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Ācārya Kundakunda's
Ācārya Kundakunda’s Pravacanasāra – Essence of the Doctrine vkpk;Zizopulkj dqUndqUn fojfpr Divine Blessings: Ācārya 108 Vidyānanda Muni VIJAY K. JAIN Ācārya Kundakunda’s Pravacanasāra – Essence of the Doctrine vkpk;Z dqUndqUn fojfpr izopulkj Ācārya Kundakunda’s Pravacanasāra – Essence of the Doctrine vkpk;Z dqUndqUn fojfpr izopulkj Divine Blessings: Ācārya 108 Vidyānanda Muni Vijay K. Jain fodYi Front cover: Charming black idol of Lord Pārśvanātha, the 7 twenty-third Tīrthańkara 1 in a Jain temple (Terāpanthī Kothī) at Shri Sammed Shikharji, y k. Jain, 20 Jharkhand, India. Pic Vija Ācārya Kundakunda’s Pravacanasāra – Essence of the Doctrine Vijay K. Jain Non-Copyright This work may be reproduced, translated and published in any language without any special permission provided that it is true to the original and that a mention is made of the source. ISBN: 978-81-932726-1-9 Rs. 600/- Published, in the year 2018, by: Vikalp Printers Anekant Palace, 29 Rajpur Road Dehradun-248001 (Uttarakhand) India www.vikalpprinters.com E-mail: [email protected] Tel.: (0135) 2658971 Printed at: Vikalp Printers, Dehradun (iv) eaxy vk'khokZn & ije iwT; fl¼kUrpØorhZ 'osrfiPNkpk;Z 108 Jh fo|kuUn th eqfujkt vkxegh.kks le.kks .ksoIik.ka ija fo;k.kkfn A vfotk.karks vRFks [kosfn dEekf.k fd/ fHkD[kw AA & vkpk;Z dqUndqUn ^izopulkj* xkFkk 3&33 vFkZ & vkxeghu Je.k vkRek dks vkSj ij dks fu'p;dj ugha tkurk gS vkSj tho&vthokfn inkFkks± dks ugha tkurk gqvk eqfu leLr deks± dk {k; dSls dj ldrk gS\ vkpk;Z dqUndqUn dk ^izopulkj* okLro esa ,d cgqr gh egku xzUFk -
The Decline of Buddhism in India
The Decline of Buddhism in India It is almost impossible to provide a continuous account of the near disappearance of Buddhism from the plains of India. This is primarily so because of the dearth of archaeological material and the stunning silence of the indigenous literature on this subject. Interestingly, the subject itself has remained one of the most neglected topics in the history of India. In this book apart from the history of the decline of Buddhism in India, various issues relating to this decline have been critically examined. Following this methodology, an attempt has been made at a region-wise survey of the decline in Sind, Kashmir, northwestern India, central India, the Deccan, western India, Bengal, Orissa, and Assam, followed by a detailed analysis of the different hypotheses that propose to explain this decline. This is followed by author’s proposed model of decline of Buddhism in India. K.T.S. Sarao is currently Professor and Head of the Department of Buddhist Studies at the University of Delhi. He holds doctoral degrees from the universities of Delhi and Cambridge and an honorary doctorate from the P.S.R. Buddhist University, Phnom Penh. The Decline of Buddhism in India A Fresh Perspective K.T.S. Sarao Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers Pvt. Ltd. ISBN 978-81-215-1241-1 First published 2012 © 2012, Sarao, K.T.S. All rights reserved including those of translation into other languages. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form, or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the written permission of the publisher. -
General Index
