DOCSLIB.ORG

The Golden-Tailed Gecko: a Disturbance-Tolerant Species in a Fragmenting Environment

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Golden-Tailed Gecko: a Disturbance-Tolerant Species in a Fragmenting Environment CSIRO PUBLISHING Wildlife Research https://doi.org/10.1071/WR20115 The golden-tailed gecko: a disturbance-tolerant species in a fragmenting environment Chris R. Pavey A,B,E, Eric VanderduysC and S. RaghuD ACSIRO Land and Water, PMB 44 Winnellie, NT 0822, Australia. BWorkgroup for Endangered Species, Johann-Friedrich-Blumenbach Institute of Zoology, Georg-August University, Go¨ttingen, Germany. CCSIRO Land and Water, GPO Box 2583, Brisbane, Qld 4001, Australia. DCSIRO Health and Biosecurity, GPO Box 2583, Brisbane, Qld 4001, Australia. ECorresponding author. Email: [email protected] Abstract Context. In central Queensland, Australia, the development of a coal-seam gas (CSG) industry is creating additional fragmentation of landscapes consisting of woodland and open forest that are already highly fragmented. Aims. To assess the response to fragmentation of Strophurus taenicauda (golden-tailed gecko). The species is ‘near threatened’ in Queensland. Methods. Occurrence and abundance were examined across three categories of patch size – small (#10 ha), medium (10–100 ha) and large ($100 ha) – across three geographic areas of the species’ range. Minimal impact (i.e. sighting only) active searches for geckos were conducted at night. A minimum of three replicate sites of each patch size category was surveyed in each of the three geographic areas. Eleven additional patches (each ,4 ha and located in the southern geographic area) were surveyed to investigate how size and spatial isolation of small patches affected occurrence and abundance of S. taenicauda. At all sites a standardised set of 22 habitat variables was collected, and the presence of other species of arboreal gecko was recorded. Key results. The species was located across patches of all sizes, including those as small as 1.11 ha. It was also located opportunistically in the matrix among patches and occurred in isolated trees within an urban area. The abundance of another commonly occurring arboreal gecko, Gehyra dubia (dubious dtella), was negatively correlated with S. taenicauda abundance in small patches. The most important habitat variable for S. taenicauda was average basal area of trees. As this increased, especially above 5.7 m2 haÀ1, it was more likely to be present. When considering only the small patches, the main factors influencing presence and abundance of S. taenicauda were the average basal area of Callitris glaucophylla (white cypress) and grazing (negligible or absent). Conclusions. Strophurus taenicauda is a species that is tolerant of disturbance and can persist in fragmented habitat, provided the fragments have adequate cover of white cypress. Implications. The species appears to be resilient to the current level of CSG development within its geographic range. Keywords: brigalow, matrix, patch size, remnant, white cypress. Received 7 July 2020, accepted 15 April 2021, published online 21 May 2021 Introduction involves both a decline in the area of habitat and alteration of Understanding the habitat requirements of animal and plant its spatial configuration (Yeager et al. 2016). When considering species is a fundamental aspect of ecology. This task takes on changes in spatial configuration, a range of attributes have been heightened importance when the species concerned is classified shown to be important. These factors include patch size (the area as threatened or potentially at risk from anthropogenic or natural of a fragment of potential habitat), patch isolation, number of disturbances. The loss and fragmentation of habitat, driven by patches, matrix (the areas between the remaining fragments) anthropogenic disturbance, has been identified as a significant quality and edge characteristics (Fahrig 2003). Members of driver of wildlife defaunation globally, triggering extinctions of different species vary in their responses to the fragmentation species and populations, and local declines in abundance of of their habitat (Keinath et al. 2017). In one recent major review individuals (Dirzo et al. 2014). of the literature, most studies that demonstrated a response to Species responses to habitat fragmentation can be difficult to fragmentation reported a positive one for the species concerned predict because fragmentation is an aggregate process that (Fahrig 