Itinerary 21 Days
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Summer/June 2014
AMORDAD – SHEHREVER- MEHER 1383 AY (SHENSHAI) FEZANA JOURNAL FEZANA TABESTAN 1383 AY 3752 Z VOL. 28, No 2 SUMMER/JUNE 2014 ● SUMMER/JUNE 2014 Tir–Amordad–ShehreverJOUR 1383 AY (Fasli) • Behman–Spendarmad 1383 AY Fravardin 1384 (Shenshai) •N Spendarmad 1383 AY Fravardin–ArdibeheshtAL 1384 AY (Kadimi) Zoroastrians of Central Asia PUBLICATION OF THE FEDERATION OF ZOROASTRIAN ASSOCIATIONS OF NORTH AMERICA Copyright ©2014 Federation of Zoroastrian Associations of North America • • With 'Best Compfiments from rrhe Incorporated fJTustees of the Zoroastrian Charity :Funds of :J{ongl(pnffi Canton & Macao • • PUBLICATION OF THE FEDERATION OF ZOROASTRIAN ASSOCIATIONS OF NORTH AMERICA Vol 28 No 2 June / Summer 2014, Tabestan 1383 AY 3752 Z 92 Zoroastrianism and 90 The Death of Iranian Religions in Yazdegerd III at Merv Ancient Armenia 15 Was Central Asia the Ancient Home of 74 Letters from Sogdian the Aryan Nation & Zoroastrians at the Zoroastrian Religion ? Eastern Crosssroads 02 Editorials 42 Some Reflections on Furniture Of Sogdians And Zoroastrianism in Sogdiana Other Central Asians In 11 FEZANA AGM 2014 - Seattle and Bactria China 13 Zoroastrians of Central 49 Understanding Central 78 Kazakhstan Interfaith Asia Genesis of This Issue Asian Zoroastrianism Activities: Zoroastrian Through Sogdian Art Forms 22 Evidence from Archeology Participation and Art 55 Iranian Themes in the 80 Balkh: The Holy Land Afrasyab Paintings in the 31 Parthian Zoroastrians at Hall of Ambassadors 87 Is There A Zoroastrian Nisa Revival In Present Day 61 The Zoroastrain Bone Tajikistan? 34 "Zoroastrian Traces" In Boxes of Chorasmia and Two Ancient Sites In Sogdiana 98 Treasures of the Silk Road Bactria And Sogdiana: Takhti Sangin And Sarazm 66 Zoroastrian Funerary 102 Personal Profile Beliefs And Practices As Shown On The Tomb 104 Books and Arts Editor in Chief: Dolly Dastoor, editor(@)fezana.org AMORDAD SHEHREVER MEHER 1383 AY (SHENSHAI) FEZANA JOURNAL FEZANA Technical Assistant: Coomi Gazdar TABESTAN 1383 AY 3752 Z VOL. -
Chorasmia Medical School from the Beginning Until the Mongol Invasion
Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine R eview article Chorasmia Medical School from the beginning until the Mongol invasion Seyyed Alireza Golshani 1, Fatemeh Seddigh2, Hadi Pirouzan3, Babak Daneshfard*4 1PhD Student, Department of History, Faculty of Literature and Humanities- Dr Ali Shariati, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran, AND Research Office for the History of Persian Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; 2Paramedical School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; 3PhD Student, Department of History, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran; 4MD, PhD Student in Traditional Persian Medicine, Research Center for Traditional Medicine and History of Medicine, AND Essence of Parsiyan Wisdom Institute, Traditional Medicine and Medicinal Plant Incubator, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. Corresponding Author: Babak Daneshfard Address: Research Center for Traditional Medicine and History of Medicine, and Essence of Parsiyan Wisdom Institute, Traditional Medicine and Medicinal Plant Incubator, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. Email: [email protected] Tel: 09166725988 Fax: 07132345145 Received: 25 Jan 2015 Accepted: 15 Jul 2015 Published: 14 Nov 2015 J Med Ethics Hist Med, 2015, 8: 11 © 2015 Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved. Abstract In research on the history of medicine, less attention is paid to the subject of historical geography. Considering the importance of this subject in the history of science, this paper discusses one of the most important science centers in the world. This outstanding medical research center was located in Gorganch city, Chorasmia area, in the Eastern part of the Islamic. -
Evolution of the Zoroastrian Iconography and Temple Cults