General Index Italic page numbers refer to illustrations. Authors are listed in ical Index. Manuscripts, maps, and charts are usually listed by this index only when their ideas or works are discussed; full title and author; occasionally they are listed under the city and listings of works as cited in this volume are in the Bibliograph- institution in which they are held. CAbbas I, Shah, 47, 63, 65, 67, 409 on South Asian world maps, 393 and Kacba, 191 "Jahangir Embracing Shah (Abbas" Abywn (Abiyun) al-Batriq (Apion the in Kitab-i balJriye, 232-33, 278-79 (painting), 408, 410, 515 Patriarch), 26 in Kitab ~urat ai-arc!, 169 cAbd ai-Karim al-Mi~ri, 54, 65 Accuracy in Nuzhat al-mushtaq, 169 cAbd al-Rabman Efendi, 68 of Arabic measurements of length of on Piri Re)is's world map, 270, 271 cAbd al-Rabman ibn Burhan al-Maw~ili, 54 degree, 181 in Ptolemy's Geography, 169 cAbdolazlz ibn CAbdolgani el-Erzincani, 225 of Bharat Kala Bhavan globe, 397 al-Qazwlni's world maps, 144 Abdur Rahim, map by, 411, 412, 413 of al-BlrunI's calculation of Ghazna's on South Asian world maps, 393, 394, 400 Abraham ben Meir ibn Ezra, 60 longitude, 188 in view of world landmass as bird, 90-91 Abu, Mount, Rajasthan of al-BlrunI's celestial mapping, 37 in Walters Deniz atlast, pl.23 on Jain triptych, 460 of globes in paintings, 409 n.36 Agapius (Mabbub) religious map of, 482-83 of al-Idrisi's sectional maps, 163 Kitab al- ~nwan, 17 Abo al-cAbbas Abmad ibn Abi cAbdallah of Islamic celestial globes, 46-47 Agnese, Battista, 279, 280, 282, 282-83 Mu\:lammad of Kitab-i ba/Jriye, 231, 233 Agnicayana, 308-9, 309 Kitab al-durar wa-al-yawaqft fi 11m of map of north-central India, 421, 422 Agra, 378 n.145, 403, 436, 448, 476-77 al-ra~d wa-al-mawaqft (Book of of maps in Gentil's atlas of Mughal Agrawala, V. -
Yonas and Yavanas in Indian Literature Yonas and Yavanas in Indian Literature
YONAS AND YAVANAS IN INDIAN LITERATURE YONAS AND YAVANAS IN INDIAN LITERATURE KLAUS KARTTUNEN Studia Orientalia 116 YONAS AND YAVANAS IN INDIAN LITERATURE KLAUS KARTTUNEN Helsinki 2015 Yonas and Yavanas in Indian Literature Klaus Karttunen Studia Orientalia, vol. 116 Copyright © 2015 by the Finnish Oriental Society Editor Lotta Aunio Co-Editor Sari Nieminen Advisory Editorial Board Axel Fleisch (African Studies) Jaakko Hämeen-Anttila (Arabic and Islamic Studies) Tapani Harviainen (Semitic Studies) Arvi Hurskainen (African Studies) Juha Janhunen (Altaic and East Asian Studies) Hannu Juusola (Middle Eastern and Semitic Studies) Klaus Karttunen (South Asian Studies) Kaj Öhrnberg (Arabic and Islamic Studies) Heikki Palva (Arabic Linguistics) Asko Parpola (South Asian Studies) Simo Parpola (Assyriology) Rein Raud (Japanese Studies) Saana Svärd (Assyriology) Jaana Toivari-Viitala (Egyptology) Typesetting Lotta Aunio ISSN 0039-3282 ISBN 978-951-9380-88-9 Juvenes Print – Suomen Yliopistopaino Oy Tampere 2015 CONTENTS PREFACE .......................................................................................................... XV PART I: REFERENCES IN TEXTS A. EPIC AND CLASSICAL SANSKRIT ..................................................................... 3 1. Epics ....................................................................................................................3 Mahābhārata .........................................................................................................3 Rāmāyaṇa ............................................................................................................25 -
The Miraculous Life of Gotama Buddha a Study in the Psychology of Mythology of the Historical Bodhisattva
