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Index Page references to Notes will contain the page number followed by the letter ‘n’ and note number. Titles of publications will be followed by the name of the author in parentheses. Aarseth, Espen, 42 Adventure, Mystery, and Romance Abbott and Costello, 314 (Cawelti), 37, 88–89 ABC network, 526 adventure genre, 104, 115–117 Abrams, J.J., 90 advertising agencies, 345, 349 Abstract Expressionism, 158 advertising industry, 343–360, 522, 527 Abu Ghraib prison, 486, 488–490 boundary establishment for early photos of male Iraqi prisoners, 432, 508 advertising industry, 345–347 see also Ghosts of Abu Ghraib buzzwords, 344 (documentary) and capitalism, 344, 346 acidification, paper, 74 critical responses, 357 ACT UP group, 506, 513 fashion television, 367–368 activism see media activism, and culture new media and struggle to contain jamming advertising, 348–350 Adams, Franklin Pierce, 312 parody ads, 508, 509 Adams, Robert, 105 and popular culture, 344–345, 349, 352 Adbusters (magazine), 508 promotional culture and content, Adorno, Theodor,COPYRIGHTED 125, 174, 305, 350, MATERIAL351–357 353, 407 radio, case of, 348–350 and culture industries, 444, 447–448, social effects and responsibility, 346 449, 451, 452, 454 wartime, 250, 251 and music genres, 137, 138 An Aesthetics of Junk Fiction (Roberts), 88 see also Frankfurt School Africa, 15, 56, 124, 127 Adrian, Gilbert, 363 sub‐Saharan Africa, 126 Adrian, Jack, 108 African Diaspora, United States, 126–127 A Companion to Popular Culture, First Edition. Edited by Gary Burns. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Published 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 0002675591.indd 550 2/10/2016 2:34:22 PM Index 551 The African Queen (Forester), 117 American Culture Association, 4, 189 African Americans, 18, 22, 274, 376 The American Democrat (Cooper), 324 and genres, 92, 93 The American Dream in Vietnamese girls, 411–413 (Lieu), 23 musical performance, 127, 130, 137 American Federation of Musicians (AFM), and sports, 272, 274, 275, 281 131, 135 and visual culture, 150, 160 American Girl doll, 412, 414, 418 see also Blacks; race/ethnicity; sports, American Gothic (Wood), 157 race, and gender American High (TV series), 87 Age of Electricity, popular genres in, American Humor Studies Association, 311 128–139, 141 American identity, 24, 347, 473 Agee, James, 310–311, 333 food and drink preferences, 247, agribusiness, 258, 259 248, 250 Ahmed, Sara, 194 American Idol (reality TV program), 92–93 air travel, 292, 336 American Material Culture and Folklife An Air‐Conditioned Nightmare (Bronner), 186–187 (Miller), 326 American Material Culture (Mayo), 189 Aladdin (film), 411 American Museum, New York, 148 Alaia, Azzedine, 375 American Popular Entertainment Alaska‐Yukon fair, Seattle (1909), 293 (Matlaw), 298 Alba, Jessica, 24 American Public Transportation Aldama, Frederick Luis, 58 Association, 336 Aldean, Jason, 93 American Revolution, 254 Ali, Muhammad (Cassius Clay), 273 American Road (Davies), 324 Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland (Carroll), American Society of Composers, Authors 69–70 and Publishers (ASCAP), 129 Alive Day Memories: Home from Iraq American