24Th Annual Report of the Bank for International Settlements

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

24Th Annual Report of the Bank for International Settlements BANK FOR INTERNATIONAL SETTLEMENTS TWENTY-FOURTH ANNUAL REPORT 1st APRIL 1953 — 31st MARCH 1954 BASLE 14th June 1954 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page I. Introduction i Financial position and activities of the B.I.S. (p. i), 1953 a year of economic progress, adjustment and consolidation (p. 2), cost of living and wholesale prices in different countries (p. 3), trend of the labour markets (p. 5), liberalisation of trade (p. 6), narrowing of gap between free-market and official exchange rates (p. 6), terms of trade (pp. 7, 8), improvement in the international balance-of-payments position (p. 9), balance-of-payments situation in the United States and Canada (p. zo), changes in the currents of trade (p. 12), imports of Switzerland from main trading partners (p. 13), changes in industrial production in 1952 and 1953 (p. 15), production of manufacturing industries in the United Kingdom (p. 16), production in the metal-using industries (p. 17), divergence between economic developments in western Europe and those in the United States and Canada (p. 18), improvement in production in France (p. 18), economic upturn in western Europe (p. 19), inventory adjustment in the United States (p. 20), monetary and credit policies pursued in the United States in 1953 (p. 21), monetary policy adapted to changing conditions (p. 24), flexible interest rates (p. 25), signif- icance of budgetary results (p. 26), export problems (p. 29), return to normal market methods of trading (p. 30), east-west trade (p. 30), connection between economic freedom and economic strength (p. 32) II. The Basis of Economic Growth 33 Divergent economic trend in the United States and western Europe (p- 33), inflation no basis for sustained economic expansion (p. 35), success of the German currency reform of 1948 (p. 35), Austria, an example of the importance of monetary rehabilitation (p. 36), trade unions' support for non-inflationary employment policies (p. 38), reopening of the markets for staple commodities in the United Kingdom (p. 40), liberalisation of imports (p. 40), pricing of agricultural products (p. 41), International Wheat Agreement (p. 44), subsidies to agricultural producers in the United Kingdom (p. 45), necessity of taking into account social security charges in comparing wage levels in different countries (p. 45), distribution of social security costs in different coun- tries (p. 46), disparities between French and foreign prices (Nathan Commission) (p. 47), lack of balance in the housing sector (p, 48), recent tendencies in housing policies (p. 49), emphasis on profitability in eastern Europe (p. 51), current savings as a basis for healthy economic growth (p. 51), dangers of heavy taxation of capital under conditions of normal competition (p. 53), necessity of reducing current expenditure of central and local authorities (p. 54), importance of personal savings (p. 54), life-insurance premiums and reserves in different countries (p- 55) > assets of all insurance institutions in the United States and Page premiums and contributions received (p. 56), receipts of insurance institutions in Switzerland (p. 56), saving by private households in Great Britain (p. 57), recovery of insurance business in Germany (p- 58)> limited importance of life insurance in Italy and France (p. 59), advantages and drawbacks of saving through insurance (p. 60), necessity of restoring effectively functioning capital markets (p. 61), national income in France since 1901 (p. 61), the prerequisites for economic growth (p. 63) III. Prices: Individual Variations and Overall Stability 64 Index of world-market commodity prices (p. 64), price movements in the United States (p. 66), changes in the prices of important raw materials in the United States (p. 66), commodity prices in the United States (pp. 3, 67), prices of coffee and cocoa (p. 68), fear of shortages at time of Korean crisis basically unfounded (p. 68), cost of living and wholesale prices in different countries (pp. 4, 6g), world production of basic commodities (p. 70), world output of non-ferrous metals since 1900 (p. 71), Coal and Steel Community (p. 73), production of coal and steel in the Community and in the United Kingdom (p. 74), world production of hard coal (p. 75), price policy of the National Coal Board in the United Kingdom (p. 76), price movements in the United Kingdom (p. 76), stockpile purchases in the United States (p. 77), reopening of commodity markets in the United Kingdom (pp. 40, 78), wholesale prices in France (p. 78), reopening of the Amsterdam cocoa market and Le Havre coffee market (p. 7g), price reductions in the U.S.S.R. and other eastern European countries (p. 7g), dissolution of the Inter- national Materials Conference (p. 80), International Wheat Agreement (pp. 44, 80), International sugar agreement (p. 80), draft agreement for tin (p. 81), the Randall Commission opposed to control schemes for individual commodities (p. 81), short and long-term prospects in the price sector (pp. 81, 82). See also: changes in money wages in different countries (p. 6), export and import prices (p. 7), terms of trade (p. 8), industrial production in different countries (p. 15), manufacturing pro- duction in the United Kingdom (p. 16), production in the metal-using industries (p. 16), industrial production in the United States and Canada and in the O.E.E.C, countries (p. 18), pricing of agricultural products (p. 41), wheat prices (p. 42) IV. Foreign Trade and the Balance of Payments . 