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Metro Systems in Year 200: Modernization, Diversification, and Expansion Vukan R

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Metro Systems in Year 200: Modernization, Diversification, and Expansion Vukan R CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by Kosmopolis University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons Departmental Papers (ESE) Department of Electrical & Systems Engineering 1986 Metro Systems in Year 200: Modernization, Diversification, and Expansion Vukan R. Vuchic University of Pennsylvania, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://repository.upenn.edu/ese_papers Part of the Civil Engineering Commons, Systems Engineering Commons, and the Transportation Engineering Commons Recommended Citation Vukan R. Vuchic, "Metro Systems in Year 200: Modernization, Diversification, and Expansion", UITP Revue 4, 307-334. January 1986. This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. http://repository.upenn.edu/ese_papers/743 For more information, please contact [email protected]. Metro Systems in Year 200: Modernization, Diversification, and Expansion Abstract Mr. Vukan R. Vuchic deals with the latest developments of metro networks and with their future state in the 21st century. He recalls the basic characteristics of metro and the positive and stimulating role it can play in large cities. While its first networks were opened more than a century ago, metro still knows an important growth: for example, it is the best adapted means of transport in some large cities in developing countries. Furthermore, technical improvements and a diversification of existing systems allow an ideal adaptation to the particular conditions of each city. At the end of the article, the author goes on with the debate begun in the issue 3/1986 of the Revue following the World Bank study. Disciplines Civil Engineering | Engineering | Systems Engineering | Transportation Engineering This journal article is available at ScholarlyCommons: http://repository.upenn.edu/ese_papers/743 Metro systems in year 2000: modernization, diversification and expansion Les reseaux de metro en I' an 2000 modernisation, diversification et expansion Metrosysteme im Jahre 2000 Modernisierung, Diversifizierung und Erweiterung Dr. Vukan R. Vuchic, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA Mr. Vukan R. Vuchic deals with M. Vukan R. Vuchic traite des Herr Vukan R. Vuchic befasst the latest developments of metro derniers developpements des re­ sich mit den neuesten Entwicklun­ networks and with their future seaux de metro et de leur avenir a gen der U-Bahn-Netze und ihrer state in the 21st century. !'horizon du 21 ° siecle. Entwicklungsaussichten mit dem Horizont des 21. Jahrhunderts. He recalls the basic characteris­ II rappelle les principales carac­ Er erinnert an die wichtigsten tics of metro and the positive and teristiques du metro et le role posi­ Merkmale der LI-Bahn und der po­ stimulating role it can play in large tif et stimulant qu'il peut jouer sitiven und stimulierenden Rolle, cities. While its first networks dans les grandes villes. Alors que die sie in den grossen Stadten were opened more than a century ses premiers reseaux furent ou­ spielen kann. Wahrend die ersten ago, metro still knows an impor­ verts ii ya plus d'un siecle, le me­ U-Bahn-Netze bereits vor mehr als tant growth: for example, it is the tro connaitaujourd'hui encore une einem Jahrhundert in Betrieb ge­ best adapted means of transport in fortecroissance: ainsi, ii s'impose nommen wurden, zeigt die U-Bahn some large cities in developing comme moyen de transport bis zum heutigen Tage ein starkes countries. Furthermore, technical privilegie dans de grandes villes Wachstum : sie erweist sich in ei­ improvements and a diversifi­ des pays en voie de developpe­ nigen grossen Stadten der Ent­ cation of existing systems allow ment. En outre, des ameliorations wicklungsliinder als bevorzugtes · an ideal adaptation to the particu­ techniques et une diversification Verkehrsmittel. Hinzu kommt, lar conditions of each city. des systemes existant permettent dass die technischen Verbesse­ une adaptation ideale aux condi­ rungen und eine Diversifizierung tions particulieresde chaque ville. der bestehenden Systeme eine ideale Anpassung an die besonde­ ren Verhaltnisse jeder Stadt er­ moglichen. At the end of the article, the A la fin de !'article, !'auteur pour­ Am Ende seines Aufsatzes setzt author goes on with the debate suit le debat engage dans le nume­ der Verfasser die Aussprache fort, begun in the issue 3/1986 of the ro 3/1986 de la Revue suite a l'etu­ die im Anschluss an die Untersu­ Revue following the World Bank de de la Banque Mondiale. chung der Weltbank in der Ausga­ study. be 3/86 der Revue begonnen war­ den war. 1. Role and Significance of Metro 1. Le role et !'importance des re­ 1. Die Rolle und Bedeutung von Systems seaux de