O. BASIROV ANES 38 (2001) 160-177 Evolution of the Zoroastrian Iconography and Temple Cults Oric BASIROV 1 Ilchester Place London W14 8AA UK Fax: +44 207 602 9280 E-mail: [email protected] Abstract The Gathas of Zoroaster does not refer to any iconography or temples. Indeed, a doctrinal aversion to such rituals can be detected in his teachings. His seven ab- stract and amorphic Amesha Spentas, for example, are probably the first purely conceptual deities with a built-in deterrent to artistic representation. His pre- scribed places of daily rituals, moreover, are mountaintops and riverbanks, and not temples. Such devotional purity and simplicity is also confirmed by the lack of hardly any archaeological evidence to the contrary in the prophet's homeland in Eastern Iran. This is also the case in the pre-imperial period in Western Iran, where the centre of religion moved early in the first millennium BC. Assyrian annals and many classical writers also confirm that Medes and early Achaemenians did not have any cult statues and temples. The latter, however, soon after forming the first world empire, developed the many aspects of, by now, familiar Zoroastrian iconography. This was inspired, no doubt, by the artistic repertoire of their western subjects, such as the Babylonians, Elamites, Greeks and Egyptians. Nor could the Achaemenians refrain, towards the end of their rule, from building temples, both to house their own sacred fire, and the alien-inspired divine images. These two distinct temple cults, established around 400 BC, appear to have spread throughout the Achaemenian, and later, the Parthian Empires. -
Orphic Thrace and Achaemenid Persia
Orphic Thrace and Achaemenid Persia Diana Gergova The issues concerning the areas in which the Achaemenid presence in the Balkans influenced the culture of ancient Thrace naturally arouse interest amongst researchers. Abundant archaeological material and, even more, the examples of toreutics discovered south of the River Danube, as well as various written sources enlighten the issues (Marazov 1977; Kalojanov 1988; Board- man 2000; Tacheva 2000; Jordanov 2002; Megaw & Ruth 2002; Jordanov 2003; Valeva 2006; Valeva 2008, etc.). The period of Achaemenid presence, influence, diplomatic and commercial exchange in Thrace began in 520 BC with Dareios I leading his forces over the Bosporus and up the Danube, and continued to around 400 BC (Megaw [& Riith?] 2002, 488). Dareios’ intention to enlarge his possessions in Europe (i.e. in Thrace, Macedonia and Greece) involved the incorporation of territories abounding in natural resources, including in particular the gold and silver mines of Thrace. When, in the middle of the fourth century BC, Philip II took control of the mines, he was able to obtain an annual income of 1,000 talents. Where the Thracian logos intertwines with the Scythian one in his discourse, Herodotos narrates the story of Dareios’ route through European lands and details the relations between the Achaemenids and the Thracian tribes, both along the north Aegean coast and along the west Pontic. Naturally, not every aspect was related by him, and, accordingly, reconstructions of Thraco-Persian relation- ships have been accompanied by various hypotheses (Tacheva 2006). Paying particular attention to the lack of resistance on the part of the Thracian Odrysae and the Hellenic poleis along the west Pontic coast, inves- tigators have identified a preliminary diplomatic and strategic organization of Dareios’ march that was not mentioned by Herodotos. -
Sogdiana During the Hellenistic Period by Gurtej Jassar B.Sc, Th
Hellas Eschate The Interactions of Greek and non-Greek Populations in Bactria- Sogdiana during the Hellenistic Period by Gurtej Jassar B.Sc, The University of British Columbia, 1992 B.A.(Hon.), The University of British Columbia, 1995 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS in THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES (Department of Classical, Near Eastern, and Religious Studies) We accept this thesis as conforming to the required standard THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA April 1997 ©Gurtej Jassar, 1997 In presenting this thesis in partial fulfilment of the requirements for an advanced degree at the University of British Columbia, I agree that the Library shall make it freely available for reference and study. I further agree that permission for extensive copying of this thesis for scholarly