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Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-05214-7 - The Correspondence of Charles Darwin: Volume 21 1873 Editors Frederick Burkhardt, James A. Secord, Janet Browne, Samantha Evans, Shelley Innes, Francis Neary, Alison M. Pearn, Anne Secord and Paul White Index More information

INDEX

Abbot, Francis Ellingwood, 95 n.3, 96 n.5; resigna- Airy,Hubert: CD communicates his paper on phyl- tion and reinstatement as editor of Index, 145 & lotaxy to Royal Society, 20–1 & 21 nn.1–3, 51 & 146 n.3 n.1;CDoffers to lend new edition of Sachs’s Abbot, Samuel Leonard, 585 Lehrbuch der Botanik, 51 & 52 n.4; CD sends W.J. Abutilon: fertilisation, 221 Beal’s paper opposing his views, 538 &n.5;leaf Acacia: J.D. Hooker identifies species for CD, 470 & arrangement, further investigations, 126–7 & 127 472 n.5, 479, 480 & 481 nn.2 & 12, 486; A. cultri- nn.2–3, 410–14 & 415 nn.3–8; leaf arrangement formis, CD seeks from Kew, 493 & 494 n.10; A. in Gasteria, 537–8 & 538 nn.1–3; medical inspec- farnesiana (Vachellia farnesania), J.D. Hooker sends tor, Local Government Board, 538 &n.6;Royal CD leaves and plant, 468 &n.4, 469 &n.1, 469 Society publishes abstract of revised paper, 51 & &n.1, 470 & 471 n.2, 471 & 472 n.7, 473 & 475 n.1, n.2, 410 & 415 n.2, 414 & 415 n.11 479 & 481 n.3, 485 & 486 n.5 Aiton, William Townsend: researched Hortus Académie des sciences, Paris: rejects CD as corre- Kewensis from own herbarium and that of J. spondent, 282 &n.2, 285 &n.2, 567 &n.2 Banks, 43–4 & 44–5 n.4 Académie royale de Belgique: elects J.D. Hooker Album der Natuur: engraving of Jewish prisoners in associate member to express support in Ayrton Babylonian bas-relief, 3–4 & 6 n.15 dispute, 27 & 28 n.7, 29 Alcippe (Trypetesa): complemental males, 391 & 394 Academy: C.E.C.B. Appleton, editor, 246 & 248 n.4 n.2;reviewofExpression (A. Dohrn), 241 & nn.2– Allbutt, Thomas Clifford, 550 &n.2 3, 246–7 & 248 n.2, 588 & 589 n.14;reviewof Allen, Frances, 426 n.2;CDhopestorentDown H. Müller, Befruchtung der Blumen (A.W. Bennett), Lodge for F. Darwin, 426 & nn.1–2, 438 & 439 209–10 & 210 n.1, 352 & 353 n.1 n.9; opposes reading room at Down school, 526 Acasta: reproduction, 392 & 394 n.8 n.4 Accademia delle Scienze di Torino: elects CD hon- alligators: inherited instinct, 206 & 207 n.3 orary member, 585–6 Allman, George James: J.D. Hooker proposes for Acland, Henry Wentworth: J.V.Carus visits in Ox- Royal Medal of Royal Society, 273 & 274 n.8, 274 ford, 298 & 299 n.2 &n.2; monograph on gymnoblastic hydroids, Adam, William Patrick: succeeds A.S. Ayrton as 273 & 274 n.7; presidential address, biology sec- commissioner of works, 328 &n.4, 333 tion, BAAS, 399 & 400 n.15 Agassiz, Alexander: support for CD’s theories, 89 Amaranthus (Celosia cristata, cockscomb): effects of &n.4 formic acid on seed, 305 & 306 n.2 Agassiz, Louis: correspondent, Académie des sci- American Association for the Advancement of Sci- ences elects as correspondent, 282 n.2, 567 n.2; ence: A. Gray, presidential address, 122 &n.6 attempts to refute Darwinism, 90 & 91 nn.1–2, American Journal of Science: O.C. Marsh, fossil finds 96 &n.3; CD sends Nature squib ridiculing his in America, 54–5 & 55 n.1, 220 n.9 views, 90 & 91 n.2, 121 & 122 n.2; J. Fiske attacks American Naturalist: W.J. Beal, ‘Phyllotaxis of cones’, creationist philosophy, 473 &n.5, 484 & 485 n.5; 538 &n.5; CD subscribes to, 20 &n.6;O.C. summer school for natural history, Penikese Is- Marsh’s fossil finds, 55; M. Treat, ‘Controlling land, 145 & 146 n.4 sex in butterflies’, 20 &n.6;M.Treat,experi- Airy, George Biddell: president, Royal Society, 20 ments on Drosera, 305 n.7 & 21 n.1; supports W. Cavendish’s nomination as Anderson, John, 146 n.4 next president, 29 & 31 n.18;votesforW.Spot- Andrews, Thomas: proposed as president of BAAS, tiswoodeaspresident,50 &n.3 399 & 400 n.8

© in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-05214-7 - The Correspondence of Charles Darwin: Volume 21 1873 Editors Frederick Burkhardt, James A. Secord, Janet Browne, Samantha Evans, Shelley Innes, Francis Neary, Alison M. Pearn, Anne Secord and Paul White Index More information

740 Index

Anelasma: lives in pairs, buried in skin of sharks, 392; Descent and Expression, 415 & 417 n.1 A. squalicola, CD sends specimens to A. Dohrn, Archiac, Adolphe, vicomte d’: maintained there 55–6 & 56 n.6; A. squalicola, CD’s examination were no worm castings in forests, 279 & 280 n.4 of, 247 & 249 n.12; A. squalicola, R.A. Kossmann’s Argiope (Megathiris): larvae resemble Sagitta, 219 & study of, 248 & 249 n.16 220 n.6, 225 & nn.5–6 Angalis arvensis (pimpernel): whether closing of flow- Argus:reviewofExpression, 588 ers is analogous to Cassia, 536 &n.5 Aristotle: History of animals, tunny swim from right Angelico, Fra: grief muscle illustrated in ‘Descent to left, 205 & 206 n.4 from the Cross’, 72 n.1 Armstrong, William George: offered £50 to Naples Annales des sciences naturelles: G. de Saporta, fossil Zoological Station, 531 & 532 n.7, 578 & 579 n.4; plants of gypsum beds of southern France, 57 & subscribes to assist T.H. Huxley, 169 &n.4, 170, n.8 189 n.4, 591 Annals and Magazine of Natural History:T.G.Gentry, Arnold, Christoph, 258 n.12 fertilisation of Pedicularis canadensis, 526 &n.1;J.E. Arnold, Matthew: CD thanks for present of Liter- Gray, ‘On the guëmul’, 64 n.3; E.R. Lankester, ature & dogma, 66–7 & 67 n.2. 67; G.H. Darwin ‘Primitive cell-layers of the embryo’, 443 &n.8, exposes fallacy of views on prayer, 461 & 462 n.3 573–4 & 574 n.8; T.Meehan, fertilisation of Pedic- Artemisiaceae: G. Bentham criticises F. Delpino’s ularis canadensis, 526 &n.1; A. Voelcker, ‘Chemi- classification, 258–9 & 260 n.8, 565 & 566 n.8 cal composition of fluid in ascidia of Nepenthes’, Artizans, Labourers, & General Dwellings Co.: CD 459 n.2, 460 &n.2 receives dividend of £5.18s., 86 & nn.4–5;min- Anningson, Bushell: J.B. Dunbar-Brander’s views utes of general meeting, 85–6 & 86 n.1 on dogs’ instinctive muscular movements, 284 Arum maculatum: fertilisation, 221 & 223 n.7 n.7, 284 & nn.2–3 Asilus: trapped by Drosera, 303 & 305 n.3 Anthracotherium: V.O. Kovalevsky’s monograph on, asparagus: fertilisation, 231 & 232 nn.1 & 5 362 n.2, 568 n.2 Athenæum: announces CD’s forthcoming work on Anthropological Institute: G. Busk, president, 75 interbreeding, 202 n.2, 209 &n.2; early adver- n.3; merger with Ethnological Society and finan- tisement of publication of Expression, 209 &n.4; cial difficulties, 524 & nn.3–5 natural increase in elephant population, CD’s Anthus pratensis (titlark, meadow-pipit), 265 & 266 calculations questionable, 174 &n.2;reviewof n.2 Expression, 587 ants: ability to recognise each other, 159 n.3;T. Atropa belladonna: alkaloid poisons, 147 &n.2 Belt observes in Nicaragua, 312 & 313 nn.3–4; Atta: A. barbara (Messor barbarus), 490 &n.5; A. struc- CD sends J.D. Hague’s letters to Nature, 158 & tor (Messor structor), 489 & 490 n.4, 490 159 n.3, 186 &n.2, 300 & 301 n.2, 313 n.3;de- Audubon, John James: pinioned goose loses sense terred by corpses of some of their number ( J.D. of direction, 155 &n.10 Hague), 91 &n.1, 155–7 & 157 n.3, 268–9 & 269 Ayres, Clara Alice, 250 &n.2 n.2; deterred by interruption of trail, not by fear Ayres, Philip Port, 250 n.2 (T. Belt), 312 & 313 n.3;effectofformicacidon Ayres, William Port: maggots in hard-boiled egg germination of seeds, 82 & 83 n.2, 119 & 120 may result from spontaneous generation, 250 & n.1, 176, 178 &n.3, 299 & 300 n.3, 301 &n.1, n.3 343–6 & 347–8 nn.1–3, 346, 347, 355 & nn.1–2, Ayrton, Acton Smee: advocates transfer of Kew 305–6 & 306 nn.1–3, 489–90 & 490 nn.2–5;re- herbarium to new National Museum, 43 & 44 lationship of Formica pubescens to Tettigometridae n.2; J.D. Hooker’s dispute with, 27 & 27–8 nn.6– (F.Delpino), 181 &n.3, 562 &n.3;sterileworkers, 7, 29 & 30 n.5, 33 n.3;leavesOffice of Works, 328 152 & 155 n.3; symbiotic relationship with plants, &n.4, 333 & nn.5–6 312 & 313 n.1, 315–16 apes: mental faculties, 88 &n.2 BAAS. See British Association for the Advancement Apis mellifica (A. mellifera): fertilises Viola tricolor, 251 of Science & 252 n.4 Baer, Karl Ernst von: sends CD his photograph Apocynion: W.H. Leggett’s papers on, 447–8 & 448 and requests CD’s carte de visite, 203 & nn.2–3 n.3 Bain, Alexander, 22, 194 n.3; CD recalls stay at Appleton, Charles Edward Cutts Birchall: editor, Moor Park, 444 &n.7; CD unable to grasp his Academy, 246 & 248 n.2 theory of spontaneity, 444 &n.4; Review of ‘Dar- Appleton, William Henry: publishes US editions of win on expression’, 444 & nn.1–5

Index 741

Baker, Augustine Fitzgerald: T.H. Huxley’s Physi- Baxter, William Walmisley: CD orders chemicals ology endorses CD’s observations on secretion of for experiments, 366 &n.2, 367 &n.2, 369 & tears, 229–30 & 230 nn.1–3 nn.2–5, 394–5 & 395 n.2, 439 n.2, 440 n.3 Baldwin, John Denison: doubtful that all races de- Baynes, Ann Maria, 106 & 108 n.12 rive from single human stock, 23–4 & nn.1–2, 52 Baynes, Donald, 108 n.12 &n.2 Baynes, Thomas Spencer: hostile review of Expres- Balfour, Arthur James, 120 & 121 n.3 sion in Edinburgh Review, published anonymously, Balfour, Francis Maitland, 120 & 121 n.3; financial xvii, 184 n.4, 194 nn.2–3, 195 &n.6, 197 n.2, 242 difficulties of Naples Zoological Station, xx, 495– & 243 n.3, 444 &n.6, 588 & 589 n.10 6 & 496 nn.1 & 3, 503 & 504 n.2, 504, 505 &n.4, Beagle voyage: B. Bynoe, surgeon, 172 n.2;A.A. 531 & 532 n.9, 535 &n.3, 579 &n.6; seeks to re- Cochrane invites CD to relive, 244 & 245 n.3; peat F. Galton’s experiments on rabbits, 25 & 26 CD acquired J.I. Molina’s travel writings while n.10 in Valparaiso, 64 n.2; CD found it difficult to Balfour, John Hutton: CD seeks Neptunia plant classify Sagitta, 225 &n.6; CD recalls walking from, 455 & 456 n.4 through bed of Mimosa sensitiva in Brazil, 378; Balzac, Honoré de: mastery of style achieved by CD visited Bathurst, 317 & 320 n.3; CD’s edu- many revisions, 215 &n.4 cation really began on board, xx, 234 & 235 n.8; Banks, Joseph: herbarium, 44–5 n.4 R. FitzRoy, captain, 171 & 172 n.2; Galàpagos Baranowska, Maria von: A. Dohrn’s fiancée, 505 & tortoise brought home by, 171 & 172 n.2;R.Mc- n.8, 531 & 532 n.13, 579 &n.10 Cormick, surgeon, 172 n.2; R. Owen described Barbier, Edmond: revises French translation of fossil mammal specimens, 33 n.3; visited Sydney, Descent for 2d ed., 110 & 111 n.6, 216 & 217 478 & 479 n.4 n.4; translated J. Lubbock’s Prehistoric times into Beal, William James: disagrees with H. Airy on leaf French, 216 & 217 n.4; translated Journal of re- arrangement, 538 &n.5 searches into French, 216 & 217 n.6 Beale, Lionel Smith: friend of J.V.Carus, 298 & 299 barn owl (Strix flammea), 212, 218 n.2 Barnes, Thomas, 498 & 499 n.11 Bechstein, Johann Matthäus, 218 &n.3 Baroni, Paolo, 258 & 259 n.5, 565 & 566 n.5 Becker, Lydia Ernestine: supports Women’s Dis- Barrett, William Fletcher: inherited instinct in alli- abilities (Removal) Bill, 129 n.3 gators, 206 & 206–7 nn.1–3 bees: collect nectar from leaf undersides of laurel, Barrett, William Garland, 206 & 207 n.2 vetch and bean, 316 &n.2; cutting bees in Hi- Bartlett, Abraham Dee: cited in Expression on pigs’ malayas, 539 &n.3; drones of hive-bees demon- drawing back ears when fighting, 106 & 108 strate inherited instinct, 152 & 155 n.3; fertilisa- n.10; superintendent, Zoological Gardens, Re- tion of Coronilla, 321 &n.2, 323–4 & 324 nn.2– gent’s Park, 70 & 71 n.6, 108 n.10 4; Lathyrus odoratus sometimes visited by, 264;F. HMS Basilisk: survey of New Guinea, 483 &n.11 Müller works on Brazilian species, 352–3 & 353 Bassani, Francesco: with G. Canestrini, translates n.2; nectar holes in Lathyrus spp., 329–30 & 330 Expression into Italian, 65 n.2, 69 n.2, 559 n.2 n.3, 334–5 & 335 n.4; New Zealand birds have Bastian, Henry Charlton: experiments with spon- declined since introduction of, 298 &n.2; Pisum taneous generation, 250 n.3, 262 n.2 sativum often visited by, 264 Bates, Henry Walter: approaches A.R. Wallace to Begonia: J.D. Hooker suggests CD use for experi- help revise Descent for 2d ed., 502 &n.1, 505–6 & ments on absorption by glandular hairs, 30 & 31 506 n.3, 512 & 513 n.4, 514–15 & 515 n.4; appro- n.25 priate fee for updating Descent, 516 &n.3;W.Car- Belcher, George Frederick, 208 n.2 ruthers offends, 29 & 30 n.9; puts CD’s question Belfast Naturalists’ Field Club: R. Smith prepares about sexual differences in butterflies’ ocelli to paper on Darwinism for, 88–9 & 89 n.2, 96 &n.2 Entomological Society, 135 & 136 n.1; t e l l s W. W. Bell’s Weekly Messenger: J. Downing, ‘Shorthorn Reade CD is in London, 136 & 137 n.2 breeding and type maintenance’, 496 & 498 n.2 Bates, Thomas, 497 & 498 n.5 Belt, Thomas: cited in Cross and self fertilisation, 316 Bateson, Peter H., 146 n.3 n.3; hairlessness in tropics, 418 n.14; Naturalist in Baudry, Frédéric, 119 n.2, 560 n.2 Nicaragua, sends to CD, 312 & 313 n.2, 316 &n.6; Baumgärtner, Karl Heinrich: physiognomy of ill- Naturalist in Nicaragua, A.R. Wallace reviews in ness, C.H. Schaible recommends to CD, 75 & Nature, 502 &n.2; symbiosis between ants and 75–6 nn.2–3 plants, 312 & 313 n.1, 315–16