2017; Fahrig et al. 2019). Journal compilation Ó CSIRO 2021 Open Access CC BY-NC www.publish.csiro.au/journals/wr B Wildlife Research C. R. Pavey et al. Although further fragmentation of already fragmented land- Strophurus taenicauda was chosen as the focal species over scapes can result from a range of development types, develop- several other potentially impacted candidate species because of ment of unconventional gas resources has recently emerged as a its overlap with the broad CSG footprint and its relative ease of significant fragmenting process and hence as an emerging detection, which we predicted would make subsequent statisti- conservation issue (Brittingham et al. 2014; Hobday and McDo- cal analysis possible. nald 2014; Souther et al. 2014). Optimisation of underground We sought to understand how fragmentation influences the coal-seam gas (CSG) exploitation generally involves a trade-off occurrence and abundance of S. taenicauda across its range, and between interference from adjacent gas boreholes and infra- whether this exposed it to risks from the activities of a CSG structure costs, meaning accessing these resources inherently industry. Using a space-for-time approach, we designed a study results in high levels of fragmentation (Baker et al. 2012). The that assessed both the occurrence of the species in fragments that high degree of fragmentation exists primarily because of the differed in size, and the relationship between fragment size and road infrastructure necessary to access the optimally placed presence of white cypress and other dominant tree species on boreholes. Unconventional gas developments are often imple- abundance. We predicted that the species would favour areas mented rapidly and over very large areas (.1 million ha). In the with continuous vegetation and with a high proportion of white Brigalow Belt region of central and southern Queensland, cypress, leaf litter and dead trees. Australia, landscapes of woodland and open forest that have been heavily fragmented by over 150 years of agricultural Materials and methods development are being further disturbed by the rapid construc- Study location tion and operation of an unconventional CSG industry (Hobday and McDonald 2014). Fieldwork took place in three areas of southern and central The Brigalow Belt had lost 60% of its original vegetation by Queensland. This region has been heavily targeted for clearing 1999, with a high rate of ongoing clearing for grazing and crop for grazing, mining and other projects since the 1960s; clearing production (Wilson et al. 2002). The construction and operation and modification (and their attendant fragmentation) are ongo- of a CSG industry, commencing in 2011, has produced addi- ing and rapid (Accad et al. 2006; Young et al. 1999). tional clearing and fragmentation of the original vegetation The broad study area encompasses a mix of habitat types, (APLNG Project EIS 2010), with the potential for interaction mostly woodland to open forest ecosystems, many of which are with existing threats including introduced carnivores and inva- characterised by the presence of Acacia harpophylla, from sive plants. The amount of clearing resulting from well and road which the bioregion derives its name. As well as A. harpophylla, construction varies and is ongoing, but in the Dalby (Brigalow other significant components of the canopy layer in the particu- Belt South) region, development footprints average 3.5%, so in lar study areas we targeted include ‘she-oaks’(Casuarina cris- forested areas, 3.5% of the remnant forest will be cleared. It also tata and Allocasuarina luehmannii), ‘eucalypts’ (e.g. creates an average of 208 parcels of land, separated by roads, per Eucalyptus crebra and Corymbia species) and Callitris glauco- 100 km2 (eco logical Australia 2012). phylla. Shrubby Acacia species and sparse grasses are common Here, we report on our study, which assessed the response to components of the understorey and ground layer. fragmentation of a focal animal species of conservation signifi- The climate is generally warm to hot and semiarid (mean cance in the Brigalow Belt of Queensland, the golden-tailed minima–mean maxima ,19–348C) and has average annual gecko (Strophurus taenicauda). This species is found only in the rainfall ,642 mm, with a dry season through the winter months. Brigalow Belt North and Brigalow Belt South bioregions of Queensland and New South Wales, eastern Australia (Brown Survey methods et al. 2012). The golden-tailed gecko is a mostly