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2012-2013 SchoolTime Study Guide Photo: Bryan Reinhart Simón Bolívar Symphony Orchestra Wednesday, November 28, 2012 at 11 a.m. Zellerbach Hall, University of California, Berkeley Welcome to SchoolTime! On Wednesday, November 28, at 11am, your class will attend the Simón Bolívar Symphony Orchestra of Venezuela’s performance, ¡MUSICA! A Celebration of Music from Latin America at Cal Performances’ Zellerbach Hall. Cal Performances is proud to host the extraordinary Simón Bolívar Symphony Orchestra, 200 musicians who have taken the world by storm with their stunning playing and vibrant energy. The orchestra is the fl agship of El Sistema, the State Foundation for the Venezuelan System of Youth and Child Orchestras, which provides music education for 250,000 young people. “For the children we work with, music is practically the only way to a dignifi ed social destiny,” says José Antonio Abreu, the orchestra’s founder. “Poverty means loneliness, sadness, anonymity. An orchestra means joy, motivation, teamwork, the aspiration to success.” Come celebrate the music of Latin America – and witness the thrilling future of classical music – with these amazing musicians. Using This Study Guide You can use these materials to engage your students and enrich their Cal Performances fi eld trip. Before attending the performance, we encourage you to: • Copy the student Resource Sheet on pages 3 & 4 and give it to your students several days before the show. • Discuss the information on pages 5—8 About the Performance & Artists with your students. • Read to your students from About the Composers on pages 6 & 12, About Orchestras on pages 13—17 and About Venezuela on pages 18 & 19. • Engage your students in two or more activities on pages 22—24. • Refl ect with your students by asking them guiding questions, found on pages 3, 5, 7, 13, & 18 • Immerse students further into the subject matter and art form by using the Resource section on page 25. At the performance: Your class can actively participate during the performance by: • LISTENING CAREFULLY to the melodies, harmonies and rhythms • OBSERVING how the musicians work together as an ensemble under the leadership of the conductor • THINKING ABOUT the diff erent cultures, ideas, and emotions expressed through the music • MARVELING at the skill of the musicians • REFLECTING on the sounds and sights experienced at the theater. We look forward to seeing you at SchoolTime! Laura Abrams Rica Anderson Director, Education & Community Programs Education Programs Administrator SchoolTime Simón Bolîvar Orchestra | I Table of Contents Welcome! I 1: Theater Etiquette 1 2: Student Resource Sheet 3 3: About the Performance 5 4: About the Artists 7 5: About El Sistima 9 6: About the Composers 11 7: About Orchestras 13 8: About Venezuela 18 9: Glossary 20 10: Learning Activities 22 11: California State Standards 26 About Cal Performances and SchoolTime 27 II | SchoolTime Simón Bolîvar Orchestra 1 Theater Etiquette Be prepared and arrive early. Ideally you should arrive at the theater 30 to 45 minutes before the show. Allow for travel time and parking, and plan to be in your seats at least 15 minutes before the performance begins. Be aware and remain quiet. The theater is a “live” space—you can hear the performers easily, but they can also hear you, and you can hear other audience members, too! Even the smallest sounds, like rustling papers and whispering, can be heard throughout the theater, so it’s best to stay quiet so that everyone can enjoy the performance without distractions. The international sign for “Quiet Please” is to silently raise your index fi nger to your lips. Show appreciation by applauding. Applause is the best way to show your enthusiasm and appreciation. Performers return their appreciation for your attention by bowing to the audience at the end of the show. It is always appropriate to applaud at the end of a performance, and it is customary to continue clapping until the curtain comes down or the house lights come up. Participate by responding to the action onstage. Sometimes during a performance, you may respond by laughing, crying or sighing. By all means, feel free to do so! Appreciation can be shown in many diff erent ways, depending upon the art form. For instance, an audience attending a string quartet performance will sit very quietly, while the audience at a gospel concert may be inspired to participate by clapping and shouting. Concentrate to help the performers. These artists use concentration to focus their energy while on stage. If the audience is focused while watching the performance, they feel supported and are able to do their best work. They can feel that you are with them! Please note: Backpacks and lunches are not permitted in the theater. Bags are provided for lobby storage in the event that you bring these with you. There is absolutely no food or drink permitted in the seating areas. Recording devices of any