Le Soleil À La Renaissance Et À L'âge Classique

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Le Soleil À La Renaissance Et À L'âge Classique Le Soleil à la Renaissance et à l’âge classique Actes, enrichis de contributions supplémentaires, de la journée d’études tenue à l’Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (20 novembre 2015) édités par François Roudaut et Jean-François Stoffel Revue des Questions Scientifiques, 2018, 189 (4) : 369-370 Table des matières Le Soleil à la Renaissance et à l’âge classique François Roudaut & Jean-François Stoffel .................................. 371 Avant-propos Michel Blay ...................................................................................................... 373 Soleil de Copernic et soleil de Galilée [= Sun of Copernicus and Sun of Galileo] Édouard Mehl ................................................................................................. 391 Le Soleil au cinquième concile du Latran (1512-1516) : Copernic et la réforme du calendrier julien [= The Sun in the Fifth Council of the Lat- eran (1512-1516): Copernicus and the reform of the Julian calendar] Jean-François Stoffel ................................................................................. 409 « Qui choisirait de poser ce flambeau dans un lieu autre ou meilleur que celui d’où il peut illuminer le tout simultanément ? » : examen de la per- tinence d’un argument copernicien de convenance [= “For in this most beautiful temple, who would place this lamp in another or better posi- tion than that from which it can light up the whole thing at the same time?”: an examination of the relevance of a Copernican argument of convenience] François Roudaut ......................................................................................... 459 Le Soleil chez quelques lexicographes et vulgarisateurs [= The Sun accord- ing to selected lexicographers and popularisers] Jean Céard ......................................................................................................... 487 Le Soleil selon les physiciens de la Renaissance [= The Sun according to the Renaissance physicists] Daniel Ménager .............................................................................................. 499 Le soleil dans les fêtes de cour sous les derniers Valois [= The Sun in the Court Festivals under the last of the Valois] Jean Seidengart .............................................................................................. 511 La parenté du Soleil et des étoiles fixes dans la cosmologie de Giordano Bruno [= The relationship between the Sun and fixed stars in Giordano Bruno’s cosmology] 370 revue des questions scientifiques Daniel Špelda ................................................................................................... 531 Les soleils et leurs observateurs au XVIIe siècle [= The Suns and their 17th century observers] Viviane Mellinghoff-Bourgerie ........................................................... 579 Connivences héliologiques entre théologie et astronomie chez François de Sales et Bérulle : le cas du barnabite Redento Baranzano [= Heliologic parallels between theology and astronomy in the works of Francis de Sales and Pierre de Bérulle: The case of the Barnabite, Redento Baran- zano] Tomáš Nejeschleba ....................................................................................... 611 De la métaphysique de la lumière à l’héliocentrisme : la vision du Soleil selon Valérien Magni [= From the Metaphysics of Light to Heliocen- trism: Valerianus Magnus’ Concept of the Sun] Les auteurs ........................................................................................................ 629 La Rédaction de la Revue des Questions Scientifiques remercie les experts sollicités tout au long de cette année 2018, à savoir : Virgil Bru (kinésithérapeute & ostéopathe) — Fabien Buisseret (Haute école Louvain-en-Hai- naut) — Joël Castonguay-Bélanger (The University of British Columbia, Vancouver) — Phi- lippe Caspar (Hôpital Sainte-Thérèse de Bastogne) — Michel Crucifix Université( catholique de Louvain) — Éliane de Brabandere (Haute école libre de Bruxelles Ilya Prigogine) — Jean-Claude Delagardelle (Université du Luxembourg) — Christine Detrembleur (Université catholique de Louvain) — Jean G. Dhombres (École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales) — Claire Die- derich (Université de Namur) — Marie d’Udekem d’Acoz-Gevers (Université de Namur) — Jean-Claude Duplessy (Laboratoire des sciences du climat et de l’environnement) — Bertrand Hespel (Université de Namur) — Eberhard Knobloch (Berlin University of Technology) — Pas- cal Ide (Séminaire Saint Joseph, Bordeaux) — Dominique Lambert (Université de Namur) — Claude Langlois (École Pratique des Hautes études) — Fábio Rodrigo Leite Universidade( de São Paulo) — Guillaume Lenoir (Université catholique de