742 Index

Bence Jones, Henry: subscribes to assist T.H. Hux- watercolour sketch of CD, 226 &n.2 ley, 169 & 170 n.5, 189 n.4, 591 Biddulph, Robert Myddelton, 226 n.2 Bence Jones, Millicent, 189 &n.3 Bignonia: cross- and self fertilisation, 221 Bennett, Alfred William: CD commends H. Binney, Edward William, 552 & 553 n.6 Müller’s book, 203 &n.1, 209–10 & 210 n.1;CD Biophytum umbraculum. See Oxalis sensitiva seeks return of woodblocks of climbing plants, Birmingham Morning News: G. Hookham responds to 121 &n.3, 125 &n.2; fertilisation of Viola tricolor, F.M. Müller’s lectures on origin of language, 207 210 &n.4, 221 & 223 n.4, 223 &n.10, 232 nn.1 &n.3 & 4, 251 & 252 n.8; hoped Ray Society might Bissell, Edward, 146 n.3 fund survey of literature on fertilisation of flow- Bitis arietans. See puff adder ers, 210 &n.3; H. Müller, Befruchtung der Blumen Blackie, John Stuart, 242 & 243 n.4 durch Insekten, reviews in Academy, 209–10 & 210 Blackley, Charles Harrison: CD sends M. Wyman’s n.1, 353 n.1; plants’ sterility may be due to excess Autumnal catarrh, 280 &n.1; CD suggests exper- of pollen, 287–8 & 289 nn.1–2; self-fertilisation iments with effect of dry heat on pollen, 278 & in Impatiens fulva, 289 n.4; suggested that natu- n.2, 286; Experimental researches on causes of hay- ralists study fertilisation of plants by insects, 204 fever, 253 &n.2, 278 & 278–9 nn.2, 4 & 6–8, 280 & 205 n.2; translates F. Hildebrand’s paper on & nn.2 & 4; homeopathic practice in Manch- fertilisation of grasses, 125 &n.4;workswith ester, 286 & 287 n.3 W.T. Thiselton-Dyer on translation of J. Sachs’s Blackwood’s Edinburgh Magazine, 197 n.2 Lehrbuch der Botanik, 31 n.22, 36 &n.2, 125 &n.3, Bloch, Marcus Elieser: fishes of Germany, 224 n.2 Bennett, George: first secretary, Australian Mu- Blomefield, Leonard: CD thanks for paper on lo- seum, 482 & 483 n.6 cal biology, 177 &n.3; name taken by L. Jenyns Benoît, Justin-Miranda René: joins S. Pozzi in to secure bequest, 177 &n.2, 180 n.1 translating Expression into French, 211 & 212 n.3, Blum, Isaac, 584, 585 216 & 217 n.3, 563 &n.3 Boehm, Edgar Collins, 277 &n.5 Bentham, George, 259; anniversary address to Lin- Boehm, Fanny, 277 &n.6 nean Society, 264 &n.7, 270 & 271 nn.3–5;W. Boehm, Florence, 277 &n.4 Carruthers offends, 29 & 30 n.9; CD admires Boehm, Georgina, 277 &n.3 Linnean Society address, 273 & 274 n.5;CD Boehm, Joseph Edgar: inherited habits in sleeping, asks to send copy of address to H. Müller, 270; 276–7 & 277 nn.2–9; met H.E. Litchfield at A.V. CD differsfromonseparationofthesexes,270 Dicey’s, 276 & 277 n.1 & 271 n.5; criticises F. Delpino’s classification of Boehm, Josephine, 277 &n.4 Artemisiaceae, 258–9 & 260 n.8, 565 & 566 n.8; Böhm, Josef Daniel, 276 & 277 n.2 fully supports theory of evolution, 264 &n.7; Bois-Reymond, Emil Heinrich: coil to measure ef- J.D. Hooker encourages to publish volume of ad- fect of electrical currents on the brain, 175 & 176 dresses, 273 & 274 n.5; Lathyrus sylvestris, 336 & n.2 337 n.3; praises H. Müller’s Befruchtung der Blu- Bombus: B. hortorum and B. rajellus (B. ruderarius)fer- men, 271 n.6, 275 n.1; revision of the genus Cassia, tilise Viola tricolor, 251 & 252 n.4; B. lapidarius gath- 536 &n.2; works with J.D. Hooker on Genera plan- ers nectar from Lathyrus odoratus, 334–5 & 335 n.4; tarum, 36 n.6 B. lapidarius visits Coronilla, 324 &n.4 Berkeley, George, 242 & 243 n.5 Bombyx mori (mulberry silk-worm): will not eat let- Berkeley, Miles Joseph: J.D. Hooker will consult on tuce, 7 absorption by glandular hairs of plants, 30 & 31 Bonham-Carter, Alice: visits Down, 34 n.4 n.23 Booth, John, 497 & 498 n.6 Bernard, Claude: ‘Cours de physiology générale Booth, Richard, 497 & 499 n.9 au Muséum d’histoire naturelle’, Revue scientifique, Bopp, Franz, 272 &n.3 424 &n.9 Boston Society of Natural History: CD elected Bert, Paul: movements of Mimosa, 37 &n.6 honorary member, 585 Bianconi, Giovanni Giuseppe: La théorie darwini- Bothriocyrtum californicum. See Ctenzia californica enne et la création indépendante, 523 & nn.3–4, 576 Bouvé, Thomas Tracy, 585 & nn.3–4 Bowman, William: Expression will aid him in treat- Bibio marci: female demonstrates sexual preference, ment of patients with organic disease, 109 &n.3; 140–1 & 141 n.4 hypermetropia, how far hereditary, 521–2 & 522 Biddulph, Fanny Myddelton (née Mostyn-Owen): nn.1–2 & 4, 522; subscribes to assist T.H. Huxley,

Index 743

170 &n.3, 189 n.4, 591 Brown Animal Sanatory Institution: J.S. Burdon Brace, Charles Loring: thanks CD for Expression, Sanderson, superintendent, 144 n.2, 334 &n.5, 311; visited CD (1872), 311 & 312 n.2 370 n.6 Brace, Letitia: visited CD (1872), 311 & 312 n.2 Brown, John, 242 & 243 n.6 Brachiopoda: CD commends E.S. Morse’s paper Brown-Séquard, Charles Edouard: observations to E. Haeckel, 406 &n.5 on recently dead bodies, 5 & 7 n.27 Bradley, Henry Houghton Burton: G. Krefftintro- Brunton, Thomas Lauder: contributes to E.E. duces to CD, 487 &n.1 Klein’s Handbook,xvi,148 n.4, 537 n.1; CD seeks Bran (CD’s deer-hound), 193 & 194 n.5, 243 & 244 information on chondrin and chlorophyll, 527 & n.10 n.1, 529 &n.3; digestion of chlorophyll by an- Brandt, Alexander: describes hairy Russian boy, imals, 514 &n.4, 527 n.1; lends CD article on 418 n.15 tumbling pigeons, 137 &n.1, 143 & 144 n.3, 153 Bremer, Peter Petersson, 360 & 361 n.12 & 155 n.7; may be able to send CD pure animal Bright, Jacob: proposes Women’s Disabilities (Re- substances for experiments, 380 & 381 n.6, 453 & moval) Bill, 129 n.3 n.4; possible contributor to J. Crichton-Browne’s British Association for the Advancement of Science study of general paralysis, 550 &n.2; Ribera’s (BAAS): donates publications to A. Dohrn’s zoo- painting shows expressiveness of a squint, 527 & logical station at Naples, 55 & 56 n.4;F.Galton n.2 plans to send questionnaire about inherited intel- Buchenau, Franz, 133 & 133–4 n.2 lectual ability to presidents of sections, 233 &n.4; Büchner, Ludwig: Man in the past, present and future, W. Pengelly, testimonial, 541 n.1;R.Strachey’s G. Krefft translates poem not included in Dal- paper to Geographical section (1872) praised CD las translation, 318–19 & 320 n.6;A.Moschkau andJ.D.Hooker,36 &n.7; D.A. Spalding, facul- admires, 495 &n.2, 575 & 576 n.2 ties of newly hatched chickens (1872), 5 & 7 n.29 Buck, Emil: Senckenberg Society elects CD as cor- British Association for the Advancement of Sci- responding member, 193 &n.1, 584, 585 ence, Bradford meeting, 378 &n.2; G.J. Allman, Buckley, Arabella Burton: C. Lyell’s secretary, 187 presidential address, biology section, 399 & 400 &n.5, 386 & 389 n.1, 388, 420 & 421 n.2, 426 n.3 n.15; J.S. Burdon Sanderson, electrical phenom- Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club:noticesH. ena accompanying leaf contractions of Dionaea Müller’s Befruchtung der Blumen durch Insekten, 352 & muscipula, 327 n.7, 380 &n.3, 385 & 386 n.5, 353 n.1; W.H. Leggett, papers on Apocynion, 447– 399 & 400 n.14; G.H. Darwin, ‘On a portable 8 & 448 n.3 globe’, 354 n.3, 356 &n.4, 400 & 401 n.19;D. Buprestidae: feed on Eucalyptus, 482 & 483 n.7 Ferrier, ‘Localization of function in the brain’, Burdon Sanderson, Ghetal: visits Down, 279 n.5 399 & 400 n.13; J. Goodman, corpuscles pro- Burdon Sanderson, John Scott: British Medical duced by chilled albumen and water, 438 & 439 Association congress, addresses on physiology, n.7; J.D. Hooker describes to CD, 382 & 383 333 & 334 n.2; Brown Animal Sanatory Insti- n.6, 399–400 & 400–1 nn.7–15 & 19, 419 &n.2; tution, superintendent, 144 n.2, 334 &n.5, 370 J.D. Hooker, experiments on Nepenthes, 459–60 n.6; CD arranges for E. Frankland to send acids n.2; J.C. Maxwell, address on molecules, 399 & for experiments, 502 & 503 n.2; CD consults on 400 n.12; A.W. Williamson, president, 399 & 400 experiments on Drosera,xvi,261–2 & 262 n.1, n.10; W.C. Williamson, coal and coal plants, 399 262–3 & 263 nn.2–8, 267–8 & 268 n.3, 289 & & 400 n.11 290 n.4, 301–2 & 302 nn.2–6, 326 &n.6, 453 & British Museum: W.Carruthers, keeper, botany de- nn.2–5; CD meets in London, 143; CD needs partment, 29 & 30 n.; Galàpagos tortoises given small quantities of pure animal substances for to, 172 n.2; A. Günther, assistant keeper, 253 experiments, 380 & 381 n.5, 381 &n.3, 397 n.6; n.2; R. Owen, superintendent, natural history CD seeks E.E. Klein’s Handbook, 143 & 144 n.2; departments, 30 n.8; zoological department, J.E. CD sends globuline for experiments with arti- Gray formerly keeper, 64 n.4 ficial digestion, 513–14 & 514 n.2; CD thanks Brockhaus, Friedrich Arnold, 122 & 123 n.2, 561 & for analysis of bullock’s blood, 463 & 464 n.3;F. n.2 Darwin assists with experiments on Dionaea, 380 Brodie, Benjamin Collins: Liebig memorial appeal, &n.2, 381 &n.4; Dionaea, electrical phenomena 227 &n.4 that accompany contractions of the leaf, 326 & Brodrick, William: London canary breeder, 160 & 327 n.7, 327 n.7, 333–4 & 334 nn.4 & 7, 354, 369– n.3 70 & 370 nn.2 & 4, 379 &n.2, 399 & 400 n.14,

744 Index

Burdon Sanderson, John Scott, cont. 359 & 361 n.10 424, 456 & 457 n.4; Dionaea, reports findings to calabar bean. See Physostigma venenosum BAAS, 380 &n.3, 385 & 386 n.5, 399 & 400 n.14; Calaena: fertilisation, 270 Dionaea, telegraphs CD with results of tests, 379 Calla palustris: fertilisation, 221 & 223 nn.6–7 &n.2; Drosera, electrical charge when leaf is ex- Calopsitta novae hollandiae (Nymphicus hollandicus), 117 cited, 333 & 334 n.4, 379 &n.4, 424 n.4, 426–7 & 118 n.5 & 427 n.2; experiments with artificial digestion, Campbell, Dudley, 298 n.1 502–3 & 503 n.2, 513–14 & 514 n.2; experiments Canby, William Marriott: cited in Insectivorous plants, with spontaneous generation, 262 &n.2;inter- 32 n.2, 61 n.5; observations on Dionaea, 31 & 32 ested in C.H. Blackley’s study on pollen and hay n.2, 60–1 &61 n.2, 77 &n.3; sends CD leaves of fever, 278 & 279 n.8; recommends books on phys- Dionaea, 182–3 & 183 nn.1–2, 208 &n.1 iology to CD, 424 & 424–5 nn.6–10; refers CD’s Candolle, Alphonse de: admires Expression, 39–40 queries to T.L. Brunton, 527 &n.1, 529 &n.2; & 41 n.3, 555–6 & 557 n.3; applies strict usage temperature at which frogs are killed, 302, 326 & of term ‘nature’, 25 & 26 n.9; CD asked about nn.4–6, 333; visits Down, 263 &n.9, 278 & 279 butterflies being attracted by brightly coloured n.5, 290 n.4, 301 & 302 n.2, 385 & 386 n.5, 582 & dresses, 48 n.4, 48–9, 558 n.4;F.Galtonexagger- 583 n.24 ates influence of heredity, 40 & 41 nn.4–5, 556 Burnouf, Eugène, 272 &n.3 & 557 nn.4–5; Histoire des sciences,CDwonder- Busk, Ellen: visits CD, 582 & 583 n.13 fully interested by, 26 n.9, 27 & 28 n.9, 39 & 41 Busk, George: Anthropological Institute’s financial n.2, 555 & 557 n.2; Histoire des sciences,F.Galton problems, 524 & nn.3 & 5; CD sends G. Krefft’s reviews in Fortnightly Review, 233 &n.2; Histoire photographs of aboriginal skulls, 74 & 75 n.3; des sciences, J.D. Hooker sends to W.E. Gladstone, T.H. Huxley, subscription to assist, xx, 167 & 168 29 & 30 n.12; inheritance of intellectual ability, n.2, 168, 189 n.4, 582 & 583 n.16, 591; president, 232 & 233 n.2; inherited ability to contract the Anthropological Institute, 75 n.3; visits CD, 582 scalp, 297 n.2; instinct distinguished from imita- & 583 n.13 tion, 477 &n.4; mental state may alter ova before Butler, Agnes Isabel, 492 n.1 fertilisation, 40–1 & 41 nn.6–8, 49, 556–7 & 557 Butler, Arthur Gardiner: butterflies, courtship, 140 nn.6–8; Prodromus (with A.P. de Candolle), 459 & & 141 n.3, 141; butterflies, sexual differences in n.2; shyness may be an inherited characteristic, ocelli, 140 & 141 n.2; CD meets in London, 140 39–40, 49, 555–6; support for CD’s theories, 89 & 141 n.1; sexual preferences in Bibio, 140–1 & 141 &n.4, 96 & 97 n.9 n.4 Candolle, Augustin Pyramus de: Prodromus (with A. Butler, Fanny: death of, 173 &n.2 de Candolle), 459 &n.2 Butler, George, 492 n.1 Canestrini, Giovanni: with F. Bassani, translates Butler, Henry Montague: inherited habit when Expression into Italian, 65 n.2, 69 n.2, 559 n.2 dozing in a chair, 491 & 492 n.1 Canis familiaris pomeranus, 218 Butler, Samuel: CD comments on his pseudony- Canis latrans (coyote): the only wild dog to bark, 85 mously published Fair haven, 148 & 149 nn.2 & n.3 5; death of his mother in Menton, 173 & 173– Cantharus. See Telephorus 4 nn.2–3; Fair haven, encouraged by response of Capreolus capreolus (roe-deer): A. Reuter sends pho- CD and L. Stephen, 173 & 174 n.3; Fair haven, tograph of abnormal specimen, 161, 163 &n.3 review in Spectator [F.J. Wedgwood], 518 & 519 Capron, Edward, 322 &n.3 n.9; published Erewhon anonymously, 174 n.3;L. Cardium groenlandicum, 425 Stephen knows he is the author of Fair haven, 148 Cardwell, Annie: J.D. Hooker visits, 29 & 30 n.10 Butler, Thomas: blames S. Butler’s Erewhon for his Cardwell, Edward: J.D. Hooker visits, 29 & 30 n.10 mother’s death, 174 n.3 Cariama cristata:harshcryof,230 & 231 n.2 butterflies: attracted by bright colours, 47–8 & 48 Carlyle, Thomas, 159 & 160 n.3 nn.3–4, 48–9 & 49 n.4, 557–8 & 558 nn.3–4; Carpenter, William Benjamin, 282 n.2, 567 n.2; courtship, 140 & 141 n.3, 141;sexualdifferences ‘Dr Carpenter on mental acquisitions and inher- in ocelli, 135–6 n.1, 137 &n.1, 140 & 141 n.2 itance’, discussion in Spectator, 35 n.1; ‘Hereditary Butts, Asa K., 146 n.3 transmission of acquired psychical habits’, 35 n.1, Bynoe, Benjamin: surgeon, HMS Beagle, 172 n.2 181 & 182 n.2; Principles of physiology, 420 & 421 n.3 Carruthers, William: keeper, botany department, Cailletet, Louis Paul: absorption of water by leaves, British Museum, J.D. Hooker complains of inso-

