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joshua

[Audio: Hist. Books Intro 1, 2, Notes] [reason:] that you may prosper wher- Your wives, March 22 cont’d: [Audio: S. Gregg: Joshua Intro 1, 2] ever you go. 8 This Book of the Law your little ones, and Back to: Title Page or Deuteronomy [Audio: Steve Gregg Jos 1] shall not depart from your mouth, but your livestock [Introduction Notes] Joshua 1 you shall meditate in it day and night, shall remain in the land that Moses [Video Overview: Pt1, Pt2] YHWH Charges Joshua 2554 AB [reason:] that you may observe to do gave you on this side of the Jordan. [How old was Joshua at this point? 1:1 ¶ After the death of Moses the servant according to all that is written in it. But you shall pass before your brethren He died at the age of 110 (24:29; of YHWH, it came to pass that YHWH spoke [Reason:] For then you will make armed, all your mighty men of valor, Judg 2:8). No other dates are given [directly, as to Moses?] to Joshua the your way prosperous, and then you and help them, 15 until YHWH has given for his life, but reasonable inferences son of Nun, Moses’ assistant, saying: 2 will have good success. 9 your brethren rest, as He gave you, and can be made (The Chronology of the Old “Moses My servant is dead. Now there- Have I not commanded you? they also have taken possession of the Testament © 1993-2004 by Dr. Floyd fore, arise, go over this Jordan, you Be strong and of good courage [#3]; land that YHWH your God is giving Nolen Jones). Josephus said he died and all this people, to the land that I do not be afraid, nor be dismayed, them. Then you shall return to the 20 yrs after the Conquest (of the Land am giving to them –– the children of for YHWH your God is with you land of your possession and enjoy it, of Canaan), which took seven years Israel. 3 Every place that the sole of wherever you go.” which Moses YHWH’s servant gave you (14:7-10). If so, he would have been your foot will tread upon [requires on this side of the Jordan toward the 90 then, 83 upon entering Canaan, and some personal responsibility, part in Joshua Charges the People sunrise.” 43 at the exodus, shortly after which the taking] I have given you, as I said 10 ¶ Then Joshua commanded the Moses described him as “a young man” to Moses. [cf. De 11:24, Ge 13:17] officers of the people, saying, 11 16 ¶ So they answered Joshua, saying, (relative to Moses at 81: Ex 33:11, 4 From “Pass through the camp and command “All that you command us we will do, 40:17). At only the third camp, and in [south] the wilderness [of Zin] and the people, saying, and wherever you send us we will go. the third month after the exodus, Moses [north] this Lebanon as far as ‘Prepare provisions for yourselves, 17 Just as we heeded Moses in all things, appointed him to gather and lead men [east] the great river, [cf. 2Sa 8:3] for within three [3] days you will so we will heed you. Only YHWH your against Amalek, who had attacked the River Euphrates, [|| 1Ch 18:3] cross over this Jordan, to go in to God be with you, as He was with Moses. Israel (Ex 17:8-13). Caleb was 40 all the land of the Hittites, and possess the land that YHWH your 18 Whoever rebels against your com- when he, Joshua, and the other 10 spies [west] to the Great Sea God is giving you to possess.’” 12 mand and does not heed your words, went into Canaan in the second year toward the going down of the sun, [However, the spies stayed away 3 in all that you command him, shall be after the exodus (14:7) and the two shall be your territory [but not uncondi- days (2:22; 3:1-2), so the crossing put to death. Only seem, from the story, to have been tionally: De 28:1-15; Le 18:26-28]. 5 must not have occurred within 3 be strong and of good courage [#4].” about the same age, so Josephus seems No man shall be able to stand before days.] to have been close or correct.] you all the days of your life; as I was And to [Audio: Steve Gregg Jos 2-3] 1 Chronicles 7:20-27 with Moses, so I will be with you. I the Reubenites, Joshua 2 i 20 ¶ The sons of Ephraim were … will not leave you nor forsake you. 6 the Gadites, and Two Spies to Jericho Environs Resheph [“flame”], and Be strong and of good courage [#1], for half the tribe of Manasseh 2:1 ¶ Now Joshua the son of Nun sent Telah [“vigor”] his son, to this people you shall divide as an Joshua spoke, saying, 13 out two [2] men from Acacia Grove to

Tahan [“camp”] his son, 26 inheritance the land that I swore to “Remember the word that Moses the spy secretly, saying, [Link to map] Laadan [“put in order”] his son, their fathers to give them. 7 Only servant of YHWH commanded you, “Go, view the land, especially Jericho Ammihud […] his son, be strong and very courageous [#2], saying, [cf. He 4 ] [“its moon”; ~5 miles (8 km) west Elishama […] his son, 27 [reason:] that you may observe to do ‘YHWH your God is giving you rest of the Jordan and 7 miles (11.5 km) Nun [“fish”] his son, and according to all the law that Moses My and is giving you this land.’ 14 north of the Dead Sea].” Joshua [“YHWH is salvation”] servant commanded you; do not turn his son. from it to the right hand or to the left,

Home: www.GenesisHistory.org; Joshua ToC: page 34 Last modified: 3/22/2019 1:42 PM Highlighting Legend & Latest Notes 2 So they went, and came to the house of A Deal With Rahab to your own home. 19 So it shall be that a harlot named Rahab [“wide”], and 8 ¶ Now before they lay down, she came whoever goes outside the doors of your lodged there. 2 And it was told the king up to them on the roof, 9 and said to the house into the street, his blood shall be of Jericho, saying, men: on his own head, and we will be guilt- “Behold, men have come here tonight “I know (1) that YHWH has given you less. And whoever is with you in the from the children of Israel to search the land, (2) that the terror of you house, his blood shall be on our head out the country.” 3 has fallen on us, and (3) that all the if a hand is laid on him. 20 And if you [Thus, there was a mole inside Israel? inhabitants of the land are fainthearted tell this business of ours, then we will Or someone overheard them?] because of you. 10 For we have heard So the men answered her, be free from your oath that you made So the king of Jericho sent to Rahab, (1) how YHWH dried up the water of “Our lives for yours, if none of you tell us swear.” 21 saying, [he even knew where they went!] the Red Sea for you when you came this business of ours. And it shall be, Then she said, “Bring out the men who have come to out of Egypt, and (2) what you did to when YHWH has given us the land, “According to your words, so be it.” you, who have entered your house, the two kings of the Amorites who that we will deal kindly and truly with And she sent them away, and they de- for they have come to search out all were on the other side of the Jordan, you.” 15 parted. And she bound the scarlet cord the country [Heb. eretz: land].” 4 Sihon and Og, whom you utterly Then she let them down by a rope in the window [probably not until just Then the woman took the two [2] men destroyed. 11 And as soon as we heard through the window, for her house was before the attack, so not to raise sus- and hid them. So she said,ii these things, our hearts melted; on the city wall; she dwelt on the wall. picion]. “Yes, the men came to me, but I did not neither did there remain any more 16 And she said to them, know where they were from. 5 And it courage in anyone because of you, “Get to the mountain, lest the pursuers The Two Spies Escape and Return happened as the gate was being shut, [reason:] for meet you. Hide there three [3] days, 22 ¶ They departed and went to the when it was dark, that the men went YHWH your God, until the pursuers have returned. mountain, and stayed there three [3] out. Where the men went I do not He is God Afterward you may go your way.” 17 days until the pursuers returned. The know; pursue them quickly, for you in heaven above and So the men said to her: pursuers sought them all along the way may overtake them.” 6 on land [earth] beneath. 12 “We will be blameless of this oath of [to the Jordan], but did not find them. (But she had brought them up to the roof Now therefore, I beg you, swear to me yours that you have made us swear, 23 So the two [2] men returned: and hidden them with the stalks of flax, by YHWH, since I have shown you 18 unless, when we come into the land, descended from the mountain and which she had laid in order on the roof.) kindness, that you also will show you bind this line of scarlet cord in crossed over [the Jordan River]; [cf. He 11:31; Ja 2:25] 7 kindness to my father’s house, the window through which you let us and they came to Joshua the son of Nun, Then the men pursued them by the road and give me a true token, 13 and spare down, and unless you bring and told him all that had befallen them. to the Jordan, to the fords. And as soon my father,   your father, 24 And they said to Joshua, as those who pursued them had gone out, my mother,   your mother, “Truly YHWH has delivered all the land they shut the gate. my brothers,   your brothers, into our hands, for indeed all the inhab- my sisters, [omitted twice below: [cf. v13, 6:23] itants of the country are fainthearted v18, 6:23] and and because of us.” all that they have,   all your father’s household and deliver our lives from death.” 14 [the latter includes her sisters and even more than she had asked, e.g., any servants]

Home: www.GenesisHistory.org; Joshua ToC: page 34 Last modified: 3/22/2019 1:42 PM Highlighting Legend & Latest Notes 3 ‘When you have come to the edge (for the Jordan overflows all its banks the tribes of the children of Israel, 6 March 23 of the water of the Jordan, you shall during the whole time of harvest that this may be a sign among you Joshua 3 stand in the Jordan.’” 9 [~March]), 16 that the waters that came when your children ask in time to Time to Cross the Jordan So Joshua said to the children of Israel, down from upstream stood still, and come, saying, 3:1 ¶ Then Joshua rose early in the morn- “Come here, and rose in a heap very far away at Adam ‘What do these stones mean to you?’ 7 ing; and they set out from Acacia Grove hear the words of YHWH your God.” 10 [“red”; ~13 miles upstream], the city Then you shall answer them that the and came to the Jordan, And Joshua said, that is beside Zaretan [“their distress”]. waters of the Jordan were cut off before he and all the children of Israel, “By this you shall know So the waters that went down into the the ark of the covenant of YHWH; and lodged there [one night] before they that the living God is among you, and Sea of the Arabah, the Salt Sea, failed, when it crossed over the Jordan, crossed over. 2 So it was, after three [3] that He will without fail drive out from and were cut off; and the people crossed the waters of the Jordan were cut off. days, [now ≥5 days since the spies went before you [seven tribes:] over opposite Jericho. 17 Then the And these stones shall be for a memorial out] that the officers went through the the Canaanites and priests who bore the ark of the covenant to the children of Israel forever.” 8 camp; 3 and they commanded the peo- the Hittites and of YHWH stood firm on dry ground in And the children of Israel did so, just ple, saying, the Hivites and the midst of the Jordan; and all Israel as Joshua commanded, and took up “When you see the ark of the covenant the Perizzites and crossed over on dry ground, until all the twelve [12] stones from the midst of of YHWH your God, and the priests, the the Girgashites and people had crossed completely over the the Jordan, as YHWH had spoken to Levites, bearing it, then you shall set the Amorites and Jordan. Joshua, according to the number of the out from your place and go after it. 4 the Jebusites: 11 [Audio: Steve Gregg Jos 4-6] tribes of the children of Israel, and car- Yet there shall be a space between Behold, the ark of the covenant of the Joshua 4 ried them over with them to the place you and it, about two thousand cubits Lord [Adonai] of all the land [earth] is A Twelve-Stone Memorialiii where they lodged, and laid them [~3,000 feet] by measure. Do not crossing over before you into the Jordan. 4:1 ¶ And it came to pass, when all the down there. 9 Then Joshua set up come near it, that you may know the 12 Now therefore, take for yourselves people had completely crossed over twelve [12] stones in [from] the midst way by which you must go, for you twelve [12] men from the tribes of the Jordan, that YHWH spoke to Joshua, of the Jordan, in the place where the have not passed this way before.” 5 Israel, one man from every tribe. 13 saying: 2 feet of the priests who bore the ark of And Joshua said to the people, And it shall come to pass, as soon as “Take for yourselves twelve [12] men the covenant stood; and they are there “Sanctify yourselves, for tomorrow the soles of the feet of the priests who from the people, one man from every to this day [probably the day Joshua YHWH will do wonders among you.” 6 bear the ark of YHWH, the tribe, 3 and command them, saying, wrote this part of the account]. Then Joshua spoke to the priests, saying, Lord [Adonai] of all the land [earth], ‘Take for yourselves twelve [12] stones “Take up the ark of the covenant and shall rest in the waters of the Jordan, that from here, out of the midst of the Jordan, Joshua Exalted; Ark out of Jordan cross over before the people.” the waters of the Jordan shall be cut off, from the place where the priests’ feet 10 ¶ So the priests who bore the ark So they took up the ark of the covenant the waters that come down from up- stood firm. You shall carry them over stood in the midst of the Jordan until and went before the people. stream, and they shall stand as a heap.” with you and leave them in the lodging everything was finished that YHWH had place where you lodge tonight.’” 4 commanded Joshua to speak to the 7 ¶ And YHWH said to Joshua, The Jordan Stops, The People Cross Then Joshua called the twelve [12] men people, according to all that Moses had “This day I will begin to exalt you in 14 ¶ So it was, when the people set out whom he had appointed from the children commanded Joshua; and the people the sight of all Israel, [reason:] that from their camp to cross over the Jordan, of Israel, one man from every tribe; 5 hurried and crossed over. 11 Then it they may know that, as I was with with the priests bearing the ark of the and Joshua said to them: came to pass, when all the people had Moses, so I will be with you. 8 covenant before the people, 15 and as “Cross over before the ark of YHWH your completely crossed over, that the ark You shall command the priests who those who bore the ark came to the Jor- God into the midst of the Jordan, and of YHWH and the priests crossed over bear the ark of the covenant, saying, dan, and the feet of the priests who bore each one of you take up a stone on his in the presence of the people. 12 And the ark dipped in the edge of the water shoulder, according to the number of the men of Reuben, the men of Gad,

Home: www.GenesisHistory.org; Joshua ToC: page 34 Last modified: 3/22/2019 1:42 PM Highlighting Legend & Latest Notes 4 and half the tribe of Manasseh [had] ‘What are these stones?’ 22 after they had come out of Egypt. 5 after they had eaten the produce of the crossed over armed before the children then you shall let your children know, For all the people who came out had land; and the children of Israel no longer of Israel, as Moses had spoken to them. saying, been circumcised [at 8 days old?], but had manna, but they ate the food of the 13 About forty thousand [40,000; many ‘Israel crossed over this Jordan all the people born in the wilderness, land of Canaan that year. more in Nu 26; the rest left to protect on dry ground [cf. Ge 1:10]’; 23 on the way as they came out of Egypt, the women & children?] prepared for for YHWH your God dried up the waters had not been circumcised. [Disobedi- The Commander of YHWH’s Army war crossed over before YHWH for battle, of the Jordan before you until you had ent in this way too: Ge 17:12, Le 12:3] 13 ¶ And it came to pass, when Joshua to the plains of Jericho. 14 On that day crossed over, as YHWH your God had 6 For the children of Israel walked was by Jericho, that he lifted his eyes YHWH exalted Joshua in the sight of all done [did] to the Red Sea [40 years forty [40] years in the wilderness, till and looked, and behold, a Man stood Israel; and they feared him, as they earlier], which He dried up before us all the [disobedient] people who were opposite him with His sword drawn in had feared Moses, all the days of his until we had crossed over, 24 [reason:] men of war, who came out of Egypt, His hand. And Joshua went to Him and iv life [another ~27 years]. 15 Then that all the peoples of the land [earth] were consumed, because they did not said to Him, YHWH spoke to Joshua, saying, 16 may know the hand of YHWH, that it is obey the voice of YHWH –– to whom “Are You for us or “Command the priests who bear mighty, [(another) reason:] that you YHWH swore that He would not show for our adversaries?” 14 the ark of the Testimony may fear YHWH your God forever.” them the land that YHWH had sworn to So He said, to come up from the Jordan.” 17 their fathers that He would give us, “No, but as Commander of the army of Joshua therefore commanded the priests, Joshua 5 “a land flowing with milk and honey.” 7 YHWH I have now come.” saying, Sons of Israel Circumcisedv Then Joshua circumcised their sons And Joshua fell on his face to the ground “Come up from the Jordan.” 18 5:1 ¶ So it was, when whom He [had] raised up in their place; [earth] and worshiped, and said to Him, And it came to pass, when the priests all the kings of the Amorites for they were uncircumcised, because [i.e., Joshua seems to think this is YHWH] who bore the ark of the covenant of YHWH who were on the west side of they had not been circumcised on the “What does my Lord [Adonai] say to had come from the midst of the Jordan, the Jordan, and way. 8 So it was, when they had fin- His servant?” 15 and the soles of the priests’ feet touched all the kings of the Canaanites ished circumcising all the people, that Then the Commander of YHWH’s army the dry land, that the waters of the Jor- who were by the sea, they stayed in their places in the camp said to Joshua, dan returned to their place and over- heard that YHWH had dried up the waters till they were healed [~a week? Ge “Take your sandal off your foot, for flowed all its banks as before. 19 Now of the Jordan from before the children 34:25]. 9 Then YHWH said to Joshua, the place where you stand is holy.” the people came up from the Jordan on of Israel until we had crossed over, “This day I have rolled away the [Cf. Ex 3:5; this is YHWH Himself.] the tenth day of the first month [2554AB/ that their heart melted; and there was reproach of Egypt from you.” And Joshua did so. 01/10, ~April: Nu 33:38; 5 days before no spirit in them any longer because Therefore the name of the place is called th the end of the 40 full year, as they had of the children of Israel. 2 Gilgal [“a wheel, rolling”] to this day. Joshua 6 th left Egypt after Passover (on the 15 )], At that time YHWH said to Joshua, Seven Days to Sack Jericho and they camped in Gilgal [“a wheel, “Make flint knives for yourself, and Passover Observed 6:1 ¶ Now Jericho was securely shut up rolling”] on the east border of Jericho. circumcise the sons of Israel again 10 ¶ Now the children of Israel camped because of the children of Israel; the second time.” [i.e., restart?] 3 in Gilgal, and kept the Passover on none went out, and The Twelve-Stone Memorial So Joshua made flint knives for himself, the fourteenth day of the month none came in. 2 20 ¶ And those twelve [12] stones that and circumcised the sons of Israel at the [2554AB/01/14; cf. 4:19] at twilight And YHWH said to Joshua: they took out of the Jordan, Joshua set hill of the foreskins. 4 And this is the on the plains of Jericho. 11 And they ate “See! I have given Jericho into your up in Gilgal. 21 Then he spoke to the reason why Joshua circumcised them: of the produce of the land on the day hand, its king, and the mighty men of children of Israel, saying: All the people who came out of Egypt after the Passover, unleavened bread valor. 3 You shall march around the “When your children ask their fathers who were males, all the men of war, and parched grain, on the very same day. city, all you men of war; you shall go in time to come, saying, had died in the wilderness on the way, 12 Then the manna ceased on the day all around the city once. This you shall