studies, 5, 305 (documentary), 485, 492–495 American Television Genres (Kaminsky and All Around the Year (Santino), 191 Mahan), 98 allegory, 34, 40 Ames, Kenneth, 188–189 Allen, Chris T., 350 amusement parks, 153, 157, 296, 395 Allen, Robert C., 206, 217, 219 see also Disney World; Disneyland; Allen, Woody, 312, 314 theme parks All‐Story Magazine, 117 Anagnostou, Yiorgos, 49 Alpert, Jon, 490 analog sound recording, 128 Alpert, Tami, 493 Analytic Engine, 232 Altman, Joel B., 33 analytical editing, film, 209, 210 Altman, Rick, 87, 89, 92, 98, 99 Anand, N., 127 Alvarez, Luis, 21–22 Ancient Greeks, 269, 306 Amateur Sports Act (1978), 275 philosophers, 168, 169, 170, 171, 172, Ambler, Eric, 97 181, 228, 260, 306–307 Ambrose, Stephen, 327 Anderson, Benedict, 248 American Art Union, 149, 150 Anderson, Christopher, 216 American Association of Advertising Anderson, Tammy L., 55 Agencies, 345 Andrejevic, Mark, 91, 99, 447 American Bandstand (television program), Andrews, David, 275 25, 26, 372 The Andromeda Strain (Crichton), 117 American Civil War, 130, 149, 150, 151, animal rights activists, 288 267, 291 Annie Hall (film), 366 0002675591.indd 551 2/10/2016 2:34:22 PM 552 Index anthropology, 37, 50, 51, 303, 323 The Artist in His Museum (self‐portrait by and humor, 309–310 Peale), 147–148 anticolonial revolutions, 15 artists and genre, 95–98 Appadurai, Arjun, 54–55, 191, 254 visual culture, 146, 153 Apple Boutique, 372 Asia, 15, 124, 169 Applebaum, Stanley, 294 Asimov, Isaac, 114 Arbuckle, Roscoe, 305, 313 Aspray, William, 232 archeological research, 189 assembly‐line production method, 105 archetypes, 37, 89 Associated Advertising Clubs of the architecture, 66, 160, 186, 207, 231, 290, World, 345 299, 334 Associated Apparel Manufacturers of Los archival evidence, 13, 14–15, 16, 18, 69 Angeles, 363 archivists, 64, 66, 67, 77 Associated Department Stores, 375–376 Arendt, Hannah, 449–450, 451 Association of American Artists (AAA), 157 Argosy (fiction magazine), 106 Astley, Philip, 285 Argyris, Chris, 167 athletic body, 265 Aries, Philippe, 401–402 Atkinson, Paul, 49 Aristotle, 306, 307 Atlantic Monthly, 355 Arkham House, 112 Attfield, Judith, 194 Armani, 377 Atwood, Margaret, 113 Armstrong, Karen, 383 audiences Armstrong, Louis, 135 fairs, 294 Arnaz, Desi, 24 films, 206, 208, 210 Arnheim, Rudolf, 207, 211 and genres, 88–91, 94–95 Aronczyk, Melissa, 352 niche or cult, 215 art ownership of culture, 518, 521 European modern art, 154 see also films; television film as, 207, 211 Audit Bureau of Circulations, 346 fine, 144, 145 Ault, Donald, 31–32 folk, 144 Austen, Jane, 93, 94, 112, 113 graffiti, 17 Austin, Joe, 17 historians, 205 auteur theory, 96, 97 and materials of popular culture, 66 authenticity, 214 popular see visual culture authorship Regionalist, 157 authorial intent, 13, 33, 34, 35 sequential, 42, 43 deceased authors, 34–35 see also architecture; artists and genre; and materials of popular culture, 70 visual culture and ownership, 530 Art and Illusion (Gombrich), 205 popular fiction, 102–103 Art Basel, Miami, 160 professional writers and history of Art Institute, Chicago, 152, 160 fiction, 104 Art of Decorating Dry Goods Windows professionalization of writing, 104, (Baum), 405 108–109 artifacts, popular