The Poem for the Opening of the Picador Cafã©: History •Fi Myth •Fi

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

The Poem for the Opening of the Picador Cafã©: History •Fi Myth •Fi Czytanie Literatury http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/2299-7458.08.25 Łódzkie Studia Literaturoznawcze 8/2019 ISSN 2299–7458 JOANNA MALESZYŃSKA e-ISSN 2449–8386 Adam Mickiewicz University 0000-0001-6925-5907 171 THE POEM FOR THE OPENING OF THE OF OPENING THE FOR POEM THE The Poem for the Opening of the Picador Café: History – Myth – Literature PICADOR CAFÉ... PICADOR In autumn 19181, as Antoni Słonimski recollected years later, on the mem- orable day of the twenty-ninth of November when Warsaw was abuzz and crowds were rambling round the city in hectic excitement – those days when the words “freedom”, “independence”, “Poland”, “communism”, “revolution” did not have any shade of grey ordinariness or even disap- pointment or discouragement – we were full of enthusiasm, strength, and hope. The whole elite of Warsaw gathered on the evening when the Pikador Café was opened. That night the first roots of the literary tradition were put into the soil so as to grow into a tree of contemporary poetry. This soil did not lack fertilisation. The tree which grew had more blos- som than fruit and, admittedly, some branches were bending to fall. With time the tree was turned into the tree of “News”, but the bunch of flowers which matured dried forever in our books, has many beautiful and per- manent scents. During the first evening, Jan Lechoń was reading his poem titled Mochnacki. A tall pale young man, in heavily worn-out jacket attire, reciting his n poem i an emotional voice in a crowded café – this is one of more beau- tiful memories from those years of struggle and work2. And here is the famous poem for the opening of ‘Pikador’: 1 The quotation, after A. Makowiecki, gives year 1818 – possibly a typographical error. 2 sA cited in: A. Makowiecki, Warszawskie kawiarnie literackie, Warszawa 2013, pp. 81-82. Jan Lechoń Jan Lechoń Mochnacki Mochnacki W r. 1832 Maurycy Mochnacki koncerto- Maurycy Mochnacki gave a concert in wał w Metzu. Metz in 1832. Mochnacki jak trup blady siadł przy Pale as a corpse Mochnacki sat at the klawikordzie clavichord 172 I z wolna jął próbować akord po And very slowly began to play chord akordzie. after chord. JOANNA MALESZYŃSKA JOANNA Już ściany pełnej sali w żółtym toną Walls of the full hall already sink in blasku, yellow glow, A tam w kącie kirasjer w wyzłaca- In the corner a cuirassier in golden nym kasku, helmet, A tu bliżej woń perfum, dam strojo- Nearer scent of perfume, strings of nych sznury, elegant ladies, A wyżej, na galerii – milcz serce! High on the gallery - be quiet heart! – mundury. - uniforms. Tylko jeden krok mały od sali go There is just only one step between dzieli, him and the hall, Krok jeden przez wgłębienie dla One step through the hollow for the miejskiej kapeli – city orchestra – On wie, że okop hardy w tej przepa- He is aware the trench of this chasm ści rośnie, keeps on growing, Więc skrył się za okopem i zagra So he hid behind the trench and will o wiośnie. play about spring. Rozpędził blade palce świergotem He made his pale fingers chirp in the w wiolinie treble I mały, smutny strumień spod ręki And a tiny miserable stream flows mu płynie. from his hand. Raz w raz rosa po białej pryska Time and again dew splashes on the klawiaturze white keyboard I raz po raz w wiolinie kwitną polne And time after time wild roses bloom róże. in the treble. Rosną. Większe, smutniejsze, pełniej- They grow. Larger, sadder and fuller sze czerwienią, with redness, Coraz niżej i niżej, uschną, w bas się Lower and lower, they will dry, turn zmienią! into bass! Nie. Równo, równo rosną w jakiś No. Steady, steady they grow into