Conservation Area 10 Park Street & Brandon Hill Character Appraisal & Management Proposals
May 2011
www.bristol.gov.uk/conservationareas 23 10 9 Senate 25 1 7 1 1 0 7 House 2 0 2 El l0 9 Sub Sta 8 9 8 7 Senate 7 2 House 6 7 6 1 8 E UE 2 AC 5 EN 9 L 6 V 1 P 8 The Hawthorns L A D 1 L N DA LA YN 1 R 4 T 2 E D 58.8m ELTON ROAD D A N 3 U O Park Street & Brandon Hill Conservation Area 2 S
R 1 1 S 54.6m 68.0m E
I 2 D D OA Victoria Rooms A N R L LTO
E E 5 T Vict I o ria 1 LB 60.4m H M ethodist Church 71.6m Manor House W (site of) B r i D st Lodge A 3 o O l R G 74.7m T 57.9m r R a m O 2 Bristol F m L A Statue Grammar School a Y r O 88 s Royal West of England S R in 1 c ta Academy h un o 59.1m o o F Lodge l Posts
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M Royal Fort (site of) t Beacon House D ar 57.0m A u St se L 70.7m u Gate House U o E H E N U R EN IV LB AV O E N'S Howard A R rt D o EE G S F U House I l m r T Q .0 a oya e 3 Y R us Statue TCBs 5 d o 54.6m u W H a t A e L Edgecombe Hall S K c h o Q TYNDALL'S o U l E o E TCBs E 8 f N Bank I S 6 Embassy House PARK 4 n 'S O 3 t R e L 4 r O n C 5 A 8 a S D 8 2 t ' 4 a io D RICHMOND HILL 58.5m St n R a b 1 a A 80 u 1 l K 0 l S 61.6m B N 8 E u A s T Richmond Heights D in A e 9 3 2 1 O ss 1 - 12 14 - 16 70 R 52.7m to 8 Y 7 IT 8 El Sub Sta E S l R 8 S Pond 3 ub E 56.7m V 8 S I 1 ta N U 68 University of Bristol 6 PH 8 2 2 9 to 7 E 71.0m LM 3 R D 4a 4 O A A L 5 E Bank D E LAC CIifton Pavilion P R W a RK oya 0 PA 7 1 O 1 7 l 5 b 51.5m P 8 O 0 r 1 o 63.7m 77 m Royal Parade C D 1 e a L 4 k e n A th A r s a p o Bruton a d o N u e C s lic Place P o hu to D k H r li n ch c 54.3m R a 71 PW T O Park H 1 6 A P 9 Hotel D 7 E T 8 6 1 C S 7 6 3 6 A E 5 P L Clifton H A W Museum and R P Heights 8 K P 4 1 E 6 Art Gallery L PO Y m G T 1 Bank I 4 5 . 7 N 4 S 6 7 1 3 5 5 A 7 R D I 50.6m 6 E A R 4 6 0 IV O 3 7 T 2 R 4 N P 4 Triangle ro U -C Walk w a 4 ie th 4 V ed 61.3m er r 5 al ow La 4 47 T ne 47.9m 45 4 5 3 2 1 7 to 9 14 15 C A N 7 T TRIANGLE SOUTH 48.2m 7 O C 51.2m Qu K ta een's Row 'S b S 5 Su a T C El
4 4 7 3 h 2 3 L 6 Q e 1 UE O 1 3 EN M S 9 3735 'S R e B E PH a35 33 29 OA r u y D ch ild e 2 a i r B 321 n n o Summer erke a21 t g Lunsford House st rk C ley 45.7m V s ti a Court resce 15 e 5 l n to 1 n 1 1 9 u P t 1 t r 1 TCBs u M a 3 8 1 3 1 TC re 9 1 W C to 6 o B r t 9 s E 7 o 7 5 C 3 6 o
3 d A 1 7 L 9 6 l 1 0 U a U P 9 n 1 P ive n 1 7 d 3 N 4 rsi 2 P The Berkeley a ty E O 20 8 G R R E 88 a R te i 5 s C 2 E 8 43.3m 2 B Y 1 1 U e A 6 E B 1 8 1 9 l B N 8 L 0 E R a E 2 9 1 C t RK 3 E 1 K i P 55.8m E P 2 A E LE V C 19 L sp Y A P L N SQ 25 s E o U Y 6 Y Theatre 6 O AR 2 PH 2 E Y H E 6 E 60 43.0m R 2 L L P d 7 25 l 6 E E E 7 L Y 2 41.5m K e 1 8 K 41.1m 9 A i B R 2 f B E R C f E 29 T R U B E 8 A RK H E N 58 44.5m U E u R E 30 5 C B 1 U LE E B E R N E 5 9 2 s Y 31 R V PAR LB O l Q PH K T 1 S A R y' P Q O 10 U O o r U E T W 10a S A 12 1 P R N st a R - E 0 i E A T Y E g U n r M N 7 R i 4 E T 1 B t D 6 4 TCB 24 d 1 1 S 8 il L - u e S B K h t E A R B a 2 s T K Statue C A 3 3 5 P b 1 R K 30 1 n 7 co E o - 5 i A P B t 7 M Ja G 7 A 4 V er e ca A 3 R al idi h u l) e H an T d o IN K o E 1 to 53 us 5 f ist L S e E 3 o r A T 1 R l B R The Panoramic Meridian 1 A o f N Mews 1 o o E E U h y E 2 Q c t T S si a S r 7 2 Y te e 1 Stone E a iv 6 3 64.9m L u n 1 6 l 8 E d U 9 a a ( 7 a t K r 41.5m 42.4m i 1 3 Lodge R G a 6 1 D p E a6 6 L s t A B 9 7 4 L 3 6 7 o Irving House I o T H O 6 3 H E 5 R 0 E 6 N s ' 4 R O S h T T t S L 2 se F e ) E u I e L l 1 b T o L s E o T H C a u o Tank O 's s) z H o i 56.4m L r R W l h 2 e e R I c L 5 e E H E A s S L 8 n ' S H i W u 1 g h n ( S B 6 C n O o g e 3 T 2 E L i FS 7 O e o 9 War R to e e sh t 4 7 E l s 3 C u u 8 4 Meml E l S e m Q o 2 E S L n l 8 T Terry House L JA Brandon Hill H 3 5 u A 7 E o y 4 5 b t ( e 2 W T l 7 S E S ke to 2 5 R E er 9 4 2 se ta E R B 1 St George's u P T Unite House 8 1 6 o P S 1 4 5 H U o 0 lk 5 t 5 o 7 0 34.7m F 1 8 0 4 ey 1 4 9 Folk l e o T S 4 House 5 kes t E 9 t 6 7 36.3m r u 0 9 E 1 75.6m e o 9 1 3 R G B H o 8 T 51.2m e 4 t 3 S o 4 9 P 1 r 2 Path a TE g to th 7 e 4 3 T 's 2 25 LO 4 65.2m Fort R 7 (remains of) A 2 H 3 C 21 4 The 5 3 C Deanery 4 8 U St Brandon's Chapel 30.2m 3 L 7 V 6 (site of) 4 E R Posts 4 1 2 S Unite House G T O s R R e 3 E t S 3 M Cabot Culver House e 6 su E h E S s T 4 1 I Tower tc L C 5 H a A 5 H I ) a R a L H H 3 N 9 A 5 L o 5 2 e P E 5 2 h ( JO R S 8 7 2 se 1 T a 9 L T 2 m O 7 R 3 6 b P . T 5 e H 72.2m T 3 A 1E 2 cr e E 8 Georgian 1 h A N T E T R E 1 ec r E 9 C R a Be y House T K T ne C B S e T S S D A P 1 ak e T T 9 E O R o R 36.9m R r n d 3 R d r P n 47.9m E 8 1 O oo R a d o 1 1 E 5 M w 9 a E s 1 ce o 7 7 E B e ' P t G 2 pl S t T a h T 1 t T O r M PCs S 1 o a E R T O E 5 3 F n E 1 1 1 U R 1 d R T 8 PH
t o T S o R H 1 n E 1 1 6 4 A 1 G
V Bowling Green Hall 6 R 5 C 1 i O l E 4 l E 7 a G 1 s T 19.2m A 2 3 6 1 E 49 4 4 R o 1 1 2 G t 0 2 T 3 1 E 4 1 5 7 1 E 0 2 R LB G to P T 9 o 9 a S Brandon Hill a I 8 3 r 3 1 d 6 1 V k Y 3 2 T r o 1 i I 1 u t a S 8 sh 3 N 0 0 Dean's Court 7 d t Statue 5 D u re U A ct e 4
5 t 29.0m PH O PH 3 7 1 2 B R 3 I 2 3 LB G 6 The S 3 W a Field E 3 O House 6 G 6 O 1 R 2 3 D o 59.4m t 4 O L La Guerite 1 E 17.7m St Mark's Priory A a 3 Bank 9 N 2 G 2 2 b E 4 Bon-hommes E 25 b T N D Fn 3 ESS S (site of) 2 2 LA 3 Car Park G 3 Brandon Hill O 2 1 R 6 5a F t 2 7a 2 o l) 9 2 2 rch pe 9 hu ha 1 C C Posts Brunel House s 's 12.5m rk' or a ay 2 25.9m Fn t M M 1 S d Hall 31 r Lo JA b Bastion 27 he C c (T 1 O (remains of) 27 7 B 'S Works W E e TCBs L s L u S P EE 17.1m o R T H S l O N i A O 5 c D D 1 AN n Brandon R PH u House B o C Fn 1 e 46.3m h 2 T 1 T 1 P E t a E o th 9 2 R 0 3 C T to S College Green 5 O Brandon House D A L
L B O 1 r E a R n G Ponds d S Car Park o E n S E te G ps R O m E .0 G 1 8 5 2 T 18.9m Playground Pineapple S 7 Inn (PH) E D 7 A Fn 9 R A B P E S LL N E 1 E V E B 5 U U E 1 E Q e L 8 C s L O 4 u E T 1 o Statue V TA H LB 7.8m U G th 1 CE 1 E r R S o E w S 2 32.3m k C 2 Chy in Abbey E Dance Centre Gate N Oak ry W Cathedral Church of T 15 se Cottage Water Fort 7 ur 5 Y N The Holy and Undivided Trinity 1 (remains of) O D Abbey Gate 2 OA 0 R R House 2 27 21.6m ERY 727 b K AN a 7 P DE 1 L A s C Berwyn Ho e 3 8 rg Central Library Goldney E o 17.4m f E Ge t 56 Lodge SM o E St our 3 e C ol D 0 C 2 1 rg ho RA 6 2 S eo Sc PA to G 8 33 M St ary 'S 49 's N b Jacob's 4 rim E o t 1 3 35 P E c r 1 5 U u Court o a Q St e Ja o t s St George Place 38.1m 12.8m 1 Hous C odd 6 1 0 s 7 1 eorge' 159 1 o St Augustine's Abbey (remains of) t G 1t o 25 16.2m 6 to 7 El Sub Sta S 0 1 to 8 UARE The 2 30 2 16 SEQ Bristol e 35.7m t P Old Deanery llevu H G Be ge P A l tta o to s E ral Schoo Co e 6 athed ge 2 R 1 T C Sydney Lod u w L 27.4m t 16 3 e to T E L Villa Lan Cliftonwood s e t e End 1 o lds e r 2 I E O or World's W ' T M W Cottage s h 3 ds R C End it 1 I d s e 1 0 LB O 7 o s T H 4 1 15 d 1 House a PH to i d S r 1 N o 1 0 a t Tuns v d S Three 1 5 te d 315 a o B S 1 o 4 p 15.2m (PH) d 1 t 1 Avon s 9 1 D 1 M 9 T s 4 Cottage 510 t 4 A 11 R 3 o 0 1 to 1 S t L 1 711 E 3 1911 R 1 E 3 H 1 D Abbey 3 OA E 1 R T Woodwell P 25 E'S STREET House 15 Cottages 1 ORG ER COLLEGE W 5 GE LOW O ST L E C ENU PKCs EY V 0 r OAD o R AY A 2 11 NCHOR NH 1 - sb A ER 120 use H o y UT er H O 6 rt 1 S 12 Cha H 26 28 o 1 12 - 1 u 2 4 SM se Conservation Areas 0 El City of BristoI 3 Sub College Hotel 10 SM Harbours Sta 6 (FE) Edge A NCHOR ROAD 10 10.1m 9.4m 2 to 2 This map is reproduced from Ordnance survey8material with the permission of ordnance Survtey on behalf h E of the controller of Her MajesTty's fSrotantionery office OAD r ILN R X ate LIME K ©Crown Copyright. UnauthoriWsed reproduction infringes P 32 L 4 O Crown copyright an6d 3may lead tto civil proceedings. 3 L R e Bristol C3it8y Council. 10002D3406. 2010. IM d E E A C aysi RO KIL Gas Governor u A N L Q ELL 0 510 20 30 40 RO 58 TW AD N A 23 El N to O to 41 O 40 H Sub Sta E 10.1m 1 N to D Mete2r2s S 10-026 A O Capr W icorn R Place A Western Wharf Y Y ´ R R oint E Quay P F to 49 rd S 1 la A Millennium Square Bol rdyke Ma Floating Harbour G CLIFTON & HOTWELLS CONTENTSCharacter Appraisal
1. Introduction p. 1 2. Planning Policy Context p. 1 3. Location & setting p. 2 4. Summary of Character & Special Interest p. 4 5. Historic Development & Archaeology p. 5 6. Spatial Analysis 6.1 Routes & Spaces p. 13 6.2 views p. 17 6.3 Landmark Buildings p. 20 7. Character Analysis 7.1 Overview & Character Areas p. 22 7.1.1 Area 1 - Park Street & The Triangle p. 24 7.1.2 Area 2 - The Museum & University p. 27 7.1.3 Area 3 - St George’s & Berkeley Square p. 30 7.1.4 Area 4 - St George’s Road & Jacob’s Wells Road p. 33 7.1.5 Area 5 - Brandon Hill p. 36 7.2 Architecture p. 39 7.3 Architectural Details p. 40 7.4 Materials p. 42 7.5 Relative Merit of Unlisted Buildings p. 43 7.6 Townscape Details p. 45 7.7 Landscape & Trees p. 48 8. Typical land use & issues p. 50 9. Negative features p. 53 10. Management Proposals p. 56 11. Statement of Community Involvement p. 59 12. Local Guidance, Publications & Sources of Further Information p. 60 13. Glossary 13.1 Glossary of Architectural Terms p. 62 13.2 Glossary of Planning Policy Terms p. 65
7.i. CLIFTON & HOTWELLS MapsCharacter & Illustrations Appraisal
Maps Map 1 Park Street & Brandon Hill Conservation Area within its local context p. 3 Map 2 Approximate Building Ages p. 13 Map 3 Routes & Spaces in the Conservation Area p. 16 Map 4 Landmark Buildings p. 21 Map 5 Overview of Character Areas p. 23 Map 5a: Character Area 1 p. 24 Map 5b: Character Area 2 p. 27 Map 5c: Character Area 3 p. 30 Map 5d: Character Area 4 p. 33 Map 5e: Character Area 5 p. 36 Map 6 Relative Merit of Unlisted Buildings p. 43 Map 7 Predominant Land Use in the Conservation Area p. 53
Figures Figure 1 Queens Road buildings from Queens Row p. 4 Figure 2 Cabot Tower at the summit of Brandon Hill p. 4 Figure 3 Plan showing extent of Civil War defences in Brandon Hill p. 6 Figure 4 Roque’s Map, 1742 p. 7 Figure 5 Watercolour of Limekiln Dock T L Rowbotham, 1826 p. 7 Figure 6 Plumley & Ashmead’s Plan, 1828 p. 8 Figure 7 Watercolour of Bristol from Brandon Hill, S Anstie, 1817 p. 9 Figure 8 Park Street c. 1866 p. 9 Figure 9 First Edition Ordnance Survey, 1885 p. 10 Figure 10 Photograph of bomb damage to former Museum & Library p. 11 Figure 11 Photograph of bomb damage to upper Park Street p. 11 Figure 12 View up Park Street with Wills Memorial Tower at the summit p. 14 Figure 13 Queens Road (south) properties p. 14 Figure 14 Charlotte Street p. 15 Figure 15 Panoramic view southwards across Floating Harbour p. 17 Figure 16 Panoramic view southwest across Clifton Wood towards North Somerset p. 17 Figure 17 Long view southeast from Brandon Hill to the City Centre and beyond p. 18 Figure 18 Long view west from Brandon Hill to the Clifton Terraces and green p. 18 backdrop Figure 19 Local view along Rosebery Terrace to Queen Elizabeth’s Hospital p. 18 Figure 20 Glimpsed View down Bigwood Lane p. 19 Figure 21 Northeast side of Park Street p. 24 Figure 22 Park Street Viaduct viewed from Frogmore Street p. 25 Figure 23 Bristol Philosophical & Literary Institution p. 25
ii. Figure 24 Royal Parade p. 26 Figure 25 The Refectory p. 28 Figure 26 City Museum & Art Gallery p. 28 Figure 27 Modern University Gate building p. 28 Figure 28 Retained facade of former Coliseum p. 28 Figure 29 Great George Street p. 30 Figure 30 St George’s Church p. 31 Figure 31 Charlotte Street p. 31 Figure 32 View into Berkeley Square from Berkeley Avenue p. 31 Figure 33 Queen Elizabeth’s Hospital School p. 34 Figure 34 Rosebery Terrace looking towards Brandon Hill p. 34 Figure 35 Queens Parade p. 35 Figure 36 Group of Grade II listed buildings, St George’s Road p. 35 Figure 37 Drinking fountain Brandon Hill in a poor condition p. 37 Figure 38 Hill Fort remains p. 37 Figure 39 Path through Brandon Hill from Brandon Steep p. 37 Figure 40 Charlotte Street p. 39 Figure 41 Berkeley Crescent p. 39 Figure 42 Dutch gables, Great George Street p. 39 Figure 43 No. 31 Great George Street p. 39 Figure 44 Distinctive valley roof form, Rosebery Terrace p. 40 Figure 45 Chimney stacks and pots, Park Street p. 40 Figure 46 Typical Georgian window and door arrangement p. 40 Figure 47 Queens Parade door surround p. 41 Figure 48 Ornate canopied balcony, no. 9 Charlotte Street p. 41 Figure 49 Pennant kerb, steps and flags from Charlotte Street p. 45 Figure 50 Listed lamp standard and Georgian railings, no. 23 Charlotte Street p. 46 Figure 51 Late 19th century shopfront surround, Park Street p. 47 Figure 52 Hope & Anchor Public House p. 47 Figure 53 ‘Pride of India’ tree, Brandon Hill p. 48 Figure 54 Wildflower meadow, Brandon Hill p. 48 Figure 55 Mature trees in private garden off Brandon Steep p. 48
ix.iii. CLIFTONPARK STR &EET HOTWELLS & BRANDON HILL Character Appraisal
1. Introduction 2. Planning Policy Context
1.1 A Conservation Area is ‘an area of special 2.1 Planning Policy Statement 5 (March 2010) architectural or historic interest, the sets out the Government’s national policies character or appearance of which it is relating to the historic environment. This desirable to preserve or enhance’ (Planning document underpins the local planning (Listed Buildings & Conservation Areas) Act, policy framework and is the foundation upon 1990). which the local authority will assess schemes affecting the historic environment. 1.2 Since the designation of the first Conservation Areas in 1970, Bristol City Council has 2.2 In exercising its planning functions in a undertaken a comprehensive programme of Conservation Area, the local planning Conservation Area designation, extension authority is under a duty to pay “special and policy development. There are now attention to the desirability of preserving 33 Conservation Areas in Bristol, covering or enhancing the character or appearance” approximately 30% of the city. of the area (s.72 Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990). Bristol’s 1.3 The statutory framework places Bristol City Conservation Areas are the subject of Council under a duty of care to recognise policies in the Bristol Local Plan (1997). the significance of its built environment Once adopted, policies in the emerging Core and positively manage change within it. Strategy, and any future Development Plan The City Council is now underway with a Documents, will replace those in the Local comprehensive programme of producing a Plan. Character Appraisal for each Conservation Area. 2.3 The Core Strategy is a key document in the emerging Bristol Development Framework. 1.4 The Conservation Area Character Appraisals Once adopted the Core Strategy will become follow recent national guidance set out in the key over-arching policy document within English Heritage’s Guidance on Conservation the Bristol Development Framework. It will Area Appraisals (2006), which require detailed include a Core Policy on Conservation and the appraisals of each Conservation Area in the Historic Environment. form of formally approved and published documents. 2.4 Where sections within the Character Appraisal relate to policies from the Bristol Local Plan, 1.5 A character appraisal accounts for the need policy extracts are highlighted within blue to make informed decisions about the special boxes at the end of that section. For full interest of Conservation Areas and provides a policy wording, please refer to the Bristol point of reference for the planning authority, Local Plan (1997). developers and communities in managing change appropriately. The consultation 2.5 Park Street & Brandon Hill was designated and adoption process values the specialist as a Conservation Area on 19 February 1975. knowledge of local groups and is intended to Each adopted character appraisal will replace ensure that features that communities value the relevant Conservation Area Enhancement about a place, or feel are under threat, are Statement for that area. properly considered. 2.6 The Park Street & Brandon Hill Conservation 1.6 Once adopted a character appraisal provides Area Character Appraisal was adopted a tool for development management officers, by David Bishop, Strategic Director (City developers, residents and others to recognise Development) on 23 May 2011. the special interest of the area in order that it can be preserved or enhanced. 1.
