The Son and Heir

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

The Son and Heir PRAISE FOR THE SON AND HEIR “The Son and Heir is a chronicle that reads like a compelling novel. It can measure itself with the greatest books in the world.” —Pieter Waterdrinker, De Telegraaf (5 stars) “This is an astonishing book! Once you start reading, you can’t put it down.” —Maarten ‘t Hart, bestselling author of A Flight of Curlews and Bearers of Bad Tidings “This is One Hundred Years of Solitude from the Low Countries; this is Europe’s grief. This is Turgenev.” —David van Reybrouck, De Correspondent “A book to make every writer envious and every reader grateful.” —Chris van der Heijden, De Groene Amsterdammer Text copyright © 2014 Alexander Münninghoff Translation copyright © 2020 by Kristen Gehrman All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, or stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without express written permission of the publisher. Previously published as De Stamhouder by Prometheus Amsterdam in the Netherlands in 2014. Translated from Dutch by Kristen Gehrman. First published in English by Amazon Crossing in 2020. Published by Amazon Crossing, Seattle www.apub.com Amazon, the Amazon logo, and Amazon Crossing are trademarks of Amazon.com, Inc., or its affiliates. ISBN-13: 9781542004558 (hardcover) ISBN-10: 1542004551 (hardcover) ISBN-13: 9781542004541 (paperback) ISBN-10: 1542004543 (paperback) Cover design by Jarrod Taylor Cover photography courtesy of the author’s archives First edition For Ellen and Wera CONTENTS The Münninghoffs: A Twentieth-Century Family AUTHOR’S NOTE I was born... PART 1 ONE TWO THREE FOUR FIVE SIX SEVEN EIGHT NINE TEN ELEVEN TWELVE THIRTEEN FOURTEEN FIFTEEN SIXTEEN SEVENTEEN EIGHTEEN NINETEEN TWENTY TWENTY-ONE TWENTY-TWO PART 2 TWENTY-THREE TWENTY-FOUR TWENTY-FIVE TWENTY-SIX TWENTY-SEVEN TWENTY-EIGHT TWENTY-NINE THIRTY THIRTY-ONE THIRTY-TWO THIRTY-THREE THIRTY-FOUR THIRTY-FIVE PART 3 THIRTY-SIX THIRTY-SEVEN THIRTY-EIGHT THIRTY-NINE FORTY FORTY-ONE FORTY-TWO FORTY-THREE FORTY-FOUR ABOUT THE AUTHOR ABOUT THE TRANSLATOR The Münninghoffs: A Twentieth-Century Family AUTHOR’S NOTE While writing this memoir, I’ve changed many of the figures’ names, though the events and occurrences are as I recall them. I was born on April 13, 1944, in Posen, an old Polish city that for centuries had been called Poznań. But when I was born, during a bombardment that seemed to herald the end of time, Posen was a German city, a logistical junction from which Hitler had sent his Nazi troops into the Soviet Union in three waves of attack just one year before. It was a miserable adventure, and Posen paid dearly: gruesome mutilations, the wounded crying out in agony in the barbaric field hospitals, piles of dead loaded onto carts and dumped into trenches. And the endless lines of refugees who only wanted one thing: to get out. My family was part of that drama. And that is what this book is about. It’s about the consequences of the war. It’s about a sly grandfather who became—in the most remarkable ways —one of the richest people in Latvia, but who, two days before the war broke out, was forced to leave everything behind and flee to the Netherlands with his Russian wife and four children. It’s about a naive father who, out of idealism against the Soviets, went to the eastern front wearing the uniform of the SS, only to be destroyed when he returned to the Netherlands. It’s about a mother who, after getting divorced, fled to Germany and was no longer allowed to be my mother. And it’s about me, the grandson, the son, and heir. The Hague, January 2014 Alexander Münninghoff PART 1 THE SMOKING ROOM ONE My first encounter with the secrets that would dominate my life was a discovery I made one lost afternoon in the attic of our house in Voorburg. Behind a few tightly sealed boxes, tucked away beneath a thick hedge of heavy winter coats hung up in mothballs, I found another box way in the back that—strangely enough in hindsight—turned out to be openable. Inside, along with some shirts, pants, and other odds and ends, was a helmet. Jet black and menacingly shiny, it had a black-white-and-red emblem on one side and two bright white lightning bolts on the other. Instinctively, I knew the thing represented a secret. I put it on and skipped downstairs to the smoking room, where the whole family was having drinks before dinner and waiting for