TORTUGUERO BIRD MONITORING STATION PROTOCOL The

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

TORTUGUERO BIRD MONITORING STATION PROTOCOL The TORTUGUERO BIRD MONITORING STATION PROTOCOL for The Tortuguero Integrated Bird Monitoring Program C. John Ralph, Margaret Widdowson, Bud Widdowson, Brian O’Donnell, and Robert I. Frey Draft 4 January 2008 TABLE OF CONTENTS MONITORING SITES .................................................................................................................................1 Materials and Supplies.....................................................................................................................2 Banding kits ........................................................................................................................2 Bird bags.............................................................................................................................2 Net Repairs .........................................................................................................................2 Moisture-Sensitive and Expensive Equipment ...................................................................2 SITE PREPARATION..................................................................................................................................3 Establishing net sites........................................................................................................................3 Preparation of poles and support rope ................................................................................3 OPERATIONS..............................................................................................................................................4 Mist Netting / Banding.....................................................................................................................4 Net set up and take down....................................................................................................4 Site specific information.....................................................................................................5 Scheduling of Monitoring Sites ..........................................................................................7 Start time and net rounds ....................................................................................................8 Efficient Banding Station Set Up........................................................................................8 Processing ........................................................................................................................................9 Importance of age ...............................................................................................................9 Recording How Aged and How Sexed .............................................................................10 Priority of data ..................................................................................................................10 Recording data ..................................................................................................................10 Recording Notes ...............................................................................................................11 Recording Molt.................................................................................................................12 Empidonax flycatchers......................................................................................................12 Hummingbirds ...............................................................................................................................12 Manufacturing the Bands..................................................................................................13 Applying the Band............................................................................................................13 Processing.........................................................................................................................14 Delicacy of Hummingbirds and the Tools Used...............................................................14 Rare birds.......................................................................................................................................15 Photographs ...................................................................................................................................15 Safety (of the birds and you)..........................................................................................................16 Special reminders...........................................................................................................................16 Use of personnel ...............................................................................................................16 Instructions for special situations......................................................................................17 Visitors.................................................................................................................17 Interruption by rain..............................................................................................17 High winds...........................................................................................................18 How to handle waves of birds..............................................................................18 Recording minimal data.......................................................................................19 Migration Counts ...........................................................................................................................19 Area Search census ........................................................................................................................20 COMPLETING FORMS & DATA MANAGEMENT ..............................................................................21 Daily Journal Form ........................................................................................................................21 Banding Data Form........................................................................................................................22 Area Search Form ..........................................................................................................................22 Migration Count Form...................................................................................................................23 Data Tracking ................................................................................................................................23 CHECKING DATA....................................................................................................................................23 CONDUCT .................................................................................................................................................23 MAKING PROTOCOL CHANGES ..........................................................................................................25 CONTACT PEOPLE..................................................................................................................................25 LIST OF APPENDICES.............................................................................................................................27 TORTUGUERO BIRD MONITORING STATION PROTOCOL for The Tortuguero Integrated Bird Monitoring Program By C. John Ralph, Margaret Widdowson, Bud Widdowson, Brian O'Donnell, and Robert I. Frey We welcome you to the bird monitoring project at Tortuguero, Costa Rica. This is a cooperative effort, involving many partners, cooperators, and volunteers. Keep in mind that everyone is contributing their best to this effort, and that we will all try to help you in any way possible. Most of all, have fun, and enjoy the birds as they reveal themselves to you in this pioneering effort! Please note that the bird monitoring effort is strictly at the invitation of the Caribbean Conservation Corporation people. They generously provide you with room and board during your stay, and every effort must be made to accommodate their personnel and to assist them in their daily operations. Please volunteer to help whenever possible. Don't act like a pampered guest, act as a partner, helping out on all tasks. Take a few minutes after using the lab to sweep up, keep your living space clean, and help every day for at least 15 - 20 minutes to keep the common areas tidy, including the bathrooms. Offer to assist with turtle surveys at least once a week or more. Help out in the Museum whenever needed. Please read and respect the enclosed guidelines on conduct (page 21). If we are viewed as a positive force, and not a time sink, it is far more likely the program will be successful. Most of all.... be sure and enjoy yourself. You are in a spectacular place doing important work! MONITORING SITES Currently, we are operating five primary sites in both primary and secondary forest habitat. While the CCC site is our flagship, operated the most often, the other sites contribute a great deal to our understanding of the birds of the area. For each site, we have a map showing net locations, migration count location, landmarks, etc. (Appendix A). Visitors, both local resident and tourists, will be encountered at all of the sites, and regularly at a few. Please take advantage of these opportunities to explain what you are doing, conservation issues concerning the birds of the region (especially the migrants), and most of all, share the birds with these visitors. You may make a lasting and meaningful impact. Remember
Recommended publications
  • Costa Rica 2020
    Sunrise Birding LLC COSTA RICA TRIP REPORT January 30 – February 5, 2020 Photos: Talamanca Hummingbird, Sunbittern, Resplendent Quetzal, Congenial Group! Sunrise Birding LLC COSTA RICA TRIP REPORT January 30 – February 5, 2020 Leaders: Frank Mantlik & Vernon Campos Report and photos by Frank Mantlik Highlights and top sightings of the trip as voted by participants Resplendent Quetzals, multi 20 species of hummingbirds Spectacled Owl 2 CR & 32 Regional Endemics Bare-shanked Screech Owl 4 species Owls seen in 70 Black-and-white Owl minutes Suzy the “owling” dog Russet-naped Wood-Rail Keel-billed Toucan Great Potoo Tayra!!! Long-tailed Silky-Flycatcher Black-faced Solitaire (& song) Rufous-browed Peppershrike Amazing flora, fauna, & trails American Pygmy Kingfisher Sunbittern Orange-billed Sparrow Wayne’s insect show-and-tell Volcano Hummingbird Spangle-cheeked Tanager Purple-crowned Fairy, bathing Rancho Naturalista Turquoise-browed Motmot Golden-hooded Tanager White-nosed Coati Vernon as guide and driver January 29 - Arrival San Jose All participants arrived a day early, staying at Hotel Bougainvillea. Those who arrived in daylight had time to explore the phenomenal gardens, despite a rain storm. Day 1 - January 30 Optional day-trip to Carara National Park Guides Vernon and Frank offered an optional day trip to Carara National Park before the tour officially began and all tour participants took advantage of this special opportunity. As such, we are including the sightings from this day trip in the overall tour report. We departed the Hotel at 05:40 for the drive to the National Park. En route we stopped along the road to view a beautiful Turquoise-browed Motmot.
    [Show full text]
  • Exploring for Persea in Costa Rica
    California Avocado Society 1976 Yearbook 60: 172-175 EXPLORING FOR PERSEA IN COSTA RICA G. A. Zentmyer Plant Pathologist and Professor, Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside E. Schieber Plant Pathologist, Antigua, Guatemala, Central America Research supported in part by funds from the California Avocado Advisory Board. More than 40 years ago Wilson Popenoe wrote "Costa Rica has been so much botanized . ." This is certainly true, compared with other countries in Central America. Much has been written on the botany of Costa Rica and extensive plant collections have been made over the past 50 or 60 years. Two herbaria contain good collections from various parts of the country; one of these herbaria is at the Museo Nacional in San Jose, the other is at the University of Costa Rica. One of the early publications on avocado in Costa Rica is that of Wilson Popenoe in the 1935 California Avocado Society Yearbook, in which he described the wild avocado of San Isidro. Dr. Popenoe maintained his interest in this strange collection (see below) for many years, and considered it a very unusual form, combining some of the characteristics of the Guatemalan and the Mexican races. The first author of this article has traveled extensively in Costa Rica since 1952, making many collections of avocado varieties and related species of Persea in the search for resistance to Phytophthora root rot (5, 6). Recently both authors have traveled together in this country, covering particularly some of the cloud forests on the volcanic slopes. Alexander Skutch in his recent book "A Naturalist in Costa Rica" (4) described some interesting aspects of the ecology of various regions of the country.