PARK STREET & BRANDON HILL Character Appraisal 3.1 LOCAtion & setting and tranquil space to take in the views 3.1 Location & Context across the south of the city. Views into the 3.1.1 This Conservation Area lies immediately Conservation Area from these points are north of the Floating Harbour, towards also significant. the heart of Bristol, sandwiched between Clifton to the west, College Green to the 3.2.2 The eastern edge of the Conservation east, and Tyndall’s Park to the south west. Area looks up and down Park Street. Views down Park Street extend southeast towards 3.1.2 The built portion of the Conservation Area Redcliffe and Totterdown beyond. is on the east of Brandon Hill and focuses on Park Street, one of Bristol’s most well- 3.2.3 Immediately northeast of Jacob’s Wells known and used shopping streets. The is the suburb of Clifton; though built up, steep slope to the south side of Brandon quality views are towards the development Hill is characterised by the terraced 18th of crescents and terraces, punctuated by century residential townscape, crowned by mature trees and green spaces. the Wills Memorial Tower at the top, and giving way to the open space of College 3.2.4 The topography and landscape setting of Green at its foot. Park Street and Brandon Hill are important factors in its special interest. These 3.1.3 The majority of the western half of the allow extensive views into and out of the Conservation Area is taken up by Brandon Conservation Area and contribute to the Hill, a steeply climbing park landscape that sense of its prominence in the context of terminates at Cabot Tower, one of Bristol’s the city. most famous landmarks, marking one of the highest points in the city, some 30m 3.3 Geology above sea level. 3.3.1 The bedrock of the Conservation Area is a tough Quarzitic Sandstone, known also 3.1.4 The perimeter of the Conservation Area is as a millstone grit or Brandon Hill Grit. dictated partly by the proximity of other The present day topography is New Red Conservation Areas that abut it on all Sandstone (Trias) Period ‘ of 200 million sides. The Whiteladies Road Conservation years ago, when the older, exposed and Area lies to the north; the Clifton and eroded surface of carboniferous age Hotwells Conservation Area to the west, rocks were covered and buried under the Tyndall’s Park Conservation Area to the the windblown desert sands. Subsequent north east; the St Michael’s and Christmas erosion exposed the ancient desert of red Steps Conservation Area to the east; the sandy and muddy triassic rocks – hence College Green Conservation Area to the ‘Redland, and ‘Redcliffe’. south east and the City Docks Conservation Area to the south. 3.3.2 The Quartzitic Sandstone Group, are very tough, hard, splintery rocks. The conduits 3.2 Landscape Setting between the rocks are following fracture 3.2.1 The natural topography of the Conservation zone faults which could have been dug Area rapidly makes a 20 metre climb from into, with difficulty. The rocks can be its lowest point along St George’s Road up seen today as stone used for both Queen to the summit of Brandon Hill. Brandon Elizabeth’s Hospital School building, & the Hill is an important green space occupying boundary wall fronting Jacob’s Wells Road. the high ground overlooking the Cathedral and Canons Marsh. Its south-westerly Map 1: Park Street & Brandon Hill Conservation aspect and steep slopes make it a pleasant Area within its local context 2. S O D U A O T R H K L 1 8 R l E A to 1 1 is 8 r 8 I P B G 'S of tol 6 1 H BBC West Region L ity ris 6 L rs of B 1 A ve ty 2 R 6 3 ni si HQ D U ver 1 1 1 2 ni N 4 O N 6 U AS Y L H 4 gh A T 11 IL u o i D V o r t le 55.8m E 1 s N m h Chy 1 th s R 1 e lt 1 O u w 4 a o B e s e S e 2 S y M 1 O ' H or 4 b Stone 16 lic at 3 2a ub or 1 P ab Oakfield S 57.0m 2 4 L 8 w 35 73.8m 3 im 1 2 ta 2 m 2 b S 5 The 1 u i 3 S n Alfred El T g Stone E 1 Marshall D P Bldg OA E o R R o E LB Y T C OR S l LA 9 Bank 1 RI 1 1 L 2 P P 8 3 PH D 7 0 1 8 L 1 L 1 0 2 E IE 55.8m Park Street & Brandon Hill ConservatioK n Area W F R 1 A 0 H K 6 P A S 0 T Map 1: Park Street2 & Brandon Hill Conservation' University Lib rary Area O L U 21 1 AE 9 1 S 2 D H 6 O 0 1 8 C a S 2 u A 9 7 I 3 r 2 M 72.2m 4 g O 6 T 9 4 S e 2 9 4 R r 1 1 6 y 2 0 54.9m 2 4 1 D E 57.3m 1 9 0 9 2 A L 67.7m 1 O AD 2 1 A R 2 O 8 7 S R Southwell 1 a 1 L' D Y 6 U IOR House 1 In CoM ntext of Surrounding Areas 2 A R 5 8 P 2 P 8 L 7 1 T 72.2m 7 8 7 S E a S 4 1b U Local Context 1 to 7 3 a N ESS Bank 8 St Michael's 2 1 D 7 8 2 0 E 3 4 Hospital R El Sub Sta 8 6 2 1 S L lth E a t A a U 4 58.8m e N 2 S P N d H E 2 A a D n AV 2 L u 2 3 7 LB a L IL l 4 1 se L 's P 1 ci A 7 V L 0 r D 8 a 1 xe N N C 9 A ,E TY O h C The rt T u 7 po G r 1 E Hawthorns S IN c for University of Bristol L h e R ntr A 23 10 Ce 9 Senate 25 1 7 1 1 0 7 House 57.9m 2 0 2 LB El l0 9 Sub Sta 1 8 3 9 8 St Michael's 7 Senate 7 2 Hospital 46 House 6 7 6 1 E E 8 C 5 NU 2 1 LA E 9 6 V 4 1 P 8 The Hawthorns L A 1 L Club ND A 1 A D 3 L YN th) 1 R 4 T a 2 D 58.8m OAD (P W E ELTON R ane D A L e N ood 1 s 23 U O in H V tb S ob R R il o 1 1 65.8m 1 la u S s r 1 54.6m 68.0m 5 PH D Cn E 6 0 I e 2 A 2 h W D O e E D A s O R S A R t Victoria Rooms N 'S e T L TO L 4 r B 8 L 7 E E fi 1 U e O 5 T Victo A ld U I ria 1 LB 60.4m P T B R H Metho S u N dist Church 71.6m Manor House i W ld E (site of) S in P T 1 g L B s A r M i D C s Lodge I A C 1 to 73 E 3 to O l R H Queen's Court G 74.7m T A 57.9m r E a R L m O 4 2 Bristol F 'S 2 m L 6 90 A 1 0 92 Statue Grammar School a Y H to 11 r I 94 O L 88 Royal West of England S s R L in 1 c ta Academy h n o l ou o C 59.1m F l Posts 's Lodge rd E ka L n a 5 M Royal Fort T 3
D (site of) t Beacon House ar 57.0m A u St se L 70.7m u Gate House U o E H N E U R I EN V LB AV O E N'S Howard A R rt E D S o E G F 95 U House I al Q 0m r T y e 3. a Y Ro us 5 d o Statue 54.6m TCBs u W H a t A 3 e L 20 9 Edgecombe Hall S K 23 c h Q o U TYNDALL'S o 63.4m l E o E TCBs E f 8 S N I ' 6 Bank Embassy House PARK 4 n S 3 t O Thorton House R e L O 4 r 5 n C A 8 a 8 2 'S D t 4 io D 62.5m RICHMOND HILL ta n R 58.5m S a A 0a b 1 8 u 1 l K 0 l S 61.6m B N 8 E u A 1 Richmond Heights s T e 8 D in c A e la 1 15 2 1 O s P 7 9 3 7 s 1 - 12 14 - 16 0 R rk 52.7m t Y a o 8 P 7 IT 16 8 El Sub Sta E S l S R Pond 83 u E b V 9 56.7m S I o 5 8 t N t 1 1 a Manor 1 U 1 68 University of Bristol House 6 PH 8 FR 2 ED 2 9 to E 7 EL 71.0m RI M CK 3 R D P 7 4a 4 O A Hall LA A LE CE 5 CE Bank D LA CIifton Pavilion R P K P o W A a R y R 0 PA 7 a 1 O K 1 7 l 5 b 51.5m P 8 O L 0 r A 1 o D N 7 63.7m 7 m Royal Parade C E 7 L 1 e a K 4 k e n A th A r s a p o R Bruton d o l N a u e C s ic A 1 Place P o h t D k P u o to H li n rc c 54.3m R 9 7 h PW Ta D 3 1 O L Park H 1 6 A O P 9 4 Hotel D 7 E T 8 6
1 S 7 6 C 3 A E 65 P L Clifton A P W H Museum and R Heights 8 K P 4 1 E 8 E 1 6 Art Gallery L C PO Y m G T A 1 Bank I 4 5 L 4 . 7 N 6 3 S P 7 1 5 5 A 7 R D 6 I 50.6m L E A R 4 6 L 0 V O 1 3 I 7 T 2 2 E R St Michael on the Mount 4 R P 4 Triangle N O ro U C of E Primary School E -C Walk w L 4 e H a i D th 4 V T e r P E d 61.3m e A E 0 ra 5 w 1 C l R 1 4 o W L 4 T t A an 7 o K L e 47.9m 9 H 1 to 12 P 4 5 E IL Media House N 4 U L A 5 3 N I 2 E D 1 V I 7 A to 9 14 L R 15 A E C A IC M St Catherine's N D Tk 7 T E Court TRIANGLE SOUTH 48.2m 7 O M C Sta 51.2m Qu K ub een's Row 'S El S 5 a T C
4 4 7 3 h 2 L 6 3 Q e 1 U O 1 3 EEN M S 9 3735 'S R e B E 2 PH a35 33 O r u 1 y 29 AD c il 3 h d D 2 re 232 a in A 1 o Be 1a2 n g Lunsford House t k Summer rke 1 45.7m t s O is r Court Cre ley 15 V 5 R 9a 9 70.1m LB lt a scen to 1 e 1 Y u P 1 t 9 nt R M r 1 TCBs 13 u R a r 8 1 3 1 T e 9 E to 1 C W e 1 C 6 o B r P 5 t 9 s u g E 7 o 36.3m 7 5 o W o g O C 3 6 a R 3 d A 1 n K L 76 l y 9 U a AR U P 1 0 n S 3 9 n P iv 1 P 1 3 74 er d R 1 2 P N si E The Berkeley ty 9 W e a R 5 s E O 20 G O c E 8 e 8 a L R i a R 8 te l s g 5 C 2 E 8 43.3m 2 1 1 0 P B Y 6 e a 1 U A 8 1 r 5 t E B l 8 1 t L B 71.0m 9 E R E N 9 01 e o ta RK 23 E 1 v C K i P 55.8m E 2 P C A LE V 19 o L E p Y A C 1 N S The Old Coach House D e P L s Q 25 s c E o U Y 6 Theatre 6 O A 2 PH 2 a Y Y R 6 E 6 43.0m l E H E 0 R 2 L 3 P L P d 7 25 2 6 E E E 7 L l Y 2 41.5m r K e 1 8 K 41.1m 9 e A i B R E 2 e f B 2 T c R 8 C f E 9 R U v B E A RK H 58 44.5m u R E N la o U E E 30 5 C B 1 U LE E B E R N s E 5 P P D O 9 2 ' Y 31 R V PH AR LB 6 l Q K T 1 S A R 0 y P Q O 1 L U O o U E T W 0a l m 1 t r S A 12 1 il O R P R - E N s a A H 5 a T 0 i E E D g U h n r M Y N 7 R G E i 4 n 1 B E D 6 T The 1 L d t 48 TCB 24 E l 1 1 S e 1 i S L - tt A u e B K Red Lodge S t E y V B h A R e T o a 2 n T s T K Statue C 5 A o R N b 3 3 P t 1 R K 30 S E 1 1 7 A o n E I c E o - 5 M a ti A P T D J B G 7 I Va er a 7 A 4 le id e c A 3 R R H ia h u l) o n d I K E us T to N e 5 E s S 1 to 53 M f ri L 2 E 3 o A T 1 R l B R The Panoramic TCBs Meridian 1 o f N 1 A o o E E Mews U h y E 1 2 Q c it T Burial Ground S S rs 7 a e 1 2 Y te v Stone E a i 6 3 64.9m L u n 1 6 l E d U 9 a 8 ( 7 Multistorey a t K a 42.4m i r 41.5m 1 3 6 1 Lodge p R G a Car Park D E a6 6 s 7 t A B 9 7 o 4 o 3 6 Irving House
O T H 6 3 L E L R 0 E 5 6 I 's 4 R H S h T t S e PH N L s e ) 2 u e L l 1 E 6 O b T o s T E o H a T F u ) o Tank O s I z H ' s 56.4m L r o W i h 2 L l I e e c R L e C H E A 5 s S L 8 in ' S 1 H T u ( g R h n S E Manor B 6 C n E g o e T 2 E E i 3 7 h O FS R e o 9 War R to W E e e Hall s t 4 7 E T l u s E 3 O C C u 8 4 Meml l S S L e E A m A Q o 2 S L l 8 n H T Terry House L El D R J Brandon Hill 7 3 5 u E R o A y 4 5 Sub R t ( e 2 b A E l W T S e o 7 S E H T k t 2 5 e R E Sta C r 9 4 2 s ta E R E e 1 St George's u P T Unite House N B 8 6 o P S E U 1 41 5 H U R V o 0 lk T EE 5 t 5 o L 7 34.7m F Posts L C 10 E A 8 0 4 16.5m B R 1 ey 1 4 9 Folk R l T S 4 5 e e to House E k s E 9 t 6 7 36.3m r u 0 9 1 T 75.6m e 9 1 3 E G s 2 B o 8 R 51.2m e st 4 E H to 3 T 4 o P S o 4 29 P 0 U Path a 1 E rg 4 V t T e to E h 7 T ' 4 5 6 L 3 s 2 2 3 5 LO 4 C L Fort R 7 H o 50.6m E 65.2m (remains of) o lle B A 2 u g H 1 4 3 s e C 2 The 5 e 3 C 19 LB 9 Deanery 4 8 U St Brandon's Chapel 30.2m 3 L 1 7 V O 0 8 9 3 ILL 0 6 (site of) E R 1 H 1 4 TON 8 Posts 1 R C LRIF 4 Unite House TCBs H 7 OWCE 2 S A 1 L G T O R s R D
R e 3 E t 1 M 2 S 3 u Cabot Culver House e A 6 s E h 8 E S s 2 V 5 2 4 1 I T c 1 2 Tower 5 H t o E T L C a ) t N E 3 A 5 H I H 0 2 a R a L H U E 4 9 2 3 N A 5 5 L e R 2 o 2 2 P m E E 5 h ( J R S 8 7 6 T 2 s 1 T . 9 O L 2 Harford 4 S a e 7 T 1 1 O R 3 P 1T House D a b 5 re H 72.2m T 3 A E R 4 2 c e E 8 Georgian A 2 h A N T E T R E 1 ec r E 9 C RD H e y House T K T E C a B C B e S en T S S N R 5 D A P O 2 O k e T E M 4 1 a T 9 O O R o R H r r d R 36.9m R c 1 n 3 A R r P n E 8 O o h od R d 47.9m 1 E o a o 1 1 R C u a 5 M w 9 a E 7 s 1 c P o 7 E K s B le ' t G H r 2 p S t T d a e h T t T 0 e r M PCs 1 o O A 1 A S 1 a T E R V O E 5 3 F R n E E 1 1 D 1 U R 1 d 5 R T T 8 PH 2 L o t S o R H 1 9 9 A n E 1 N 1 6 2 4 A G 1
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B 1 5 7 1 E Protheroes House 0 2 R G t P T E LB o a 9 o 9 S N Brandon Hill a I 8 3 r 3 Y A 1 d 6 1 V k T L 3 2 r o 1 i S I 1 u t a S 8 s t 3 N ' 0 Statue 0 Dean's Court 7 d r U T h 5 D u e N A c e 4 U 5 t t 29.0m PH O PH A 3 7 1 D 2 B R E G 3 I 2 1 3 LB G N
6 The S 2 6 3 M a Field W E A 3 O House 6 G R 6 O 1 R K Hippodrome 2 3 D 59.4m to O S 4 L T A a La Guerite 1 E 17.7m Bank St Mark's Priory R 9 N 3 G 2 E 2 b 2 4 Bon-hommes E E 5 b T E T D Fn 2 3 ESS S N (site of) 2 2 A 3 L l) Car Park G h e 3 Brandon Hill O 2 c ap 1 R 6 r h t a F u C r a 5 to h u 2 7 2 C 's o 9 2 2 's r C 34.4m 9 k yo ar a ry 11 1 M t 1 M n Posts Brunel House t d a S or h 12.5m L C 2 e 1 25.9m Fn h (T CO Hall 31 NSTITUTION HILL b 9 JA Bastion 27 C c 3 29 1 O (remains of) 7 0 7 2 PH 21 B 3 17 'S 1 MA Works W a RK 31 L E e C AN TCBs L s o E L u l S P C leg 6 El EE 17.1m o O e R T H L H S L o Sub Sta O l u N 5 i E s A O 1 c G e 1 H 2 D D E 1 N n 0 A 1 i B Brandon PH u G 8 l R . l B R 0 s e House o E m i l C E d l e N e Fn v 1 e 37 u 46.3m 2 h 1 T e T E 38 1 P 40 1 C a E a41a to t o h 2 R u 9 0 C T r 3 to S College Green 1 t 5 O 9 0 Brandon House D A L
L 8 1 B O r E a R Ponds nd Car Park G 8 o S 5 n E 3 S E 50.3m 6 te G D p R OA s R O TH m E R .0 G Statue O 1 8 W 5 2 T (Queen Victoria) NT 18.9m Playground Pineapple S LE G 7 Inn 1 3 (PH) 17.1m 45.7m E 4 D 1 7 A Fn 9 R 1 A 1 B P E S LL N T E r 1 E i V E n B 5 U i U t E E e y 1 Q s L 8 C u S Hotel L O 4 o 4 E T 1 t 6 V T H LB Statue r 2 A 8m e C U h 17. G e L CE 1 t E r t IF R S o T E w S k O 22 32.3m C Chy in Abbey N E Dance Centre Gate W N Oak ry W Cathedral Church of T 15 e CATHEDRAL O Cottage Water Fort 7 urs O 5 Y N The Holy and Undivided Trinity SQUARE 2 1 (remains of) O D Abbey Gate D 1 C 2 OA 0 R R House R l 27 RY i 2 2 b K 21.6m NE O 1 ft 7 7 EA C o a 7 P D A to o n 1 L D 7 u W A s 52.4m r 3 C Berwyn Ho ge Central Library t o Goldney 8 or 17.4m 8 o E E Ge 1 d 5 Lodge of t rt 1 to 6 E S ou KEY 2 3 SM C l D C 1 e o 0 1 2 org ho RA 6 4 S S 2 S Ge Sc PA to 8 o h 33 M St ry 'S 49 's a 4 u a N b Jacob's 1 t m im E o t h V 3 3 r E c r Court 1 5 5 P U a u o H e il r a Q St e J o t s St George Place l o 38.1m 1 ous C dd r a 6 1 12.8m H o o n c 1 0 rge's 7 59 eo 1 u h k 1 o St Augustine's Abbey (remains of) t G 1t 2 s a o 25 16.2m 0 e y 6 to 7 Conservation Areas El Sub Sta S 0 1 to 8 UARE The 2 30 2 16 SEQ Bristol e 35.7m t P Old Deanery llevu H G Be ge P A hool otta o to s E athedral Sc C e 6 R C 2 dge 2 1 T L Sydney Lo u 3 w 7 27.4m t 16 e to T E L Villa Lan Cliftonwood s e t e End o E rlds e r 2 1 I O o World's T M W Cottage W ' h s 3 ds R C End it 1 1 I od s e 0 LB O 7 s T 3 4 1 15 d 1 H PH to i d House a S 1 1 N 1 0 2 a rt o v d 8 S Three Tuns Locality 5 1 5 o te d 31 a B S 1 o 4 p d 1 1 Avon s 15.2m (PH) 1 D t 1 M T 9 9 s 4 47.2m Cottage 510 t 4 A 11 R 3 S o 0 1 to 1 t L 9.1m 1 711 E 3 911 R 1 1 E
3 H 1 D Abbey AY 1 3 OA E R T NH Woodwell P 'S EET House R 25 E GE STR W HE 15 Cottages 1 ORG OWER COLLE UT 5 GE L O Park Street and Brandon Hill 6 O ST L S NUE C VE 0 r ROAD Posts A o AY 2 11 NCHOR Aquarium NH 1 - s A ER 120 use b 28 UTH r Ho y O 6 rte 1 AT BRISTOL S 12 Cha H
6 o 11 25 2 28 1 12 u 2 - 14 M s City Docks Chy S e nt 4 El Ci sce 2 30 ty of BristoI Colle Hotel 7 Cre Sub ge 10 hay SM Harbours Sta 6 (F ern Edge E) outh AN S 0 CHOR ROAD 1 10.1m 41.1m 19 9.4m Clifton Anc 5 22 hor Lan 1 8 to e
e t E Th ron D X terf LIME KILN ROA Wa P Anchor Square 32 L 4 O 6 3 College Green 3 R 38 LIM e D E ysid OA E K Gas Governor C a R IL A Qu LL N R L E O N A 19 58 TW AD 23 El N to O to 41 O Tourist Information Centre 40 H Sub Sta E 10.1m 1 N to D 22 A S O Ca W St. Michael's Hill and Christmas Steps 80 pric R - orn 0 Pla A 6 ce Y 28 dge Western Wh Y to E arf R 1 ng adi R e E Point e L Quay Th F 49 rd S 1 to la ke A Millennium Square Bol rdy 2 a Floating Harbour G Tyndall's Park 8 M D Anchor Point 84 A O R
Y 4m R 10. Chy E E NADE F OME Millennium Square DW CANON'S NNIUM PR WhiteladieE s Road S MILLE
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3. CLIFTONPARK STR &EET HOTWELLS & BRANDON HILL Character Appraisal
4. SUMMARy of character & 4.4 The verdant character of the Conservation SPecial interest Area as a whole is significant, contributed to by the vast informal open space of Brandon Hill; the planned enclosed spaces of Berkeley 4.1 The character of Park Street & Brandon Hill Square, Byron Place and Berkeley Crescent, Conservation Area can broadly be defined and St George’s Churchyard; and the private in two parts: by its planned urban streets, green spaces of rear gardens. dominated by high-quality townscape; and by its spacious and verdant character, which 4.5 The local topography, (which rises from Brandon Hill is central to. Over-arching these approx. 8m at its lowest point, up to 30m at two elements is a dramatic local topography, its summit) has played a significant part in that marks the Conservation Area as one of shaping the development and land use of the Bristol’s most well-known and interesting area. It also contributes to the quantity and districts. quality of views and panoramas that extend out of and into the Conservation Area. 4.2 Of special interest in the urban parts of the Conservation Area is the high quality of its buildings, many of which are listed. There is also a high concentration of Bristol’s most renowned civic buildings and institutions. These famous landmark buildings sit within a context of Classical Georgian and Victorian terraces, which to a large extent, have retained the traditional urban grain and architectural integrity.
Figure 2: Cabot Tower at the summit of Brandon Hill
4.6 Brandon Hill itself is one of the Bristol’s most prominent landscape features, further emphasised by Cabot Tower at its summit. The park is significant for its biodiversity Figure 1: Queens Road buildings from value; its quality as a public green space Queens Row in the heart of the city; the views that 4.3 Important terraces, such as those in extend out from it; and for its historic and Charlotte Street and Berkeley Square, and archaeological interest. individual houses such as the Georgian House in Great George Street make huge contributions, not only to the Conservation Area but the whole city. Park Street is very important for its streetscape vista leading the eye up to the Wills Memorial Building, and leading shoppers to its many independent and individualised retail outlets.