Index 745

lence, 29 & 30 n.8 ever stands erect, 308–10, 320; winter colouring Carus, Julius Victor: Descent, CD advises he is be- of ponies, 306–7 & 310 nn.1–2, 320 ginning work on 2d ed., 506 &n.2; Expression, Chapman, John: asks CD to allow G. Wyld to seeks corrections for new German edition, 58 & visit to discuss Westminster Review, 297–8 & 298 n.1, 61 &n.1; Expression, sends reference to C.F. n.1; sends CD quote on decline of New Zealand Nasse on not breathing when attention is con- birds, 298 &n.2 centrated, 58 &n.2, 61; Expression, translates into Chatin, Gaspard Adolphe: mistaken in believing German, 298 & 299 n.3; Expression, word for toad bulbiferous Ranunculus never produces fruit, 213 does not express swelling in other European lan- &n.4 guages, 212 n.4, 563 n.4; hopes to visit CD, 209, Chaucer, Geoffrey: Chanticleer closes his eyes be- 210–11, 298, 313 &n.2; keen to translate CD’s fore crowing, 14 &n.2 forthcoming work on interbreeding, 209 &n.2, Chaumont, Francis Stephen Bennet François de: 210; lectures on natural history in Edinburgh, CD welcomes comments, 541 &n.2; provided in- 209 nn.3 & 5, 210 & 211 n.4, 245 &n.3, 298, 314 formation on habits for Expression, xviii, 63 n.4, n.3; Variation, figure of duck is mislabelled, 52–3 541 n.2; sends CD J.D. Macdonald’s paper on & 53 n.1, 53–4 & 54 n.1; Variation,prepares2d distribution of invertebrates, 59 &n.1, 63 &n.2 German edition, 53 n.1 Chaumont, Helen François de, 59 &n.2 Caspari, Otto: sends CD book on human history Chaumont, Louise François de, 59 &n.2, 63 &n.4 and evolution of the mind, 122–3 & 123 n.2, 561 Chauveau, Auguste: Anatomie des animaux domestique, &n.2 dogs’ anus, 284 &n.2 Caspary, Robert: fertilisation of Corydalis, 275 &n.2 Cheeseman, Thomas Frederick: New Zealand Cassia:effect of water on leaflets, 534; movements, species of Pterostylis, 269–70 & 270 nn.1 & 3, 371 534 & 535 nn.1 & 3; C. floribunda (Senna floribunda), &n.2 536 &n.2; C. herbertiana, 536 &n.3 Chelonia mydas (green turtle): migration to Ascen- Castanea americana: undernourished plants tend to sion, 124 &n.4 produce yellow leaves, 103 n.4 Chlamydosaurus kingii: capable of rising on hind legs, caterpillars: protective mechanisms, 208 &n.1 201 & 202 n.4;G.Krefft sent skeleton to T.H. cats: angora cat likes to be stroked the wrong way, Huxley, 290 n.4 13–14; Crystal Palace cat show, 384 &n.2;ex- Choice, Felix: wife and daughters weep from hap- terminate parti-coloured rabbits, 106; inherited piness, 1 habit of sitting to beg for food, 11; inherited in- Choice, Jane, 1 &n.3 stinct, 71 &n.2; A. Michelet researches history Choice, Jane Emily, 1 &n.3 and behaviour of, 119 &n.4, 560 &n.4; replicate Choice, Jessie, 1 &n.3 pounding movements during suckling in later Chrysococcyx lucidus, 265–6 n.1 life, 38 & 39 n.3, 42; sense of smell less acute Cistus: irritability of stamens, 445 than dogs’, 131–2; whether guided by direction Claparède, Edouard: support for CD’s theories, 96 of light, 237–8 & 238 n.1 & 97 n.9 Cavendish, William, 7th duke of Devonshire: chan- Clark, Andrew: F. Galton wonders if he has heard cellor, Cambridge University, 31 n.18;nominated of J. Goodman’s paper at BAAS, 438 & 439 n.7; against J.D. Hooker for presidency of Royal So- T.H. Huxley’s physician, 158 &n.4, 161 &n.1, ciety, 29 & 30 n.15, 32 & 33 n.4, 50 &n.3 171 &n.3, 194 & 195 n.3; treats CD, prescribing Cecil, James Brownlow William Gascoyne-, 2d quiet life and strict diet, xxi, 365 & nn.2–4, 378, marquess of Salisbury, 26 n.10 382 &n.3, 402 &n.8, 423 &n.3, 427 & 428 n.1, Cecil, Robert, 3d marquess of Salisbury, 504 n.6 486 &n.7, 494 &n.3, 582 & 583 n.27;treatsG.H. Celosia cristata. See Amaranthus Darwin, 365 n.3, 427 & 428 n.2, 433 & 434 n.6, Cephalotus: J.D. Hooker researches for CD, 469 & 434 n.5, 438 n.4; treats E. Langton, 433 & 434 470 n.7 n.7, 434 n.5 Cetonia: feed on Eucalyptus, 482 & 483 n.7 Claus, Carl Friedrich: support for CD’s theories, 89 Chace, Elizabeth Buffon: evidence of a young &n.4, 96 & 97 n.7 horse showing sympathy, 372 & 373 n.5 Clephan, T.Richmond: can easily move his left ear, Challenger deep-sea dredging expedition, 389 n.4, 77–8 & 78 nn.1–2 394 n.2 Clifford, William Kingdon, 372 & 373 n.10 Chance, Frank: temperature and pigment, 307–8 Clotho arietans (Bitis arietans). See puff adder & 310 n.4, 310, 320; whether hair of humans William Clowes & Sons: CD has always found their

746 Index

William Clowes & Sons, cont. 323–4 & 324 nn.2–4; T.H. Farrer studies, 335 & printing accurate, 509 &n.5 336 n.7 Cobbe, Frances Power: CD declines to be sole sig- Correggio: Nativity, expression of delight, 22 &n.4 natory of petition to extend the vote, 129 &n.3 Corydalis: fertilisation, 217 &n.1, 275 &n.2 Cochrane, Arthur A.: invites CD to join cruise of Costerus, Jan Constantijn: admiration for CD West Paciﬁc coast on HMS Repulse, xxiii, 244 & among Utrecht, xxv, 129–30 & 130 n.3, 134;CD 245 nn.1–3, 249 &n.2 sends photographs, 134; grieved to hear of CD’s Codariocalyx motorius. See Desmodium gyrans poor health, 159 & 160 n.2; sends photograph to Cohn, Ferdinand Julius: role of elasticity in move- CD, frontispiece, 141 & 142 n.1 ment of plants, 37 &n.7; support for CD’s theo- Country: a Journal of Rural Pursuits: F.B. Goodacre ries, 89 &n.4, 96 & 97 n.8 proposes museum of domestic animals, 69 n.3 Colchicum autumnale: alkaloid poisons, 147 &n.2 Cox, Henry Fisher: invites G.H. Darwin to write Collier, Bertha Cecil, 114 & 115 n.2 occasional articles for the Examiner, 438 & 439 Collier, Charles Calmady, 114 & 115 n.2 n.8 Collier, Cycill Christiana, 114 & 115 n.2 Crania (Novocrania), 219 & 220 n.6 Collier, Frederick Mortimer, 114 & 115 n.2 Crawfurd, John: past president, Ethnological Soci- Collier, George Buller, 114 & 115 n.2 ety, 524 & 525 n.6 Collier, Henry William, 114 & 115 n.2 Crichton-Browne, Emily: demonstrates expres- Collier, William Frederick: admires Variation, 84–5 sions for J. Crichton-Browne’s photographs, 175 &n.4;blushing,114 & 115 n.3; pamphlet con- & 176 n.1, 177 demning corporal punishment of children, 84 & Crichton-Browne, James: acknowledged as ‘excel- 85 n.1, 114 &n.1; speed of racehorses, 85 & nn.5– lent observer’ in Expression, 99 & 100 n.1;CD 6, 114 & 115 n.4 inquires after health and reiterates gratitude for Combe, Andrew: J. Farr admires writings of, 286 & help, 97 & nn.2–3, 99 & 101 n.6, 108 & 109 n.2; n.2 Expression, presentation, 97 &n.3, 108 & 109 n.2; Combe, George: J. Farr admires writings of, 286 & Expression, provided data and photographs, 97 & n.2 n.3; investigated blushing for CD, 101 n.4;pre- Cone, Calvin, 146 n.3 pares observations of hereditary movements, 99 Contemporary Review: W.B. Carpenter, ‘Hereditary & 100 n.2, 109; proposed study of general paral- transmission of acquired psychical habits’, 35 n.1; ysis, requests remarks from CD on its physiog- G.H. Darwin, ‘Beneﬁcial restrictions to liberty nomy, xviii–xix, 549–50 & 550 nn.1–2, 550–1; of marriage’, 314 &n.2, 357 n.2;G.H.Dar- sends CD more photographs of lunatics, 99 & win, ‘Commodities versus labour’, 449 &n.3;H. 101 n.5, 100, 109; sends CD studies of expressions Spencer, articles ridiculing W.E. Gladstone and demonstrated by his wife, 175 & 176 n.1, 177; West defending Toryism, 475 & 476 nn.5–6 Riding Lunatic Asylum, medical reports, 368 & Conway, Moncure Daniel: Sacred anthology, xxiii, n.2, 377 373 n.2, 377 &n.6; sends CD account of debate Crookes, William: investigates psychic powers of between Zoroastrian sages and animals, 371 & mediums, 73 &n.2 373 n.2, 377; sent CD T.W. Higginson’s essays, 95 Crosskey, Robert, 500 &n.3 & 96 n.4; visits Down, 34 &n.3, 57 & 58 n.10, Crotch, William Duppa: cited in Descent, 2d ed., 582 &583 n.4; voluntary movement of the ears, 502 n.2; homing instinct in animals, 501 & 502 372 & 373 n.6 n.4; observes lemmings, 501 & 502 n.3; reindeer’s Cooke, Robert Francis: Expression, accounts in shedding of horns, 501 & 502 n.2 preparation, 54 &n.3; Origin, 6th ed., 3000 sold Cryptophialus: complemental males, 391 & 394 n.4 and reprint needed, 54 &n.1 Crystal Palace Cat Show: CD among patrons and Cope, Edward Drinker: believes in evolution but hopes people will not be deterred by atheistical only moderately in natural selection, 96 & 97 cats, xxiii–iv, 384 &n.2 n.11; ‘bone wars’ with C.D. Marsh, 220 n.10, 225; Ctenophorus. See Grammatophora law of acceleration and retardation of develop- Ctenzia californica (Bothriocyrtum californicum): J.T. ment, 101 & 103 n.3; photographed with fossil Moggridge observes, 291 &n.4 found in Wyoming, 101 & 103 n.1, 102; support cuckoos: may acquire resemblance to birds in for CD’s theories, 89 &n.4, 96 & 97 n.11;views whose nests they are hatched, 264–5 & 266 nn.1– discussed in Origin, 6th ed., 97 n.11 3 Coronilla: bees bore tiny hole in vexillum, 321 &n.2, Cupples, Anne Jane: CD sends regards to, 193 &

Index 747

194 n.4;literarywork,197 & 198 n.9, 245 n.8; ences elects to botanical section (1878), 282 n.2, sends regards to CD and E. Darwin, 243 & 244 567 n.2; Accademia delle Scienze di Torino, hon- n.12; Tappy’s chicks, 245 &n.8 orary member, 585–6 Cupples, George: CD curious to know author of Boston Society of Natural History, honorary mem- Edinburgh Review article on Expression, xvii, 193 & ber, 585; Koniklijke Nederlandse Akademie van 193–4 nn.1–3; Edinburgh Review critique of Expres- Wetenschappen, fellow (1872), 130 n.3; Sencken- sion may be by J.H. Stirling, 196–7 & 197 n.2; Ed- berg Society for Natural Science, Frankfurt am inburgh Review critique of Expression probably by Main, corresponding member, 193 &n.1, 584–5 T. S. B a y n e s , 242 & 243 nn.2–3; Edinburgh Review finances: Artizans, Labourers, & General is moribund, 196; enjoys J. Lubbock’s Origin of Dwellings Co. pays dividend of £5.18s., 86 & civilisation, 197 & 198 n.7; prize deer-hound at Ed- n.4; A. Clark, pays 14 guineas, 365 n.3;F.Dar- inburgh show, 243 & 244 n.10; sent CD report of win, would pay £200 p.a. as secretary with al- J.V.Carus’s Edinburgh lectures, 245 &n.3;works lowance of £500, 390; F. Darwin, pays £5 for on poems and monograph on deer-hounds, 197 loan of his microscope, 267 &n.2;W.E.Dar- & 198 n.10 win estimates that each of CD’s sons would have Curtis’s Botanical Magazine: Lobelia heterophylla, 359 & £30,000, 389;donated£5 to Westminster Review 360 n.7 (1869), 298 n.1; Expression, receives payment of Curtius, Georg, 272 &n.3 £1050 for first 7000 copies, 68 &n.3; Hartnack Cuvier, Georges, 89 microscope, purchases for £16.18s., 267 n.9, 446 Cynopithecus niger (Macaca nigra): expression of plea- n.7;HopkinsandWilliams,£1.2s. for chemicals, sure, 3 & 6 n.9 366 n.1; T.H. Huxley, subscribes £300 to assist, Cyprinus spp., 224 & nn.2–3 168; J. von Liebig, donates £5 for statue, 227 Cypripedium: H. Müller corrects CD’s account of n.3; F. Müller, pays profit on Facts and arguments fertilisation, 371 &n.3 for Darwin, 407 &n.2; J. Murie, subscribes £10 Czerny, Vinzenz: lecture on relation of surgery to to fund for, 134; J. Murray, pays £41.7s.5d. for natural science, 75 &n.1 presentation copies, 401 n.2; Naples Zoological Station, increases subscription to £75, 507 &n.3; Dabney, Virginius: Solanaceae, tobacco worms’ Naples Zoological Station, will contribute £50 preference and hogs’ avoidance of proves Dar- if subscription is organised, 503; Pengelly testi- winian hypotheses, 454–5 & 455 nn.1–4, 484 monial, sends £5.5s., 541 &n.1; Wealden Explo- Daily News:DarwinstakeThe Times instead of, 582 ration Fund, donates £10, 140 &n.2 & 583 n.23;reviewofExpression, 587 & 588 n.1; health: a good deal out of health and early morn- review of J.S. Mill’s Autobiography, 462 n.4 ing his best time, 494;abletoworkatregular Daily Post:reviewofExpression, 587 & 588 n.4 times but unable to see anyone he does not ha- Daily Telegraph:reviewofExpression, 587 & 588 n.2 bitually see, 423; after illness, ordered by doctor D’Albertis, Luigi Maria: collects and takes pho- to do very little and avoid over-exertion by long tographs in New Guinea, 201 & 202 n.9 conversations, 377 &n.5, 423 &n.3, 457 & 458 Dalechampia roezliana (D. spathulata): colour and n.3; a confirmed invalid but can walk some nourishment, 103 &n.5 hours daily, and then is happy, 76;badforthe Dallas, William Sweetland: translated L. Büchner’s last 33 years, 234; A. Clark calls on in London, work on human origins, 318 & 320 n.5; translated 494 &n.3; A. Clark finds him free of organic F. Müller’s Facts and arguments for Darwin, 407 n.2 disease and prescribes diet for acid indigestion, Dallinger, William Henry: theory of spontaneous xxi, 365 & nn.2–4; A. Clark’s treatment is do- generation, 406 n.4, 441 & 443 nn.2 & 4, 572 & ing him good, 486 &n.7; doubts that diet will 574 nn.2 & 4 do much good, 535, 547; fatigued by journey to Dalton, John Call: Treatise on human physiology, 147 & the City, 164 & 165 n.3; growing old and may 148 n.3, 424 &n.7 not have strength and time to continue former Dana, James Dwight, 282 n.2, 567 n.2; Corals and researches, 178; hydropathic cure at Moor Park, coral islands, 553 n.9 260 &n.2, 444 &n.7; long much out of health, Dapsy, László: translates Descent into Hungarian, 149; medicates with mixture of essence of gin- 240 & nn.1 & 3; translates Origin into Hungarian, ger and brandy, 53 &n.4; poor health prevents 240 &n.2, 250–1 & 251 n.2 him joining cruise of western Pacific, 249 &n.2; Darwin, Charles Robert pretty bad and must work very little, 370;pre- awards and positions: 584–6; Académie des sci- vents from attending Down School Board, 544;