the Old Boss to start the daily canasta ritual. It was 1948, and I was four years old. The helmet came down over my eyes, but if I tipped my head back, as if peeping out of the slit of a bunker, I could just make out what was going on in front of me. The first person to see me was my mother, Wera. She didn’t say a word, but I could tell by the look on her face that I had done something bad. She seemed about to jump up and grab me, but then was overcome with an air of resignation and slouched into the corner of the sofa. The rest of the family, gathered around the table sipping drinks, reacted more strongly. Almost in unison, Omi and Aunt Trees threw their hands over their mouths, and Xeno, my uncle, pointed his finger at me. Guus and Aunt Titty looked at each other and then glared at me, their eyes round as saucers. The only one to let out a chuckle was Dr. Van Tilburg, family physician and friend. The Old Boss broke the silence. “Frans! Didn’t I tell you to throw that junk away?” he barked at my father in that raspy, whispery voice that scared everyone to death. My father had been sitting with his back to the doorway and only saw me after standing up and turning around. “Bully, take that thing off right now. Where in the world have you been playing? Give it to me!” my father commanded loudly. “Damn it, Wera, can’t you keep a better eye on him? Sorry, Father, I hadn’t gotten around to it yet. I’ll get rid of it right now.” And true to his word, he snatched the helmet from my head and bolted out of the room and up the stairs. A few seconds later, we heard the attic door slam shut. “Come here, boy,” Grandpa said. When my father left the room, it was as if a weight had been lifted from the family’s shoulders. Everyone became immersed in acting as if nothing had happened—everyone except my mother, that is, who stared silently into space. Naturally, Dr. Van Tilburg was ready with a joke, at which Omi, Aunt Trees, and Aunt Titty laughed long and hard. They shuffled the cards loudly for canasta, the Catholic version of bridge. Frau Kochmann, our fantastic family cook, whom we’d brought with us from das Baltikum, was informed over the in-house telephone that dinner could be served at six thirty and that Dr. Van Tilburg would be joining us. That gave them enough time for another drink and a few practice rounds before the real game after dinner, when there’d be money on the table. I went over and sat on Grandpa’s knee like I always did. Oftentimes, he’d open the big Andrees Handatlas in front of me, and together we would study the map of Europe. Never the Americas, though he did have some good business contacts there, or Africa or Asia, but always Europe. The atlas, which had been printed in Leipzig in 1926, only showed the borders from before the Second World War. These were Grandpa’s borders, the borders in which he had built up his tremendous wealth in humble Latvia, where, through blind luck or fate, he had found his wife and fortune. I loved the Old Boss, and I was the only one in the house who wasn’t afraid of him. The fondness was mutual: Grandpa’s strict face would soften at the sight of me. His dark eyes, always scrutinizing the world around him with mild suspicion, would drop their guard and take on a merry twinkle whenever I was around, and that made me feel better. Usually, he would stand up from his massive oak desk in the smoking room where he had been working, pick me up, twirl me around a couple of times, and set me on his knee. I would reach for the gold watch hanging from his breast pocket on a little gold chain, open it, wind it, and ask him what time it was. He would always report it down to the exact second. After, we’d head over to the big oak bookcase, slide open the glass doors, and start our atlas ritual. Those moments always gave me the feeling that I played an important role in Grandpa’s life, that I offered him distraction from his countless business troubles. And I think that was true. In any case, I was an object worthy of constant attention in Grandpa’s eyes. He took every opportunity to explain to me how important I was, not only to the family, but to him personally. I was the heir to the family name. I didn’t really understand what that meant at the time, but I had already realized that being the only grandchild of a rich grandfather wasn’t entirely unpleasant. “No more nosing around in the attic, you naughty boy,” Grandpa said.
