Multimedia Figure X. Building a Relationship with Percussion Instruments
Bill Matney, Kalani Das, & Michael Marcionetti
Materials used with permission by Sarsen Publishing and Kalani Das, 2017 Building a relationship with percussion instruments
Going somewhere new can be exciting; it might also be a little intimidating or cause some anxiety. If I go to a party where I don’t know anybody except the person who invited me, how do I get to know anyone else?
My host will probably be gracious enough to introduce me to others at the party. I will get to know their name, where they are from, and what they commonly do for work and play. In turn, they will get to know the same about me. We may decide to continue our relationship by learning more about each other and doing things together.
As music therapy students, we develop relationships with music instruments. We begin by learning instrument names, and by getting to know a little about the instrument. We continue our relationship by learning technique and by playing music with them!
Through our experiences and growth, we will be able to help clients develop their own relationships with instruments and music, and therefore be able to 1 strengthen the therapeutic process. Building a relationship with percussion instruments
Recognize the Know what the instrument is Know where the Learn about what the instrument by made out of (materials), and instrument instrument is or was common name. its shape. originated traditionally used for.
We begin by learning instrument names, and by getting to know a little about the instrument.
• When learning about instruments, we begin with those that are most common in music therapy practice and literature. We will also include some instruments common to percussion performance and music education in this section (Tier One).
• We can then continue to develop our literacy with other percussion instruments (Tiers Two and Three).
2 Advanced
Knight & Matney, 2012; Matney, 2007; Matney, 2016;
Scheffel & Matney, 2015 musictherapy practice, world percussion literacypercussion world literature, and education. literature,and Continuing musictherapy Continuing literacypercussion world Instruments most common in Instrumentsmostcommon Tier Three Tier Two 3 Tier One Building a relationship with percussion instruments
Recognize the Know what the instrument is Know where the Learn about what the instrument by made out of (materials), and instrument instrument is or was common name. its shape. originated traditionally used for.
Find visuals of and information about these instruments: • Online (but double check your sources) • From books (e.g., Das, 2008; Matney, 2007) • Talking with your music therapy instructors and percussion instructors • Accessing your school’s instruments Large Hand Drums Atabaque Timba Djembe Drums played with the Ngoma Conga hands that stand on the Bougarabou Tubano ground Kpanlogo Ashiko Funde Cajon
Goblet Drums Darbuka Tonbak Taajira Drums played with the Toubeleki hands that rest Doholla sideways on the legs
Double Headed/ Talking Drums Bata Drums Dhol Bongo Mrdngam Brekete Paired Hand Drums Tabla Davul Bomba Naqara
Tier Three Tier Two 4 Tier One 4 Frame Drums Pandeira Adufe Tar Pleneras • General Sakara Na ve American Tamborim Tamalin “Buffalo Drum” Ravanne Bodhran • Ornamented Ocean Drum Daf a frame drum that uses rings Doira or other materials to enhance Ghaval sound quality. Bendir
• Tambourines General/ Pandeiro Muzhar a type of frame drum with Orchestral Riq jingles; always has a head, or Kanjira else called a “jingle ring.” Tamburello
Kilaut Tapou Paddle Drums General Uchiwa taiko Togo “Lollipop” Baijaogu
Tier Three Tier Two 5 Tier One 5 Duhulla Bass Drums Tantan Baandu/Thunder Orchestral Rebolo Bomba Gathering Drum Alfaia Table Drum Zabumba Dunun Drums Surdo
S ck Drums Snare Taiko Drums Ewe Drums Tom-Tom Timbales Sabar Drums Drum Set Krin Ku ro Drums Timpani Candomble Sound Shapes Caixa Tongue Drum Repique
Tier Three Tier Two 6 Tier One 1 Shakers Sistrum Hosho Maracas Ankle Bells/ Katsa Egg Shakers Ankle Ra les Televi Ganza Pacay Caxixi Kabamba Wrist Bells Jingle S ck
Ra les Axatse Seed Pod Ra le Chapchas Shekere Ankle Bells Jingle Ring Jingle S ck Wrist Bells
Tier Three Tier Two 7 Tier One Scrapers Guira Cabasa Reco Reco Guiro Washboard Frog Rasp
Concussion Claves Lummi S cks Instruments Rhythm S cks Ti Rikau Castanets Clapper “Kokiriko” Bones/Spoons Chime/Mark Tree Binzasara Zils Finger Cymbals
Tier Three Tier Two 8 Tier One Struck Idiophones Ken ken Atoke Agung - Metal (Unpitched) Cowbell Bell Tree Agogo Bell Chime Tree Babendi Gankoqui Flexatone Gonge Triangle Guataca Susp. Cymbal Clash Cymbal Hi-Hat Cymbal Gong Flexatone
Wood Block Struck Idiophones Temple Blocks -Wood/Plas c Vibraslap Tongue Drum
Udu Quijada Jawbone Struck Idiophones - Other Tier Three Tier Two 9 Tier One Pitched Mallet Tubular Bells Instruments Xylophone Marimba •Orchestral: Vibraphone Glockenspiel •World Bala/Balafon Gyil Gamelan Instr.