748 Index

Darwin, Charles Robert, cont. 289 n.1; relationship between plants and nectar- somewhat better of late, 225; takes Fowler’s Solu- feeding insects, 316 n.3; C.V.Riley cited, 252 n.6; tion, containing arsenite, 98 &n.3; trips to Kew separation of the sexes, 271 n.5; W.T. Thiselton- have exhausted him, 473; unable to undertake Dyer cited, 360 n.6; Vicia sativa, secretion of nec- visits, 164; very ill with partial memory loss, 354, tar in stipules, 316 n.4 355 &n.3, 355 &n.2, 355 & 356 n.2, 363 &n.2, — Descent; African ostriches, males incubate eggs, 363–4 & 364 n.3, 364 &n.2, 378 & 379 n.5, 399 117 & 118 n.9; ants’ ability to recognise each & 400 n.3, 402 &n.8, 423 &n.3, 457 & 458 n.3, other, 159 n.3; appendix a rudimentary organ 582 & 583 n.27 that may become inflamed, 533 & 534 n.1, 540 & opponents of theories: Académie des sciences, n.3; ascidians, homologies with vertebrates, 225 282 &n.2, 567 &n.2; L. Agassiz, 89–90 & 91 n.1, n.6;A.Baincited,444 n.2; caged birds attract- 96 &n.3; G.G. Bianconi, 523 &n.3, 576 &n.3; ingothersofsamespecies,117 & 118 n.5;ca- Edinburgh Review [T.S. Baynes], xvii, 193 & 193–4 naries monogamous in the wild, 160 &n.2; cli- nn.1–3, 196 & 197 n.2, 197, 211 n.4, 242 & 243 n.3, mate not a major determinant of colour in hu- 246 & 248 n.3; J. Huber, 135 & nn.2 & 4, 561 & man races, 310 n.4; development of horns in do- 562 nn.2 & 4; R.A. von Kölliker, 96 &n.4;F.Mc- mestic sheep variable, 533 & 534 n.4;develop- Coy, 291–2 & 294 n.2; St G.J. Mivart, 193 & 194 ment of language, 24, 52 n.3; embedded caudal n.3, 195 &n.7, 246 & 248 n.3;C.W.Nägeli,96 & vertebrae of Macacus inornatus analogous to hu- n.5; J. O’Malley, 292 & 294 n.3; C. Perry, bishop man coccyx, 134 n.2; existence of God admitted of Melbourne, 291–2 & 294 n.2;R.Owen,32 & by highest intellects, xxii–xxiii, 159 & 160 n.4; 33 n.3, 36 &n.8, 535 &n.4; P. Somssich, 240 & fighting stallions in Falklands, 118 n.10; growth 241 nn.4–5; G.C. Swallow, 372 & 373 n.4, 377 of hair on human body, 416 & 417 n.10, 417 & publications: 418 n.15; A. Günther cited, 253 n.1; humans can- — Climbing plants; first published by Linnean Soci- not move their ears, 77 & 78 n.1; humans’ use ety, 121 n.3; Lathyrus nissolia, 463–4 n.2; new edi- of speech does not preclude facial movements, tion planned, 313 & 314 n.4, 325 &n.4 416 & 417 n.9; Hungarian translation (L. Dapsy), — Climbing plants, 2d ed.; CD expects small sales, 240 & nn.1 & 3; inherited ability to contract the 403 &n.5; CD works on, 313 & 314 n.4, 403 & scalp, 297 n.2; F.B. Johnston’s observations on, n.5, 581 & 582 n.1; J. Murray publishes, 121 n.3 116–18 & 118 nn.1–10; A. Kennedy cited, 298 n.2; — Coral reefs; CD suggests Smith, Elder reprint, A.O. Kovalevsky cited, 225 n.6;G.Krefft appre- 542–3 & 543 n.5 ciates and offers further help, 74 & 74–5 nn.1 & 5; — Cross and self fertilisation, 73 n.1; anemophilous R.B. Litchfield passes on errata in first printing, plants, 264 n.8, 278 & 279 n.3; T. Belt cited, 316 92 & nn.1–4; long eyebrow hairs a family trait, n.3; benefits of intercrossing, 394 n.6; Bombus lap- 416 & 417 n.6; luminosity of insects, 117 & 118 idarius sucks nectar without depressing flower’s n.4; Maori population in decline, 298 n.2; Mega- keel, 335 n.4; R. Caspary cited, 275 n.2; Corydalis, lophrys,sexualdifferences, 253 n.1; mental capac- self sterility, 275 n.2, 276 n.5; CD works on, 581 ity of birds, 117 & 118 nn.6–7; migratory instinct, & 582 n.2; F. Delpino cited, 264 n.8;draftms., 477 n.4; J. Murie cited, 134 n.2; new characters 223 n.11; Eschscholzia californica, 229 n.3; F. Hilde- which appear late in life are transmitted to same brand cited, 229 nn.2–3, 275 n.2; Hypericum gran- sex alone, 475–6 & 476 n.7; origin of language, diflorum, 229 n.2; Ipomoea purpurea, self-fertilisation 272 n.2; origins of moral sense in humans can be reduces fertility, 471 & 472 n.14; A. Kerner cited, traced to animals, 373 n.4; J. Paget cited, 416 & 264 n.6; Lathyrus, 335 n.3; Lathyrus odoratus, 258 417 n.6; J. Peel’s comments on, 533 & 534 nn.1–8; & 259 nn.2 & 4, 264 n.4, 565 & 566 nn.2 & 4; pinioned goose loses sense of direction, 155 n.10; Lobelia ramosa ‘Snow Flake’, 360 n.6; H. Müller platysma myoides, 415 & 417 n.2; Polish trans- looks forward to, 251 & 252 n.2;H.Müllercited, lation, 87 &n.7, 213–14 & 214 nn.2 & 4, 563– 205 n.4, 240 n.3; Phaseolus multiflorus (P. coccineus), 4 & 564 nn.2 & 4; Polish translation, woodcuts, 258 & 259 n.6, 360 n.2, 565 & 566 n.6; Pisum 214 &n.6, 564 &n.6; protective mechanisms of sativum, 258 & 259 n.7, 264 n.3, 565 & 566 n.7; caterpillars, 208 n.1; Rhynchaea capensis, 117 & 118 premature announcement of publication, 202 & n.8; B.C. Seemann cited on musical language of n.1, 202 &n.2, 210; prepotency of pollen from the East, 151 &n.4; snipe, breeding in England, same and different species, 402 n.7; publication, 533 & 534 n.3, 540 &n.4;talkingparrots,545 1876, 122 n.3, 202 n.2, 202 n.3, 211 n.2, 314 n.4, &n.2; throat pouches of male grouse and bus- 407 n.4; quantity of pollen, effect on fertilisation, tard, 117 & 118 n.3; voluntary movement of the

Index 749

ears, 116 & 118 n.1, 373 n.6, 415–16; white-coated on expression’, 444 & nn.1–5; birds, involuntary quadrupeds of northern climes, 307 & 310 n.3; muscles may originally have been voluntary, 2 & winter colouring of mammals, 306 & 310 n.1; 6 n.3; blind eye deviates over time, 10 & 12 n.24; Woolnerian tip, 139 n.8, 416 & 417 n.3, 544 n.3, blushing, 5 & 7 nn.24–5, 10, 49 &n.6, 84 & 85 546 n.1 n.2, 104 & 107 n.4, 114 & 115 n.3, 145 & 146 n.10, — Descent, 2d ed., xxi,; T. Belt cited, 418 n.14;cor- 351, 444 &n.5; W. Bowman welcomes, 109 & rected spellings, 92 nn.2–3; courtship in butter- n.3; bristling hair associated with mental illness, flies, 141 &n.3; W.D. Crotch cited on usefulness 180 n.2; calves once suckled difficult to rear by of female reindeer’s horns, 502 n.2;CDspecifies hand, 7 & 11 n.3; A. de Candolle admires, 39–40 work needed to produce, 508–9 & 509 nn.1–5; & 41 n.3, 555 & 557 n.3; caterpillars’ preference CD works on, 515 n.4, 543 n.5, 535 & 535–6 n.5, for particular trees, 7 & 11 n.4; cats replicate 547 & 548 n.5, 581 & 583 n.3;G.H.Darwintoas- pounding movements during suckling in later sist with revision, 512 & nn.2–3, 515 &n.3, 519 & life, 38 & 39 n.3, 42; causes of gooseflesh, 309 & n.2, 523 &n.2; F.D. Fenton, report on aboriginal 310 n.8; cobras destroyed by ichneumon, 6 n.8; inhabitants of New Zealand, 552 & 553 n.7;hair- conservation of force, 351 & 352 n.7; contempt, lessness in tropics, 418 n.14; G. Hookham cited, expression of, 10; contraction of the iris, 8 & 207 n.3; J.-C. Houzeau cited, 88 n.4; T.H. Hux- 11 n.7; coughing, imitation and control, 7 & 11 ley, note on structure of the brain in apes and hu- n.6; J. Crichton-Brown, data and photographs mans, 535 & 535–6 n.5; Lepidoptera, variability of inmates of West Riding Asylum, 97 n.4;cry- of ocelli, 136 n.1; F. Max Müller referred to, 373 ing, A. Bain approves of CD’s account, 444 & n.9; Megalophrys, incorrect description removed, n.5; CD hopes to bring out new edition, 61 & 253 n.1; L. Meyer, Woolnerian tip results from n.1; decapitated frog demonstrates reflex, 38 & random variability, 546 n.1; J.S. Mill’s principle 39 n.4; dilation of pupils in terror, 10 & 12 n.27; of association, 352 n.5; movement of human ear, direct action of the nervous system, 444 &n.3; passage modified, 78 nn.1–2; origin of language, dogs, ‘grinning’, 3, 15; dogs, instinctive muscular 272 n.2; platysma myoides, reference omitted, movements, 282–3 & nn.2–3;dogs,turningin 417 n.2; rattlesnakes can learn to avoid traps, 417 sleep, 8 & 11 n.8; Dutch translation (H. Hartogh n.8; reindeer, horns unaffected by castration, 534 Heijs van Zouteveen), 2 & 6 n.2; elephants shed n.8; Rhea, like ostrich, incubates eggs, 118 n.9; tears when suffering, 339–40 & 340 n.1; eleva- sphinx moth attracted to floral wallpaper, 48 n.4, tion of eyebrows in surprise, 112–13 & 113 nn.1– 558 n.4;talkingparrots,545 &n.2;A.R.Wallace 2; expression during concentration, 350 & 352 willing to help prepare, 502 &n.1, 505–6 & 506 n.2; faculties of newly hatched chickens, 5 & 7 n.3, 508–9 & 509 nn.1–5, 512 & nn.3–4, 514–15 & n.28; fear causes hair to stand erect, 308;French 515 n.5 translation (S. Pozzi and R. Benoît), 110 & 111 — Descent, French ed.; E. Barbier revises transla- n.8, 211–12 & 212 nn.2–3, 216 & 217 n.3, 218 & tion, 110 & 111 n.6, 216 & 217 n.4; sales might nn.1–3, 563 & nn.2–3; frowning when focussing have been greater with more literary translation, on distant object, 107 & 108 n.18; T. Gomperz’s 216 &n.2; translated by J.J. Moulinié, 110 & 111 observations, 350–2 & 352 nn.1–7;grief,pho- nn.6–7 tograph demonstrating, 18 & 19 n.5; grief mus- — Descent, German ed.; CD advises J.V.Carus he is cle illustrated Fra Angelico’s ‘Descent from the beginning work on 2d ed., 506 &n.2;reception, Cross’, 72 n.1; A. Günther cited, 6 n.8; habit- 122–3 & 123 n.3, 561 &n.3;sales,582 & 583 n.35 ual but purposeless movement in animals, 120 — Earthworms; A. d’Archiac cited, 280 n.4;G.King n.2; habitual movements, 142 & 143 n.1;H.Har- acknowledged, 77 n.2, 280 nn.2 & 4;G.Krefft togh Heijs van Zouteveen’s notes on, 2–5 & 6–7 acknowledged, 75 n.6, 320 n.4; published 1881, nn.3–29; S. Haynes’s comments on, 7–11 & 11-12 280 n.3 nn.3–29; head-butting in anger, 4 & 6 n.27, 16– — Expression, 54 &n.4; anger, baring of teeth, 80 17; T.W. Higginson’s notes on, 145–6 & 146 nn.5 & 81 n.8;anger,ruffling of feathers, 9 & 12 n.17; & 7–10; C. Hinton’s observations, 254–7 & 257–8 anger, stamping, 8 & 12 n.16; astonishment, 351 nn.1–12; holding the breath when performing & 352 n.4; astonishment, opening of the arms, 38 delicate action, 107 & 108 n.20; Homer cited on & 39 n.6; attention, effects on lachrymal and sali- expression of rage, 12 & 13 n.4; horses nibbling vary glands, 12 n.28; attention, when attention is each other, 8 & 11 n.9; horses, effects of expec- concentrated we forget to breathe, 58 &n.2;A. tation, 8; T.H. Huxley cited, 230 n.3; influence Bain cited, 444 n.2;A.Bain,Review of ‘Darwin of the mind on reproductive organs, 41 &n.7,

