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Lepidoptera) from District Multan, Punjab, Received: 21-11-2019 Accepted: 25-12-2019 Pakistan Based on Genitalia Characters

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Lepidoptera) from District Multan, Punjab, Received: 21-11-2019 Accepted: 25-12-2019 Pakistan Based on Genitalia Characters Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2020; 8(1): 720-726 E-ISSN: 2320-7078 P-ISSN: 2349-6800 Taxonomic studies of family noctuidae JEZS 2020; 8(1): 720-726 © 2020 JEZS (Lepidoptera) from district Multan, Punjab, Received: 21-11-2019 Accepted: 25-12-2019 Pakistan based on Genitalia characters Mudassir Hamza Department of Entomology, University of Agriculture Mudassir Hamza, Zahid Mahmood Sarwar, Asad Bashir, Tariq Sharif, Faisalabad Pakistan, Agriculture University Road Faisalabad, Haseeb Ahmed, Usama Izhar, Muhammad Waqas and Zeshan Haider Pakistan Abstract Zahid Mahmood Sarwar In present study 650 specimens were collected from diverse sites of District Multan and Muzaffargarh Department of Entomology, Bahauddin Zakariya University like Kot Addu, and Sinwaan. These specimens were collected with light trap. After collection specimens Multan, Pakistan were killed in potassium cyanide poison then preserved in wooden box. To identify male and female genitalia the abdominal portion was removed from body of insect with the help of forceps by providing Asad Bashir uphill jerk then dip into solution of KOH for twenty-four hour. Dissection of genitalia was done with fine Department of Entomology, needles under stereo microscope. As the result 7 noctuid species such as; Helicoverpa zea, Helicoverpa University of Agriculture armigera, Spodoptera litura, Spodoptera exigua, Chrysodeixis furihatai okan, Argrotis ypsilon, and Faisalabad Pakistan, Agriculture Agrotis cinearia belonging to different genus were described from District Multan. Identification was University Road Faisalabad Zahid Mahmood Sarwar done with the help of available literature, keys, and monograph and internet resources. Figures of adults and genitalia were also provided. Tariq Sharif Department of Entomology, Keywords: Male and female genitalia, noctudiae, lepidoptera, diagnostic characters, identification University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan, Agriculture University Road Faisalabad 1. Introduction Zahid Mahmood Sarwar Brinjal in Lepidoptera 180,000 described which belong to 46 super families and one hundred and twenty-six families throughout the world (Rafi et al., 2000) [1]. These include moth Haseeb Ahmed (Hetrocera) (Shields, 1989) [2]. Although several estimates have been made from time to time, Department of Entomology, [3] University of Agriculture ranging from a 13,000 to the maximum of 20,000 (Vane Wrights, 1978) . Noctuoidea Faisalabad Pakistan, Agriculture containing 70 000 described species throughout the world. Tympanal organ is highly expert University Road Faisalabad hearing apparatus that recognize the fix location of insane, this monophyly increase the Zahid Mahmood Sarwar confirmation that the tympanum may also include in getting of mating signals (Kitching and [4] Usama Izhar Rawlins, 1998) . Luckily the monophyly of Noctuoidea is strongly confirmed that based on Department of Entomology, the presence of Meta thoracic tympanal organ which is unique apomorphic character (Miller, University of Agriculture 1991) [5]. Faisalabad Pakistan, Agriculture University Road Faisalabad More ever the adult of some genera cause damage to fruit crops by piercing the fruit skin and Zahid Mahmood Sarwar suck juices (Banziger, 1987) [6]. Moths that belong to Noctuoidea family are most dangerous to crops and vegetables (Thakur et al., 2013) [7]. Many crops in Pakistan are damaged by almost Muhammad Waqas [8] Department of Entomology, 75 insects of the order Lepidoptera which put 15 to 17% yield loss (Muhyuddin, 1981) . The University of Agriculture immature of Noctuoidea are brownish or dully green color while few species have bright color. Faisalabad Pakistan, Agriculture Usually immatures are flat that has rounded and small head, also have some setae on their University Road Faisalabad body. Noctuid’s adult have mostly dully color and different in size and these moths engaged to [9] Zeshan Haider light source (Macgregor et al., 2015) . During taking rest the adult of Noctudiae moths Centre of Agricultural mimic under the trees and rocks with secure wing (Sandars, 1946) [10]. Noctudiae has nearly 29 Biochemistry and Biotechnology, subfamilies across the world. University of Agriculture The subfamily Hedeninae is largest having twenty four hundred species throughout the world Faisalabad Pakistan [11] (Speidel et al., 1996) . Mostly the larvae of this subfamily feed on broad leaf crops and vegetables. After feeding larvae pupate in soil in form of hard cocoons (Ronkay et al., 2001) [12]. First time from Iran fauna there were two species identified one was P.anannu (Varga and Corresponding Author: