27 4. ANALISIS DATA 4.1. Profil Park Jae-Sang (Psy) Dalam Penelitian Ini, Akan Dibahas Mengenai Citra Yang Ditunjukkan Oleh

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27 4. ANALISIS DATA 4.1. Profil Park Jae-Sang (Psy) Dalam Penelitian Ini, Akan Dibahas Mengenai Citra Yang Ditunjukkan Oleh 4. ANALISIS DATA 4.1. Profil Park Jae-Sang (Psy) Dalam penelitian ini, akan dibahas mengenai citra yang ditunjukkan oleh Psy sebagai seorang bintang melalui teks media, setelah ia menjadi terkenal secara internasional dengan lagunya Gangnam Style. Peneliti akan menjabarkan profil dari Psy dengan membagi ke dalam dua bagian, yaitu Psy sebelum dan sesudah Gangnam Style menjadi hits dalam industri musik internasional. 4.1.1. PSY sebelum Gangnam Style Park Jae-Sang atau yang lebih akrab dikenal dengan Psy adalah pria kelahiran 31 Desember 1977, yang lahir dan besar di Korea Selatan. Psy berasal dari keluarga yang mampu, di mana ayahnya yaitu Park Won-Ho adalah executive chairman dan pemegang saham dari CI Corporation, sebuah produsen peralatan manufaktur semikonduktor yang terdaftar di Korea Exchange (Kim, 2012, para.2). Sedangkan ibunya, yaitu Kim Young-Hee, memiliki beberapa restoran di Gangnam, salah satunya adalah restoran Jepang yaitu Nekko Manma di jalan Garosugil kawasan Gangnam (Harris, 2013, para.14). Saat ini, Psy telah menikah dengan Yoo Hye-Hoen dan memiliki dua putri kembar kelahiran tahun 2007. Dalam hal pendidikan, Psy menempuh pendidikan SD dan SMP di Banpo Elementary School, Banpo Middle School, dan SMA di Sehwa, Korea Selatan. Akan tetapi, ia kemudian melanjutkan kuliah di Amerika menjadi mahasiswa di Boston University pada tahun 1997 (Lee Na Rae, 2012, p.4-6). Psy pada saat itu merasa bahwa ia belum siap dan dunia bisnis yang dipelajarinya di Boston University tidak cocok untuknya, sehingga ia memutuskan keluar dari universitas tersebut secara sepihak tanpa diketahui oleh kedua orang tuanya. Ia pun pindah berkuliah di Barklee College of Music. Saat sedang berkuliah di Barklee, ia telah mencoba untuk menulis lagu sesuai karakteristiknya, yaitu rap. Ia membuat albumnya sendiri secara ilegal yang berisi lagu non-stop bergenre rap (mp3) dan dijual di Boston. Dan ternyata lagunya tersebut disukai dan dibeli oleh masyarakat Boston (SBS Healing Camp, 13 Agustus 2012). 27 Universitas Kristen Petra Setelah 3 tahun di Amerika, Psy kemudian memutuskan untuk berhenti kuliah di Barklee dan kembali ke Korea untuk memulai karirnya dalam bidang musik (Wi Tack Whan, 2012, para.7). Sebelum Psy masuk ke dalam industri musik Korea, ia tampil pertama kali di televisi pada tahun 2000, ketika ia sedang menari-nari dan menarik perhatian seorang produser TV. Saat itu, Psy bernari-nari dan berteriak “look at me”, sehingga orang-orang di sana memanggil security. Tetapi keunikan Psy tersebut membuat produser tersebut mendekatinya dan bertanya apa nama tarian tersebut, karena produser tersebut belum pernah melihat tarian tersebut sebelumnya. Dari sinilah perjalanan karir Psy dalam industri musik dimulai (Harrison, 2012, para.6-7). Psy memulai awal karirnya dalam industri musik pada tahun 2001 dengan album pertamanya yang berjudul “PSY... From the Psycho World!” dengan labelnya (agensi) sendiri yaitu LNLT Entertainment. Kedatangan Psy dalam dunia industri musik ini tidak berjalan