    [Show full text]
  • Ornithological Surveys in Serranía De Los Churumbelos, Southern Colombia
    Ornithological surveys in Serranía de los Churumbelos, southern Colombia Paul G. W . Salaman, Thomas M. Donegan and Andrés M. Cuervo Cotinga 12 (1999): 29– 39 En el marco de dos expediciones biológicos y Anglo-Colombian conservation expeditions — ‘Co­ conservacionistas anglo-colombianas multi-taxa, s lombia ‘98’ and the ‘Colombian EBA Project’. Seven llevaron a cabo relevamientos de aves en lo Serranía study sites were investigated using non-systematic de los Churumbelos, Cauca, en julio-agosto 1988, y observations and standardised mist-netting tech­ julio 1999. Se estudiaron siete sitios enter en 350 y niques by the three authors, with Dan Davison and 2500 m, con 421 especes registrados. Presentamos Liliana Dávalos in 1998. Each study site was situ­ un resumen de los especes raros para cada sitio, ated along an altitudinal transect at c. 300- incluyendo los nuevos registros de distribución más m elevational steps, from 350–2500 m on the Ama­ significativos. Los resultados estabilicen firme lo zonian slope of the Serranía. Our principal aim was prioridad conservacionista de lo Serranía de los to allow comparisons to be made between sites and Churumbelos, y aluco nos encontramos trabajando with other biological groups (mammals, herptiles, junto a los autoridades ambientales locales con insects and plants), and, incorporating geographi­ cuiras a lo protección del marcizo. cal and anthropological information, to produce a conservation assessment of the region (full results M e th o d s in Salaman et al.4). A sizeable part of eastern During 14 July–17 August 1998 and 3–22 July 1999, Cauca — the Bota Caucana — including the 80-km- ornithological surveys were undertaken in Serranía long Serranía de los Churumbelos had never been de los Churumbelos, Department of Cauca, by two subject to faunal surveys.
    [Show full text]
  • Best of Costa Rica March 19 - 31, 2019 © 2018
    BEST OF COSTA RICA MARCH 19 - 31, 2019 © 2018 Often called "the Switzerland of Central America," Costa Rica is a small, stable country with a prosperous middle class, fine educational system, and spectacular highland terrain. For its size, it is one of the richest countries in the world for birds, with over 850 known species from a small area the size of West Virginia. Costa Rica boasts the finest national park and reserve system in Latin America, protecting examples of all major habitats and the accompanying flora and fauna. Because of this, it has become one of the premier birding destinations in the world! This tour offers an excellent introduction to the joys of Neotropical birding, numerous regional specialties, and a chance to view such Neotropical mammals as monkeys, coatimundi and javelina. The Costa Rican landscape is remarkably diverse, and each of the four major regions we will visit forms a natural boundary for bird distribution. The ranchlands of the dry northwest represent the southern limit for birds of the dry forests of Pacific northern Central America. The humid Caribbean lowlands and foothills are directly linked to the great lowland forests of South America, with many rainforest birds spilling across the Panama "land bridge" to reach their northern limit here. The southern Pacific coast is an isolated area of high rainfall, and a number of species are found only here, reaching their northern limit in the Carara region. Most importantly, much of Costa Rica consists of a large highland mass dominated by immense volcanoes and rugged cordilleras. The distinctive birdlife here is completely different from that of the lowlands and includes a high number of endemics (birds found nowhere else in the world except adjacent Panama).
    [Show full text]
  • Peru: from the Cusco Andes to the Manu
    The critically endangered Royal Cinclodes - our bird-of-the-trip (all photos taken on this tour by Pete Morris) PERU: FROM THE CUSCO ANDES TO THE MANU 26 JULY – 12 AUGUST 2017 LEADERS: PETE MORRIS and GUNNAR ENGBLOM This brand new itinerary really was a tour of two halves! For the frst half of the tour we really were up on the roof of the world, exploring the Andes that surround Cusco up to altitudes in excess of 4000m. Cold clear air and fantastic snow-clad peaks were the order of the day here as we went about our task of seeking out a number of scarce, localized and seldom-seen endemics. For the second half of the tour we plunged down off of the mountains and took the long snaking Manu Road, right down to the Amazon basin. Here we traded the mountainous peaks for vistas of forest that stretched as far as the eye could see in one of the planet’s most diverse regions. Here, the temperatures rose in line with our ever growing list of sightings! In all, we amassed a grand total of 537 species of birds, including 36 which provided audio encounters only! As we all know though, it’s not necessarily the shear number of species that counts, but more the quality, and we found many high quality species. New species for the Birdquest life list included Apurimac Spinetail, Vilcabamba Thistletail, Am- pay (still to be described) and Vilcabamba Tapaculos and Apurimac Brushfnch, whilst other montane goodies included the stunning Bearded Mountaineer, White-tufted Sunbeam the critically endangered Royal Cinclodes, 1 BirdQuest Tour Report: Peru: From the Cusco Andes to The Manu 2017 www.birdquest-tours.com These wonderful Blue-headed Macaws were a brilliant highlight near to Atalaya.