4. PARK STREET & BRANDON HILL Character Appraisal 5. Historic development & 5.5 There are few archaeological traces of the archaeology period in this area. It is known that there was a Jewish Cemetery prior to 1290 on the west side of Brandon Hill, and when 5.1 Gaining an understanding and appreciation the Cabot Tower was being constructed for the historic development of an area can on the top of the hill it is said that the be critical in establishing its significance. remains of the medieval St Brandon’s Marking key periods in a locality’s history, Chapel were uncovered. St Brendan the Irish and highlighting the survival of historic missionary was a patron of sailors because buildings, streets, layouts or events, can of the popular mediaeval legend of his sea help determine the form of the Conservation journeys, the Navigatio Sancti Brendani. Area and any features that are worthy of protection. 5.6 The only named streets that we know of from the medieval era in this area were The Medieval Period Froggemere Street (later Frog Lane, now 5.2 The earliest evidence of the town of Bristol Frogmore Street), a damp thoroughfare on dates back to the 10th century, a date the east side, and to the north of this there supported by the discovery of an early 11th was Stanley Way, on the line of the later Park century coin that was minted within the Row. However, Jacob’s Wells Road seems to town. By this stage there were a number of have originated at an early date as a way of settlements including Billeswick, the area circumnavigating Brandon Hill on the western where College Green and Brandon Hill are side. now located. The name Billeswick suggests a concentration on stock rearing and pasture, 5.7 The end of the 12th century also saw the an indication that during the Saxon period development of the Jewish Cemetery on land the area was agricultural in character. on the north west of Brandon Hill rented from St Augustine’s Abbey by the Jewish 5.3 In 1174, the area which is now known as Community. It remained under their care Brandon Hill was granted to the Corporation until the Jews were expelled from England at of Bristol by Robert Earl of Gloucester and the end of the 13th century and the land was became one of the country’s earliest public again rented out. This site became known as parks. It is likely that the canons of the the ‘Jews Acre’ and was where the current Augustinian Abbey nearby would have grazed QEH school is situated. cattle and sheep on Brandon Hill, a practice that continued into the early 19th century. 5.8 Jacob’s Wells Road, previously Woodwell The citizens of Bristol also had the right to Lane, Bristol’s earliest charters record the dry clothes and beat rugs and carpets on the name as ‘Woodwill Lake’ or ‘Sandbrook’. hill between the hours of 6am and 9pm. This name featured in the perambulation of the town Bristol’s Royal Charter, 1373. 5.4 Historically, the area was significant as the Sandbrook ran down a steep sided wooded source of important water supplies: one valley, ending in a small Pill or Creek on the conduit from the east side of Brandon Hill River Avon, formed since the Trias Period. By supplied the Carmelite Friary and another this time ‘Wodewelle Street’, was recorded conduit from the west side of Brandon Hill as having nine shops on it. supplied the Augustinian Abbey (now Bristol Cathedral).
5. 16th & 17th Centuries
5.9 The 16th and 17th centuries saw significant the Parliamentary garrison to defend Bristol changes to Brandon Hill. The dissolution of against the advancing Royalist army under the monasteries (1536) and the subsequent Prince Rupert. There was a defensive line changes in land ownership in the area around running roughly north south from the top College Green led to plots of land being used of Brandon Hill down to the ‘Water Fort’ for housing developments. During the 1560s which defended the crucial water conduits. a windmill was erected on Brandon Hill, The Royalists attacked on 23 July 1643, and possibly on the site where the 12th century St although the Brandon Hill fort held firm, the Brandon’s Chapel had stood. Parliamentary line was broken to the north and the city rapidly overrun. Substantial 5.10 The Civil War (1642-46) left a significant mounds and banks remain from the fort at impact on Brandon Hill in the form of places on the flanks of the hill. hastily built fortifications constructed by Figure 3: Plan showing extent of Civil War defences in Brandon Hill, now a Scheduled Ancient Monument (©BCC)
6. 18th Century
Figure 4: Roque’s Map, 1742 (©BCC)
5.11 John Roque’s Plan illustrates how by the mid 17th century, development was limited to the southern fringes of Lime Kiln Lane (now St George’s Road) and Jacob’s Wells Road. Dwellings here were likely low-status, linked to the Lime Kiln and Dock. Limekiln Lane probably dates back to the late 17th century. The limekilns themselves would have dated from earlier date, possibly the mid-1600s.
5.12 It was the increasing popularity of the nearby Hotwell Spa that was to impact on Figure 5: Watercolour of Limekiln Dock with the development of the Brandon Hill area. Brandon Hill behind, T L Rowbotham, 1826 A theatre ‘The Playhouse’ opened in Jacob’s (©City Museum & Art Gallery) Wells Road, in 1729. Designed to cater for those using the Spa’ facilities, the theatre remained in operation until the mid 1760s. However it was the speculative building of the mid 18th century that was to have the most significant impact on the area. 7. 5.13 Bristol’s earliest planned suburb was 5.15 The southern fringes of Brandon Hill started laid out at this period, incorporating to be developed by the late 18th century. Enlightenment values of order, rationality Queens Parade focuses on a composed and eye-catching views. Many of the terrace of 14 houses constructed in 1794. Conservation Area’s principal streets, with Other buildings in the street include the their elegant terraces and villas, were built ‘Gotick’ style Brandon Cottage, which at this time. became home to the Bristol Savages in the late 19th century, and the late 18th century 5.14 Park Street was laid out over Bullock’s Brandon House. Park in 1758 by George Tully, as a purely residential street. William Paty built 5.16 St George’s Church built between 1821 and detached houses in Great George Street 1823 by Sir Robert Smirke in a Greek Revival from 1788 to 1791, among them the style was a “Commissioners church”— Georgian House, now a museum. Together and the only one in Bristol to receive with his son Thomas, he also laid out government money from the first grant Berkeley Square c. 1790, and Charlotte under the Church Building Act of 1818. Street (begun 1787, completed c1800). Figure 6: Plumley & Ashmead’s Plan, 1828 (© BCC Historic Environment Record)
8. 5.19 Brunel House, designed by R. S. Pope, was built as the Royal Western Hotel in the late 1830s, the first hotel built especially for railway passengers. Isambard Kingdom Brunel planned a terminus for his Great Western Railway north of the cathedral close, convenient for the docks. Passengers from London could stay in the Royal Western Hotel before embarking on the Great Western for America. In the event the station was built elsewhere, and the hotel closed in 1855 and became a Turkish Bath. Figure 7: Watercolour of Bristol from Brandon Hill, S Anstie, 1817(©City Museum & Art Gallery) 5.20 To the rear of Brunel House is a high retaining wall with arched openings, with Victorian & Edwardian Period a modern bronze sculpture of a horse and 5.17 The Victorian era saw an increase in man. The area where this sculpture stands civic improvement, as well as industrial was originally the Bazaar Ride of the 1837 and commercial enterprise. 19th century Royal Western Hotel, constructed to allow development in Park Street & Brandon coaches and carriages to discharge their Hill centred mainly on the introduction of passengers under cover. It later became the commercial, institutional and civic buildings Horse Bazaar where horses were sold. and on the improvement of public spaces. 5.21 The Royal Promenade/Parade, a composed 5.18 Throughout the 19th century, Park Street terrace of 11 shops by Foster and Wood, underwent a transformation from a was constructed in the late 1850s and early residential to a shopping street as the 1860s. original railed frontages were gradually removed and shopfronts were inserted. 5.22 The Park Street Viaduct was designed by R.S. Pope. The reason for its construction was that the gradient of the hill on which Park Street was built was very steep, 1 in 12, and horse-drawn carriages and carts struggled to climb it. Although unpopular with the residents of Frogmore Street who felt that they would be ‘bridged out of existence’, construction work began and the viaduct was opened in 1871.
5.23 The Queen Elizabeth’s Hospital School in Berkeley Place dates back to the 1840s and is the work of Thomas Foster and Son. The school itself was established in the late 16th century after the Bristol soap merchant, Figure 8: Park Street c. 1866 ground floor John Carr, left provision for it in his will. shopfronts gradually replacing original residential frontages (© Reece Winstone Collection)
9. Figure 9: First Edition Ordnance Survey, 1885 (© Crown Copyright & Landmark Information Group Ltd)
10. 5.24 The Victorians also adapted Brandon Hill, formalising the space with the addition of walls and walks, laid out in 1845. Russian guns, captured from the Crimean War were ceremonially placed at the top of the hill in 1857. In 1897 Cabot Tower was constructed to commemorate the 400th anniversary of John Cabot’s voyage to America. The Wills Memorial Tower was built from 1903.
5.25 The Museum and Art Gallery’s origins lie in the foundation, in 1823, of the Bristol Institution for the Advancement of Science and Art, sharing brand-new premises at the Figure 10: Photograph of bomb damage to bottom of Park Street with the slightly older former Museum & Library (© City Museum & Art Bristol Literary and Philosophical Society. Gallery) In 1871 the Bristol Institution merged with the Bristol Library Society and in 1872 a new combined museum and library building in Venetian Gothic style was opened at the top of Park Street, designed by Foster and Ponton and constructed from 1867-72. The current Museum and Art Gallery 1900-1905 building on Queens Road was purely the City Art Gallery until 1940.
5.26 The entire site fronting the north side of Park Row (now University Gate) was developed as the Coliseum in 1910, Figure 11: Photograph of bomb damage the building was used as a skating rink, to upper Park Street (© City Museum & Art exhibition hall, dance hall, and even for the Gallery) manufacture of aircraft. The wedge-shaped end opened in 1912 as a picture house. 5.29 Over half the shops and buildings on Park Street were damaged or destroyed by Post-WW2 to Present Day bombing. They were rebuilt during the 5.27 Enemy action on 12 April 1941, caused much 1950s and then City Architect Nelson damage to the area. The former Museum Meredith ensured they were designed in a and Library (now Browns Restaurant) was sympathetic and similar style, so the skyline gutted and the remaining collections were and character remained fairly unchanged. then transferred to the Art Gallery site. The exterior of the building remained intact and 5.30 In the Triangle rebuilding was not so it was mainly the interiors and roof which sensitive and the results can still be seen received damage during the bombing. today. Fortunately not too many brutally modernist buildings were intruded into 5.28 The majority of the Coliseum was the area in the sixties, although one made destroyed, only the eastern end containing it into Berkeley Square. Traffic engineers the garage and old cinema survived. made more impact particularly around the Triangle, with a huge concrete car park marring the view out of Upper Berkeley Place, but the main vista of Park Street survived intact by a miracle. 11. 5.31 A water and rock garden was added to Brandon Hill Park in 1936-37, and in 1949-50 Relevant Policy References (extract) a heather garden was laid out at the base of Cabot Tower. National Guidance
5.32 The statue in the centre of Berkeley Square Planning Policy Statement 5: gardens is a replica of the Bristol Civic Planning for the Historic Environment Cross which was erected in the city in 1373 honouring various British monarchs, Policy HE9.1 ‘There should be a and moved to College Green in 1733. The presumption in favour of the conservation current statue, which was originally sited on of designated heritage assets and the more College Green, was designed by John Norton significant the designated heritage asset, in 1851 and removed in the late 1940s. The the greater the presumption in favour Bristol Civic Society purchased the remains of its conservation should be. Once lost, in 1950 and re-erected the truncated heritage assets cannot be replaced and remains seen today in Berkeley Square. their loss has a cultural, environmental, economic and social impact. Significance 5.33 Since the 1970s, the area has seen a shift can be harmed or lost through alteration in land uses. Many of the single dwellings or destruction of the heritage asset or have been converted into flats and bedsits. development within its setting. Loss There has also been an increase in the affecting any designated heritage asset office uses and student dwellings within the should require clear and convincing area. These include: no. 31 Great George justification.’ Street, Deans Court, Winkworth House, Local Policy Jacob’s Court and University Gate. Bristol City Council’s Planning Department is now Bristol Local Plan Policy B13: housed in Brunel House, which was largely ‘Development should preserve Listed demolished and rebuilt in the mid 1980s; Buildings, their features and settings, only the front facade remains. and preserve or enhance the character or appearance of the city’s designated 5.34 Park Street and Brandon Hill was designated Conservation Areas... Development which as a Conservation Area in February 1975 conflicts with these objectives will not be permitted.’
Map 2: Park Street & Brandon Hill Approximate Bristol Local Plan Policy B22 (I-II) Building Ages (I) ‘There will be a presumption in favour of preserving any archaeological features or sites of national importance, whether scheduled or not.’
(II) ‘Development which could adversely affect sites, structures, landscapes or buildings of archaeological interest and their settings will require an assessment of the archaeological resource through a desk-top study, and where appropriate a field evaluation...’
12. Map 2: Park Street & Brandon Hill Conservation Area Approximate Building Ages
13. PARK STREET & BRANDON HILL Character Appraisal 6. SPAtial analysis 6.1.4 St George’s Road takes a more ambling 6.1 Routes & Spaces route, following its medieval origins. The 6.1.1 The historic street layout and the eastern end is dominated by large buildings relationship of built form to open space on substantial plots, which also directly define the framework of an area. The address the pavement. After Brandon traditional pattern of development, front Steep, plot sizes start to diminish to a and rear building lines, planned open more residential scale (with the exception spaces, enclosed open spaces, street layout, of Winkworth House, which has a raised and plot sizes should be respected and used pavement above an underground carpark). to dictate the scale and level of enclosure West of York Place, the traditional narrow or openness appropriate to the Conservation plots are interrupted by Jacob’s Court, Area. before rounding the corner into Jacob’s Wells Road. 6.1.2 The Conservation Area is encircled by Primary Routes: Jacob’s Wells Road to the 6.1.5 Jacob’s Wells Road is largely dominated by west; Queens Road/Park Row the north; high retaining walls, screening Brandon Hill Park Road to the east; and St George’s Road and the Queen Elizabeth Hospital School. to the south. As a result, a high proportion Between these is a short stretch of modest of the area’s traffic, trade and institutions Victorian terraces, and the intimate John are concentrated along these main Carrs Terrace behind. The small scale and thoroughfares. narrow plots of these terraces add a human scale to this major traffic route. 6.1.3 Park Street is one of the City’s most memorable and iconic streets, as well 6.1.6 Park Row is an ancient thoroughfare as a major traffic and pubic transport originally linking the Saxon settlements thoroughfare. There is a strong building line of Bristol and Clifton. Queens Road and climbing the hill, with properties directly Park Row tend to have narrow plots and addressing the pavement edge, leading continuous terraces on their southern sides, the eye to the Wills Memorial tower at the which directly address the pavement edge. summit. Notably the group on the south side of Queens Road are either low-rise, just one or two storeys - this allows clear views to the red brick elevations of Berkeley Crescent behind.
Figure 13: Queens Road (south) properties Figure 12: View up Park Street with Wills are low-rise allowing views to Berkeley Memorial Tower at the summit. There is a Crescent properties beyond strong building line as properties directly address the pavement’s edge
14. 6.1.7 The northern side of Queens Road is Hill. Other intimate routes are backland dominated by the group of vast civic mews-like areas of (e.g Upper Byron buildings and the canopied Royal Place), which have a subsidiary scale and Promenade. The Wills building, Art Gallery character. The Bristol Nuffield Hospital has and Browns restaurant are distinguished blighted the mews-like character on the by being set back from the main street west side of Upper Byron Place, making the frontage. relative small scale and modest character of buildings on the east more critical. 6.1.8 Secondary routes mainly extend east and west from Park Street and Queens 6.1.12 Brandon Hill functions as the largest open Road, where the volume of vehicular and space and most dominant topographical pedestrian traffic noticeably diminishes and feature, both in the Conservation Area the formal quality of the planned Georgian and in the wider city context. This historic terraces dominates. park, the oldest public park in the country, is protected by Policy NE9 of the adopted 6.1.9 The Georgian and Victorian terraces of Bristol Local Plan, and will continue to Charlotte Street, Berkeley Square, Berkeley be protected in the emerging Bristol Crescent, and Upper Berkeley Place Development Framework. Other important have a very formal character, reflecting open spaces are the formal planned their origins as speculatively planned Georgian squares at Berkeley Square (in developments. There is a strong building private ownership), Berkeley Crescent, line; raised pavements and area railings and Upper Berkeley Place. These are also set the frontages apart from the roads, protected by Policy NE9. contributing to fine views and a more intimate character. 6.1.13 The University of Bristol owns and maintains a number of important open spaces including the area in front of the Wills Memorial Building and the hard landscaped area between the Wills building and the Merchant Venturers Building.
Map 3 shows the Routes & Spaces in the Conservation Area
Relevant Policy References (extract)
Figure 14: Charlotte Street Bristol Local Plan Policy B15: (I) ‘Townscape and landscape features that 6.1.10 Intimate Routes and the network footpaths contribute to the character or appearance of that permeate the Conservation Area streets and open spaces within Conservation Areas contribute greatly its charm and character should be preserved or enhanced.’ many are Medieval in origin. These include the footpath running across the southeast/ (II) Development will not be permitted where it southwest portion of Brandon Hill, which would unacceptably harm landscapes, open spaces leads from ‘Frog Lane’ (Frogmore Street), and gardens that contribute to the character of the up Brandon Steep to Jacob’s Wells Road area. and Clifton beyond. (III) The introduction of car parking into areas 6.1.11 Queen’s Parade has buildings on its historically used as gardens and forecourts will not be permitted where it erodes either the character southern edge (with the exception of of the street and/or the setting of historic St George’s C of E), which are formal buildings. Classical terraces looking on to Brandon 15. Map 3: Park Street & Brandon Hill Conservation Area Routes & Spaces
Key Primary Route (Major heavily trafficked roads that link the area with surrounding districts)
Secondary Route (Roads used more by local traffic, creating links within the area) Intimate Route (Minor routes used for access, carrying little or no traffic e.g cul- de-sacs) Footpath Natural Open Space Formal Open Space Recreation Space Conservation Area Boundary 16. PARK STREET & BRANDON HILL Character Appraisal
6.2 Views 6.2.3 Panoramic Views tend to be enjoyed from 6.2.1 Based in a valley at the lowest point of the top of Brandon Hill, around Cabot the Rivers Frome and Avon, Bristol grew Tower, and from the top of Park Street. to the north up the steep slopes of the Despite being one of the UK’s largest escarpments of Kingsdown, Clifton and cities, Bristol is fortunate that it has Brandon, and in the south up the slopes retained a visual link between its central of Bedminster, Easton and Windmill Hill. area and the countryside to the south and We have thus inherited a city which is west of the city. Brandon Hill provides strongly shaped by its topography, and important views to the countryside of the enjoy the varied views and vistas that this Mendip and Bath hills. affords. The spectacular city-wide views enjoyed from the Park Street & Brandon Hill Conservation Area are fundamental to its special interest. For the purpose of Character Appraisals, four types of views have been identified:
Panoramic Views – are wide-reaching views that extend across the city and beyond.
Long Views – are long-distance views across the City, to key features or landmark buildings. Views both into and out of the Conservation Area fall Figure 15: Panoramic view southwards within this category. across Floating Harbour, Southville, and Bedminster Down towards the Dundry Hills Local Views - tend to be shorter and confined to a specific locality such as within the Conservation Area. They include views to skylines, local landmarks, attractive groups of buildings, views into open spaces, and squares, and along streets.
Glimpses – allow intriguing glances along intimate routes or into spaces. They make an important contribution to local character.
6.2.2 The variety and quality of views in Park Street and Brandon Hill are critical Figure 16: Panoramic view southwest across components of the area’s special interest. Clifton Wood towards North Somerset The Conservation Area’s elevated position on the escarpment that rises high above 6.2.4 Long views are the main distant views sea level affords it exceptional views of the steep rising landscape of the across the City and beyond, while local Conservation Area from within the city as and glimpsed views lead towards key well as out to it. This include views to the landmarks or townscape features. city centre at the foot of Park Street, the Harbourside area, the Clifton terraces, and University buildings of Tyndall’s Park.
17. 6.2.5 From within the Conservation Area, Long 6.2.8 Local views are numerous, many of the Views are enjoyed to a number of Bristol’s key local views include views along streets landmarks, including Bristol Cathedral, where the siting, height and mass of St Mary Redcliffe Church, and the SSGreat the buildings channel views to specific Britain. Other important long views are buildings or groups of buildings. The layout to the slopes and terraces of Clifton and of Park Street and Queens Road means Clifton Wood to the west of Brandon Hill, that lead views towards the Victoria Rooms towards the south-east of Bristol from from the Triangle and to the Wills Memorial Park Street, and across Harbourside from Tower. Jacob’s Wells Road.
Figure 17: Long view southeast from Brandon Hill to the City Centre and beyond Figure 19: Local view along Rosebery Terrace 6.2.6 Brandon Hill, with Cabot Tower at its to Queen Elizabeth’s Hospital summit, and the Wills Memorial Tower are significant features picked out in many 6.2.9 Views down streets off these main views into the Conservation Area. Views thoroughfares are also significant. The to these landmarks are clear from the layout of Berkeley Crescent, Berkeley City Docks, Victoria Park, Perrett’s Park, Square, Charlotte Street and Great George Southville, Totterdown and Wells Road, Street allows clear views to run along Bedminster Down and Knowle. the terraces. Views of rear elevations are equally important, especially views 6.2.7 Long views into and out of the from the public realm into green spaces, Conservation Area are particularly or views to building elevations, e.g the threatened by any new developments and Berkeley Crescent elevations viewed above large roof forms that interrupt these views Queens Road properties. in or out, or that will obscure the famous Bristol landmarks. 6.2.10 Glimpses are common throughout the Conservation Area and add greatly to its special interest. Many are via the gaps between terraces and along local footpaths. These include views to private gardens along the rear building line which carry the eye along and across the gardens to include glimpses of rear elevations or more distant glimpsed views that include both front and rear elevations, the roofscape, and landscape beyond. Figure 18: Long view west from Brandon Hill to the Clifton Terraces and green backdrop 18. CLIFTON & HOTWELLS Character Appraisal
Figure 20: Glimpsed View down Bigwood Lane to the roof of Council House and the city centre beyond 6.2.11 Preserving the setting and views out from, as well as views into the Conservation Area, is vital in protecting its character and significance.