Recommended publications
  • Memoires 1961
    Memoires 1961 Willem Oltmans bron Willem Oltmans, Memoires 1961. In den Toren, Baarn 1989 Zie voor verantwoording: http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/oltm003memo05_01/colofon.php © Stichting Willem Oltmans / dbnl 6 Voor de heer en mevrouw J. van Dijk, directeur Nieuw Baarnse School Willem Oltmans, Memoires 1961 7 Inleiding Door een technische fout ontbraken in het vorige deel (1959-1961) drie dagboekaantekeningen: 18 januari 1961 (dagboek) Penn-Sheraton Hotel, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Tot mijn onsterfelijke ergernis heb ik ongeveer 25 pagina's van mijn dagboek in de Greyhoundbus verloren. Alles is weg, ook de knipsels. Ik was in Chicago geweest en had een lezing in Omaha, Nebraska gegeven. Lunchte met leden van de ‘Ad-Sell Club’ in de Kamer van Koophandel aldaar. Had ook een televisie-interview in Omaha gegeven en een slaapwagen van de Burlington Railroad terug naar Chicago genomen. Gaf vervolgens een lezing in Evaston, Illinois en arriveerde hier met een Greyhoundbus vanuit Chicago. 19 januari 1961 Patrice Lumumba is nu in handen van Moise Tshombe in Katanga, wat me absoluut razend maakt. Zweedse UNO-troepen kwamen niet tussenbeide, toen soldaten van Tshombe de voormalige premier in elkaar sloegen. Hij werd in een jeep gesmeten, nà nog verdere mishandeling. Vier soldaten van Tshombe gingen boven op Lumumba en twee van zijn medestanders zitten. Hij is nu opgesloten in de gevangenis van Jadotville, in het hartje van het koperrijke gebied van Katanga. Ik vrees het ergste. Om 18:30 sprak ik voor de ‘Dutch Treat Club’ in Waynesboro, Pennsylvania. 20 januari 1961 Mijn broer Theo schrijft onder meer uit Kaapstad: ‘This country is completely entangled in the most hopeless human relations.
    [Show full text]
  • De Liberale Opmars
    ANDRÉ VERMEULEN Boom DE LIBERALE OPMARS André Vermeulen DE LIBERALE OPMARS 65 jaar v v d in de Tweede Kamer Boom Amsterdam De uitgever heeft getracht alle rechthebbenden van de illustraties te ach­ terhalen. Mocht u desondanks menen dat uw rechten niet zijn gehonoreerd, dan kunt u contact opnemen met Uitgeverij Boom. Behoudens de in of krachtens de Auteurswet van 1912 gestelde uitzonde­ ringen mag niets uit deze uitgave worden verveelvoudigd, opgeslagen in een geautomatiseerd gegevensbestand, of openbaar gemaakt, in enige vorm of op enige wijze, hetzij elektronisch, mechanisch door fotokopieën, opnamen of enig andere manier, zonder voorafgaande schriftelijke toestemming van de uitgever. No part ofthis book may be reproduced in any way whatsoever without the writtetj permission of the publisher. © 2013 André Vermeulen Omslag: Robin Stam Binnenwerk: Zeno isbn 978 90 895 3264 o nur 680 www. uitgeverij boom .nl INHOUD Vooraf 7 Het begin: 1948-1963 9 2 Groei en bloei: 1963-1982 55 3 Trammelant en terugval: 1982-1990 139 4 De gouden jaren: 1990-2002 209 5 Met vallen en opstaan terug naar de top: 2002-2013 De fractievoorzitters 319 Gesproken bronnen 321 Geraadpleegde literatuur 325 Namenregister 327 VOORAF e meeste mensen vinden politiek saai. De geschiedenis van een politieke partij moet dan wel helemaal slaapverwekkend zijn. Wie de politiek een beetje volgt, weet wel beter. Toch zijn veel boeken die politiek als onderwerp hebben inderdaad saai om te lezen. Uitgangspunt bij het boek dat u nu in handen hebt, was om de geschiedenis van de WD-fractie in de Tweede Kamer zodanig op te schrijven, dat het trekjes van een politieke thriller krijgt.
    [Show full text]
  • Onder Ministers: De Opkomst Van Ambtelijke En Ministeriële Cultuur in Nederland (1795-1919)
    UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) Onder ministers: de opkomst van ambtelijke en ministeriële cultuur in Nederland (1795-1919) Turpijn, J. Publication date 2011 Published in Van Torentje tot Trêveszaal: de geschiedenis van de noordzijde van het Binnenhof Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): Turpijn, J. (2011). Onder ministers: de opkomst van ambtelijke en ministeriële cultuur in Nederland (1795-1919). In H. te Velde, & D. Smit (Eds.), Van Torentje tot Trêveszaal: de geschiedenis van de noordzijde van het Binnenhof (pp. 185-207, 393-395, 434). De Nieuwe Haagsche. General rights It is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), other than for strictly personal, individual use, unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Disclaimer/Complaints regulations If you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: https://uba.uva.nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible. UvA-DARE is a service provided by the library of the University of Amsterdam (https://dare.uva.nl) Download date:01 Oct 2021 Noten Voorwoord 13 Riding/Riding, The Houses of Parliament, 19, en [auteur?] verscheidene artikelen in dat boek.