    [Show full text]
  • Bird List Coffee Mountain Inn Tours
    Santa Fe Region, Veraguas Bird List Coffee Mountain Inn Tours Antbirds Scientific Name Spanish Common Name English Common Name Gymnopithys leucaspis Hormiguero Bicolor Bicolored Antbird Myrmotherula fulviventris Hormiguerito Leonado Checker-throated Antwren Myrmeciza exsul Hormiguero Dorsicastano Chestnut-backed Antbird Myrmeciza laemosticta Hormiguero Guardarribera Dull-mantled Antbird Cercomacra tyrannina Hormiguero Negruzco Dusky Antbird Cymbilaimus lineatus Batara Lineado Fasciated Antshrike Myrmeciza immaculata Hormiguero Inmaculado Immaculate Antbird Dysithamnus mentalis Batarito Cabecigris Plain Antvireo Thamnistes anabatinus Batara Rufo Russet Antshrike Myrmotherula schisticolor Hormiguerito Pizarroso Slaty Antwren Hylophylax naevioides Hormiguero Collarejo Spotted Antbird Antpittas Scientific Name Spanish Common Name English Common Name Grallaria guatimalensis Tororoi Escamado Scaled Antpitta Hylopezus perspicillatus Tororoi de Anteojos Streak-chested Antpitta Antthrushes Scientific Name Spanish Common Name English Common Name Formicarius rufipectus Formicario Pechicastano Rufous-breasted Antthrush Barn Owls Scientific Name Spanish Common Name English Common Name Lophostrix cristata Buho Penachudo Crested Owl Glaucidium brasilianum Mochuelo Ferruginoso Ferruginous Pygmy-Owl Buntings and Allies Scientific Name Spanish Common Name English Common Name Arremonops conirostris Gorrion Negrilistado Black-striped Sparrow Volatinia jacarina Semillerito Negriazulado Blue-black Grassquit Chlorospingus ophthalmicus Tangara-de-Monte Comun
    [Show full text]
  • Birds of the Río Negro Jaguar Preserve, Colonia Libertad, Costa Rica
    C O T IN G A 8 Birds of the Río Negro Jaguar Preserve, Colonia Libertad, Costa Rica Daniel S. Cooper Cuando esté completa, Rio Negro Jaguar Preserve protegerá c. 10 000 acres de llanura y pedemonte de la vertiente caribeña junto al Parque Nacional Rincón de la Vieja en el noroeste de Costa Rica. Si bien el área posee pocos asentamientos y es aún remota, el reciente (desde comienzos de los ’80) y acelerado ritmo de tala y deforestación en la región ha hecho que estas selvas sean unas de las más amenazadas en el país. El hábitat en las cercanías de la reserva representa uno de los últimos grandes bloques de selva contigua de las llanuras hasta los niveles medios de elevación en Costa Rica, y, conectada a la selva de altura protegida en un parque nacional, funciona como un corredor forestal de dispersión, crucial para los movimientos altitudinales estacionales de las 300 especies de aves y varias docenas de mamíferos del área. Esta región poco habitada: no más de 2000 personas viven en sus alrededores, la mayoría de los cuales llegaron en los últimos 20 años, esta explotada a pequeña escala y así provee de un área núcleo de reserva para varias especies raras que han sido prácticamente eliminadas en sectores a menor altitud, como por ejemplo Electron carinatum y los globalmente casi-amenazados Spizastur melanoleucus, Chamaepetes unicolor, Odontophorus leucolaemus, Procnias tricarunculata, Piprites griseiceps y Buthraupis arcaei, todos los cuales han sido detectados cerca o arriba los 700 m. Se presenta una lista completa de especies, preparada como resultado de investigaciones entre el 12 marzo y 7 abril 1996 por el autor en el área alrededor de Colonia Libertad, dos visitas por T.