•Orff Xylophones • Soprano • Alto • Tenor • Bass Metallophones • Soprano • Alto • Tenor • Bass Bass Bars Contrabass Bars Tier Three Tier Two 10 Tier One Hang/Hand Pan Gamelan Tongue Drum Crotales Pitched Idiophones Vibratone Tank Drum Singing Bowls Percussion instruments with Steel Pan Drum tonal pitches. Hand Chimes Boomwhackers
Lamellophones Kalimba Mbira Ikembe Agidigbo Percussion instruments that are plucked to produce sound. Opochawa Kouxian Berimbau Khim Chordophones Hammer Dulcimer Santoor Percussion instruments that have strings. Vibraphone Sawblade Bowed Percussion Cymbal Using a violin or cello bow on a percussion instrument creates unique sounds.
Tier Three Tier Two 11 Tier One Building a relationship with percussion instruments
We continue our relationship with instruments by learning Music good technique and by playing music with them!
Study and practice the Become aware of and be Listen to and/ Learn basic, traditional music of the able to play the timbres and or watch the traditional instrument via teachers, pitches of the instrument traditional playing classes, books, videos in comparison to similar music of the techniques for and other resources. instruments. instrument. the instrument.
Learn creative, non-traditional ways to Learn how to accompany yourself singing all play the instrument (KPAS). kinds of songs on the instrument
Each of these tasks help us not only develop our musicianship, but also help us connect our musicianship with clinical intentions.
12 13 technique following slides promote musicianship through to most relevant ourinstruments that are work. The therapists, we As want to begin learning to play Knight & Matney, 2012; Matney, 2007; Matney, 2016; Scheffel & Matney, 2015 on instrumentation. relevant beginning
Beginning technique on instruments most common in music therapy practice and literature Beginning Technique and Instruments that Use Them Large Hand Drums Djembe Conga* Tubano Ashiko Ngoma Funde Timba Cajon
Goblet Drums Darbuka
Double Headed/ Paired Hand Drums Bongos
General Paddle Drums “Lollipop”
14 * While more advanced traditional play of the conga focuses on different technique, the beginning technical ideas/basic sounds are similar enough Frame Drums Basic Holds, Beginning Technique, and the Instruments that Use Them • General Pleneras (Single Hand Hold) Larger Frame Drums (Lap Style Hold) Tar Frame Drums (Tar Style Hold)
• Ornamented Ocean Drum
• Tambourines General/Gospel
15 Bass Drums Dunun Drums Shakers Maracas Surdo Egg Shakers Tantan Ganza Concert Bass Caxixi
S ck Drums Snare Ra les Axatse Tom-Tom Shekere Drum Set Jingle Ring Tongue Drum Jingle S ck Wrist Bells
17 Scrapers Cabasa Struck Idiophones Cowbell Guiro - Metal (Unpitched) Agogo Bell Frog Rasp Gankoqui Triangle Susp. Cymbal Clash Cymbal Hi-Hat Cymbal Gong Flexatone Concussion Claves Instruments Rhythm S cks Struck Idiophones Wood Block Castanets -Wood/Plas c Temple Blocks “Kokiriko” Vibraslap Chime/Mark Tree Zils Finger Cymbals
18 19 Pitched Mallet Instruments Tongue Drum •Orchestral: Xylophone Pitched Idiophones Tank Drum Marimba Percussion instruments with Steel Pan Drum Vibraphone tonal pitches. Hand Chimes Glockenspiel Boomwhackers
Xylophones Lamellophones Kalimba •Orff • Soprano Percussion instruments that • Alto are plucked to produce sound. • Tenor • Bass Metallophones • Soprano • Alto • Tenor • Bass Bass Bars Contrabass Bars
21 Building a relationship with percussion instruments
Recognize the Know what the instrument is Know where the Learn about what the instrument by made out of (materials), and instrument instrument is or was common name. its shape. originated traditionally used for.
Study and practice the Become aware of and be Listen to and/ Learn basic, traditional music of the able to play the timbres and or watch the traditional instrument via teachers, pitches of the instrument traditional playing classes, books, videos in comparison to similar music of the techniques for and other resources. instruments. instrument the instrument.
Learn creative, non-traditional ways to Learn how to accompany yourself singing all play the instrument (KPAS) kinds of songs on the instrument
Learn how to communicate and use this information in general.
Reflect on how to communicate and use this information with others in clinical context.
22 (Das, 2011; Gardstrom, 2007; Knight & Matney, 2012; Matney, 2007) References
Das, K. (2011). The way of music: Creating sound connections in music therapy. Denton, TX: Sarsen Publishing.
Gardstrom, S. (2007). Music therapy improvisation for groups: Essential leadership skills. Gilsum, NH: Barcelona.
Kalani (2008). All about hand percussion. Van Nuys, CA:Alfred Publishing.
Matney, B. (2007). Tataku: The use of percussion in music therapy. Denton, TX: Sarsen Publishing.