Home: www.GenesisHistory.org; Joshua ToC: page 34 Last modified: 3/22/2019 1:42 PM Highlighting Legend & Latest Notes 5 do six [6] days. 4 And seven [7] priests So he had the ark of YHWH circle the YHWH; they shall come into the treasury they put into the treasury of the house shall bear seven [7] trumpets of rams’ city, going around it once. Then they of YHWH [i.e., firstfruits].” 20 of YHWH [three prior uses of this phrase: horns before the ark. But the seventh came into the camp and lodged in the So the people shouted when the priests Ex 23:19, 34:26; De 23:18]. 25 And th [7 ] day you shall march around the camp. 12 And Joshua rose early in the blew the trumpets. And it happened Joshua spared city seven [7] times, and the priests morning, and the priests took up the when the people heard the sound of the Rahab the harlot, shall blow the trumpets. 5 It shall come ark of YHWH. 13 Then seven [7] priests trumpet, and the people shouted with a her father’s household, and to pass, when they make a long blast bearing seven [7] trumpets of rams’ great shout, that the wall fell down flat. all that she had. with the ram’s horn, and when you hear horns before the ark of YHWH went on Then the people went up into the city, So she dwells in Israel to this day, be- the sound of the trumpet, that all the continually and blew with the trumpets. every man straight before him, and they cause she hid the messengers [cf. v17] people shall shout with a great shout; And the armed men went before them. took the city. 21 And they utterly de- whom Joshua sent to spy out Jericho. then the wall of the city will fall down But the rear guard came after the ark stroyed [And she married Salmon and bore Boaz flat. And the people shall go up every of YHWH, while the priests continued all that was in the city, (Mt 1:5a) who married Ruth who bore man straight before him.” blowing the trumpets. 14 And the both man and woman, Obed (Ru 4:13, Ru 4:21), grandfather second [2nd] day they marched around young and old, of David. Perhaps Salmon was one of 6 ¶ Then Joshua the son of Nun called the city once and returned to the camp. ox and sheep and donkey, those two messengers? Not known.] the priests and said to them, So they did six [6] days. 15 But it came with the edge of the sword. 22 26 “Take up the ark of the covenant, and to pass on the seventh [7th] day that Then Joshua charged them at that time, let seven [7] priests bearvi they rose early, about the dawning of But Joshua had said to the two [2] men saying, seven [7] trumpets of rams’ horns the day, and marched around the city who had spied out the country, “Cursed be the man before YHWH who before the ark of YHWH.” 7 seven [7] times in the same manner. “Go into the harlot’s house, and from rises up and builds this city Jericho; And he said to the people, On that day only, they marched around there bring out the woman and all that he shall lay its foundation “Proceed, and march around the city, the city seven [7] times. 16 And the she has, as you swore to her.” 23 with his firstborn, and and let him who is armed advance seventh [7th] time it happened, when And the young men [perhaps ~40 years with his youngest before the ark of YHWH.” 8 the priests blew the trumpets, that old; see note preceding Jos 1] who had he shall set up its gates.” So it was, when Joshua had spoken to Joshua said to the people: been spies went in and brought out Fulfilled: 1 Kings 16:34 the people, that the seven [7] priests “Shout, Rahab, In his [Ahab’s] days bearing the seven [7] trumpets of rams’ for YHWH has given you the city! 17 ¶ her father, Hiel [“God lives”] of horns before YHWH advanced and blew Now the city shall be doomed by YHWH her mother, Bethel [“house of God”] the trumpets, and the ark of the covenant to destruction, it and all who are in it. her brothers, [re-]built Jericho [“its moon”]. of YHWH followed them. 9 The armed Only Rahab the harlot shall live, she and [cf. 2:13, 2:18] He laid its foundation with men went before the priests who blew and all who are with her in the house, all that she had. Abiram [“exalted is my father”] the trumpets, and the rear guard came because she hid the messengers [He- [The latter includes her sisters.] his firstborn, and with after the ark, while the priests continued brew malak: angels, messengers] that So they brought out his youngest son blowing the trumpets. 10 Now Joshua we sent. 18 And you, by all means all her relatives Segub [“exalted”] had commanded the people, saying, abstain from the accursed things, and left them outside the camp of Israel. he set up its gates, “You shall not shout or make any noise lest you become accursed when you 24 But they burned according to the word of YHWH with your voice, nor shall a word pro- take of the accursed things, and the city and that He had spoken ceed out of your mouth, until the day make the camp of Israel a curse, and all that was in it through Joshua the son of Nun. I say to you, ‘Shout!’ trouble it. 19 with fire. Only 27 So YHWH was with Joshua, and his Then you shall shout.” 11 But all the silver and gold, and vessels the silver and gold, and fame spread throughout all the country of bronze and iron, are consecrated to the vessels of bronze and iron, [Heb. erets: land].

Home: www.GenesisHistory.org; Joshua ToC: page 34 Last modified: 3/22/2019 1:42 PM Highlighting Legend & Latest Notes 6 Judah’s Descendants “Alas, Lord YHWH [Adonai YHWH], In the morning therefore you shall be March 24 Sons indicated by indentation: why have You brought this people brought according to your tribes. Joshua 7 [Audio: S. Gregg Jos 7-8] Judah [cf. Ge 38 || 1Ch 2:3-5] over the Jordan at all –– to deliver And it shall be that Achan Brings Trouble to Israel (by Shua, his first wife) us into the hand of the Amorites, to the tribe that YHWH takes shall 7:1 ¶ But the children of Israel commit- Er [died before Egypt] destroy us? Oh, that we had been come according to families; and ted a trespass regarding the accursed Onan [died before Egypt] content, and dwelt on the other side the family that YHWH takes shall things, for Shelah of the Jordan! 8 O Lord [Adonai], come by households; and Achan [“troubler”] the son of (by Tamar) what shall I say when Israel turns its the household that YHWH takes shall Carmi [“my vineyard”], the son of Perez [cf. Ge 38:24-30] back before its enemies? 9 For the come man by man. 15 Zabdi [“endowment”], the son of | Hezron [cf. Ru 4:18-22] Canaanites and all the inhabitants of Then it shall be that Zerah [“rising”], of the tribe of | | Ram the land will hear it, and surround us, he who is taken with the accursed thing Judah [“praise”], | | Amminadab and cut off our name from the land shall be burned with fire, took of the accursed things; | | Nahshon [earth]. Then what will You do for he and all that he has, so the anger of YHWH burned against | | | Salmon Your great name?” because he has transgressed the children of Israel. 2 | | | Boaz the covenant of YHWH, and Now Joshua sent men from Jericho to | | | Obed 10 ¶ So YHWH said to Joshua: because he has done Ai [“heap of ruins”],vii | | | Jesse “Get up! a disgraceful thing in Israel.’” which is beside [see map] | | | David Why do you lie thus on your face? 11 Beth Aven [“house of vanity”], | | Elisheba (daughter) Israel has sinned, and they have also 16 ¶ So Joshua rose early in the morning on the east side of | | [Aaron’s wife] transgressed My covenant that I com- and brought Israel by their tribes, Bethel [“house of God”], | Hamul manded them. For they have even and the tribe of Judah was taken; 17 and spoke to them, saying, Zerah [cf. Ge 38:24-30] taken some of the accursed things, he brought the clan of Judah, “Go up and spy out the country.” … [unknown connection] and have both stolen and deceived; and He took the family of the Zarhites; So the men went up and spied out Ai. 3 Zerah [cf. Jos 7:1,17] and they have also put it among their and he brought And they returned to Joshua and said Zabdi [alive at Ai] own stuff. 12 Therefore the children the family of the Zarhites to him, Carmi of Israel could not stand before their man by man, “Do not let all the people go up, Achan [died re Ai] enemies, but turned their backs before and Zabdi was taken. but let about two or three thousand [Judah’s 3 then-living sons (Shelah, their enemies, because they have be- [So he was still alive, hence he must have [2-3,000] men go up and attack Ai. Perez, Zerah) entered Egypt with come doomed to destruction. Neither been < 20 years old at the spy incident, Do not weary all the people there, him, along with his 2 newborn will I be with you anymore, unless you for otherwise he would have died in the for the people of Ai are few.” 4 grandsons (Hezron, Hamul); the destroy the accursed from among you. wilderness (Nu 32:11); thus there was So about three [3] thousand [~3,000] rest were all born afterward.] 13 Get up, sanctify the people, and say, just adequate time (up to ~58 years) for men went up there from the people, [Zerah was “of the tribe of” rather ‘Sanctify yourselves for tomorrow, him to beget Carmi and Carmi to beget but they fled before the men of Ai. 5 than “the son of” Judah: See the because thus says YHWH God of Achan, and him to beget children (v24). And the men of Ai struck down about note following v17.] Israel: Hence, Zabdi was too young to have thirty-six [~36] men, for they chased “There is an accursed thing in been Judah’s grandson, so his father them from before the gate as far as 6 ¶ Then Joshua tore his clothes, and your midst, O Israel; you can- Zerah must have been a descendent of Shebarim [“the breaches”], fell to the ground [earth] on his face not stand before your enemies Judah likely named after Judah’s son and struck them down on the descent; before the ark of YHWH until evening, until you take away the accursed Zerah (~15 at entry to Egypt, then 215 therefore the hearts of the people he and the elders of Israel; and they put thing from among you.” 14 years when Zabdi was perhaps ~18). melted and became [like] water. dust on their heads. 7 And Joshua said, That explains why “of the tribe of

Home: www.GenesisHistory.org; Joshua ToC: page 34 Last modified: 3/22/2019 1:42 PM Highlighting Legend & Latest Notes 7 Judah” is here used of this Zerah; we And they took them from the midst of Joshua 8 ‘They are fleeing before us are not given his full genealogy.] the tent, brought them to Joshua and Israel Ambushes Ai as at the first.’ 18 Then he [Joshua] brought his to all the children of Israel, and laid 8:1 ¶ Now YHWH said to Joshua: Therefore we will flee before them. 7 [Zabdi’s] household man by man, and them out before YHWH. 24 Then Joshua, “Do not be afraid, nor be dismayed; Then you shall rise from the ambush Achan the son of and all Israel with him, took take all the people of war with you, and seize the city, for YHWH your God Carmi, the son of Achan and arise, go up to Ai. will deliver it into your hand. 8 And it Zabdi, the son of [the son of Carmi, See, I have given into your hand will be, when you have taken the city, Zerah, of the tribe of the son of Zabdi,] the king of Ai, that you shall set the city on fire. Judah, the son of Zerah, his people, According to the commandment of was taken. 19 Now Joshua said to Achan, [of the tribe of Judah,] his city, and YHWH you shall do. “My son, I beg you, the silver, his land. 2 See, I have commanded you.” 9 give glory to YHWH God of Israel, and the garment, And you shall do make confession to Him, and the wedge of gold, to Ai and its king as you did Joshua therefore sent them out; and tell me now what you have done. his sons, his daughters, to Jericho and its king. they went to lie in ambush, and stayed Do not hide it from me.” 20 [apparently they knew] Only its spoil and its cattle between Bethel and Ai, on the west side And Achan answered Joshua and said, his oxen, you shall take as booty for yourselves. of Ai [and apparently south of Bethel]; “Indeed I have sinned against YHWH God his donkeys, Lay an ambush for the city behind it.” but Joshua lodged that night among the of Israel, and this is what I have done: 21 his sheep, people. 10 Then Joshua rose up early in When I saw among the spoils his tent, and 3 ¶ So Joshua arose, and all the people the morning and mustered the people, a beautiful Babylonian garment, all that he had, of war, to go up against Ai; and Joshua and went up, he and the elders of Israel, two hundred shekels of silver1, and they brought them to the Valley of chose thirty thousand [30,000, ten times before the people to Ai. 11 And all the and a wedge of gold Achor [“trouble”, “disturbance”]. 25 as many as before!] mighty men of people of war who were with him went 2 weighing fifty shekels , And Joshua said, valor and sent them away by night. 4 up and drew near; and they came before I coveted them and took them. And “Why have you troubled us? And he commanded them, saying: the city and camped on the north side there they are, hidden in the ground YHWH will trouble you this day.” “Behold, you shall lie of Ai [apparently east of Bethel]. [earth] in the midst of my tent, with So all Israel stoned him with stones; and in ambush against the city, the silver under it.” 22 they burned them with fire [cremation] behind the city. Now a valley lay between them and Ai. So Joshua sent messengers, and they after they had stoned them with stones. Do not go very far from the city, but 12 So he took [had taken] about five ran to the tent; and there it was, hidden 26 Then they raised over him a great all of you be ready. 5 Then I and all thousand [~5,000] men and set them in his tent, with the silver under it. 23 heap of stones, still there to this day the people who are with me [appar- in ambush between Bethel and Ai, on [a memorial]. So YHWH turned from ently 25,000 of the 30,000: v12] will the west side of the city [south of Beth- the fierceness of His anger. Therefore approach the city; and it will come el]. 13 And when they had set the peo- the name of that place has been called about, when they come out against us ple, all the army that was on the north the Valley of Achor to this day. as at the first, that we shall flee before of the city [east of Bethel; 25,000 in [Perhaps a day near Joshua’s death.] them. 6 For they will come out after number], and its rear guard [5,000] on us till we have drawn them from the the west of the city [south of Bethel], 34 Joshua went that night into the midst 1 th city, for they will say, A silver shekel may have been ~1/60 of of the valley. 14 a pound, so 16/60 x ~$10.80 = $2.88, so 200 shekels =~ $576, in 2008. 2 A gold shekel may have been ~1/60th of a pound, so 16/60 x ~$800 = $213.33, so 50 shekels = ~$10,667 in 2008 dollars. Home: www.GenesisHistory.org; Joshua ToC: page 34 Last modified: 3/22/2019 1:42 PM Highlighting Legend & Latest Notes 8 Now it happened, when the king of Ai against them; so they were caught in Joshua Builds an Altar on Mt. Ebal And afterward he read saw it, that the men of the city hurried the midst [middle] of Israel, 30 ¶ Now Joshua built all the words of the Law, and rose early and went out against Some [5,000] on this side and an altar to YHWH God of Israel the blessings and the cursings, Israel to battle, he and all his people, some [25,000] on that side. in Mount Ebal [“Stone”], 31 according to at an appointed place before the plain. And they struck them down, so that they as Moses the servant of YHWH all that is written in But he did not know that there was an let none of them remain or escape. had commanded the Book of the Law. 35 ambush against him behind [west of] the children of Israel, There was not a word of the city. 15 And Joshua and all Israel 23 ¶ But the king of Ai they took alive, as it is written in all that Moses had commanded made as if they were beaten before them, and brought him to Joshua. 24 And it the Book of the Law of Moses: that Joshua did not read before and fled by the way of the wilderness. 16 came to pass when Israel had made an “an altar of whole stones all the assembly of Israel So all the people who were in Ai were end of slaying all the inhabitants of Ai over which no man has –– with [including] called together to pursue them. And in the field, in the wilderness where wielded an iron tool.” [De 27:5] the women, they pursued Joshua and were drawn they pursued them, and when they all And they offered on it the little ones, and away from the city. 17 There was not had fallen by the edge of the sword burnt offerings to YHWH, and the strangers a man left in Ai or Bethel who did not until they were consumed, that all the sacrificed peace offerings. 32 And who were living among them. go out after Israel. So they left the city Israelites [30,000] returned to Ai and there, in the presence of open and pursued Israel. 18 Then YHWH struck it with the edge of the sword the children of Israel, [Audio: Steve Gregg Jos 9] said to Joshua, [so, apparrently, the women and chil- he wrote on the stones Joshua 9 “Stretch out the spear that is in your hand dren]. 25 So it was that all who fell a copy of the Law of Moses, W. Kings Hear, Unite To Fight Israel toward Ai, for I will give it into your that day, both men and women, were which he had written. 33 Then 9:1 ¶ And it came to pass when all the hand.” twelve thousand [12,000] –– all the all Israel kings who were on this [west] side of And Joshua stretched out the spear that people of Ai. 26 For Joshua did not –– with their elders the Jordan, was in his hand toward the city. 19 So draw back his hand, with which he and officers and judges –– in the hills and those [5,000] in ambush arose quickly stretched out the spear, until he had stood on either side of in the lowland and out of their place; they ran as soon as utterly destroyed all the inhabitants of the ark, in all the coasts of the Great Sea he had stretched out his hand, and they Ai. 27 Only the livestock and the spoil before the priests: toward Lebanon –– entered the city and took it, and hurried of that city Israel took as booty for them- the Levites, the Hittite, to set the city on fire. 20 And when the selves, according to the word of YHWH who bore the Amorite, men of Ai looked behind them, they that He had commanded Joshua. 28 the ark of the covenant of YHWH the Canaanite, saw, and behold, the smoke of the city –– the stranger as well as the Perizzite, ascended to heaven. So they had no So Joshua burned Ai and made it a he who was born among them: the Hivite, and power to flee this way or that way, and heap forever, a desolation to this day. half of them in front of Mount Gerizim the Jebusite the people who had fled to the wilderness 29 And the king of Ai he hanged on a [“cuttings off”] and –– heard about it [what Joshua had turned back on the pursuers. 21 tree until evening [according to the law: half of them in front of Mount Ebal, done to Jericho and Ai], 2 that they De 12:22-23]. And as soon as the sun as Moses the servant of YHWH had gathered together to fight with Joshua Now when Joshua and all Israel [25,000] was down, Joshua commanded that commanded before [De 27:11-13], and Israel with one accord. saw that the ambush had taken the city they should take his corpse down from [reason:] and that the smoke of the city ascend- the tree, cast it at the entrance of the that they [the priests] should bless ed, they turned back and struck down gate of the city, and raise over it a the people of Israel. 34 the men of Ai [and Bethel, presumably]. great heap of stones that remains to 22 Then the others came out of the city this day [another memorial].