arboreal, Survey methods for this study are detailed in full in Pavey et al. nocturnal lizard (70 mm snout–vent length) that feeds on a (2016). Here we provide an outline of the main approaches used. variety of insects and other invertebrates. The species occupies a Field work was undertaken during February, October and range of vegetation types, particularly where Acacia harpo- November 2015. These months were chosen because they are phylla (brigalow), Casuarina cristata (belah), Allocasuarina typically warm, and geckos are likely to be active and thus luehmannii (bull oak), Eucalyptus crebra (narrow-leaved detectable by the methods we employed. ironbark) and Callitris glaucophylla (white cypress) are grow- Strophurus taenicauda occurs at night
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Literature Cited in Lizards Natural History Database
    Literature Cited in Lizards Natural History database Abdala, C. S., A. S. Quinteros, and R. E. Espinoza. 2008. Two new species of Liolaemus (Iguania: Liolaemidae) from the puna of northwestern Argentina. Herpetologica 64:458-471. Abdala, C. S., D. Baldo, R. A. Juárez, and R. E. Espinoza. 2016. The first parthenogenetic pleurodont Iguanian: a new all-female Liolaemus (Squamata: Liolaemidae) from western Argentina. Copeia 104:487-497. Abdala, C. S., J. C. Acosta, M. R. Cabrera, H. J. Villaviciencio, and J. Marinero. 2009. A new Andean Liolaemus of the L. montanus series (Squamata: Iguania: Liolaemidae) from western Argentina. South American Journal of Herpetology 4:91-102. Abdala, C. S., J. L. Acosta, J. C. Acosta, B. B. Alvarez, F. Arias, L. J. Avila, . S. M. Zalba. 2012. Categorización del estado de conservación de las lagartijas y anfisbenas de la República Argentina. Cuadernos de Herpetologia 26 (Suppl. 1):215-248. Abell, A. J. 1999. Male-female spacing patterns in the lizard, Sceloporus virgatus. Amphibia-Reptilia 20:185-194. Abts, M. L. 1987. Environment and variation in life history traits of the Chuckwalla, Sauromalus obesus. Ecological Monographs 57:215-232. Achaval, F., and A. Olmos. 2003. Anfibios y reptiles del Uruguay. Montevideo, Uruguay: Facultad de Ciencias. Achaval, F., and A. Olmos. 2007. Anfibio y reptiles del Uruguay, 3rd edn. Montevideo, Uruguay: Serie Fauna 1. Ackermann, T. 2006. Schreibers Glatkopfleguan Leiocephalus schreibersii. Munich, Germany: Natur und Tier. Ackley, J. W., P. J. Muelleman, R. E. Carter, R. W. Henderson, and R. Powell. 2009. A rapid assessment of herpetofaunal diversity in variously altered habitats on Dominica.
    [Show full text]
  • Brigalow Belt Bioregion – a Biodiversity Jewel
    Brigalow Belt bioregion – a biodiversity jewel Brigalow habitat © Craig Eddie What is brigalow? including eucalypt and cypress pine forests and The term ‘brigalow’ is used simultaneously to refer to; woodlands, grasslands and other Acacia dominated the tree Acacia harpophylla; an ecological community ecosystems. dominated by this tree and often found in conjunction with other species such as belah, wilga and false Along the eastern boundary of the Brigalow Belt are sandalwood; and a broader region where this species scattered patches of semi-evergreen vine thickets with and ecological community are present. bright green canopy species that are highly visible among the more silvery brigalow communities. These The Brigalow Belt bioregion patches are a dry adapted form of rainforest, relics of a much wetter past. The Brigalow Belt bioregion is a large and complex area covering 36,400 000ha. The region is thus recognised What are the issues? by the Australian Government as a biodiversity hotspot. Nature conservation in the region has received increasing attention because of the rapid and extensive This hotspot contains some of the most threatened loss of habitat that has occurred. Since World War wildlife in the world, including populations of the II the Brigalow Belt bioregion has become a major endangered bridled nail-tail wallaby and the only agricultural and pastoral area. Broad-scale clearing for remaining wild population of the endangered northern agriculture and unsustainable grazing has fragmented hairy-nosed wombat. The area contains important the original vegetation in the past, particularly on habitat for rare and threatened species including the, lowland areas. glossy black-cockatoo, bulloak jewel butterfl y, brigalow scaly-foot, red goshawk, little pied bat, golden-tailed geckos and threatened community of semi evergreen Biodiversity hotspots are areas that support vine thickets.