smutny taniec, some sad dance, Rozdrganą klawiaturę przebłagał The expatriate somehow begged the wygnaniec trembling keyboard, I nagle się rozpłakał po klawiszach And suddenly sztajer broke down on sztajer, the keyboard, Aż poszedł szmer po sali, sali Till murmur went across the hall in biedermeier. Biedermeier. Głupio, sennie, bezmyślnie kręci się Silly, sleepily, thoughtlessly it spins i kręci. round and round. Jakieś myśli chce straszne wyrzucić Wishing to erase terrible thoughts z pamięci, from memory, Do piersi jakąś białą przytulił pierś He cuddled to his own chest some 173 drżącą white trembling chest I czuje tuż przy piersi nieznośne And in his chest he already feels THE OF OPENING THE FOR POEM THE gorąco, some horrid heat, I tysiąc świateł w oczach, w czyjejś A hundred lights in the eyes, dimples twarzy dołki, in someone’s face I zapach białej sukni, ubranej And the sweet smell of a white frock, w fijołki. dressed in violets. Nagle złoty kirasjer poruszył się At once the golden cuirassier moved w kącie. in the corner. Sto myśli, jak kanonier, stanęło przy A hundred thoughts like a cannoneer loncie, stood at the fuse, PICADOR CAFÉ... PICADOR Stu spojrzeń obcej sali przeszyły go He was pierced by a hundred swords miecze, of the foreign hall, Wstyd idzie ku estradzie – czuje, jak Shame approaches the stage – he go piecze. feels how it pricks him. Więc do basu ucieka i tępo weń tłucze, So he runs away to the bass and Po tym tańcu szalonym niech ręce bangs it bluntly. przepłucze, After this frantic dance let him rinse Z tych czerwonych, duszących róż off his hands otrząsa płatki, He shakes off petals of those red Rozsypuje po sali w tysiączne stifling roses, zagadki, He spills them round the hall in W sto znaków zapytania, sto szme- a hundred of riddles, rów niechęci, In a hundred of question marks, mur- Nie pyta. Już jest w basie. Już tam się murs of dislike, wyświęci. He does not ask. He is at the bass. He Raz, dwa, trzy, cztery – wali. Niechaj will play there. mu otworzą, One, two, three, four – he bangs. Let Niechaj wyjdą z chorągwią, wyjdą them open him now, z Matką Bożą, Let them go out with the flag, with Niech mu końskie kopyta przelecą po Mother of God, twarzy Let horse hooves run quickly over I niechaj go postawią gdziekolwiek his face na straży: And let them place him in any place Na ulicy stać będzie z karabinem on guard: w dłoni... He will stand in the street with a rifle in his hand… ...Słyszy sala: ktoś idzie, ostrogami …The hall hears: someone is coming, dzwoni – ringing with spurs – Ostrogą spiął melodię, He spurred the melody, and the a akompaniament accompaniment Szaleje, krzyczy w basie, rośnie Rages, shouts in bass, plays a terrible w straszny zamęt – havoc – Ku sali bagnetami już mierzy, już Aims at the hall with bayonets, 174 blisko – already near – I ton jeden uparcie wybija And stubbornly strikes only one tone JOANNA MALESZYŃSKA JOANNA – nazwisko!!! – the name!!! Wciąż czyste, w rozszalałe wplątuje Still clear, it entangles in rampaging się głosy voices I wali, wali w basie murem Saragossy, And bangs, bangs in the bass with Oszalałych Hiszpanów wyciem, dar- Saragossa’s wall, ciem, jękiem The distraught Spaniards with howl- I znów wraca ku górze załzawionym ing, tearing, groaning dźwiękiem – And he comes back to the top with W mazurze – nie – w mazurku idą the tearful sound – wszystkie pary, All the couples begin to dance By całą klawiaturę owinąć mazurka. w sztandary. So as to wrap tightly the keyboard in Zatrzymali się wszyscy w srebrzy- the flag. stych kontuszach, They all stopped in silvery split- A klawikord im ducha rozpłomienia sleeve overcoats, w duszach And the clavichord ignites a spirit in I wzdłuż długich szeregów przewija their souls pas lity, And along extended arrays wraps Tysiąc głów podgolonych podnosi a solid belt, w