Home: www.GenesisHistory.org; Joshua ToC: page 34 Last modified: 3/22/2019 1:42 PM Highlighting Legend & Latest Notes 9 Exception: Gibeon Resorts to Trickery Sihon king of Heshbon, and Gibeon [“hill city”], Now therefore, you are cursed, and 3 ¶ But when the inhabitants of Gibeon Og king of Bashan, Chephirah [“lioness”], none of you shall be freed from being [“hill city”; ~5 miles (8km) from who was at Ashtaroth. 11 Beeroth [“wells”], and slaves –– Jerusalem; later a Levitical city of Therefore our elders and all the inhab- Kirjath Jearim [“city of forests”; woodcutters and water carriers Benjamin; modern ‘el-Jib’; map] itants of our country spoke to us, saying, aka ‘Kirjath-baal’ and ‘Baalah’; for [Israel:] the house of my God.” 24 heard what Joshua had done to Jericho ‘Take provisions with you on the northern boundary of Judah So they answered Joshua and said, and Ai, 4 they worked craftily, and went for the journey, and and on the western and southern “Because your servants were clearly and pretended to be ambassadors. And go to meet them, and boundaries of Benjamin]. 18 told that they took say to them, But the children of Israel YHWH your God old sacks on their donkeys, “We are your servants; did not attack them, commanded His servant Moses old wineskins torn and mended, 5 now therefore, because the rulers of to give you all the land, and old and patched sandals make a covenant with us.”’ 12 the congregation to destroy all the inhabitants on their feet, and This bread of ours we took hot for our had sworn to them of the land from before you; old garments on themselves; provision from our houses on the day [vows: Ps 15(:4), Ecc 5:2] therefore we were and all the bread of their provision was we departed to come to you. But now by YHWH God of Israel. And very much afraid for our lives dry and moldy. 6 And they went to look, it is dry and moldy. 13 And these all the congregation because of you, and have Joshua, to the camp at Gilgal, and said wineskins that we filled were new, and complained against done this thing. 25 And now, to him and to the men of Israel, see, they are torn; and these our garments the rulers. 19 Then here we are, in your hands; “We have come from a far country; and our sandals have become old be- all the rulers said to do with us now therefore, cause of the very long journey.” 14 all the congregation, as it seems good and right to make a covenant with us.” 7 Then the men of Israel [v15: including “We have sworn to them do to us.” 26 Then the men of Israel said to the Hivites, Joshua] received [took] some of their by YHWH God of Israel; So he did to them, and “Perhaps you dwell among us; provisions [as evidence]; but [oops] now therefore, delivered them out of the hand of so how can we they did not ask counsel of YHWH. we may not touch them. 20 the children of Israel, [reason:] make a covenant with you?” 8 [Cf. 11:19-20; Pr 3:5-6.] This we will do to them: so that they did not kill them. 27 But they said to Joshua, We will let them live, And that day Joshua made them “We are your servants.” Joshua Makes a Covenant with Gibeon lest wrath be upon us because of woodcutters and water carriers And Joshua said to them, 15 ¶ So Joshua made peace with them, the oath that we swore to them.” 21 for the congregation and “Who are you, and and made And the rulers said to them, for the altar of YHWH, where do you come from?” 9 a covenant with them to let them live; “Let them live, but let them be [hence, Nethinim, temple slaves So they said to him: and the rulers of the congregation woodcutters and water carriers assigned to the Levites & priests “From a very far country [first use of “rulers”] for all the congregation, for service in the sanctuary; your servants have come, swore to them. 16 as the rulers had promised them.” rebuilders in the time of Zeru- because of the name [reputation] And it happened at the end of three [3] babel: Ezra 2:20 || Neh 7:25; of YHWH your God; days, after they had made a covenant Gibeon Found Out, Converted to YHWH Ezra 2:43 || Neh 7:46; Ezra for we have heard of with them, that they heard that they 22 ¶ Then Joshua called for them, and 7:24; Neh 3:7; the far off His fame, and were their neighbors who dwelt near he spoke to them, saying, brought near: Eph 2:11-22, all that He did in Egypt, 10 and them. 17 Then the children of Israel “Why have you deceived us, saying, esp. 13, 18.] all that He did to journeyed and came to their cities on ‘We are very far from you’, in the place that He would choose, rd the two kings of the Amorites the third [3 ] day. Now their cities when you dwell near us? 23 even to this day [probably the day that who were beyond the Jordan –– to were Joshua finished writing this book].

Home: www.GenesisHistory.org; Joshua ToC: page 34 Last modified: 3/22/2019 1:42 PM Highlighting Legend & Latest Notes 10 the king of Lachish, and children of Israel killed with the sword. till they had finished, that those who March 25 the king of Eglon, 12 Then Joshua spoke to YHWH in the escaped entered fortified cities. 21 And Joshua 10 [Audio: S. G. Jos 10-11] [all south of Gibeon: see map] day when YHWH delivered up the all the people returned to the camp, to Gibeon Attacked by Five Kings gathered together and went up, Amorites before the children of Israel, Joshua at Makkedah, in peace. No one viii 10:1 ¶ Now it came to pass when Adoni- they and all their armies, and and he said in the sight of Israel: moved his tongue against any of the Zedek [“righteous is my lord”] king camped before Gibeon and “Sun, stand still over Gibeon; children of Israel. 22 Then Joshua said, of Jerusalem heard how Joshua had made war against it. 6 And Moon, in the Valley of Aijalon “Open the mouth of the cave, and taken Ai and had utterly destroyed it And the men of Gibeon sent to Joshua [“field of deer”].” 13 bring out those five [5] kings to me –– as he had done to Jericho and its at the camp at Gilgal, saying, So the sun stood still, from the cave.” 23 king, so he had done to Ai and its king “Do not forsake your servants; come And the moon stopped, And they did so, and brought out those –– and how the inhabitants of Gibeon up to us quickly, save us and help us, Till the people had revenge five [5] kings to him from the cave: had made peace with Israel and were for all the kings of the Amorites who Upon their enemies. the king of Jerusalem, nd 2 among them, that they feared greatly, dwell in the mountains have gathered Is this not written in [ 2 : 2Sa 1:18] the king of Hebron, because Gibeon was together against us.” the Book of Jasher? [1st of 2 references] the king of Jarmuth, a great city, So the sun stood still in the midst of the king of Lachish, and like one of the royal cities, and Joshua Defends Gibeon: Long Day heaven, and did not hasten to go down the king of Eglon. 24 because 7 ¶ So Joshua ascended from Gilgal, for about a whole day. 14 And there has So it was, when they brought out those it was greater than Ai, and he and all the people of war with him, been no day like that, before it or after kings to Joshua, that Joshua called for all its men were mighty. 3 and all the mighty men of valor. 8 it, that YHWH heeded the voice of a man; all the men of Israel, and said to the Therefore Adoni-Zedek And YHWH said to Joshua, for YHWH fought for Israel. captains of the men of war who went king of Jerusalem [“peace teach- “Do not fear them, for I have delivered with him, ing”; a dual word, alluding to its them into your hand; not a man of them 15 ¶ Then Joshua returned, and all Israel “Come near, put your feet two main hills] sent to shall stand before you.” 9 with him, to the camp at Gilgal [cf. v43]. on the necks of these kings.” Hoham [“whom YHWH impels”] Joshua therefore came upon them 16 But these five [5] kings had fled And they drew near and put their feet king of Hebron [“association”], suddenly, having marched [~20 miles] and hidden themselves in a cave at on their necks. 25 Then Joshua said to Piram [“like a wild ass”] all night from Gilgal. 10 So YHWH Makkedah [“place of shepherds”]. 17 them, king of Jarmuth [“heights”], routed them before Israel, And it was told Joshua, saying, “Do not be afraid, nor be dismayed; Japhia [“shinning”] killed them with a great slaughter “The five [5] kings have been found be strong and of good courage, king of Lachish [“invincible”], and at Gibeon, hidden in the cave at Makkedah.” 18 for thus YHWH will do to all your Debir [“sanctuary”] chased them along the road So Joshua said, enemies against whom you fight.” 26 king of Eglon [“calf-like”], that goes to “Roll large stones against the mouth And afterward Joshua struck them and saying, 4 Beth Horon [“house of hollowness”], and of the cave, and set men by it to guard killed them, and hanged them on five “Come up to me and help me, struck them down as far as them. 19 And do not stay there your- [5] trees; and they were hanging on the that we may attack Gibeon, Azekah [“dug over”] and selves, but pursue your enemies, and trees until evening [according to law: for it has made peace with Joshua Makkedah [“place of shepherds”]. 11 attack their rear guard. Do not allow De 12:22-23]. 27 So it was at the time and with the children of Israel.” 5 And it happened, as they fled before them to enter their cities, for YHWH of the going down of the sun that Joshua Therefore the five [5] kings of the Israel and were on the descent of Beth your God has delivered them into commanded, and they took them down Amorites, Horon, that YHWH cast down large hail- your hand.” 20 from the trees, cast them into the cave the king of Jerusalem, stones from heaven on them as far as Then it happened, while Joshua and where they had been hidden, and laid the king of Hebron, Azekah, and they died. There were more the children of Israel made an end of large stones against the cave’s mouth, the king of Jarmuth, who died from the hailstones than the slaying them with a very great slaughter, which remain until this very day.

Home: www.GenesisHistory.org; Joshua ToC: page 34 Last modified: 3/22/2019 1:42 PM Highlighting Legend & Latest Notes 11 Joshua Takes Makkedah, etc. Eglon Summary: All the Southern Land to the Canaanites 28 ¶ On that day [before the hangings] 34 From Lachish Joshua passed to 40 So Joshua conquered all the land: in the east and in the west, Joshua took Eglon [“calf-like”], the mountain country and the Amorite, Makkedah [“place of shepherds”], and all Israel with him; and they en- the South and the Hittite, and struck it and its king with the edge camped against it and fought against it. the lowland and the Perizzite, of the sword. He utterly destroyed 35 They took it on that [same] day and the wilderness slopes, and the Jebusite in the mountains, and them –– all the people who were in it. struck it with the edge of the sword; all all their kings; the Hivite He let none remain. He also did to the the people who were in it he utterly he left none remaining, but below Hermon [“a sanctuary”] king of Makkedah as he had done to destroyed that day, according to all utterly destroyed all that breathed, as in the land of Mizpah the king of Jericho. that he had done to Lachish. YHWH God of Israel had commanded. [“watchtower”]. 4 41 And Joshua conquered them from So they went out, they and all their Libnah Hebron Kadesh Barnea [“holy desert”] as far as armies with them, as many people as 29 Then Joshua passed from Makkedah, 36 So Joshua went up from Eglon, Gaza [“strong”], and all the country of the sand that is on the seashore in and all Israel with him, to and all Israel with him, to Goshen [“drawing near”], even as far as multitude, with very many horses and Libnah [“pavement”]; Hebron [“association”]; Gibeon [“hill city”]. 42 chariots. 5 And when all these kings and they fought against Libnah. 30 And and they fought against it. 37 All these kings and their land Joshua had met together, they came and camped YHWH also delivered it and its king into And they took it and struck it took at one time, because YHWH God of together at the waters of Merom [“high the hand of Israel; he struck it and all with the edge of the sword –– Israel fought for Israel. 43 Then Joshua place”] to fight against Israel. 6 But the people who were in it with the edge its king, returned, and all Israel with him, to the YHWH said to Joshua, of the sword. He let none remain in it, all its [surrounding] cities, and camp at Gilgal. [in just a few days?] “Do not be afraid because of them, but did to its king as he had done to the all the people who were in it; for tomorrow about this time I will king of Jericho. he left none remaining, according to Joshua 11 deliver all of them slain before Israel. all that he had done to Eglon, but King Hazor Gathers Others: North You shall [cf. Ps 20:7] Lachish utterly destroyed it and all the people 11:1 ¶ And it came to pass [later], when hamstring their horses and ix 31 Then Joshua passed from Libnah, who were in it. Jabin [“whom God observes”] burn their chariots with fire.” 7 and all Israel with him, to king of Hazor [“castle”] So Joshua and all the people of war with Lachish [“invincible”]; Debir heard these things, that he sent to him came against them suddenly by and they encamped against it and 38 Then Joshua returned, Jobab [“a desert”] the waters of Merom, and they attacked fought against it. 32 And YHWH delivered and all Israel with him, to king of Madon [“strife”], them. 8 And YHWH delivered them into Lachish into the hand of Israel, who Debir [“sanctuary”]; to the king of Shimron the hand of Israel, who nd took it on the [2 ] second day [of that and they fought against it. 39 [“watch-height”], defeated them and conflict], and struck it and all the And he took it and to the king of Achshaph chased them people who were in it with the edge its king and [“I shall be bewitched”], 2 and to Greater Sidon [“hunting”], of the sword, according to all that he all its [surrounding] cities; to the kings who were from the north, to the Brook Misrephoth had done to Libnah. 33 Then Horam they struck them with the edge of the in the mountains, [“burnings of water”], and [“exalted”] king of Gezer [“portion”] sword and utterly destroyed all the in the plain south of Chinneroth to the Valley of Mizpah eastward; came up to help Lachish; and Joshua people who were in it. He left none [“harps”; early name for they attacked them until they left none struck him and his people, until he left remaining; as he had done to Hebron, the Sea of Galilee], of them remaining. 9 So Joshua did to him none remaining. so he did to Debir and its king, as he in the lowland, and them as YHWH had told him: he had done also to Libnah and its king. in the heights [bluffs?] of Dor hamstrung their horses and [“generation”] on the west, 3 burned their chariots with fire.

Home: www.GenesisHistory.org; Joshua ToC: page 34 Last modified: 3/22/2019 1:42 PM Highlighting Legend & Latest Notes 12 Baal Gad [“lord of fortune”] Joshua 12 [ Audio: Steve Gregg Jos 12-15] 10 ¶ Joshua turned back [south] at that in the Valley of Lebanon Summary of Eastern Kings of Lands Summary of Western Kings of Lands time and took Hazor, and struck its king [“whiteness”] 12:1 ¶ These are the kings of the land 7 ¶ And these are the kings of the with the sword; for Hazor was formerly below Mount Hermon. whom the children of Israel defeated, country that Joshua and the children the head of all those kingdoms. 11 And He captured all their kings, and struck and whose land they possessed of Israel conquered they struck all the people who were in them down and killed them. 18 Joshua on the other side of the Jordan on this side of the Jordan, it with the edge of the sword, utterly made war a long time with all those toward the rising of the sun, on the west, from destroying them. There was none left kings. 19 There was not a city that made from the River Arnon to Mount Hermon, Baal Gad breathing. Then he burned Hazor with peace with the children of Israel, except and all the eastern Jordan plain [map]: 2 in the Valley of Lebanon fire. 12 So all the cities of those kings, the Hivites, the inhabitants of Gibeon. One king was Sihon king of the as far as and all their kings, Joshua took and All the others they took in battle. 20 Amorites, who dwelt in Heshbon and Mount Halak and struck with the edge of the sword. He For it was of YHWH ruled half of Gilead, from Aroer, which the ascent to Seir, utterly destroyed them, as Moses the to harden their hearts, is on the bank of the River Arnon, from which Joshua gave to the tribes of Israel servant of YHWH had commanded. 13 that they should the middle of that river, even as far as as a possession But as for the cities that stood on their come against Israel in battle, the River Jabbok, which is the border according to their divisions [map], 8 mounds, Israel burned none of them, that He might utterly destroy them, and of the Ammonites, 3 and the eastern in the mountain country, except Hazor only, which Joshua burned. that they might receive no mercy, but Jordan plain from the Sea of Chinneroth in the lowlands, 14 And all the spoil of these cities and that He might destroy them, [Galilee] as far as the Sea of the Arabah in the Jordan plain, the livestock, the children of Israel as YHWH had commanded Moses. 21 (the Salt Sea), the road to Beth Jeshimoth in the slopes, took as booty for themselves; but they And at that time Joshua came and [“house of the desolation”], and south- in the wilderness, and struck every man with the edge of the cut off the Anakim [“long-necked”] ward below the slopes of Pisgah. 4 in the South –– sword until they had destroyed them, from the mountains: [ giants] The other king was Og king of the Hittites, and they left none breathing. from Hebron, Bashan and his territory, who was of the Amorites, from Debir, the remnant of the giants, who dwelt the Canaanites, Summary of Eastern Land Taken from Anab [“fruit”], at Ashtaroth [“star”] and the Perizzites, 15 ¶ As YHWH had commanded Moses from all the mountains of Judah, and at Edrei [“goodly pasture”], 5 the Hivites, and his servant, so Moses commanded from all the mountains of Israel; and reigned the Jebusites: 9 Joshua, and so Joshua did. He left Joshua utterly destroyed them with over Mount Hermon, nothing undone of all that YHWH had their cities. 22 None of the Anakim over Salcah [“migration”], the king of Jericho, one; commanded Moses. 16 Thus Joshua were left in the land of the children of over all Bashan [“fruitful”], as far the king of Ai, took all this land [map]: Israel; they remained only [see map] as the border of the Geshurites which is beside Bethel, one; 10 the mountain country, in Gaza [“the strong”], and the Maachathites, and the king of Jerusalem, one; all the South, in Gath [“winepress”], and over half of Gilead to the border the king of Hebron, one; 11 all the land of Goshen, in Ashdod [“powerful”]. 23 of Sihon king of Heshbon. 6 the king of Jarmuth, one; the lowland, and So Joshua took the whole land, These Moses the servant of YHWH the king of Lachish, one; 12 the Jordan plain –– according to all that YHWH had said to and the children of Israel had conquered; the king of Eglon, one; the mountains of Israel and Moses; and Joshua gave it as an inher- and Moses the servant of YHWH had the king of Gezer, one; 13 its lowlands, 17 itance to Israel according to their divi- given it as a possession to the king of Debir, one; from Mount Halak [“smooth”] sions by their tribes. the Reubenites, [continued on the next page…] and the ascent to Seir, [Repeated at 14:15b:] the Gadites, and even as far as Then the land rested from war. half the tribe of Manasseh [map].