750 Index

Darwin, Charles Robert, cont. & 511–12 nn.1–6; W. Shakespeare cited, 5 & 7 556 & 557 n.7; inheritance of emotional expres- n.25; sheep may stamp the ground but do not sion, 11 & 12 n.29; inherited gestures, 63 n.4, 100 fight with forelegs, 207 &n.4; sheldrakes ‘danc- n.2, 277 &n.10, 316–17 & 317 n.2, 491 n.1;Italian ing’, 14–15 & 15 n.2, 283 n.4; smacking of lips, translation (G. Canestrini and F. Bassani), 65 n.2, 107 & 108 n.17; sneezing, 8 & 11 n.6;H.Spencer’s 69 n.2, 559 n.2; Italian translation, C.I.F. Major theory of correlation of forces, 8 & 12 n.13;J.B. unable to find a publisher, 65 &n.2, 69 &n.2, von Spix and K. von Martius cited, 104 & 107 558–9 & 559 n.2; H. Jackson comments on, 12–13 n.4; supplication, 4 & 6nn.12–16; tail-wagging & 13 nn.2–7; jumping for joy, 180 n.3; kissing, 16; in dogs, 167 n.2; tears may be a sign of happi- laughter, 6 n.10, 8 & 12 n.15, 9, 16; laughter pre- ness, 1 &n.2; toads, European words for express dates speech, 24 &n.2; likelihood of descent from swelling, 2 & 6 nn.5–7, 211 & 212 n.4, 563 &n.4; single parent-stock, 311 & 312 n.3; J. Lister cited, trembling, 8 & 11 n.10, 107 & 108 n.16, 113 &n.7, 321 n.4; S.W. Moore admires, 434–5;motionof 116, 351 & 352 nn.6–7; voluntary movement of man playing billiards, 145 & 146 n.7; movement the scalp, 9; H. Wedgwood cited, 211 & 212 n.4, of the ears, 312 n.5; H. Müller admires, 220–1; 563 &n.4; wild dogs, other than coyote, do not J. Murray pays CD £1050 for first 7000 copies, bark, 84 & 85 n.3; young animals push against 68 & nn.2–3; J. Murray prepares schedule of ex- mothers to stimulate milk flow, 104 & 107 n.2 penses, 54 &n.3; nerve-force, liberation of, 8 & — Expression, 2d ed., 417 n.12; astonishment, 352 n.4 12 n.12; new edition, CD would make heavy cor- & 7; J.V.Carus cited, 58 n.3; F. Darwin edits, 45 rections, 402–3; new edition, J. Murray as yet un- n.1, 61 n.1; J.B. Dunbar-Brander cited, 283 n.6; able to begin, 401; oxen stamping, 16 & 17 n.2;J. H.F.H. Elliot cited, 120–1 n.2; W.W. Gull cited, Paget welcomes, 109 &n.3;pain,criesof,8 & 14 n.2;S.Haynescited,11 n.3, 12 n.26; inherited 12 n.11; perspiration, causes of, 8 & 12 n.14; pigs, habit when dozing in a chair, 491 n.1;H.Jackson may draw back ears when fighting, 106; platysma cited, 13 n.2; H.P. Lee, observations of expres- myoides, 415 & 417 n.2; pouting by children is sions used by Japanese and Chinese, 45 n.1.; C.F. universal, 107 & 108 n.19; presentations, 21, 39 & Nasse cited, 58 n.3; pigs draw back ears when 41 n.3, 87–8 & 88 n.1, 97 &n.3, 99 & 100 n.1, 108 fighting, 116 n.5; H. Reeks cited, 108 n.18;toad, & 109 n.2, 118–19 & 119 n.2, 138 & 139 n.6, 341 & word for expresses swelling in several European 342 n.2, 407 &n.6, 555 & 557 n.3, 560 &n.2; pub- languages, 218 n.1; Ursus americanus shades eyes lished November 1872, 209 &n.4; raising of hair when focussing on distant object, 108 n.18;vol- now useless in humans, 12 n.18; rattlesnake, pur- untary vomiting, 23 n.2; A.R. Wallace’s doubts pose of rattle, 9 & 12 n.20, 254, 255 & 257 n.2;re- CD’s account of reflex action of frogs, 39 n.4 ception: in great demand in San Francisco, 91 & — Expression, German ed.; J.V. Carus translated, n.2; H. Reeks’s notes on, 104–7 & 107–8 nn.1–20; 298 & 299 n.3; new edition in preparation, 58 reflex actions analogous to instincts, 152 & 155 &n.1, 61 &n.1;sales,582 & 583 n.35 n.4; reflex sneezing by infant taking first breath, — Fossil Cirripedia; CD spent nine years preparing, 107 & 108 n.15; relation of brain and senses, 181 234 & 235 n.11 & 182 n.3;reprint(2000 copies), 68 &n.2, 109 & — Insectivorous plants; absorption by glandular hairs, n.6; resignation, expression of, 10 & 12 n.25;re- 27 n.2, 57 n.7, 440 n.4, 468 n.2, 472 n.9;artifi- sponses to offensive odours, 510 & 511–12 nn.2– cial gastric juice prepared by F. Darwin, 429 n.3; 3; reversion, 105 & 108 n.9; reviews, 108 & 109 T. Brunton’s experiments on digestion of chloro- n.3, 587–8 & 588–9 nn.1–15; reviews, Academy phyll by animals, 514 n.4; J.S. Burdon Sander- (A. Dohrn), 241 & nn.2–3, 246 & 248 n.2;re- son cited, 263 n.3, 326 n.6, 503 n.2;W.M.Canby views, Edinburgh Review [T.S. Baynes], 193 & 193– cited, 32 n.2, 61 n.5, 183 n.2; CD expects small 4 nn.1–3, 196 & 197 n.2, 197, 242 & 243 nn.2–3, sales, 403 &n.5; CD will send to M. Treat, 325 245 &n.5, 246 & 248 n.3, 444 &n.6; Russian &n.4; CD writes and corrects, 581 & 582 n.1; translation (V.O. Kovalevsky), 220 &n.8;C.St Dionaea, 38 n.9; Dionaea, glands both secrete and John cited, 283 n.4; sales, xvii, 37 & 38 n.10, 38 absorb, 472 n.9; Dionaea, size of insects captured & 39 n.7, 68 &n.2, 402–3 & 403 n.3; sales stag- by, 183 n.2, 208 n.2; Drosera,effect of acids, 369 nate, 408, 409; savages weep copiously for slight n.4; Drosera,effect of belladonna, 263 n.3; Drosera, causes, 9 n.22, 145 & 146 n.8; scratching the head effect of benzoic acid, 424 n.5; Drosera,effect of when puzzled, 105 & 108 n.8; secretion of tears, carbonate of ammonia, 466 n.1; Drosera,effect 230 &n.3; sense of taste, V. Salzmann thinks of carbonate of potash, 33 n.9; Drosera,effect of CD has underestimated importance of, 509–11 chemicals on leaves, 366 n.2; Drosera,effect of de-

Index 751

coctions of tea, green peas, cabbage and grass cited, 291 n.1; Ophrys apifera, adaptation for self- leaves, 429 n.4; Drosera,effect of glycerine, 263 fertilisation, 300 n.5; Pterostylis trullifolia, fertilisa- n.7; Drosera,effect of heat, 302 n.2; Drosera,ef- tion mechanism, 371 n.4 fect of salts, 263 n.3, 367 n.1, 369 n.2; Drosera,ex- — Orchids, French ed.; C-F. Reinwald paid J. Mur- periments with albumen, glycerine and sodium ray for electrotypes of illustrations, 409 & 410 n.8 carbonate, 289–90 nn.1 & 3; Drosera,experi- — Orchids, German ed.; sales, 582 & 583 n.35 ments with alkaloids, 263 nn.5–6; Drosera,ex- — Variation, 522 &n.5; blindness in cousins, 498 periments with boiled peas, 435 n.4; Drosera,ex- & 499 n.13;carp,difficulty of producing races, periments with bullock’s blood, 464 n.3; Drosera, 224 &n.1; J.V. Carus finds mislabelled figure of experiments with carbonate of soda, 295 n.2; duck’s vertebrae, 52–3 & 53 n.1;G.A.Chatin Drosera, experiments with carbonate of soda fol- cited on bulbiferous Ranunculus, 212 &n.4; colour lowed by hydrochloric acid, 355 n.3; Drosera,ex- of plants, affected by soil type and climate, 103 periments with chlorophyll, 436 n.5, 440 n.2, n.4; German term for children born circum- 529 n.4; Drosera, experiments with haematin, 441 cised, 59 &n.4; F.B. Goodacre proposes museum n.3; Drosera, experiments with heat, 302 n.5; of domestic animals, 65–6; inheritance limited Drosera, experiments with hydriodic acid, 395 & by sex, 322 &n.2; inheritance with reversion, 59 n.2; Drosera, experiments with raw meat, 336 n.2; intercrossing occurs in nature and is benefi- n.9; Drosera, experiments with sodium carbonate, cial, 391–2 & 394 n.5;offspring of two jonquil ca- 302 n.5; Drosera, E. Frankland tests for acid, 447 naries would be dark, 160 &n.4; orange–lemon n.2; Drosera rotundifolia, digestive system, 263 n.8, cross, 133 & 134 n.3; pangenesis hypothesis, 2 464 n.4, 475 n.5; Drosophyllum lusitanicum, 57 n.4, n.2, 242 n.2; progeny of garden apples, 425 & 446 n.9; Drosophyllum may be primordial form of 426 n.3; reversion, 401 & 402 n.4; reversion in Dionaea and Drosera, 57 n.4; C. Gerhardt cited, domestic apples, 420; role of external conditions 435–6 n.4; A.W. Hofmann supplied uncontam- and selection in causing modifications of body inated gelatine, 514 n.5; S.W. Moore prepared or mind, 34; speed of racehorses, 84–5 & 85 n.4; substances for experiments, 435 n.3, 436 n.5, 441 C.K. Sprengel failed to fully perceive that cross- n.3; Nepenthes, 459 n.1; Nepenthes, J.D. Hooker’s fertilisation was the final end of the structure of experiments, 468 n.3, 485 & 486 n.2; Neptunia, flowers, 204 & 205 n.4; tumbling pigeons, 153 & 460 n.3; presentation, E. Haeckel, 406 &n.6; 155 n.6, 154 & 155 n.8 presentation, F. Müller, 407 &n.5; published — Variation, 2d ed.; duck’s vertebrae, labels on fig- 1875, 122 n.3, 406 n.6, 407 n.5, 325 n.4; Sarrace- ure corrected, 53 n.1; F. Hildebrand cited on cul- nia, 470 n.7; M. Treat cited, 305 n.7, 325 n.2;H. tivated cereals, 229 n.5; F. Hildebrand’s experi- Watts, Dictionary of chemistry cited, 367 n.1, 435 n.4 ments on Oxalis rosea, 229 n.6.; inherited eye con- — Living Cirripedia; Acasta, remarkably long penis, dition reported by W.S. Wade, 465 n.2; J. Paget 392 & 394 n.8; Anelasma squalicola, 247 & 249 n.13; cited, 59 n.3 CD spent nine years preparing, 234 & 235 n.11; — Variation, German ed.; E. Koch sends CD 2d ed., Ibla cumingi lives attached to Pollicipes, 394 n.8; 548 &n.2;sales,582 & 583 n.35 Scalpellum regium, 390 & 394 n.3 — ‘An account of the fine dust which often falls on — Movement in plants; Acacia farnesiana, 468 n.4, 469 vessels in the Atlantic ocean’, 459 n.3, 575 n.3 n.1; Acacia retinoides, 494 n.10; Cassia floribundum, — ‘Cross-fertilising papilionaceous flowers’; Lath- 536 n.3; Cassia,effect of water on leaflets, 535 yrus odoratus, 199 n.3 n.3; Desmodium, 446 nn.8 & 10, 463 nn.2–3, 464 — ‘Fertilisation of Leschenaultia’, 223 n.5 n.5, 468 n.5, 475 n.8; Eucalyptus resinifera, 469 n.1; — ‘Observations on Sagitta’, 225 n.6 J.D. Hooker thanked for plants, 469 n.1; Lath- reading:A.Bain,Review of ‘Darwin on expression’, yrus nissolia, 474 n.9, 520 n.4; Mimosa, 439 n.1, 444 &n.1; G. Bentham, classification of Com- 468 n.4, 472 n.6, 520 n.1; Neptunia oleracea, 456 positae, 264 n.7; G. Bentham, Linnean Society n.4, 464 n.3, 494 n.6; Oxalis sensitiva, 57 n.5;W.T. anniversary address, 270 & 271 nn.3 & 5;G. Thiselton-Dyer thanked, 469 n.1 Bentham, revision of the genus Cassia, 536 n.2; — Natural selection; coniferous pollen, 279 n.6 P. Bert, ‘Recherches sur les mouvements de la — Orchids; CD unable to examine any species with sensitive (Mimosa pudica, Linn.)’, 37 &n.6;C.H. an irritable labellum, 269 & 270 n.2;J.Murray’s Blackley, Experimental researches on causes of hay- statement of sales, 407–9 & 409 n.3 fever, 253 n.2, 278 & 278–9 nn.2 & 7; L. Blome- — Orchids, 2d ed.; Cypripedium, adopts H. Müller’s field, ‘Local biology’, 177 &n.3;W.M.Canby, account of fertilisation, 371 n.3.; J.T. Moggridge ‘Notes on Dionaea muscipula Ellis’, 61 n.3;

752 Index

Darwin, Charles Robert, cont. ogy, 242 n.3; W.W. Reade, African sketch-book, 215 A. de Candolle, Histoire des sciences, 25 & 26 n.9, 27 n.9, 362 &n.3; C.V. Riley, reports on noxious & 28 n.9; W.B. Carpenter, ‘Hereditary transmis- and beneficial insects of Missouri, 252 n.6, 278 & sion of acquired psychical habits’, 181 & 182 n.2; 279 n.9;J.Sachs,Lehrbuch der Botanik, 3d ed., 32 W. B . C a r p e n t e r, Principles of physiology, 421 n.3; & 33 n.7, 37 & nn.5–6; G. de Saporta, Tertiary T.F. Cheeseman, New Zealand Pterostylis, 371 & flora in gypsum beds near Aix, 57 &n.8, 97 n.10; n.2; F.J. Cohn, Die Entwicklung der Naturwissenschaft M. Schiff, Physiologie de la digestion, 424 n.8;D.A. in den letzten fünfundzwanzig Jahren, 97 n.8; Contem- Spalding, instinct in young animals, 69 & 71 n.3, porary Review, 53 &n.3; E.D. Cope, ‘On the ori- 73 & 74 n.5, 119 & 120 n.2; E.G. Steudel, Nomen- gin of genera’, 103 n.3; I. Dell’Oro, ‘Sericulture’, clator botanicus, 73 & 74 n.2, 462 & 463 nn.3–4,; 199–200 & 200 n.1; F. Delpino, relation of ants H. Watts, Dictionary of chemistry, 367 n.1;J.J.Weir, to Tettigometridae, 181 n.3, 562 n.3; Edinburgh presidential address, West Kent Natural History Review,reviewofExpression [T.S. Baynes], 193 & Society, 227 & 228 n.2; West Riding Lunatic Asylum n.1, 195 &n.6; H. Edwards, ‘Honey-making ants Medical Reports, 368 & nn.2–3 of Texas and New Mexico, 294 &n.2; J. Fiske, scientific views: children born circumcised may ‘Agassiz and Darwinism’, 484 & 485 n.5;W.H. demonstrate inheritance with reversion, 58–9 Flower, ‘Palaeontological evidence for modifica- & 59 nn.2–3; in Cirripedia, fertilisation of two tion of animal forms’, 273 n.1; Fortnightly Review, hermaphrodites is possible, 392 & 394 n.7; dif- 53 &n.3; F. Galton, ‘Hereditary improvement’, ficult to distinguish influence of external condi- 24–5 & 25–6 nn.2–9, 27 &n.4; E.H. Giglioli, tions and natural selection, 34–5 & 35 nn.1–3; chimpanzee craniology, 65 n.2; A. Gray, pres- doctrine of pangenesis will finally prevail, 241; idential address, American Association for the domestic apples, reversion to crab state is ex- Advancement of Science, 122 &n.6; J.E. Gray, ceptional, 420; embedded caudal vertebrae of ‘On the guëmul’, 64 &n.3;W.R.Greg,Enigmas Macacus inornatus analogous to human coccyx, of life, 25 & 26 n.11, 27 &n.5;E.Haeckel,Die 134 n.2; F. Galton’s proposed register of supe- Kalkschwämme, 50 &n.1; E. Haeckel, progress and rior and inferior persons is impractical, 24–5, purpose of zoology, Revue scientifique de la France 27; general law that organisms occasionally in- et de l’étranger, 87 n.5, 560 n.5; T.W. Higginson, tercross, to their benefit, 391; homing instincts Life with a black regiment, 95 &n.2; T.W. Higgin- of animals, 123–4 & 124 nn.2 & 4; inherited in- son, ‘Progress and perils of free thought’, 95 & stinct, 69–70 & 71 nn.4–5, 151–5 & 155 nn.2–10; 96 n.5; F. Hildebrand, Die Verbreitungsmittel der neither mother’s temporary injury nor emotion Pflanzen, 506 n.2; T.H. Huxley, Critiques and ad- can affect offspring, 49 &n.5; pangenesis may dresses, 192 n.6, 194 & 195 n.5;A.Kernervan explain inherited characteristics, 49 &n.5;rar- Marilaun, ‘Die Schutzmittel des Pollens’, 264 & ity is a precursor of extinction, 471 & 472 n.13; n.6, 475 & 476 n.3; A.O. Kovalevsky, paper on as- reflex actions analogous to instincts, 152 & 155 cidians, 225 n.6;V.O.Kovalevsky,Anthracotherium, n.4; role of elasticity in movement of plants, 37 362 n.2, 568 n.2; V.O. Kovalevsky, ‘Osteology &n.7; since men are descended from lower ani- of the Hyopotamidae’, 224 & 225 n.2;J.G.von mals, their cries are origin of language, 276;un- Kurr, Untersuchungen über die Bedeutung der Nektarien able to accept J. Paget’s views on growth of bod- in den Blumen, 218 n.3, 252 n.7;J.Lindley,Vegetable ily organs through excretion, 241 & 242 n.3 kingdom, 3d ed., 73 & 74 n.2;B.T.Lowne,Philoso- scientific work: absorption by plants’ glandular phy of evolution, 241–2 & 242 n.1; C. Lyell, Antiquity hairs, 26–7 & 27 n.2, 27 & 28 n.8, 30 & 31 nn.22– of Man, 4th ed., 218–19 & 219 n.2;O.C.Marsh, 6, 57 &n.7, 440 &n.4, 471 & 472 n.9; Acacia and fossil finds in America, 54–5 & 55 nn.1–2;F.Max Eucalyptus, J.D. Hooker identifies species, 479, Müller, ‘Lectures on Mr. Darwin’s philosophy of 480–1 & 481 nn.2 & 12–13, 486; Acacia, bloom language’, 272 n.1; J.T.Moggridge, Harvesting ants of leaves and fruit, 470 & 471 n.3; Acacia,struc- and trap-door spiders, 57 & 58 n.9; J.I. Molina, Sag- ture and movement of leaves, 468 &n.4, 469 & gio sulla storia naturale del Chili, 64 n.2;J.Morley, n.1, 470–1 & 471 n.2, 479 & 481 n.3, 485 & 486 Life of Voltaire, 461 & 462 n.8; E.S. Morse, Bra- n.5, 493 & 494 n.10; angle of flowerheads, 475 & chiopoda, 383 & nn.1–4; H. Müller, Befruchtung 476 n.2; butterflies, attraction to bright colours, der Blumen durch Insekten, 98 n.1, 194 &n.1, 198 & 48 n.4, 48–9 & 49 n.4, 558 n.4; butterflies, sex- 199 n.5, 223 n.3, 239 &n.2, 204 & 205 n.1, 205 ual differences in ocelli, 135–6 & 136 n.1, 137 n.1; J.P. Owen [S. Butler], The fair haven, 148 & &n.1, 140 & 141 n.2; Cassia,effect of water on 149 nn.2 & 5; J. Paget, Lectures on surgical pathol- leaflets, 534, 536; Cassia, sleep movements, 534 &