błękity A hundred of half-shaven heads rise I wszystkie karabele jedną ujął dłonią, into the blue I uderzył w instrument tą piekielną And he held all the karabelas in one bronią, hand, Aż struna się ugięła, ta w górze, And he struck the instrument with płaczliwa. this hellish weapon, I cisza jest w wiolinie. Cisza Until the string bent, the one at the przeraźliwa. top, tearful. And there is silence in the treble. Dreadful silence. Po martwej, głupiej strunie, po fijoł- Across the dead silly string, across ków woni, the violet scent, Po czyichś smutnych oczach, jakiejś Across somebody’s sad eyes, some białej dłoni, white hand, Jakichś światłach po nocy i szeptach Across the lights of the night and w komorze, whispers in the box, Po księżycu, po gwiazdach – mój Across the moon, the stars – My God! Boże! mój Boże! – My God! – Gdzieś się gubi i zwija, przeciera pas It gets lost somewhere and rolls up, lity, wears through the belt, Po księżycu, po gwiazdach, po Across the moon, the stars, the Polish Rzeczpospolitej. Republic. Po sali idzie cisza przeraźliwa, blada Terrible pale silence runs across the I obok tęgich boszów w pierwszym hall rzędzie siada. And sits down in the first row next to 175 Wzrok wlepia martwy, ślepy, w jakiś stout Germans. punkt na ścianie It sets its dead unseeing eye on some THE OF OPENING THE FOR POEM THE I patrzy w Mochnackiego, kiedy grać point on the wall przestanie. And looks at Mochnacki to see when he’ll stop playing. – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – A on, blady jak ściana, plącze, zrywa Pale as a wall he tangles and breaks tony the tones I kolor spod klawiszy wypruwa And he extracts a colour – red - from – czerwony, the keys, Aż wreszcie wstał i z hukiem rzucił And finally he stood up and smashed PICADOR CAFÉ... PICADOR czarne wieko the black lid I spojrzał – taką straszną, otwartą And looked with such a terrible open powieką, eyelid, Aż spazm ryknął, strach podły, A spasm roared, mean fear, and off i z miejsc się porwali: their places they rose: „Citoyens! Uciekać! Krew pachnie “Citoyens! Run! There is a smell of w tej sali!!!”.
Recommended publications
  • Qualitative Changes in Ethno-Linguistic Status : a Case Study of the Sorbs in Germany
    Qualitative Changes in Ethno-linguistic Status: A Case Study of the Sorbs in Germany by Ted Cicholi RN (Psych.), MA. Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Political Science School of Government 22 September 2004 Disclaimer Although every effort has been taken to ensure that all Hyperlinks to the Internet Web sites cited in this dissertation are correct at the time of writing, no responsibility can be taken for any changes to these URL addresses. This may change the format as being either underlined, or without underlining. Due to the fickle nature of the Internet at times, some addresses may not be found after the initial publication of an article. For instance, some confusion may arise when an article address changes from "front page", such as in newspaper sites, to an archive listing. This dissertation has employed the Australian English version of spelling but, where other works have been cited, the original spelling has been maintained. It should be borne in mind that there are a number of peculiarities found in United States English and Australian English, particular in the spelling of a number of words. Interestingly, not all errors or irregularities are corrected by software such as Word 'Spelling and Grammar Check' programme. Finally, it was not possible to insert all the accents found in other languages and some formatting irregularities were beyond the control of the author. Declaration This dissertation does not contain any material which has been accepted for the award of any other higher degree or graduate diploma in any tertiary institution.