Home: www.GenesisHistory.org; Joshua ToC: page 34 Last modified: 3/22/2019 1:42 PM Highlighting Legend & Latest Notes 13 [Yellow: not previously mentioned.] the Brook Misrephoth the Geshurites or the Maachathites, but the king of Geder [“wall”], one; 14 March 26 [“burnings of waters”], and the Geshurites and the Maachathites the king of Hormah [“devotion”], one; Joshua 13 all [the cities of] the Sidonians dwell among the Israelites until this day. the king of Arad [“a wild ass”], one; 15 Time to Divide the Land 2560AB –– them I will drive out from before the king of Libnah [“pavement”], one; 13:1 ¶ Now Joshua was old, advanced the children of Israel; only divide it No Land for Levi the king of Adullam in years [~90? cf. comment preceding by lot to Israel as an inheritance, 14 Only to the tribe of Levi he had given [“justice of the people”], one; 16 1:1, 23:1]. And YHWH said to him: as I have commanded you. no inheritance [land]; the sacrifices of the king of Makkedah [“place of “You are old, advanced in years, and YHWH God of Israel made by fire are shepherds”], one; there remains very much land yet to 7 ¶ Now therefore, divide this land as their inheritance, as He said to them. the king of Bethel [“God’s house”], be possessed. 2 an inheritance to the nine tribes and one; 17 This is the land that yet remains: half the tribe of Manasseh [9 ½].” Reuben’s Territory the king of Tappuah all the territory of the Philistines and 15 And Moses had given to the tribe of [“the apple city”], one; all that of the Geshurites, 3 from Summary of Eastern Lands the children of Reuben an inheritance the king of Hepher [“a well”], one; 18 Sihor [“dark”; shuld be Shihor], 8 With the other half tribe [of Manas- according to their families. 16 the king of Aphek [“enclosure”], one; which is east of Egypt, seh], the Reubenites and the Gadites Their territory was the king of Lasharon [“a plain”], one; 19 as far as the border of received their inheritance, which Moses from Aroer, which is on the bank of the king of Madon [“strife”], one; Ekron [“emigration”] northward had given them, beyond the Jordan the River Arnon, and the city that the king of Hazor [“castle”], one; 20 (which is counted as Canaanite); eastward, as Moses the servant of YHWH is in the midst of the ravine, and the king of Shimron Meron the five lords of the Philistines –– had given them [map]: 9 all the plain by Medeba; 17 [“watch-height of Meron”], one; the Gazites [i.e., from Gaza], from Aroer, which is on the bank of Heshbon and all its cities the king of Achshaph the Ashdodites, the River Arnon, and the town that are in the plain: [“I shall be bewitched”], one; 21 the Ashkelonites, that is in the midst of the ravine, Dibon [“wasting”], the king of Taanach [“sandy”], one; the Gittites [i.e., from Gath], and and all the plain of Medeba [Yellow: no prior mention in Jos.] the king of Megiddo the Ekronites; also as far as Dibon; 10 Bamoth Baal [“lord/great high place”], [“place of crowds”], one; 22 the Avites; 4 all the cities of Sihon king of the Beth Baal Meon [“house of lord M.”], 18 the king of Kedesh from the south, Amorites, who reigned in Hesh- Jahaza [“trodden down”], [“holy place”], one; all the land of the Canaanites, and bon, as far as the border of the Kedemoth [“eastern”], the king of Jokneam Mearah [“cave”] that belongs to the children of Ammon; 11 Mephaath [“splendor”/“height”], 19 [“the people lament”] in Carmel Sidonians as far as Gilead, and the border of the Kirjathaim [“two cities”], [“garden-land”], one; 23 Aphek [“enclosure”], Geshurites and Maachathites, Sibmah [“fragrance”], the king of Dor [“generation”] to the border of the Amorites; 5 all Mount Hermon, and Zereth Shahar [“splendor of the dawn”] in the heights of Dor, one; the land of the Gebalites, and all Bashan as far as Salcah; 12 on the mountain of the valley, 20 the king of the people of Gilgal all Lebanon, toward the sunrise, from all the kingdom of Og in Bashan, Beth Peor [“house of Peor”], [“a wheel, rolling”], one; 24 Baal Gad [“lord of fortune”] below who reigned in the slopes of Pisgah, and the king of Tirzah [“favorable”], one Mount Hermon [“a sanctuary”] Ashtaroth and Beth Jeshimoth as far as the entrance to Edrei, [“house of the desolation”] –– 21 –– all the kings, thirty-one [31]. Hamath [“fortress”]; 6 who remained of all the cities of the plain [of Moab] and all the inhabitants of the mountains the remnant of the giants; all the kingdom of Sihon king of the from for Moses had defeated and cast out Amorites, who reigned in Heshbon, Lebanon [“whiteness”] as far as these. 13 Nevertheless whom Moses had struck with the princes the children of Israel did not drive out of Midian:

Home: www.GenesisHistory.org; Joshua ToC: page 34 Last modified: 3/22/2019 1:42 PM Highlighting Legend & Latest Notes 14 Evi [“my desire”], border, as far as the edge of the Sea of Eleazar the priest, brethren who went up with me made Rekem [“variegation”], Chinnereth [“harps”; Galilee], on the Joshua the son of Nun, and the heart of the people melt, but I Zur [“rock”], other side of the Jordan eastward. 28 the heads of the fathers of the wholly followed YHWH my God. 9 So Hur [“hole”], and This was the inheritance of the children tribes of the children of Israel Moses swore on that day, saying, Reba [“four”], of Gad according to their families, distributed as an inheritance to them. 2 ‘Surely the land where your foot who were princes of Sihon dwelling in the cities and their villages. Their inheritance was by lot, as YHWH has trodden shall be your inher- the country. 22 The children of Israel had commanded by the hand of Moses, itance and your children’s forever, [had] also killed with the sword Balaam Manasseh’s Half Tribe’s Territory for the nine tribes and the half-tribe [9½]. because you have wholly followed the son of Beor, the soothsayer, 29 Moses also had given an inheritance 3 For Moses had given the inheritance YHWH my God.’ 10 among those who were killed by them. to half the tribe of Manasseh; it was of the two tribes and the half-tribe [2½] [Not previously recorded.] 23 And the border of the children of for half the tribe of the children of on the other side of the Jordan; but to And now, behold, YHWH has kept me Reuben was the bank of the Jordan. Manasseh according to their families: the Levites he had given no inheritance alive, as He said, these forty-five [45] This was the inheritance of the children 30 Their territory was from among them. 4 For the children of years, ever since YHWH spoke this word of Reuben according to their families, Mahanaim [“two camps”], Joseph were two tribes: to Moses while Israel wandered in the the cities and their villages. all Bashan [“fruitful”], Manasseh and Ephraim. wilderness; and now, here I am this day, all the kingdom of Og king of Bashan, And they gave no part to the Levites eighty-five [85] years old [in 2560 AB: Gad’s Territory and in the land, except cities to dwell in, v7; so Joshua was ~ 89; and this is the th 24 Moses also had given an inheritance all the towns of Jair [“he enlightens”] with their common-lands for their 7 year of the conquest, with Joshua to to the tribe of Gad, to the children of that are in Bashan, sixty [60] cities; 31 livestock and their property. 5 live another 21 years: 24:29]. 11 Gad according to their families. 25 half of Gilead, and As YHWH had commanded Moses, As yet I am as strong this day Their territory was Ashtaroth [“star”] and so the children of Israel did; as on the day that Moses sent me; [Yellow: no prior mention in Jos.] Edrei [“goodly pasture”], and they divided the land. just as my strength was then, Jazer [“helped”], and all the cities of cities of the kingdom of Og in Bashan, so now is my strength for war, Gilead [“rocky region”], and were for the children of Machir the son Caleb Requests His Own Land both for going out and for coming in. 12 half the land of the Ammonites as far as of Manasseh, for half of the children 6 ¶ Then the children of Judah came to Now therefore, give me this mountain Aroer [“ruins”], which is before of Machir according to their families. Joshua in Gilgal. And Caleb the son of which YHWH spoke in that day; for Rabbah [“great”], 26 and from of Jephunneh the Kenizzite [Edomites you heard in that day how the Anakim Heshbon [“stronghold”] to Eastern Land; None for Levi (due to intermarriage?): Ge 36:11e - were there, and that the cities were great Ramath Mizpah [“high place 32 These are the areas that Moses had Kenaz] said to him: and fortified. It may be that YHWH will of the watchtower”] and distributed as an inheritance in the plains “You know the word that YHWH said be with me, and I shall be able to drive Betonim [“pistachio nuts”], and from of Moab on the other side of the Jordan, to Moses the man of God concerning them out as YHWH said.” 13 Mahanaim [“two camps”] by Jericho eastward. 33 But to the tribe you and me in Kadesh Barnea. 7 I was And Joshua blessed him, and gave to the border of of Levi Moses had given no inheritance; forty [40] years old when Moses the Hebron to Caleb the son of Jephunneh Debir [“sanctuary”], 27 YHWH God of Israel was their inheritance, servant of YHWH sent me from Kadesh as an inheritance. 14 Hebron therefore and in the valley: as He had said to them. Barnea to spy out the land, became the inheritance of Caleb the son Beth Haram [“place of the height”], [in 2515 AB: Nu 10:11, 13:1ff, of Jephunneh the Kenizzite to this day, Beth Nimrah [“house of the leopard”], Joshua 14 20:22-29; De 2:14 following Nu because he wholly followed YHWH, God Succoth [“booths”], and Summary of Western Lands 33:17; Joshua was likely ~44 at of Israel. 15 And the name of Hebron Zaphon [“north”], 14:1 ¶ These are the areas that the chil- that time (note preceding 1:1)] [“association”] formerly was Kirjath the rest of the kingdom of Sihon king dren of Israel inherited in the land of and I brought back word to him as it [“city of”] Arba (Arba was the great- of Heshbon, with the Jordan as its Canaan, which was in my heart. 8 Nevertheless my est [biggest] man among the Anakim).

Home: www.GenesisHistory.org; Joshua ToC: page 34 Last modified: 3/22/2019 1:42 PM Highlighting Legend & Latest Notes 15 Conquest Done After the seven-year Conquest, 2554- [E] The east border was the Salt Sea the Valley of Rephaim [“giants”] x Then the land had rest from war. 2560 AB (1451-1445 BC) , they began to as far as the mouth of the Jordan. northward. 9 Then the border went [Cf. 11:23b  till the land in 2561 AB (1444 BC), begin- around from the top of the hill to Table of Jubilees ning the 49-year Sabbath/Jubilee cycles. [N] And the border on the northern the fountain of the water of Nephtoah Jubilee number (Jones, p.289) So the first Jubilee year would have quarter began at the bay of the [Salt] [“opening”], and extended to  Start year AB (after beginning) started late in the year on the Day of sea at the mouth of the Jordan. 6 The the cities of Mount Ephron [“fawn-like”].   Start year BC Atonement in 2610 AB (1395 BC): Lev 25. border went up to And the border went around to 1 2610 1395 The final Jubilee year began in late AD Beth Hoglah [“house of the partridge”] Baalah [“mistress”] (which is 2 2659 1346 26 and went through much of AD 27; and passed north of Kirjath Jearim [“city of forests”]). 10 3 2708 1297 Jesus read from Isaiah 61 after Pass- Beth Arabah [“house of the desert Then the border turned westward 4 2757 1248 over, AD 27: John 2:13.] valley (depression)”]; from Baalah to 5 2806 1199 and the border went up to Mount Seir [“hairy”/“shaggy”], 6 2855 1150 Joshua 15 the stone of Bohan [“thumb”] passed along to the side of 7 2904 1101 Judah’s Lot the son of Reuben. 7 Mount Jearim [“Mt. Forests”] on the 8 2953 1052 15:1 ¶ So this was the lot of the tribe of Then the border went up toward north (which is Chesalon [“hopes”]), 9 3002 1003 the children of Judah according to Debir [“sanctuary”] from went down to their families: The border of Edom at the Valley of Achor [“trouble”], Beth Shemesh [“house of the sun”, 10 3051 954 the Wilderness of Zin southward was and it turned northward toward hence “sun temple”], 11 3100 905 the extreme southern boundary. 2 Gilgal [“a wheel, rolling”], and passed on to 12 3149 856 which is before Timnah [“portion”]. 11 13 3198 807 [S] And their southern border began at the Ascent of Adummim And the border went out to the side of 14 3247 758 the shore of the Salt Sea, from the bay [“ruddy or quieted ones”], which Ekron [“emigration”] northward. 15 3296 709 that faces southward. 3 Then it went is on the south side of the valley. Then the border went around to 16 3345 660 out to the southern side of The border continued toward the Shicron [“drunkenness”], 17 3394 611 the Ascent of Akrabbim [“scorpions”], waters of passed along to 18 3443 562 passed along to En Shemesh [“fountain of the sun”] Mount Baalah, 19 3492 513 Zin [“flat”], and ended at and extended to 20 3541 464 ascended on the south side of En Rogel [“fountain of the fuller”]. 8 Jabneel [“God causes to build”]; 21 3590 415 Kadesh Barnea [“holy desert”], And the border went up by and the border ended at xi 22 3639 366 passed along to the Valley of the Son of Hinnom the [Great] Sea. 12 23 3688 317 Hezron [“surrounded by a wall”], [“lamentation”; NT: Ge Henna — 24 3737 268 went up to type of hell] [W] The west border was the coastline 25 3786 219 Adar [“exceeding glorious”], and to the southern slope of of the Great Sea [Mediterranean]. 26 3835 170 went around to the Jebusite city (which is Jerusalem). 27 3884 121 Karkaa [“floor”]. 4 [Later authors would not have This is the boundary of the children of 28 3933 72 From there it passed toward referred to Jerusalem this way, but Judah all around according to their 29 3982 23 Azmon [“strong”] and went out to the paren. must have come later.] families. 30 4031 -26 i.e., AD 26-27, the Brook of Egypt; and the border The border went up to the top of the year Jesus read from Isa 61:1-2a, ended at the [Mediterranean] Sea. the mountain that lies before “the acceptable year of YHWH” and This shall be your southern border. 5 the Valley of Hinnom westward, “liberty to the captives”: Lu 4:16-21. which is at the end of [Next two columns parallel:]

Home: www.GenesisHistory.org; Joshua ToC: page 34 Last modified: 3/22/2019 1:42 PM Highlighting Legend & Latest Notes 16 [Almost verbatim starting 8 lines be- Judges 1:9-15 Eltolad [“generations of God”], low with the parallel to the right:] And afterward the children of Judah March 27 Chesil [“foolish”], went down to fight against the Ca- Joshua 15:20 Hormah [“devotion”], 31 Part of Judah for Caleb naanites who dwelt in the mountains, Judah’s Inheritance Ziklag [“winding”], 13 ¶ Now to Caleb the son of Jephunneh in the South, and in the lowland. 10 20 ¶ This was the inheritance of the tribe Madmannah [“dunghill”], he gave a share among the children of Then Judah went against the Ca- of the children of Judah according to Sansannah [“palm branch”], 32 Judah, according to the commandment naanites who dwelt in Hebron. (Now their families: 21 Lebaoth [“witness”], of YHWH to Joshua, namely, the name of The cities at the limits of the tribe of Shilhim [“fountains”], Kirjath Arba, which is Hebron Hebron was formerly Kirjath Arba.) the children of Judah, toward the Ain [“spring”], and (Arba was the father of Anak). 14 border of Edom in the South, were Rimmon [“pomegranate”]: Caleb drove out the three [3] sons And they killed Kabzeel [“God gathers”], all the cities are twenty-nine [29], of Anak from there: Sheshai, Sheshai, Eder [“a flock”], with their villages. 33 Ahiman, and Talmai, the children Ahiman, and Talmai. Jagur [“he sojourns”], 22 of Anak. 15 Then he went up from 11 From there they went Kinah [“lamentation”], In the lowland: there to the inhabitants of against the inhabitants of Dimonah [“river bed”/“silence”], Eshtaol [“entreaty”], Debir (formerly the name of Debir Debir. (The name of Debir was Adadah [“festival”/“boundary”], 23 Zorah [“hornet”], was Kirjath Sepher). 16 formerly Kirjath Sepher.) 12 Kedesh [“holy place”], Ashnah [“I will cause change”], 34 And Caleb said, Then Caleb said, Hazor [“castle”], Zanoah [“cast off”], “He who attacks Kirjath Sepher and “Whoever attacks Kirjath Sepher and Ithnan [“hire”], 24 En Gannim [“fount of the garden”], takes it, to him I will give Achsah takes it, to him I will give _____ Ziph [“battlement”], Tappuah [“the apple tree”], [“ankle chain” or “anklet”] Telem [“oppression”], Enam [“double spring”], 35 my daughter ______as wife.” 17 my daughter Achsah as wife.” 13 Bealoth [“mistresses”], 25 Jarmuth [“heights”], So Othniel [“God’s lion”] the son And Othniel [“God’s lion”] the son Hazor [“castle”], Adullam [“justice of the people”], of Kenaz [“hunter”], the _ brother of of Kenaz [“hunter”], Caleb’s younger Hadattah [“new”], Socoh [“bushy”], Caleb [so her uncle], took it; and he brother [so her uncle], took it; so he [or Hazor Hadattah: “new castle”] Azekah [“dug over”], 36 gave him Achsah his daughter as wife. gave him his daughter Achsah as wife. Kerioth [“cities”], Sharaim [“double gate”], 18 Now it was so , when she came 14 Now it happened, when she came Hezron [“surrounded by a wall”] Adithaim [“double ornament”], to him, that she persuaded him to ask to him, that she urged him to ask (which is Hazor [“castle”]), 26 Gederah [“wall”], and her father for a field. So she her father for a field. And she Amam [“their mother”], Gederothaim [“two walls”]: dismounted from her donkey, dismounted from her donkey, Shema [“hear”], fourteen [14] cities with their villages; 37 and Caleb said to her, and Caleb said to her, Moladah [“birth”/“race”], 27 “What do you wish?” 19 “What do you wish?” 15 Hazar Gaddah Zenan [“pointed”], She answered, So she said to him, [“village of good fortune”], Hadashah [“new”], “Give me a blessing; “Give me a blessing; Heshmon [“rich soil”], Migdal Gad [“Gad tower”], 38 since you have given me land in the since you have given me land in the Beth Pelet [“house/place of escape”], 28 Dilean [“gourd”], South, give me also springs of water.” South, give me also springs of water.” Hazar Shual [“jackal village”], Mizpah [“watchtower”], So he gave her the upper springs And Caleb gave her the upper springs Beersheba [“well of the (7-fold) oath”], Joktheel [“God’s blessedness”], 39 and the lower springs. [Significance?] and the lower springs. [Significance?] Bizjothjah [“YHWH’s contempt”], 29 Lachish [“invincible”], 20 And they gave Hebron to Caleb, Baalah [“mistress”], Bozkath [“rocky height”], [So Judges effectively reports Joshua as Moses had said. Then he expelled Ijim [“ruins”], Eglon [“calf-like”], 40 as the first of the judges.] from there the three [3] sons of Anak. Ezem [“bone”], 30 Cabbon [“the builder”],

