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Globalization & Crime
Franko-3604-Prelims.qxd 9/19/2007 12:19 PM Page i Globalization & Crime Franko-3604-Prelims.qxd 9/19/2007 12:19 PM Page ii Key Approaches to Criminology The Key Approaches to Criminology series celebrates the removal of traditional barriers between disciplines and brings together some of the leading scholars working at the intersections of different but related fields. Each book in the series aids readers in making intellectual connections across subjects, and highlights the importance of studying crime, criminalization, justice, and punishment within a broad context. The intention, then, is that books published under the Key Approaches banner will be viewed as dynamic and energizing contributions to criminological debates. Globalization & Crime – the second book in the series – is no exception in this regard. In addressing topics ranging from human trafficking and the global sex trade to the protection of identity in cyberspace and post 9/11 anxieties, Katja Franko Aas has cap- tured some of the most controversial and pressing issues of our times. Not only does she provide a comprehensive overview of existing debates about these subjects but she moves these debates forward, offering innovative and challenging ways of thinking about familiar contemporary concerns. I believe that Globalization & Crime is the most important book published in this area to date and it is to the author’s great credit that she explores the complexities of transnational crime and responses to it in a manner that combines sophistication of analysis with eloquence of expression. As one of the leading academics in the field – and someone who is genuinely engaged in dialogue about global ‘crime’ issues at an international level, Katja Franko Aas is ideally placed to write this book, and I have no doubt that it will be read and appreciated by academics around the world. -
The Political and Social Economy of Care in a Development Context Conceptual Issues, Research Questions and Policy Options
The Political and Social Economy of Care in a Development Context Conceptual Issues, Research Questions and Policy Options Shahra Razavi Gender and Development United Nations Programme Paper Number 3 Research Institute June 2007 for Social Development This United Nations Research Institute for Social Development (UNRISD) Programme Paper has been produced with the support of the International Development Research Centre (IDRC, Canada) and the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC). UNRISD also thanks the governments of Denmark, Finland, Mexico, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom for their core funding. Copyright © UNRISD. Short extracts from this publication may be reproduced unaltered without authorization on condition that the source is indicated. For rights of reproduction or translation, application should be made to UNRISD, Palais des Nations, 1211 Geneva 10, Switzerland. UNRISD welcomes such applications. The designations employed in UNRISD publications, which are in conformity with United Nations practice, and the presentation of material therein do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNRISD con- cerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The responsibility for opinions expressed rests solely with the author(s), and publication does not constitute endorse- ment by UNRISD. ISSN 1994-8026 Contents Acronyms ii Acknowledgements ii Summary/Résumé/Resumen iii Summary iii Résumé iv Resumen vi Introduction 1 1. The “Invisible” or “Other” Economy: The Contribution of Feminist Economics 3 Making visible “the invisible” 4 From domestic labour to care 6 Accumulation, paid work and unpaid care work 8 Mixing “love” and “money”: Implications for the quality of care? 15 2. -
Care Work in the Global Economy: the Case of Latin American Migrant Women in Spain
CARE WORK IN THE GLOBAL ECONOMY: THE CASE OF LATIN AMERICAN MIGRANT WOMEN IN SPAIN YOLANDA LÓPEZ HERNÁN Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (Spain) [email protected] Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to observe how transformations across society, economy and politics, consequence of global capitalism, didn’t help to overcome gen- der inequality but, on the contrary, have added stratification to the inequalities be- tween women. In order to do so, this essay offers first a general overview of the litera- ture and concepts related to the position of women within the global political econo- my. Following that, the processes of feminisation of migration and the changes in the provision of care will be analysed including examples from the experiences of women in Spain in relation to Latin American migration. The research will conclude that while the role of the woman is not only carer anymore but also income provider, men’s workload has remained almost unchanged, as they have continued to fulfil their traditional role as [main] providers and keep playing a small – if any – part in the re- productive sphere. Institutions like global markets and governments have strongly contributed to the creation and permanence of the so called double – and sometimes triple – burden. Despite the socioeconomic progress that entering the formal labour force meant for women’s empowerment, the consequences of such phenomenon have been not only perverse but also unequal among women of different ethnic and socio- economic backgrounds. Keywords: global care chains, Spain, Latin America, migration, feminist political economy. INTRODUCTION Traditional market economies have fostered a certain in- visibility to the unpaid work carried out within the household. -