    [Show full text]
  • The Exile Mission: the Polish Political Diaspora
    introduction ||| Throughout the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, the Polish nation repeatedly fought ¤rst to retain and, later, to regain its independence after expansionist neighbors Prussia, Russia, and Austria had divided histor- ically Polish territories among themselves in three successive partitions in 1772, 1793, and 1795. The two largest Polish national uprisings—the 1830 No- vember Uprising and the 1863 January Uprising—failed under the over- whelming military might of the partitioning powers. But no oppressors could defeat the spirit of the Polish people, whose national anthem pro- claimed, “Poland is not overcome yet, as long as we are still alive.” Even while continuing their armed resistance, Poles also struggled against the at- tempts of foreign administrations to make them forget who they were and to transform them into Germans or Russians. Poles consciously resisted the politics of denationalization and took special care to preserve and to develop Polish national culture, language, traditions, and history. Their dreams of an independent state became a reality in the Treaty of Versailles: Poland re- gained its independence as a new and democratic state in 1918, after 123 years of partition. The concept of the exile’s responsibility toward the homeland has roots as deep as the 1830 November Uprising, whose failure drove thousands of political émigrés out of Poland. Most of them settled in France, Great Britain, and Belgium, where they carried out activities intended to provide political and spiritual leadership to the nation. The Great Emigration (Wielka Emi- gracja), as it came to be known, produced important Polish intellectual and artistic legacies, weaving together the nation’s Romantic tradition and pro- found patriotic feelings.
    [Show full text]
  • Much Ado About Chopin. Discussion in the Warsaw Press from 1830
    Interdisciplinary Studies in Musicology g, 2011 © Department o f Musicology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland MIROSŁAW STRZYŻEWSKI (Toruń) Much ado about Chopin. Discussion in the Warsaw press from 1830 ABSTRACT: During his Warsaw period, the music of the young Chopin was enthusias­ tically and even feverishly received. And it drew considerably interest from the critics. However, attention should be drawn to the crucial cultural factors that largely deter­ mined the Quality of that critical reflection. Above all, this was a Quite specific period in the history of the nation. The language of criticism gives a fair reflection of moods in the country: growing patriotic emotions, freedom rhetoric and Romantic spiritual­ ity. Added to this, Polish music criticism (in contrast to German criticism) had yet to develop distinctive forms of discourse, but was still seeking a suitable language for the description of music. One may even gain the impression that music criticism was ma­ turing together with the young virtuoso and offering a “youthful” discourse strung out between literary metaphor depicting the scale of listeners’ emotions and impressions and specialist description of playing and composition techniQue. One also notes a growing tension between “amateurs” and “professionals”, leading to polemic and dis­ cussion. It was a most interesting period in the history of Polish critical reflection, one which obliges the scholar to maintain a broad humanistic perspective over the many cultural phenomena of that time (philosophical, literary, artistic and political) which helped to forge the spirituality of Polish romanticism. KEYWORDS: history of criticism, history of aesthetics, discourse, critical language, Chopin reception, Warsaw culture prior to the November Rising During his Warsaw period the music of young Chopin was wel­ comed enthusiastically.