83 Development of national income and foreign-trade turnover (p. 83), volume of foreign trade (p. 84), world shipping capacity and sea-borne cargo (p. 85), world trade turnover (p. 85), foreign trade and/or balance of payments of: the O.E.E.C, countries (p. 10), the United States (pp. 10, 87), the United Kingdom and the sterling area (p. go), Ireland (p. g3), France (p. g4), Italy (p. g7), Portugal (p. gg), Spain (P- 99) > Greece (p. 100), Turkey (p. 100), Yugoslavia (p. 101), Austria Page (p. 102), western Germany (p. 103), the Netherlands (p. 106), the Belgium-Luxemburg Economic Union (p. 108), Switzerland (p. no), the northern countries (p. in), Denmark (p. 112), Norway (p. 113), Sweden (p. 114), Finland (p. 115) ; trade between the western and the eastern world (p. 116), O.E.E.C, countries, liberalisation of trade and invisible transactions (pp. 6, 117), G.A.T.T., eighth session (p. 119), Randall Commission's statement on commercial policy (p. 120) V. Foreign Exchange Rates and Markets 121 Restoration of a natural balance (p. 121), introduction of foreign exchange arbitrage in Europe (p. 121), arbitrage on the London market (p. 122), forward transactions (p. 124), relaxation of restrictions on trade and payments (p. 125), sterling quotations in New York (pp. 125, 127), British control regulations, outline of permissible transfers (p. 126), improvement of exchange rates in France (p. 128), relaxation of foreign exchange regulations in western Germany (p. 12g), quotations of DM notes and Sperrmark in Switzerland (p. 12c), relaxation of foreign exchange control regulations in Belgium and the Netherlands (p. 130), the currencies of the Benelux countries (p. 131), the Greek drachma (p. 131), east German Mark (p. 131), Israel £ (p. 132), rial rates in Iran (p. 132), exchange rates system in Thailand (p. 133), fluctuations of Canadian dollar (p. 133), recommendations of the Randall Commission regarding convertibility (p. 135), exchange rates in: Peru (p. 135)> Mexico (p. 136), Paraguay (p. 137), Chile (p. 137), Brazil (p. 137). exchange-rate policies of the Latin American group of countries (p. 138) free and parallel-market rates in Europe (p. 139), retention quotas (p. 139), free-market rates for bank-notes in Switzerland (p. 140), the establishment of convertibility (p. 140), official currency values (p. 142) VI. Gold Production and Monetary Reserves 144 Developments during the past year (p. 144), production of gold (p. 145), operating statistics of South African mines (p. 146), subsidies paid to Canadian gold producers (p. 148), United States' output (p. 148), Australian production (p. 148), estimates of gold production of the U.S.S.R. and associated countries (p. 149), gold markets and hoarding (p. 149), estimates of disappeared gold (p. 150), price of gold on European free markets (p. 151), gold price in France (p. 151), reopen- ing of the gold market in London (p. 151), gold markets outside Europe (p. 153)1 g°ld reserves of central banks and governments (p. i54)> movements of monetary reserves (p. 155), United States' monetary gold stock and earmarked gold (p. 156), gold reserves and short-term dollar balances outside the United States (p. I57)> sterling balances (p. 158)1 gold payments in E.P.U. (p, 159), United Kingdom: gold and dollar reserves (p. 160), French reserve position (p. 160), adequacy of the reserves (p. 161) Page VII. Another Year of Flexible Credit Policies 163 Overcoming of latent inflation and disappearance of belief in cheap- money policy (p. 163), gross national product and money supply in different countries (p. 164), changes in money supply (p. 168) ; United States: monetary and credit policies (pp. 21, 168), official discount rates (p. 169), security yields and short-term money rates (p. 170), reserve requirements (p. 170), formation of the money supply and its components (p. 171), corporate investments and their financing (p. 171), Treasury accounts (p. 172), U.S. Government cash receipts and pay- ments (p. 173); United Kingdom: budget (p. 173), changes in credit extended to the public and private sector by London clearing banks (p. 174), selected items from the monthly returns of London clearing banks (p. 174), capital issues (p. 175), short and long-term rates (p. 175) ; Belgium : credit granted to the economy and the public authorities (p. 176) ; the Netherlands : formation of the money supply (p. 177), interest rates (p.