The Miraculous Life of Gotama Buddha A study in the psychology of mythology of the historical Bodhisattva being SD 52.1 of the Sutta Discovery series by Piya Tan 2018 THE MINDING CENTRE Singapore First published in 2018 THE MINDING CENTRE Singapore ©2018 TAN Beng Sin All rights reserved Piya Tan (TAN Beng Sin), 1949- The Miraculous Life of Gotama Buddha: A study in the psychology of mythology of the historical Bodhisattva Publisher: the author ISBN 978-981-11-7432-2 (E-book) National Library Board, Singapore Cataloguing in Publication Data Name(s): Tan, Piya, 1949- Other title(s): Tipiṭaka. Suttapiṭaka. English. Selections | Miraculous life of Gotama Buddha : a study in the psychology of mythology of the historical Bodhisattva : being SD 52.1 of the Sutta discovery series Title: Sutta discovery. 52.1, The miraculous life of Gotama Buddha : a study in the psychology of mythology of the historical Bodhisattva / by Piya Tan. Description: Singapore : The Minding Centre, 2018. | Includes bibliographical references. Identifier(s): OCN 1028012130 | ISBN 978-981-11-7432-2 (paperback) Subject(s): LCSH: Tipiṭaka. Suttapiṭaka--Criticism, interpretation, etc. | Theravāda Buddhism--Doctrines. | Gautama Buddha. | Wisdom--Religious aspects-- Buddhism. Classification: DDC 294.3823--dc23 THE MINDING CENTRE, based in Singapore, is part of Piya Tan’s Dharma ministry. It was founded in 2006 to provide non-religious Dharma-based services to those in need of counsel and solace. It also serves as a haven and hub for those seeking Dharma by way of critical thinking, creative feeling, meditation, sutta translation and study, spiritual experience, and sharing that light and joy. -
Mica-Sep-Eng-2020.Pdf
CONTENTS VOL-16 ISSUE -09 Editor COVID-19 Race For Vaccine Agricultural Threats: Locust N.K. Jain Advisors Neeraj Chabra K.C.Gupta Registered Office Mahendra Publication Pvt. Ltd. 103, Pragatideep Building, Neighbours and Territorial Plot No. 08, Laxminagar, Claims The Future of Learning District Centre, New Delhi - 110092 TIN-09350038898 w.e.f. 12-06-2014 Branch Office Mahendra Publication Pvt. Ltd. E-42,43,44, Sector-7, Noida (U.P.) Interview 5 For queries regarding Current Affairs - One Liner 6-9 promotion, distribution & advertisement, contact:- Spotlight 10 [email protected] The People 11-19 Ph.: 09208037962 News Bites 20-53 Word of English - Etymology 54 Owned, printed & published by N.K. Jain Designation : Who's Who 55 103, Pragatideep Building, COVID-19 Race For Vaccine 56-57 Plot No. 08, Laxminagar, Agricultural Threats: Locust 58-59 District Centre, New Delhi - 110092 Please send your suggestions and Neighbours and Territorial Claims 60-61 grievances to:- The Future of Learning 62-64 Mahendra Publication Pvt. Ltd. Highlights of National Education Policy 2020 65-66 CP-9, Vijayant Khand, Gomti Nagar Lucknow - 226010 Quiz Time - General Awareness 67-82 E-mail:[email protected] IBPS RRB PO Pre - Model Paper 2019 84-94 © Copyright Reserved UP SI 21 December 2017 - (Shift-III) Previous Paper 95-113 # No part of this issue can be printed in whole or in part without the written permission of the publishers. # All the disputes are subject to Delhi jurisdiction only. Mahendra Publication Pvt. Ltd. Editorial "Education is the manifestation of the perfection already in man." - Swami Vivekananda Dear Aspirants, We feel delighted to present to you the "September 2020" edition of "Master in Current Affairs". -
UTTARA UTTARA II. UTTARA III. UTTARAKURU. a Part of The