Index 753

535 n.1; Cirripedia, spent nine years preparing 466 n.1, 485 & 486 n.3; Drosera, experiments with works on, 234 & 235 n.11; Cistus, irritability of carbonate of soda followed by hydrochloric acid, stamens, 445; Climbing plants, 2d ed., 121 n.3, 313 354 & 355 n.3; Drosera, experiments with carbon- & 314 n.4, 403 &n.5, 581 & 582 n.1; collection of ate of soda, 354 & 355 n.3; Drosera, experiments nectar from undersides of leaves, 316 & nn.3–4; with chloride of gold, 396 & 397 n.7, 397; Drosera, Coral reefs, too busy to correct proofs of reprint, experiments with chlorophyll, 440 & 441 n.2, 529 543 &n.5; Corydalis, self sterility, 275 & 276 n.5; &n.4; Drosera, experiments with chondrin, 529 cross- and self fertilisation, 73 & 73–4 nn.1–2, & nn.2–4; Drosera, experiments with colchicine, 122 &n.3, 217 &n.1, 221 & 223 n.5, 223, 259, curare and veratrine, 262–3 & 263 n.6; Drosera, 264, 401–2 & 402 n.7, 581 & 582 n.2; Descent, 2d experiments with decoctions of tea, green peas, ed. (‘an awful job’), xxi, 515 n.4, 543 n.5, 535 & cabbage and grass leaves, 429 n.4; Drosera,ex- 535–6 n.5, 547 & 548 n.5, 581 & 583 n.3; Descent, periments with gelatine, 289, 301 & 302 n.2, 529 2d ed., work to be delegated, xxi–xxii, 508–9 & nn.2–4; Drosera, experiments with glycerine, & 509 nn.1–5; Desmodium, movement of leaves, 263 &n.7, 268; Drosera, experiments with heat, 445 & 446 nn.8 & 10, 455 & 456 n.2, 462 & 463 301–2 & 302 n.5, 326 &n.6; Drosera,experi- nn.2–4, 463 &n.1, 464 &n.5, 467 n.2, 470 & 472 ments with hydriodic acid, 395 &n.2; Drosera, n.4, 474 & 475 n.8, 493, 548 & 549 n.2; Dionaea, experiments with hydrochloric acid and albu- effect of changes of temperature, 456 & 456–7 men, 370; Drosera, experiments with phosphate nn.2–3; Dionaea, size of insects captured, 182 & of ammonia, 302 &n.6, 379 &n.5; Drosera,ex- 183 n.2, 208 & nn.1–2; Drosera ‘a never-ending periments with poisons, 262 & 263 n.5, 267–8; job’, 315 &n.5; Drosera, absorption by glandu- Drosera, experiments with raw meat, 335 & 336 lar hairs, 57 &n.7, 471 & 472 n.9; Drosera,acid n.9, 379, 486; Drosera, experiments with sodium secreted by, 395–6 & 396–7 nn.1–8, 439–40 & and potassium, 262 & 263 n.2; Drosera,experi- 440 n.2; Drosera, asks J.S. Burdon Sanderson to ments with sodium carbonate, 302 &n.5; Drosera, comment on results, 261–2 & 262 n.1, 262–3 & experiments with syntonin, legumin and chloro- 263 nn.2–8; Drosera, awaits new plants, 122 & phyll, 435–6 nn.3–6; Drosera, E. Frankland assists n.3; Drosera, could spend his life researching, 315 in attempts to identify acid secreted by, 289 & &n.5; Drosera, digestive processes, 263 &n.8, 289–90 nn.1–4, 395–6 & 396–7 nn.1–8, 397 & 267, 289, 294–5 & 295 n.1, 295 &n.2, 296 &n.2, 398 nn.2–3, 422 & 423 nn.1–2; Drosera,mayhave 297 &n.2, 301, 326, 378, 382, 384 &n.2, 385, found nerves of, 19–20 & 20 n.5; Drosera,physio- 439–40 & 440 n.2, 422 & 423 nn.1–2, 449–50 & logical properties, 313 & 314 n.4; Drosera, resumes 450 nn.1–3, 452–3 & 453 n.1, 455 &n.2, 485 & work on, 122 &n.3, 273, 274; Drosera,sizeofin- 486 n.2; Drosera, discovers digestive system, 325 sects captured by, 303–4 & 305 n.3, 325 &n.1; &n.3, 330 n.4, 354 & 355 n.3, 378, 382, 384 & Drosera, tests with litmus paper, 450 &n.3, 452–3 n.2, 385, 464 &n.4, 473 & 475 n.5; Drosera,effects & 453 n.1, 455 &n.2; Drosera, transmission of of poisonous plants, 147 &n.2, 147–8; Drosera, motor impulse, 426–7 & 427 n.3; Drosophyllum, experiments take precedence over J.D. Hooker’s finds to be a primordial form that may have work on Nepenthes, 479 & 481 nn.7 & 9; Drosera, given birth to Drosera and Dionaea, 56–7 & 57 experiments with albumen, 289, 301 & 302 n.2, n.4; Drosophyllum, glands capable of both secre- 529 & nn.2–4; Drosera, experiments with alkalis, tion and absorption but differ from Drosera and 366 & 367 n.1; Drosera, experiments with alka- Dionaea, 468 &n.2, 471 & 472 n.9; Drosophyllum, loids, 262 & 263 n.6; Drosera, experiments with obtains plant from Dublin through J.D. Hooker, animal substances, 380 & 381 nn.3 & 5, 397 n.6, 27 &n.3, 28, 32, 35–6, 37, 38 &n.2, 50 &n.1, 380 & 381 n.6, 381 &n.3, 384 &n.2, 396 & 397 56 & 57 n.2; Drosophyllum, plans new experiments n.5, 398 &n.1, 422 & 423 n.4, 429 &n.2, 435 and seeks to borrow plant from Kew, 471 & 472 &n.3, 514 &n.3, 453 & nn.2–5, 529 & nn.3–4; n.8; earthworms, asks G. Krefft for observations Drosera, experiments with atropine, 302 &n.4; in Australia, 74 & 75 n.6, 76, 290;earthworms, Drosera, experiments with belladonna, 262 & 263 information from G. King, 76 & 77 n.1, 279 & n.3, 302 &n.4; Drosera, experiments with benzoic 280 n.2;effect of water on leaves, 321 &n.3, acid, 424 &n.5; Drosera, experiments with bul- 322, 324, 328, 331 & 332 n.6, 332 & 333 n.4, lock’s blood, 463 & 464 n.3; Drosera, experiments 419 &n.6, 520 &n.2, 547 & 548 n.6, 548 & with cabbage leaves, 301; Drosera, experiments 549 nn.2–3;effect of water on leaves, angle of with carbolic acid, 263; Drosera, experiments with leaves a protection against water damage, 449 & carbonate of ammonia, 26–7 & 27 n.2, 289 &n.3, n.2, 450–1 & 451 nn.1–3, 451–2 & 452 n.2, 470 &

754 Index

Darwin, Charles Robert, cont. tivorous plants, 367 n.1, 403 &n.5, 543 n.5, 581 & 472 n.6;effects of watering during sunshine, 582 n.1 338 & nn.1–2; Eschscholzia, cross- and self- support for theories: A. Agassiz, 89 &n.4;G. fertilisation, 229, 472 n.14; Eucalyptus, 485 & 486 Bentham, 264 &n.7, 270 & 271 nn.3–5;A.de n.5, 493 &n.3, 520 &n.3; Eucalyptus, bloom Candolle, 89 &n.4, 96 & 97 n.9; J.V.Carus, 210 of leaves and fruit, 470 & 471 n.3; Eucalyptus, & 211 n.4;O.Caspari,122–3, 561; E. de Cla- whether dichogamous, 360 & 361 n.13, 363, 488 parède, 96 & 97 n.9; C.F. Claus, 89 &n.4, 96 & n.2;evileffects of interbreeding, 202 &n.1, 202 & 97 n.7; F.J. Cohn, 89 &n.4, 96 & 97 n.8;E.D. n.2, 209 n.2, 313 & 314 n.4, 225 n.8, 228 n.6, 581 Cope, 89 &n.4;V.Czerny,75 &n.1;V.Dab- & 582 n.2; fertilisation of papilionaceous flow- ney, 454;L.Dapsy,240 & 241 nn.4–5; F. Delpino, ers, 198 & 199 n.3, 321 &n.2; fertilisation, ex- 180–1, 562;A.Dohrn,241 &n.3; J. Downing, periments on quantity of pollen, 289 n.1; fertility 457, 466; C.G. Ehrenberg, 551 &n.2;J.Farr,281 of plants, 225 &n.8; formic acid, effect on frog &n.2;L.Felméri,21–2; J. Fiske, 472–3 & 473 nn.2 spawn, 172 & 173 n.3, 176; formic acid, effect on & 5; C. Gegenbaur, 89 &n.4, 96 & 97 n.12;T.N. germination of seeds, 82 & 83 n.2, 119 & 120 n.1, Gill, 377 &n.4; F.B. Goodacre, 65–6; A. Gray, 176, 178 &n.3, 299; Helianthemum, irritability of 96;E.Haeckel,86, 89 &n.4, 96 &n.6, 443, stamens, 445; homing instinct, 154–5 & 155 n.10; 559, 574;G.Hookham,207 n.3;V.O.Kovalevsky, humble-bees, routes of, 227 & 228 n.4; insectiv- 361–2 & 362 n.2, 568 &n.2;G.Krefft, 291–2 & orous plants, xv-xvi, 313 & 314 n.4, 515 &n.4; 294 n.4, 293, 317 & 319 n.1;B.T.Lowne,241–2 & insectivorous plants, digestion of gelatine, chon- 242 n.2; E. Meitzen, 45–6 & 46 n.1;A.Michelet, drin and chlorophyll, 527 &n.1, 529 & nn.2–5; 118–19, 560; S.W. Moore, 434–5;E.S.Morse,377 insectivorous plants, does not want to interrupt &n.4;A.Moschkau,495, 542, 575–6, 580;H. work on to revise Descent, 508 & 509 n.2; insec- Müller, 220–1; Polish positivists, 214 &n.5, 564 & tivorous plants, glands both secrete and absorb, n.5; A. de Quatrefages, 282 &n.2; W.W. Reade, 471 & 472 n.9; insectivorous plants, resumes ex- 269 &n.1; H. Reeks, 104–7 & 107 n.1; C.V.Riley, periments, 20 n.3; intercrossing, benefits of, 391– 89 &n.4;J.Sachs,89 &n.4; G. de Saporta, 89 2 & 394 nn.5–6; Ipomoea purpurea,effect of self- &n.4, 96 & 97 n.10;M.J.Schultze,89 &n.4;R. fertilisation on fertility, 471 & 472 n.14; Lathyrus Smith, 88–9 & 89 n.2;R.Strachey,36 &n.7, 37 nissolia, 463 & 463–4 n.2, 464 & 465 n.7, 471 & &n.3; Utrecht students, xxv, 129–30 & 130 n.3 472 n.11, 469 & 470 n.8, 485 & 486 n.5, 488, trips and visits: London (March–April), xxi, 111 520 &n.4; Leguminoseae, spontaneous move- & 112 n.4, 119 & 120 n.1, 122 &n.4, 129 &n.2, ment, 485; Mahonia, experiments with, 341 n.3; 130 & 131 n.3, 132, 136 & 137 n.2, 137, 140 & 141 microscopes, 266 & 266–7 nn.2–9, 267 &n.2, 445 n.1, 143 &n.1, 144, 148, 149, 158 &n.2, 161 & & 445–6 nn.2–7, 448 & 448–9 nn.4–5; Mimosa, n.3, 164 n.3, 164 & 165 n.3, 165 & nn.3 & 6, 167, movement, 335 & 336 n.10, 340 & 341 n.2, 384– 168, 169, 171, 182 n.4, 215 & nn.3 & 7, 253 &n.2; 5 & 385 n.3, 439 n.1, 457, 490 & 491 n.2, 492, Isle of Wight (1868), 124 &n.3;London(March 493 & 494 n.4, 519–20 & nn.1–2; movement in 1873), 82–3 & 83 n.3, 582 & 583 n.8; Abinger plants, 457, 464 &n.3; Nepenthes, chemical com- Hall (T.H. and K.E. Farrer), 313 &n.2, 315 & position of fluid, 460 n.2; Neptunia oleracea, seeks n.2, 315 & 316 n.5, 321 &n.4, 322 &n.3, 323 & plant, 455 & 456 n.4, 457, 493 & 494 n.6;notes n.5, 331 & 332 n.7, 582 & 583 n.25; Freshwater, on microscopy, 448 & 449 n.7; orders chemicals Isle of Wight (1868), 335 &n.5s; Leith Hill Place, for experiments, 366 &n.2, 367 &n.2, 369 & Surrey ( J. and C.S. Wedgwood), 245 &n.4, 249, nn.2–5, 394–5 & 395 n.2, 398 &n.2, 439 n.2, 250, 582 & 583 n.21;London(November),471 440 n.3; Oxalis sensitiva, movement of leaves, 57 & 472 n.10, 484 &n.4, 490 & 491 n.1, 493 & 494 &n.5, 333 &n.7, 339 &n.2; phyllotaxy, 21 &n.2; n.5, 494 & nn.1–2, 494–5 & 495 n.3, 503 & nn.1 & physiology of plants, 406, 407; Queries on ex- 4, 503, 506, 582 & 583 n.31; Southampton (W.E. pression, L. Felméri replies to, 22 &n.3; Queries Darwin), 313 &n.2, 315 &n.2, 320 & 321 n.3, 321, on expression, R. Swinhoe sends further obser- 328 &n.1, 329, 334, 337, 340 & 341 n.1, 582 & 583 vations, 138–9 & 139 nn.1–10; Queries on expres- n.25; Torquay (1861), 131 &n.2 sion, J.P.M.Weale replies to, 18–19 & 19 nn.3 & 7; Darwin, Elizabeth, 158 &n.5, 583 n.28;V.O.Ko- Robinia pseudacacia,effect of water on leaves, 548 valevsky sends regards to, 220 & 549 n.3; Utricularia, 491 &n.3; vegetable phys- Darwin, Emma: H. Airy sends compliments to, 21; iology, 227 & 228 n.6; Viola, 289 n.5; wind-blown S. Butler sends regards to, 173; CD very unwell, pollen, 278 & 279 nn.6–7, 280 &n.4;writesInsec- with memory loss, 355 n.3, 356 n.2, 363 n.2, 364