To the Ends of the Earth to the Ends of the Earth
to the ends of the earth to the ends of the earth JULY 1 to AUGUST 7 Solemn Assembly 2018 | 8pm Central. North. East. West. id you know? Every major revival since Pentecost has produced a missionary movement. Acts is the divine template for this. God pours out his Spirit on 120 Galileans in the upper room. Powered by the AUGUST 8 D Spirit, Peter preaches to pilgrims from every nation under heaven. Day of His Power | 7.30pm The Gospel jumps ship from Galilean Hebrews to Greek-speaking Hellenists. Singapore Indoor Stadium 3,000 are baptised. The Good News goes viral. It spreads to the Samaritans, the Ethiopian, Cornelius, and the Gentiles in Antioch. All of this is cross-cultural work, even before Acts 13. There the mission of God shifts into high gear. AUGUST 9 Last year, the 40.Day Prayer Guide tracked this amazing march of the Gospel Walk of Love | 4pm from Jerusalem to Antioch. This year, we journey with Paul from Antioch to the St Andrew’s Cathedral ends of the earth. This 2018 Prayer Guide is presented in loving memory of two men who have done more to shape the spiritual landscape of Singapore than can be measured. OCTOBER 7 PraySingapore | 4pm The first is Dr Billy Graham. During the time of his historic rallies here in 1978, The National Stadium there arose a stirring in the hearts of some of the organisers that Singapore is an Antioch of Asia (even if Billy Graham didn’t say that). This year, 40 years on, Dr Graham passed away. -
Introduction to the Special Issue “Transnational Care: Families Confronting Borders” Laura Merla1,2, Majella Kilkey3, and Loretta Baldassar2
Introduction to the special issue “Transnational care: Families confronting borders” Laura Merla1,2, Majella Kilkey3, and Loretta Baldassar2 1 University of Louvain. 2 University of Western Australia. 3 University of Sheffield Address correspondence to: Laura Merla, SSH/IACS, 1 Place Montesquieu bte L2.08.01, 1348 Louvain-La-Neuve (Belgium). Email: [email protected] Abstract In this article, we introduce the key themes of our Special Issue on “Transnational care: families confronting borders”. Central to this collection is the question of how family relations and solidarities are impacted by the current scenario of closed borders and increasingly restrictive migration regimes. This question is examined more specifically through the lens of care dynamics within transnational families and their (re-) configurations across diverse contexts marked by “immobilizing regimes of migration”. We begin by presenting a brief overview of key concepts in the transnational families and caregiving literature that provides a foundation for the diverse cases explored in the articles, including refugees and asylum seekers in Germany and Finland, Polish facing Brexit in the UK, Latin American migrants transiting through Mexico, and restrictionist drifts in migration policies in Australia, Belgium and the UK. Drawing on this rich work, we identify two policy tools; namely temporality and exclusion, which appear to be particularly salient features of immobilizing regimes of migration that significantly influence care-related mobilities. We conclude with a discussion of how immobilizing regimes are putting transnational family solidarities in crisis, including in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic, gripping the globe at the time of writing. Key words: care circulation, migration, regimes of mobility, refugees, covid-19 pandemic, transnational families JFR – Journal of Family Research, 2020, Vol. -
Labour Migration Governance in Contemporary Europe. the Case of Sweden
LAB-MIG-GOV Project “Which labour migration governance for a more dynamic and inclusive Europe?” Labour migration governance in contemporary Europe. The case of Sweden Monica Quirico FIERI, Torino, Italy April 2012 The research on which this paper is based benefits from the support of the “Europe and Global Challenges” Programme promoted by Compagnia di San Paolo, Riksbankens Jubileumsfond and VolkswagenStiftung. ii Table of Contents INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................ 1 1. FROM EMIGRATION TO IMMIGRATION COUNTRY............................................ 3 1.1 Immigration policies and their impact on labour market .................................... 3 1.2 Integration policies ........................................................................................... 6 2. TOWARDS A NEW LABOUR MIGRATION POLICY ........................................... 11 2.1 The debate on EU and Swedish Model........................................................... 11 2.2 The Committee on Labour Migration (KAKI) 2004-2006 ................................. 12 2.3 The 2008 law on labour migration................................................................... 14 2.3.1 Content..................................................................................................... 14 2.3.2 Driving actors and factors......................................................................... 17 2.4 Reference to EU and other countries............................................................. -