    [Show full text]
  • Apollo Korzeniowski's Poland and Muscovy
    APOLLO KORZENIOWSKI’S POLAND AND MUSCOVY Jerzy Zdrada The Jagiellonian University, Cracow Apollo Korzeniowski’s treatise entitled Poland and Muscovy has escaped the attention of scholars writing about the attitudes of Poles towards Russia in the post-partition era; to date only general summaries of the work have appeared in biographical notes on this “forgotten poet”. Presenting the essential idea of Korzeniowski’s “treatise-cum-memoir”, Czesław Miłosz rightly warns us against the rash tendency to ascribe nationalism to its author.1 In his turn, Roman Taborski, while granting the work “some documentary value”, defi nes it as “a sad testimony to a loss of perspicacity in this writer, who used to be so discerning in evaluating social phenomena”, adding that the treatise is “a historiosophic study which is imbued with extreme national chauvinism and continues the traditions of messianist ideology” by idealising Poland’s historical past and vilifying the Russian nation.2 In his pithy observation, Zdzisław Najder aptly emphasises the fact that “this embittered disquisition […] deals, in passionate tones, with Russo-Polish relations from the time of the fi rst partition” and with Russia’s place in Europe. Korzeniowski, Najder adds, shows Russia against the historical background of “a struggle between barbarism and civilization” as “a contemporary embodiment of Asiatic, Tartar, and Byzantine bar- barism”, thus accusing Western Europe of a “cowardly or naive attitude towards Russia”.3 However true these views may seem, they fail to do adequate justice to the con- tent, the character and the aim of Korzeniowski’s Poland and Muscovy. They do not take into account the connection between Apollo’s refl ections and the views, or rather 1 Czesław Miłosz.
    [Show full text]
  • MIECZYSŁAW KARŁOWICZ's VIOLIN CONCERTO in a MAJOR, OP. 8: HISTORY, STYLE and PERFORMANCE ASPECTS by MAŁGORZATA MARIA STASZE
    MIECZYSŁAW KARŁOWICZ’S VIOLIN CONCERTO IN A MAJOR, OP. 8: HISTORY, STYLE AND PERFORMANCE ASPECTS by MAŁGORZATA MARIA STASZEWSKA (Under the Direction of Stephen Valdez and Levon Ambartsumian) ABSTRACT The Polish violin concerto literature includes a fine concerto that is rarely performed outside of Poland: Mieczysław Karłowicz’s (1876-1909) Violin Concerto in A major, Op. 8, written in 1902. Today the concerto is widely played in Poland, but it still has not earned a strong reputation abroad. The possible reasons for its lack of popularity are the short life of the composer, which gave him little time to promote the piece, and his conflict with the Polish musical establishment, which banned performances of his music. The literature regarding the piece is limited, especially in English. Occasional reviews/articles or CD liner notes mention its excellent idiomatic violin writing, but this issue is not discussed in detail. The lack of worldwide publications of the part, the rare recordings by international performers, and the absence of scholarly analyses on the performance aspects of the piece contribute to its obscurity. The goal of this study is to promote the piece by presenting its values: a skillfully outlined form, idiomatic violin writing, expressive musical content, and the combination of both virtuosic technique and musical interest. Chapter one provides a sketch of the historical background of the Polish violin concerto’s evolution, followed by Karłowicz’s biographical information and work style description focusing on his Violin Concerto. Chapter two is a formal analysis of the piece illustrated by analytical charts and musical examples. Chapter three discusses the technical and editorial violin issues, phrasing, and sound production problems related to its performance.
    [Show full text]
  • Political Murder and the Victory of Ethnic Nationalism in Interwar Poland
    POLITICAL MURDER AND THE VICTORY OF ETHNIC NATIONALISM IN INTERWAR POLAND by Paul Brykczynski A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (History) in the University of Michigan 2013 Doctoral Committee: Professor Brian Porter-Szűcs, Chair Professor Ronald G. Suny Professor Geneviéve Zubrzycki Professor Robert Blobaum, University of West Virginia DEDICATION In memory of my Grandfather, Andrzej Pieczyński, who never talked about patriotism but whose life bore witness to its most beautiful traditions and who, among many other things, taught me both to love the modern history of Poland and to think about it critically. ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS In a project such as this, there are innumerable people to thank. While I know that this list will never be comprehensive, I will nevertheless do my best to acknowledge at least some of those without whom this work would not have been possible. Most important, there will never be a way to adequately thank my wife and best friend, Andrea, for standing by me 150% through this long and often difficult journey. Working on a PhD certainly has its ups and downs and, without Andrea, I would not have made it through the latter. Her faith in my work and in the path I had chosen never wavered, even when mine occasionally did. With that kind of support, one can accomplish anything one set one’s mind to. An enormous thank you must go to my parents, Mikołaj and Ewa Brykczyński. Despite being uprooted from their culture by the travails of political emigration, they somehow found the strength to raise me with the traditions of the Central European Intelligentsia—that is to say in an environment where books were read, ideas were discussed, and intellectual curiosity was valued and encouraged.