Recommended publications
  • A Comparison of North Korea with Czech Republic and Czechoslovakia Focused on Economic Reforms in Both Countries
    A COMPARISON OF NORTH KOREA WITH CZECH REPUBLIC AND CZECHOSLOVAKIA FOCUSED ON ECONOMIC REFORMS IN BOTH COUNTRIES By Radim Vaculovic THESIS Submitted to KDI School of Public Policy and Management in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF PUBLIC POLICY 2004 A COMPARISON OF NORTH KOREA WITH CZECH REPUBLIC AND CZECHOSLOVAKIA FOCUSED ON ECONOMIC REFORMS IN BOTH COUNTRIES By Radim Vaculovic THESIS Submitted to KDI School of Public Policy and Management in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF PUBLIC POLICY 2004 Professor Jin Park 2 ABSTRACT A COMPARISON OF NORTH KOREA WITH CZECH REPUBLIC AND CZECHOSLOVAKIA FOCUSED ON ECONOMIC REFORMS IN BOTH COUNTRIES By Radim Vaculovic North Korea (Democratic People’s Republic of Korea) and Czech Republic or Czechoslovakia - is it possible to compare these two countries? Is there anything what is common for both countries? Many people will answer to this question probably „NOT“. Czech Republic is the country in the middle of Europe, (the Capital – Prague is very often called „the heart of Europe“), which quite successfully transferred social planned economy to market economy. North Korea is on the other hand a country with very central planned economy in North East Asia, where to talk about market economy is something not really possible. So two countries – no geographical connection, (the geographical distance between the two countries is about 8.000 km), no economic connection, each of the state is really in total different pole. Well if a person is satisfied with this explanation it is true there is probably not so much common and these two countries are not really comparable.
    [Show full text]
  • The Gazette March 1954
    Langston University Digital Commons @ Langston University LU Gazette, 1950-1959 LU Gazette (Student Newspaper) 3-1954 The aG zette March 1954 Langston University Follow this and additional works at: http://dclu.langston.edu/ archives_gazette_newspaper_19501959 Recommended Citation Langston University, "The aG zette March 1954" (1954). LU Gazette, 1950-1959. Book 16. http://dclu.langston.edu/archives_gazette_newspaper_19501959/16 This Book is brought to you for free and open access by the LU Gazette (Student Newspaper) at Digital Commons @ Langston University. It has been accepted for inclusion in LU Gazette, 1950-1959 by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Langston University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Langston University Gazette VOLUME THREE LANGSTON UNIVERSITY. LANGSTON, OKLAHOMA, MARCH, 1954 NUMBER FOUR Langston University Observes Brotherhood Week During February Adopting the national tlicmc for in year-round activities to build brotherhood, “ Let's (Jet Together," brotherho(Kl," Langston University began its fourth The season was used as an oppor­ annual obscrvancc of the Broiher- tunity to promote understanding of hooil season here I'ehruary 7, ac­ the development of religious faiths cording to an announcenunt from and to loster intcrfaith cooperation the ollice ot |ohn W. C'olcman, uni­ in matters of comon concern, accord­ versity chaphiin and Director of Re­ ing to Mrs. ,\ilella Smith, president ligious activities. ol the .\sociation ot Women Stu­ dents which sponsored the activities The I’ r(JtherhocKl season hail as of the week. .Mrs. Smith added that its purposes: ( i ) "to give people an special efforts were made to build opportunity to re-tledicate themselves appreci.ition for the religious beliefs as individuals to the basic ideals of of others.