    [Show full text]
  • A Brief Overview of the Taxonomy and Nomenclature of the Genus
    Australasian Journal of Herpetology 57 Australasian Journal of Herpetology 34:57-63. ISSN 1836-5698 (Print) Published 20 July 2017. ISSN 1836-5779 (Online) A brief overview of the taxonomy and nomenclature of the genus Diplodactylus Gray 1832 sensu lato, with the formal naming of a new subgenus for the Diplodactylus byrnei Lucas and Frost, 1896 species group and two new species within this subgenus. RAYMOND T. HOSER 488 Park Road, Park Orchards, Victoria, 3134, Australia. Phone: +61 3 9812 3322 Fax: 9812 3355 E-mail: snakeman (at) snakeman.com.au Received 25 March 2017, Accepted 28 May 2017, Published 20 July 2017. ABSTRACT The taxonomy of the genus Diplodactylus Gray 1832 sensu lato was well resolved at the genus level by Oliver et al. (2007) and to a lesser extent other authors over the past 30 years to 2017. However a group known as the Wüster gang as detailed by Hoser (2015a-f) have unlawfully stopped most herpetologists from using taxonomy and nomenclature proposed by authors outside of their mob. As a result names formally proposed by Wells and Wellington (1989) for obvious species groups have been forcibly suppressed in herpetology since they were first published. This has remained the case even after Oliver et al. (2007) confirmed the validity of their genus-level classification in terms of three names they proposed. Taking an ultra-conservative position, Oliver et al. (2007) split Diplodactylus Gray 1832 sensu lato into three genera, using the first available names of Diplodactylus Gray 1832, Lucasium Wermuth, 1965 and Rhynchoedura Günther, 1867 for three main groups that diverged from one another in excess of 20 MYA.
    [Show full text]
  • Terrestrial Fauna Assessment
    Cameby Downs Continued Operations Project EnvironmentalEnvironmental Values Assessment Assessment APPENDIX E Terrestrial Fauna Assessment Cameby Downs Continued Operation Project Terrestrial Fauna Assessment May 2018 Syntech Resources Pty Ltd ecology / vegetation / wildlife / aquatic ecology / GIS Executive summary The Cameby Downs Mine is owned and operated by Syntech Resources Pty Ltd (Syntech) and is managed by Yancoal Australia Ltd (Yancoal). Syntech are considering expanding their operation area as part of the Cameby Downs Continued Operations Project (the Project) and an environmental values statement is being prepared to accompany a major Environmental Authority Amendment application. Syntech commissioned Ecosure Pty Ltd (Ecosure) to undertake terrestrial fauna field surveys and ecological assessments to address the minimum requirements in the Queensland Department of Environment and Heritage (DEHP) Information Request for an Amendment Application for an Environmental Authority. To supplement previous fauna surveys undertaken over the last decade, Ecosure undertook preliminary surveys and targeted surveys in July 2016. More comprehensive surveys followed in October 2016. Overall, six detailed trapping sites, 50 observational surveys and 56 targeted surveys were undertaken across the study area to determine the likelihood of occurrence of species listed as conservation significant species under State legislation and/ or threatened under Commonwealth legislation. A total of five conservation significant species have been recorded during field surveys (including previous surveys) conducted in the study area. These were: • koala (Phascolarctos cinereus) • glossy black-cockatoo (Calyptorhynchus lathami lathami) • grey snake (Hemiaspis damelii) • short-beaked echidna (Tachyglossus aculeatus) • yakka skink (Egernia rugosa) (during previous surveys only). A total of 192 species were recorded during the field surveys, including 13 amphibians, 101 birds, 25 mammals and 26 reptiles.