Network Pa Erns of Legislative Collaboration In
Network Paerns of Legislative Collaboration in Twenty Parliaments Franc¸ois Briae [email protected] Supplementary online material is appendix contains detailed information on the data and networks briey documented in the short note “Network Paerns of Legislative Collaboration in Twenty Parliaments”. Section A starts by reviewing the existing literature on legislative cosponsorship as a strategic position-taking device for legis- lators within parliamentary chambers. Section B then documents the data collection process, Section C summarises its results, and Section D contains the full list of party abbreviations used in the data. Section E fully documents how the cosponsorship networks were constructed and weighted, and lists some derived measures. e replication material for this study is available at https://github.com/ briatte/parlnet. e code was wrien in R (R Core Team, 2015), and the cur- rent release of the repository is version 2.6. See the README le of the reposi- tory for detailed replication instructions including package dependencies. e raw data up to January 2016 are available at doi:10.5281/zenodo.44440. CONTENTS A Background information on legislative cosponsorship . 2 B Sample denition and data collection . 4 B.1 Bills . 4 B.2 Sponsors . 10 C Descriptive statistics by country, chamber and legislature . 11 D Party abbreviations and Le/Right scores . 17 E Cosponsorship network construction . 27 E.1 Edge weights . 28 E.2 Network objects . 30 E.3 Network descriptors . 31 References . 35 1 A. BACKGROUND INFORMATION ON LEGISLATIVE COSPONSORSHIP Legislative scholarship oers a wealth of studies that stress the importance of collabo- ration between Members of Parliament (MPs) in the lawmaking process. -
Comparative Political Data Set, 1960-2019 Codebook
1 Codebook: Comparative Political Data Set, 1960-2019 Codebook: COMPARATIVE POLITICAL DATA SET 1960-2019 Klaus Armingeon, Sarah Engler and Lucas Leemann The Comparative Political Data Set 1960-2019 (CPDS) is a collection of political and institutional data which have been assembled in the context of the research projects “Die Handlungsspielräume des Nationalstaates” and “Critical junctures. An international comparison” directed by Klaus Armingeon and funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation. This data set consists of (mostly) annual data for 36 democratic OECD and/or EU- member countries for the period of 1960 to 2019. In all countries, political data were collected only for the democratic periods.1 The data set is suited for cross-national, longitudinal and pooled time-series analyses. The present data set combines and replaces the earlier versions “Comparative Political Data Set I” (data for 23 OECD countries from 1960 onwards) and the “Comparative Political Data Set III” (data for 36 OECD and/or EU member states from 1990 onwards). A variable has been added to identify former CPDS I countries. For additional detailed information on the composition of government in the 36 countries, please consult the “Supplement to the Comparative Political Data Set – Government Composition 1960-2019”, available on the CPDS website. The Comparative Political Data Set contains some additional demographic, socio- and economic variables. However, these variables are not the major concern of the project and are thus limited in scope. For more in-depth sources of these data, see the online databases of the OECD, Eurostat or AMECO. When using data from this data set, please quote both the data set and, where appropriate, the original source. -
Analyzing Diverging Local Responses to Immigration
Democracy and Discrimination: Analyzing Diverging Local Responses to Immigration Justin Peter Steil Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy under the Executive Committee of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 2015 ©2015 Justin Peter Steil All rights reserved ABSTRACT Democracy and Discrimination: Analyzing Diverging Local Responses to Immigration Justin Peter Steil Over the past decade, cities have passed an unprecedented number of laws seeking to drive undocumented immigrants from their jurisdictions. At the same time, however, large numbers of cities have passed policies seeking to incorporate recent immigrants into local civic and social life, regardless of immigration status. What explains why similar cities have responded so differently? Quantitative analysis tests the explanatory power of theories of political opportunity structure, labor market competition, demographic changes represented as threats, and the exclusionary tendencies of homeowners in predicting the passage of exclusionary and inclusionary ordinances in cities nationwide. The predictors of the passage of exclusionary ordinances are consistent with the salience of political opportunity structure, demographic changes represented as threats, and the exclusionary tendencies of homeowners. The predictors of the passage of inclusionary ordinances are most consistent with theories of political opportunity structure and the relative absence of the exclusionary tendencies of homeowners in cities with lower levels of owner-occupied housing. Case studies in two sets of paired cities that passed diverging ordinances examine the social and political processes on the ground. This qualitative research finds that residents in exclusionary cities expressed anxieties over the effects of demographic change on home values and neighborhood character. -