    [Show full text]
  • Exchange Rate Policies in Transforming Economies of Central Europe
    Sacred Heart University DigitalCommons@SHU WCBT Faculty Publications Jack Welch College of Business & Technology 1997 Exchange Rate Policies in Transforming Economies of Central Europe Lucjan T. Orlowski Sacred Heart University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.sacredheart.edu/wcob_fac Part of the Eastern European Studies Commons, International Business Commons, International Economics Commons, and the Soviet and Post-Soviet Studies Commons Recommended Citation Orlowski, L. T. (1997). Exchange rate policies in transforming economies of central Europe. In L.T. Orlowski & D. Salvatore (Eds.).Trade and payments in Central and Eastern Europe's transforming economies (pp.123-144). Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press. This Book Chapter is brought to you for free and open access by the Jack Welch College of Business & Technology at DigitalCommons@SHU. It has been accepted for inclusion in WCBT Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@SHU. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. 6 EXCHANGE RATE POLICIES IN TRANSFORMING ECONOMIES OF CENTRAL EUROPE Lucjan T. Orlowski INTRODUCTION Exchange rate policies have always been important for policy makers in Central and Eastern Europe. Even before the initiation of market-orien,ted ,economic reforms in the beginning of the 1990s, the command economy system' was con­ fronted with more deregulated world markets through the export and import of goods and services. Therefore, policy makers could not ignore equilibrium exchange rates with currencies of the leading world economies, although the official rates were arbitrarily set by the Communist authorities at significantly distorted levels. Comprehensive programs of economic deregulation strengthened the impor­ tance of exchange rate policies for at least three reasons.
    [Show full text]
  • A Guide to the Literature of the Southwest Genevieve Porterfield
    New Mexico Quarterly Volume 24 | Issue 3 Article 14 1954 A Guide to the Literature of the Southwest Genevieve Porterfield Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/nmq Recommended Citation Porterfield, Genevieve. "A Guide to the Literature of the Southwest." New Mexico Quarterly 24, 3 (1954). https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/nmq/vol24/iss3/14 This Contents is brought to you for free and open access by the University of New Mexico Press at UNM Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in New Mexico Quarterly by an authorized editor of UNM Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Porterfield: A Guide to the Literature of the Southwest Genevieve Porterfield A GUIDE TO THE LITERATUR'E OF THE SOUTHWEST, L HIS 818 L lOG RAP H y attempts to list, with such thorough­ T ness as time and resources permit, current materials dealing with the Southwest. The Southwest, as here defined, includes all of New Mexico, Arizona and Texas, and parts of Utah, Oklahoma, Colo­ rado and California. d In order to conserve space, items from periodicals that are indexed in the Readers' Guide to Periodical Literature, the Education Index, the Industrial Arts Index and the Agricultural Index have been eliminated. Included in this issue are mainly those titles which were published or came to our attention between March 1 and May 31, 1954. BOOKS ADAMS, RAMON F. Six-guns and saddle CHAVEZ, FRAY ANGEUCO. La Conquisla. leather, bibliography of books and pam. dora, the autobiography of an ancient phlt!ts on western outlaws and gunmen.