kind, including cameras, cannot be used during performances. Please remember to turn off your cell phone before the performance begins. SchoolTime Simón Bolîvar Orchestra | 1 Dr. Jose Antonio Abreu with children of El Sistema Maestro Alfredo Rugeles 2 | SchoolTime Simón Bolîvar Orchestra 2 Student Resource Sheet Questions to Think About • Name some of the composers featured in ¡MUSICA! A Celebration of Music from Latin America. • What is El Sistema and why was it created? • What is Gustavo Dudamel’s role in the orchestra? • What is unique about Venezuela? Student Resource Sheet Photo: Bryan Reinhart What You’ll See On Wednesday, November 28, your class • Esteban Benzecry (1970-) will attend ¡MUSICA! A Celebration of Music From Argentina from Latin America performed by the Simón Bolívar Symphony Orchestra of Venezuela. • Alberto Ginastera (1916-1983) The orchestra will perform music with a Latin From Argentina American fl avor by composers from Cuba, Argentina, Mexico and the United States. • Arturo Márquez (1950-) From Mexico Composers include: • Julián Orbón (1925-1991) • Leonard Bernstein (1918-1990) Born in Spain and raised in Cuba. From the United States SchoolTime Simón Bolîvar Orchestra | 3 About the Artists Simón Bolívar Symphony Orchestra of About Orchestras Venezuela An orchestra is a group of musicians that The Simón Bolívar Symphony Orchestra of plays music together under the guidance Venezuela was started in 1975 by Dr. José of a conductor, who organizes the work Antonio Abreu as part of the National System and directs the musicians as they play. A of Youth and Children’s Orchestras (also large orchestra (50 or more) is known as a known as El Sistema). Dr. Abreu (a conductor, symphony orchestra. A smaller orchestra is composer, professor and musician) started called a chamber orchestra. the program as he believes that music has the power to touch young people’s lives and Orchestra Sections empower them to create positive change Orchestras are divided into four sections, in their communities. His goal was to make or families, which are based on the kind of sure that children in Venezuela’s schools had instruments played. The string section covers music education every day. all the stringed instruments like the violins; the woodwind section covers instruments which To the young people of Venezuela, El are blown through and use reeds, like the Sistema’s motto “to play and to fi ght”, means clarinet; the brass section (so named because that when you work hard to be the best you the instruments are made of brass) contains can, you have the ability to make your dreams metal wind instruments like trumpets; and the come true. The National System of Youth and percussion section includes all of the drums Children’s Orchestras now has over a dozen and rhythm instruments. orchestras, choirs and chamber ensembles, of which the Simón Bolívar Symphony Orchestra About Venezuela is the most famous worldwide. Since 2006, Venezuela is the sixth largest country in the orchestra has recorded four albums with South America and has a diverse geography, Gustavo Dudamel as conductor. including the Andes Mountains, Amazonian rainforests, deserts and beaches. Venezuela is Conductor Gustavo Dudamel home to native, African, and Spanish cultures Gustavo Dudamel has been the Music and the most commonly spoken language is Director for the Simón Bolívar Youth Spanish. Most Venezuelans live in big cities Symphony Orchestra since he was 17 including the capital and largest city, Caracas. years old. Originally a violinist, he became Hugo Chavez is the president of Venezuela interested in conducting and studied with and has helped bring about the “Bolivarian many great teachers, including Dr. Abreu. Revolution,” which includes Socialist Dudamel has won many awards for his programs that aim to improve education, musical achievements and is known around health care, and reduce the poverty rate. the world as an important and accomplished The country’s rich oil reserves have helped musician and conductor. He is currently improve the economy as Venezuela sells the Music Director of the Los Angeles oil to countries all over the world, including Philharmonic, but he still tours the globe the United States. Venezuela can also with the Simón Bolívar Symphony Orchestra. boast its revolutionary El Sistema program, Dudamel’s passion and talent are easy to see which infl uences the philosophies of music in all of his concerts as a conductor. education all over the world. 4 | SchoolTime Simón Bolîvar Orchestra 3 About the Performance Questions to Think About • What will you experience at ¡MUSICA! A Celebration of Music from Latin America? • Who is Chaac and how does he take form in Rituales Ameridinios? • What is the Malambo and what is the tradition behind it? • What was the inspiration for Danzón No. 2? Photo: Bryan Reinhart includes infl uences from sixteenth century About the Performance Spanish music as well as suggestions of composer Aaron Copland’s style.