Home: www.GenesisHistory.org; Joshua ToC: page 34 Last modified: 3/22/2019 1:42 PM Highlighting Legend & Latest Notes 17 Lahmas [“provisions”], Holon [“sandy”], and In the wilderness: So the children of Joseph, Kithlish [“man’s wall”], 41 Giloh [“exile”]: Beth Arabah [“house of the desert Manasseh and Gederoth [“walls”], eleven [11] cities with their villages; 52 valley or depression”], Ephraim, Beth Dagon [“Dagon’s house”], Middin [“measures”], took their inheritance. Naamah [“loveliness”], and Arab [“ambush”], Secacah [“thicket”], 62 Makkedah [“place of shephards”]: Dumah [“silence”], Nibshan [“soft soil”], Ephraim’s Lot 5 ¶ The border of the children of sixteen [16] cities with their villages; 42 Eshean [“support”], 53 the City of Salt, and Janum [“asleep”], En Gedi [“fountain of the kid”]: Ephraim, according to their families, was thus: The border of their Libnah [“pavement”], Beth Tappuah [“house of the apple”], six [6] cities with their villages. 63 inheritance on the east side was Ether [“abundant”], Aphekah [“enclosure”], 54 Ashan [“smoke”], 43 Humtah [“place of lizards”], As for the Jebusites, the inhabitants Ataroth Addar [“crowns of glory”] Jiphtah [“he opens”], Kirjath Arba [“city of Arba”] of Jerusalem, the children of Judah as far as Ashnah [“I will cause change”], (which is Hebron [“assoc’n”]), and could not drive them out; but the Upper Beth Horon. 6 Nezib [“garrison”/“pillar”], 44 Zior [“smallness”]: Jebusites dwell with the children of And the border went out toward the [Salt] Sea on the north side of Keilah [“fortress”], nine [9] cities with their villages; 55 Judah at Jerusalem to this day. Michmethath [“hiding place”]; Achzib [“deceit”], and Judges 1:21 [~20 years later] then the border went around Mareshah [“crest of a hill”]: Maon [“habitation”], 21 ¶ But the children of Benjamin eastward to nine [9] cities with their villages; 45 Carmel [“garden-land”], did not drive out the Jebusites who Taanath Shiloh Ziph [“battlement”], inhabited Jerusalem; so the Jebusites [“approach to Shiloh”], Ekron [“emigration”], Juttah [“stretched out”], 56 dwell with the children of Benjamin and passed by it on the east of with its towns and villages; 46 Jezreel [“God sows”], in Jerusalem to this day. Janohah [“He rests”]. 7 from Ekron to the sea, all that lay Jokdeam [“burning of a people”], Then it went down from Janohah to near Ashdod, with their villages; 47 Zanoah [“cast off”], 57 Joshua 16 [Audio: S. G. Jos 16-22] Ashdod [“powerful”] Kain [“possession”], Joseph’s Lot Ataroth [“crown(s)”] and with its towns and villages, Gibeah [“hill”], and 16:1 ¶ The lot fell to the children of Naarah [“maiden”/Naaran: 1Ch 7:28], Gaza [“the strong”] Timnah [“portion”]: Joseph from the Jordan, by Jericho, to reached to Jericho [“its moon”], with its towns and villages –– ten [10] cities with their villages; 58 the waters of Jericho on the east, to as far as the wilderness that goes up from and came out at the Brook of Egypt and Halhul [“trembling”], Jericho through the mountains to the Jordan [“descender”]. 8 the Great Sea with its coastline. 48 Beth Zur [“house of the rock”], Bethel [“God’s house”], 2 The border went out from Tappuah [“the apple city”] Gedor [“wall”], 59 then went out from Bethel to And in the mountain country: Maarath [“bareness”], Luz [“almond tree”], westward to Shamir [“a point”/“thorn”], Beth Anoth [“house of responses passed along to the border of the Brook Kanah [“reed”], Jattir [“plenty”], or afflictions”], and the Archites at Ataroth [“crown(s)”], 3 and it ended at Sochoh [“bushy”], 49 Eltekon [“straight is God”]: and went down westward to the [Great] Sea. This was the inheritance of the tribe of Dannah [“judgement”], six [6] cities with their villages; 60 the boundary of Kirjath Sannah [“city of the book”] the Japhletites [“let him escape”], the children of Ephraim according to (which is Debir [“sanctuary”]), 50 Kirjath Baal [“city of Baal (lord)”] as far as the boundary of their families. 9 The separate cities for Anab [“fruit”], (which is Kirjath Jearim Lower Beth Horon the children of Ephraim were among the Eshtemoh [“I will make myself heard”], [“city of forests”]) and [“house of hollowness”] to inheritance of the children of Manas- Anim [“fountains”], 51 Rabbah [“great”]: Gezer [“portion”]; seh, all the cities with their villages. 10 Goshen [“drawning near”], two [2] cities with their villages. 61 and it ended at the [Great] Sea. 4 And they did not drive out the Canaan- Home: www.GenesisHistory.org; Joshua ToC: page 34 Last modified: 3/22/2019 1:42 PM Highlighting Legend & Latest Notes 18 ites who dwelt in Gezer; but the Canaan- Numbers 26:30-33 abbreviated: En Tappuah that they put the Canaanites to forced ites dwell among the Ephraimites to this 30 These are the sons of Gilead: [“fountain of the apple city”]. 8 labor, but did not utterly drive them out. day and have become forced laborers. Jeezer, … Manasseh had the land of Tap- [Cf. 1Ch 7:29; presumably due to un- Helek, 31 puah, but Tappuah on the border of belief, as Jesus did not (Mt 13:58 || Joshua 17 Asriel, … Manasseh belonged to the children Mk 6:5) or could not…do mighty works Manasseh’s Lot for Machir Shechem, … 32 of Ephraim. 9 there…because of their unbelief.] 17:1 ¶ There was also a lot for the tribe Shemida, … And the border descended to of Manasseh, for he was the firstborn Hepher, … 33 … the Brook Kanah [“reed”], More Land for Joseph of Joseph: namely for Machir the first- Zelophehad … had no southward to the brook. 14 ¶ Then the children of Joseph spoke born of Manasseh, the father of Gilead, sons, but daughters … These cities of Ephraim are to Joshua, saying, because he was a man of war; therefore Mahlah, [cf. Nu 27:1] among the cities of Manasseh. “Why have you given us only one lot he was given Noah, The border of Manasseh was on and one share to inherit, since we are Gilead [“rocky region”] and Hoglah, the north side of the brook; and a great people, inasmuch as YHWH has Bashan [“fruitful”]. 2 Milcah, and it ended at the [Great] Sea. 10 blessed us until now?” 15 And there was a lot for the rest of the Tirzah. Southward it was Ephraim’s, So Joshua answered them, children of Manasseh according to northward it was Manasseh’s, and “If you are a great people, then go up their families: for [the sons of Gilead] And they came near before Eleazar the Sea was its border. to the forest country and clear a place the children of Abiezer [“help is my the priest, before Joshua the son of Manasseh’s territory was adjoining for yourself there in the land of the father”; = Jeezer: see box to right], Nun, and before the rulers, saying, Asher on the north and Issachar Perizzites and the giants, since the the children of Helek [“portion”], “YHWH commanded Moses to give us on the east. 11 And in Issachar mountains of Ephraim are too confined the children of Asriel an inheritance among our brothers.” and in Asher, Manasseh had for you.” 16 [“God’s prince I shall be”], Therefore, according to the command- Beth Shean [“house of ease”] But the children of Joseph said, the children of Shechem ment of YHWH, he gave them an inher- and its towns, “The mountain country is not enough [“back”/“shoulder”], itance among their father’s brothers. 5 Ibleam [“devouring the people”] for us; and all the Canaanites who dwell the children of Hepher [“a well”], and Ten [10] shares [of the land (inheritance)] and its towns, in the land of the valley have chariots the children of Shemida [“wise”]; fell to Manasseh, besides the land of the inhabitants of Dor [“generation”] of iron, both those who are of Beth these were the male children of Gilead and Bashan, which were on the and its towns, Shean and its towns and those who Manasseh the son of Joseph other side of the Jordan, 6 because the the inhabitants of En Dor are of the Valley of Jezreel.” 17 according to their families. 3 But daughters of Manasseh received an in- [“fountain of generations”] And Joshua spoke Zelophehad [“first-born”] heritance among his sons [2 shares per and its towns, to the house of Joseph –– the son of Hepher, daughter & husband]; and the rest of the inhabitants of Taanach [“sandy”] to Ephraim and the son of Gilead, Manasseh’s sons had the land of Gilead. and its towns, and Manasseh –– the son of Machir, the inhabitants of Megiddo saying, the son of Manasseh, Manasseh’s Terrritory [“place of crowds”] “You are a great people and have great had no sons, but only daughters. And 7 ¶ And the territory of Manasseh was and its towns power; you shall not have only one lot, these are the names of his [5] daughters: from Asher [“happy”] to –– three [3] hilly regions. 12 18 but the mountain country shall be Mahlah [“disease”], Michmethath [“hiding place”], Yet the children of Manasseh could not yours. Although it is wooded, you Noah [“motion”], that lies east of drive out the inhabitants of those cities, shall cut it down, and its farthest extent Hoglah [“partridge”], Shechem [“back”/“shoulder”]; but the Canaanites were determined to shall be yours; for you shall drive out Milcah [“queen”], and and the border went along south to dwell in that land. 13 And it happened, the Canaanites, though they have iron Tirzah [“favorable”]. 4 the inhabitants of when the children of Israel grew strong, chariots and are strong.”

Home: www.GenesisHistory.org; Joshua ToC: page 34 Last modified: 3/22/2019 1:42 PM Highlighting Legend & Latest Notes 19 Then the men arose to go away; and Luz [“almond tree”], the Ascent of Adummim March 28 Joshua charged those who went to to the side of Luz [“ruddy ones/quieted ones”], Joshua 18 survey the land, saying, (which is Bethel [“God’s house”]) and descended to Tabernacle at Shiloh “Go, southward; and the stone of Bohan [“thumb”] the son 18:1 ¶ Now the whole congregation of walk through the land, the border descended to of Reuben. 18 Then it passed along the children of Israel assembled together survey it, and Ataroth Addar [“crowns of glory”], toward the north side of at Shiloh [“place of rest”], and set up come back to me, [reason:] near the hill that lies Arabah [“desert plain”; or Beth the tabernacle of meeting there. that I may cast lots for you here on the south side of Arabah: 15:6, 18:22], and went [Why? Did YHWH chose that place?] before YHWH in Shiloh.” 9 Lower Beth Horon down to Arabah. 19 And the border And the land was subdued before them. So the men [“house of hollowness”]. 14 passed along to the north side of went, Beth Hoglah [“house/place of the Seven [7] More Tribes Need Land passed through the land, and [W] Then the border extended partridge”]; then the border ended 2 ¶ But there remained among the chil- wrote the survey in a book around the west side to the south, at the north bay at the Salt Sea, dren of Israel seven [7] tribes that had in seven [7] parts by cities; from the hill that lies before at the south end of the Jordan. not yet received their inheritance. 3 and they Beth Horon southward; and it ended at This was the southern boundary. 20 Then Joshua said to the children of came to Joshua at the camp in Shiloh. Kirjath Baal [“city of Lord”] Israel: 10 Then Joshua cast lots for them in (which is Kirjath Jearim), [E] The Jordan [“descender”] “How long will you neglect to go and Shiloh before YHWH, and there Joshua a city of the children of Judah. was its border on the east side. possess the land that YHWH God of divided the land to the children of This was the west side. 15 This was the inheritance your fathers has given you? 4 Pick Israel according to their divisions. of the children of Benjamin, out from among you three [3] men for [S] The south side began at the end of according to its boundaries all around, each tribe [21 total], and I will send 1a. Benjamin’s Lot Kirjath Jearim [“city of forests”], and according to their families. 21 them; they shall rise and go through 11 ¶ Now the lot of the tribe the border extended on the west the land, survey it according to their of the children of Benjamin came up and went out to 1b. Benjamin’s Cities inheritance, and come back to me. 5 according to their families, the spring of the waters of Now the cities of the tribe And they shall divide it into seven [7] and the territory of their lot came out Nephtoah [“opening”]. 16 of the children of Benjamin, parts. Judah shall remain in their between Then the border came down to the according to their families, were territory on the south, and the house the children of Judah and end of the mountain that lies before Jericho [“it moon”], xi of Joseph shall remain in their terri- the children of Joseph. 12 the Valley of the Son of Hinnom Beth Hoglah [“house of partridge”], tory on the north. 6 You shall there- [“lamentation”], which is in the Emek [“valley”] Keziz [“cut off”], 22 fore survey the land in seven [7] parts [N] Their border on the north side Valley of the Rephaim [“giants”] Beth Arabah [“house of desert plain”], and bring the survey here to me, that began at the Jordan [“descender”], on the north, descended to Zemaraim [“double fleece of wool”], I may cast lots for you here before and the border went up to the side of the Valley of Hinnom, to the side of Bethel [“God’s house”], 23 YHWH our God. 7 But the Levites Jericho [“its moon”] on the north, and the Jebusite city [Jeru’m: 15:63; 18:28] Avim [“ruins”], have no part among you, for the went up through the mountains on the south, and descended to Parah [“heifer-town”], priesthood of YHWH is their inher- westward; En Rogel [“fount of the fuller”]. 17 Ophrah [“fawn”], 24 itance. And Gad, Reuben, and half it ended at And it went around from the north, Chephar Haammoni the tribe of Manasseh have received the Wilderness of Beth Aven went out to [“village of the Ammonites”], their inheritance beyond the Jordan [“house of vanity”]. 13 The border En Shemesh [“fountain of the sun”], Ophni [“mouldy”], and on the east, which Moses the servant went over from there toward and extended toward Gaba [“hill”]: of YHWH gave them.” 8 Geliloth [“circuits”], which is before twelve [12] cities with their villages; 25

Home: www.GenesisHistory.org; Joshua ToC: page 34 Last modified: 3/22/2019 1:42 PM Highlighting Legend & Latest Notes 20 Gibeon [“hill city”], Beth Marcaboth Jokneam [“the people lament”]. 12 according to their families. 18 Ramah [“hill”], [“house of the chariots”], Then from Sarid it went eastward And their territory went to Beeroth [“wells”], 26 Hazar Susah [“horse village”], 6 toward the sunrise along the border Jezreel [“God sows”], Mizpah [“watchtower”], Beth Lebaoth [“house of lionesses”], of and included Chephirah [“lioness”], and Chisloth Tabor Chesulloth [“flanks”], Mozah [“fountain”], 27 Sharuhen [“refuge of grace”]: [“flanks of (Mount) Tabor”], Shunem [“double resting place”], 19 Rekem [“variegation”], thirteen [13] cities and their villages; 7 and went out toward Haphraim [“two pits”], Irpeel [“God will heal”], Ain [“spring”], Daberath [“word”], Shion [“ruin”], Taralah [“reeling”], 28 Rimmon [“pomegranate”], bypassing Anaharath [“the groaning of fear”], 20 Zelah [“a rib”], Ether [“abundant”], and Japhia [“shining”]. 13 Rabbith [“multitude”], Eleph [“thousand”], Ashan [“smoke”]: And from there it passed along on Kishion [“hard”], Jebus [“trodden”; third son of four [4] cities and their villages; 8 and the east of Abez [“I will make white/miry”], 21 Cannan? Ge 10:16] (which is all the villages that were all around Gath Hepher [“the winepress of Remeth [“height”; = Ramoth?], Jerusalem [“teaching of peace”]), these cities as far as digging”], toward En Gannim [“fount of the garden”], Gibeath [“hill”], and Baalath Beer [“mistress of the well”], Eth Kazin [“time of the judge”], En Haddah [“swift fountain”], and Kirjath [-Jearim“city of forests”]: Ramah [“hill”] of the South. and extended to Beth Pazzez [“house of dispersion”]. 22 fourteen [14] cities with their villages. This was the inheritance of the tribe Rimmon [“pomegranate”], And the border reached to This was the inheritance of the children of Simeon which borders on Tabor [“mound”], of the children of Benjamin according to their families. 9 Neah [“shaking”]. 14 Shahazimah [“toward the heights”], according to their families. The inheritance of the children of Then the border went around it and Simeon was included in on the north side of Beth Shemesh [“house of the sun”]; Joshua 19 the share of the children of Judah, Hannathon [“gracious”], their border ended at the Jordan: 2. Simeon’s Lot (Inside Judah) for the share of the children of Judah and it ended in sixteen [16] cities with their villages. 23 19:1 ¶ The second lot came out was too much for them. Therefore the Valley of Jiphthah El This was the inheritance of the tribe for Simeon, the children of Simeon had [“God opens”]. 15 of the children of Issachar for the tribe of the children of Simeon their inheritance according to their families, according to their families. within the inheritance of that people. 3b. Zebulun’s Cities the cities and their villages. And their inheritance was within the Included were inheritance of the children of Judah. 2 3a. Zebulun’s Lot Kattath [“small”], 5. Asher’s Lot (by Cities) They had in their inheritance 10 ¶ The third lot came out Nahallal [“pasture”], 24 ¶ The fifth lot came out Beersheba [“well of the 7-fold oath”] for the children of Zebulun Shimron [“watch-height”], for the tribe of the children of Asher (Sheba [“seven”]), according to their families, Idalah [“memorial of God”], and according to their families. 25 Moladah [“birth”/“race”], 3 and the border of their inheritance Bethlehem [“house of bread”]: And their territory included Hazar Shual [“jackal village”], was as far as twelve [12] cities with their villages. 16 Helkath [“smooth”], Balah [“waxed old”], Sarid [“survivor”]. 11 This was the inheritance Hali [“necklace”], Ezem [“bone”], 4 Their border went toward the west of the children of Zebulun Beten [“womb”], Eltolad [“generations of God”], and to according to their families, Achshaph [“I shall be bewitched”], 26 Bethul [“God destroys”/“man of Maralah [“trembling”], went to these cities with their villages. Alammelech [“the king’s oak”], God”/“dweller in God”], Dabbasheth [“a hill-place”], Amad [“enduring”], and Hormah [“devotion”], 5 and extended along the brook that 4. Issachar’s Lot (by Cities) Mishal [“entreaty”]; Ziklag [“winding”], is east of 17 ¶ The fourth lot came out to Issachar, it reached to for the children of Issachar Home: www.GenesisHistory.org; Joshua ToC: page 34 Last modified: 3/22/2019 1:42 PM Highlighting Legend & Latest Notes 21 Mount Carmel [“garden-land”] 6a. Naphtali’s Lot Migdal El [“God’s tower”], Leshem [“precious stone”; a city west westward, along 32 ¶ The sixth lot came out Horem [“sacred”], of Mount Hermon, also called the Brook Shihor Libnath to the children of Naphtali, Beth Anath [“house of replies”], and ‘Laish’ (“lion”)] [“blackness of whiteness”]. 27 for the children of Naphtali Beth Shemesh [“house of the sun”]: and took it; and they struck it with It turned toward the sunrise to according to their families. 33 nineteen [19] cities with their villages. 39 the edge of the sword, took posses- Beth Dagon [“Dagon’s house”; And their border began at This was the inheritance of the tribe sion of it, and dwelt in it. They called a Philistine fish-god temple]; Heleph [“exchange”], of the children of Naphtali Leshem, Dan, after the name of Dan and it reached to enclosing the territory according to their families, their father. [cf. Judges 17-18 re Zebulun and to from the terebinth tree in the cities and their villages. Micah and the 600 Danites, which the Valley of Jiphthah El Zaanannim [“removings”], detail that conquest, so that story [“God opens”], Adami [“earthy”] 7. Dan’s Lot (by Cities) comes after the next verse.] 48 then northward beyond Nekeb [“cavern/dell”], and 40 ¶ The seventh lot came out This is the inheritance of the tribe Beth Emek [“house of the valley”] Jabneel [“God causes to build”], for the tribe of the children of Dan of the children of Dan and as far as according to their families. 41 And according to their families, Neiel [“God-moved”], Lakkum [“fortification”]; the territory of their inheritance these cities with their villages. bypassing it ended at the Jordan. 34 From was Cabul [“binding”] Heleph [“exchange”] Zorah [“hornet”], Judges 1:34-36 [preview] which was on the left, 28 including the border extended westward to Eshtaol [“entreaty;” Samson’s burial And the Amorites forced the children Ebron [“alliance” = Hebron], Aznoth Tabor place: Judges 16:31]], of Dan into the mountains, for they Rehob [“broad place”], [“peaks of (Mount) Tabor”], Ir Shemesh [“city of the sun (god)”], 42 would not allow them to come down Hammon [“warm springs”], and and went out from there toward Shaalabbin [“place of foxes”], to the valley; 35 and the Amorites Kanah [“reed”], Hukkok [“appointed”]. Aijalon [“field of deer”], were determined to dwell in as far as It adjoined Zebulun on the south side Jethlah [“he hangs”], 43 Mount Heres [Mount “the sun”], in Greater Sidon [“hunting”]. 29 and Asher on the west side, and Elon [“terebinth, mighty”], Aijalon [“field of deer”], and in And the border turned to ended at Judah by the Jordan Timnah [“portion”], Shaalbim [“place of foxes”]; Ramah [“hill”] toward the sunrise. Ekron [“emigration”], 44 yet when the strength of the house and to the fortified city of Eltekeh [“let God spew you out”], of Joseph became greater, they were Tyre [“a rock”]; 6b. Naphtali’s Cities Gibbethon [“mound”], put under tribute. 36 then the border turned to 35 And the fortified cities are Baalath [“mistress”], 45 [But first, the Danites took Laish in Hosah [“refuge”], Ziddim [“the declivities/sides”], Jehud [“beauty”], the far north: Judges 18:27-31 and ended at the Sea by the region of Zer [“flint”], Bene Berak [“sons of lighting”], next.]