    [Show full text]
  • Costa Rica: Birding the Edges Part I, the Deep South 2017
    Field Guides Tour Report Costa Rica: Birding the Edges Part I, the Deep South 2017 Jan 14, 2017 to Jan 23, 2017 Tom Johnson & Cory Gregory For our tour description, itinerary, past triplists, dates, fees, and more, please VISIT OUR TOUR PAGE. The emblematic Fiery-billed Aracari is the namesake of Los Cusingos, the former home of Alexander Skutch. This small toucan is only found in Costa Rica and Panama. Photo by guide Cory Gregory. Costa Rica. You say those two words and most birders start to drool over the possibilities of colorful tanagers, dizzying arrays of hummingbirds, regal trogons, and brilliant macaws. On this Costa Rica Edges trip, we focused on the southern portions of the country and visited many locales not often visited by most birding itineraries. The result was a species-rich trip that touched on many different habitats and elevations. Despite some stormy predictions, we were all pleasantly surprised by the lack of rain and the downright pleasant weather that made it all the more enjoyable! It didn’t take long to get started; we birded right near the grounds of the Hotel Bougainvillea where we saw a few species not seen anywhere else on the trip. Sightings included the large Rufous-naped Wren, the more secretive Cabanis’s Wren (a recent split from Plain Wren), Inca Dove, swarms of Crimson-fronted Parakeets, and even a pair of Yellow-naped Parrots perched out back. Heading south to Cartago, we made a quick stop at some grasslands and scored a few Eastern Meadowlarks, a few seedeaters, and even the rustling of a Sedge Wren.
    [Show full text]
  • PERU: Manu and Machu Picchu Aug-Sept
    Tropical Birding Trip Report PERU: Manu and Machu Picchu Aug-Sept. 2015 A Tropical Birding SET DEPARTURE tour PERU: MANU and MACHU PICCHU th th 29 August – 16 September 2015 Tour Leader: Jose Illanes Andean Cock-of-the-rock near Cock-of-the-rock Lodge! Species highlighted in RED are the ones illustrated with photos in this report. INTRODUCTION Not everyone is fortunate enough to visit Peru; a marvelous country that boasts a huge country bird list, which is second only to Colombia. Unlike our usual set departure, we started out with a daylong extension to Lomas de Lachay first, before starting out on the usual itinerary for the main tour. On this extra day we managed to 1 www.tropicalbirding.com +1-409-515-0514 [email protected] Page Tropical Birding Trip Report PERU: Manu and Machu Picchu Aug-Sept. 2015 find many extra birds like Peruvian Thick-knee, Least Seedsnipe, Peruvian Sheartail, Raimondi’s Yellow- Finch and the localized Cactus Canastero. The first site of the main tour was Huacarpay Lake, near the beautiful Andean city of Cusco (accessed after a short flight from Lima). This gave us a few endemic species like Bearded Mountaineer and Rusty-fronted Canastero; along with other less local species like Many-colored Rush-tyrant, Plumbeous Rail, Puna Teal, Andean Negrito and Puna Ibis. The following day we birded along the road towards Manu where we picked up birds like Peruvian Sierra-Finch, Chestnut-breasted Mountain-Finch, Spot-winged Pigeon, and a beautiful Peruvian endemic in the form of Creamy-crested Spinetail. We also saw Yungas Pygmy-Owl, Black-faced Ibis, Hooded and Scarlet-bellied Mountain- Tanagers, Red-crested Cotinga and the gorgeous Grass-green Tanager.