19. PARK STREET & BRANDON HILL Character Appraisal
6.3 Landmark Buildings Landmark Buildings are identified at Map 4 6.3.1 Landmarks are buildings or structures that due to their height, location or detailed design stand out from their background. They contribute to the character and Relevant Policy References (extract) townscape of the area and provide navigation or focal points or key elements Bristol Local Plan in views. There are three categories of Policy B2 (I – IV) landmarks in Park Street & Brandon Hills: ‘Development should be designed with landmark buildings, community landmarks regard to the local context. Proposals and historic landmarks. which would cause unacceptable harm to the character and/or appearance of an 6.3.2 Landmark Buildings are larger, more area, or to the visual impact of historic conspicuous buildings that stand out due buildings, views or landmarks, will not be to their scale, prominent location, specific permitted. In determining applications function or architectural style. These are: account will be taken of the following:- • Cabot Tower • Wills Memorial Tower (i) The existing landforms and natural • St George’s Church features; • Queen Elizabeth’s Hospital School • Brunel House, St George’s Road (ii) The scale and proportion of existing buildings, building line and heights within • The Mauretania, Park Street the street scene; • Masonic Hall, Park Street • City Museum & Art Gallery (iii) The detailed design of existing • Park Street Viaduct buildings where ancillary buildings, extensions and alterations are proposed; 6.3.3 Community & Cultural landmarks feature in the Conservation Area as buildings that (iv) The retention and enhancement of do not necessarily stand out physically, existing urban spaces, traditional local though function as a hub or community materials and townscape or historical focus and are well-known and recognised features which contribute to the character by local residents. These are: of the area. The creation of townscape • The Bristol Nuffield Hospital, Upper Byron features should be considered in relation Place to their surroundings.’ • QEH Theatre, Jacobs Well’s Road • Greek Orthodox Church, University Road • Avon Wildlife Trust, 32 Jacob’s Wells Road • St George’s C of E Primary School, Queens Parade • St George’s Reception School, York Place • Georgian House Museum, Great George Street
6.3.4 Historic landmarks are a point or structure that is of historic interest outside the Conservation Area. These are: • Civil War Defences, Brandon Hill • Bristol High Cross, Berkeley Square • Remains of Bazaar Ride/Horse Bazaar, behind Brunel House
20. Map 4: Park Street & Brandon Hill Conservation Area Landmark Buildings
21. PARK STREET & BRANDON HILL Character Appraisal
7. CHARACTER ANALYSIS 7.1.6 The Conservation Area can be divided into a number of areas of distinct character, 7.1 Overview & Character Areas each reflecting a particular aspect that 7.1.1 As its name suggests, the Park Street & goes beyond planned layout and built form: Brandon Hill Conservation Area has a split personality, which in part is characterised • Character Area 1: Park Street & The by the high quality 18th century townscape Triangle centred on Park Street, and partly by the • Character Area 2: The Museum & open space of Brandon Hill. University Precinct
7.1.2 The area is very largely dominated by its • Character Area 3: St George’s & physical topography, with the dominant Berkeley Square landmark building being at the top of • Character Area 4: St George’s Road & Brandon Hill (Cabot Tower) and the top of Jacob’s Wells Road Park Street (Wills Memorial Tower). From these commanding heights are the most • Character Area 5: Brandon Hill Park impressive views out of the Conservation Area. An overview of Character Areas is shown at 7.1.3 Land use is a significant factor in the area’s Map 5 character. Park Street is one of the city’s best shopping streets, both in terms of the quality of the environment and the range of shopping available. Less well known, but of architectural and historic significance, are the quieter backwaters of Georgian residential developments that create a quality backcloth to the area.
7.1.4 The open area of Brandon Hill Park has vast importance to the city for its leisure use, and its historical significance. It has several species of rare tree, and its accumulated social capital is rather an under-used and neglected resource for tourism and promotion of the city on the world stage.
7.1.5 despite its relatively small size, there is considerable variation between parts of the Conservation Area, the character of which relates very much to its topography, developmental history, and land use. Consequently there is a noticeable difference in character between the east and west, upper and lower, parts of the Conservation Area.
22. Map 5: Park Street & Brandon Hill Character Areas
23. E NU 8 VE 1 L A AD AL 58.8m ELTON RO ND TY
1 1 68.0m D OA N R Park LSTO treet & Brandon Hill Conservation Area E Vict 5 oria 1 LB 60.4m M ethodist Churc 71.6m Manor House h B r (site of) is t CHARACTER AREA 1: PAo RK STREETL od&ge THE TRIANGLE D 3 l A G O r 74.7m 57.9m a R m T Bristol R Grammar School m O a F r L Royal West of England S A Academy 1 c Y h O o R E Posts Lodge o L l M Royal Fort D (site of) rt Beacon House A a U tu se L 70.N7m S u Gate House E o E I H U V N R VE G E A O r R 'S Howard a rt N A d S Fo E u I l E m House D T a e QU .0 a oy s 53 t Y R ou TCBs e H W S c A h L o K o TYNDALL'S l o E 7.1.1 Character Area 1 f 8 S I 6 Bank Embassy House PARK 4 n 3 t O e 4 L 8 r S 5 n 'C 8 2 4 a D a t t i R a S o A 0Park Streetb 1 & The Triangle n 8 u 1 K 0 S 61.6m a 8 l l N E D A A B T u O s 70 R in 52.7m to Y e 8 T s 78 El Sub Sta E I s l S S 8 u R Pond 3 b E 8 S V 1 ta I 6 N University of Bristol 8 U 68 2 t o E 7 LM 71.0m R D O A A L R Bank D E W CIifton Pavilion o 7 ya O 7 l 1 O b 51.5m P 58 7 ro Royal Parade C D 7 m a L k e e A t A r s n p h a o o N au d C s li h t c D k Po e u ol n H 7 rc ic 54.3m a 1 h PW R T Park H O T 6 Hotel P 9 S A 8 67 E D Clifton 3 65 W H Museum and
Heights P 4 E 6 Y Art Gallery L PO IT G 1 Bank 5 6 4 S 3 5 N 5 7 50.6m R D A E A 6 I 4 0 O 7 3 2 V R I 4 R 4 Triangle T N ew 4 Walk i U V 4 61.3m er 5 w 4 4 47.9m 7 To 45 43 1 7 to 9 14 C 15 A N St Catherine's T TRIA 48.2m 7 O NGLE SOUTH 7 C K 51.2m Queen's T ' 5 Row h S a e C 3 7 4 4 6 2 3 QU M 1 L 1 3 EEN e B O 9 3735a3 'S R r u S PH 5 33 29 OA ch il E D a d B 2321 n in Summer C erke a21 45.7m t g Lunsford House Court res ley 15 t V s 5 1 c o e ent 19 n 1 1 TCBs 1 W 3 t 8 1 t 3 11 TC u 9 o 6 o E 9 B r o t e
7 o C 5 rs 7 3 6 d A 3 U L 1 l 976 U a P P 1 0 n P 9 ive n E 1 7 4 r d E N sit The Berkeley a y C 2 R O 0 E 8 G R l 88 a A 2 U t 8 e i B R a 1 1 s t L N 6 E i 1 B 8 1 Y E 8 0 e P R E R B p 2 9 1 55.8mKE 3 P 21 K s LE V C E o N Y S 2 A s H Q 5 Y 6 6 L O U PH E A 26 26 E d R E 0 43.0m R E 2 T Y l R 7 L 5 7 6 H E 2 e Y 2 E 41.5m i 1 A B 8 41.1m U 9 P f E 2 E K 2 8 f B R 9 N L U 5 K R E 8 44.5m A u s EL 30 R 1 ' E E V P 9 C N R 5 Q Y 3 E AR 2 y 1 A PH K LB 1 S B- RO l r S E E Q A T W 0a 1 U 21 o a A 1 E 1 N 0 t P R Y E E s M D 7 1 i P 4 6 R r t E - T 48 TCB 24 1 1 U B B S L S A E K 2 e t Statue n C 5 R 3 a 3 o 1 h K ti K 7 A 30 1 5 P P T R a c -A A 7 E ) 7 u l G 3 R 4 B d to K E E is A 5 f r I S 1 to 53 R o N T 1 3 B A l f R The Panoramic 1 o L U o o A E Q h ty N E S c i 7 S rs E 1 T Y e E te v 6 64.9m L a i 1 6 8 E u n 41.5m7 9 K d (U 1 6 1 a a a6 6 R 9r 7 t E 3 T 6 7 o Irving House G E B 6 3 0 E 5 R 6 4 T e S us 12 E o T H Tank T H 's 2 56.4m O IL r L L 5 e R 8 e 1 6 A S in 3 H T 2 g e C FS 7 En s to 4 9 War R 7 to E S u 4 E 3 l L o 28 Meml S L Brandon Hill H 7 3 8 E 5 Terry House u E ey 2 4 T 5 b W T l o 7 5 S E e t 42 2 se R E rk 9 St George's u ta E R e 81 6 o P T Unite House B 1 41 5 H P S o 0 lk U t 5 o 0 34.7m F y 1 8 4 e 1 40 T S 9 Folk el e o E t 4 k s t E 9 G 6 House 75.6m r u 0 39 R 1 e o 9 18 T 51.2m e BH o S o 4 9 P t 3 4 2 th a 1 E rg o Pa t T 4 t h 7 T e 2 5 3 's 4 2 Fort LO 7 65.2m (remains of) R 2 A 1 4 3 C H 2 The 5 3 U C 4 8 L St Brandon's Chapel Deanery 30.2m 3 V 4 E (site of) R Posts 4 1 2 S Unite House T es 3 R
M t su Cabot C Culver House E e S Is Tower H H E h A 5 IL T tc R a L a ) 5 5 2 H L 2 S 8 H P O 1 T P e ( T 7 3 A h T 72.2m R 3 T E T Georgian E T R E E 9 E C K R House B P S T S T T 9 S o d R 36.9m 3 T E P n n 47.9m 8 1 1 R R a d o E 1 T o 7 7 E O t P E E t t E h PCs T E 1 o M R 1 T G S T 5 3 O O 1 1 1 S 8 PH FR U 1 E 1 T 1 G 6 Bowling Green H R Hall O 1 E 4 7 G 19.2m 1 T 9 2 3 A 4 E o 1 1 R t 0 G 2 1 1 T 3 7 1 E 5 G P E 2 to a R LB o 9 r T Brandon Hill a I 8 3 V k 1 d 6 S 2 1 1 i ru to D a S 3 Y s 0 Dean's Court A 7 d t IT h Statue 5 u re O c 4 N B t e U 7 I R PH t 1 2 G 2 W S E O 6 1 G O D o R 59.4m t L a La Guerite O 17.7m St Mark's Priory 3 1 E Bank 9 A b 2 E 2 2 N 5 b G N 4 Bon-hommes D Fn E 2 3 ESS A (site of) 2 T L S Car Park G 2 Brandon Hill O 6 a R t a 5 F o l) 27 2 2 h e 9 rc p u ha Brunel House h C Map 5a - Character Area 1 Posts C s 12.5m 's r' Fn rk yo 1 a a 3 t M M 7b S rd Bastion 2 c o (remains of) 27 L he e (T s u EP o 7.1.1a Character Area 1 is centred on the major E 17.1m H T S l N i 5 c DO 1 Brandon N PH n RA u retail and traffic artery of Park Street, House B o C Fn 1 46.3m T 1 2 e E h E T
2 C R which runs from College Green up a steep 3 to D O T College Green 5 A S L
B O L r 1 a R E n
d G Ponds o S Car Park incline to join Park Row and frames a n E E S te G ps R m O .0 E 8 G dramatic view to the tower of the Wills2 Playground Pineapple T 7 Inn S E (PH) D This map is repMemorialroduced from Ordnance survey material Building. A Fn with the permission of ordnance Survey on behalf R A of the controller of Her Majesty's Stationery office P ©Crown Copyright. Unauthorised reproduction infringes ´ S Crown copyright and may lead tto civil proceedings. N Bristol City Council. 100023406. 2010. E e E s 036 12 18 24 U u Q 4 o 1 H LB .8m Statue Meters th 17 10-026 r o 7.1.1b Park Street has its own distinctive sense w Dance Centre 32.3m k Abbey in Gate Y ry Cathedral Church of 5 e W Water Fort 1 7 O rs D Nu ROA The Holy and Undivided Trinity (remains of) R RY Abbey Gate of place, albeit eroded by vehicularK NE FigureDE A21: Northeast side of Park Street traffic and its associated negative impacts. A combination of physical 7.1.1c Park Street is one of Bristol’s earliest characteristics (including historic building surviving examples of uniformly stepped composition, proximity of major city hillside terracing and remains largely landmarks, and sloping topography) and in its historic form, with wide, straight lively ground floor building uses have pavements. The street takes advantage of created one of the city’s most memorable its hillside location, its linear form giving and iconic streets. views to the north and south. 24. 7.1.1d As well as being one of Bristol’s main 7.1.1i At the bottom end, Park Street crosses a shopping streets, it is also a major narrow, steep-sided gully on the line of pedestrian and vehicular route linking Frogmore Street. The Park Street Viaduct the city centre to Clifton and beyond. is constructed of wrought and cast iron The street contributes greatly to Bristol’s with abutments of pennant rubble stone legibility. However, it can be difficult for with dogleg steps lead down to Frogmore pedestrians to cross, particularly at The Street, and is a distinctive feature of Triangle, a traffic dominated one-way Victorian engineering. gyratory at the top of Park Street.
7.1.1e Buildings directly address the pavement edge and form a continuous terrace, stepping up from the rising street. There is a generally high quality of built fabric, characterised by the consistent use of Bathstone and Classical details. Some buildings along Park Street were blitzed and rebuilt, but it largely retains its traditional character, with the later infill buildings tending to respond well to the Figure 22: Park Street Viaduct viewed from Frogmore Street predominant material palette, scale and plot sizes. 7.1.1j At the junction of St George’s Road is the former Bristol Philosophical and Literary 7.1.1f In the main, buildings have an active Institution, 1821 (Grade II). The corner ground floor, mainly for retail use entrance sits beneath a semi-circular or restaurants. It is home to more Corinthian portico. Beneath is a fine bas- independent retailers than Broadmead, relief panel by E H Bailey depicting Bristol and is particularly popular with Bristol’s being introduced to the Arts, Science and large student population. The quality of Literature. The building was bombed in the shopping experience is different from 1940 and restored in the late 1950s. that in other parts of the city: it combines the intimacy of Clifton with a ‘High Street’ variety making it a particularly successful shopping environment.
7.1.1g There is considerable variety in shopfronts, with some fine traditional examples. The best shop-fronts in the area are nos. 8-18 and nos. 7-11 opposite. By way of contrast, the quality of the area is undermined in parts by poor quality shopfronts and signage. Figure 23: Bristol Philosophical & Literary Institution 7.1.1h Under-use of the upper floors of historic buildings is prevalent throughout this area, and now becoming more of a problem at ground floor level also. The volume of vacant shops along Park Street means there are very many oversized estate agents boards obscuring the building frontages. This contributes to a sense of deterioration in the area. 25. 7.1.1k Royal Parade/Promenade designed by Foster & Wood dates from the late 1850s. It is a composed terrace of 11 shops united by a glass canopy added when the terrace underwent considerable internal alteration in the 20th century. Although parts of the original façade still survive, many of the semi circular arches that make up the ground floor arcade are now filled with modern shops. High quality traditional shopfronts with restrained, non-illuminated signage, would greatly Figure 24: Royal Parade enhance this group.
Strengths Opportunities Historic character - conveyed by the mainly Sympathetic replacement or reinstatement of Georgian buildings traditional architectural details or boundary treatments Visual integrity - provided by the cohesive Improved signage and shopfront design architectural character, symmetry of detailing and sense of rhythm either side of the street Vistas - the northward view to the Wills Tower; Continued maintenance of traditional materials also the strongly framed view to the south and features terminating at College Green Diverse shopping opportunities Remove dominance of vehicular traffic and improve pedestrian and cycling environment Survival of the original layout with original plots Improved street surfaces and lighting and building lines building lines Weaknesses Threats Visual dominance of traffic and associated Increase of unsympathetic shopfront and signage clutter - detracting from the visual qualities of and out of character roof level extensions and the townscape dormers Lack of pedestrian crossings conflicting with the Continued economic decline increasing number speed of vehicular traffic of vacant shops Over-sized estate agents’ boards obscuring Continued or increased dominance of vehicular building frontages traffic, undermining quality of the environment Poor quality paving, detracting from the visual Loss of or obscuring views into and out of the appeal of Park Street area and to landmark buildings Poor quality shopfront design and signage Loss or unsympathetic alteration to unlisted buildings of merit
26. D
A
O 1 2 0 R 2 4 57.3m D 67.7m 1 E OA Y R AL R IO 5 D PR 72.2m M 4
EL Park Street & Brandon Hill Conservation EASS rea Bank lth ea UE d H N 24 an AVE 22 CHARACTER AREA 2: MUSELBUM / UNIVERSITYse L rci AL 1 xe ND The rt,E TY po Hawthorns r S University of Bristol fo tre Senate en 0 House C 2 El 9 Sub Sta l0 8 7 Senate 6 House E NU 5 VE 8 The Hawthorns L A 1 AL ND 58.8m ELTON ROAD TY CLIFTON & 1HOTWELLS 68.0m D OA N R TO
5 EL 7.1.2Character Character1 LB Appraisal Area60.4m 2 71.6m Manor House Br (site of) is t o Lodge 3 l The Museum & University G 74.7m 57.9m ra m Bristol m Grammar School a r
1 Sc h o EL Lodge o l M Royal Fort D (site of) rt Beacon House AL a U u se E 70N.7m Stou U E H N IV AVE R G 'S E EN Howard O ra R rt E A d SI Fo U m u l Q .0 House D T a 3 a y se 5 Y Ro u te o W H S c A h L o K o l TYNDALL'S o f Embassy House PARK 4 In 3 t e 4 rn 5 a ta t S io b 1 u 1 n S 61.6m a l El D B A u O s 7 R in 0 Y e to 8 T s 7 El Sub Sta El s 8 S SI u R Pond b E S V ta I 68 N University of Bristol U 68 2 t o EL 7 M 71.0m R O D A AL R Bank D E W o 7 ya O 7 l 1 O b 51.5m P 58 7 ro Royal Parad C D 7 m e a L k e e Ap t AN r s n h a C o o au d h s lic Po e t D u ol H 7 rc ic 54.3m 1 h PW R Park H 6 O P 9 Hotel A 8 6 7 D 3 6 5 Museum and
PH 4 6 Y Art Gallery PO T 1 Bank SI 6 4 5 5 7 50.6m R D 4 E A 6 0 7 3 O 2 IV 2 4 4 Triangle R N ew 4 Walk i U V 4 61.3m er 5 w 4 4 7 To 45 43 1 7 to 9 14 C 15 A N T TRIAN 48.2m 7 O GLE SOUTH 7 C K 51.2m Queen's T ' 5 Row h S a e C 7 3 4 4 6 2 3 QU 1 E M L 1 3 EN e Bu O PH 9 3735a3 3 'S R rc S 5 3 29 OAD h il E a d Be 2321 n in Summer rke a21 t g Court Cres ley 15 t 45.7m Ve s 1 cent o 19 1 n TCBs 1 W 3 t 8 1 3 1 TC u 9 to 6 o 1 B re 9 o t 7 5 rs o 7 6 3 d 7 l 9 6 Un a 9 1 0 ive n E 1 7 4 rsit d 20 The Berkeley a y E 8 G R l 88 a AC 2 U 8 t a 1 1 e i t N 6 s i 1 BE 8 8 1 0 e p PL R 2 E 9 KE 3 1 s 55.8m LE V PC o N Y S 2 A s H Q 5 Y 6 O U PH 2 E A 26 6 d R E 0 43.0m l R E 2 T R 7 L e 6 H E Y 2 i 1 A BE 8 41.1m U 9 f 2 E KE 2 f B R 9 N 5 KE u U 3 R R E 8 44.5m 's LE 0 E V N 5 Q Y 3 PAR y 1 A PH K LB 1 S B-EA R l r ER Q O S U W o a A N ET t P R E s M Y E D 7 i P 4 6 R t E -B T 48 TCB 1 Br S U L S A t K 2 e n C a 3 Statue o 5 h KE ti K 7 AR 30 T 1 5 P P Map 5b - Character AreaR 2 a -A AR c 7 u l) 7 o G 3 4 BE d t K E s A E f ri I S 1 to 53 R 5 o N 1 3 B T A l f R The Panoramic 1 o L U o A E o y Q h it N ET S c E 7 S rs 1 Y e e 7.1.2c The University of Bristol occupies most 7.1.2a Area 2 forms the most northernE partt iv 6 64.9m L a 1 6 8 u n 7 9 d (U 41.5m 1 6 1 KE a ra 6a 6 t R 9 7 o 3G of the land6 7 in this area, sitting onIrvi nang Hou se ET 6 of the Conservation Area, andBE takes E 3 0 5 R 6 4 T S 2 E e 1 T elevated position overlooking the city us in a portionTank of University land tailing T H o 2 56.4m O IL H L L 5 's R 8 r 1 6 A S ee e 3 H FS centre.T The iconic building at the heart 72 in of s to 4 9 C War R to gEl away along Park Row. Here is oneu of 4 Meml E 37 o 28 En S Brandon Hill H 7 3 8 E 5 Terry House u ey 2 4 T 5 b el o 2 7 the site, Wills Tower,5 is visible from manye S t 2 s rk 9 4 St George's u t Bristol’s most renowned civic groups,81 6 o a Be 1 1 5 H o 4 0 k t ol 0 5 parts3 4of.7m the city. F y 1 8 0 4 le 1 4 ET St 9 Folk including the Refectory, Citye e Museumto E 4 House rkus 9 19 G 6 75.6m o 9 0 3 R Be o 18 T 51.2m e 4 9 Pa H t 3 S o 4 2 th 1 E rg Pa t T 4 to and Art Gallery andh Wills Tower7 T - The e 2 5 3 's 4 2 Fort LO 7 (remains of) R 2 C A 1 7.1.2d Traffic is an intrusive4 element 3 U H 2 The 5 3 L C Deanery 4 8 V University’sSt Brandon 'smost Chapel public face. 30.2m 3 ER (site of) 4 Posts 1 S 24 downgrading the character of this T R es 3 E u C E
This map is reproduced from Ordnance survey material s Cabot Culver House M S Is Tower H H T with the permission of ordnance Survey on behalf A civic enclave.5 ThisIL also has caused the of the controller of Her Majesty's Stationery office R a L ©Crown Copyright. Unauthorised reproduction infringes ´ 5 2 5 7.1.2b There are also some of the most L 2 S Crown copyright and may lead tto civil proceedings. O 8 1 T P Bristol City Council. 100023406. 2010. T 7 3 AR 72.2m R 3 02.55 10 15 20 T E T E pollutantGe ordamagegian that is a specificC 9 E K S House B imposingPo buildings,Meters such as the Wills ET T S T E 10-026 d T 9 Pa n R 36R.9m 3 1 R n 47.9m E 8 T 1 d 1 S o 7 7 E t Po ET problem t to the stone frontages. t E T h E 1 o PCs G 1 Memorial Tower, the City Museum, and S 5 3 R 1 O O 1 1 8 U E T G H AT Brown’s Restaurant. These have quite E R 7.1.2eG There is a discernible difference in an eclectic mix of architectural styles, character from the top of Park Street from Gothic Revival through Venetian- crossing to the wider pavement of Queens Byzantine to neo-Classical. Road, usually occupied by crowds of students and visitors. Behind Royal Parade the character shifts, becoming more like the Tyndall’s Park area. 27. 7.1.2f The University Refectory (Browns 7.1.2h University Gate takes up the tapering plot Restaurant) is a prominent landmark in at the eastern end of the character area. views south from the Triangle. It stands The Woodland Road/ Park Row Corner out because of its distinctive Gothic is marked by the remaining portion of Revival Style, yellow brick with red brick The Coliseum, which was a cinema. The decoration and and limestone dressings. late 20th century office development is Unlike most buildings in the Conservation a neutral modern contribution using a Area, it is delineated from the main street complementary palette of materials. The frontage via steps up to a ground-floor retained Edwardian facade at the east loggia with an arcade. The large canopies end is a Building of Merit. projecting from the arched openings detract from the architectural integrity of the building.