metro Metrosystemen Transit systems popularly known De nombreuses langues utilisent un Die innerstadtischen Verkehrssy­ as subways, undergrounds, elevat- terme unique pour designer les re� steme, die allgemein unter Bezeich- UITP REVUE� 4/1986 307 ed lines and professionally known as seaux de transport public commune­ nungen wie Untergrundbahn oder U­ rapid transit or metropolitan railways ment connus sous le nom de metros Bahn, Hochbahn oder im Englischen are gradually getting a name uniform (subways, undergrounds, elevated li­ als« rapid transit» od er «metropolitan for many languagues: METRO has nes), et denommes, dans le milieu railways» bekannt sind, bekommen become the standard, popular and professionnel, «chemins de fer metro­ allmahlich einen in vielen Sprachen professional term not only in France, politains» DU «reseaux express regio­ brauchbaren Namen : METRO ist der but also in the Soviet Union,.United naux •. METRO est devenu le terme genormt~, populare und professionel­ I States (Washington, Baltim·ore), in standard, dans le langage courant le Begriff nicht nur in Frankreich, son­ Spanish-speaking countries :(Mexi­ comme dans le milieu professiOlinel, dern auch in der··Sowjetunion, den I co, Caracas) and many otheL:cities non seulement en France, mais egal8- Vereinigten Staaten (Washington, Bal­ and countries. The Federal Republic ment en Union Sovietique, aux Etats­ timore), in spanischsprechenden Uin­ of Germany continues to use U-Bahn Unis (Washington, Baltimore), dans dern (Mexico, Caracas) und in vielen as its standard term, although some les pays hispanophones (Mexico, Ca­ anderen Stadten und Landern. Die I light rail systems are also given that racas) et dans beaucoup d'autres vil­ Bundesrepublik Deutschland benutzt designation (Koln, Frankfurt). In this les et pays. La Rep. Fed. d'Allemagne auch weiterhin die « U-Bahn» als Stan­ article the terms. rapid transit. and continue Et utiliser «U-Bahn» comme dardbegriff, obgleich einige Stadtbah­ • metro. will be used interchangably. terme de reference, bien que ce mot nen ebenfalls diese Bezeichnung tra­ serve aussi a designer certains re­ gen (Koln, Frankfurt). In diesem Artikel ~eaux de metro leger (Cologne, werden die Begriffe .Schnellver­ Francfort). Dans eet 'article, les termes kehrsmittel» und « Metro» unter­ «reseau regional» et «metro» seront schiedslos benutz1. utilises pour designer la meme notion. With a growing concensus on the Alars que I'on arrive de plus en plus Gibt es aber angesichts des wach­ name, is there an adopted definition a etablir un consensus quant au terme senden Konsensus Ober die Bezeich­ of this transit mode? Although preci­ a utiliser, existe-t-iI aussi une definition nung auch eine allgemein anerkannte se definitions of it exist in the litera­ commune de ce mode de transport? Definition dieses Verkehrsmiltels? Ob­ ture (see, for example, [1 D, there is Meme si I'on en trouve des definitions gleich priizise Begriffsbestimmungen still frequent confusion, mostly precises dans la lilterature (voir, par in der Literatur vorkommen (siehe z. B. caused by defining metros through exemple, [1 D, une certaine confusion [1]), besteht haufig nach wie vor eine operations in tunnels. Therefore the regne encore souvent, surtout du fait Begriffsverwirrung, die hauptsachlich following definition is given: que I'on definit les metros parla notion daher ruhrt, dass Metros als Verkehrs­ d'exploitation dans des tunnels. Par miltel in Tunnels definiert werden, Es consequent, la definition suivante est wird daher die folgende Definition an­ donnee: geboten: Rapid transit or metro is a transit Le reseau regional DU metro est un" Bei Schnellbahnen oder Metros system consisting of high-capacity mode de transport consistant en I'ex­ handelt es sich urn ein Verkehrsmiltel, electrically powered guided vehicles ploitation de vehicules de grande ca­ das aus elektrisch angetriebenen, I operated in trains of 1 to 10 cars on pacite a propulsion electrique, par spurgefOhrten Fahrzeugen hohen fully-controlled (category A) rights­ trains de 1 a 10 voitures, sur des voies Fassungsvermogens besteht, die in of-way and stations. et des stations entierement contr61ees ZOgen von 1 bis 10 Fahrzeugen auf 1, (categorie A). voll kontrollierten T rassen (Kategorie A) und Bahnhofen betrieben werden. The vast majority of metro systems La grande majorite des reseaux de Die grosse Mehrzahl der Metrosy­ utilize rail technology and operate metros fonctionnent sur rails et ope­ steme ist schienengebunden und partly or fully in tunnels, but these rent, en partie ou totalement, dans des fahrt ganz oder teilweise in Tunnels, are not the basic characteristics tunnels. Cependant, ce ne sont pas la aber dies sind nicht d',e grundlegen­ which a system must have to be de­ les principales caracteristiques qu'un den Merkmale, die ein System aufwei­ fined as a metro. Several French­ reseau
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