    [Show full text]
  • University of Groningen Populisten in De Polder Lucardie, Anthonie
    University of Groningen Populisten in de polder Lucardie, Anthonie; Voerman, Gerrit IMPORTANT NOTE: You are advised to consult the publisher's version (publisher's PDF) if you wish to cite from it. Please check the document version below. Document Version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Publication date: 2012 Link to publication in University of Groningen/UMCG research database Citation for published version (APA): Lucardie, P., & Voerman, G. (2012). Populisten in de polder. Meppel: Boom. Copyright Other than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Take-down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Downloaded from the University of Groningen/UMCG research database (Pure): http://www.rug.nl/research/portal. For technical reasons the number of authors shown on this cover page is limited to 10 maximum. Download date: 10-02-2018 Paul lucardie & Gerrit Voerman Omslagontwerp: Studio Jan de Boer, Amsterdam Vormgeving binnenwerk: Velotekst (B.L. van Popering), Zoetermeer Druk:Wilco,Amersfoort © 2012 de auteurs Behoudens de in of krachtens de Auteurswet van 1912 gestelde uitzonderingen mag niets uit deze uitgave worden verveelvoudigd, opgeslagen in een geautomatiseerd gegevensbestand, of openbaar gemaakt, in enige vorm of op enige wijze, hetzij elektronisch, mechanisch door fotokopieën, opnamen of enig andere manier, zonder voorafgaande schriftelijke toestemming van de uitgever.
    [Show full text]
  • De Norm Tegen Vreemde Krijgsdienst
    De norm tegen vreemde krijgsdienst Nederlands regeringsbeleid tegenover vrijwilligers in de Boerenoorlog, de Eerste Wereldoorlog en de Spaanse Burgeroorlog Masterscriptie van Maurits Kok – 5493307 Begeleiding door prof. dr. Jan Hoffenaar Tweede lezing door prof. dr. Beatrice de Graaf Master Internationale Betrekkingen in Historisch Perspectief 15 ECTS 24 november 2016 Universiteit Utrecht Inhoud Inleiding ............................................................................................................... 2 1. Conformeren aan de norm .................................................................................. 8 Naar een nationaal leger ..................................................................................... 9 Norm tegen vreemde krijgsdienst ........................................................................10 Interactionisme .................................................................................................12 2. Stamverwante strijders in de Boerenoorlog (1899-1902) .......................................16 Stamverwantschap ............................................................................................16 Krugers Hollanders ............................................................................................18 Samen ten strijde ..............................................................................................20 Nederland neutraal ............................................................................................23 Kortstondig stateloos .........................................................................................25
    [Show full text]
  • Rancune Als Iets Slechts
    Rancune als iets slechts De publieke opinie omtrent operatie Black Tulip en de annexatiekwestie 1945-1949 B.A. van Leijden, BA Masterscriptie: Geschiedenis van de internationale betrekkingen, januari 2018 Begeleider: dhr. dr. P.H. van Dam 1 Foto op voorpagina: Grenscorrectie bij Elten: NA, inv. nr. 2.24.01.03 bestanddeelnummer 903-3274 Inhoudsopgave Inleiding ..................................................................................................................................... 3 Hoofdstuk 1: Operatie Black Tulip ............................................................................................. 8 Hoofdstuk 2: De annexatiekwestie ...........................................................................................19 Conclusie .................................................................................................................................. 38 Bronnen .................................................................................................................................... 42 Bijlagen ..................................................................................................................................... 46 2 Inleiding Hoe dachten Nederlandse burgers en de politiek over buurland Duitsland, net nadat zij verpletterend verslagen werd door de geallieerden aan het einde van de Tweede Wereldoorlog? Zij hadden verschrikkelijke bezettingsjaren achter de rug en grote delen van het land en de economie waren verwoest. De rancune die er heerste jegens Duitsers maakte langzamerhand plaats
    [Show full text]
  • GERT OOSTINDIE Postcolonial Netherlands