Figure 25: The Refectory Figure 27: Modern University Gate building 7.1.2g The City Museum & Art Gallery is one of Bristol’s best loved cultural attractions. Sited in a Grade II* (1899-1904), Limestone ashlar building. Although low in comparison to its neighbour, the monumental front has a deeply projecting pedimented centre, making it stand out on the street. Public access to the Museum is hindered by the constant heavy traffic flow and the lack of parking facilities in the vicinity.
Figure 28: Retained facade of former Coliseum
Figure 26: City Museum & Art Gallery 28. Strengths Opportunities High quality of individual buildings, with distinct Remove dominance of vehicular traffic and architectural styles that make up a distinctive improve pedestrian and cycling environment and environment which includes Wills Memorial public access to the City Museum Tower and other civic institutions Cultural richness of the area, which includes Improved public realm through improvement of major institutions street surfaces, lighting and tree planting The dominance of the Wills Tower as an iconic Cohesive plan for University and Museum signage Bristol image Weaknesses Threats Visual dominance of traffic and associated Increase in traffic pollutants damaging stone clutter - detracting from the visual qualities of building facades the townscape Lack of pedestrian crossings conflicting with the Loss or unsympathetic alteration to unlisted speed of vehicular traffic buildings of merit c. 1970 office block on corner of Elmdale Road Continued or increased dominance of vehicular and Queens Avenue traffic, undermining quality of the environment Poor quality paving, detracting from the visual Banners, canopies and signage obscuring building appeal of Park Street frontages
29. E
L
M U D N A UE G IV EN L r E V Howard E a A d R S N' m House R u S E .0 a I E 3 O T Statue TCBs U 5 te 54.6m Q A Y
D S W c h A Q o L U o K TYNDALL'S l E Park Street & Brandon Hill Conservation Areao E 8 f TCBs N I ' 6 Bank Embassy House PARK 4 n S 3 t R e 4 r O 8 5 n A 8 2 4 a D a t CHARACTER ARt EA 3: ST GEORGE'S & BERKELEY SiQUARE 58.5m S o a b 1 n 80 u 1 0 S 61.6m a 8 l l E D B Richmond Heights A u O s 3 2 1 7 i 0 R n 1 - 1 e 2 14 - 16 52.7m to Y 8 T s 78 El Sub Sta E I s l S S 8 u R Pond 3 b E 56.7m 8 S V 1 ta I 68 N University of Bristol 6 U PH 8 2 2 9 to E 7 LM R D O A A L R Bank D E W o CIifton Pavilion y O 7 a l 1 O 7b 51.5m P 58 0 ro D 1 7 Royal Parade C 7 m a L ke e A t A r s n p h a C o o N au d s li h t c D Po e u ol H 7 rc ic 54.3m 1 h PW R Park H T 6 O E Hotel P 9 S A 8 6 C 7 D E 3 6 A Clifton 5 P L W H A Museum and R P Heights P 4 K E 6 Y Art Gallery L PO IT 1 G Bank 5 6 7 4 S 3 5 N 5 7.1.31 Character Area 3 7 50.6m R D A E A I 4 6 0 O 7 3 V P 2 I R r 4 R o 4 Triangle -C T Walk N at 4 U h 4 ed ra 5 St George’s4 & Berkeley Square4 l L 7 an 47.9m e 45 43 C A 1 N 7 to 9 T 14 15 O C St Catherine's K 7 Court TRIANGLE SO 48.2m 7 'S UTH C 51.2m Queen's T L 5 Row h O a e S
3 4 7 4 6 2 3 QU E 1 E M 1 3 EN e B 9 3735a3 33 'S R r u PH 5 29 OA ch il D a d B 2321 n in Summer C erke a21 t g Court res ley 15 t 45.7m V s 1 cen o 19 e 1 t 1 n TCBs 3 t 8 1 3 1 TC u 9 E to 6 o 1 9 B r t e 7 C 5 rs 7 6 U A 3 3 P L 1 976 U P 1 0 n 1 P 9 ive E 7 3 E 1 4 rs 2 R N a it C 20 The Berkeley E 8 y G O l 88 a B A E 5 R 2 U 8 te 43.3m 2 a 1 1 C E t L N 6 A R Y i 1 BE 8 8 p P R E 9 L K B KE 23 P s 55.8m LE V E o N Y A Y S 2 L H Q 5 Y 6 E Theatre 6 E O U 2 PH 2 E A 6 6 L d R E 0 43.0m Y l R E 2 T E R 7 L 7 6 H E K P e Y 2 E i 1 A B 8 41.1m U R L f E 2 E K 8 f B R 9 N 5 E A U K R 8 u s E 30 R E B C 1 ' L V R E E 9 N 5 Q 3 E PA 2 y Y 1 A PH RK LB E 1 S - R l r E B O 1 S Q A T W o a UA E 0 t P R N Y E s M E D 7 i P R 1 4 E r t - 6 T 48 1 1 U B B S L S A E K 2 e t n C 3 a 3 Statue o 5 R 1 h K ti K 7 A 1 P T R a 5 P c -A A 7 E u l) 7 R 4 o G 3 B d t K E s A E f ri I S R 5 o N 1 3 B T A l f R 1 o L U o o A E Q y h it N E S c s E 7 T l Y S r 1 a e e t E t v 6 i i 1 6 64.9m L a 1 p 8 n 7 9 E u 41.5m 1 s d U 6 t K ( a o o R ra 6a 6 9 T 7 7 H E 3G E 6 3 B E 6 6 s 0 5 ' 4 R h T t S ) e 2 l 1 E b o T T H a o 3 Tank I z 2 56.4m O L i h L l L 5 c 1 R 8 E S 6 A S ( 3 H T n e FS s to 4 9 C War R e u 4 E e o 8 Meml H 2 8 E Terry House u Brandon Hill 7 3 5 y 2 4 T 5 Q le o 7 5 e t 2 2 rk 9 4 St George's e 81 6 B 1 1 5 o 4 0 t 5 0 34.7m y 1 8 4 le 1 40 T S 9 e e to E t 4 k s 9 E 19 G 6 75.6m erou 9 0 3 R o 18 T 51.2m e 4 P B H t 3 S o 4 a 1 E r 9 Path t T g 4 2 h 7 T e 2 3 's 4 to Fort LO 7 5 65.2m (remains of) R 2 A 1 4 H 2 The 5 3 C 4 8 St Brandon's Chapel Deanery 30.2m 3 (site of) 4 Posts 1 24 es 3 3 M su Cabot C
S s H H R I Tower A 5 IL o R a L P s 5 L 2 5 S A e O 1 J T R b O T 7 3 R 3 K e 72.2m T T H Georgian E r E 9 C S y E N House T S T B T P R T C e o d E P n R 36.9m 3 1 A r n 8 1 E r d 47.9m E 1 7 9 a o T o 7 T R a t P E E t t c h T E 1 o R PCs 1 e S R 5 3 ' S T 1 1 O S
T U 1 E T 1 G E Bowling Green H R Hall R O E R G A 6 1 T 9 C 4 A 4 E to E R 2 1 G 3 7 25 G o to Brandon Hill LB a 8 1 Id 6 3 r 1 1 1 2 u to D 0 s Dean's Court h Statue 50 A B O I R 27 G The W S Field O 6 E House 1 G O R 59.4m D to O L a La Guerite 1 9 A b 23 E 2 N 5 b G D Fn E 2 3 ESS E 2 T N S Car Park A Brandon Hill L a G a 5 O 27 2 R F Brunel House Posts 12.5m
Map 5c - Character Area 3 31 7b Bastion 2 c (remains of) 27
e s u EP o E 17.1m H T S l N i 7.1.3a This Character Area centres on the DO 15 c N PH n Brandon RA u House B o C 1 46.3m T Georgian streets of Great George Street, 1 2 e P E h a E t T h 2 C R 3 to D O T 5 A S Charlotte Street and Berkeley Square. L O B L r 1 a R E n
d G Ponds o S Car Park n E E Immediately west of Park Street, the S G te ps R m O 0 E 1 . 8 G 5 character18.9m of the Conservation AreaPlay ground 2 Pineapple T 7 Inn S E (PH) D quickly7 switches from the hustle of A R A B P E S LL 1 N E commercial life to a fairly intact E e V E s U U u E Q 4 o C 1 H O LB .8m 1 T th 17 T residential backwater dominated by high r A o G E 32.3m w S Chy Dance Centre k Abbey ry in Gate This map is reproduced from Ordnance survey material 5 e Water Fort 1 7 Y rs W with the permisqualitysion of ordnance Survey on behalf Georgian and Regency architecture u O N D of the controller of Her Majesty's Stationery office 2 (remains of) OA ©Crown Copyright. Unauthorised reproduction infringes 0 ´ R R 21.6m ERY Crown copyright and may lead tto civil proceedings. PK EAN Bristol City Council. 100023406. 2010. 17 L D and associated0 3 6 12 1 8townscape24 features. A es 3 C 8 Berwyn Ho g Central Library Goldney E eor 17.4m Lodge of E E G rt SM Meters C ol D St ou 10-026 1 ge o RA 60 C 2 S or ch A e S P to 8 3 M G y 's 3 r 'S 9 4 Figure 29: Great George Street t b 1 S a N 4 Jacob's 3 3 1 im E o rt 1 5 r c Court o 5 E u 1 P a t s St George Place a t U St se J o d u d o o o 12.8m 0 Q e's H C 9 g 7 5 eor o1 6 G t 25 1 16.2m 1 7.1.3b Great George2 Street contains several 7.1.3c St George’s Church (Grade II*) now three and five bay detached houses by functions as one of the country’s leading William Paty built in 1788-91 (nos. 3, 7, concert halls, and boasts a superb 23, 25, 27). These have rusticated ground acoustic and unique atmosphere. The floors and arched doorways with open churchyard is also a valuable green space. pediments on pilasters. No. 7 is now the Georgian House Museum. The street itself is a quality environment owing to the avenue of Plane trees and lamp standards that line it.
30. Figure 30: St George’s Church 7.1.3d No. 31 Great George Street by Alec French & Partners, 1987-90, is a reasonably well-designed modern development in a very sensitive location at the end of a street dominated by Georgian and Victorian buildings. Figure 32: View into Berkeley Square from 7.1.3e Charlotte Street joins the upper part Berkeley Avenue of Park Street from Brandon Hill, the high raised pavement and fine Regency balconies, added to a Georgian 7.1.3g This character area is particularly rich in terrace, channel views into Brandon historic townscape details, many of which Hill. The quality of the environment is are listed. Sadly the condition of some of undermined, particularly at the eastern these features: lamp standards, railings end, by the large food bins and waste and stone walls etc. is deteriorating. issues associated with the Park Street The area would be greatly enhanced by restaurants. their sympathetic restoration. Recently, residents’ parking signs have been erected that both clutter the pavements and detract from the quality of the environment.
7.1.3h The proximity of this predominantly residential area to the largely retail area of Park Street causes conflicts, particularly with waste and recycling. Residential use is continually under pressure within this area, eroding its Figure 31: Charlotte Street original character of a desirable Classical suburb, adjacent to the city centre (see 7.1.3f Berkeley Square completed c.1800 by Land Uses section). William Paty was planned to have an open south east side facing the city, now filled by an unsympathetic post-war University building. The Square itself if a valuable green space, containing a number of mature trees and a fragment of John Norton’s Civic Cross. 31. Strengths Opportunities Historic character - conveyed by the mainly Sympathetic replacement or reinstatement of Georgian buildings traditional architectural details or boundary treatments Visual integrity - provided by the cohesive Sympathetic restoration of traditional street architectural character, symmetry of detailing surfaces, boundary details and lamp standards and sense of rhythm Quality of formal Squares and green spaces Continued maintenance of traditional materials and features Range and quality of historic townscape features Strategy for removing street clutter and detrimental impact of street signage Survival of the original layout with original plots Strategy for managing and increasing street and building lines trees Number of mature street trees Weaknesses Threats Volume of on-street parking and associated Loss of street trees as mature specimens decline signage, detracting from the quality of the built and are not replaced fabric Waste and recycling issues associated with the Continued and increased issues over waste and Park Street facilities recycling detracting from the environment Over-sized estate agents’ boards obscuring Continued or increased street clutter building frontages Poor maintenance of historic townscape details Continued deterioration and eventual loss of including street furniture and surfaces townscape details and street surfaces Poor maintenance of individual buildings Loss or unsympathetic alteration to buildings and traditional architectural details
32. G ra d u a te S c h o 8 8 o 2 l 4 a o RICHMOND HILL 58.5m St f a b 1 I 80 u 1 n 0 S 61.6m t 8 El D e Richmond Heights A rn O a 3 2 1 ti 9 70 R o 1 - 12 14 - 16 n 52.7m to 8 Y 7 T a 8 El Sub Sta El l S SI B Pa83rk Street & Branudon Hill Conservation Area u Pond b ER s 56.7m 8 St i 1 IV n 6 a e 8 N s University of Bristol 68 U s PH 2 9 t 2 o EL 71.0m CHARACTER AREA 4: ST GEOR7 GE'M S ROAD / JACOB'S WELLS ROAD 3 R D 4 O AL 4a A 5 E R Bank D E W LAC CIifton Pavilion o P y O a RK 7 a 1 0 PA 7b l Pr 5 O 1 0 51.5m 8 D 1 7 o Royal Parade C 63.7m 7 m a L 1 e e Ap t AN 4 rk n h Bruton s a C o o u d h s lic Place Pao e t D u ol H 7 rc ic 54.3m 1 h PW R Park O 1 T 6 PH 9 E Hotel A
8 6 C 7 D 6 ES 3 6 P A Clifton 5 W A Museum and R PL Heights 4 8 PH K E 6 1 Y Art Gallery L m PO T G 1 Bank 4 7 5 SI 6 4 . 3 N 5 D 5 7 1 7 50.6m 6 A A I 4 ER 6 0 O 7 7.1.4 Character Area 4 3 V Pro 2 R I 4 R 4 Triangle -C T N w 4 Walk at U ie he 4 V d 61.3m er ra 5 4 w l L 4 7 o an 47.9m T St George’s Roade & Jacob’s wells 45 Road 4 5 3 2 1 7 to 9 14 C 15 A N St Catherine's T TRIA 48.2m 7 O Court NGLE SOUTH 7 C K 51.2m Queen's T ' 5 Row h S a e C 4 7 3 4 2 Q 6 3 M 1 U L 1 3 EEN Bu O 9 373 'S er y PH 5a35 33 29 RO c i SE e AD h ld r 232 a in to Berk 1a21 n s rk Summer C el 45.7m t g ti Court res ey 15 t Ve s 1 c o l Pa ent 19 u 1 n TCBs 1 W r 3 t 8 M a 1 t 3 1 TC u 9 o 6 o 1 re E 9 B o C t 7 C 5 rs o 7 A 3 6 d U 1 3 7 l P 9 6 U a PL 1 0 n 9 i n 1 PE 7 ve E 1 3 4 rs d 2 N a it R C 2 The Berkeley y 0 E 8 G R O l 88 a 5 BE A 2 U 8 te 43.3m R a 1 1 i E 2 t 6 s i 1 BE 8 8 1 9 0 e R PL C p RK 2 EN 9 A BY EL 3 1PC K s 55.8m E V PL E o N Y SQ 2 A s L H 5 Y O 6 Y Theatre 6 EY UA 2 PH 2 E R 6 E 60 43.0m E d R l E 27 T 7 6 R H E EL P ie 28 EL f 1 A BE ER 41.1m U BU K 8 L f BY R 29 K N 5 R A U K 8 C u s EL 30 R 44.5m 5 1 ' E E- O R 9 C N R 5 Y 3 PA BE 2 1 AVE PH RK LB T E l ry 1 SQ BE R U O SQ AN OW R g 1 o a UA ET n N 0 t PE R E i T s M Y E D 7 ld 1 P 4 6 R 4 i 1 ri t E - T 8 1 u U BA B S S B EL K 2 s e t n C 5 3 a 3 Statue o R b 1 h K i K 7 A 30 o 1 t 5 P P T R a c c -A A 7 M a u l) 7 R 4 V eri J d o G 3 a d BE t K le ia e E s A H n h E f i I S 1 to 53 ou T R 5 o N s 1 3 Br T e A l f L R The Panoramic Meridian 1 o 1 U o o A E h y N 2 SQ c it ET a s E 7 l S r 1 2 Y e Stone a e t E t v 6 3 i 64.9m i 1 6 8 a n 7 9 L p EL u a 42L.4m 41.5m 1 1 3 I AD s K d (U a 6 Lodge 6 6 H o R ra a t O 9 7 7 o 4 H 3G 6 Irving House N ET R 6 3 BE E s 0 5 O ' R 6 T S 4 h T F e L t S I ) 2 L s e l 1 E ) u b o T e C EL H s T s o a o Tank u e O I z 2 56.4m L W i h L o ER H s L 5 H R 8 El u S El 1 s W h ' A S 6 r' o (Sc H g 3 T 2 Se O i B n e C FS 7 L h s o 9 War R to e e e t 4 7 n u s u i l O 4 EE 3 e o 8 Meml g b e 2 m H 8 Terry House C u Brandon Hill 7 3 5 En St n y 4 T 5 A e 2 o Q l 5 a (Al J o 7 e t 42 2 se St rk 9 St George's u 4 81 6 5 o Be 1 1 H o 4 0 k 5 t 5 ol 7 0 34.7m F 1 8 4 ey 1 0 St 9 Folk l e o 4 ET 4 5 es t E 9 6 House 7 36.3m 9 1 G 75.6m rku 9 0 3 R o o 18 T 51.2m e 4 9 Pa BeH t 3 S o 4 2 Path 1 E rg o t T 4 t h 7 T e 2 5 C 3 's 4 2 Fort LO 7 U 65.2m (remains of) R 2 L A 1 4 3 V H 2 The 5 3 E C 4 8 R Deanery 3 7 St Brandon's Chapel 30.2m S
6 (site of) 4 T Posts 4 1 R G 2 E O ET R es 3 3
SE 6 su Cabot C Culver House M 1 S Is H H R Tower A 5 I L 5 J L o A a R a 3 9 O L s 5 5 2 N 5 L 2 S H e 8 2 9 O 1 a E T P N b 7 3 A 5 T R 3 2 re e 72.2m T 8 c R A Georgian EE T 1 ch C r E 9 C K e y a Be e House n AR S T B S e T Po 1 k D T T a e d O Pa n R 36.9m 3 1 R Bra dR rra n 8 1 5 o 47.9m E 7 wo 9 d 1 T 7 E s 1 ' o 2 e S Po ET t pl th E t ET Ma c PCs E 1 o n T e 1 1 S R 5 3 d 1 1 1 ER O ST 8 t o o U 1 n E 1
1 4 6 1 R T G
6 Vi Bowling Green H R Hall 5 1 A 4 l C EO l 1 a G 19.2m 2 E s 1 9 6 T 4 4 4 A 2 E to Pa R 2 1 4 3 1 rk G 7 1 0 5 2 G St o to Vi 9 LB 9 Brandon Hill a I 8 3 a re 3 1 d 6 3 d 1 2 ru o 1 1 e 8 t u t 0 s 0 Dean's Court AD 7 c h Statue 5 t O 5 BI 29.0m PH R PH 3 7 3 2 G 3 LB 6 The W S 3
a Field E 3 O 6
6 House G O 1 2 3 D o R 4 59.4m t O L a La Guerite 1 9 A b 23 E E 2 N 5 G 2 b 2 D Fn E 3 ESS AN 2 L 3 ST Car Park G 3 Brandon Hill O 1 a R 2 a 5 F 9 27 2 1 Brunel House Posts 12.5m 2 1 25.9m Hall 31 JA b C Bastion 27 1 O 7c 7 B (remains of) 2 'S e Works W s TCBs EL u L P o S EE 17.1m H R T O S l A N 5 i O 1 c D D n Brandon AN PH u House BR o 4 C Fn 1 46.3m T 1 2 e 1 E h Pa to t E T 9 h 2 C R 0 3 to O 5 AD ST Brandon House L
Bra O L 1 n R E d G Ponds o S Car Park
n E E S te G ps R m O 0 E 1 . 5 8 G 18.9m Playground 2 Pineapple 7 Inn ST E (PH) 7 AD Fn 9 BE L PAR LE S V 1 N 5 U E e BE 1 E E s 8 C U u L Q 4 o L O 1 E T H Statue C T LB .8m V 1 A th 17 RU G r EE E o S 2 S w C 2 Chy Dance Centre 32.3m k Abbey E in Gate N Oak 5 ery T Water Fort 1 7 YO W 5 Cottage urs 1 N D Abbey Gate 2 (remains of) OA 2 0 R R House 2 2 7 21.6m ERY 7 7ab PKL EAN 17 D A s 3 C 8 Berwyn Ho e Central Library Goldney E org 17.4m 5 Lodge of E E Ge rt 6 SM C ol 0 St ou 32 1 e o AD 6 C 2 SM rg h o o 8 3 e Sc PAR t s 3 G ry 'S 9 ' 4 St a N 4 b Jacob's 1 3 3 m E o rt 1 5 5 E c u Court o a 1 Pri St e a o t ds St George Place 1 U s 38.1m ou J d 6 12.8m 0 Q s H C o ' 9 1 rge 7 5 t eo o1 o G 25 1 16.2m 1t St P 6 to 1 7 E E El Sub Sta 0 to 1 8 A UAR The 2 0 2 6 SQ e H 3 G evu 35.7m P R s T Old Deanery ll e 1 Be ottag o to E C e 26 T w Sydney dge u L Lo t 6 t 3 e EE ne 27.4m o 1 I o La s e t L Villa End Cliftonwood W T 2 1 R ds World's e r' M orl h 3 W Cottage i I ds s T O te s 1 O od s End 01 LB 7 5 d C 1 H 4 1 1 d S House a P1 H N to i 0 d a rt uns o 1 S Three T 5 1 v 5 o B t d 31 4 e S 1 a o 1 Avon p 15.2m (PH) 11 t 1 M s 9 d 9 Cottage 150 T D 4 4 o 11 s 3 A 10 1 t R 1 o L 1171 St t 1 19 E
33 11 ROAD 3 Abbey H Woodwell P 5 'S ET REET ER House 15 12 RGE COLLEGE ST Cottages O OWER C 5 UE GE L W EN ST ro O AV L AY 20 11 s H - b RN 0 1 se 2 y HE 1 Hou T er 1 U 126 art H SO 6 Ch 2 128 12 - 14 o 2 u SM C s 0 El ity of Bris e 3 Sub toI College Hotel 10 Harbours Sta 6 SM Edge (FE) ANCHOR RO 10 AD 10.1m 9.4m 22 8 to e t Map 5d - ThCharacterron Area 4 terf LIME KILN ROAD Wa 32 634 L 3 I C de 38 AD ME i K A ays RO ILN Gas Governor u L N Q 8 EL RO 5 7.1.4c There is a conflictO between the function 7.1.4ao ThisTW Character23 to Area is split between AD El 0 t O 41 4 H 1 Sub Sta N 10.1m to AD 2 S 2 O Ca prico R W rn Pla c Y AY Western Wha e the primary routesrf that run around R of the main streets as major traffic routes y Point ER Qua F to 49 lard ke 1 Bol rdy Ma Floating Harbour AADS Anchor Point the periphery of Brandon Hill Park: StOG and the buildings themselves, which have R
Y This map is reproduced from Ordnance survey material Chy R with the permission of ordnance Survey on behalf DE EE MENA of the controller of Her Majesty's Stationery office DW UM PRO George’s Road to the south and Jacob’sF a modest charmCANON'S andILLE Ncharacter.NI There is ©Crown Copyright. Unauthorised reproduction infringes ´ M Crown copyright and may lead tto civil proceedings. AS MARSH Bristol City Council. 100023406. 2010. G DW LB 0 4 8 16 24 32 WellsFloating H arRbouoadr to the north. a proliferation of largeBalmora l HHighwayo Agency Meters K 10-026 L A W
L signage along the length A of Jacob’s Wells R SM WappD Caisson inog ED cky Waverley Ho ard H T A 7.1.4b The north/northwest and southeast Road and St George’s RCoad, the lighting is portions contain the largest buildings, also on a massive scale, catering more for mainly institutions or offices. the vehicular than pedestrian traffic. Neighbouring these are clusters of modest terraces and townhouses, which add a human scale to these major traffic arteries. 33. 7.1.4d The northern portion of this character area is dominated by the Queen 7.1.4f Along St George’s Road at the foot of the Elizabeth’s Hospital School, by Thomas Brandon Hill cliff is a Victorian terrace, Foster & Son, 1844-7. This imposing Tudor with retail at ground floor and residential Gothic style building stretches along the above. The mix of independent shops steep hillside leading down Jacob’s Wells adds character, though there is a sense Road. of vulnerability, as the impact of the traffic reduces the volume of consumer footfall. The buildings themselves have a strong grain and character, united by a continuous parapet, and have retained much of their original detailing. Many of the traditional shopfronts have been lost or severely degraded by poor quality signage.