Achzib [“deceit”]. 30 Also Hammath [“hot spring”], Gath Rimmon [“winepress of the Now the boundary of the Amorites Ummah [“union”], Rakkath [“shore”], pomegranate”], 46 was from Aphek [“enclosure”], and Chinnereth [“harps” (Galilee)], 36 Me Jarkon [“waters of yellowness”], Rehob [“broad place”] were included: Adamah [“soil”], and the Ascent of Akrabbim twenty-two [22] cities Ramah [“hill”], Rakkon [“the temple”], [“scorpions”], from Sela [“crag (or cliff or rock)”], with their villages. 31 Hazor [“castle”], 37 with the region near Joppa. 47 This was the inheritance of the tribe Kedesh [“holy place”], And the border of the children of Dan and upward. of the children of Asher Edrei [“goodly pasture”], went beyond these, because the according to their families, En Hazor [“fountain of the castle”], 38 children of Dan went up to fight these cities with their villages. Iron [“fearing”], against

Home: www.GenesisHistory.org; Joshua ToC: page 34 Last modified: 3/22/2019 1:42 PM Highlighting Legend & Latest Notes 22 [200] shekels of silver4 and gave them Micah said to him, So they went to the mountains of Ephra- March 29 to the silversmith, and he made it into “Dwell with me, and be a father and a im [Isralite, rather than Canaanite, [The events in this story must well a carved image and priest to me, and I will give you ten land], to the house of Micah, and lodged 5 precede Samson: compare Judges a molded image; and [10] shekels of silver per year, a suit there. 3 While they were at the house 13:25 with 18:12 and see 18:30). they were in the house of Micah. 5 The of clothes, and your sustenance.” of Micah, they recognized the voice It elaborates Josusha 19:47 above.] man Micah had a shrine, and made [Room, board, clothing, and [probably meaning the accent] of the an ephod and 1/90th of the 1100 – 200 shekels young Levite. They turned aside and [Audio: Steve Gregg Ju 17-18] household idols; Micah had left, presumably.] said to him, Judges 17 and he consecrated one of his sons, who So the Levite went in. 11 Then the Levite “Who brought you here? Story of Micah became his priest. 6 In those days there was content to dwell with the man; and What are you doing in this place? 17:1 ¶ Now there was a man from the was no king in Israel [apparently not the young man became like one of his What do you have here?” 4 mountains of Ephraim, whose name even God: cf. Judges 8:23; cf. Judges sons to him. 12 So Micah consecrated He said to them, was Micah [“who is like YHWH”]. 2 21:25]; everyone did what was right in the Levite, and the young man became “Thus and so Micah did for me. And he said to his mother, his own eyes. [This, on the heels of a his priest, and lived in the house of He has hired me, and “The eleven hundred [1100] shekels report that a mother had dedicated Micah. 13 Then Micah said, I have become his priest.” 5 3 of silver that were taken from you, money “to YHWH for my son, to make a “Now I know that YHWH will be good So they said to him, and on which you put a curse, even carved image”, in violation of the 2nd to me, since I have a Levite as priest!” “Please inquire of God, that we may saying it in my ears –– here is the Commandment (Ex 20:4), suggests that know whether the journey on which silver with me; I took it.” the Law had already been forgotten; Judges 18 we go will be prosperous.” 6 And his mother said, cf. De 12:8; Judg 18:1; Pr 12:15, 21:2]. Five Danites Visit Micah, His Priest And the priest said to them, “May you be blessed by YHWH, 18:1 ¶ In those days there was no king “Go in peace. The presence of YHWH my son!” 3 Micah Invites a Levite as His Priest in Israel [cf. 17:6]. And in those days be with you on your way.” So when he had returned the eleven 7 ¶ Now there was a young man the tribe of the Danites was [still] seek- hundred [1100] shekels of silver to his from Bethlehem in Judah, ing an inheritance for itself to dwell in; The Spies Return With Their Report mother, his mother said, of the family of Judah; for until that day their inheritance 7 ¶ So the five [5] men departed and “I had wholly dedicated the silver he was a Levite, and was staying there. among the tribes of Israel had not fallen went to Laish [“lion”, well north of from my hand 8 The man departed from the city of to them. [Were they slothful, waiting Ephraim]. They saw the people who to YHWH Bethlehem in Judah to stay wherever for it to fall in their hands, rather than were there, how they dwelt safely, in for my son, he could find a place. Then he came fighting for it? cf. Jos 19:47] 2 So the the manner of the Sidonians, quiet and to make to the mountains of Ephraim, to the children of Dan sent five [5] men of secure. There were no rulers in the a carved image and house of Micah, as he journeyed. 9 their family from their territory, men of land who might put them to shame for a molded image; And Micah said to him, valor from Zorah and Eshtaol [Jos 19:41; anything. They were far from the now therefore, I will return it [the “Where do you come from?” Samson’s burial place: Judges 16:31], Sidonians [sounds like they were a image] to you.” 4 So he said to him, to spy out the land and search it. They Sidonian colony; Sidon was north- Thus he returned the silver to his mother. “I am a Levite from Bethlehem in Judah, said to them, west, and Tyre due west], and they Then his mother took two hundred and I am on my way to find a place “Go, search the land.” had no ties with anyone. to stay.” 10

34 3 A silver shekel may have been ~1/60th of 34 a pound, so 16/60 x ~$10.80 = $2.88, so 4 200 shekels =~ $576, in 2008 dollars, 34 1100 shekels =~ $3168, in 2008. and ~= 3.3 pounds of silver. 5 10 shekels =~ $28.80, in 2008 dollars. Home: www.GenesisHistory.org; Joshua ToC: page 34 Last modified: 3/22/2019 1:42 PM Highlighting Legend & Latest Notes 23 8 Then the spies came back to their So they turned aside there, and came and took his place among the people [of with the edge of the sword and burned brethren at Zorah and Eshtaol, and to the house of the young Levite man Dan]. 21 Then they turned and departed, the city with fire. 28 There was no their brethren said to them, –– to the house of Micah –– and and put deliverer, because it was far from Sidon “What is your report?” 9 greeted him. 16 The six hundred [600] the little ones, [sounds again like they were a Sidonian So they said, men armed with their weapons of war, the livestock, and colony], and they had no ties with “Arise, let us go up against them. For who were of the children of Dan, the goods anyone [locally]. It was in the valley we have seen the land, and indeed it stood by the entrance of the gate. 17 in front of them. 22 When they were that belongs to Beth Rehob [“house of is very good. Would you do nothing? Then the five [5] men who had gone a good way from the house of Micah, the street” on the road to Hamath]. Do not hesitate to go, and enter to to spy out the land went up. the men who were in the houses near So they rebuilt the city and dwelt there. possess the land. 10 When you go, Entering there, they took Micah’s house gathered together [with 29 And they called the name of the city you will come to a secure people and the carved image, Micah] and overtook the children of Dan. Dan, after the name of Dan their father, a large land. For God has given it into the ephod, 23 And they called out to the children who was born to Israel. However, the your hands, a place where there is no the household idols, and of Dan. So they turned around and said name of the city formerly was Laish lack of anything that is on the land the molded image. to Micah, [aka ‘Leshem’: Jos 19:47]. 30 [earth].” 11 The priest stood at the entrance of the “What ails you, that you have And six hundred [600] men of the gate with the six hundred [600] men gathered such a company?” 24 Then the children of Dan set up for family of the Danites went from there, who were armed with weapons of war. So he said, themselves the carved image; and from Zorah and Eshtaol, armed with 18 When these went into Micah’s house “You have taken away Jonathan weapons of war. 12 Then they went and took my gods that I made, and the son [descendant] of Gershom, up and encamped in Kirjath Jearim the carved image, the priest, and the son of Manasseh [“city of forests”] in Judah. the ephod, you have gone away. [only three generations after Joseph (Therefore they call that place the household idols, and Now what more do I have? is too few for ~250 years; this story Mahaneh Dan [“camp (of) Dan”; the molded image, How can you say to me, happened as part of The Conquest cf. Judges13:25] to this day –– the priest said to them, ‘What ails you?’” 25 under Joshua: Jos 19:47], there, west of Kirjath Jearim.) “What are you doing?” 19 And the children of Dan said to him, and his sons were priests 13 And they passed from there to the And they said to him, “Do not let your voice be heard [in place of Levites, per the Law mountains of Ephraim, and came to “Be quiet, put your hand over your among us, lest angry men fall upon (Nu 8:23-26 near the end of Exodus)] the house of Micah. mouth, and come with us; be a father you, and you lose your life, with the to the tribe of Dan until the day of the and a priest to us. Is it better for you lives of your household!” 26 captivity of the land [by Assyria in 721 The 600 Danites Rob Micah to be a priest to the household of one [Might make right, in their eyes.] BC? Apparently, this comment was add- 14 ¶ Then the five [5] men who had gone man, or that you be a priest to a tribe Then the children of Dan went their way. ed by a later author. Alternatively, it to spy out the land [country] of Laish and a family in Israel?” 20 And when Micah saw that they were could be one of the captivities mentioned answered and said to their brethren, So the priest’s heart was glad; too strong for him, he turned and went in the book of Judges, especially when “Do you know that there are in these and he took back to his house. the ark was captured (and probably the houses the ephod, tabernacle destroyed, per v31)]. 31 an ephod, the household idols, and The Danites Take Laish So they set up for themselves Micah’s household idols, the carved image 27 ¶ So they took the things Micah had carved image which he [had] made, a carved image, and [the molded image is omitted], made, and the priest who had belonged all the time that the house of God was a molded image? to him, and went to Laish, to a people in Shiloh [“place of rest”]. Now therefore, consider what you quiet and secure; and they struck them should do.” 15

Home: www.GenesisHistory.org; Joshua ToC: page 34 Last modified: 3/22/2019 1:42 PM Highlighting Legend & Latest Notes 24 Joshua 19:49-51 Joshua 20 7 ¶ So they appointed Joshua’s Lot/Inheritance Cities of Refuge Allocated Kedesh [“holy place”] in Galilee, 49 ¶ When they had made an end of 20:1 ¶ YHWH also spoke to Joshua, in the mountains of Naphtali, dividing the land as an inheritance saying, 2 Shechem [“back”/“shoulder”] according to their borders, the children “Speak to the children of Israel, saying: in the mountains of Ephraim, and of Israel gave an inheritance among ‘Appoint for yourselves cities of refuge, Kirjath Arba [“city of Arba”] them to Joshua the son of Nun. 50 of which I spoke to you through Moses (which is Hebron [“association”]) According to the word of YHWH they [cf. Nu 35:9ff], 3 that the slayer who kills in the mountains of Judah. 8 gave him the city that he asked for, a person accidentally or unintentionally And on the other side of the Jordan, Timnath Serah [“portion of the sun” may flee there; and they shall be your by Jericho eastward, they assigned or “abundant portion”] refuge from the avenger of blood. 4 Bezer [“gold ore”/“remote fortress”] in the mountains of Ephraim; and And when he flees to one of those cities, in the wilderness on the plain, he built the city and dwelt in it. 51 and stands at the entrance of the gate from the tribe of Reuben, of the city, and declares his case in the Ramoth [“heights”] in Gilead, These were the inheritances that hearing of the elders of that city, they from the tribe of Gad, and Eleazar the priest, shall take him into the city as one of Golan [“their captivity: their rejoicing”] Joshua the son of Nun, and them, and give him a place, that he may in Bashan, the heads of the fathers of the dwell among them. 5 Then if the avenger from the [half] tribe of Manasseh. 9 tribes of the children of Israel of blood pursues him, they shall not divided as an inheritance by lot in deliver the slayer into his hand, because These were the cities appointed Shiloh before YHWH, at the door of the he struck his neighbor unintentionally, for all the children of Israel and tabernacle of meeting. So they made but did not hate him beforehand. 6 for the stranger who dwelt among them, an end of dividing the country. And he shall dwell in that city until that whoever killed a person he stands before the congregation for accidentally might flee there, and judgment, and until the death of the not die by the hand of one who is high priest in those days. the avenger of blood Then the slayer may return and come until he stood before the congregation. to his own city and his own house, to the city from which he fled.’”

Home: www.GenesisHistory.org; Joshua ToC: page 34 Last modified: 3/22/2019 1:42 PM Highlighting Legend & Latest Notes 25 [This column is paralled by the next:] 1 Chronicles 6:64-65,61-63 March 30 So the children of Israel gave 64 So the children of Israel gave Joshua 21 || 1 Chronicles 6:54-81 to the Levites from their inheritance, Levite Cities and Common-Lands at the commandment of YHWH, 21:1 ¶ Then the heads of the fathers’ these cities and their common-lands: 4 these cities with their common-lands houses of the Levites came near Now the lot came out for the families to Eleazar the priest, of the Kohathites. And the children to Joshua the son of Nun, and of Aaron the priest, who were to the heads of the fathers’ houses of the Levites, to the Levites. 65 of the tribes had thirteen [13] cities by lot And they gave by lot of the children of Israel. 2 from the tribe of ______Judah, from the tribe of the children of Judah, And they spoke to them at Shiloh in the from the tribe of ______Simeon, from the tribe of the children of Simeon, land of Canaan, saying, and and “YHWH commanded through Moses to from the tribe of ______Benjamin. 5 from the tribe of the children of Benjamin give us cities to dwell in, with their these cities that are called by their names. common-lands for our livestock.” 3 __ The rest of the children 61 To the rest of the family of the tribe [cf. Nu 35:1-8] of ___ Kohath___ of the Kohathites, had ten [10] cities by lot they gave by lot ten [10] cities [The next few pages have parallel from the families of columns: Jos 21:3-54 || 1 Ch 6:54-81. the tribe of Ephraim, The latter is rearranged somewhat to from the tribe of Dan, and match the order of the former. Line- from the half-tribe of Manasseh. 6 from half the tribe of Manasseh. by-line differences are underscored.] [west of the Jordan]

[1Ch 6:16-53 follow 2Sa 8:18] And __ the children of Gershon 62 And to the sons of Gershon, throughout their families, 1 Chronicles 6:54a had thirteen [13] cities by lot they gave thirteen [13] cities Cities for the Aaronic Priests from the families of from 54 ¶ Now these are their dwelling the tribe of Issachar, the tribe of Issachar, places throughout their settlements in from the tribe of Asher, from the tribe of Asher, their territory, for they were given by from the tribe of Naphtali, and from the tribe of Naphtali, and lot to the sons of Aaron: from the half-tribe of Manasseh from the tribe of Manasseh [east of the Jordan] in Bashan. 7 [ other half] in Bashan.

The children of Merari 63 To the sons of Merari, according to their families throughout their families, had twelve [12] cities they gave twelve [12] cities from the tribe of Reuben, from the tribe of Reuben, from the tribe of Gad, and from the tribe of Gad, and from the tribe of Zebulun. 8 from the tribe of Zebulun.

Home: www.GenesisHistory.org; Joshua ToC: page 34 Last modified: 3/22/2019 1:42 PM Highlighting Legend & Latest Notes 26 [This column is paralled by the next:] 1 Chronicles 6:54b-56 [This column is paralled by the next:] 1 Chronicles 6:57-60 And the children of Israel gave these Thus to the children of Aaron the priest And to the sons of Aaron cities with their common-lands by lot they gave: they gave one of the cities of refuge, to the Levites, as YHWH had command- Hebron [“association”] Hebron; also ed by the hand of Moses. with its common-land (a city of refuge for the slayer), 9 ¶ So they gave Libnah [“pavement”] Libnah from the tribe with its common-land, 14 with its common-lands, of the children of Judah and Jattir [“plenty”] Jattir from the tribe with its common-land, [with its common-lands], of the children of Simeon Eshtemoa Eshtemoa these cities that are designated [“I will make myself heard”] by name, 10 which were with its common-land, 15 with its common-lands, 58 for the children of Aaron, one Holon [“sandy”] Hilen [“place of caves”] of the families of the Kohathites, Of the family of the Kohathites: 55 with its common-land, with its common-lands, who were of the children of Levi; Debir [“sanctuary”] Debir for the lot was theirs first. 11 with its common-land, 16 with its common-lands, 59 A i n [“spring”] Ashan [“smoke”] And they gave them ___ They gave them with its common-land, with its common-lands, and Kirjath Arba Juttah [“stretched out”] (Arba was the father of Anak), with its common-land, and which is Beth Shemesh [“house of the sun”] Beth Shemesh Hebron [“association”], Hebron [“association”] with its common-land: with its common-lands. 60 in the mountains of Judah, with in the land of Judah, with nine [9] cities from those two tribes. 17 the common-land surrounding it. its surrounding common-lands _. 12 But the fields of the city and its 56 But the fields of the city and its And from the tribe of Benjamin, And from the tribe of Benjamin: villages they gave to Caleb the son villages they gave to Caleb the son Gibeon [“hill city”] of Jephunneh as his possession. 13 of Jephunneh. 57 with its common-land, Geba [“hill”] Geba with its common-land, 18 with its common-lands, [From here on, note that (as translated) [Whereas (as translated) Anathoth [“answers to prayer”]  Alemeth [“covering”] Joshua uses the singular: Chronicles (Ezra?) uses the plural: with its common-land, and with its common-lands, and “with its common-land_”] “with its common-lands”] Al_mon [“concealed”]  Anathoth with its common-land: with its common-lands. [The two lists differ in the cities they four [4] cities. 19 include, and some names, perhaps because of changes over ~900 years: All the cities of the children of Aaron, All their cities among their families Chronicles was written much later than the priests, were were [only 11 above] Joshua, reviewing much past history, thirteen [13] cities thirteen [13] . 61 possibly by Ezra.] with their common-lands. 20 [vv61-65 moved above to match Jos.]