Ronkay, 1991) [13] and second specie is P.flora (Hreblay, 1996) [14], they provided adult images Mudassir Hamza Department of Entomology, and genitalia figures for proper identification. There were 21 species described from north and University of Agriculture South America of genus Capitarsia on the difference between male and female genitalia Faisalabad Pakistan, Agriculture characters (Angulo and Olivares, 2003) [15]. University Road Faisalabad, Pakistan Genitalia structures of Noctudiae family was studied first time and contribute extremely to ~ 720 ~ Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies http://www.entomoljournal.com “Fauna of British India Moths” with depiction of fourteen soaked under butter papers for 2 hours in petri dishes to make hundred and fifteen, and species along with two hundred and softer the all body parts. These soften samples were pinned seventy three genera (Comstock and Needham, 1898; with various entomologically related pins according to size of Staudinger and Rebel, 1901) [16, 17]. In the present study 7 samples and spread properly on thermophore sheet making a Noctuid are identified Helicoverpa zea, Helicoverpa armigera, groove in which specimen abdomen were placed and wings Spodoptera litura, Spodoptera exigua, Chrysodeixis furihatai spread by soft strips then stay them in same position for two okan, Argrotis ypsilon, and Agrotis cinearia belonging to days. Each specimen was properly labelled to point out different genus were described from District Multan. Species location, specimen number, and collector name and collection identification done based on their genitalia characters. These date. After that these samples were preserved in a wooden species cause serious losses to economically important crops, box. DDT was also placed in boxes to preserve these so identification is very important to develop control specimens from ants and another predatory pest. strategies. 3. Results and Discussion 2. Materials and Methods 3.1 Agrotis cinerea 2.1 Collection and preservation 3.1.1 Diagnostic characters Keeping in mind to learn about the importance of Noctuid’s Male antenna is relatively pectinated. Forewing light brown to moths from different region of Pakistan, like Multan, light gray in color, un subdivided and simple stigmata Muzaffargarh and Kabeer Wala. Survey tour was organized differentiable, claviform stigma missing, cross lines separate during February 2018 to May 2018 from different sites of and rough hind wings light cream in color with discal spot. District Multan like Muzaffargarh, Kot Addu and Sinwaan. Females are generally darker with filiform antenna. Samples were also collected from Multan. Mostly the sited localities were divided in fruits, vegetable crops, sugarcane, 3.1.2 Wing-span 33–40 mm wheat, and cotton growing area of Muzaffargarh. The adult 3.1.3 Male genitalia moths were collected with tapering light trap (20 watt, Costal margin to some extent curved medially. Cucullus a 220Volt), which were fixed at diverse localities and little thick than Sacculus, basally oval, claspers thickened. deliberated one of the finest methods to collect lepidopteron Vesica three time longer than aedeagus, basal enlargement moths from vast enclosure of region. Total 650 specimens small. There is also apical swelling present. were collected from these regions. From March to May due to favorable environment a maximum population of adult moths 3.1.4 Female genitalia were collected in highly populated gardens, forest and Female ovipositor is short. Frontal apophasis prolonged agricultural crops. Tours for collection were arranged before interiorly, appendix bursae two times longer than corpus monsoon season. bursae. And, C. bursae look like a drop. These collected samples were killed in poisonous KCN jar; these samples were removed from the jar immediately after 3.1.5 Material examined they were killed to protect scale on body of adult moth and Punjab: Multan: Agrotis cineaeia, B.Z. U, 3 ♂; 1 ♀, avoid from discoloration. After to kill these samples were 26.ii.2018 Mudassir Hamza Fig 1: Adult of Agrotis cinerea complete body view (B) Male genitalia of Agrotis cinereal (C) Female genitalia of Agrotis cinerea 3.2 Agrotis ypsilon flurry shaped spots at sub terminal zone. These structures are 3.2.1 Diagnostic characters missing in others specie. Black section exists among the In male Antennae pectinated forewings light to dark brownish orbicular stigmata and reniform. Sub terminal and terminal in color, stigmata centred with blackish spot, black flurry area is bright. Hind wing white but darker at terminal area. designed spot present on ostium of stigma, also two slight Antenna filiform. ~ 721 ~ Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies http://www.entomoljournal.com 3.2.2 Wing-span 36–43 mm 3.2.4 Female genitalia 3.2.3 Male genitalia Not found. Valve stretched out, basal one-third is slender and widened; claspers are sharp. Aedeagus is broader
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