Budget 2010 Debate Round-Up Speech by Minister for Finance, Mr Tharman Shanmugaratnam on 4 March 2010
BUDGET 2010 DEBATE ROUND-UP SPEECH BY MINISTER FOR FINANCE, MR THARMAN SHANMUGARATNAM ON 4 MARCH 2010 A. INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................. 2 CHARTING A NEW COURSE ............................................................................................ 2 B. INVESTING IN PRODUCTIVITY .......................................................................... 4 PRODUCTIVITY: A RECURRING PRIORITY ............................................................................ 4 INVESTING IN ENTERPRISE UPGRADING ............................................................................. 8 FOCUS BENEFITS ON GROWTH-SEEKING BUSINESSES ........................................................... 9 PROVIDE BANG FOR THE BUCK FOR SMES ....................................................................... 11 BALANCE BETWEEN BROAD-BASED AND TARGETED MEASURES ............................................. 13 OTHER ISSUES ........................................................................................................... 13 C. INVESTING FOR INCLUSIVE GROWTH ............................................................ 16 RAISING THE INCOMES OF THE LOWER-INCOME GROUPS .................................................... 16 INEQUALITY .............................................................................................................. 21 HOW WE ARE HELPING THE LOWER INCOME GROUP ......................................................... 23 INVESTING IN SKILLS AND EDUCATION -
Eleventh Parliament of Singapore (Second Session) Written Answers to Questions for Oral Answer Not Answered By
ELEVENTH PARLIAMENT OF SINGAPORE (SECOND SESSION) _________________ WRITTEN ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS FOR ORAL ANSWER NOT ANSWERED BY 3.00 PM MONDAY, 19 OCTOBER 2009 6 80 SCHOOL CHILDREN AS RUNNERS FOR LOAN SHARKS *23. Er Lee Bee Wah: To ask the Minister for Education (a) what action is the Ministry taking to prevent school children from being lured into working as runners for loan sharks; and (b) how many students have been caught for such activities in the past 12 months. Dr Ng Eng Hen: Police data indicate that from 1 Oct 2008 to 30 Sep 2009, 136 youths were arrested for loanshark and related harassment activities, of which almost half were students. Ultimately, parents are primary caregivers of their children. They must take responsibility to monitor the after-school activities of their children and know who their children are interacting with so as to provide timely guidance to their children. The reasons for school children being lured into working for such activities are complex. Even as we reiterate the responsibility of parents to mould their children’s character, schools can play a complementary reinforcing role in this respect. Schools raise awareness of their students to illegal activities through the formal curriculum and a variety of character development and life-skills programmes, in order to teach them to discern right from wrong. The actions taken by schools include counselling and support, and as a last resort, disciplinary actions. Schools also engage the parents and community to work in partnership in nurturing our young holistically. Schools have adopted a variety of strategies to facilitate communication with parents and keep them informed about the needs of their children. -
A Sociological Appreciation of Late Marriage and Low Fertility on Singapore Society
Stork & Cupid Out to Lunch? - A Sociological Appreciation of Late Marriage and Low Fertility on Singapore Society. Paulin Tay Straughan Department of Sociology, National University of Singapore. 1. Introduction Singapore is a relatively young city-state, and gained independent sovereignty only in 1965. However, in the short 40 years since independence, the young nation-state was propelled through an intensive economic transformation that saw pig-farms and other agrarian spaces turned into industrial towns that engaged skilled labour and technology. The unique city-state grew from a sleepy fishing village to one of the most vibrant commercial hubs in the world. As the economy and infrastructure were transformed to position the nation state as a competitive player in the global business market, the Singapore family was also transformed. Three-generation extended families were soon outnumbered by the smaller nuclear family form, a more desired option particular for the better educated who valued privacy in their family unit. This transformation of the Singapore family has resulted in demographic shifts that place the city-state in the same realm as developed nations where late marriage and low fertility result in a population that is fast graying. This paper will trace the evolution of these demographic trends, examine the implications of these trends on the future of the city-state, and discuss the efficacy of state policies that have been put in place to curb these developments. 2. Worrying Trends – Demographic Profile of the Singapore Population The demographic trends found in Singapore are similar to that of other industrialized developed nations – delayed first marriage, decline in fertility, and a fast graying population.