How Presidents' Personality Traits Lead To
THE QUEST FOR UNCONTESTED POWER: HOW PRESIDENTS’ PERSONALITY TRAITS LEAD TO CONSTITUTIONAL CHANGE IN THE WESTERN HEMISPHERE by Ignacio Arana Araya B.A. in Journalism and Mass Communication, Universidad Católica de Chile, 2002 M.A. in Political Science, Universidad de Chile, 2007 M.A. in Political Science, University of Pittsburgh, 2010 Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Kenneth P. Dietrich School of Arts and Science in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Pittsburgh 2015 UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH THE DIETRICH SCHOOL OF ARTS AND SCIENCES This dissertation was presented by Ignacio Arana Araya It was defended on September 10, 2015 and approved by John Carey, Chair, Department of Government, Dartmouth College Silvia Borzutzky, Teaching Professor, Heinz College, Carnegie Mellon University Kevin Morrison, Associate Professor, Political Science, University of Pittsburgh Scott Morgenstern, Associate Professor, Political Science, University of Pittsburgh Dissertation Advisor: Aníbal Pérez-Liñán, Professor, Political Science, University of Pittsburgh ii Copyright © by Ignacio Arana Araya 2015 iii THE QUEST FOR UNCONTESTED POWER: HOW PRESIDENTS’ PERSONALITY TRAITS LEAD TO CONSTITUTIONAL CHANGE IN THE WESTERN HEMISPHERE Ignacio Arana Araya, PhD University of Pittsburgh, 2015 Does it matter who the president is? If so, how does it matter? Most political science research that analyzes the presidency treats the individual differences of presidents as “residual variance.” I challenge this approach arguing that presidents’ decisions are shaped by their individual differences. I test the argument examining which presidents attempt to make constitutional changes to increase their powers or relax their term limits. Considering presidents who were governing by 1945, thirty eight leaders of the Western Hemisphere have made such attempts forty eight times.
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