7.1.4g Further east along St George’s Road, plots sizes increase and there is a less intimate character. A gap in the terrace at nos. 111 Figure 33: Queen Elizabeth’s Hospital - 115 allows views up to the dense foliage School of Brandon Hill.
7.1.4e Tucked away from Jacob’s Wells Road 7.1.4h Jacob’s Court is a negative late 20th and QEH is a quiet enclave with the century insertion, that has completely raised Rosebery Terrace above John eroded the traditional urban grain; the Carr’s Terrace. At the end is the Grade materials and massing are also completely II listed Field House that backs onto out of character. Brandon Hill. There is an intimate charm and uniqueness to this cul-de-sac, which 7.1.4i York Place is a quiet narrow street would benefit from more sensitive with a terrace of early 19th century street lighting and surface on the raised townhouses that step up to Brandon Hill. walkway. No. 32 Jacob’s Wells Road is a The character instantly becomes a quiet Victorian former police station, now Avon backwater away from St George’s Road Wildlife Trust Headquarters. contained by villas and terraces and providing a mainly Georgian backcloth to views down Brandon Hill.
7.1.4j Queens Parade fronts the Park and focuses on a composed terrace of 14 houses constructed in 1794. These late Georgian buildings each have a stucco façade with limestone dressings and a pantile roof. Other buildings include the ‘Gothick’ style Brandon Cottage, once home to the ‘Bristol Savages’ group of artists, and the late 18th century Brandon House.
Figure 34: Rosebery Terrace looking towards Brandon Hill
34. Figure 35: Queens Parade Figure 36: Group of Grade II listed 7.1.4k At the west end of Queens Parade is buildings, St George’s Road a stretch of traditional Pennant setts and St George’s Primary School, a late 7.1.4l Retaining the traditional character Victorian building in Pennant stone. Here, buildings in this part of the Conservation the steep drop from Brandon Hill down Area is important as recent developments to St George’s Road allows for excellent have gradually eroded the urban grain. At views over the lower rooftops. The design the bottom of Brandon Steep is a cluster th quality of any new modern roof form is of late 18 century buildings, that are a particularly significant, when seen from remnant of the street’s original character. Queens Parade. Strengths Opportunities Surviving traditional buildings reflecting the Sympathetic replacement or reinstatement of historic character traditional architectural details or boundary treatments Intimate character and charm of streets and cul- Scheme to improve street signage and lighting de-sacs away from main thoroughfares along main thoroughfares Superb views into Brandon Hill Park and towards Continued maintenance of traditional materials the Floating Harbour from Queens Parade and features Surviving townscape details, including street Strategy for removing street clutter and lanterns, Pennant paving and setts detrimental impact of street signage or advertising Quality and range of built fabric Improve shopfront design and signage Weaknesses Threats Scale and design of traffic signs and street Continued or increased insensitive street signage lighting along Jacob’s Wells Road and St and lighting George’s Road Poor quality shopfronts and signs along St Continued and increased issues over waste and George’s Road undermining group recycling detracting from the environment Poor maintenance of individual buildings or use Loss or unsympathetic alteration to character of of inappropriate materials buildings and traditional architectural details Poor maintenance of historic townscape details Continued deterioration and eventual loss of including street furniture and surfaces townscape details and street surfaces Large advertising hoarding on the side of listed New developments obscuring or undermining no. 11 York Place views from Queens Parade
35. E 1 1 C 5 A 3 o 6 U t 3 P L 1 P 7 1 1 P 9 3 E E 1 2 R N The Berkeley C 20 E O l 5 B A 2 U 43.3m 2 R a 1 1 E t L E i 1 B N R Y E 8 C p P R 2 E 9 Park Street & Brandon Hi ll Conservation Area A B KE 3 L K s 55.8m LE V E o N Y A P L SQ 25 H O Y Y Theatre 6 E U 2 E AR 6 E E Y ld R E 2 T R 7 L L 7 6 H E CHARPACTER AREie A 5Y : BRANDON HILL 28 E f 1 A BE E B K 8 L f B R 29 K A U K R C U R u s E 3 R E 1 ' LE 0 E C R R 9 5 Q Y 3 E O B 2 N y 1 T E r 1 S B- U l E O 1 S Q A R g o a UA n N 0 t P R N i T s M Y E D i P ld 1 4 i 1 r t E - 1 U B u B S L B A t E s e n C 3 a 3 Statue o 5 b 1 h K ti K 7.1.5 o Character Area 5 1 T a c R c -A a E u l) J d G B to e E s A h E 5 f ri I T R 3 o B N Brandon Hill Park 1 A l f 1 o L 1 U o o A Q h y N 2 S c it a S s E 2 l Y r a e e Stone t E t v i 64.9m L a i D 8 n p E u 42.4m s d U A Lodge K a ( o R r O 9 H E 3G R B T s 0 ' E S 4 E h R e L t ) 2 T s L e l S ) 1 u b o s E E o a o Tank T e 2 56.4m W z h T H i s l c O u 1 L h S E ' S 6 o ( R g 3 i B n e A h s to 4 9 H War e s e u l O 4 C e o 8 Meml e 2 m C H 8 l u Brandon Hill 7 3 n y 2 4 A o A Q le t ( J o 2 7 ke t 4 S r 9 e 81 B 1 1 6 o 4 5 t 5 7 0 1 8 ey 1 0 T l e o 4 E 5 36.3m kes t 9 E 9 7 75.6m r u 0 R 1 e o 9 18 3 T 51.2m P B H to 3 S ath a 1 E P th T 37 T Fort LO 65.2m (remains of) R A 1 H 2 The C Deanery
7 St Brandon's Chapel 6 (site of) Posts 24 es 3 M C 6 su Cabot
S H 1 R Is Tower A 5 J o a O R 9 s 5 5 L H e O 9 N b 5 T re e 72.2m T 8 c A 1 ch C r E a ee y B neA S De T P 1 k R T Oa e o d R R P n B od r n 8 5 o 47.9m E w r 9 a d o 1 1 a r s ' 2 le S t P E a p Ma c h PCs T
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i E l C l G a E R s 6 1 O 4 4 E 2 G T 4 A 0 E 5 R 2 9 Brandon Hill LBG 3 3 1 8 B 0 IG 5 29.0m PH W 3 7 3 2 O 3 LB 6 The O 3 a Field 3 House D 6 L 2 3 A 4 59.4m N E 5 29 2 D Fn
3 3 Brandon Hill 1 2 9 Posts 2 1 25.9m Hall 1 JA 3 b C Bastion 27 1 O 7 B (remains of) 'S Works W E TCBs L L SR O A D Brandon House 46.3m 1 1 P a to t 9 h 2 0 B3 to Brandon House ra 5 nd 1 on Ponds S te ps
m .0 1 8 5 18.9m Playground 2 7 E D 7 A 9 B R E A L P LE S V 1 N U E e 5 E E s C U u O Q 4 o 1 TT H A th 1 G r C E o R S E 2 32.3m w S 2 Chy k Dance Centre in C Oak 5 ry E 1 7 se W N Cottage Water Fort Y ur O N T 2 (remains of) 2 227 0 R 21.6m 7 7ab PK 17 L A es 3 C 8 Berwyn Ho g Goldney E or 5 Lodge of E E Ge rt 6 3 SM C ol D St ou 2 1 ge o RA 60 C 2 S or ch A e S P to 8 3 M G y 's S 4 3 t r ' 9 b 1 S a N 4 t Jacob's 3 3 im E o r 1 5 5 r E c u Court o a 1 P St e a o t 1 U s 38.1m ou J 6 12.8m 0 Q 's H C 1 ge 7 t eor o G 25 1 16.2m S P 6 to 1 7 El Sub Sta t 20 to 1 8 A 2 0 6 e H 3 llevu 35.7m P R Be ge o 1 otta e to C 6 T ge u 2 d t Lo 27.4m t 16 e to I o an s e nd L Cliftonwood T E W 2 1 rlds World's e r Wo Cottage h ' I 3 s it s 1 O dd End e 01 7 o H 4PH 1 LB o 15 House ar 1 N 1 t t S Three Tuns o t d 14 Avon ep 15.2m (PH) S 1 s 9 d 91 Cottage 150 T 11 s 3 o R 1 10 11711 t 1 19 D E 33 H 11 ROA E Map 5e - Character Area 5 P S T 5 Woodwell 125 GE' LEGE STREE E 1 Cottages R T R COL 5 NU GEO LOWE AVE 7.1.5bST Views from Brandon Hill are probably the AY 0 NH 2 11 ER 0 1 - se TH 12 Hou SOU 7.1.5a This character area focuses on the steeply 26 best rtander well-known in Bristol; similarly 6 1 Cha 2 128 12 - 14 SM 2 rounded, largely informalEl landscape views to the park Careity of B rais significant marker This map is reproduced from Ordnance survey material Sub toI College Hotel with the permission of ordnance Survey on behalf M Harbours Sta 6 of the controller of Her Majesty's Stationery office S (FE) ©Crown Copyright. Unauthorised reproduction infringes E´dge ANCHO Crown copyriofght and m ay lBrandonead tto civil proceedings. Hill. A much-loved0 and ofR R OBristol’sAD landscape. Bristol City Council. 100023406. 2010. 1 10.1m 02.55 10 15 20 22 1historically0-026 8 t osignificantMeters public park, it he nt T rfro ILN ROAD ate LIME K occupies2W a prominent hill-top position on 7.1.5c The park is steeply sloping and dotted with 343 the edge of the city centre. It is a popular mature trees, with ornamental gardens lunchtime and picnic spot, with visitors around the base of the tower and a small enjoying panoramic views across the city play area and nature park on the lower and the site of Civil War fortifications. slopes. Some secluded terraced areas to the rear of the park are in a semi-derelict state. 36. 7.1.5e Cabot Tower by V W Gough, 1896-8, was built to commemorate the 400th anniversary of John Cabot’s voyage in 1497 from Bristol to Newfoundland. A tall pink sandstone tower with limestone dressings. From its summit, the Tower affords 360O views of Bristol, however it is currently inaccessible to the public owing to structural defects and ongoing maintenance issues.
7.1.5f The surrounding residential streets date Figure 37: Drinking fountain Brandon Hill in from the Georgian period and are some of a poor condition the most desirable in the city. However, they provide little surveillance to the park 7.1.5d Brandon Hill Fort is a Scheduled Ancient due to a combination of topography, dense Monument consisting of three distinct tree coverage and tall boundary walls. areas of surviving earthwork and masonry fortifications that were originally 7.1.5g There are numerous pedestrian routes constructed in 1642 then refortified by into and through the park - from Great the Royalists in 1643 during the Civil War. George Street (off Park Street), Jacob’s The three areas consist of the remains Wells Road, Queen’s Parade and Berkeley of a revetted bastion and ditch near the Square, although there is a lack of summit of the hill, various banks and pedestrian accessibility into the back of ditches on the southern hill slope and the park (from the top of Jacob’s Wells earthworks, now largely overgrown, Road and The Triangle). Whilst the main relating to the ‘Water Fort’ that stood pedestrian desire lines through the park close to the exiting St George’s Primary are extremely pleasant to walk along, School. It is likely that the surviving they are not overlooked and would be masonry of the bastion has been rebuilt avoided after dark. several times since the Civil War and the internal area of the fort has been 7.1.5h The park boasts some fine street furniture landscaped at various times particularly and boundary detailing, though some during the construction of Cabot Tower in is in a poor condition. The footpaths 1897. throughout have been tarmacked. The area would be greatly enhanced by a scheme to restore or reinstate traditional features.
Figure 38: Hill Fort remains
Figure 39: Path through Brandon Hill from Brandon Steep 37. Strengths Opportunities Panoramic views out across the city Sympathetic replacement or reinstatement of traditional furniture or boundary treatments Quality and diversity of open space Sympathetic scheme improve lighting along main paths Historic significance of park itself and individual Restoration and re-opening of Cabot Tower features Surviving townscape details, including street Restoration and access improvements to lanterns, Pennant paving and setts terraced to north of Park Range of mature, some rare, tree specimens Improved public access particularly at northern end increasing footfall and natural surveilance Weaknesses Threats Sense of neglect, particularly in the northern Threats to views into and out of the Park from fringes and around Cabot Tower new developments in the basin of the City or further afield Poor condition of boundary features Loss and lack of replacement of rare and mature tree species Poor pedestrian access and footfall at the Continued deterioration and eventual loss of northern end giving a threatening atmosphere in townscape details and street surfaces this portion
38. CLIFTONPARK STR &EET HOTWELLS & BRANDON HILL Character Appraisal
7.2 Architecture 7.2.3 St George’s (originally St Augustine’s Chapel) and two villas on the south side of Charlotte Street are good examples of Overview Regency Architecture, together with the 7.2.1 The Park Street & Brandon Hill Conservation Literary and Philosophical Institute (now Area has a rich architectural heritage, the Masonic Hall). dating from the 18th century onwards. Interspersed between grand Georgian 7.2.4 Victorian & Edwardian Buildings: The terraces are Regency villas, Victorian Triangle, Queen Street and Royal Parade terraces and shops, and Edwardian public are dominated by late Victorian and early buildings and monuments. There are few 20th century buildings. There is a variety of buildings from after 1914; these are largely styles and architectural treatment in later the result of post-WWII rebuilding, and buildings. Civic and institutional buildings generally less successful in design terms. have a more flamboyant, Gothic style, while domestic buildings employ a mix of 7.2.2 Georgian & Regency Buildings: are most Gothic and Classical elements. notable in the terraces of Queens Parade, Charlotte Street, Berkeley Square and Berkeley Crescent. Typical features include rusticated ground floors (for stone fronted buildings), six-over-six timber sash windows, parapet with mansard roof behind.
Figure 42: Dutch gables, Great George Street 7.2.5 20th & 21st century Buildings: dating from 1945 onwards are sometimes pastiche, trying to fit in with earlier styles, such as on the south east side of Berkeley Square, or they are uncompromising modernist interjections as in the south west corner of Berkeley Square and the large office block Figure 40: Charlotte Street at no. 31 Great George Street.
Figure 43: No. 31 Great George Street Figure 41: Berkeley Crescent 39. PARK STREET & BRANDON HILL Character Appraisal
7.3 Architectural details
7.3.1 The Conservation Area rich architectural heritage, reflected the quality and diversity of built fabric. The preservation of so many traditional architectural details contributes to the special interest of the area; giving variety and interest to the street scene.
7.3.2 It is important that architectural detail is protected and preserved, as it is often Figure 45: Chimney stacks and pots, Park Street the factor that gives the plainer buildings their character. Particularly in terraces it 7.3.5 Windows and doors are crucial in is the overall consistency of design and establishing the character of a building’s detail that provides the character, and elevation. Original doors and windows, loss of detail on one house in a terrace including their detailing, materials and can be damaging to the whole group method of opening make a significant contribution to the character of the 7.3.3 Roof profilesare fundamental to the Conservation Area. architectural character of a building or group, and contribute greatly to the 7.3.6 Typically, Georgian windows in the character of an area. Alterations at roof Conservation Area are single glazed, level can consequently have a significant double hung, timber sashes, recessed impact on an individual building and the within the window reveal and painted wider context. white. Sashes are usually six-over- six, though there are variations to this pattern. Victorian windows are heavier, one-over-one timber sashes with moulded window horns.
Figure 44: Distinctive valley roof form of Rosebery Terrace
7.3.4 Chimney stacks and pots form striking features when seen against the skyline. Replacement or removal of chimney pots and stacks is discouraged. The terraces Figure 46: Typical arrangement of sash of Park Street have distinctive grouped windows and pedimented door hood stacks, most of which retain their numerous clay pots.
40. 7.3.7 Doors and surrounds are the most 7.3.10 Other fittings can add greatly to the elaborately detailed element of the interest and variety of individual facades. In the locality there are a variety buildings, and the wider area. There of original 6-panel doors with traditional are many small-scale fittings, including door furniture. These have a variety of footscrapers, decorative rainwater limestone Classical surrounds. goods, and door furniture that are often overlooked and replaced. The 7.3.8 Fanlights, a means of providing internal preservation of traditional fittings, hallways with additional light, are and the removal of insensitive modern generally semicircular and appear in alternatives, would greatly enhance the various ornate styles. character of the Conservation Area.
7.3.11 Regular maintenance and painting of traditional doors and windows is essential to ensure that problems of decay are not allowed to flourish. Other architectural details of special interest should be retained, and specialist advice sought on repair, to protect the character and special interest of the Conservation Area.
7.3.12 Where wholesale replacement is needed, the detail of doors and windows must match the originals in terms of glazing patterns and method of opening. Poor quality replacement doors and windows Figure 47: Queens Parade stone door surround have a detrimental impact on the with original fan light and side light panels integrity of individual buildings, and the character of the Conservation Area as a 7.3.9 Balconies are another fine feature of whole as can be seen above (see Negative the Conservation Area, which boasts a Features, Section 9). variety of decorative iron examples, which add greatly to the character of individual buildings and are significant in adding interest to the wider area. Earlier examples tend to be simpler of wrought iron on stone plinths; later Victorian ones become more elaborate in design, some being of stone or decorative cast iron.
Figure 48: Ornate canopied balcony, no. 9 Charlotte Street 41. PARK STREET & BRANDON HILL Character Appraisal
7.4 Materials Policy References 7.4.1 Characteristic building materials are an Bristol Local Plan important factor in contributing to the quality and interest of Conservation Areas, 4.4.51 ‘In Bristol, a wide variety of urban and also give texture and interest to landscapes exist. The character of Conserva- individual buildings. The strong material tion Areas may be varied and informal, such palette seen in Park Street & Brandon Hill as the village development of Montpelier, or unites the area and gives an indication of building ages and patterns of development. more formal such as the spacious suburbs of Where infill or new developments most Sea Mills. The essential character lies not in the successfully preserve or enhance the individual merit of each building, but in their area, they respect their context and the contribution to the character of the area, in- dominant local materials. cluding landscaping, traditional boundary walls and other attractive details.’ 7.4.2 geologically, the Park Street & Brandon Hill Conservation Area mainly sits on a B16 ‘In a group of historic buildings, where a bed of tough Quarzitic Sandstone, known formal and unified design forms an essential also as a millstone grit or Brandon Hill part of the character, new buildings which re- Grit. Nearby, the rockbed changes to produce the appearance of these architectural a limestone. The local Clifton Down elements that contribute to the overall design Limestone is most widely used in quality of the group will be permitted.’ building facades and in architectural details, while the Conglomerate, a B18 (i-vi) ‘Traditional materials should be re- mixture of limestone and Triassic tained, repaired and where necessary replaced, sandstone is a common feature in and not covered with paints or cladding which boundary walls. It is quite a weak building would be harmful to the appearance of the stone, but has a very pleasant rose red Conservation Area’. colour. B18 (v) ‘Prominent original windows’ should be 7.4.3 Other predominant building materials ‘retained and repaired. Where this is not possi- in an area are imported, albeit from ble, replacement windows should be construct- local sources. Pennant stone came from ed to match the original in terms of style, pro- quarries in east Bristol, near Stapleton. portions, colour and materials. Proposed new The very finest Oolitic limestone, used in window openings should not disturb a balanced the most prestigious buildings, may have or composed elevation and should respect the come from Dundry and Bath (Bathstone). size, proportion, material and decoration of existing windows.’ 7.4.4 Building materials not only give texture and interest to individual buildings, they also characterise an area. The strong material palette seen in the area unites it and also gives an indication of building ages and patterns of development. Where recent infills and new developments have failed to respect the dominant palette, these undermines the character of the area as a whole.
42. PARK STREET & BRANDON HILL Character Appraisal
7.5 Relative Merit of Unlisted Buildings 7.5.4 Character Buildings are buildings that make a positive contribution to the overall 7.5.1 Relative to its size, a high proportion of character and sense of place of the the building stock within the Park Street Conservation Area. Their value is in their and Brandon Hill Conservation Area is listed overall scale, form, materials or date, (193 buildings, 28% or which is Grade II*). In which helps form the built backcloth for addition to listed buildings, many unlisted the area. buildings in the Park Street & Brandon Hill Conservation Area make an important 7.5.5 Neutral Buildings are buildings that contribution to its character. Other make neither a positive nor negative buildings clearly detract from the quality of contribution. the area and could be replaced. 7.5.6 Negative Buildings are buildings that, due 7.5.2 For the purpose of this character appraisal, to their location, scale, materials, form or buildings within the Conservation Area have detailed design detract from the special been categorised according to their special character of the Conservation Area. As interest and the degree of contribution such, these buildings offer a potential for they make to the character of Park Street & beneficial change (see Negative Features). Brandon Hill. Individual Negative Buildings are: 7.5.3 Buildings of Merit are unlisted buildings • Howard Building, Elmdale Road that make a special contribution to the • Berkeley House, Berkeley Avenue Conservation Area. These are usually of • Jacob’s Court, St George’s Road particular architectural or historic interest. • QEH Sports Hall, off John Carrs Terrace The identification of a building within the Conservation Area as being of particular merit will be of material consideration in The Relative Merit of Unlisted Buildings has future planning decisions. Buildings of Merit been identified at Map 6 include: • St George’s C of E Primary School Relevant Policy References (extract) • St George’s C of E Reception • St George’s House, St George’s Road PPS5 HE7 • St George’s Court, St George’s Road • The Pineapple Inn, St George’s Road Bristol Local Plan • The Old Police Station, 32 Jacob’s Well’s Road B18 (i-vi); B21 • QEH Theatre ‘Applications for planning permission which • Greek Orthodox Church, University Road would involve the demolition of buildings, • University of Bristol, 35 Berkeley Avenue walls and other minor structures which make • The Berkeley, Queens Road a positive contribution to the character of • Coliseum, Park Row • 8 - 11 Elmdale Road a Conservation Area will not be permitted • 7 Frogmore Street unless there are overriding environmental, • 3 - 5 Brandon Steep economic or practical reasons.’