purposes may be granted by the head of my department or by his or her representatives. It is understood that copying or publication of this thesis for financial gain shall not be allowed without my written permission. Department of OA,S5J The University of British Columbia Vancouver, Canada DE-6 (2/88) II ABSTRACT This study deals with the syncretism between Greek and non-Greek peoples as evidenced by their architectural, artistic, literary and epigraphic remains. The sites under investigation were in the eastern part of the Greek world, particularly Ai Khanoum, Takht-i-Sangin, Dilberdjin, and Kandahar. The reason behind syncretism was discussed in the introduction, which included the persistence of the ancient traditions in Egypt, Mesopotamia, and Bactria even after being conquered by the Greeks. -
Fantastic Beasts of the Eurasian Steppes: Toward a Revisionist Approach to Animal-Style Art
University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations 2018 Fantastic Beasts Of The Eurasian Steppes: Toward A Revisionist Approach To Animal-Style Art Petya Andreeva University of Pennsylvania, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations Part of the Asian Studies Commons, and the History of Art, Architecture, and Archaeology Commons Recommended Citation Andreeva, Petya, "Fantastic Beasts Of The Eurasian Steppes: Toward A Revisionist Approach To Animal- Style Art" (2018). Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations. 2963. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/2963 This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/2963 For more information, please contact [email protected]. Fantastic Beasts Of The Eurasian Steppes: Toward A Revisionist Approach To Animal-Style Art Abstract Animal style is a centuries-old approach to decoration characteristic of the various cultures which flourished along the urE asian steppe belt in the later half of the first millennium BCE. This astv territory stretching from the Mongolian Plateau to the Hungarian Plain, has yielded hundreds of archaeological finds associated with the early Iron Age. Among these discoveries, high-end metalwork, textiles and tomb furniture, intricately embellished with idiosyncratic zoomorphic motifs, stand out as a recurrent element. While scholarship has labeled animal-style imagery as scenes of combat, this dissertation argues against this overly simplified classification model which ignores the variety of visual tools employed in the abstraction of fantastic hybrids. I identify five primary categories in the arrangement and portrayal of zoomorphic designs: these traits, frequently occurring in clusters, constitute the first comprehensive definition of animal-style art. -
A History of the Tajiks: Iranians of the East
A History of the Tajiks ii A History of the Tajiks: Iranians of the East Richard Foltz I.B. TAURIS Bloomsbury Publishing Plc 50 Bedford Square, London, WC1B 3DP, UK 1385 Broadway, New York, NY 10018, USA BLOOMSBURY, I.B. TAURIS and the I.B. Tauris logo are trademarks of Bloomsbury Publishing Plc First published in Great Britain 2019 Copyright © Richard Foltz, 2019 Richard Foltz asserted his right under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988, to be identified as Author of this work. Some portions of chapters 5 and 6 previously appeared in a chapter entitled ‘Tajikistan: The Elusiveness of a National Consciousness,’ in Mikhail Minakov and Yakov Rabkin, eds., Demodernization: A Future in the Past, Stuttgart: Ibidem, 2018, pp. 261–86. Cover design: Adriana Brioso Cover image: Bibi-Khanym Mosque (© Stephen Shucart/Getty Images) All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage or retrieval system, without prior permission in writing from the publishers. Bloomsbury Publishing Plc does not have any control over, or responsibility for, any third- party websites referred to or in this book. All internet addresses given in this book were correct at the time of going to press. The author and publisher regret any inconvenience caused if addresses have changed or sites have ceased to exist, but can accept no responsibility for any such changes. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. A catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress. -