    [Show full text]
  • Sfinks Słowiański I Mumia Polska (Slavic Sphinx and Polish Mummy)
    H-Poland Jędrzejewski on Rudaś-Grodzka, 'Sfinks słowiański i mumia polska' Review published on Monday, December 14, 2020 Monika Rudaś-Grodzka. Sfinks słowiański i mumia polska. Warsaw: Instytut Badań Literackich Polskiej Akademii Nauk, 2013. Maps. 392 pp. 27 złoty (paper), ISBN 978-83-61750-32-1. Reviewed by Tomasz Jędrzejewski (Warsaw University) Published on H-Poland (December, 2020) Commissioned by Anna Muller (University of Michigan - Dearborn) Printable Version: https://www.h-net.org/reviews/showpdf.php?id=53177 Rereading Polish Romantic Slavdom Interest in Slavic history (histories), culture(s), and literature(s) increased among Polish scholars, critics, and poets after the partition of Poland in 1795. In the last quarter of the eighteenth century and first decades of the nineteenth, political nonexistence was compensated by the question of whether Slavs had come to the attention of European thinkers and writers. The famous fourth chapter of Johann Gotfried Herder’s Ideas on the Philosophy of the History of Mankind( Ideen zur Philosophie der Geschichte der Menschheit [1784-91]) gave an impulse to Romantic philosophy of Slavic history. Polish poets and critics became zealous heirs of Herder’s theory. How did they use this heritage? How did the Slavic idea evolve in Polish post-partition literature? These are the problems Monika Rudaś-Grodzka discusses in her Sfinks słowiański i mumia polska (Slavic sphinx and Polish mummy). The book concerns not only the Slavic issue but also Slavdom within the context of Polishness and the construction of the nation. The author begins with the assertion that these two ideas—Slavdom and Polishness—shaped Polish Romantic literature.
    [Show full text]
  • The Poem for the Opening of the Picador Café
    Czytanie Literatury http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/2299-7458.08.25 Łódzkie Studia Literaturoznawcze 8/2019 ISSN 2299–7458 JOANNA MALESZYŃSKA e-ISSN 2449–8386 Adam Mickiewicz University 0000-0001-6925-5907 171 THE POEM FOR THE OPENING OF THE PICADOR CAFÉ... PICADOR THE OF OPENING THE FOR POEM THE The Poem for the Opening of the Picador Café: History – Myth – Literature In autumn 19181, as Antoni Słonimski recollected years later, on the mem- orable day of the twenty-ninth of November when Warsaw was abuzz and crowds were rambling round the city in hectic excitement – those days when the words “freedom”, “independence”, “Poland”, “communism”, “revolution” did not have any shade of grey ordinariness or even disap- pointment or discouragement – we were full of enthusiasm, strength, and hope. The whole elite of Warsaw gathered on the evening when the Pikador Café was opened. That night the first roots of the literary tradition were put into the soil so as to grow into a tree of contemporary poetry. This soil did not lack fertilisation. The tree which grew had more blos- som than fruit and, admittedly, some branches were bending to fall. With time the tree was turned into the tree of “News”, but the bunch of flowers which matured dried forever in our books, has many beautiful and per- manent scents. During the first evening, Jan Lechoń was reading his poem titled Mochnacki. A tall pale young man, in heavily worn-out jacket attire, reciting his poem in an emotional voice in a crowded café – this is one of more beau- tiful memories from those years of struggle and work2.