    [Show full text]
  • The Foreign Service Journal, March 1954
    MARCH, 1954 “No, paisan. Io dico, ‘Make Mine ‘ ‘The only whisky bottled under 909’! Ca-na-da Schenley 909.” supervision of the Govern- “Ah, si—whisky di Canada!” mento di Canada at exactly o, not just any Canadian 90.9 proof, the one proof of whisky. Bring me the one with perfection. Nove — zero— the naturally fine taste . the nove—909—capisc'?” one that fills your glass with the “Nove—zero—nove! Natural- beauty and magic of Canada.” mente . il benissimo*!” ^chciuet! ‘Non capisc'.” •(translation: naturally . the finest!) cltcnlcg SCHENltrl1' ©1954 Canadian Schenley, Ltd. AGED AND BOTTLED UNDER SUPERVISION OF THE CANADIAN GOVERNMENT. CANADIAN SCHENLEY, LTD., VALLEYFIELD, P. Q., CANADA Styled by 'fyy/vonc/ybewy Enjoy the new distinction of an WORLD’S MOST FAMOUS DESIGNER Studebaker’s pace¬ setting new low-swung styling has won 30 out¬ standing awards in inter¬ national competitions OWN THIS ONE AND ONLY REALLY MODERN AUTOMOBILE! with both American and foreign cars. IT’S SETTING THE STYLE FOR THE WORLD! World’s most beautiful STUDKBAKER’S modern design is more than station wagon stand-out styling. It’s the greatest ad¬ It’s the long and low- vance ever made in car engineering. swung, roomy Stude- baker station wagon. Instead of burdening your car with old- You can get one either fashioned excess hulk that wastes power, as a Champion or as a Studebaker eliminates all needless dead weight. Commander V-8. Like The result is livelier acceleration more enjoy¬ all 1954 Studebakers, able driving—plus the finest performance and the station wagons are superbly color-styled in¬ handling you’ve ever had in any automobile.
    [Show full text]
  • Case Study of Czech and Slovak Koruna
    International Journal of Economic Sciences Vol. VI, No. 2 / 2017 DOI: 10.20472/ES.2017.6.2.002 BRIEF HISTORY OF CURRENCY SEPARATION – CASE STUDY OF CZECH AND SLOVAK KORUNA KLARA CERMAKOVA Abstract: This paper aims at describing the process of currency separation of Czech and Slovak koruna and its economic and political background, highlights some of its unique features which ensured smooth currency separation, avoided speculation and enabled preservation of the policy of a stable exchange rate and increased confidence in the new monetary systems. This currency separation was higly appreciated and its scenario and legislative background were reccommended by the IMF for use in other countries. The paper aims also to draw conclusions on performance of selected macroeconomic variables of the two successor countries with impact on monetary policy and exchange rates of successor currencies. Keywords: currency separation, exchange rate, monetary policy, economic performance, inflation, payment system, central bank JEL Classification: E44, E50, E52 Authors: KLARA CERMAKOVA, University of Economics in Prague, Czech Republic, Email: [email protected] Citation: KLARA CERMAKOVA (2017). Brief History of Currency Separation – Case study of Czech and Slovak Koruna. International Journal of Economic Sciences, Vol. VI(2), pp. 30-44., 10.20472/ES.2017.6.2.002 Copyright © 2017, KLARA CERMAKOVA, [email protected] 30 International Journal of Economic Sciences Vol. VI, No. 2 / 2017 1. Introduction Last decade of 20th century was an important period either from political either from economic aspects. Developed market economies mainly in Western Europe and Northern America were on the margin of recession, and in most centrally planned economies the political regimes were collapsing, starting a period of crucial political changes, which resulted, in some cases, into separation of multinational federations and birth of new states.
    [Show full text]
  • 225964800. : 1952, and $10607488 in 1949
    ,/ ARIZONA AND UNITED STATES METAL STATISTICS FIVE PRrnCIPAL METALS - COPPER, LEAD, zrnc, GOLD AND SILVER YEARS 1949-1953 (1953 Preliminary and Estimated) The metal statistics compiled and issued this month by the Arizona Department of Mineral Resources indicate many significant pOints and trends. First of all, Arizona continued it's more or less stabilized production of copper, pending the beginning of production from the big new developments of San Manuel, Bisbee, Silver Bell, Copper Cities and Bagdad. The quantity of copper ore treated increased from 44,472,522 tons .in 1952 to about 45,500,000 tons in 1953, the lar~st annual tonnage on record. Mining operations at 6 open pits • Ajo, Bagdad, Inspiration, Miami (Oastle Dome), Morenci and Ray - pr.~duced ap· proximately 38,500,000 tons of copper ore in 1953, compared with 37,478,651 tons in 1952. Ore from the Inspiration and Ray properties was mined from open pits and underground. The estimated value of copper produced in Arizona in 1953 was $224,395,600 based on the U.S.B.M. estimated price of copper at 28.6 cts. per lb. If based on the E. & M. J. average priee ot 28.8 cts, the value would be $225,964,800. : In lead production, Arizona has dropped to eighth place in the United States, compared with sixth in 1952 and 1951, fifth in 1950 and fourth in 1949. As the average price of lead dropped from 16.1 cta, to 13.3 cts. the estimated value of lead produced in 1953 was only $2,473,800, compared with $5,319,440 in 1952, and $10,607,488 in 1949.