Mahmoud Khayami Elected Honorary Chair Ascicles of Olume F 1 & 2 V Xiii of the Eir
CENTER FOR IRANIAN STUDIES NEWSLETTER Vol. 17, No. 2 SIPA-Columbia University-New York Fall 2005 ENCYCLOPAEDIA IRANICA MAHMOUD KHAYAMI ELECTED HONORARY CHAIR ASCICLES OF OLUME F 1 & 2 V XIII OF THE EIR. BOARD PUBLISHED, FASCICLE 3 IN PRESS The first and second fascicles the West and Iranian Identity. A of Volume XIII of the Encyclopæ- review of these entries will be dia Iranica were published in the presented in the Spring 2006 issue Winter and Spring of 2005, and of the Newsletter. fascicle 3 is in press. The first two fascicles feature over 65 articles INDO-IRANIAN RELATIONS on various aspects of Persian culture and history, including four series of Indo-Iranian relations occupy most articles on specific subjects: 25 entries of the first fascicle of Volume XIII. It on Indo-Iranian relations, three entries would have taken much more space to on Investitures in pre-Islamic Iran, two fully cover, under this one heading, all entries on Inheritance in the Sasanian the areas in which Iranians and Indians and Islamic periods, and two entries have interacted in all periods of their on the Institute of Iranian Philology history. To begin with, there is the in Denmark. Fascicle 2 also features shared origin of the two language fami- Mahmoud Khayami, who has the beginning of a series of 12 major lies, the Iranian and the Indo-Aryan. supported the Encyclopaedia Iranica entries, under the general rubric of The earliest monuments of these fami- project since 1990 and served with IRAN, highlighting the overall aspects lies, the Avesta of northeast Iran and the great dedication as Chairman of the of Iranian history and culture. -
New Evidence of Zoroastrian Iconography of the Late Parthian Period
Iranica Antiqua, vol. LI, 2016 doi: 10.2143/IA.51.0.3117834 NEW EVIDENCE OF ZOROASTRIAN ICONOGRAPHY OF THE LATE PARTHIAN PERIOD BY Barbara KAIM (University of Warsaw, Institute of Archaeology) Abstract: Among several small objects found within the ruins of the fire temple excavated by the Turkmen-Polish team at Mele Hairam were four small bone plaques of the late Parthian period. Although badly preserved, these plaques are important both as evidence of ancient Zoroastrian iconography and as unique scenes depicting ritual acts that were performed inside the fire temple. Keywords: Zoroastrian iconography, Late Parthian, fire temple, Mele Hairam Conducted by the Turkmen-Polish team between 1997 and 2009, exca- vation at Mele Hairam, the site located in the Serakhs oasis of southern Turkmenistan (fig. 1), revealed the remnants of a Zoroastrian fire temple dating back to the first - fourth centuries AD. Several cultic installations uncovered inside the temple building provide valuable information for the reconstruction of ancient fire worship patterns. The same contributory role can be ascribed to images engraved on four small bone plaques of the late Parthian period, that were found within the fallen brick debris of the south- ern temple sector. The place where the plaques were found and how poorly they are preserved both suggest that the object they once adorned, now unreconstructable, had been destroyed already in ancient times, rendering the plaques useless. As such, they had been thrown away from the temple enclosure. Although badly damaged and incomplete, these finds are note- worthy as they belong to a very scanty collection of ancient Zoroastrian iconographic evidence. -
The Silk Road Vol 12 2014
ISSN 2152-7237 (print) ISSN 2153-2060 (online) The Silk Road Volume 12 2014 Contents Silk Road Dress in a Chinese Tomb: Xu Xianxiu and Sixth-Century Cosmopolitanism, by Kate A. Lingley .......................................................................................................................... 1 Images of the Early Turks in Chinese Murals and Figurines from the Recently-Discovered Tomb in Mongolia, by Sergey A. Yatsenko ................................................................................................................... 13 Connections between Central Asia and the Northern Littoral of the Black Sea: the Evidence from Objects with Tamgas, by Sergey V. Voroniatov ................................................................................................................. 