Home: www.GenesisHistory.org; Joshua ToC: page 34 Last modified: 3/22/2019 1:42 PM Highlighting Legend & Latest Notes 27 [This column is paralled by the next:] 1 Chronicles 6:66-70 [This column is paralled by the next:] 1 Chronicles 6:71-75 And ______the families 66 Now some of the families Also to the children of Gershon, 71b [Also to] the sons of Gershon of the children of Kohath, the Levites, of the families of the Levites, the rest of the children of Kohath, _____ of the sons of Kohath from 71a From the family of even they had the cities of their lot were given cities as their territory the other half-tribe of Manasseh, the [other] half-tribe of Manasseh from the tribe of Ephraim. 21 For they from the tribe of Ephraim. 67 And they they gave were given 71c gave them: gave them one of the cities of refuge: Golan [“their captivity/rejoicing”] Golan Shechem [“back”/“shoulder”] Shechem in Bashan [“fruitful”] in Bashan with its common-land with its common-lands, with its common-land with its common-lands in the mountains of Ephraim in the mountains of Ephraim; (a city of refuge for the slayer), and and (a city of refuge for the slayer), also Be Eshterah [“with increase”] Ashtaroth [“star”] Gezer [“portion”] Gezer with its common-land: with its common-lands. 72 with its common-land, 22 with its common-lands, 68 two [2] cities; 28 Kibzaim [“two gatherings”] Jokmeam [“gathered by the people”] with its common-land, and with its common-lands, and from the tribe of Issachar, And from the tribe of Issachar: Beth Horon [“house of hollowness”] Beth Horon Kishion [“hard”] Kedesh [“holy place”] with its common-land: with its common-lands, 69 with its common-land, with its common-lands, four [4] cities; Daberath [“word”] Daberath 23 and from the tribe of Dan, with its common-land, 29 with its common-lands, 73 Eltekeh [“let God spew you out”] Jarmuth [“heights”] Ramoth [“heights” (diff. spelling)] with its common-land, with its common-land, and with its common-lands, and Gibbethon [“mound”] En Gannim [“fount of the garden”] Anem [“fountains”] with its common-land, 24 with its common-land: with its common-lands. 74 Aijalon [“field of deer”] Aijalon four [4] cities. 30 with its common-land, and with its common-lands, and Gath Rimmon Gath Rimmon And from the tribe of Asher, And from the tribe of Asher: [“winepress of the pomegranate”] Mishal [“entreaty”] Mashal [“entreaty” (diff. spelling)] with its common-land: with its common-lands. 70 with its common-land, with its common-lands, four [4] cities. 25 Abdon [“servile”] Abdon with its common-land, 31 with its common-lands, 75 And from the half-tribe of Manasseh, And from the half-tribe of Manasseh: Helkath [“smooth”] Hukok [“appointed”] Tanach [“sandy”] Aner [“boy”] with its common-land, and with its common-lands, and with its common-land and with its common-lands and Rehob [“broad place”] Rehob Gath Rimmon Bileam [“not of the people”=Balaam] with its common-land: with its common-lands. 76 [“winepress of the pomegranate”] four [4] cities; 32 with its common-land: with its common-lands, two [2] cities. 26 [Why are these two names so different?] [Renamed over the 900 years?] All the ten [10] cities with their common-lands were for the rest of the families ___ for the rest of the family of the children of Kohath. 27 of the sons of Kohath. 71 Home: www.GenesisHistory.org; Joshua ToC: page 34 Last modified: 3/22/2019 1:42 PM Highlighting Legend & Latest Notes 28 [This column is paralled by the next:] 1 Chronicles 6:76-77 [This column is paralled by the next:] 1 Chronicles 6:78-81 and from the tribe of Naphtali, And from the tribe of Naphtali: 36 And And on the other side of the Jordan, Kedesh [“holy place”] Kedesh across from Jericho, in Galilee [“circuit, district”] in Galilee on the east side of the Jordan, with its common-land with its common-lands, they were given (a city of refuge for the slayer), from the tribe of Reuben, from the tribe of Reuben: Hammoth Dor [“hot springs of Dor”] Hammon_ [“hot springs _____”] Bezer [“gold ore”/“remote fortress”] Bezer with its common-land, and with its common-lands, and in the wilderness Kartan [“two cities”] Kirjathaim [“two cities” (diff. sp.)] with its common-land, with its common-lands, with its common-land: with its common-lands. 77 Jahaz [“trodden down”] Jahzah [different spelling] three [3] cities. 33 with its common-land, 37 with its common-lands, 79 Kedemoth [“eastern”] Kedemoth All the cities of the Gershonites with its common-land, and with its common-lands, and according to their families Mephaath [“splendor”/“height”] Mephaath were thirteen [13] cities with its common-land: with its common-lands. 80 with their common-lands. 34 four [4] cities. 38

And to the families And from the tribe of Gad, And from the tribe of Gad: of the children of Merari, Ramoth [“heights”] Ramoth the rest of the Levites, in Gilead [“rocky region”] in Gilead from the tribe of Zebulun, From the tribe of Zebulun the rest of with its common-land with its common-lands, the children of Merari were given (a city of refuge for the slayer), Rimmon [“pomegranate”] Mahanaim [“two camps”] Mahanaim with its common-lands and with its common-land, 39 with its common-lands, 81 Tabor [“mound”] Heshbon [“stronghold”] Heshbon with its common-lands. 78 with its common-land, and with its common-lands, and Jokneam [“the people lament”] Jazer [“helped”] Jazer with its common-land, with its common-land: with its common-lands. Kartah [“city”] four [4] cities in all. 40 with its common-land, 35 So all the cities for the children of [1Ch 7 is found in Ezekiel, Sep 2] Dimnah [“dunghill”] Merari according to their families, with its common-land, and the rest of the families of the Levites, Nahalal [“pasture”] were by their lot twelve [12] cities. 41 with its common-land: four [4] cities. All the cities of the Levites within the possession of the children of Israel were forty-eight [48] cities with their common-lands. 42 Every one of these cities had its com- mon-land surrounding it; thus were all these cities.

Home: www.GenesisHistory.org; Joshua ToC: page 34 Last modified: 3/22/2019 1:42 PM Highlighting Legend & Latest Notes 29 YHWH’s Promises All (x6) Fulfilled And indeed, when Joshua sent them And when the children of Israel heard 43 ¶ So YHWH gave to Israel all the land March 31 away to their tents, he blessed them, 8 of it, the whole congregation of the of which He had sworn to give to their Joshua 22 and spoke to them, saying, children of Israel gathered together at fathers, and they took possession of it Reuben, Gad, ½Manasseh Back East “Return Shiloh to go to war against them. 13 and dwelt in it. 44 22:1 ¶ Then Joshua called with much riches to your tents, Then the children of Israel sent YHWH gave them rest all around, the Reubenites, with very much livestock, Phinehas the son of Eleazar the priest according to all that He had sworn the Gadites, and with silver, to the children of Reuben, to their fathers. half the tribe of Manasseh, 2 with gold, to the children of Gad, and And not a man of all their and said to them: with bronze, to half the tribe of Manasseh, enemies stood against them; “You have kept all that Moses the with iron, and into the land of Gilead, 14 and with him YHWH delivered all their enemies servant of YHWH commanded you, with very much clothing. ten [10] rulers, one ruler each from the into their hand. 45 and have obeyed my voice in all that I Divide the spoil of your enemies with chief house of every tribe of Israel; and Not a word failed of any good thing that commanded you. 3 You have not left your brethren.” 9 each one was the head of the house of YHWH had spoken to the house of Israel. your brethren these many days, up to So the children of Reuben, his father among the divisions of Israel. All came to pass. this day, but have kept the charge of the children of Gad, and 15 Then they came [Just as in the story of Noah and the the commandment of YHWH your God. half the tribe of Manasseh to the children of Reuben, Flood, “all” is repeated many times for 4 And now YHWH your God has given returned, and departed from the children to the children of Gad, and emphasis. The author (Joshua) really rest to your brethren, as He promised of Israel at Shiloh, which is in the land to half the tribe of Manasseh, wants us to know that all YHWH’s prom- them; now therefore, return and go to of Canaan, to go to the country of Gilead, to the land of Gilead, ises were fulfilled (just as Noah wanted your tents and to the land of your to the land of their possession, which and they spoke with them, saying, 16 us to know that all land in the world was possession, which Moses the servant they had obtained according to the word “Thus says the whole congregation of submerged and all life on all continents of YHWH gave you on the other side of YHWH by the hand of Moses. YHWH: were killed by the Flood, except those on of the Jordan. 5 ‘What treachery is this that you have the ark: Ge 7:1-9:17).] But take careful heed Reuben, Gad, ½M. Build an Altar committed against the God of Israel, [Repeated: 23:14b-15a] to do the commandment and the law 10 ¶ And when they came to the region to turn away this day from following that Moses the servant of YHWH of the Jordan that is in the land of YHWH, in that you have built for your- commanded you, Canaan, selves an altar, that you might rebel to love YHWH your God, the children of Reuben, this day against YHWH? 17 Is the iniquity to walk in all His ways, the children of Gad, and of Peor not enough for us, from which to keep His commandments, half the tribe of Manasseh we are not cleansed until this day, to hold fast to Him, and built an altar there by the Jordan –– although there was a plague in the to serve Him a great, impressive altar. 11 Now the congregation of YHWH, 18 but that you with all your heart and children of Israel heard someone say, must turn away this day from following with all your soul.” 6 “Behold, YHWH? And it shall be, if you rebel So Joshua blessed them and sent them the children of Reuben, today against YHWH, that tomorrow away, and they went to their tents. 7 the children of Gad, and He will be angry with the whole con- Now to half the tribe of Manasseh half the tribe of Manasseh gregation of Israel. 19 Nevertheless, Moses had given a possession in Bashan, have built an altar if the land of your possession is un- but to the other half of it Joshua gave on the frontier of the land of Canaan, clean, then cross over to the land of a possession among their brethren on in the region of the Jordan –– the possession of YHWH, where YHWH’s this side of the Jordan, westward. on the children of Israel’s side.” 12 tabernacle stands, and take possession

Home: www.GenesisHistory.org; Joshua ToC: page 34 Last modified: 3/22/2019 1:42 PM Highlighting Legend & Latest Notes 30 among us; but do not rebel against So your descendants would make our the children of Reuben, [Audio: Steve Gregg Jos 23-24] YHWH, nor rebel against us, by building descendants cease fearing YHWH.’ 26 the children of Gad, and Joshua 23 yourselves an altar besides the altar Therefore we said, the children of Manasseh Joshua Charges Isreal Before Dying of YHWH our God. 20 Did not Achan ‘Let us now prepare to build ourselves spoke, it pleased them. 31 Then 23:1 ¶ Now it came to pass, a long time [the son of Carmi, the son of Zabdi,] an altar, not for burnt offering nor for Phinehas the son of Eleazar the after YHWH had given rest to Israel the son of Zerah commit a trespass in sacrifice, 27 but that it may be a witness priest said to from all their enemies round about the accursed thing, and wrath fell on between you and us and our genera- the children of Reuben, [20 years, since Joshua was 90: v14], all the congregation of Israel? And tions after us, that we may perform the children of Gad, and that Joshua was old, advanced in age. that man did not perish alone in his the service of YHWH before Him the children of Manasseh 2 And Joshua called iniquity.’” with our burnt offerings, “This day we perceive that YHWH is for all Israel, with our sacrifices, and among us, because you have not for their elders, 21 ¶ Then with our peace offerings; committed this treachery against for their heads, the children of Reuben, that your descendants may not say to YHWH. Now you have delivered the for their judges, and the children of Gad, and our descendants in time to come, children of Israel out of the hand of for their officers, half the tribe of Manasseh “You have no part in YHWH.”’ 28 YHWH.” 32 and said to them: answered and said to the heads of the Therefore we said that it will be, And Phinehas the son of Eleazar the “I am old, advanced in age. 3 You have divisions of Israel: 22 when they say this to us or to our priest, and the rulers, returned from seen all that YHWH your God has done “YHWH, God of gods, generations in time to come, the children of Reuben and to all these nations because of you, for YHWH, God of gods, that we may say, the children of Gad YHWH your God is He who has fought He knows, and let Israel itself know ‘Here is the replica of the altar [and ½ Manasseh], for you. 4 See, I have divided to you –– if it is in rebellion, of YHWH that our fathers made, from the land of Gilead by lot these nations that remain, to be or if in treachery against YHWH, though not for burnt offerings to the land of Canaan, an inheritance for your tribes, from do not save us this day. 23 nor for sacrifices; but to the children of Israel, the Jordan, with all the nations that I If we have built ourselves an altar to it is a witness between you and us.’ 29 and brought back word to them. 33 So have cut off, as far as the Great Sea turn from following YHWH, or Far be it from us that we the thing pleased the children of Israel, [Mediterranean] westward. 5 if to offer on it burnt offerings or should rebel against YHWH, and and the children of Israel blessed God; And YHWH your God will grain offerings, or turn from following YHWH this day, they spoke no more of going against expel them from before you and if to offer peace offerings on it, to build an altar them in battle, to destroy the land where drive them out of your sight. let YHWH Himself require an account. for burnt offerings, the children of Reuben and Gad [and So you shall possess their land, 24 But in fact we have done it for fear, for grain offerings, or ½ Manasseh] dwelt. 34 as YHWH your God promised you. 6 for a reason, saying, for sacrifices, The children of Reuben and Therefore be very courageous ‘In time to come your descendants may besides the altar of YHWH our God the children of Gad to keep and speak to our descendants, saying, that is before His tabernacle.” [and ½ Manasseh] to do “What have you to do with YHWH, called the altar, Witness, all that is written God of Israel? 25 For YHWH has 30 ¶ Now when “For it is a witness between us in the Book of the Law of Moses, made the Jordan a border between Phinehas the priest and that YHWH is God.” lest you turn aside from it you and us, you the rulers of the congregation, to the right hand or children of Reuben and the heads of the divisions of Israel to the left, 7 and children of Gad who were with him, lest you go among these nations, [and ½ Manasseh?]. heard the words that these who remain among you. You have no part in YHWH.”

Home: www.GenesisHistory.org; Joshua ToC: page 34 Last modified: 3/22/2019 1:42 PM Highlighting Legend & Latest Notes 31 You shall not make mention of the Therefore it shall come to pass, that To Isaac I gave Jacob and Esau. But I delivered them into your hand. name of their gods [Ex 23:13], nor as all the good things have come To Esau I gave the mountains of Seir 12 I sent the hornet before you that cause anyone to swear by them; upon you that YHWH your God to possess, but Jacob and his chil- drove them out from before you, also you shall not serve them nor promised you, dren went down to Egypt. 5 the two [2] kings of the Amorites, but bow down to them, 8 but so YHWH will bring upon you Also I sent Moses and Aaron, and I not with your sword or with your bow. you shall hold fast to YHWH your God, all harmful things, plagued Egypt, according to what I 13 I have given you a land for which as you have done to this day. 9 For until He has destroyed you did among them. Afterward I brought you did not labor, and cities that you YHWH has driven out from before you from this good land that YHWH you out. 6 Then I brought your fathers did not build, and you dwell in them; great and strong nations; but as for you, your God has given you. 16 out of Egypt, and you came to the [Red] you eat of the vineyards and olive no one has been able to stand against When you have transgressed Sea; and the Egyptians pursued your groves that you did not plant.’ 14 you to this day. 10 One man of you the covenant of YHWH your God fathers with chariots and horsemen to [Much like what YHWH said shall chase a thousand [1,000], for that He commanded you, the Red Sea. 7 So they cried out to to Joshua in 1:1-9:] YHWH your God is He who fights for and have gone and served other gods, YHWH; and He put darkness between Now therefore, you, as He promised you. and bowed down to them, then the an- you and the Egyptians, brought the sea fear YHWH, [Jn 4:23-24: ] ger of YHWH will burn against you, and upon them, and covered them. And serve Him [Worship Him] 11 ¶ Therefore take careful heed to your- you shall perish quickly [Lu 19:41-44] your eyes saw what I did in Egypt. in sincerity and [in spirit and] selves, that you love YHWH your God. 12 from the good land Then you dwelt in the wilderness a in truth, and [in truth] Or else, if indeed you do go back, and that He has given you.” long time [40 years]. 8 And I brought put away the gods that your fathers cling to the remnant of these nations you into the land of the Amorites, who served on the other side of the –– these that remain among you –– Joshua 24 dwelt on the other side of the Jordan, [Euphrates] River and in Egypt. and make marriages with them, Joshua Charges Israel Further and they fought with you. But I gave Serve YHWH! 15 ¶ and go in to them and they to you, 13 24:1 ¶ Then Joshua gathered all the tribes them into your hand, that you might And if it seems evil to you to serve know for certain that YHWH your God of Israel to Shechem and called possess their land, and I destroyed YHWH, choose for yourselves this day will no longer drive out these nations for the elders of Israel, them from before you. 9 Then Balak whom you will serve, whether the gods from before you. But they shall be for their heads, the son of Zippor, king of Moab, arose that your fathers served that were on snares and traps to you, and for their judges, and to make war against Israel, and sent the other side of the [Euphrates] River, scourges on your sides and for their officers; and and called Balaam the son of Beor to or the gods of the Amorites, thorns in your eyes, they presented themselves before God. curse you. 10 But I would not listen in whose land you dwell. But until you perish from this good land 2 And Joshua said to all the people, to Balaam; therefore he continued to as for me and my house, that YHWH your God has given you. 14 “Thus says YHWH, God of Israel: bless you. So I delivered you out of we will serve YHWH.” 16 Behold, this day I am going the way of ‘Your fathers, including Terah, his hand. 11 Then you went over the So the people answered and said: all the lands [earth] [i.e., people; die]. the father of Abraham and Jordan and came to Jericho. And the “Far be it from us that we should forsake the father of Nahor, men of Jericho fought against you –– YHWH to serve other gods; 17 for And you know [cf. 21:43-45] dwelt on the other side of the [Euphra- also YHWH our God is He who brought us in all your hearts and tes] River [in Haran: Ge 11:31] in old the Amorites, and our fathers up in all your souls times; and they served other gods. 3 the Perizzites, out of the land of Egypt, that not one thing has failed of Then I took your father Abraham from the Canaanites, from the house of bondage, all the good things that YHWH your the other side of the [Euphrates] River the Hittites, who did those great signs in our sight, God spoke concerning you. [i.e., Haran], led him throughout all the Girgashites, and preserved us in all the way that we All have come to pass for you; the land of Canaan, and multiplied his the Hivites, and went and among all the people through not one word of them has failed. 15 descendants and gave him Isaac. 4 the Jebusites. whom we passed. 18 And YHWH drove

Home: www.GenesisHistory.org; Joshua ToC: page 34 Last modified: 3/22/2019 1:42 PM Highlighting Legend & Latest Notes 32 out from before us all the people, And he took a large stone, and set it Joseph’s Bones Buried including the Amorites who dwelt in up there under the oak that was by the 32 The bones of Joseph, which the chil- the land. We also will serve YHWH, sanctuary of YHWH. 27 And Joshua said dren of Israel had brought up out of for He is our God.” 19 to all the people, [The box below parallels Jos 24:28-31. Egypt, they buried at Shechem, in the But Joshua said to the people, “Behold, this stone shall be a witness It was likely copied later by the plot of ground that Jacob had bought “You cannot serve YHWH, for to us, for it has heard author of the first part of Judges, from the sons of Hamor the father of He is a holy God; all the words of YHWH perhaps also Eleazer or Phinehas.] Shechem for one hundred [100] pieces He is a jealous God; that He spoke to us. of silver [Ge 33:19], and that had be- He will not forgive It shall therefore be a witness to you, Judges 2:6,8,9 come an inheritance of the children of your transgressions nor your sins. 20 lest you deny your God.” 28 Joshua Dismisses the People Joseph. If you forsake YHWH and So Joshua let 6 ¶ And when Joshua had dismissed [This was in the mountains of Ephraim, serve foreign gods, the people depart, the people, the children of Israel went but a different location from where then He will turn and each to his own inheritance. each to his own inheritance Joshua was buried (v30). Apparently do you harm and consume you, to possess the land. the tribes were already territorial and after He has done you good.” 21 [v.7 is below] the Ephraimites wanted their name- And the people said to Joshua, Joshua Dies Joshua Dies sake’s father’s bones buried in their “No, but we will serve YHWH!” 22 [Jewish tradition: written by Eleazer] territory rather than in Judah’s, where So Joshua said to the people, 29 ¶ Now it came to pass after these 8 Now Abraham & Sarah, Isaac & Rebekah, “You are witnesses against yourselves things that Joshua the son of Nun, Joshua the son of Nun, and Jacob & Leah, were all buried: Ge that you have chosen YHWH for your- the servant of YHWH, died at the servant of YHWH, died at 49:29-31. Not clear whether this is in selves, to serve Him.” one hundred and ten [110] years old. one hundred and ten years [110] old. chonological order: did they do this And they said, [If Joshua was 90 at the end of the 9 earlier or wait until Joshua died?] “We are witnesses!” 23 Conquest (see the note preceding “Now therefore”, he said, “put away 1:1) thus five years older than Caleb, Eleazar Dies the foreign gods that are among you, this would be in 2581 AB = 1424 BC. 30 [Jewish tradition: written by Eleazer’s and incline your heart to YHWH, God And they buried him within the border And they buried him within the border son Phinehas, who was still alive in of Israel.” 24 of his inheritance at Timnath Serah of his inheritance at Timnath Heres the next story (Judges 19-21, esp., And the people said to Joshua, [“abundant provision”], [“portion of the sun”], 20:27-28).] “YHWH our God we will serve, and which is in the mountains of in the mountains of [Assuming the textual position means His voice we will obey!” 25 Ephraim, on the north side of Ephraim, on the north side of this was right after Joshua died, it would 31 AB [ In this way,] Mount Gaash [“quaking”]. Mount Gaash [“quaking”]. also have been in 2581 : v29] So Joshua made a covenant with the Judges 2:7 33 And Eleazar the son of Aaron died. people that day, and made for them Israel Served YHWH for a While Israel Served YHWH for a While They buried him in a hill belonging to a statute and Israel served YHWH So the people served YHWH Phinehas his son, which was given to an ordinance all the days of Joshua, and all the days of Joshua, and him in the mountains of Ephraim.” in Shechem. 26 Then Joshua wrote these all the days of the elders all the days of the elders words [presumably meaning this book who outlived Joshua, who outlived Joshua, we call ‘Joshua’ (or possibly finally who had known who had seen adding only Ch. 23-24 or 24:2b-13 all the ____ works of YHWH, all the great works of YHWH, and/or their affirmations)] which He had done for Israel. which He had done for Israel. in the Book of the Law of God.

