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MYANMAR, JAHR 2016: Kurzübersicht Über Vorfälle Aus Dem Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project (ACLED) Zusammengestellt Von ACCORD, 9

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MYANMAR, JAHR 2016: Kurzübersicht Über Vorfälle Aus Dem Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project (ACLED) Zusammengestellt Von ACCORD, 9 MYANMAR, JAHR 2016: Kurzübersicht über Vorfälle aus dem Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project (ACLED) zusammengestellt von ACCORD, 9. Februar 2017 Staatsgrenzen: GADM, November 2015a; Verwaltungsgliederung: GADM, November 2015b; Grenzstatus Bhutan/Chi- na: CIA, 2012; Grenzstatus China/Indien: CIA, 2006; Geo-Daten umstrittener Grenzen: GADM, November 2015a; Natural Earth, ohne Datum; Vorfallsdaten: ACLED, Februar 2017; Küstenlinien und Binnengewässer: Smith und Wessel, 1. Mai 2015 Konfliktvorfälle je Kategorie Entwicklung von Konfliktvorfällen von 2015 bis 2016 Kategorie Anzahl der Vorfälle Summe der Todesfälle Kämpfe 131 160 Ausschreitungen/Proteste 69 0 strategische 31 0 Entwicklungen Fernangriffe 30 40 Gewalt gegen 27 28 Zivilpersonen gesamt 288 228 Das Diagramm basiert auf Daten des Armed Conflict Location & Event Da- ta Project (verwendete Datensätze: ACLED, April 2016und ACLED, Februar Die Tabelle basiert auf Daten des Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project 2017). (verwendete Datensätze: ACLED, Februar 2017) MYANMAR, JAHR 2016: KURZÜBERSICHT ÜBER VORFÄLLE AUS DEM ARMED CONFLICT LOCATION & EVENT DATA PROJECT (ACLED) ZUSAMMENGESTELLT VON ACCORD, 9. FEBRUAR 2017 LOKALISIERUNG DER KONFLIKTVORFÄLLE Hinweis: Die folgende Liste stellt einen Überblick über Ereignisse aus den ACLED-Datensätzen dar. Die Datensätze selbst enthalten weitere Details (Ortsangaben, Datum, Art, beteiligte AkteurInnen, Quellen, etc.). In der Liste werden für die Orte die Namen in der Schreibweise von ACLED verwendet, für die Verwaltungseinheiten jedoch jene der GADM-Daten, auf welchen die Karte basiert (in beiden Fällen handelt es sich ggf. um englische Transkriptionen). In Bago wurden 2 Vorfälle mit 0 Toten erfasst, an folgenden Orten: Bago, Pyinbongyi. In Chin wurden 2 Vorfälle mit 10 Toten erfasst, an folgendem Ort: Paletwa. In Kachin wurden 73 Vorfälle mit 6 Toten erfasst, an folgenden Orten: Bhamo, Hpakant, Kamaing, Laiza, Myitkyina, Waingmaw. In Kayin wurden 8 Vorfälle mit 0 Toten erfasst, an folgenden Orten: Hpa-An, Kawkareik. In Mandalay wurden 7 Vorfälle mit 0 Toten erfasst, an folgenden Orten: Mahaaungmye, Mandalay, Myingyan. In Mon wurde 1 Vorfall mit 0 Toten erfasst, an folgendem Ort: Mawlamyine. In Naypyitaw wurde 1 Vorfall mit 0 Toten erfasst, an folgendem Ort: Naypyidaw. In Rakhine wurden 41 Vorfälle mit 90 Toten erfasst, an folgenden Orten: Buthidaung, Kanyinchaung, Kyauktaw, Maungdaw, Mrauk-U, Nyaung Chaung, Nyaunggyaung, Ponnagyun, Rathedaung, Sittwe. In Sagaing wurden 6 Vorfälle mit 0 Toten erfasst, an folgenden Orten: Monywa, Sagaing. In Shan wurden 130 Vorfälle mit 122 Toten erfasst, an folgenden Orten: Hsenwi, Hsipaw, Keng Tung, Kokang, Kutkai, Kyaukme, Lashio, Laukkai, Manton, Mong Hsu, Mong Kung, Mong Yaw, Mong Yu, Mongyang, Muse, Namhkam, Namhsan, Namkham, Namtu, Panglong, Pangsang, Tangyan, Taunggyi. In Yangon wurden 17 Vorfälle mit 0 Toten erfasst, an folgenden Orten: Bahan, Dagon Myothit, Dawei, Yangon. 2 MYANMAR, JAHR 2016: KURZÜBERSICHT ÜBER VORFÄLLE AUS DEM ARMED CONFLICT LOCATION & EVENT DATA PROJECT (ACLED) ZUSAMMENGESTELLT VON ACCORD, 9. FEBRUAR 2017 METHODOLOGIE Die Daten, die in diesem Bericht verwendet werden, stammen vom Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project (ACLED). ACLED sammelt Daten über berichtete Konfliktereignisse in ausgewählten afrikanischen und asiatischen Ländern, unter anderem Myanmar. Das ACLED-Team greift dabei auf verschiedene Quellen zurück und klassifi- ziert die Daten nach Ort, Datum, AkteurInnen und Art. Für weitere Details zu ACLED und für den Zugriff auf die vollständigen Datensätze, siehe: www.acleddata.com und Raleigh; Linke; Hegre und Karlsen, 2010. Basierend auf diesen Daten erstellt das Austrian Centre for Country of Origin & Asylum Research and Documentation (ACCORD) Übersichten zu Konfliktvorfällen. Die Vorfälle umfassen folgende Kategorien: Kämpfe; Errichtung von Hauptquartieren oder Basen; gewaltlose strategische Entwicklungen; Ausschreitungen/Proteste; Gewalt gegen Zivilpersonen; gewaltlose Gebietseinnahme; Fernangriffe. Für Details zu diesen Kategorien, siehe: • ACLED – Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project: Armed Conflict Location and Event Data Project (ACLED) Codebook; ACLED - ASIA, 2015 http://www.acleddata.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/ACLED_Codebook_2015_ASIA-CR.pdf • ACLED – Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project: Armed Conflict Location and Event Data Project (ACLED) Codebook, 2017 http://www.acleddata.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/ACLED_Codebook_2017.pdf • ACLED – Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project: User Guide, Jänner 2017 http://www.acleddata.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/ACLED_User-Guide_2017.pdf QUELLEN • ACLED – Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project: ACLED Asia Running file January to December 2015 Version 2, April 2016 http://www.acleddata.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/ACLED-Asia-Running-file-January-to- December-2015-V2.xlsx • ACLED – Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project: ACLED Asia Running file January to December 2016, Februar 2017 http://www.acleddata.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/ACLED-Asia-Running-File-2016.xlsx • CIA – U. S. Central Intelligence Agency: China and India, 2006 http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.gmd/g7820.ct002746 • CIA – U. S. Central Intelligence Agency: Bhutan Administrative, 2012 https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/cia-maps-publications/map-downloads/Bhutan_ Admin.pdf • GADM – Global Administrative Areas: gadm28_levels.shp, Version 2.8, November 2015a http://biogeo.ucdavis.edu/data/gadm2.8/gadm28_levels.shp.zip 3 MYANMAR, JAHR 2016: KURZÜBERSICHT ÜBER VORFÄLLE AUS DEM ARMED CONFLICT LOCATION & EVENT DATA PROJECT (ACLED) ZUSAMMENGESTELLT VON ACCORD, 9. FEBRUAR 2017 • GADM – Global Administrative Areas: MMR_adm.zip, Version 2.8, November 2015b http://biogeo.ucdavis.edu/data/gadm2.8/shp/MMR_adm.zip • Natural Earth: Admin 0 – Breakaway, Disputed Areas, Version 3.1.0, ohne Datum http://www.naturalearthdata.com/http//www.naturalearthdata.com/download/10m/cultural/ne_10m_ admin_0_disputed_areas.zip • Raleigh, Clionadh; Linke, Andrew; Hegre, Håvard und Karlsen, Joakim: „Introducing ACLED-Armed Conflict Location and Event Data“, in: Journal of Peace Research (47(5) 2010 ), S. 651–660 http://jpr.sagepub.com/content/47/5/651.full.pdf+html • Smith, Walter H. F. und Wessel, Paul: Global Self-consistent Hierarchical High-resolution Geography (GSHHG), Version 2.3.4, 1. Mai 2015 https://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/mgg/shorelines/data/gshhg/latest/ HINWEIS Der Großteil der von ACLED erfassten Daten stammt aus öffentlich zugänglichen Sekundärquellen. Es kann daher zur Untererfassung von Vorfällen und Todesopfern kommen. Dies trifft insbesondere auf Opferzahlen zu. ACLED verwendet hierfür die konservativsten Schätzungen. Darüber hinaus können Ereignisdaten in künftigen Aktualisie- rungen korrigiert oder ergänzt werden. Das Fehlen von Information über ein Ereignis in diesem Bericht erlaubt nicht den Rückschluss, dass es nicht stattgefunden hat. Die Grenzen und Namen in diesem Bericht stellen keine Billigung oder Anerkennung durch das Österreichische Rote Kreuz dar. Zitieren als: • ACCORD – Austrian Centre for Country of Origin & Asylum Research and Documentation: Myanmar, Jahr 2016: Kurzübersicht über Vorfälle aus dem Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project (ACLED), 8. Februar 2017 4.
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