culture, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, see also copyright; literature and fiction; 69, 76, 397 popular fiction genres; storytelling heritage, and material culture, 185, Autobahn, Germany, 325 186, 198 auto/ethnography, 49, 57 see also heritage, and material culture; automobiles, 19, 158, 186, 292, 324, materials, popular culture 329–335, 371 0002675591.indd 552 2/10/2016 2:34:22 PM Index 553 The Avant‐Garde Finds Andy Hardy (Ray), 39 Bartholdi, August, 153 Avila, Eric, 20, 21, 409 Barton, Bruce, 391 baseball, 268, 270, 272 Babbage, Charles, 231, 232 Basic Instinct (film), 434 Baby Boomer humanities scholars, 42 basketball, 268, 272, 276, 281n1 Baby Monkey (YouTube video), 401, Bass, Amy, 273 415–418 Batman, 520 A Bachelor’s Drawer (painting), 154 Battle of Alexandria (Porter), 147 Back Channel Media, 369 Baudrillard, Jean, 44, 69, 298, 409–410 Badgley Mischka (fashion label), 369 Baum, L. Frank, 401, 405–407 Bado‐Fralick, Nikki, 396, 397 Bazin, André, 44, 89, 208, 214 Bagdikian, Ben, 7, 523, 529 Beach Boys, 372 bagel, 248 Beadle, Erastus and Irwin, 105 Baghdad ER (documentary), 484, 485, Beatles, The, 136, 174, 530, 532 490–492 beats, hip hop, 56 Baker, Josephine, 127 Beau Geste (Wren), 117 Baker, Nicholson, 73, 74–75, 79 bebop, 133 Bakhtin, Mikhail, 24–25, 125, 298, 308 Bechet, Sidney, 134 Bakker, Jim, 394–395 Beethoven, Ludwig van, 127 “balanced budget conservatism,” 20 Beijing, China, 255, 256 Ball, Lucille, 366 Being Digital (Negroponte), 231 ballads, 13, 53 Belasco, Warren, 332 Balmer, Randall, 398n5 Bell, Daniel, 455 bands (music), 18, 129, 131–132, 138, 139, Bell & Howell, 73–75 503, 533 Bellamy, Francis J., 152 and fashion, 372, 373, 374 Bellow, Saul, 538 see also Beatles, The; music, popular Belmas, Genelle, 528, 529, 530 Bandura, Albert, 168 Beltrán, Mary, 24 Banet‐Weiser, Sarah, 276 Belton, John, 215 Bannister, Roger, 277 Benchley, Robert, 310, 312 Banton, Travis, 363 Benjamin, Walter, 69, 71, 128, 211, 234 Banvard, John, 147 Bennett, William, 542 Baraku, Imamu Amiri, 134 Bentham, Jeremy, 40 Barbarella (film), 366 Berg, Barbara, 413 The Barbie Chronicles (McDonough), 412 Berger, Arthur Asa, 303, 353 Barbie doll, 190–191, 412 Berger, Harris M., 56 Barbie’s Queer Accessories (Rand), 412 Berger, Kenneth, 131, 132 Bargaining for a Horse (painting), 149 Berger, Peter, 396 Barker, Clive, 112 Bergesen, Albert J., 519 Barks, Carl, 31–32 Bergson, Henri, 307–308 Barnet, Charlie, 19 Berish, Andrew, 19, 21 Barnouw, Erik, 7, 215–216 Berlin, Irving, 370 Barnum, P.T., 148, 161, 267, 286, 287, 288, Berlin Olympics (1936), 272 291, 292 Berliner, Emile, 128 Barnum and Bailey Circus, 284, 287, 288 Berman, Shelley, 315 Barr, Charles, 214 Berners‐Lee, Tim, 226 Barry, Dave, 312 Bernstein, Leonard, 138 Barthes, Roland, 38–39, 185, 246, 247, Bernstein, Robin, 193, 413 250, 252 bestsellers, 109, 112 0002675591.indd 553 2/10/2016 2:34:22 PM 554 Index Betamax, 531 Bloom, Allan, 538, 539, 540, 541, 544, 546 Beyoncé, 377 Bloom, Clive, 109 Beyond the Culture Wars (Graff), 544 Blount, Roy, Jr., 312 Bible, 33, 391, 392, 397 Blue Valentine (film), 427 bicycle travel, 329 Blues People (Baraka), 134 Bieber, Justin, 140 Bochner, Arthur P., 6 Bielby, Denise D., 54 Boddy, William, 216 Bierce,