    [Show full text]
  • Focus on European Economic Integration Special Issue 2009 from the Koruna to the Euro
    From the Koruna to the Euro Elena Kohútiková1 Slovakia is one of the few countries to have successfully introduced two currencies and two monetary policies in its economy in a relatively short period of time. This fact offers us an opportunity to compare (1) the period following the establish- ment of both an independent state and an independent currency with (2) the period when the national currency was changed and Slovakia joined the euro area. 1 The Slovak Koruna The second half of 1992 was extremely dynamic and brought the decision to split Czechoslovakia into two independent states on January 1, 1993. One of the issues discussed at that time was the establishment of a new central bank in Slovakia that would assume all the responsibilities that a central bank must fulfill. However, it was also decided that – in the first few months following the setup of both the new states and the new central banks – the Czech Republic and Slovakia would each conduct their own economic policies while maintaining a common monetary policy. In other words, the decision was made to create a monetary union between the two new states and to use the Czechoslovak koruna as the common currency. Initially, the monetary union was meant to exist for at least six months to allow both countries to prepare the launch of their own currencies and monetary policies. For the monetary union to work, the bank boards of both central banks transferred the responsibilities associated with monetary policy management to a Monetary Committee, in which both countries were each represented by three central bank delegates.
    [Show full text]
  • Implementation of the Euro in the Czech Republic
    Implementation of the Euro in the Czech Republic Thesis by Nguyen Le Zuzana Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Science in Business Administration State University of New York Empire State College 2016 Reader: Tanweer Ali I, Zuzana Nguyen Le, hereby declare that the material contained in this submission is original work performed by me under the guidance and advice of my mentor, Tanweer Ali. Any contribution made to the research by others is explicitly acknowledged in the thesis. I also declare that this work has not previously been submitted in any form for a degree or diploma in any university. Zuzana Nguyen Le, 24.4.2016 Acknowledgement I would like to express my deepest gratitude to my mentor, Mr. Tanweer Ali, for his precise guidance and his patience. I also want to thank all of my close friends who had to listen to my complaints during this stressful period. Especially, I am most grateful for my Thesis-writing-buddy, Dinh Huyen Trang, without whom I would have spent much more time writing the thesis. Our sessions full of food and concentration gave me the needed motivation to finish the work. So thank you. Last but not least, I owe my big thank to my family that supported me and gave me the most possible comfort environment to concentrate. Table of Contents Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 1 History .....................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
    RESTRICTED GENERAL AGREEMENT ON L/223 TARIFFS AND TRADE 31 August 1954 Limited Distribution NOTIFICATIONS OF SUBSIDIES UNDER ARTICLE XVI (January-August 1954) By Decision of the CONTRACTING PARTIES of 2 March 1950, contracting parties maintaining subsidies falling within the scope of Article XVI of the Agreement were required to submit notifications as required by that Article. Notifications have been receivedsince Decemberfrom1953 thefollow-follow- ing contracting parties: Page No. Australia 2 Greece 12 Austria 4 India 12 Canada 5 Japan 13 Ceylon il New Zealand 16 Finland 12 16 Federal Republic Sweden 17 of Germany 12 United Kingdom 18 L./223 Page 2 AUSTRALIA Notification of 1 July 1954 The following notification of subsidies of the type described by Article XVI brings up to date the notification reproduced in GATT document L/91/Add.l. 1. Nitrogenous Fertilizers (a) Sulphate of Ammonia No change from notification in L/91/Add.1 (b) Sodium Nitrate No change from notification in L/91/Add.1 2. Tractors The basis on which bounty is paid has not changed from that notified in L/91/Add .1. In the year ended 30 June 1953, bounty was paid on 320 tractors, 13, 282 units being imported in the same period. During the nine months ended 31 March 1954, bounty was paid on 314 tractors whilst 17,856 units were imported in the same period. 3. Sugar The notification given in GATT document L/91/Add.1 remains unchanged. Details of monthly rates of export sugar rebate for the period July 1953 to June 1954 are as follows:- Manufactured Other approved fruit products products per ton per ton July 1953 L1.