Louvain) — Sébastien Marrone (Université de Toulouse III Paul Sabatier) — Michèle Mazeau (médecin de rééducation) — Jean Mawhin (Université catholique de Louvain) — Astrid Modera (Université de Namur) — Didier Paillard (Laboratoire des sciences du climat et de l’environnement) — André Pétry (Haute école de la province de Liège) — Patricia Radelet-de Grave (Université catholique de Louvain) — François Roudaut (Université Paul-Valéry Montpellier III) — Jacques Scheuer (Université ca- tholique de Louvain) — Jean Seidengart (Université Paris Ouest-Nanterre) — Daniel Špelda (Institute of Philosophy of the Czech Academy of Sciences) — Jean-François Stoffel Haute( école Louvain-en-Hainaut) — Brigitte Van Wymeersch (Université catholique de Louvain) — Mi- chel Willem (Université catholique de Louvain) Revue des Questions Scientifiques, 2018, 189 (4) : 371-372 Avant-propos François Roudaut Jean-François Stoffel Université Paul-Valéry Haute école de Louvain-en-Hainaut (Montpellier III) Catégorie paramédicale [email protected] [email protected] Bien qu’épais, ce numéro spécial consacré au Soleil à la Renaissance et à l’âge classique ne comporte que dix communications. C’est que le sujet est devenu très complexe, ce qui induit des recherches toujours plus fouillées et toujours plus attentives aux résultats déjà obtenus antérieurement. Il semble en effet que dans le domaine de l’histoire des sciences et dans celui de l’analyse des textes littéraires et théologiques, de nombreux travaux concernant l’astre du jour en- visagé du point de vue de l’histoire des idées ont paru au cours de ces soixante dernières années. Pour nous en tenir aux ouvrages collectifs publiés auprès d’édi- teurs francophones ou ayant connu une publication en langue française, nous rappellerons, en 1962, le numéro spécial de la revue Graphis dirigé par Walter Herdeg et intitulé Le Soleil dans l’art1. L’année suivante se tenait à Bruxelles le colloque international Le Soleil à la Renaissance : sciences et mythes2 qui, tout au long de ses vingt-cinq communications s’est efforcé d’étudier, du XVe au XVIIe siècle et sous différents angles (scientifique, philosophique, religieux, médical, etc.), l’astre qui éclaire nos vies. Vingt ans plus tard, en 1983, nous signalerons le colloque organisé par le Centre universitaire d’études et de recherches mé- 1. Le Soleil dans l’art : symboles du soleil du passé à nos jours, païens ou chrétiens, tirés du folk- lore, des beaux-arts et des arts appliqués / réalisé par Walter Herdeg, Zurich : Amstutz & Herdeg, Graphis Press, 1962, 156 p. Texte en français, allemand et anglais. 2. Le Soleil à la Renaissance : sciences et mythes. Colloque international tenu en avril 1963 […], Bruxelles, Presses Universitaires de Bruxelles ; Paris, Presses Universitaires de France, 1965. Contributions en français et en anglais. Dans le compte rendu qu’il a consacré à ce volume (Bibliothèque d’Humanisme et Renaissance, 1966, pp. 785-787), Jean-Claude Margolin, après avoir loué la qualité des contributions qui s’y trouvent rassemblées, re- grettait qu’il n’y ait pas eu un « décloisonnement beaucoup plus hardi des diverses disci- plines » (p. 786). 372 revue des questions scientifiques diévales d’Aix-en-Provence intitulé Le Soleil, la Lune et les étoiles au moyen âge3, dont une dizaine de communications est spécifiquement consacrée à l’astre du jour. N’oublions pas, en 1993, l’ouvrage collectif Le Soleil : mythologies et repré- sentations4. Plus récemment, à savoir en 2017, nous relèverons enfin que quatre articles ont été réunis dans les Archives internationales d’histoire des sciences par Chantal Grell5. Du côté des monographies francophones d’envergure scien- tifique, si aucune synthèse spécifiquement consacrée au Soleil n’a encore vu le jour, nous mentionnerons, de façon peut-être marginale, mais néanmoins intéressante, en 2016, un ouvrage de Florent Libral s’intéressant aux rapports entre rhétorique et optique à l’époque classique6. La prise en compte des autres langues ne ferait que renforcer notre constat. Moins nombreuses donc, car plus fouillées et par conséquent souvent plus longues, nous espérons que les contributions réunies dans ce numéro confir- meront, elles aussi, que les études consacrées au Soleil sont désormais arrivées à un niveau de maturité qui rend possible une prochaine synthèse consacrée à cet astre. Au seuil de ce numéro, il nous plaît de remercier ceux qui furent orateurs lors du colloque à l’origine de ce projet (M. Blay, J. Céard, Éd. Mehl, V. Mellin- ghoff-Bourgerie et D. Ménager) tout autant que ceux qui nous ont fait l’amitié d’enrichir les actes de cette manifestation initiale par leurs contributions ulté- rieures (T. Nejeschleba, D. Špelda et J. Seidengart). Enfin, nous sommes recon- naissant envers la Société scientifique de Bruxelles d’avoir accepté la publica- tion
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