Index 755

n.3; J. Chapman sends respects to, 298; F.S.B.F. consults on purchase of immersion lens, 475 n.7; de Chaumont sends regards to, 59;M.D.Con- CD pays £5 for loan of his microscope, 267 & way inquires after, 372; A.J. Cupples sends re- n.2; CD seeks book on affinity of salts to alkalis, gards to, 197, 243 & 244 n.12;E.A.Darwinin- 366 & 367 n.1;CDwouldpay£200 p.a. as sec- forms of death of M.E. Lyell, 184 &n.3;F.Dar- retary with allowance of £500, 390; Desmodium, win stays at Pantlludw, 424 n.1; F. Darwin’s pro- examines at Kew, 462 & 463 n.1, 463 &n.1, 464 posal to become CD’s secretary, 389;G.H.Dar- & 465 n.6, 467 & nn.2–8, 468 &n.5, 469 & 470 win consults A. Clark, 428 n.2; G.H. Darwin, en- n.9, 474 & 475 n.10, 479 & 481 n.6;DownLodge, courages CD to ask to revise Descent, 515;G.H. lease on, xvii, 426 & nn.1–2, 438 & 439 n.9, 526 Darwin forced to give up plans to practise as a n.4; Drosera, assists CD in trying to identify pres- barrister, 364 n.5; G.H. Darwin returns home ence of albumin, 147 &n.2, 147–8; Drosera,car- from France, 158 nn.2–3; Darwins go back to ries out experiments feeding plants bread and taking The Times instead of the Daily News, 582 meat, 330 &n.4, 335 & 336 n.9; Drosera,ob- & 583 n.23; diary, 34 nn.3–4, 98 nn.1 & 3–4, 165 serves J.S. Burdon Sanderson’s electrical exper- nn.3 & 6, 168 n.1, 169 n.1, 187 n.9, 274 n.3, 279 iments, 423–4 & 424 n.4, 426; Drosophyllum,asks n.5, 302 n.2, 311 n.3, 315 n.3, 349 n.7, 355 n.3, 356 J.D. Hooker to conduct experiments for CD, 445 n.2, 365 n.4, 377 n.5, 583 nn.4, 6, 8–10, 12–13, & 446 n.9, 470 n.5; edited 2d edition of Expression, 16–20, 24, 26–7, 30 & 33; A. Dohrn sends regards 45 n.1, 61 n.1, 108 n.18, 120 n.2; engaged to Amy to, 56, 247; Down Lodge, F. Darwin will be able Ruck, 389 & 390 n.1, 403 &n.3, 428 n.5; estimate to rent, xvii, 390 n.4, 426 n.1; W.D. Fox inquires of CD’s character, 234 & 235 n.9; Hartnack mi- after, 342; T.W. Higginson sends regards to, 145; croscope, 267 &n.2, 445 & 445–6 nn.2–7, 448 & insists on spending a month in London, 82–3 & n.4; helps CD obtain substances for experiments 83 n.3; V.O. Kovalevsky sends regards to, 220; on Drosera, 384 &n.2; J.D. Hooker invites to ac- luxurious journey from Southampton to Orping- company CD to Kew, 492 &n.2; J.D. Hooker ton, 341 n.1; K.M. Lyell suggests subscription for invites to Royal Society dinner, 521 &n.9;E.E. T.H. Huxley, 161 n.2; Naples Zoological Station, Klein, studies histology with and seeks advice on encourages CD to increase his subscription, 507 scientific equipment, 1 & 2 n.1, 266 & nn.2–3, 370 &n.3; reading room at Down school, dispute n.6; Lathyrus, finds in Wales and examines nectar with G.S. Ffinden, xxiii, 517 & nn.1–3, 523–4 & holes, xvii, 329–30 & 330 n.2, 334, 348 & nn.2– 524 n.2, 526 n.1, 549 & nn.1–2;readsT.W.Hig- 4; lives with E.A. Darwin in London, 370 &n.6, ginson’s Life with a black regiment to CD, 95; sub- 403 n.4, 423 & 424 n.3; plans to give up medicine scription to assist T.H. Huxley, 590;suffers from and become CD’s secretary, xv, 385 & 386 n.8, influenza, 98 & 99 n.5, 111; translates Italian for 389–90 & 390 n.1, 403 &n.2; prepares artificial CD, 64; trip to London, 131 n.3, 137 n.2;J.Tyn- gastric juice for CD’s experiments, 429 n.3;reads dall sends regards to, 182 A. Bain’s Review of ‘Darwin on expression’, 444 n.1; Darwin, Erasmus Alvey, 428 &n.5; CD consults on sets up worm garden with A. Ruck, xvii, 330, 336 F. Darwin’s plans to abandon medicine, 389–90 nn.8 & 11; stays with Rucks at Pantlludw, Wales, & 390 n.1, 403 &n.2; F.Darwin lives with in Lon- 423 & 424 n.1, 428 &n.5; studies medicine at St don, 370 &n.6, 403 n.4, 423 & 424 n.3; impressed George’s Hospital, 266, 336 n.9, 380 n.2, 384 & with G.H. Darwin’s article on beneficial restric- n.4, 389 & 390 n.2, 403 &n.4;triptoUS,metJ. tions to liberty of marriage, 314 & nn.2–3;stays Fiske, 472 & 473 n.1; trip to US, met H.A. Head, with T.H. and K.E. Farrer, 403 &n.4; subscribes 94 & 95 n.7; trip to US, met T.W. Higginson, 145 to assist T.H. Huxley, 168 &n.5, 168 & 169 n.4, & 146 n.6; trip to US, visited J.D. Hague in San 189 n.4, 591; sudden death of M.E. Lyell, 184 & Francisco, 91 &n.3, 158 & 159 n.4 n.3; unwell, 448 & 449 n.6 Darwin, George Howard, 2 &n.2, 13 n.7, 98 & Darwin, Francis, 134 n.1; advises CD on dosage of n.2; attends séance, 517–18 & 518–19 nn.2–8; Fowler’s Solution, 98 &n.3; advises CD on use ‘Beneficial restrictions to liberty of marriage’, of scientific equipment, 1–2 & 2 n.1; assists CD Contemporary Review, 314 & nn.2–3, 356 & 357 n.2; in ordering chemicals, 369 n.5; assists J.S. Bur- ‘Commodities versus labour’, Contemporary Review, don Sanderson with experiments on Dionaea, 380 449 &n.3; corrects concentration of chemical so- &n.2; assists CD with experiments by exposing lution used by CD in experiments, 281–2 & 282 frog spawn to formic acid, 172 & 173 nn.2–3, 176, n.1; CD advises to return home from Cannes for 178 &n.3; CD asks to observe whether stamens his health, 111 &112 n.2, 157–8 & 158 nn.2–3;CD of Helianthemum or Cistus are irritable, 445;CD asks optimum angle for a leaf to let vertical rain

756 Index

Darwin, George Howard, cont. suring angles, 451 &n.4; G.H. Darwin meets at rebound, 449 &n.2, 450–1 & 451 nn.1–3, 451–2 Greenwich, 433 &n.4; joins expedition to ob- & 452 n.2; CD cautions against publication of ar- serve transit of Venus, 414 & 415 n.12, 433 n.4; ticle on religion and the moral sense, xxii, 460–1 in Royal Engineers, 492 & 493 n.6; visits J.D. & 462 nn.2–6, 465; Descent, assists with prepara- Hooker, 464 & 465 n.6 tion of 2d ed., xxii, 514–15 & 515 n.5, 515 &n.3, Darwin, Robert Waring: believed in possibility of 516, 519 &n.2, 523 &n.2; design for portable spontaneous recovery for cases like CD’s, 111 globe, 354 n.3, 400 & 401 n.19, 539 & 540 n.5, & 112 n.5; character and fortune, 235 &n.12; 540 & 541 n.4; ‘Development in dress’, Macmil- A. Mostyn-Owen hangs CD’s portrait alongside lan’s Magazine, 112 &n.6; drafted CD’s answers his, 236 & 237 n.2 to questions about himself, 234 & 235 n.3; H.F.H. Darwin, Susannah: died when CD was eight, 234 Elliot’s comments on Expression, 120 & 120–1 n.2; & 235 n.2 Examiner, plans to write occasional articles for, Darwin, William Erasmus: CD and E. Darwin 438 & 439 n.8; health, xxii, 81 &n.12, 158, 364 visit, 313 &n.2, 315 &n.2, 320 & 321 n.3, 321, 328 &n.5, 428 &n.3, 507, 516 &n.2, 465 & 466 n.2; &n.1, 340 & 341 n.1. 582 & 583 n.25; estimates health, consults A. Clark, xxii, 427–8 & 428 n.2, that each of CD’s sons would have £30,000, 389; 438 &n.4; health, consults P. Frank about stom- experiments with Mimosa for CD, 340 & 341 n.2, ach problems, 111 & 112 n.3; health, recuperates 349–50, 358; observed Lathyrus on Isle of Wight from illness in Cannes, 53 &n.1, 112 n.3, 111 &112 with CD, 335 &n.5, 337 & 338 n.2; visited Naples n.2, 157–8 & 158 nn.2–3, 248 n.4; health, too Zoological Station, 246 & 248 n.4 poor for mathematics so occupies himself with Datura stramonium, 454 & 455 n.4; alkaloid poisons, small articles, xxii, 465 & 466 n.2; health, ill- 147 &n.2 health forces to give up the bar, 364 &n.5, 428 Davidson, Thomas: CD thanks for catalogue of &n.3; law of distribution and natural selection, Cretaceous fossils and regrets he cannot visit 404–5 & 405 n.2; A. Mostyn Owen has heard of Brighton, 164 &n.1 success in Cambridge tripos, 237 &n.7; Naples Dawkins, William Boyd: CD testifies to fitness for Zoological Station, CD plans appeal to scientific Woodwardian chair of geology, 63–4 & 64 n.1, community, 503–4 & 504 nn.2–6; Nature,clarifi- 125 n.2; tells H.H. Howorth that CD is an in- cation of CD’s letter on rudimentary organs, 433 valid, 552 & 553 n.5 &n.2, 434 &n.2, 436–7 & 437 n.4, 437; Nature, Dean & Son: Dogs: their points, whims, instincts and note on humans’ tendency to walk in a circle to peculiarities, 70 & 71 n.8 the left when lost, 205 & 206 n.4; returns to Trin- De la Rue, Warren: Liebig memorial appeal, 227 & ity College, Cambridge, 414 & 415 n.12, 428 n.4, n.4 433 &n.3, 434 &n.4, 437–8 & 438 n.2, 507 & Delano, Columbus, 327 & 327–8 n.2 n.2; asks J. Tyndall to call on CD, 164 & 165 n.2; Dell’Oro, Isidoro: CD thanks for article on silk- trip to US, met J. Fiske, 472 & 473 n.1;tripto worm cultivation, 199–200 & 200 nn.1–2 US, met H.A. Head, 94 & 95 n.7;triptoUS, Delpino, Federico: admires H. Müller’s Befruchtung met T.W. Higginson, 145 & 146 n.6;triptoUS, der Blumen with reservations about methodology, visited J.D. Hague in California, 91 &n.3, 158 & 213 &n.3, 259 & 260 n.9, 264, 565–6 & 566 n.9; 159 n.4 anemophilous plants, 278 & 279 n.3;G.Bentham Darwin, Henrietta Emma. See Litchfield, Henrietta criticises classification of Artemisiaceae, 258–9 & Emma 260 n.8, 565 & 566 n.8; CD admires work on Darwin, Horace, 424 n.1, 426 n.1, 524 n.1, 526 nn.1 anemophily, 264 &n.8; CD seeks information & 4;difficulty in obtaining Coral reefs prompts CD on cultivation of Lathyrus in Italy, 198 & 199 n.3; to suggest reprint, 542–3 & 543 nn.3–5;G.H. Italian experience of intercrossing in Lathyrus and Darwin finds tolerably well, 438 &n.3;joins Pisum sativum,xvi,258–9 & 259 nn.2–7, 264, 564– G.H. Darwin in Cannes, 53 &n.1, 111 & 112 n.2, 6 & 566 nn.2–7; leaves voyage of Garibaldi in Rio, 248 n.4;nicknamedJemmy,337 & 338 n.6;nick- 180–1 & 181 n.2, 198 & 199 n.1, 562 &n.2; sends named Jim, 1 & 2 n.1, 330 &n.5; sends good CD pamphlets on Tettigometridae, 181 &n.3, account of himself, 466 &n.6;takesaDionaea 198 & 199 n.2, 562 &n.3 to Cambridge for A.G. Dew-Smith to observe Desborough, Edward Brandram: supports reading effect of changes of temperature, 456 & 456–7 room at Down school, 525 & 526 n.5 nn.2–3; travels abroad for his health, xxii, 112 n.3 Desborough, Mary: supports reading room at Darwin, Leonard: CD will ask to assist in mea- Down school, 525 & 526 n.5