    [Show full text]
  • Kwartalnik Historyczny 2019 Eng.-Lang.Ed. 3
    Kwartalnik Historyczny Vol. CXXVI, 2019 Eng.-Language Edition no. 3, pp. 61–96 PL ISSN 0023-5903 PIOTR KULIGOWSKI https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6251-0482 Department of History, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań Centre de recherche en histoire européenne comparée, Université Paris-Est Créteil THE PATHOGENESIS OF THE PUBLIC SPHERE IN EXILE: ANARCHY AND UNITY IN THE POLITICAL THOUGHT AND * MENTALITY OF THE GREAT POLISH EMIGRATION A b s t r a c t: The post-1831 Great Emigration created conditions that were particularly favourable for the development of Polish political thought. This development, how- ever, would have progressed at a considerably slower tempo without the deepening of ideopolitical differences, which put paid to any belief that the émigrés would reach unity. Paradoxically, successive rifts were often justified exactly by the aspiration to implement the concept of ‘unity’. The present article focuses on an issue-based analy- sis of the tensions between the categories of ‘unity’ and ‘anarchy’, and discusses the mechanism which led to the emergence of the public sphere in exile. K e y w o r d s: anarchy, Paris, public sphere, the Great Polish Emigration, unity. In many parts of Europe, the turn of the nineteenth century may be con- sidered as the period of development of civic spheres of discussion and discourse which were autonomous with respect to the authorities. Very often, the topics of such debates were seemingly apolitical, focusing on issues such as art or morality. Ultimately, however, the very fact that they were being held turned out to have a political effect, for it led to the creation of public spheres with which officialdom increasingly had to reckon.
    [Show full text]
  • 2020/ 2021 Poczet Dyrektorów I Rektorów Warszawskiej Uczelni Muzycznej
    2020/ 2021 POCZET DYREKTORÓW I REKTORÓW WARSZAWSKIEJ UCZELNI MUZYCZNEJ GALLERY OF PORTRAITS OF DIRECTORS AND RECTORS OF WARSAW’S UNIVERSITY OF MUSIC 1810–1814 1814–1816 1816–1830 1861–1879 1910–1918 1922–1927 1927–1929, 1930–1931 1929–1930, 1931–1932 Wojciech Bogusławski Ludwik Osiński Józef Elsner Apolinary Kątski Stanisław Barcewicz Henryk Melcer Karol Szymanowski Zbigniew Drzewiecki 1879–1888 1888–1891 1891–1903 1903–1907, 1919–1922 1932–1939 1945–1951 1951–1957 1957–1966 Aleksander Zarzycki Rudolf Strobl Gustaw Roguski Emil Młynarski Eugeniusz Morawski Stanisław Kazuro Stanisław Szpinalski Kazimierz Sikorski 1966–1969 1969–1971 1972–1973 1973–1975 Teodor Zalewski Tadeusz Paciorkiewicz Regina Smendzianka Tadeusz Wroński 1975–1978 1978–1981 1981–1987 1987–1993 Tadeusz Maklakiewicz Bogusław Madey Andrzej Rakowski Kazimierz Gierżod 1993–1999 2005–2012 1999-2005, 2012–2016 Andrzej Chorosiński Stanisław Moryto Ryszard Zimak SEZON SEASON 2020/2021 fot. Robert Żełaniec 6 7 SŁOWO WSTĘPNE FOREWORD Duczmal, Monika Wolińska, Stefanos Tsialis, Mirosław Duczmal, Monika Wolińska, Stefanos Tsialis, Mirosław Jacek Błaszczyk, Łukasz Borowicz, Michał Klauza, Paweł Jacek Błaszczyk, Łukasz Borowicz, Michał Klauza, Paweł Szanowni Państwo! Dear Ladies and Gentlemen! Przytocki, Rafał Janiak, Maciej Tomasiewicz. Zabrzmią Przytocki, Rafał Janiak, or Maciej Tomasiewicz. You will najsłynniejsze dzieła muzyki orkiestrowej, m.in. Wolf- hear some of the most famous orchestral works Wolfgang Z radością witamy Państwa w sezonie artystycznym We are pleased to welcome the new artistic season of ganga Amadeusza Mozarta, Ludwiga van Beethovena, Amadeus Mozart, Ludwig van Beethoven, Gustav Mahl- 2020/2021 w Uniwersytecie Muzycznym Fryderyka Cho- 2020/2021 at the Chopin University of Music. It is a spe- Gustava Mahlera, Béli Bartóka, Igora Strawińskiego, er, Béla Bartók, Igor Stravinsky, Dmitri Shostakovich, and pina.