UTTARA 817 VADI fall down from heaven live in this 3) The end ofUttara. Uttara had taken part in the Those who region. of battle between the Pandavas and the Kauravas. It is The average age of the inhabitants ihis place is said mentioned in the Mahabharata, Bhisma Parva, Chapter to have been eleven thousand years. There is a kind of called Bharunda. These birds 45, Stanza 77 that a combat took place on the first day bird in this place drag of the battle between Uttara and Virabahu. Uttara dead bodies away to caves. (M.B. Bhisma Parva, Chap- attacked Salya who killed Uttara. (M.B. Bhisma ter 8, Stanzas 2 to 13). of It is Parva, Chapter 47, Stanzas 36 to 39). Uttara who met UTTARMANASA. A holy place pilgrimage. Anusasana with a glorious death in the battle, got a place in stated in the Mahabharata, Parva, Chapter who visit this will heaven with the gods. (M.B. Svargarohana Parva, 25, Stanza 60, that those holy place the sin of Chapter5, Stanzas 17 and 18). get atonement from Bhrunahatya ( causing UTTARA II. A King who had gone down because of embryoctony) . his contemptuous behaviour towards his superiors. UTTARAPANCALA. An ancient country in Bharata. UTTARA III. A fire. (M.B. Vana Parva, Chapter 221, Drupada became the King of this country on the death Stanza 29 and Sabha Parva, Chapter 22). of King Prsata. (M.B. Adi Parva, Chapter 129, Stanza came under the UTTARA. 43) . In course of time Uttarapancala 1 General of the Drona. under . In the ) information. -
Essence of Sankhya Pari Jnana
ESSENCE OF SANKHYA PARIJNANA (Knowledge of Numbers) Translated and edited by V.D.N. Rao, former General Manager of India Trade Promotion Organisation, Pragati Maidan, New Delhi, Ministry of Commerce, Govt. of India now at Chennai 1 Other Scripts by the same Author: Essence of Puranas:- Maha Bhagavata, Vishnu Purana, Matsya Purana, Varaha Purana, Kurma Purana, Vamana Purana, Narada Purana, Padma Purana; Shiva Purana, Linga Purana, Skanda Purana, Markandeya Purana, Devi Bhagavata;Brahma Purana, Brahma Vaivarta Purana, Agni Purana, Bhavishya Purana, Nilamata Purana; Shri Kamakshi Vilasa Dwadasha Divya Sahasranaama: a) Devi Chaturvidha Sahasra naama: Lakshmi, Lalitha, Saraswati, Gayatri; b) Chaturvidha Shiva Sahasra naama-Linga-Shiva-Brahma Puranas and Maha Bhagavata; c) Trividha Vishnu and Yugala Radha-Krishna Sahasra naama-Padma-Skanda-Maha Bharata and Narada Purana. Stotra Kavacha- A Shield of Prayers Purana Saaraamsha Select Stories from Puranas Essence of Dharma Sindhu Essence of Shiva Sahasra Lingarchana Essence of Paraashara Smtiti Essence of Pradhana Tirtha Mahima Dharma Bindu Essence of Upanishads : Brihadaranyaka , Katha, Tittiriya, Isha, Svetashwara of Yajur Veda- Chhandogya and Kena of Saama Veda-Atreya and Kausheetaki of Rig Veda-Mundaka, Mandukya and Prashna of Atharva Veda ‘Upanishad Saaraamsa’ (Quintessence of Upanishads) Essence of Virat Parva of Maha Bharata* Essence of Bharat Yatra Smriti* Essence of Brahma Sutras* Essence of Sankhya Parijnaana* [Note: All the above Scriptures already released on www. Kamakoti. Org/news as also on Google by the respective references. The one with * is under process] 2 PREFACE Here are simple explantions of Vedic Numbers, but not indeed of Sankhya Yoga nor its Mimaamsa. General awareness of the common meanings and the power of numbers is useful to realize. -
The Brahmins of Kashmir