mulus karena penampilannya yang “nyeleneh”, dan memiliki bentuk fisik yang jauh dari ekspektasi masyarakat Korea Selatan yang memuja kesempurnaan fisik. Selain itu, album pertamanya ini juga membuatnya didenda karena liriknya yang dianggap tidak sopan dalam budaya Korea Selatan dan dirasa dapat membawa pengaruh buruk bagi kaum muda. Contoh lirik lagunya yang kontroversi adalah pada lagu utamanya dalam album ini yaitu “Bird”, terdapat kalimat “이 10 원짜리야 여기선 웃어 나에게 와선” yang berarti “kamu gadis 10 sen (won), apakah kamu tertawa sekarang?”. Di Korea, 10 sen (십원) dekat dengan arti “f-ck” (Psy – Sae / Bird, 2012, para.8). Tidak hanya itu, dalam album pertama ini juga, terdapat satu lagu Psy yang berjudul “I Love Sex”, di mana ini dianggap konten yang tidak cocok bagi kaum muda (minor atau di bawah usia 19 tahun). Kemudian di album keduanya, yaitu “Ssa2” dengan label yang sama juga, ia kembali menuai kontroversi yang dianggap lirik lagunya tersebut memberikan pengaruh buruk bagi anak muda. Album itu kemudian diberi label hanya dijual untuk orang yang berusia di atas 19 tahun. Dengan dua kali terjadinya peneguran tersebut, Psy dijuluki sebagai penyanyi yang aneh di Korea Selatan (Lee Na Rae, 2012, p.4). 28 Universitas Kristen Petra Pada bulan September 2002, Psy kembali lagi mengeluarkan album ketiganya “3 PSY” masih dengan label yang sama. Akan tetapi, lagu ciptaannya tidak menuai kontoversi seperti sebelumnya. Lagunya tersebut berjudul “Champion” yang memanfaatkan momen Piala Dunia yang digelar di Seoul pada saat itu (Lee Na Rae, 2012, p.4). Lagu champion ini mendapat sambutan baik dan sukses besar di Korea Selatan. Setelah ia selesai menyelesaikan promosi lagu champion, ia memutuskan untuk masuk wajib militer terlebih dahulu sebelum melanjutkan karirnya. Psy melakukan wajib militer tahun 2003 hingga tahun 2005. Tetapi, ia tidak melakukannya dengan baik, sehingga Psy harus kembali melakukan wajib militer kedua kalinya pada tahun 2007 sampai tahun 2009 (Lee Na Rae, 2012, p.5). Sebelum ia melakukan wajib militer yang kedua kali, ia sempat mengeluarkan album keempatnya terlebih dahulu. Album keempatnya berjudul “Sa Jib” dengan label yang masih sama, dan tidak disangka mendapat sambutan baik. Beberapa lagu dalam album ini seperti Entertainer, We Are The One, dan Beautiful Goodbye membuat ia memenangkan penghargaan dari SBS Music Awards dan Mnet Asian Music Awards (Psy Biographie, n.d.). Pada tahun 2010, agensi entertainment artis yang ia miliki sendiri yaitu LNLT Entertainment mengalami kesulitan keuangan. Psy juga merasa ia perlu perlindungan dalam industri musik. Kemudian, sang istri mendesaknya untuk bergabung dengan sebuah agensi, di mana CEO-nya merupakan teman dari Psy sendiri, yaitu YG Entertainment, salah satu agensi ternama di Korea Selatan. Lalu akhirnya Psy setuju dan resmi bergabung dengan YG Entertainment. Pada bulan Oktober 2010, Psy kembali mengeluarkan album kelimanya yang bertajuk “Psy Five” dengan agensi barunya tersebut. Akan tetapi, album tersebut kembali menuai kontroversi dari lirik lagunya yang dianggap “cabul”. Pemerintah Korea mengambil contoh kalimat yang terdapat dalam lirik lagu tersebut yaitu “life is like toxic alcohol”, yang dianggap mengajarkan hal buruk bagi anak-anak muda. Hal ini membuat pihak Ministry of Gender Equality and Family memberikan stiker R19 yang berarti hanya untuk umur di atas 19 tahun (Psy’s “Right Now” gets banned by the Ministry of Gender Equality and Family, 2011, para.1). 