43. Map 6: Park Street & Brandon Hill Conservation Area Relative Merit of Unlisted Buildings
44. CLIFTONPARK STR &EET HOTWELLS & BRANDON HILL Character Appraisal
7.6 townscape Details
7.6.1 Other features and details in the townscape also contribute to a sense of local distinctiveness. These can range from distinctive boundary treatments and street furniture, to trees and hard landscaping. Individually and collectively they contribute to the overall quality of Bristol’s streetscape. Figure 49: Pennant kerb, steps and flags leading 7.6.2 The Park Street & Brandon Hill from Charlotte Street into Brandon Hill Conservation Area is rich in local townscape details that cumulatively give 7.6.5 There are a number of instances where interest and quality to the street scene traditional street surfaces are in a poor and make a positive contribution to the condition, where setts, steps or slabs are character and appearance of the area. To becoming dislodged and uneven. Original ensure the character and appearance of materials are often lost or overlain the Conservation Area is preserved, these when their condition has deteriorated details should be protected or replaced to the point of becoming dangerous with sympathetic, quality, modern for pedestrians and non-ambulant equivalents. It is the degradation and users. Schemes to restore and regularly disappearance or traditional or locally maintain the traditional street surfaces distinctive details that can threaten to would greatly enhance and protect the undermine the quality and interest of the character of the area promote its historic area (see Negative Features below). context.
Traditional Street Surfaces 7.6.6 A cohesive plan for the future of 7.6.3 Traditional surface treatments such as street surfaces, that reduces the stone setts and paving can be important hotchpotch treatments whilst considering elements in the townscape of an area. maintenance, would greatly enhance the Paving, if well maintained and in high local environment. Where the opportunity quality materials, contributes greatly arises, a scheme to restore the traditional to the character of an area, providing street surfaces would greatly enhance the the backdrop to surrounding buildings routes where it has been lost. or spaces with an intimate charm and distinctiveness. Railings and Boundary Treatments 7.6.7 Railings and boundary walls contribute 7.6.4 The raised Pennant pavement along significantly to the character of the Charlotte Street is also an interesting Conservation Area, particularly around and unique feature that unites the grand Brandon Hill and in the Georgian streets terrace and distinguishes it from its leading to it from Park Street. They add setting. Adding to the charm and character interest and variety of scale in the street of the Conservation Area, particularly off scene and provide a sense of enclosure. streets leading to Brandon Hill, are the number of narrow paths and steep steps, many of which are flagged with Pennant slab.
45. 7.6.8 Early railings have a simple style, usually in Wrought Iron, then became more elaborate during Victorian times as technology in cast iron developed. Many railings were lost during World War II for munitions; those to basement areas were left to prevent accidents in the black-out.
7.6.9 When railings are repaired, the posts should be lead soldered and individually set into the stone coping to prevent corrosion of the foot of the post. Stone should be left unpainted or rendered. In order to retain the character and special interest of the Conservation Area, listed or unlisted traditional boundary walls, gates, gate piers and railings should be preserved, sympathetically restored or reinstated.
Street Furniture 7.6.10 The Park Street & Brandon Hill Conservation Area has a fascinating Figure 50: Listed lamp standard and typical collection of historic street furniture, Georgian railings, 23 Charlotte Street some of which is listed. Street furniture, including letter boxes, lamp standards, Shopfronts and Public Houses and other details, enlivens the street 7.6.13 Shopfronts can be of great importance scene but also reflects the history of the in contributing to the character and area. The appropriate maintenance and appearance of both individual buildings protection of this is important, as is the and the Conservation Area as a whole, need to prevent modern street clutter and can be of historic and architectural detracting from its setting. interest in their own right.
7.6.11 Bristol City Council now owns and 7.6.14 Park Street & Brandon Hill contains a manages 31,000 street lights. In 2004, number of small groups of significant BCC produced a strategy for cast iron shopfronts, many of which retain their posts in Conservation Areas, which small original frontage widths and timber stipulates that existing cast iron street surrounds. The principal concentration lights will be kept and maintained with of shops is in the vicinity of Park Street appropriate lanterns and brackets and and the Triangle, although clusters of where lighting levels are to be raised, traditional shopfronts are also found along cast iron columns will be installed St George’s Road. between existing columns outside listed buildings. 7.6.15 Public houses are scattered throughout the Conservation Area, and are an 7.6.12 Great George Street contains a number of th important historic feature. They enrich Grade II listed lamp posts, mostly mid-19 the local scene and merit thoughtful century, cast-iron with a moulded base maintenance and retention. to a fluted shaft. The lanterns tend to be later 20th century. 46. Relevant Policy References (extract)
Bristol Local Plan
B15(I) ‘Townscape and landscape features that contribute to the character or appearance of streets and open spaces within the Conservation Area should be preserved or enhanced’
Figure 51: Late 19th century stone shopfront The loss of private planting, the removal of surround, Park Street boundary walls and railings, the introduction of car parking into traditional front garden areas, and the loss or replacement of traditional signage, street lighting, paving and street furniture can all adversely affect the character of the historic environment and will generally not be acceptable.
Figure 52: Hope & Anchor timber fronted Public House, Jacob’s Wells Road
47. PARK STREET & BRANDON HILL Character Appraisal 7.7 Landscape & Trees 7.7.1 Trees and green spaces are vital to the quality of urban environments, in both visual and environmental terms. They contribute significantly to the character and appearance of Conservation Areas, and with the local townscape, provide a soft edge and important community focus.
7.7.2 For a relatively small area, Park Street and Brandon Hill has a high quality inheritance of public parks, communal gardens, and private gardens. There are relatively Figure 52: ‘Pride of India’ tree, Brandon Hill few street trees in the area; despite this the Conservation Area has a verdant 7.7.5 The Avon Wildlife Trust pioneered urban and leafy character. The Conservation conservation in Bristol in 1980, by turning Area’s considerable contribution to green a two hectare area of Brandon Hill Park infrastructure and biodiversity includes into a haven for wildlife in the heart of the its planned green open spaces, recreation city. The wildflower meadow includes ox- areas, its private gardens and hedges, and eye daisies, yellow rattle and knapweed. tree-lined streets. A pond provides a breeding site for frogs, toads and Smooth Newts. The butterfly 7.7.3 Hard landscaped areas are also a significant garden supplies food for caterpillars and part of the Conservation Area: that many kinds of butterflies. Birds such as between the Wills Memorial Building and jay, bullfinch and blackcap are seen in the the Merchant Venturers Building is a good reserve. Native trees and shrubs have been quality example planted, and the meadow is cut for hay in July. 7.7.4 Brandon Hill, the oldest municipal open space in the country, is today one of Bristol’s most popular summer picnic spots boasting panoramic views of the city, and spectacular sunsets. This historic park is protected by Policy NE9 of the adopted Bristol Local Plan, and will continue to be protected in the emerging Bristol Development Framework. The park is mostly made up of open grassland, but the summit of the hill is occupied by the Cabot Tower and a water garden. This area is surrounded by mixed trees and shrubs, including a number of rare species. Figure 53: Wildflower meadow, Brandon Hill
48. 7.7.6 Planted green spaces, whether public or 7.7.8 Berkeley Square is a communal garden, private, are extremely important to the maintained by volunteers, established in character and special interest of the area. 1787 by Thomas Paty on a sloping site. The They can add value to their immediate garden is an irregular quadrilateral, mostly context; build a community focus, be of grassed over, enclosed by a low hedge on biodiversity value; be focal points; or all sides. There are gates into the garden provide a green backcloth in views and at several places. There are several trees vistas. planted irregularly in the garden, and some shrubberies and flower beds. There is also a rectangle of levelled ground. The garden is maintained by volunteers. The grass is cut regularly and there is a programme of tree planting being carried out. The garden suffers to some extent from the numbers of people using it. There is a problem with litter, and also with damage caused to the grass, but by and large it is in a good state of maintenance.
7.7.9 The Conservation Area has designated landscapes of national and local Figure 54: Mature trees and shrubs in private importance (NE9): Brandon Hill, Berkeley garden off Brandon steep Square, Byron Place & Berkeley Crescent. The Tree Forum was formed to bring together organisations interested in the 7.7.7 Byron Place Garden was created in the management and maintenance of council form of a private town square for the trees in Bristol. The Forum aims to protect facing terraced housing on two sides and enhance urban trees in streets, parks, of a triangle. It was created circa 1787 gardens and all open space. and contains a number of mature trees, including a Horse Chestnut.
Relevant Policy References (extract)
B15 (ii), NE2, NE3, NE9
‘Historic parks and gardens and other designed landscapes of national and local importance... will be protected. Development which would adversely affect the character or appearance of historic landscapes and, in the case of nationally important sites, their setting, will not be permitted.’
Figure 55: Byron Place Gardens
49. CLIFTONPark Str &eet HOTWELLS & Brandon Hill Character Appraisal 8.2 Residential 8 typical Land Use & Issues Dwellinghouses, Residential institutions, hotels, boarding and guesthouses (C1, C2, C3 Uses) 8.1 Overview 8.1.1 Land uses can have a direct influence 8.2.1 The residential portions of the on the make up of an area, its nature, Conservation Area tend to be characterised atmosphere and character that goes by a high quality townscape, a large beyond the building typology and historic portion of listed buildings or character development. buildings. There is variety in the type of residences some houses are in single 8.1.2 Bristol is the most competitive large ownership, while some of the grand English city outside of London and its Georgian and Victorian dwellings have been central area is the region’s economic hub converted to flats. providing a wide range of employment, cultural, educational and service 8.2.2 Residential streets are quieter, especially opportunities. In recent years it has also away from main routes, with some pockets refound its role as a place where people of mews-type developments tucked well increasingly want to live. The more vital away from the public realm. and vibrant districts tend to be those with the greatest mix of uses, with people 8.2.3 The character of residential areas is most living, working and socialising in the same threatened by neglect or unsympathetic area. alterations. The land values has popularised the area for developers and 8.1.3 The Conservation Area had originally private landlords who let to students; the developed as a residential suburb, resulting conversion of single dwellings contributing to the smaller buildings and to flats can impact on the integrity of the more intimate streets located on key individual building and cause an increased desire lines in the centre. The area has pressure on the public realm for public been shaped over centuries, buildings and waste and recycling provisions. A high adapting over time to meet social and turnover of tenants and absentee landlord economic changes, causing Park Street & can lead to maintenance issues of houses Brandon Hill to become a vibrant, mixed- and gardens. use inner city suburb. Main Issues Affecting Residential Areas
8.1.4 Though it is currently a successful area, • Unsympathetic alterations & loss of traditional there remains a delicate balancing act, as architectural details conflicts can arise when meeting the needs • Unsympathetic replacement doors & windows of different uses. Attributes that define the • Loss of trees wider Conservation Area, and issues that • Loss of boundary treatments and gardens to undermine it, can broadly be linked to four infill/off-street parking categories: • Non-traditional materials • Unsympathetic extensions or alterations • Loss or poor maintenance of traditional • Residential street surfaces or hotchpotch of modern • Institutions & Churches replacement materials • Pubic Spaces • Loss or poor maintenance of traditional street • Commercial furniture • Volume of on-street parking • Wheelie bins/refuse issues • Subdivision of properties into flats adding pressure to the public realm
50. 8.3 Places of Assembly 8.4 retail & Business Non-residential institutions: health centres, Retail, Restaurants, Cafes, Drinking schools, art galleries, museums, libraries, halls, Establishments, Hot Food Take-Aways places of worship (D1 uses) (A1-A5 uses); Business/Office (B1 uses)
8.3.1 The Conservation Area is home to some 8.4.1 The Conservation Area’s retail and business institutions and churches of world renown, activity is vital to its character and to the including Bristol University, City Museum & wider context of Bristol. The presence Art Gallery, and St George’s Church of ‘active ground floor uses’ at ground level - cafes, shops, places of assembly - 8.3.2 Institutions and churches tend to sit in also contribute to a place’s vibrancy, as their own substantial plots, often behind do frequent doors and windows with few high boundary walls, delineating them blank walls, and uses that spill out into the from the public realm. Although many street. of the Conservation Area’s institutional buildings are inaccessible to the public, 8.4.2 Park Street, Queens Road and the Triangle they are recognisable as some of Bristol’s offers a diverse and distinct range of best assets. Given the financial resources retailing experiences including high-end, and aspirations for major institutions, new mainstream, independent, and down- developments and extensions tend to be of market, which functions as one of the a high quality of design. busiest and most well-known shopping centres in the south west. Here there is a 8.3.3 The continued growth and development of buzz of activity and thriving shopping and important institutional facilities is vital in cafe culture. The range of individual shops, securing their ongoing viability and value. galleries and cafes quality of the buildings that house them add to the charm and 8.3.4 Existing and future masterplans, unique interest of this area, which attracts establishing long-term aspirations and many visitors. strategies, may be the best way for larger institutions and the local authority to 8.4.3 A secondary commercial centre lies off establish a planning and environmental St George’s Road, where there is a mix of framework. This would provide a shops, restaurants and public houses. The framework to best manage development busy traffic along St George’s Road makes plans in a sensitive and imaginative way the area less of a shopping destination and that meets the needs of the institutions as there is a sense that many of these services well as the historic environment. are suffering from a lack of passing trade.
8.4.4 Many of the Conservation Area’s grand Main Issues Affecting Places of Assembly houses have now been converted to • Parking pressures, managing needs of office use, notably most of the properties institutions to provide staff and visitor off round Berkeley Square and off Park parking in an area of limited on-street Street. These portions of the Conservation parking Area tend to be quiet, almost deserted • Unsympathetic infill development at weekends. Properties and gardens • Unsympathetic extension or alterations as however tend to be well maintained, buildings are adapted for new uses though pressures to provide commercial car parking can threaten the substantial gardens many sit in.
51. 8.4.5 The retail uses within the area can cause 8.5.3 Public spaces punctuate the residential conflicts with other land users. For portions of the Conservation Area, example, tables and chairs, ‘A’ boards particularly around the Georgian and clutter the pavements; rubbish and food Victorian terraces. While the vast open waste left outside restaurants during the space of Brandon Hill Park dominates the day detracts from the quality of residential entire west side of the Conservation Area. streets; vehicular traffic and parking pressures causes conflicts with residential 8.5.4 Most Squares were intrinsically linked with amenity. the development of the terraces they serve. As such they have a quiet and formal Main Issues Affecting Commercial Areas character, often enclosed by railings and benefiting from mature planting. • Anti-social behaviour caused by late night drinking 8.5.5 The main issues that detract from the • Tables and chairs of businesses blocking quality and enjoyment of pubic spaces pavements relate to lack of maintenance, lack or • Advertisements – A-boards blocking use or concealed location. Dumping and pavements littering, and BBQs scorching the grass, • Litter and food waste obstructing streets affect areas that are tucked away from the during the day public realm. • Wheelie bins • Poor quality shopfronts and signage 8.5.6 The Conservation Area boasts a large • Loss or poor maintenance of traditional public natural space, that serves the wider street surfaces or hotchpotch of modern central area. The public open spaces also replacement materials have important biodiversity value. An • Loss or poor maintenance of traditional increase in street trees from these public street furniture spaces would improve the connections • Lack of parking provisions between public spaces, across the area and beyond. Furthermore, trees have an important role to play in climate change adaptation. 8.5 Public Spaces 8.5.1 Public spaces can be defined as those Main Issues Affecting Public Spaces parts of the city where people can gain • Lack of maintenance of green spaces and unrestricted access (at least during their features daylight hours) for the purpose of • Loss of green space which has biodiversity passing through, meeting, visiting and value to off-street parking or new enjoying. It is where we come together development as a community, not merely a place for • Loss or lack of street trees between public functional movement. spaces • Loss or poor maintenance of traditional 8.5.2 These spaces represent the main public street surfaces or hotchpotch of modern space assets and outdoor activity hubs replacement materials of the central area. These are major • Loss or poor maintenance of traditional spaces located across the pedestrian street furniture route network including: Squares (hard and soft landscaped); Parks and gardens; Map 7 Shows the Predominant Land Use in the Recreational spaces. Conservation Area
52. CLIFTON &Map HOTWELLS 7: Park Street & Brandon Hill Conservation Area Character Appraisal Predominant Land Use
53. CLIFTONPARK STR &EET HOTWELLS & BRANDON HILL Character Appraisal 9. negative features Advertising 9.1 The value or importance of a Conservation 9.5 There is a high quantity of office and Area can be vulnerable to harm as commercial premises within the Conservation negative elements detract from the local Area, many of which in the upper storeys. environment, and threaten to undermine its Over-sized estate agents’ boards are special interest. This can include small-scale frequently affixed to building frontages alterations, loss of traditional features, or when a lease is available. Given the current large-scale developments. Negative features economic climate, this trend is increasing and threats present an opportunity for and boards are staying for a long time. These enhancement or restoration, as detailed in boards detract from individual buildings by Section 9. obscuring frontages and detracting from the wider street scene. The proliferation of Traffic, Parking & Street Signage estate agents’ boards also contributes to a 9.2 The high volume of vehicular traffic through sense that the economic stability of the area the Conservation Area causes conflicts is perilous, possibly in decline. with visual amenity and visitor experience. Along Park Street, Queens Road, Park Row 9.6 A large, private advertising hoarding and Jacob’s Wells Road traffic dominates. dominates the flank wall of the Grade II Visually, it detracts from the qualities of listed no. 11 York Place, along St George’s the townscape. It also impinges on the Road. This greatly detracts from the special enjoyment of the area by shoppers and interest of the heritage asset. The size of tourists, the problem is exacerbated by the the hoarding also impacts negatively on the lack of pedestrian crossing points. Traffic also character of St George’s Road. increases air pollution, which has a direct impact on the sensitive stone facades of 9.7 In residential areas, the lack of regulation in buildings. place to control the size and style of estate agents’ boards means they are a particular 9.3 The proliferation and design of lighting and blight that undermines the street as well as signage throughout much of Park Street & individual buildings. Brandon Hill fails to adopt a sensitive design approach that preserves the appearance of Shopfronts & Signage the Conservation Area. Controlling traffic 9.8 Poor quality replacement shopfronts, flow at major junctions has given rise to a internally illuminated or over-size signage proliferation of large traffic signs, signals, can have a dramatic effect on the quality equipment boxes etc. The buildings and of the street scene. This is particularly views are negatively affected by the signals problematic along Park Row and the Triangle, and signage around the Triangle and at the and in the shops along Jacob’s Wells Road/St south end of Jacob’s Wells Road. George’s Road.
9.4 There is a real pressure for on-street Unsympathetic Infill & Alterations parking throughout the Conservation Area. 9.9 New development or infill that fails to In managing this demand, there is a high respect the character of an area, or ignores volume of parking metres, parking bays the predominant building lines, scale, and associated signage. These additions proportions, details or materials etc. can are utilitarian in design and cumulatively cause serious harm to the special interest detracting from the quality of the of the Conservation Area. Renovation is environment. The problem is particularly more sustainable and will ensure that prevalent along sensitive streets where there the character of the Conservation Area is is a high quality townscape, such as Great preserved. Gorge Street and Charlotte Street. 54. 9.10 In recent years, considerable development 9.15 Unsympathetically sited or non-traditional has been allowed to take place to the street furniture can be highly detrimental south of the Conservation Area boundary, to the public realm, especially in sensitive notably in the Harbourside area and along streets such as Queen Charlotte Street. Deanery Road and St George’s Road. The upper storeys are prominent in views 9.16 Poor quality replacement paving and mix from Brandon Hill and are not always of of paving materials, detracting from visual high quality. Most available sites in this appeal and unity streets area have now been developed, but any remaining development should take into Poor Maintenance of Buildings & Public Spaces account the views from Brandon Hill and be 9.17 The care and maintenance of individual of the highest quality in terms of materials, properties affects the character of the design interest, massing and scale. area as a whole. A major listed building that has been closed for some time is the Refuse Issues Cabot Tower. However, funding for repair 9.11 Refuse, litter and graffiti all undermine the works has been agreed, and at the time of quality of the environment and contribute writing, substantial repair works have been to a sense of neglect in some streets. The initiated. proliferation of wheelie bins and recycling boxes clutters the pavements and impedes 9.18 Other listed buildings, while not empty, may pedestrian movement, particularly on suffer due to absentee landlords failing to collection days. do adequate maintenance work or carrying out illegal alterations. 9.12 Graffiti is not a widespread problem in the area, although there are isolated instances 9.19 Boundary walls and railings are poorly that have occurred, notably in the Brandon maintained in a number of instances Hill Park locality and on Park Street. Street throughout the Conservation Area; this is cleaning is more of a problem owing to the particularly noticeable around Brandon high number of take-away food premises Hill Park and Berkeley Square. In the main, and clubs and bars. Brandon Hill is well used and maintained, the exception is the upper portion where Loss & Poor Maintenance of Townscape Details & lack of maintenance and access issues Street Surfaces contribute to a threatening atmosphere. 9.13 The Conservation Area has a high quality public realm, which includes many original Small-scale Accretions Pennant stone pavements, raised walkways 9.20 Small-scale additions, although relatively and setted streets. Where traditional minor in themselves, can build up to street surfaces and features are poorly have a negative impact. Individually they maintained or replaced with non-traditional may detract from the building itself or materials, this is gradually eroding the be insensitively sited so that they impact quality of the public realm and posing a risk on the wider street scene. The impact of to pedestrians. Where electricity company satellite dishes, telephone wires and poles, or water company works are undertaken external gas and electricity boxes, solar these are frequently patched with tarmac panels, radio masts, boiler flues etc. can be creating a hotchpotch of materials. reduced through careful siting and choice of materials and colours, and removal when 9.14 Traditional street furniture, such as lamp redundant or upgraded. standards, telephone kiosks, post boxes, street signs adds to the quality and special interest of the environment and their loss or damage threatens to undermine this. 55. PARK STREET & BRANDON HILL Character Appraisal
10. management proposals Negative Feature Advertising 10.1 It is expected that the effective management of the Park Street & Brandon Potential Action Hill Conservation Area can, for the most 10.7 Investigate the possibility of part, be met through an effective policy implementing Regulation 7 controls on framework and the positive use of existing estate agents’ boards. development management and enforcement powers. The analysis of the character and 10.8 Seek enforcement action against appearance of the Conservation Area within any breach of planning permission or this Character Appraisal therefore identifies conditions where there is a negative those elements the Council will seek to impact on the character or appearance of protect, as well as negative features, the Conservation Area. which may present opportunities for enhancement. 10.9 Undertake a city-wide review of existing liscenced advertising hoardings 10.2 The following table provides a list of and seek to serve a discontinuance proposals related specifically to those features identified as ‘negative’ in Section notice and removal of any that have a 9. The implementation of the Potential negative impact on the appearance of a Actions may depend on the existing and Conservation Area. future financial and staff resources that Bristol City Council departments work Negative Feature within. Poor Quality Shopfronts & Signage
Negative Feature Potential Action Traffic, Parking & Street Signage 10.10 Where a breach of planning control has occurred, seek enforcement action Potential Action against unauthorised removal/alteration 10.3 Investigate possibility of introducing of shopfronts or signage that has a measures to ease congestion caused by negative impact on the character or commuter parking and rush hour traffic, appearance of the Conservation Area. particularly down narrow streets. 10.11 Encourage appropriate reinstatement of 10.4 Investigate environmental improvement shopfront and signage design (following works to ease conflicts between vehicles guidance in Policy Advice Note 8) in and pedestrians down busy streets. future development management negotiations. 10.5 Encourage a reduction in reliance on cars in the Conservation Area through 10.12 Investigate the possibility of updating increased cycle storage and other existing shopfront/advertisement design provisions such as car clubs in new guidance. schemes.