September 1991, Michael Witzel THE BRAHMINS OF KASHMIR vedai +aagai1 padakramayutair vedåntasiddhåntakais tarkavyåkaraai puråapahanair mantrai aagågamai ... pauråaśrutitarkaśåstranicayai ki cågnihotråkitair viprair dhyånatapojapådiniratai snånårcanådyutsukai ... kåśmīrabhūr uttamå || (Råjataragiī of Jonaråja, B 747) With the Vedas, the six appendices, with the Pada and Krama (texts), with Vedånta and Siddhånta, logic and grammar, Puråa recitation, with (Tantric) Mantras and the six traditional sects ... with its masses of Puråic, Vedic (śruti) and logic disciplines (tarkaśåstra), and, moreover, marked by Agnihotrins, with Brahmins devoted to meditation, asceticism, recitation and so on, and zealeaously engaged with ablutions, worship, and the like, ... the land of Kashmir is the best. Introduction The Kashmiri Brahmins, usually called Paits, constitute one single group, the Kåśmīra Bråhmaas, without any real subdivisions. They form, according to Bühler,2 the first Indologist to visit the Valley, one unified community: they 'interdine' (annavyavahåra) and they also teach each other (vidyåvyavahåra, vidyåsambandha). But not all of them intermarry (kanyåvyavahåra, yonisambandha), which is the real test of belonging or not belonging to a single community. This is confirmed by Lawrence,3 who distinguishes "the astrologer class (Jotish), the priest class (Guru or Båchabat) and the working class (Kårkun). The priest class do not intermarry with either of the other classes. But the Jotish and Kårkun intermarry. The Jotish Pundits are learned in the Shastras and expound them to the Hindus, and they draw up the calendars in which prophecies are made about the events of the coming year. The priest class perform the rites and ceremonies of the Hindu religion. The vast majority of the Pandits belong to the Kårkun class and have usually made their livelihood in the employment of the state." This division is believed to have taken place after the country turned to Islam in the fourtheenth century, and especially after the initial persecution of Brahmins at around 1400 A.D. -
Uttarakuru - Buddha Prakash
UTTARAKURU - BUDDHA PRAKASH According .to the earliest geographical conception of the Puranas, the earth was taken to consist of four continental regions. viz Jambu dvipa, Ketumala, Bhadrasvavarsa and Uttarakuru.1 Jambudvipa stood for India proper, Ketumala represented the Oxus region, as the river Svaraksu (Vaksu) flowed through it, Bhadrasvavarsa signified the Jaxartes region. as the river Sita watered it. and UUarakuru denoted the country beyond it. In Buddhist texts these continental regions are differently named as Jambudvipa, to the south of mount Sumeru ( Sineru), Aparagodana ( Aparagoyana ) to its wast Purvavideha to its east, and Uuarakuru to its north.2 Both these traditions agree on the fact that Uttarakuru was the name of the region to the north of India. The name Uttarakuru or northern Kuru is used in contradistinction to Daksinakuru or southern Kuru. In the Mahabharata the Uttarakurus are juxtaposed with the Daksinakurus.3 The distance between their countries can be measured by the marches of Arjuna described in the Sabha parvan. After crossing the White Mountain (Svetaparvata). he marched through Kimpurusavarsa and reached the Manasarovara Lake. in the country of the Hatakas, dominated by the Gandharvas.4 From there he entered into the region called Harivarsa, beyond which lay the land of the Uttarakurus. Elsewhere in the epic the region to the north of India. corresponding to Svetaparvata and Kimpurusavarsa. is called Haimavata, and the site/of the Manasarovara lake is indicated by the mountain Hemakuta, beyond which is said to lie Harivarsa.5 The Kailasa Range, running parallel to the Ladakh Range, 50 miles behind it, is. -
Essence of Hindu Festivals & Austerities