    [Show full text]
  • 110 Alexander F. Skutch
    110 Ornitología Colombiana No3 (2005):110-112 ALEXANDER F. SKUTCH (1904-2004): UNA APRECIACIÓN Alexander F. Skutch (1904-2004): an appreciation F. Gary Stiles Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia. [email protected] inuenciado por D. S. Johnson, un destacado profesor de botánica, quien lo inspiró a ser biólogo. Acompañó a Johnson en trabajo de campo en la costa noreste de los EE.UU. y en Jamaica, en donde tuvo sus primeras experiencias con la naturaleza neotropical. Con la United Fruit Company, que nanció este viaje, adquirió el compromiso de estudiar la anatomía de la hoja del banano para su trabajo de posgrado, recibiendo su doctorado en 1928. Es muy irónico que durante sus años universitarios, sus experiencias en una estación de anillamiento de aves lo llevaran a rechazar la ornitología porque no soportaba someter a las aves a la indignidad de ser capturadas y manipuladas. Después de obtener su doctorado, Alexander Skutch continuó Figura 1. Alexander Skutch. ca. 1960, ya un ornitólogo consagrado, algunos años con su estudio de la planta del banano en ncas mostrando la or del itabo (Yucca elephantipes) en su nca de la United Fruit Company en Panamá y Honduras. Sin “Los Cusingos”. embargo, cada vez más se interesó en las aves, tan abundantes Con el fallecimiento de Alexander F. Skutch el 12 de mayo del y llamativas en su entorno. Él dedicó tiempo a estudiar la 2004, faltando apenas una semana para cumplir el centenario anidación de algunas especies, y poco a poco se realizaba de su nacimiento, la ornitología neotropical perdió su más su conversión denitiva a la ornitología.
    [Show full text]
  • Quebrada Gonzalez, Braulio Carrillo National Park
    DAY TRIP TO FANTASTIC CARIBBEAN SLOPE FOOTHILL FOREST AT QUEBRADA GONZALEZ, BRAULIO CARRILLO NATIONAL PARK Only an hour's drive from the city, the fantastic, Caribbean slope, foothill rain forests of Quebrada Gonzalez are the closest, most accessible rain forests to San Jose. This is also a good day trip to take while staying in the Sarapiqui (La Selva) area as it takes a bit less than an hour to get there and hosts a number of bird species not found in the lowlands. The dense vegetation and tall canopy of the rain forests at Quebrada Gonzalez can be tough to bird but always produce rare species difficult to see elsewhere. Some of the specialties that I frequently see at this site, (a spot I have been birding since 1993) include: King Vulture, Hawk-Eagles, other raptors, Crested Guan, Snowcap, Lattice-tailed Trogon (pictured above), Yellow-eared Toucanet (pictured above), Cinnamon Woodpecker, Black- crowned Antpitta, Russet Antshrike, White-ruffed Manakin, Nightingale Wren, Black-headed Nightingale Thrush, Pale-vented Thrush, and many tanager species that troop through the forest in large, mixed flocks. Other animals: In general, this site is an excellent place to experience primary rainforest. Three species of monkeys, Northern Tamandua, and various frogs and reptiles are frequently encountered. Itinerary: Arriving at Quebrada Gonzalez by 6:30 A.M., we will search for the specialties of this foothill forest along a well-maintained, short, loop trail. Around mid-morning, we will watch the sky for raptors and the forest edge for mixed flocks in the vicinity of the ranger station before driving to a nearby restaurant for a tasty, Tico lunch.
    [Show full text]
  • Costa Rica: Birding the Edges Part I, the Deep South 2018
    Field Guides Tour Report Costa Rica: Birding the Edges Part I, the Deep South 2018 Jan 6, 2018 to Jan 15, 2018 Tom Johnson & Cory Gregory For our tour description, itinerary, past triplists, dates, fees, and more, please VISIT OUR TOUR PAGE. One of the most stunning and diverse family of birds we enjoy in Costa Rica are the hummingbirds. We tallied a healthy variety, including this highland-dwelling Lesser Violetear. Photo by guide Cory Gregory. January in Costa Rica. I'm not sure one could ask for a better place to be during the winter months! Tom and I, along with a fun bunch of like-minded birders, escaped the throes of winter and explored the southern reaches of Costa Rica on this Part 1 tour. Although the forecast was of persistent rain, we were treated with pleasant weather for much of this tour. It was blustery and drizzly at the high elevations of Cerro de la Muerte but it stopped long enough for us to enjoy a splendid side trip to the habitat of one of the most quintessential highland species in Costa Rica, the Resplendent Quetzal! Not only did we see several of these gaudy show-stoppers, we were treated to a bonus Ochraceous Pewee, Flame-throated Warbler, and several other high-elevation specialties. We ventured on to lunch at the beautiful Paraiso Quetzal Lodge where highland hummingbirds zoomed around us, a Wrenthrush briefly came out of hiding, an Ochraceous Wren deftly dodged through some vine tangles, and we had encounters (of the close kind) with Black-billed Nightingale-Thrush and Large-footed Finch.
    [Show full text]