    [Show full text]
  • Native Animal Species List
    Native animal species list Native animals in South Australia are categorised into one of four groups: • Unprotected • Exempt • Basic • Specialist. To find out the category your animal is in, please check the list below. However, Specialist animals are not listed. There are thousands of them, so we don’t carry a list. A Specialist animal is simply any native animal not listed in this document. Mammals Common name Zoological name Species code Category Dunnart Fat-tailed dunnart Sminthopsis crassicaudata A01072 Basic Dingo Wild dog Canis familiaris Not applicable Unprotected Gliders Squirrel glider Petaurus norfolcensis E04226 Basic Sugar glider Petaurus breviceps E01138 Basic Possum Common brushtail possum Trichosurus vulpecula K01113 Basic Potoroo and bettongs Brush-tailed bettong (Woylie) Bettongia penicillata ogilbyi M21002 Basic Long-nosed potoroo Potorous tridactylus Z01175 Basic Rufous bettong Aepyprymnus rufescens W01187 Basic Rodents Mitchell's hopping-mouse Notomys mitchellii Y01480 Basic Plains mouse (Rat) Pseudomys australis S01469 Basic Spinifex hopping-mouse Notomys alexis K01481 Exempt Wallabies Parma wallaby Macropus parma K01245 Basic Red-necked pademelon Thylogale thetis Y01236 Basic Red-necked wallaby Macropus rufogriseus K01261 Basic Swamp wallaby Wallabia bicolor E01242 Basic Tammar wallaby Macropus eugenii eugenii C05889 Basic Tasmanian pademelon Thylogale billardierii G01235 Basic 1 Amphibians Common name Zoological name Species code Category Southern bell frog Litoria raniformis G03207 Basic Smooth frog Geocrinia laevis
    [Show full text]
  • NSW REPTILE KEEPERS' LICENCE Species Lists 1006
    NSW REPTILE KEEPERS’ LICENCE SPECIES LISTS (2006) The taxonomy in this list follows that used in Wilson, S. and Swan, G. A Complete Guide to Reptiles of Australia, Reed 2003. Common names generally follow the same text, when common names were used, or have otherwise been lifted from other publications. As well as reading this species list, you will also need to read the “NSW Reptile Keepers’ Licence Information Sheet 2006.” That document has important information about the different types of reptile keeper licenses. It also lists the criteria you need to demonstrate before applying to upgrade to a higher class of licence. THESE REPTILES CAN ONLY BE HELD UNDER A REPTILE KEEPERS’ LICENCE OF CLASS 1 OR HIGHER Code Scientific Name Common Name Code Scientific Name Common Name Turtles Monitors E2018 Chelodina canni Cann’s Snake-necked Turtle G2263 Varanus acanthurus Spiney-tailed Monitor C2017 Chelodina longicollis Snake-necked Turtle Q2268 Varanus gilleni Pygmy Mulga Monitor G2019 Chelodina oblonga Oblong Turtle G2271 Varanus gouldii Sand Monitor Y2028 Elseya dentata Northern Snapping Turtle M2282 Varanus tristis Black-Headed Monitor K2029 Elseya latisternum Saw-shelled Turtle Y2776 Elusor macrurus Mary River Turtle E2034 Emydura macquarii Murray Short-necked Turtle Skinks T2031 Emydura macquarii dharra Macleay River Turtle A2464 Acritoscincus platynotum Red-throated Skink T2039 Emydura macquarii dharuk Sydney Basin Turtle W2331 Cryptoblepharus virgatus Cream-striped Wall Skink T2002 Emydura macquarii emmotti Emmott’s Short-necked Turtle W2375
    [Show full text]
  • Mechanics, Diversity, and Ecology of Gecko Adhesion
    MECHANICS, DIVERSITY, AND ECOLOGY OF GECKO ADHESION A Dissertation Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy with a Major in Biology in the College of Graduate Studies University of Idaho by Travis Jay Hagey August 2013 Major Professor: Luke. J. Harmon, Ph.D. ii AUTHORIZATION TO SUBMIT DISSERTATION This dissertation of Travis J. Hagey, submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy with a major in Biology and titled “Mechanics, Diversity, and Ecology of Gecko Adhesion,” has been reviewed in final form. Permission, as indicated by the signatures and dates given below, is now granted to submit final copies to the College of Graduate Studies for approval. Major Professor ______________________________ Date _______________ Luke J. Harmon Committee ______________________________ Date _______________ Members Craig P. McGowan ______________________________ Date _______________ Jack M. Sullivan ______________________________ Date _______________ Kellar Autumn Department ______________________________ Date _______________ Administrator James J. Nagler College of Science ______________________________ Date _______________ Dean Paul Joyce Final Approval and Acceptance by the College of Graduate Studies ______________________________ Date _______________ Jie Chen iii Abstract The question of why animals are shaped the way they are has intrigued scientists for hundreds of years. Studies of ecological morphology (the relationship between an organism’s form, function, and environment) often bridge multiple disciplines including biomechanics, ecology, phylogenetics, and comparative methods. In this dissertation, I gathered data and tested hypotheses that considered the link between morphology and performance and the relationship between performance and ecology. I focused my research on the adhesive abilities of geckos. Geckos are an understudied, diverse group of lizards, well known for their adhesive toe pads.