10.6 Work with other BCC departments, especially Highways and Lighting, on strategies to reduce the impact of street signage in Conservation Areas and reduce redundant signage in future works. 56. CLIFTON & HOTWELLS Character Appraisal
Negative Feature 10.19 Co-ordinate with Waste Services Team Unsympathetic Infill & Over Intensive to highlight specific issues of waste Developments and street cleansing that affect the Conservation Area. Potential Action 10.13 Resist unsympathetic applications which 10.20 Co-ordinate with the Street Scene would harm the character or appearance Enforcement and Clean and Green Teams of the Conservation Area. High quality to ensure action is taken against graffiti/ design and materials will be encouraged tagging that is in breach of BCC’s Graffiti through existing development Policy. management powers. Negative Feature 10.14 Where consent is required, resist Loss of Traditional Street Surfaces & Street unsympathetic alterations or additions Features through positive use of existing development control powers. Potential Action 10.21 Encourage retention/reinstatement of 10.15 Seek enforcement action against any cobbles, setts, stone kerbing, Pennant breach of planning permissions of paving etc.; where those materials are conditions where there is a negative ‘fit for purpose’. impact on the character or appearance of the Conservation Area. 10.22 Encourage like-for-like replacement, provided material is ‘fit for purpose’. 10.16 Ensure that predominant height, scale, massing, footprint, layout, materials, 10.23 Where wholesale replacement is details, roofscape and front and rear proposed work should be undertaken and building lines are respected in line to ensure consistency and quality of with the BLP/LDF policies and findings replacement materials. within the Conservation Area Character Appraisal. Negative Feature Loss or Poor Maintenance of Traditional Street 10.17 Encourage appropriate reinstatement of Furniture & Signs traditional architectural details in future development control negotiations. Potential Action 10.24 Retain or reinstate, and ensure good Negative Feature maintenance of, traditional street Refuse Issues furniture where appropriate.
Potential Action 10.25 Retain and maintain traditional street 10.18 Seek to improve waste storage provisions signs where appropriate. in new schemes through future development management negotiations. 10.26 Support local conservation groups and amenity societies who may seek to maintain or reinstate traditional street furniture in their local areas.
57. Negative Feature ADDITIONAL POTENTIAL ACTIONS Poor Maintenance of Building & Public Spaces Increase Awareness Potential Action 10.31 Increase awareness of conservation 10.27 Seek improvements to poorly maintained issues and understanding of the buildings or land by negotiation through character of the Conservation Area the development management process. through the promotion of this Character 10.28 Investigate possibility of implementing Appraisal and other means. a strategy for using Section 215 Notices more effectively to improve quality of 10.32 Investigate the possibility of producing built environment by the Planning, Private a leaflet for house owners advising Sector Housing or Environmental Health them on what is and is not covered by Teams within BCC. Permitted Development rights and how best to maintain their property in a way Negative Feature that is consistent with the character of Small-scale Accretions the Conservation Area as identified in this Appraisal. Potential Action 10.29 Encourage removal of redundant wires, Direction Controlling Permitted Development alarm boxes, air conditioning units 10.33 Investigate the possibility of etc. in development management implementing a Direction to remove negotiations or seek enforcement action certain Permitted Development where a breach of planning control has rights in order to protect features occurred and the item has a negative considered important to the character or impact on the character or appearance appearance of the Conservation Area. of the Conservation Area. Unauthorised Works Negative Feature 10.34 Seek enforcement action against Poor quality repair and conservation to local unauthorised works where a breach of stone masonry e.g with inappropriate or planning control has occurred and there harmful mortars is a negative impact on the character or appearance of the Conservation Area. Potential Action 10.30 Encourage the use of appropriate lime 10.35 Increase awareness of conservation mortars and relevant conservation issues and understanding of the repairs to stone masonry through character of the Conservation Area positive use of Conservation and through promotion of the Character Development Management powers, and Appraisal. increased awareness of conservation issues and approaches.
58. CLIFTONPARK STR &EET HOTWELLS & BRANDON HILL Character Appraisal
11. statement of community 11.5 The second meeting was advertised in involvement a Bristol Evening Post notice (14th July 2010), and the BCC website. The draft 11.1 Prior to document drafting an initial character appraisal was available to th public meeting was held on 10 May 2010. download from the BCC website along This meeting advised: with details of the public consultation and • What a character appraisal is and why BCC ways to make representations. undertakes them • The general format for character appraisals 11.6 This second public consultation period and the national guidance followed closed on August 31st 2010. • The types of features that make a Conservation Area special 11.7 A walk-about meeting was also held with • The types of features that detract from a members of the Friends of Brandon Hill. Conservation Area • The importance of reviewing boundaries, and 11.8 In addition, BCC’s Landscape Design, identifying unlisted buildings of merit Strategic & Citywide Policy, Central • The projected timescale for the document West Area Planning Team, Conservation production Advisory Panel, Central Area Planning • Details on how and when to make Committee, English Heritage and other representations and contact officers statutory bodies were consulted.
11.2 This meeting was advertised in the Bristol 11.9 The Park Street and Brandon Hill th Evening Post on 7 May 2010. Conservation Area Character Appraisal is available to down-load from the 11.3 The first-stage public consultation ran BCC website at: www.bristol.gov.uk/ th until July 9 2010, and a total of 22 conservation or to purchase from the written responses were received from Planning Service Desk members of the public. 11.10 The Park Street & Brandon Hill Character 11.4 Once the draft document had been Appraisal is available for reference compiled, a second public meeting was from the Bristol Central Library and is th held on 19 July 2010. This meeting available to down-load at: www.bristol. advised: gov.uk/conservationareas; hard copies can • What a character appraisal is and why BCC purchased via [email protected] undertakes them • The general format for character appraisals 11.11 The Park Street & Brandon Hill and the national guidance followed Conservation Area Character Appraisal is • The main findings within the document: available to down-load at: www.bristol. Streets & Spaces, Views, Landmark Building, gov.uk/conservationareas or hard copies Unlisted Buildings of Merit, and Building Ages purchased via [email protected] etc. • How to get involved and make representations on the findings • Details on how and when to make representations • Copies of the draft document were available to take away from the meeting.
59. PARK STREET & BRANDON HILL Character Appraisal
12. Local Guidance, Publications & • SPD 7 ‘Archaeology and Development’ Sources of Further Information • PAN 6 – Off-street Residential Parking in Conservation Areas • PAN 7 – Conservation Policies • PAN 8 – Shopfront Design Guides Information on the Park Street & Brandon Hill • PAN 15 – Responding to Local Character – Conservation Area can be sought from: A Design Guide • Bristol Urban Archaeological Assessment • PAN 17 - Control of Food and Drink Uses • Bristol Parks Forum www.bristolparks.org.uk Bristol’s Environmental Access Standards, 2006 For further information on Conservation Area should also be used by those who are planning, Character Appraisals or conservation issues in designing and implementing schemes in the built general, contact: environment. Urban Design & Conservation City Design Group Bristol City Council’s planning policies are set Planning Services Division out in the adopted Bristol Local Plan (BLP) 1997 Bristol City Council and 2003 Proposed Alterations to the Local Plan. Tel: 0117 922 3097 These documents can viewed at Fax: 0117 922 3101 www.bristol.gov.uk/planning E-mail: [email protected] Further information on listed buildings, Adopted and consultation draft character Conservation Areas, and guidance on character appraisals and details of the programme for appraisals can be obtained from: reviewing Conservation Areas can be viewed at www.bristol.gov.uk/conservationareas National Policy Guidance: • Planning Policy Statement 5: Planning For advice on alterations to buildings or new for the Historic Environment (2010) and development within the Park Street & Brandon accompanying Practice Guide (2010) Hill Conservation Area Conservation Area, contact: English Heritage Publications: Central Area Planning Team • Guidance on Conservation Area appraisals Planning Services Division (2006) Bristol City Council • Guidance on the management of Tel: 0117 922 3097 Conservation Areas (2006) Fax: 0117 922 3417 • The Heritage of Historic Suburbs (2007) [email protected] • Understanding Place: Historic Area Assessment - Principles and Practice (2010) The Park Street & Brandon Hill Conservation Area Character Appraisal & Management Proposals will English Heritage (Head Office) form part of the emerging Local Development 1 Waterhouse Square Framework and should be considered within 138 – 142 Holborn the context of existing Supplementary Planning London EC1N 2ST Guidance (SPGs), Supplementary Planning General Enquiries: 020 7973 3000 Documents (SPDs), and Planning Advice Notes www.english-heritage.org.uk (PANs) including: English Heritage (South West) • City Centre Strategy and Action Plan 29 Queen Square Bristol BS1 4ND Tel: 0117 950 0700 60. For technical guidance and lists of specialist suppliers relating to historic buildings, contact:
The Society for the Protection of Ancient Buildings (SPAB) 37 Spital Square London E1 6DY Tel: 020 7377 1644 www.spab.org.uk
The Georgian Group 6 Fitzroy Square London W1T 5DX Tel: 0871 750 2936 www.georgiangroup.org.uk
The Victorian Society 1 Priory Gardens Bedford Park London W4 1TT Tel: 020 8994 1019 www.victorian-society.org.uk
The Twentieth Century Society 70 Cowcross Street London EC1M 6EJ Tel: 020 7250 3857 www.c20society.org.uk
Institute of Historic Building Conservation (IHBC) www.ihbc.org.uk
61. CLIFTONPARK STR &EET HOTWELLS & BRANDON HILL Character Appraisal
Canted 13. Glossary Term describing part, or segment, of a façade, which is at an angle of less than 90° to another 13.1 glossary of Architectural Terms part of the same façade
Aesthetics Casement Window Relating to, or sensitive to, visual beauty A metal or timber window with side hinged leaves, opening outwards or inwards Accretions A gradual build-up of small additions and layers Cast Iron An iron-based alloy containing more than 2% Ashlar carbon. The molten iron is poured into a sand Finely finished blocks of stone masonry, laid in or cast mould rather than being hammered horizontal courses with vertical joints, creating a into shape. This allows for regular and uniform smooth, formal effect patterns and high degrees of detail to be represented. The finished product is chunkier, Bathstone though more brittle, than wrought iron Even grained, poorly fossiliferous, cream coloured, oolitic limestone. Plentiful in the Bath Cill and Cotswold area and can be sawn when freshly Horizontal base of a window opening or door quarried. Huge quarries opened by Ralph Allen in frame, usually timber or stone the 18th century and connected to wharves on the River Avon. Used for whole buildings, sawn Chimney Stack as squared dressings and corners, or carved as Masonry or brickwork containing several flues, window and door surrounds projecting above the roof and terminating in chimney pots Bay A vertical division of the exterior of a building Classical (neo-Classicism) marked by fenestration, an order, buttresses, A revival of the principles of Greek or Roman roof compartments etc. architecture and an attempt to return to the rule of artistic laws of nature and reason; Bay Window emphasizing formal and spatial qualities of order An angular or curved projecting window and symmetry. Begun in Britain c. 1616 and continued up to the 1930s, though most popular th th Barge Board during the mid 18 -19 centuries Board fixed to the gable end of a roof to hide the ends of the purlin timbers Console An ornamental bracket with a curved profile and Butterfly Roof usually of greater height than projection A roof formed by two gables that dip in the middle, resembling butterfly’s wings. The roofs Corbel were particularly popular in Britain during the A projecting block, usually of stone, supporting a 19th century, as they have no top ridges and beam or other horizontal member were usually concealed on the front façade by a parapet, giving the illusion of a flat roof Cornice In Classical architecture, the top projecting Buttress section of an entablature. Also any projecting A mass of masonry or brickwork projecting from ornamental moulding along the top of a building, or built against a wall to give additional strength wall, arch etc., finishing or crowning it
62. Coursing Flashing Continuous horizontal layer of masonry, such as Strip of metal, usually lead, used to prevent brick or coursed stone water penetration through a roof or dormer
Curtilage Flue The land around a domestic or commercial Smoke duct in chimney property, forming a contiguous unit with it (e.g the garden around a house) Gable The upper portion of a wall at the end of a Dentil Course pitched roof; can have straight sides or be Projecting and intended course of brick or stone shaped or crowned with a pediment (known as a at the eaves, carrying gutter. Various patterns Dutch Gable) are created by different laying techniques Georgian Door Surround The period in British history between 1714- Timber assembly around a door, usually based on 1830 and the accession of George I and death the classical motif of column, frieze and cornice of George IV. Also includes the Regency Period, defined by the Regency of George IV as Prince of Dormer Window Wales during the madness of his father George III A window placed vertically in a sloping roof and with a roof of its own. Name comes from French Glazing Bars to sleep Bars, usually of timber, which subdivide a casement or sash window Dressings Stone worked into a finished face, whether Gothic smooth or moulded, and used around an angle, A style of European architecture, particularly window, or any feature associated with cathedrals and churches, that began in 12th century France. The style focused Entablature on letting light into buildings and so emphasizes The upper part of an order, consisting of verticality, glass, and pointed arches. A series of architrave, frieze, and cornice Gothic revivals began in mid 18th century, mainly for ecclesiastical and university buildings Façade The frontage of a building Hipped Roof A roof with sloped instead of vertical ends Fanlight A window, often semi-circular, over a door in Jambs Georgian and Regency buildings, with radiating Side posts or side face of a doorway or window glazing bars suggesting a fan. Or any window over a door to let light into the room or corridor Lightwell beyond A shaft built into the ground to let light into a building’s interior at basement level Fascia A flat board, usually of wood, covering the ends Lintel of rafters or a plain strip over a shop front, Horizontal beam, usually of timber or stone, usually carrying its name bridging an opening across the top of a door or window Fenestration The arrangement of windows in a building’s façade 63. Mansard Roof Portland Stone Takes its name from the French architect A light coloured limestone from the Jurassic Francois Mansart. Normally comprises a steep period, quarried on the Isle of Portland in Dorset pitched roof with a shallower secondary pitch above and partially hidden behind a parapet Quoins wall. The design allows extra accommodation at Cornerstones of buildings, usually running from roof level the foundations up to the eaves
Mortar Render Mixture of lime, cement, sand and water, used Covering material, e.g plaster, over a stone or for bonding bricks or stones brick surface
Pantile (& Double Roman) Reveal Roofing tile, of clay, with curved ‘S’-shaped The wall structure exposed by setting-back or corrugated section. Double Roman tiles are window or door joinery from the face of the flat in the middle, with a concave curve at one building end at a convex curve at the other, to allow interlocking. Ridgeline The apex of the roof continued along the length Parapet of the roof span A low wall, placed to protect from a sudden drop – often on roofs – and a distinctive feature of Roof Pitch Classical architecture Angle at which rafters form an apex from the supporting walls Pediment A Classical architectural element consisting of Roofscape a triangular section or gable found above the View resulting from a blend of roof pitches, sizes entablature, resting on columns or a framing and heights within the built environment structure Sash Window Pennant Stone A window formed with sliding glazed frames Hard, fine-grained, blue/grey coloured running vertically sandstone. Quarried in South Wales and the Bristol area and commonly used, throughout Setts the country, as a stone roofing or street surface A small rectangular paving block made of stone, material such as Pennant or Granite, used traditionally in road surfacing Pilaster Rectangular column projecting slightly from a Stallriser wall A key element in a traditional shopfront, usually wood, which protects the lower part of the Pitched Roof shopfront and encloses the shop window and A roof consisting of two halves that form a peak entrance in the middle where they meet Voussoir Plinth A brick or wedge-shaped stone forming on of the The projecting base of a wall or column units of an arch generally angled at the top
Pointing Mortar filling between stones and bricks in a wall, which acts as adhesive and weatherproofing 64. Victorian 13.2 glossary of Planning Policy Terms Period often defined as the years of Queen Victoria’s reign (1837-1902), though the Reform Article 4 and Article 4 (2) Directions Act of 1832 is often taken as the start of this Restrict the right of landowners to carry out new cultural era certain categories of development which would otherwise be automatically permitted; where Wrought Iron that type of permitted development would Made by iron being heated and plied by a have a particularly unfortunate effect on the blacksmith using a hammer and anvil. Pre- appearance of the area. The Secretary of dates the existence of cast iron and enjoyed a State’s approval is not required in the case of renaissance during the late 19th century. Wrought a direction made under Article 4 (2) relating to iron is not as brittle as cast and seldom breaks land in a Conservation Area
Building at Risk Register Listed buildings “at risk” are those in danger of being lost due to: lack of use; under-use; disrepair; or dereliction. Alongside a national Register, maintained by English Heritage, the city council also produces a Register of Buildings at Risk, which is revised and updated every two years. Buildings are categorised (1-3) according to their state of disrepair
Character The design, materials and pattern of land use of the built environment provide character and definition to a locality and can enable local planning authorities to better understand the appropriateness of proposed development. (PPS5 Practice Guide para. 34.) It is a government objective that the positive contribution of the historic environment and its heritage assets to local character and sense of place is recognised and valued
Conservation Area “An area of special architectural or historic interest, the character or appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance”. Set out in Section 69 of the Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990. The planning authority has extra powers to control works and demolition of buildings to protect or improve the character or appearance of the area
65. Curtilage Listing Listed Building “Any object or structure within the curtilage A building, object or structure that has been of the building which, although not fixed to judged to be of national importance in terms of the building, forms part of the land and has architectural or historic interest and included on done so since before 1st July 1948”. This would a special register, called the List of Buildings of mean listed building consent is required for Special Architectural or Historic Interest. its demolition, in whole or in part, and for any When a building is listed, it is listed in its works of alteration or extension which would entirety, which means that both the exterior and affect its character as a building of special the interior are protected. Listed buildings are architectural or historic interest classified into grades as follows: Grade I - buildings of exceptional interest Discontinuance Notices (approximately 2% of all listed buildings) Where an advertisement is being displayed with Grade II* - particularly important and more than the benefit of deemed consent, any authority special interest (approximately 4%) may serve a discontinuance notice on the owner Grade II - buildings of special interest, and occupier of the land and on the advertiser, warranting every effort being made to preserve requiring the advertisement to be removed them (94%)
Heritage Asset Landmark Building A building, monument, site, place, area or A conspicuous building or structure that, whether landscape positively identified as having a due to its height, location, specific use or degree of significance meriting consideration detailed design, stands out from its background. in planning decisions. Heritage assets are the May also be a navigation or focal point, or a key valued components of the historic environment. element in views, both locally and in the wider They include designated heritage assets and context assets identified by the local planning authority during the process of decision-making or through Listed Building Consent the plan-making process Listed building control is a type of planning control, which protects buildings of special Historic Environment architectural or historical interest. All aspects of the environment resulting from the The controls apply to any works for the interaction between people and places through demolition of a listed building, or for its time, including all surviving physical remains alteration or extension, which is likely to of past human activity, whether visible, buried affect its character as a building of special or submerged, and landscaped and planted or architectural or historical interest managed flora. Those elements of the historic environment that hold significance are called Negative Features heritage assets Elements within a locality that detract from its special character or appearance, which offer a House in Multiple Occupation (HMO) potential for beneficial change A house which is occupied by three of more unrelated persons, who do not form a single household – this definition is supported by Sections 254, 257 and 258 of the Housing Act 2004
66. Permitted Development planning permission. There are a number of categories of minor These agreements are a way of delivering or works for which a planning application is not addressing matters that are necessary to make a normally needed for certain works to enlarge, development acceptable in planning terms. They improvement, or other alter a dwelling house are used to support the provision of services and as they are automatically permitted by a infrastructure, such as highways, recreational general or special development order as in The facilities, education, health and affordable Town and Country Planning (General Permitted housing Development) (Amendment) (No. 2) (England) Order, 2008’ Setting The surroundings in which a heritage asset is Planning Policy Statement: 5 (PPS5) experienced. Its extent is not fixed and may Sets out planning policies on the conservation change as the asset and its surroundings evolve. of the historic environment. The policies are a Elements of a setting may make a positive or material consideration which must be taken into negative contribution to the significance of an account in development management decisions, asset, may affect the ability to appreciate that where relevant significance or may be neutral
Register of Historic Parks and Gardens Significance Historic parks and gardens are designed The value of a heritage asset to this and landscapes which, because of their layout, future generations because of its heritage features and architectural ornament, are of interest. That interest may be archaeological, special historic interest. Many significant parks architectural, artistic or historic and gardens, which were originally identified in a Register compiled by the Avon Gardens Trust, are Tree Preservation Order (TPO) protected by Policy NE9 of the Bristol Local Plan. The Town and Country Planning Act 1990 English Heritage also maintains a Register of and associated Regulations enables the local Historic Parks and Gardens. Entries are Graded I, authority to protect trees in the interests of II* or II amenity, by making tree preservation orders (TPOs). The making of an order, in general, Regulation 7 Directions makes it an offence to cut down, top, lop, A local planning authority may seek a direction uproot, willfully damage or willfully destroy a under regulation 7 restricting the display tree without our permission of advertising of: various official signs and advertisements; miscellaneous small signs; estate agents’ boards; site boards; signs on business premises; advertisements on flags; posters on hoardings etc. If a Direction is in place it means that the particular category of advertisement can be displayed, but only if it has been the subject of a grant of express consent
Section 106 Agreement Section 106 (S106) of the Town and Country Planning Act 1990 allows a local planning authority (LPA) to enter into a legally-binding agreement or planning obligation with a landowner in association with the granting of
67. © City Design Group 2011 With special thanks to The Friends of Brandon Hill
Bristol City Council Brunel House St. Georges Road Bristol BS1 5UY
[email protected] www.bristol.gov.uk/conservationareas