ESSENCE OF HINDU FESTIVALS AND AUSTERITIES Edited and translated by V.D.N.Rao, former General Manager of India Trade Promotion Organization, Ministry of Commerce, Govt. of India, Pragati Maidan, New Delhi now at Chennai 1 Other Scripts by the same Author: Essence of Puranas:- Maha Bhagavata, Vishnu Purana, Matsya Purana, Varaha Purana, Kurma Purana, Vamana Purana, Narada Purana, Padma Purana; Shiva Purana, Linga Purana, Skanda Purana, Markandeya Purana, Devi Bhagavata;Brahma Purana, Brahma Vaivarta Purana, Agni Purana, Bhavishya Purana, Nilamata Purana; Shri Kamakshi Vilasa Dwadasha Divya Sahasranaama: a) Devi Chaturvidha Sahasra naama: Lakshmi, Lalitha, Saraswati, Gayatri; b) Chaturvidha Shiva Sahasra naama-Linga-Shiva-Brahma Puranas and Maha Bhagavata; c) Trividha Vishnu and Yugala Radha-Krishna Sahasra naama-Padma-Skanda-Maha Bharata and Narada Purana. Stotra Kavacha- A Shield of Prayers Purana Saaraamsha; Select Stories from Puranas Essence of Dharma Sindhu Essence of Shiva Sahasra Lingarchana Essence of Paraashara Smtiti Essence of Pradhana Tirtha Mahima Dharma Bindu Essence of Upanishads : Brihadaranyaka , Katha, Tittiriya, Isha, Svetashwara of Yajur Veda- Chhandogya and Kena of Saama Veda-Atreya and Kausheetaki of Rig Veda-Mundaka, Mandukya and Prashna of Atharva Veda ; Also ‘Upanishad Saaraamsa’ (Quintessence of Upanishads) Essence of Virat Parva of Maha Bharata Essence of Bharat Yatra Smriti Essence of Brahma Sutras* Essence of Sankhya Parijnaana*- Also Essence of Knowledge of Numbers Essence of Narada Charitra Essence Neeti Chandrika* [Note: All the above Scriptures already released on www. Kamakoti. Org/news as also on Google by the respective references. The one with * is under process] 2 PREFACE Dharma and Adharma are the two wheels of Life‟s Chariot pulling against each other. -
Collecting Ophiocordyceps Sinensis: an Emerging Livelihood Strategy in the Garhwal, Indian Himalaya
J. Mt. Sci. (2017) 14(2): 390-402 e-mail: [email protected] http://jms.imde.ac.cn DOI: 10.1007/s11629-016-3892-8 Collecting Ophiocordyceps sinensis: an emerging livelihood strategy in the Garhwal, Indian Himalaya Laura CAPLINS 1* http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1481-5190; e-mail: [email protected] Sarah J. HALVORSON 2 http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7431-9730; e-mail: [email protected] * Corresponding author 1 Department of Society and Conservation, College of Forestry and Conservation, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana, 59812, USA 2 Department of Geography, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana, 59812, USA Citation: Caplins L, Halvorson SJ (2017) Collecting Ophiocordyceps sinensis: an emerging livelihood strategy in the Garhwal, Indian Himalaya. Journal of Mountain Science 14(2). DOI: 10.1007/s11629-016-3892-8 © Science Press and Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, CAS and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2017 Abstract: In the Garhwal of Uttarakhand, India, the Garhwal. Our study investigates the socio-spatial Bhotiya, an ethnically and culturally distinct tribal dimensions of Cordyceps collection in the high alpine group, were historically engaged in seasonal meadows. We document how a fusion of local migration (i.e. transhumance) to take advantage of knowledge and practice with alpine mountain systems scarce mountain resources and trade relations with has served to reinvigorate the economic integrity of Tibet. This livelihood practice has all but disappeared. mountain communities at a time of rapid socio- Households are adapting to these changing economic change and to reimagine a new relationship circumstances by engaging in the collection and sale between alpine resources and community well-being.