    amsterdam university press GERT OOSTINDIE Postcolonial Netherlands Sixty-five years of forgetting, commemorating, silencing Postcolonial Netherlands GERT OOSTINDIE Postcolonial Netherlands Sixty-five years of forgetting, commemorating, silencing amsterdam university press The publication of this book is made possible by a grant from Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research nwo( ). Original title: Postkoloniaal Nederland. Vijfenzestig jaar vergeten, herdenken, verdringen, Uitgeverij Bert Bakker, 2010 Translation: Annabel Howland Cover illustration: Netherlands East Indies Memorial, Amstelveen; photograph Eveline Kooijman Design: Suzan Beijer, Amersfoort isbn 978 90 8964 353 7 e-isbn 978 90 4851 402 1 nur 697 Creative Commons License CC BY NC (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) G.J. Oostindie / Amsterdam University Press, Amsterdam 2011 Some rights reversed. Without limiting the rights under copyright reserved above, any part of this book may be reproduced, stored in or introduced into a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise). Every effort has been made to obtain permission to use all copyrighted illustrations reproduced in this book. Nonetheless, whosoever believes to have rights to this material is advised to contact the publisher. TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction 7 1 Decolonization, migration and the postcolonial bonus 23 From the Indies/Indonesia 26 From Suriname 33 From the Antilles 36 Migration and integration in the Netherlands
    [Show full text]
  • University of Groningen the Incoming Tide Hollander, Jieskje
    University of Groningen The incoming tide Hollander, Jieskje IMPORTANT NOTE: You are advised to consult the publisher's version (publisher's PDF) if you wish to cite from it. Please check the document version below. Document Version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Publication date: 2013 Link to publication in University of Groningen/UMCG research database Citation for published version (APA): Hollander, J. (2013). The incoming tide: Dutch reactions to the constitutionalisation of Europe. Groningen: s.n. Copyright Other than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Take-down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Downloaded from the University of Groningen/UMCG research database (Pure): http://www.rug.nl/research/portal. For technical reasons the number of authors shown on this cover page is limited to 10 maximum. Download date: 12-11-2019 The Incoming Tide A commercial edition of this thesis will be published in summer 2013. Title: ‘Constitutionalising Europe. Dutch Reactions to an Incoming Tide.’ isbn: 978 90 8952 139 2 Publisher: Europa Law Publishing Copyright © Jieskje Hollander, 2013 Design Joost Dekker i.s.m. de ontwerpvloot Printed by Proefschriftmaken.nl | Uitgeverij BOXPress Published by Uitgeverij BOXPress, ’s-Hertogenbosch This work is part of the research programme Contested Constitutions, which is financed by the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (nwo).
    [Show full text]
  • Historical Social Research Historische Sozialforschung
    Historical Social Research The Official Journal Cornel Zwierlein & Beatrice de Graaf (Eds.): of QUANTUM and Security and Conspiracy in History, 16th to 21st Century Historische Sozialforschung INTERQUANT This Special Issue combines both of the recently emerging fields – conspiracy and security history – for the first time by asking how we can conceive their parallel history from the Renaissance to the present. The new situation of international and national security re- gimes after the Cold War has not only placed security studies at the top of the Political Science agenda, but is also currently causing the emergence of a new field of security history. Likewise, Conspiracies and Conspiracy Theories have found a new great interest in the post- Cold War constellation, particularly following 9/11. There has been hitherto no attempt to conceptualize the development of Security and Conspiracy in a longue durée perspective. Remaining sensitive to the ancient and medieval forerunners, we nevertheless assume that both fully developed conspiracy theories and ‘security’ as a lea- ding political aim are phenomena mainly found in modern history. Both can be treated as dispositives in a Foucauldian sense which challenge each other – real or imagined conspiracies are threats to the security of the state or the commonwealth. Both Security and Conspiracy need to be carefully historicized. This Special Issue offers a sketch of the supposed development of the combined dispositives throughout modern history in addition to a theoretical approach. The contributions combine case studies and methodological reflections from the Renaissance to 9/11 with a majority concerning the ‘high’ and ‘late modern’ periods since 1880.
    [Show full text]
  • University of Groningen the Incoming Tide Hollander, Jieskje
    University of Groningen The incoming tide Hollander, Jieskje IMPORTANT NOTE: You are advised to consult the publisher's version (publisher's PDF) if you wish to cite from it. Please check the document version below. Document Version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Publication date: 2013 Link to publication in University of Groningen/UMCG research database Citation for published version (APA): Hollander, J. (2013). The incoming tide: Dutch reactions to the constitutionalisation of Europe. s.n. Copyright Other than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). The publication may also be distributed here under the terms of Article 25fa of the Dutch Copyright Act, indicated by the “Taverne” license. More information can be found on the University of Groningen website: https://www.rug.nl/library/open-access/self-archiving-pure/taverne- amendment. Take-down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Downloaded from the University of Groningen/UMCG research database (Pure): http://www.rug.nl/research/portal. For technical reasons the number of authors shown on this cover page is limited to 10 maximum. Download date: 03-10-2021 The Incoming Tide A commercial edition of this thesis will be published in summer 2013. Title: ‘Constitutionalising Europe. Dutch Reactions to an Incoming Tide.’ isbn: 978 90 8952 139 2 Publisher: Europa Law Publishing Copyright © Jieskje Hollander, 2013 Design Joost Dekker i.s.m.