Home: www.GenesisHistory.org; Joshua ToC: page 34 Last modified: 3/22/2019 1:42 PM Highlighting Legend & Latest Notes 33 Joshua 4...... 4 March 26 ...... 14 March 29 ...... 23 April 1 A Twelve-Stone Memorial...... 4 Joshua 13 ...... 14 Judges 17 ...... 23 Forward to: Judges-Ruth Joshua Exalted; Ark out of Jordan 4 Time to Divide the Land ...... 14 Story of Micah ...... 23 The Twelve-Stone Memorial ...... 5 Summary of Eastern Lands ...... 14 Micah Invites a Levite as His Priest ______Joshua 5...... 5 No Land for Levi...... 14 ...... 23 Sons of Israel Circumcised ...... 5 Reuben’s Territory ...... 14 Judges 18 ...... 23 Schedule of Readings Passover Observed...... 5 Gad’s Territory ...... 15 Five Danites Visit Micah, His Priest The Commander of YHWH ’s Army . 5 Manasseh’s Half Tribe’s Territory 15 ...... 23 Date Joshua Link or Joshua 6...... 5 Eastern Land; None for Levi ...... 15 The Spies Return With Their Report Mar. Start End Exceptional Seven Days to Sack Jericho ...... 5 Joshua 14 ...... 15 ...... 23 22 1:1 2:24 2nd ½ of reading March 24 ...... 7 Summary of Western Lands ...... 15 The 600 Danites Rob Micah ...... 24 23 3:1 6:27 Joshua 7...... 7 Caleb Requests His Own Land ..... 15 The Danites Take Laish ...... 24 24 7:1 9:27 Achan Brings Trouble to Israel ..... 7 Conquest Done ...... 16 Joshua’s Lot/Inheritance ...... 25 25 10:1 12:24 Joshua 8...... 8 Table of Jubilees ...... 16 Joshua 20 ...... 25 26 13:1 15:12 Israel Ambushes Ai ...... 8 Joshua 15 ...... 16 Cities of Refuge Allocated ...... 25 15:13 15:19 || Judges 1:9-15 Joshua Builds an Altar on Mt. Ebal Judah’s Lot ...... 16 March 30 ...... 26 27 15:20 17:18 ...... 9 Part of Judah for Caleb ...... 17 Joshua 21 || 1 Chronicles 6:54-81 ...... 26 28 18:1 19:48 Joshua 9...... 9 Judges 1:9-15 ...... 17 Levite Cities and Common-Lands 26 29 - - Judges 17-18 W. Kings Hear, Unite To Fight Israel March 27 ...... 17 1 Chronicles 6:54a ...... 26 19:49 20:9 ...... 9 Joshua 15:20 ...... 17 Cities for the Aaronic Priests ...... 26 30 21:1 21:39 || 1 Ch 6:54-81 Exception: Judah’s Inheritance ...... 17 1 Chronicles 6:64-65,61-63 ...... 26 21:40 21:45 Gibeon Resorts to Trickery ...... 10 Joshua 16 ...... 18 1 Chronicles 6:54b-56 ...... 27 31 22:1 24:33 Joshua Makes a Covenant with Joseph’s Lot ...... 18 1 Chronicles 6:57-60 ...... 27 Gibeon ...... 10 Ephraim’s Lot ...... 18 1 Chronicles 6:66-56 ...... 28 Joshua 17 ...... 19 1 Chronicles 6:71-75 ...... 28 Gibeon Found Out; Converted to YHWH ...... 10 Manasseh’s Lot for Machir ...... 19 1 Chronicles 6:76-77 ...... 29 March 25 ...... 11 More Land for Joseph ...... 19 1 Chronicles 6:78-81 ...... 29 Joshua 10...... 11 YHWH ’s Promises All (x6) Fulfilled 29 Gibeon Attacked by Five Kings .....11 March 28 ...... 20 March 31 ...... 30 Joshua Defends Gibeon: Long Day Joshua 18 ...... 20 Joshua 22 ...... 30 Table of Contents ...... 11 Tabernacle at Shiloh ...... 20 Reuben, Gad, ½Manasseh Back East (CTRL + Click to follow link to page) Joshua Takes Makkedah, etc...... 12 Seven [7] More Tribes Need Land 20 ...... 30 Libnah ...... 12 1a. Benjamin’s Lot ...... 20 Reuben, Gad, ½M. Build an Altar 30 March 22 cont’d: ...... 1 Lachish ...... 12 1b. Benjamin’s Cities ...... 20 Joshua 23 ...... 31 Joshua 1 ...... 2 Eglon ...... 12 Joshua 19 ...... 21 Joshua Charges Isreal Before Dying YHWH Charges Joshua 2554 AB .... 2 Hebron ...... 12 2. Simeon’s Lot (Inside Judah) .... 21 ...... 31 Joshua Charges the People ...... 2 Debir ...... 12 3a. Zebulun’s Lot ...... 21 Joshua 24 ...... 32 Joshua 2 ...... 2 Summary: All the Southern Land 12 3b. Zebulun’s Cities ...... 21 Joshua Charges Israel Further ... 32 Two Spies to Jericho Environs ...... 2 Joshua 11...... 12 4. Issachar’s Lot (by Cities) ...... 21 Joshua Dies ...... 33 A Deal With Rahab ...... 3 King Hazor Gathers Others: North12 5. Asher’s Lot (by Cities) ...... 21 Israel Served YHWH for a While .... 33 The Two Spies Escape and Return 3 Summary of Eastern Land Taken 13 6a. Naphtali’s Lot ...... 22 Joseph’s Bones Buried ...... 33 March 23 ...... 4 Joshua 12...... 13 6b. Naphtali’s Cities ...... 22 Eleazar Dies ...... 33 Joshua 3 ...... 4 Summary of Eastern Kings of Lands 7. Dan’s Lot (by Cities) ...... 22 April 1 ...... 34 Time to Cross the Jordan ...... 4 ...... 13 The Jordan Stops, The People Cross Summary of Western Kings of Lands Table of Contents ...... 34 ...... 4 ...... 13 Home: www.GenesisHistory.org; Joshua ToC: page 34 Last modified: 3/22/2019 1:42 PM Highlighting Legend & Latest Notes 34 Judah fell to Babylon in 586 BC. This was 390 years after the monarchy divided Introduction to the Book of Joshua under Rehoboam (Ezek.4:4-5, confirmed by adding up the lengths of the reigns by Steve Gregg, Summer 2011 of the Judean kings). This places the division of the monarchy in 975 BC. The 40-year reign of Solomon preceded that, making Solomon’s reign begin in 1015 BC. The temple, built early in the fourth year of Solomon’s reign th The book of Joshua: (1012 BC) was in the 480 year after the exodus (1 Kings 6:1), placing the exodus about 1491 BC. Joshua took charge 40 years later, or about 1451 BC. First of the collection that the Jewish Bible calls the “Former Prophets”.

Probably written at least 25 years after the initial invasion. The Hebrew canon is divided differently from that of the Septuagint (the latter Josephus said Joshua was 85 when he assumed leadership. He died at 110 arrangement is followed by English Bibles). There are three divisions: 1. To- rah (law), 2. Nebi’im (prophets), and 3. Kethubim (writings). The Prophets (24:29). Thus the time covered was about 25 years. divide into two groups: the Former Prophets (Joshua, Judges, Samuel, and Second generation after the exodus. Moses has just died and left Joshua in command Kings) and the Latter Prophets (Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, and “The Twelve” As a spy had said that God could help Israel conquer. Now he must put his money [our “minor prophets”]) where his mouth is!

The theme of the book is the conquest and settlement of Canaan, in fulfillment of Outline of the book: God’s promises made to Israel’s ancestors (21:43-45 cf. 1:3-4, 2Sa 8:3, 1Ki 4:21). I. Entering the Land (chapters 1-5)

II. Conquering the Land (chapters 6-12) Authorship: III. Division of the Land (chapters 13-22) Jewish tradition ascribes to Joshua (see 24:26), and he may have been its substantial IV. Joshua’s Farewell Addresses (Chapters 23-24) author, though it has not necessarily come down to us without interpolations or editorial input from others. Some parts describe events after his death. Traditionally, his death Is this Jihad? (24:29-32) was written by Eleazer, and the death of Eleazer (24:33) was written by Phineas. A. Not conversion by the sword, but divine judgment upon the wicked (Deut.9:4-5 / Gen.15:16) “The history of the world is but the biography of great men” —Thomas Carlyle B. God is not bloodthirsty (Exodus 34:6-7 / Ezek.33:11)

Joshua, the man: C. Ethics of genocide? 1. God’s prerogatives (Jeremiah 18:1-6) Known by various names in scripture: 2. Taking God’s side (Psalm 139:19-22) Oshea (Num.13:8, 16); 3. If the children were spared, but left as orphans, who would adopt them? Moses gave him the longer name Jehoshua (Num.13:16); 4. Eternal vs. temporal fates. Would they be better off growing up pagans, or dying shortened to Hoshea (Deut.32:44); innocent? (Isa.7:16 / 57:1-2) in Greek, Jesus (Heb.4:8) First seen as military commander against Amalekites (Ex.17:8-14); D. Holy war as a “type” of spiritual warfare Servant of Moses: Ex.24:13 (compare Elijah and Elisha) (1 Cor.10:6, 11 / 2 Cor.10:4-5 / Psalm 149:5ff) Ephraimite Prince and Spy (Numbers 13:8) Supported Moses against ten rebellious spies (Numbers 14:6, 10) God and War: Successor to Moses (Numbers 27:18-23; Deut.31:7-8) War as divine judgment

Non-parallels between biblical wars and modern wars The historical setting: There is no promised land, or political nation who are “God’s people”

Whom does God wish to judge? Date of entering Canaan— Approximately 1451 BC (2554 AB) Who is taking orders from God? Who are we identified with — Christ’s kingdom, or domicile nations?

Home: www.GenesisHistory.org; Joshua ToC: page 34 Last modified: 3/22/2019 1:42 PM Highlighting Legend & Latest Notes 35 Lessons of the book:

Joshua, a type of Christ — successor to Moses (the Law)

Canaan = “rest” (Deut.3:20; 12:9; 25:19 / Josh.1:13; 23:1/ Heb.3:7—4:11)

Canaan not a type of heaven It is a place of conflict and progressive conquest It is not an unconditionally secure venue Hebrews 4:3 — “We who have believed do enter into that rest”

It is a type of “the fullness of the blessing of the Gospel of Christ”. (Ro 15:29)

“There is a point of grace as much above the ordinary Christian as the ordinary Chris- tian is above the world.” —C. H. Spurgeon

“Both Scripture and the experience of many of Christ’s people seem to confirm that there is a work of Divine grace in the believer, quite distinct from that which we com- monly call conversion, and usually, though not necessarily, subsequent to it, in which the soul is brought into an experience of inwrought holiness and fellowship with God never known by conversion alone. —J. Sidlow Baxter, Explore the Book, vol.1, p.241

Baxter describes this experience as follows: “the soul is brought into an experience of inwrought holiness and fellowship with God never known by conversion alone.” “The law of the Spirit of life in Christ Jesus” makes gloriously free from “the law of sin and death” (Rom. viii. 2). There is complete renewal in the very “spirit of the mind” (Eph. iv. 23). There is effected such a love-blend of the believer’s life and will with the life and will of Christ that, instead of being egocentric, the believer becomes Christocen- tric. Self-consciousness is sublimated in Christ-consciousness, so that the experience now is, I live, yet not I; Christ liveth in me” (Gal. ii. 20); and “To me to live is Christ” (Phil. i. 21). The personality becomes monopolized and suffused by Holy Spirit (Eph. v. 18). Perfect love fills the heart and casts out fear (I John iv. 18).”

Spiritually, as well as physically, Canaan is a place of: (1) Bounty (Ex.3:8/ Lev.26:4-5); (2) Rest (Lev.26:6/ Deut.6:10-11); and (3) Triumph (Lev.26:7-8/ Deut.7:1)

Parallels between Joshua and Ephesians: apprehending the inheritance (corresponding to references to the heavenlies in Eph. 1:3; 1:20; 2:6; 3:10; 6:12) 1. Each represents the inheritance of God’s people 2. Each is acquired by a leader chosen by God 3. Each is a gift of grace acquired by faith 4. Each is a scene of battle and victory

Home: www.GenesisHistory.org; Joshua ToC: page 34 Last modified: 3/22/2019 1:42 PM Highlighting Legend & Latest Notes 36 Relevant to the Creating and Making: Notes from 2011 Steve Gregg Lectures: Joshua 4:22 Editor’s note: xi The Valley of Hinnom i 1:5 Is that promise for us today? It is x AB (After the Beginning) year numbers then you shall let your children know, was near the walls of Jerusalem, quoted in He 13:5-6, as if we should know are later keyed to BC years. In particular, saying, "by the entry of the gate Harsith" ‘Israel crossed over this Jordan that, although this is a private promise to the known BC dates 721 BC (Assyrian one man, in a general form it also applies sacking of Israel’s norther kingdom: 2 (Jeremiah 19:2); the Valley Gate on dry land [cf. Ge 1:10]’; 23 to us, at least in the germ of what God is Ki 17:5-6 || 2 Ki 18:9-12) and 586 BC opened into it (Nehemiah 2:13; for YHWH your God dried up the waters saying of His people. Hebrews also says (Nebuchadnezzar’s destruction of Jerusa- Nehemiah 3:13). The boundary of the Jordan before you until you had that the promises under the New Covenant lem: Je52:1 || 2Ki24:18 || 2Ch36:11), are between Judah and Benjamin ran crossed over, as YHWH your God had are more and better than those under the know from secular history. Those years along it (Joshua 15:8; Joshua 18:16). done [did] to the Red Sea [40 years Old Covenant. were determined by Jones to be 3284 AB It was the scene of idolatrous prac- ii earlier], which He dried up before us 2:4-5 He 11:31 commends Rahab for her and 3419 AB, respectively. I have confirmed tices in the days of Ahaz (2 Chroni- until we had crossed over, 24 faith, as does James 2:25, but neither and used Jones’ dates herein. Thus, to cles 28:3) and of Manasseh, who [However, the first three mentions of addresses the issue of lying. (But God convert AB to BC, simply subtract the BC "made his children to pass through the Jordan crossing use a different He- Himself told Samuel to indicate a partial year number from 4005. Thus, the very first the fire in the valley of the son of brew word that actually means “dry truth when going to anoint David, to save year AB was 4004 BC, assuming Jones’ Hinnom" (2 Chronicles 33:6), but Samuel from King Saul.) chronology is correctly deduced from the Josiah in the course of his reforms ground” or “dry land”: 3:17, 4:18] iii 4:1-9 Memorials not needed if God were Bible, that the relevant parts of the Bible "defiled Topheth, which is in the val- doing micricles all the time. are intended as narrative history, and that iv ley of the children (margin "son") of 4:14 YHWH proved that Joshua had the those two secular BC dates are correct. Hinnom, that no man might make his mantle of Moses. v son or his daughter to pass through 5:1-9 Circumcision: Ex 4:24ff re Moses the fire to Molech" (2 Kings 23:10) vs Zippora: was Moses negligent and Zip- It was on account of these evil prac- pora had to do the circumcision, or was tices that Jeremiah (7:32; 19:6) an- she (a pagan) previously resistant? This “second” circumcision made the Israelites nounced the change of name. Into vulnerable to attack for several days, ap- this valley dead bodies were proba- parently to teach them to depend on YHWH. bly cast to be consumed by the dogs vi 6:6 Seven trumpets as in Rev 8:6. [with gnashing teeth], as is done in vii 7:2 Joshua did not assume that God would the Wady er-Rababi today, and fires work the same way as re Jericho in regard were here kept burning to consume to all other cities, but sent spies to check the rubbish of the city. Such associ- out Ai and devised a new strategy for it. ations led to the Ge-Hinnom (New viii 10:12 “stand still” in Hebrew: “be si- Testament "Gehenna") becoming lent” the "type of Hell" (Milton, Paradise ix 11:6 Enemies were dead, so why not Lost, i, 405). take their chariots and horses for Israel’s own war equipment? God did not want them depending on them, but on Him (Ps 20:7 “some trust in chariots and some in horses, but we trust in YHWH our God”).

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