Urn Kidney Meridian Phase: Water Type: Yin Acupoints: 27 (bilateral) Qi flow: 5PM- 7PM Paired: Urinary BladderlBladder Meridian *Note KI or KD may be seen as the Symbol for this Meridian. Symbol Chinese Korean KD 1 Yong Quan Yong Ch' on KD 2 Ran Gu Yon Gok KD 3 Tai Xi T'ae Gye KD 4 Da Zhong Tae Jong KD 5 Shui Quan Su Ch'on KD 6 Zhao Hai Cho Hae KD 7 Fi Liu Pong Nyu KD 8 Jiao Xin Kyo Shin KD 9 Zhu Bin Ch'uk Pin KD 10 Yin Gu Urn Gok KD 11 Hen Gu Hoeng Goi KD 12 Da He Tae Hyok KD 13 Qu Xue Ky Hoyi KD 14 SiMan Sa Man KD 15 Zhong Zhu Chung Ju KD 16 Huang Shu Hwang Yu KD 17 Shang Qu Sang Gok KD 18 Shi Guan Sok Kwan KD 19 YinDu Urn Do KD 20 Tong Gu Tong Gok KD21 You Men YuMun KD 22 Bu Lang Po Rang KD 23 Shen Feng Shin Bong KD 24 Ling Xu Yong Ho KD 25 Shen Cang Shing J KD 26 Yu Zhong Uk Jung KD27 ShFu YuBu Triple Warmerffriple Heater tSan Jiao Meridian Phase: Fire Type: Yang Acupoints: 23 (bilateral) Qi flow: 9PM to IlPM Paired: Pericardium *Note: TW or SJ may be seen as a Symbol for this Meridian. Symbol Chinese Korean SJ 1 Guan Chong Kwan Ch'ong SJ 2 Ye Men Aeng Mun SJ 3 Zhong Zhu Chung Jo SJ 4 Yang Chi Yang Ji SJ 5 Wai Guan Wae Gwan SJ 6 Zhi Gou Chi Gu SJ 7 Hu Zong Hoe Jong SJ 8 San Yang Luo Sam Yang Nak SJ 9 Si Du Sa Dok SJ 10 Tian Jing Chon Jong SJ 11 QingLengYuan Chong NaengYon SJ 12 Xiao Luo So Rak SJ 13 Nao Hui Noe Hoe SJ 14 Jian Liao Koi Lyo SJ 15 Tian Liao Ch oi Lyo SJ 16 Tian You Chon Yu SJ 17 Yi Feng Ye Pung SJ 18 Chi Mai Kye Maek SJ 19 Lu Xi No Shik SJ 20 Jiao Sun Kak Son SJ 21 Er Men I Mun SJ 22 He Liao Hwa Ryo SJ 23 Si Zhu Kong Shi Juk Ko

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'7-'~ Small Intestine Meridian Phase: Fire Type: Yang Acupoints: 19 (bilateral) Qi flow: IPM -3 PM Paired: Heart

Symbol Chinese Korean S11 ShaoZe So T'aek S12 QianGU Chon Gok S13 RouX! RuGye S14 WanGu WanGoi S15 YangGu YangGok S16 Yang Lao Yang No S17 ZhiZheng Chi Jong ~.,,-.., S18 Xiao Hai So Rai S19 Han Zhen KonJin SIlO Nao Shu NoYu SIll TianZong Chon Jong ", S112 Bing Feng P;yongPung -".-~, SI13 QuYuan KokWon ( S114 Han Wai Shu Kon WaeYu S115 Jian Zhong Shu KonJungYu S116 TianChuang Chon Chang S117 TianRong Chon Yong S118 QuanLiao Kuai Lyo S119 TingGong Chong Gong