    [Show full text]
  • Taxonomic Assessment of Two Pygopodoid Gecko Subspecies from Western Australia
    See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/338531530 Taxonomic assessment of two pygopodoid gecko subspecies from Western Australia Article in Israel Journal of Ecology and Evolution · January 2020 DOI: 10.1163/22244662-20191078 CITATIONS READS 0 169 4 authors, including: Paul Doughty Ian Brennan Government of Western Australia Australian National University 136 PUBLICATIONS 2,689 CITATIONS 17 PUBLICATIONS 61 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Barcoding utility in a mega-diverse, cross-continental genus: keeping pace with Cyrtodactylus geckos View project All content following this page was uploaded by Ian Brennan on 15 January 2020. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. Israel Journal of Ecology & Evolution, 2020 http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22244662-20191078 Taxonomic assessment of two pygopodoid gecko subspecies from Western Australia Luke Kealleya,*, Paul Doughtya, Danielle Edwardsb and Ian G. Brennanc aDepartment of Terrestrial Zoology, Western Australian Museum, 49 Kew Street, Welshpool 6106, Australia bSchool of Natural Sciences, University of California, Merced, CA 95343, U.S.A. cDivision of Ecology & Evolution, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia Abstract Subspecies designations for herpetofauna in Western Australia were largely coined in the 20th century where rigorous evolutionary concepts to species were not consistently applied. Rather, subspecies tended to designate geographic populations of similar-looking taxa to nominate forms, usually differing in size, pattern or colour and, at best, a few scalation differences. Here we re-evaluate two pygopodoid taxa from Western Australia using a combination of published and original genetic data coupled with a reassessment of morphology.
    [Show full text]
  • A New Phasmid Gecko (Squamata: Diplodactylidae: Strophurus) from the Arnhem Plateau: More New Diversity in Rare Vertebrates from Northern Australia
    Zootaxa 3878 (1): 037–048 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2014 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3878.1.3 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:9D0BF37E-B384-46A1-A9E5-10412F70D208 A new phasmid gecko (Squamata: Diplodactylidae: Strophurus) from the Arnhem Plateau: more new diversity in rare vertebrates from northern Australia PAUL M. OLIVER1 & TOM PARKIN2,3 1Department of Zoology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; Museum Victoria, GPO Box 666, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia; Australian National University, Research School of Biology, Acton, Australian Capital Territory, 2061. E-mail: [email protected] 2Museum & Art Gallery of the Northern Territory, GPO Box 4646, Darwin, Northern Territory 0801, Australia. E-mail: [email protected] 3Corresponding author Abstract The Arnhem Plateau is a rugged expanse of sandstone escarpment in the Australian Monsoonal Tropics with a highly en- demic biota. Here we describe a new species of small spinifex dwelling Strophurus (phasmid gecko) that also appears to be endemic to this region. Strophurus horneri sp. nov. can be diagnosed from all congeners by aspects of size, coloration and scalation. Even with the description of this new species, however, levels of morphological and genetic diversity within Strophurus from the stone country of the Northern Territory suggest additional divergent lineages are present. A number of recent studies have now provided preliminary evidence of evolutionary diversity within the Arnhem Plateau, but data remains scant and almost nothing is known about how topography and historical processes have shaped the endemic biota of this region.