29 Universitas Kristen Petra 4.1.2. PSY setelah Gangnam Style Pada tahun 2012 dengan persiapan sekitar 2 tahun, Psy mengeluarkan album keenamnya yang berjudul “Psy’s Best 6th Part 1” dengan lagu hits-nya yaitu Gangnam Style, membuat karirnya semakin meroket (Lee Na Rae, 2012, p.5). Video musik Gangnam Style ini pertama kali dirilis pada tanggal 15 Juli 2012 di situs YouTube. Kesuksesan Psy dengan lagunya tersebut membuat Guinness World Record menobatkan Gangnam Style menjadi video paling banyak disukai sepanjang sejarah YouTube pada 20 September 2012 (‘Gangnam Style’ Masuk Buku Rekor Dunia, 2012, para.2). Tidak hanya sampai di situ, Psy juga menjadi penyanyi Korea pertama yang berhasil menduduki ranking nomer 1 dalam U.S. iTunes chart (Psy reaches #1 on the U.S. iTunes Chart!, 2012, para.1). Dalam chart musik di Korea, yaitu pada salah satu acara musik mingguan “KBS Music Bank” ia berhasil menjadi pemenang 10 kali berturut-turut mengalahkan rekor Girls’ Generation, bahkan ketika dia sudah tidak lagi mempromosikan lagunya secara langsung di Korea (Psy’s “Gangnam Style” breaks Girls’ Generation’s “Gee” consecutive win record on ‘Music Bank’, 2012, para.3). Girls’ Generation sendiri merupakan sebuah girlband K-Pop dari agensi SM Entertainment, salah satu agensi entertainment terbesar di Korea Selatan. Girlband ini telah debut sejak tahun 2007 yang beranggotakan 9 orang (Korean Culture and Information Service, 2011b, p.74). Tujuan dari lagu Gangnam Style ini, awalnya hanya karena ia ingin dipanggil “oppa” atau artinya kakak laki-laki atau pacar, yang memiliki gaya hidup orang Korea Selatan, khususnya daerah Gangnam. Ia ingin menunjukkan bagaimana fenomena gaya hidup orang-orang Gangnam di Korea Selatan. Korea Selatan sendiri adalah negara Asia yang mempunyai tingkat pertumbuhan ekonomi cukup tinggi. Dengan peningkatan standar hidup di sana, mempengaruhi sebagian gaya hidup masyarakat. Sebagian dari mereka akan bergaya hidup mewah, dan sebagian akan mulai menghabiskan uang memburu barang mewah, hingga berani menggali lubang tutup lubang untuk tidak kehilangan statusnya atau dipandang rendah (Demae, 2012, p.27-28). Dalam lagu ini, Psy ingin menyinggung gaya hidup materialisme yang melanda Korea Selatan, tetapi lagu ini secara tidak langsung juga tidak hanya ditujukan bagi Korea Selatan, 30 Universitas Kristen Petra melainkan ke berbagai negara yang juga mengalami hal yang sama (Demae, 2012, p.36). Salah satu contohnya, yaitu di Korea Selatan, ada sebuah lelucon mengenai kehidupan wanita yang dinamakan “Deonjangnyeo” yang berarti wanita kecap asin. Lelucon ini menggambarkan wanita yang rela memakan ramen (mie bungkus instan) murah seharga belasan ribu rupiah di Korea Selatan, tetapi selalu menikmati kopi mahal seperti Starbucks, dan lain-lain yang harganya berkali-kali lipat lebih mahal. Hal ini mengapa di Korea Selatan, terdapat kedai kopi yang terlihat di mana-mana (Demae, 2012, p.35). Selain itu, Psy sendiri juga kerap kali mengatakan bahwa lagu ini menceritakan bahwa pria dan wanita yang terhormat pada siang hari, tapi menjadi liar di malam hari. Maksud
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