    [Show full text]
  • Jaarboek Parlementaire Geschiedenis 2014
    Jaarboek Parlementaire Geschiedenis 2014 Het geld regeert Jaarboek Parlementaire Geschiedenis 2014 Het geld regeert Redactie: Carla van Baalen Hans Goslinga Alexander van Kessel Jan Ramakers Hilde Reiding Jouke Turpijn Centrum voor Parlementaire Geschiedenis Nijmegen Boom – Amsterdam Foto omslag: Minister van Financiën, Jeroen Dijsselbloem, op weg van het ministerie van Algemene Zaken om de begroting aan te bieden aan de Tweede Kamer, 17 september 2013. [Foto: anp/Evert-Jan Daniëls] Vormgeving: Boekhorst design, Culemborg © 2014 Centrum voor Parlementaire Geschiedenis, Nijmegen Behoudens de in of krachtens de Auteurswet van 1912 gestelde uitzonderingen mag niets uit deze uitgave worden verveelvoudigd, opgeslagen in een geautomatiseerd gegevensbestand, of openbaar gemaakt, in enige vorm of op enige wijze, hetzij elektronisch, mechanisch door fotokopieën, opnamen of enig andere manier, zonder voorafgaande schriftelijke toestemming van de uitgever. No part of this book may be reproduced in any way whatsoever without the written permission of the publisher. isbn 978 90 8953 374 6 nur 680 www.uitgeverijboom.nl Inhoud Ten geleide 7 Artikelen Arjo Klamer en Paul Teule, Van kwantiteit naar kwaliteit. Hoe één enkel cijfer zo 13 machtig werd en wat de politiek daaraan moet doen Peter van Griensven en Johan van Merriënboer, De vinger aan de pols. Parlement en 23 begrotingsrecht 1814-2014 Christianne Smit, Van ‘de hatelijkste aller belastingen’ tot een ‘daad van 35 rechtvaardigheid’. De strijd om een inkomstenbelasting in Nederland, 1842-1893 Eric Janse de Jonge, Het budgetrecht in de Verenigde Staten, Engeland en Nederland. 45 Betekenis en actuele stand van zaken Hilde Reiding, Compromis en confrontatie. Over de ontwikkeling en het gebruik van 55 de begrotingsrechten van het Europees Parlement Tom Schuringa, ‘Dus alweer een raad…’ Het politieke belang van de Economische 69 Raad (1933-1950) als adviescollege Ronald Kroeze, Corruptie in de Nederlandse politieke geschiedenis.
    [Show full text]
  • Pdf Document
    Cover Page The handle http://hdl.handle.net/1887/40130 holds various files of this Leiden University dissertation Author: Meiboom, W.E. Title: Bijzonder bestraft : context, analyse en waardering van de bijzondere rechtspraak door de Kamer Groningen van het Bijzonder Gerechtshof Leeuwarden en van cassaties in Groningse zaken Issue Date: 2016-06-08 SUMMARY BIJZONDER BESTRAFT -SENTENCED UNDER SPECIAL JURISDICTION1412 This study contains an in-depth description of the context, analysis and assessment of the special jurisdiction of the Groningen Chamber of the Special Court of Leeuwarden, its succeeding special criminal Chamber of the district court of Groningen and the cassation proceedings of Groningen cases in the period 1945 through 1951. The structure of this study is as follows: - Introduction: Research questions and structure - Section 1: Context - Section 2: Description and analysis of judgments by the Groningen Chamber and the cassation of Groningen case by the Special Court of Cassation - Section 3: Assessment of the judgments by the Groningen Chamber and the cassation of Groningen cases by the Special Court of Cassation - Conclusion - Annexes Introduction On 16 August 1944 Minister J.A.W. Burger officially announced on Radio Oranje1413 that so called ‘Decree-Acts’ or Decrees had been drafted in London for a special system of jurisdiction which had been enacted by the Dutch government in London in December 1943.1414 He announced that the new special jurisdiction would be 'Swift, severe and righteous'.1415 There were no explanatory memoranda or other documents to explain how these objectives should be interpreted or translated into practical details. But statements made by the Dutch Ministers in London made it possible to give a practical meaning to these words.
    [Show full text]