    [Show full text]
  • Release Notice This Document Is Available Through the Australia Pacific LNG Upstream Phase 1 Project Controlled Document System Teambinder™
    Pre-Clearance Survey Report – Orana Spur Line Project Report Release Notice This document is available through the Australia Pacific LNG Upstream Phase 1 Project controlled document system TeamBinder™. The responsibility for ensuring that printed copies remain valid rests with the user. Once printed, this is an uncontrolled document unless issued and stamped Controlled Copy. Third-party issue can be requested via the Australia Pacific LNG Upstream Phase 1 Project Document Control Group. Document Conventions The following terms in this document apply: • Will, shall or must indicate a mandatory course of action • Should indicates a recommended course of action • May or can indicate a possible course of action. Document Custodian The custodian of this document is the Australia Pacific LNG Upstream Phase 1 Project – Pipeline Environment Manager. The custodian is responsible for maintaining and controlling changes (additions and modifications) to this document and ensuring the stakeholders validate any changes made to this document. Deviations from Document Any deviation from this document must be approved by the Australia Pacific LNG Upstream Phase 1 Project – Pipeline Environment Manager. Disclaimer This report has been prepared on behalf of and for the exclusive use of Australia Pacific LNG, and is subject to and issued in accordance with the agreement between Australia Pacific LNG and Unidel Group Pty Ltd. Australia Pacific LNG and Unidel Group accepts no liability or responsibility whatsoever for it in respect of any use of or reliance upon this report by any third party. Copying this report without the permission of Australia Pacific LNG or Unidel Group is not permitted. Doc Ref: Q-4319-15-RP-0001 Revision: 1 Page 2 of 57 Pipelines, Australia Pacific LNG Upstream Phase 1 Uncontrolled when printed unless issued and stamped Controlled Copy.
    [Show full text]
  • Golden-Tailed Gecko and Glossy Black- Cockatoo
    LAND AND WATER Habitat selection by two focal species; golden-tailed gecko and glossy black- cockatoo Chris R. Pavey, Eric Vanderduys and S. Raghu ISBN (print): 978‐1‐4863‐0702‐9 ISBN (online): 978‐1‐4863‐0703‐6 Citation Pavey, C. R., Vanderduys, E. and Raghu, S. (2016) Habitat selection by two focal species; golden‐ tailed gecko and glossy black‐cockatoo. A report to the Gas Industry Social and Environmental Research Alliance (GISERA). May 2016. CSIRO, Alice Springs Copyright © Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation 2016. To the extent permitted by law, all rights are reserved and no part of this publication covered by copyright may be reproduced or copied in any form or by any means except with the written permission of CSIRO. Important disclaimer CSIRO advises that the information contained in this publication comprises general statements based on scientific research. The reader is advised and needs to be aware that such information may be incomplete or unable to be used in any specific situation. No reliance or actions must therefore be made on that information without seeking prior expert professional, scientific and technical advice. To the extent permitted by law, CSIRO (including its employees and consultants) excludes all liability to any person for any consequences, including but not limited to all losses, damages, costs, expenses and any other compensation, arising directly or indirectly from using this publication (in part or in whole) and any information or material contained in it. CSIRO is committed to providing web accessible content wherever possible. If you are having difficulties with accessing this document please contact [email protected].
    [Show full text]
  • Species Richness in Time and Space: a Phylogenetic and Geographic Perspective
    Species Richness in Time and Space: a Phylogenetic and Geographic Perspective by Pascal Olivier Title A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Ecology and Evolutionary Biology) in The University of Michigan 2018 Doctoral Committee: Assistant Professor and Assistant Curator Daniel Rabosky, Chair Associate Professor Johannes Foufopoulos Professor L. Lacey Knowles Assistant Professor Stephen A. Smith Pascal O Title [email protected] ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6316-0736 c Pascal O Title 2018 DEDICATION To Judge Julius Title, for always encouraging me to be inquisitive. ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The research presented in this dissertation has been supported by a number of research grants from the University of Michigan and from academic societies. I thank the Society of Systematic Biologists, the Society for the Study of Evolution, and the Herpetologists League for supporting my work. I am also extremely grateful to the Rackham Graduate School, the University of Michigan Museum of Zoology C.F. Walker and Hinsdale scholarships, as well as to the Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Block grants, for generously providing support throughout my PhD. Much of this research was also made possible by a Rackham Predoctoral Fellowship, and by a fellowship from the Michigan Institute for Computational Discovery and Engineering. First and foremost, I would like to thank my advisor, Dr. Dan Rabosky, for taking me on as one of his first graduate students. I have learned a tremendous amount under his guidance, and conducting research with him has been both exhilarating and inspiring. I am also grateful for his friendship and company, both in Ann Arbor and especially in the field, which have produced experiences that I will never forget.
    [Show full text]