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Ancient Cyprus, Cultures in Dialogue

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Ancient Cyprus, Cultures in Dialogue ANCIENT CYPRUS ANCIENT Cultures in Dialogue Cultures The exhibition is under the auspices of Cyprus’ Presidency of the Council of the European Union NICOSIA 2012 EXHIBITION CATALOGUE Department of Antiquities NICOSIA 2012 Cyprus Department of Antiquities Royal Museums of Art and History Cyprus Brussels Department of Antiquities, Cyprus ANCIENT CYPRUS: cultures in dialogue Exhibition organized by the Department of Antiquities, Cyprus, on the occasion of Cyprus’ Presidency of the Council of the European Union 2012 Royal Museums of Art and History, Brussels October 31, 2012 – February 17, 2013 EXHIBITION CATALOGUE Editors: Despina Pilides Nikolas Papadimitriou Department of Antiquities, Cyprus Nicosia 2012 EXHIBITION CATALOGUE ABBREVIATIONS OF THE CATALOGUE AUTHORS Organization Production Department of Antiquities, Cyprus Department of Antiquities, Cyprus A.D.G. Anne Destrooper-Georgiades A.J. Ariane Jacobs Participating institutions Editors A.K. Anthi Kaldeli Cyprus Despina Pilides A.Q. Amaud Quertinmont Nikolas Papadimitriou Department of Antiquities, Cyprus A.S. Alison South A.ST. Anna Satraki Cyprus Museum Graphic Designer A.U. Anja Ulbrich Larnaca District Museum Lydia Kyprianou D.M. Demetrios Michaelides Limassol District Museum D.P. Despina Pilides Paphos District Museum Printing E.A. Efthymia Alphas Kouklia Local Museum Imprinta Ltd E.G. Eric Gubel Marion-Arsinoe Local Museum Kourion-Episkopi Local Museum E.M. Evangeline Markou Editing of English texts E.P. Edgar Peltenburg Pierides - Laiki Bank Museum Ian Todd E.R. Efstathios Raptou Geological Survey Department Alison South E.Z.K. Eftychia Zachariou-Kaila Efthymios Shaftacolas F.H. Fryni Hadjichristofi Belgium G.G. Giorgos Georgiou Maps and drawings Royal Museums of Art and History, Brussels G.P. George Papasavvas Royal Museum of Mariemont Mary Makri-Chamberlain J.W. Jennifer Webb Museum of Louvain-la-Neuve Kyriakos Lyras J.S. Joanna Smith Lydia Kyprianou K.N. Karin Nys United Kingdom K.P. Katerina Papanikolaou Assistant editor for maps The British Museum, London K.PR. Katerina Prodromou Andria Avgousti Ashmolean Museum, Oxford M.H. Maria Hadjicosti M.S. Melissa Samaes Head Curator Objects photography N.M. Natacha Massar Despina Pilides Andreas Savva N.P. Nikolas Papadimitriou Athanasios Athanasiou P.C. Polina Christophi Museology Curator Maria Hadjinikolaou (archive) S.D. Stella Demesticha Nikolas Papadimitriou and the Photographic Departments T.K. Thomas Kiely of the collaborating institutions V.K. Vasiliki Kassianidou Assistant Curator (see also Photographic Credits) Y.V. Yiannis Violaris Efthymia Alphas Z.Z. Zomenia Zomeni Exhibition Designer Bessy Drougka Graphic Designer EXHIBITION (cont.) Christine-Joanne Lamprou Translation assistants Multimedia Andria Avgousti Paschalis Papapetrou Antigone Poyiatzi Christos Paphitis Elena Prokopiou The Cyprus Institute Conservation With the collaboration of: Specialized drawings Eleni Loizides, Antigoni Christophi, Kyriakos Lyras Chrystalla Kypri, Nicoletta Miltiadous, the Mediterranean Archaeological Lydia Kyprianou Ourania Makri, Elias Kyriakides, Research Institute (MARI), Dina Constantinou, Lefteris Charalambous Vrije Universiteit Brussel French translations and the Conservation Departments Prof. Gilles Touchais (coordination) of collaborating institutions Catherine Bouras Efstathios Raptou Additional constructions, supports and mounts Dutch translations FMR sprl, Belgium Andreas Economides and team, Prof. Karin Nys (coordination) Carpentry workshop of the Inneke Schwickert © Department of Antiquities, Cyprus, 2012 Department of Antiquities, Cyprus Kostas Anastasiades The Camassa Touch, Cyprus ISBN 978-9963-36-455-8 The exhibition is under the auspices of Cyprus’ Presidency of the Council of the European Union Organization Department of Antiquities Cyprus Contents Foreword, Mr Efthemios Flourentzou, Minister of Communications and Works, Republic of Cyprus .....................................................................................8 Foreword, Dr Michel Draguet, General Director a.i., Royal Museums of Art and History, Brussels ..........................................................................................8 Foreword, Dr Maria Hadjicosti, Director, Department of Antiquities, Cyprus ......... ......................................................................................................................9 Chronology ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 10 Map of Cyprus ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 12 Map of the Central and Eastern Mediterranean ............................................................................................................................................................................... 14 1. Introduction ................................................................................................................... Despina Pilides ....................................................................................... 16 2. Cultures in dialogue: exhibiting the past of an island ......................................... Nikolas Papadimitriou & Efthymia Alphas ....................................... 18 The birth of Cypriot archaeology 3. I. From treasure hunting to systematic excavation .............................................. Despina Pilides ....................................................................................... 22 II. Cyprus and Belgium ................................................................................................ Eric Gubel & Natacha Massar ............................................................ 24 III. The Cypriot Collection at the Ashmolean Museum ....................................... Anja Ulbrich ........................................................................................... 26 IV. The British Museum excavations on Cyprus in the 1890s ............................ Thomas Kiely .......................................................................................... 28 V. The Swedish Cyprus Expedition: the fi rst comprehensive study of the island’s ancient history ....................... Karin Nys ................................................................................................. 30 The ancient history of Cyprus 4. The geology of Cyprus .............................................................................................. Zomenia Zomeni ................................................................................... 34 5. Neolithic period ............................................................................................................ Alain Le Brun .......................................................................................... 38 Case study: Ayios Tychonas-Klimonas .................................................................... Jean Guilaine, Jean-Denis Vigne & François Briois ........................ 42 6. Chalcolithic period ....................................................................................................... Edgar Peltenburg ................................................................................... 44 Case study: Souskiou ................................................................................................... Edgar Peltenburg ................................................................................... 48 7. Early and Middle Bronze Age ................................................................................... Jennifer M. Webb & David Frankel .................................................... 50 Case study: Marki ......................................................................................................... Jennifer M. Webb & David Frankel .................................................... 54 8. Late Bronze Age ........................................................................................................... Despina Pilides ....................................................................................... 56 Case study: Hala Sultan Tekke .................................................................................. Karin Nys ................................................................................................. 60 9. Early Iron Age ............................................................................................................... Maria Iacovou ........................................................................................ 62 Case study: Idalion ....................................................................................................... Maria Hadjicosti ..................................................................................... 66 10. Hellenistic and Roman period ................................................................................... Demetrios Michaelides ......................................................................... 68 Case study: Paphos-Glyky Nero................................................................................ Efstathios Raptou ................................................................................... 72 Thematic essays 11. Natural resources and the importance of copper
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