    [Show full text]
  • Scanned Using Fujitsu 6670 Scanner and Scandall Pro Ver 1.7
    905 1962/146 THE RABBIT DESTRUCTION REGULATIONS 1962 COBHAM, Governor-General ORDER IN COUNCIL At the Government House at Wellington this 22nd day of August 1962 Present: HIS EXCELLENCY THE GOVERNOR-GENERAL IN COUNCIL PURSUANT to the Rabbits Act 1955, His Excellency the Governor-General, acting by and with the advice and consent of the Executive Council, hereby makes the following regulations. REGULATIONS 1. (1) These regulations may be cited as the Rabbit Destruction Regulations 1962. (2) These regulations shall come into force on the seventh day after the date of their notification in the Gazette. 2. (1) The Board of any rabbit district referred to in the First Schedule hereto may from time to time, by resolution publicly notified twice in one or more newspapers circulating in the district within the jurisdiction of the Board, prohibit- (a) All trapping, shooting, and hunting of rabbits, whether with dogs or otherwise, within the district or any specified part thereof for a period not exceeding six months from a date to be specified in the notice, being a date not earlier than seven days after the date of the first publication of the notice and one day after the date of the second publication thereof: (b) The poisoning of or laying of poison for rabbits within its district or any specified part thereof for a similar period. (2) The Board of any such district may by resolution, and subject to such restrictions as to land and to such conditions as it thinks fit, grant exemption to any person from the operation of any prohibition imposed under subclause (1) of this regulation.
    [Show full text]
  • NATO in the Beholder's Eye: Soviet Perceptions and Policies, 1949-1956
    WOODROW WILSON INTERNATIONAL CENTER FOR SCHOLARS Christian Ostermann, Lee H. Hamilton, NATO in the Beholder’s Eye: Director Director Soviet Perceptions and Policies, 1949-56 BOARD OF ADVISORY TRUSTEES: COMMITTEE: Vojtech Mastny Joseph A. Cari, Jr., William Taubman Chairman (Amherst College) Steven Alan Bennett, Working Paper No. 35 Chairman Vice Chairman PUBLIC MEMBERS Michael Beschloss (Historian, Author) The Secretary of State Colin Powell; The Librarian of James H. Billington Congress (Librarian of Congress) James H. Billington; The Archivist of the United States Warren I. Cohen John W. Carlin; (University of Maryland- The Chairman of the Baltimore) National Endowment for the Humanities Bruce Cole; John Lewis Gaddis The Secretary of the (Yale University) Smithsonian Institution Lawrence M. Small; The Secretary of James Hershberg Education (The George Washington Roderick R. Paige; University) The Secretary of Health & Human Services Tommy G. Thompson; Samuel F. Wells, Jr. (Woodrow Wilson PRIVATE MEMBERS Washington, D.C. Center) Carol Cartwright, John H. Foster, March 2002 Sharon Wolchik Jean L. Hennessey, (The George Washington Daniel L. Lamaute, University) Doris O. Mausui, Thomas R. Reedy, Nancy M. Zirkin COLD WAR INTERNATIONAL HISTORY PROJECT THE COLD WAR INTERNATIONAL HISTORY PROJECT WORKING PAPER SERIES CHRISTIAN F. OSTERMANN, Series Editor This paper is one of a series of Working Papers published by the Cold War International History Project of the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars in Washington, D.C. Established in 1991 by a grant from the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, the Cold War International History Project (CWIHP) disseminates new information and perspectives on the history of the Cold War as it emerges from previously inaccessible sources on “the other side” of the post-World War II superpower rivalry.
    [Show full text]