    [Show full text]
  • Positivism in Poland Was Synthesized Into a National Reawakening Through the Literary Works of Boleslaw Prus During the Second Half of the Nineteenth Century
    Nolan Kinney The Positive Reawakening Of Polish Nationalism Positivism is an intellectual movement that emerged in Europe during the mid to late 19th century. This movement was a direct reaction to Romanticism and impacted what had been the country of Poland in a very unique way. Poland was partitioned by Prussia, Russia, and Austria, and by 1795 the nation that once was Poland no longer existed on the map. Positivism was a philosophy developed by Auguste Comte a Frenchman in 1856. This philosophy was adapted by Polish intellectuals, writers, poets, and politicians in hopes of using this to re-establish Poland’s national and cultural identity without the existence of the Polish nation. Positivism in Poland was synthesized into a national reawakening through the literary works of Boleslaw Prus during the second half of the nineteenth century. Prus was a journalist that turned to writing fiction describing Polish society under the influence of Positivism. He wrote a series of books that show in detail the influence of positivist thought on the different facets of society. Prus represents Polish society in the majority of works and he also includes positivist commentary and represents the conflict between Positivist thought and the Polish reality. Those books were titled, The Outpost(1886), The Doll(1889), and The Pharaoh(1895). This paper is going to examine The Doll, and The Outpost, and how Positivism impacted Polish society. Positivism was a path to promoting Polish nationalism between 1860 and 1890. In the Polish case it separated the nation from that of the people. In Poland, Positivism was based on Comte’s philosophy that all parts of society are working toward one goal.
    [Show full text]
  • Słowacki – Norwid
    Original scientific article UDK 821.162.1-1 Krzysztof Trybuś (Poland) AMU Poznań ROMANTIC REMEMBERING OF EUROPE: MICKIEWICZ – SŁOWACKI – NORWID Abstract The present analysis focuses its perspective on the symbolic geography of Polish Romanticism decoded from works by Adam Mickiewicz (Paris lectures), Juliusz Słowacki (A journey from the Holy Land to Naples) and Cyprian Norwid (My homeland). The main thesis rests in answering the question: Does Romantic communal thinking present in the literary output of leading poets of the Polish Romanticism aim at mental constructions taken over from the mnemotopoi of the European heritage? Key words: Central Europe, Polish Romanticism, Adam Mickiewicz, Juliusz Słowacki, Cyprian Norwid 61 Pannoniana, vol. II, no. I-II (2018): 61-73 Introduction: Central Europe as a memory place In research on literature Central Europe can be treated like a spatial theme (Głowiński , 1992: 196-221), referring to the previously undertaken spaciological categories which allow, among others, to precisely describe the location of the represented world. However, even then, maybe even exactly then, we are unlikely to evade the ambiguity of description stemming from the obvious fact that Central Europe understood as a spatial concept is a part of a human universum – it denotes not only a space, but also religion, ideology, axiology, morality (Głowiński , 1992: 198). To put it in different words, Central Europe is a construe of a spatial use of metaphors, for its spatial sphere belongs to the realm of religious, moral and ideological notions. These spatial features of the world of Central Europe allow locating memory and transforming the connection between memory and a place into what Pierre Nora called “a memory place” (memory places – les lieux de memoir).
    [Show full text]