25 Some Examples of Central Asian Decorative Elements in Ajanta and Bagh Indian Paintings, by Matteo Compareti ................................................................................................................... 39 The Afrasiab Murals: a Pictorial Narrative Reconsidered, by Guitty Azarpay ........................................................................................................................ 49 The Performance of Pain and Remembrance in Late Ancient Iran, by Touraj Daryaee and Soodabeh Malekzadeh ..................................................................... 57 Russo-Polovtsian Dynastic Contacts as Reflected in Genealogy and Onomastics, by Anna Litvina and Fjodor Uspenskij ............................................................................. -
The Archaeology of the Hellenistic Far East
BAR S2196 2011 MAIRS The Archaeology of the Hellenistic Far East: A Survey THE AR Rachel Mairs CHAEOLOGY OF THE HELLENISTIC FAR EAST BAR International Series 2196 2011 Mairs 2196 cover.indd 1 11/02/2011 14:04:55 CONTENTS CONTENTS 1 PREFACE 3 FIGURES 4 Figure 1: The Hellenistic East 5 Figure 2: Hellenistic Bactria-Sogdiana 6 Figure 3: Ai Khanoum 7 CHAPTER 1: THE HELLENISTIC FAR EAST 8 1.1 Scope 8 1.2 Chronological and Geographical Parameters 9 1.3 Resources, Limitations and Future Publications 10 CHAPTER 2: THE HISTORICAL TRADITION 12 2.1 Modern Histories of the Hellenistic Far East 12 2.2 Greek and Latin Sources 12 2.3 Indian and Chinese Sources 12 2.4 A Medieval European Tradition? 12 2.5 Early Modern Historical Studies 12 2.6 Historical Fiction 13 2.7 Cinema 13 CHAPTER 3: CULTURE AND IDENTITY IN THE HELLENISTIC FAR EAST 14 3.1 The Hellenistic Far East: Cultural Custody Battles 14 3.2 Theory and Archaeological Practice 15 3.2.1 The Colonial Hellenistic Far East 15 3.2.2 Ethnicity 15 3.2.3 Movement of Objects and Transformations in Meaning 16 3.2.4 Space and Landscape 17 3.2.5 Places in Between: The Postcolonial Hellenistic Far East 17 3.2.6 Multilingualism and Administration 18 CHAPTER 4: GENERAL PUBLICATIONS 20 4.1 Introduction 20 4.2 Synthetic Historical Studies 20 4.3 Edited Volumes 21 4.4 Exhibition Catalogues 21 4.4.1 The National Museum, Kabul 21 4.4.2 Loans from the National Museum, Kabul 21 4.4.3 Other Exhibitions of Central Asian Material 22 4.5 Numismatics 22 CHAPTER 5: ARCHAEOLOGY 23 5.1 Introduction 23 5.1.1 History of Archaeological -
THE NEW YEAR's FESTIVALS and the SHRINE OF'ali IIIN By
THE NEW YEAR'S FESTIVALS AND THE SHRINE OF'ALI IIIN ABI TALIB AT MAZAR-I SHARIF, AFGHANISTAN by Jonathan Leonard Lee 0-- Submitted in accordancewith ilic requirementsfor the degreeof PliD The University of Leeds Department of Theology and Religious Studies September1999 The candidate confirms that the work,submitted is his osviiand that appropriate credit has been given where referencehas been made to the svork-of olhers. ii ABSTRACT This study examines the customs and origins of three spring festivals at the shrine of 'Ali b. Abi Talib, Mazar-i Sharif, Afghanistan; namely Nauroz, Janda Bala and Gul-i Surkh. Since these festivals are not part of the Islamic religious calendar, we seek to locate their origins in the pre-Islamic religions of Iran and record the contemporary traditions of these festivals. Since the festivals are assimilated to a shrine dedicated to the fourth Caliph of Sunni Islam, we examine the processes which gave rise to this juxtaposition and how it came about that this shrine came to be considered a rival to Najaf. The Sa1juq and Timurid discovery narratives are examined (Chapters 1-2) in their wider religious and cultural context, followed by an examination of Afghan folklore re- lated to Nauroz and the pre-Islamic religious traditions of Bactria (Chapters 3-4). We con- clude that an important impetus for the founding of this shrine is the fact that, until the arrival of Islam, Bactra had been the paramount pilgrimage and cult centre of the region. Over the millennia, whilst the dominant religious tradition had changed, Bactra adapted to such ideological fluctuations in order to maintain its dominance of the.