Index 757

Desmodium: F. Darwin examines at Kew, 459, 462 & sity, 507 &n.1 463 nn.1–4, 464 & 465 n.6, 467 & nn.2–8, 468 & Dixon, Henry Hall, 533 & 534 n.5 n.5; G. Rollisson supplies CD with plants, 455 & dodo (Raphus cucullatus): extinction, 88 &n.3 456 n.2, 470 & 472 n.4; D. gyrans (Codariocalyx mo- Doedes, Nicolaas Dirk: CD explains grounds for torius), movement of leaflets, 385 & 386 n.7, 445 believing in existence of God, xxii–xxiii, 142, 149 & 445 nn.8 & 10, 467 &n.3, 474 & 475 n.8, 479 & & 150 n.2, 159–60; CD sends photographs to, 481 n.6; D. gyrans,effect of water on leaves, 548 134; sends CD photograph of himself and J.C. & 549 n.2; D. gyroides,leaflets,467 & nn.5–6 Costerus, frontispiece, 141; Utrecht students’ admi- Deutsches Archiv für die Physiologie: J.F. Meckel, editor, ration for CD, xxv, 129–30 & 130 n.3 58 &n.3 dogs: CD believes barking to be an acquired in- Devonshire, duke of. See Cavendish, William, 7th stinct, 84 & 85 n.3; grinning, 15, 255 & 257 n.5; duke of Devonshire hairless dogs of Nicaragua, 312 & 313 n.2;hom- Dew-Smith, Albert George: CD sends Dionaea to ing instinct, 83–4 & nn.2–3, 128; imitate action of observe effect of changes of temperature, 456 & swimming even when carried above water, 120 & 456–7 nn.2–3; Naples Zoological Station’s finan- 120–1 n.2; inherited antipathy to butchers, 70–1 cial difficulties, 495 & 496 n.2, 505 &n.4, 531 & & 71 nn.7–9, 72–3 & 73 n.1, 83 & 84 n.2; inherited 532 n.9, 579 &n.6 instinct, 83–4 & 84 nn.2–3; instinctive muscular Dianthus: fertilisation, 223 movements after defecation, 282–3 & 283 nn.2– Dicey, Albert Venn, 276 & 277 n.1; CD discusses 5, 284 & nn.2–3; sense of smell much stronger reticence about religion with, 465 & 466 n.4; dis- than cats’, 131–2; tail-wagging, 166 & 167 n.2; cusses J.S. Mill with R.B. Litchfield at Down, 461 tucking in of tails, 12; turning in sleep, 8 & 11 & 462 n.4 n.8; whether guided by direction of light, 237–8 Dickens, Charles, 167 n.4;masteryofstyleachieved & 238 n.1 by many revisions, 215 &n.5 Dohrn, Anton: Anelasma might be connecting link Diez, Friedrich Christian: etymology of European with Rhizocephala, 247–8 & 248–9 nn.10–16; words for toad, 2 & 6 n.6 continues research on origin of vertebrates, 55–6 Digitalis: fertilisation, 223 & 56 nn.5–6; CD thanks for review of Expression Dilke, Charles Wentworth, 108 n.13 in Academy, 241 & nn.2–3; W.E. Darwin visited Dinoceras: whether a true ungulate, 225 Naples station, 246 & 248 n.4; engaged to M. Dinocerata, 220 &n.10 von Baranowska, 505 &n.8, 531 & 532 n.13, 579 Dionaea muscipula: J.S. Burdon Sanderson discov- &n.10; espouses evolutionary account of physio- ers electrical currents in blade and footstalk, 327 logical function, 241 n.3, 246 & 248 n.6; Naples n.7, 333–4 & 334 nn.4 & 7, 354, 369–70 & 370 Zoological Station, Cambridge scientists try to nn.2 & 4, 379 &n.2, 424, 456 & 457 n.4;W.M. assist, 530–1 & 532 nn.7–9, 578–9 & 579 nn.4–6; Canby’s observations, 60–1 &61 n.2, 77 & nn.1– Naples Zoological Station, CD plans appeal to 3; W.M.Canby and A. Gray observe in Wilming- scientific community, xv, xx, 503–4 & 504 nn.2– ton, 182–3 & 183 n.1; CD examines leaves sent by 6, 504–5 & 505 nn.2–4; Naples Zoological Sta- W. M . C a n by, 208 &n.1; CD receives from Kew, tion, in need of funds, 495–6 & 496 nn.1 & 3, 37 & 38 n.9, 270 & 271 n.2; CD regards as the 499 &n.3; Naples Zoological Station, progress most wonderful plant in the world, 77; CD stud- and donations to library, 55 & 56 nn.1–4, 56 ies physiological properties, 301–2 & 302 nn.2–6, &n.7; Naples Zoological Station, progress re- 313 & 314 n.4, 485; CD’s observations published ported in Nature, 241 &n.4; Naples Zoological in Insectivorous plants, 38 n.9; F. Darwin assists J.S. Station, support of Prussian government, 246 & Burdon Sanderson with experiments, 380 &n.2, 248 n.5; Naples Zoological Station, unable to ac- 381 &n.4;effect of changes of temperature, 456 cept offer of subscription but hopes to survive, & 456–7 nn.2–3; secreting glands also absorb, 471 xx, 530–1 & 532 n.5, 535 &n.2, 578–9 & 579 n.2; & 472 n.9; size of insects captured, 182 & 183 opposes C.F.W. Ludwig’s views on morphology n.2, 208 & nn.1–2; M. Treat hopes to examine and evolution, 246 & 248 nn.6–7;reviewsExpres- in North Carolina, 304 & 305 n.8 sion in Academy, 246–7 & 248 n.2, 588 & 589 n.14; Diprotodon, 293 & 294 n.7;G.Krefft seeks to recon- visited Down (1870), 56 n.8, 247 & 249 n.12 struct, 482 & 483 n.8 Dohrn, Carl August: Naples Zoological Station, Dipsacaceae: leaf arrangement, 410 & 415 n.5, 412 financial contributions to, 535 &n.2; Naples Dipsacus. See teasel Zoological Station, would not approve of his Disraeli, Benjamin: lord rector of Glasgow Univer- son’s accepting subscription, xx, 530 & 532 n.1,

758 Index

Dohrn, Carl August, cont. n.6; CD asks J.D. Hooker to acknowledge his dis- 530, 578 covery of digestive system, 473 & 475 n.5;CD Donders, Frans Cornelis: hypermetropia as hered- could spend his life researching, 315 &n.5;CD itary, 521 & 522 nn.2 & 6; quoted in Expression, 12 may have found nerves of, 19–20 & 20 n.5;CD n.24 resumes work on, 122 &n.3; CD studies physio- Down House: A. Bonham-Carter visits, 34 n.4; logical properties, 313 & 314 n.4; CD tests with C.L. and L. Brace visited (1872), 311 & 312 n.2; litmus paper, 450 &n.3, 452–3 & 453 n.1, 455 J.S. Burdon Sanderson visits, 263 &n.9, 290 n.4, &n.2, 485; CD’s experiments carried out on D. 301 & 302 n.2, 385 & 386 n.5; M.D. Conway rotundifolia, 396 n.2; CD’s observations published visits, 34 &n.3, 57 & 58 n.10, 582 &583 n.4; in Insectivorous plants, 38 n.9; F. Darwin carries out A.V. Dicey visits, 461 & 462 n.4;A.Dohrnvis- experiments for CD, 330 &n.4, 335 & 336 n.9; ited (1870), 56 n.8, 247 & 249 n.12; J. Downing digestive processes, 263 &n.8, 267, 289, 326, 378, visits, 466, 496 & 498 n.4, 458 n.5, 582 & 583 382, 384 &n.2, 385, 485 & 486 n.2; experiments n.29; T.W. Higginson visited (1872), 145 & 146 with albumen, 289, 301 & 302 n.2, 529 & nn.2–4; nn.1 & 6; B.H.H. Hooker visits, 582 & 583 n.20; experiments with alkalis, 366 & 367 n.1;experi- F.H. Hooker visits, 179 & 180 n.1, 187 &n.9;J.D. ments with alkaloids, 262 & 263 n.6; experiments Hooker visits, 33 n.8, 179 & 180 n.1, 187 &n.9, with animal substances, 380 & 381 nn.3 & 5, 397 274 n.3, 311 n.3, 314 & 315 n.3, 328 &n.1, 332, n.6, 380 & 381 n.6, 384 &n.2, 396 & 397 n.5, 398 338 &n.3, 339 &n.1, 343 &n.2, 385 & 386 n.9, &n.1, 422 & 423 n.4, 429 &n.2, 435 &n.3, 514 399 & 400 n.4, 582 & 583 nn.20, 26 & 28;H.A. &n.3, 453 & nn.2–5, 529 & nn.3–4; experiments Huxley visits, 582 & 583 n.9; T.H. Huxley visits, with atropine, 302 &n.4; experiments with bel- 290 n.4, 290 &n.4, 468 &n.6486& 487 n.1, 582 ladonna, 262 & 263 n.3, 302 &n.4; experiments & 583 nn.6, 9, 22 & 30; J.B. and E.M. Innes visit, with bullock’s blood, 463 & 464 n.3; experiments 582 & 583 n.18; H. Jackson visits, 13 &n.7;V.O. with cabbage leaves, 301, 429 &n.5; experiments Kovalevsky visited (1872), 220 &n.7; H.E. Litch- with carbonate of ammonia, 26–7 & 27 n.2, 289 field visits, 34 n.4, 461 & 462 n.7; R.B. Litchfield &n.3, 466 n.1, 485 & 486 n.3; experiments with visits, 34 n.4, 461 & 462 n.7; J. Lubbock visits, 582 carbonate of soda followed by hydrochloric acid, & 583 n.28; N. Moore visits, 98 &n.4;C.E.and 354 & 355 n.3; experiments with chloride of gold, S.R.S. Norton visit, 245 &n.7, 383 n.9;J.Nor- 396 & 397 n.7, 397; experiments with chloro- ton visits, 34 &n.4, 57 & 58 n.10, 582 & 583 n.5; phyll, 440 & 441 n.2; experiments with chondrin, M.R. Pryor visits, 99 n.6; R. Strachey visits, 274 529 & nn.2–4; experiments with colchicine, cu- n.3, 314 & 315 n.3, 328 &n.1, 332, 338 &n.3, rare and veratrine, 262–3 & 263 n.6; experiments 339 &n.1, 343 &n.2, 386 n.9, 539 &n.1, 582 & with gelatine, 289, 301 & 302 n.2, 529 & nn.2–4; 583 n.26; J. Tyndall visits, 582 & 583 n.28; F.E.E. experiments with glycerine, 263 &n.7, 268;ex- Wedgwood visits, 34 n.4 periments with hydriodic acid, 395 &n.2;exper- Down School Board: CD advocates use of school- iments with hydrochloric acid and albumen, 370; room as winter reading room, xxiii, 544–5 & 545 experiments with phosphate of ammonia, 302 & n.1 n.6, 379 &n.5; experiments with raw meat, 335 Down, J. Langdon: describes congenital idiot with & 336 n.9, 379, 486; experiments with sodium pronounced Woolnerian tip, 543–4 & 544 nn.1– and potassium, 262 & 263 n.2; experiments with 5, 545–6 & 546 nn.2–3; racial types associated sodium carbonate, 302 &n.5; experiments with with degeneration (Mongolism), 546 &n.3 strychnine, 262 & 263 n.5; experiments with syn- Downing, John: CD’s books of use in breeding, tonin, 435 &n.3; experiments with poisons, 267– 466; results of close and in breeding, 496–8 & 8; E. Frankland tests chemical composition of di- 498–9 nn.2–3 & 5–12; visits Down, 457–8 & gestive fluid, 294–5 & 295 n.1, 295 &n.2, 296 & nn.2–5, 466, 496 & 498 n.4, 582 & 583 n.29 n.2, 297 &n.2, 301, 439–40 & 440 n.2, 422 & Drosera: absorption by glandular hairs, 57 &n.7; 423 nn.1–2, 449–50 & 450 nn.1–2; J.D. Hooker benzoic acid poisonous to, 424 &n.5; J.S. Burdon comes to see CD’s experiments, 274;T.H.Hux- Sanderson investigates electrical phenomena in ley visits Down to see CD’s experiments, 270 & leaves, 326 & 327 n.7, 423–4 & 424 n.4, 426–7 271 n.7, 289 & 290 n.4; large insects captured by, & 427 n.2; classification, 305 n.5, 325 n.2;CD 303–4 & 305 n.3, 325 &n.1; secreting glands also asks J.S. Burdon Sanderson’s advice on experi- absorb, 471 & 472 n.9; transmission of motor im- ments, 261–2 & 262 n.1, 262–3 & 263 nn.2–8, pulse, 426–7 & 427 n.3; M. Treat’s observations 267–8 & 268 n.3, 289 & 290 n.4, 325–6 & 326 on, 19 & 20 n.2, 303–4 & 305 nn.1–7, 325 &n.1

Index 759

Drosophyllum lusitanicum: CD hopes J.D. Hooker can making Mexican ants, 294 &n.2 carry out short experiment at Kew, 445 & 446 Egerton, Philip de Malpas Grey-, 50 &n.2 n.9, 469 & 470 n.5; CD plans new experiments Eggers, G. Hermann: sends CD press account of and seeks to borrow plant from Kew, 471 & 472 orange–lemon cross, 133 & 133–4 n.2 n.8; CD will describe in forthcoming book, 325; Ehrenberg, Christian Gottfried: CD sent samples glands capable of both secretion and absorption of Atlantic red dust in 1844, 458 & 459 n.3, 575 but differ from Drosera and Dionaea, 468 &n.2, &n.3; sends CD his ‘Microgeological studies’, 471 & 472 n.9; J.D. Hooker sends CD specimen 458–9 & 459 n.2, 551 &n.1, 575 &n.2 from Dublin, 27 &n.3, 28, 32, 35–6, 37, 38 &n.2, elephants: CD calculates natural increase of pop- 50 &n.1, 56 & 57 n.2; J.D. Hooker seeks another ulation, 174 & 174–5 nn.2 & 4; shed tears when plant for CD, 459 & 460 n.3, 464 &n.2, 479;may suffering, 339–40 & 340 n.1 be primordial form of Dionaea and Drosera, 56–7 Eliot, George. See Evans, Marian &n.4 Elliot, Hugh Frederic Hislop: dog imitates action of Drysdale, Elizabeth, 260 &n.3 swimming even when carried above water, 120 & Drysdale, John James: hypothesis of spontaneous 120–1 n.2 generation, 406 n.4, 441 & 443 nn.2 & 4, 572 & Emerson, Ralph Waldo, 372 & 373 n.8; CD did not 574 nn.2 & 4 meet, 245 &n.6; met T. Carlyle and A. Tennyson Du Bois-Reymond, Emil: measured electrical im- in London, 242–3 & 244 n.8; visited Edinburgh, pulses in animal tissue, 379 &n.3 242 & 243 n.7 Duchartre, Pierre Etienne Simon: effects of dew Engels, Friedrich: Leipzig printers’ strike, 229 n.4 and fog on plants, 359 & 361 n.8; rejects idea that English Independent:reviewofExpression, 587 Dionaea digests animal substances, 548 & 549 n.4 Entomological Society of London: H.W. Bates asks Duchenne, Guillaume Benjamin Amand: elevation CD’s question about sexual differences in butter- of eyebrows, 112 & 113 n.2 flies’ ocelli, 135 & 136 n.1 ducks: hybrids, 500 & 500–1 nn.3–4 Eristalis: H. Müller proves pollen consumed by, 210 Dumesnil, Adèle, 119 n.3, 560 &n.3 &n.2 Dumesnil, Camille-Marie, 119 &n.3, 560 &n.3 Eschscholzia: cross- and self-fertilisation, 221 & 223 Dumesnil, Jeanne, 119 &n.3, 560 &n.3 n.2, 472 n.14 Dumesnil, Jules-Étienne, 119 &n.3, 560 &n.3 Eschscholzia: E. californica, self-fertilisation, F. Hilde- Dumont, Léon A.: E. Haeckel’s phylogenetic clas- brand’s results, 228 & 229 n.3, 229 sificatory system, Revue scientifique de la France et de Ethnological Society: submerged in Anthropologi- l‘étranger, 87 &n.6, 559 & 560 n.6;reviewsExpres- cal Institute, 524 & nn.3–4 sion in Revue scientifique, 588 Eucalyptus: bloom of leaves and fruit, 470 & 471 n.3; Dunbar-Brander, James Brander: dogs’ instinctive CD plans to experiment on selected species, 493 muscular movements, 282–3 & 283 nn.2–3, 284 & 493–4 nn.3 & 9, 520 &n.3; insect pollinators, &n.3; hares’ vocal sounds, 283 &n.6 487 & 488 n.2; J.D. Hooker identifies species for Duns, John: opposes Sabbatarianism, 211 n.4 CD, 479, 480–1 & 481 nn.2 & 13, 486;native Dürer, Albrecht: grief muscle illustrated in ‘De- species fertilised by insects, 482 & 483 nn.3–8; scent from the Cross’, 72 &n.1 whether dichogamous, 360 & 361 n.13, 363, 488 n.2 earthworms: CD asks G. Krefft to observe in Aus- Euclid: early influence on CD, xix, 234 & 235 n.5 tralia, 74 & 75 n.6, 76;CDobservescastingson Euphorbia helioscopia:effects of formic acid on seed, banked up plants, 335; G. King’s observations 305 & 306 n.2 from India and south of France, 76 & 77 nn.1– Euphrasia: H. Müller studies effects of, 275 & 276 3; J. Scott’s observations or worm casts in India, n.4 74 & 75 n.6 Evans, John: subscribes to assist T.H. Huxley, 189 Eciton, 312 & 313 n.4 n.4, 591 Edinburgh Review, 197 n.2; hostile review of Expres- Evans, Margaret: cook at Down House, 433 & 434 sion [T.S. Baynes], xvii, 184 &n.4, 193 & 193–4 n.5 nn.1–3, 196–7 & 197 n.2, 197, 211 n.4, 242 & 243 Evans, Marian (George Eliot): CD asks if Litch- nn.2–3, 246 & 248 n.3, 444 &n.6, 588 fields may call, 144 & nn.2–3; CD and his family Edward VII: (as Albert Edward, prince of Wales) enjoy novels of George Eliot, 144 n.4; E. Darwin recovery from typhoid, 476 n.5 would like to call on, 144, 147;willbehappyto Edwards, Henry: CD thanks for account of honey- see Litchfields, 146–7

760 Index

Evening Herald:reviewofExpression, 588 &n.8 3, 523–4 & 524 n.2, 525 & 526 n.4, 549 & Examiner:reviewofExpression [ J.T. Rothrock], 587 nn.1–2 & 588 n.6 Fighting warrior (Louvre): expression of anger, 22 & expression: Cannes boatman bares teeth in anger, 23 n.5 80–1 & 81 nn.8–10; grief muscle, 72 &n.1;Kafirs Figuier, Louis: gooseflesh on recently dead corpses, and Hottentots, 18–19 & 19 nn.3–9; Szekely, 22 5 & 7 n.27 &n.3 Fiske, John: attacks L. Agassiz’s philosophy in Pop- ular Science Monthly, 473 & nn.5–6, 484 & 485 n.5; Fairfax, John: owns Sydney newspapers, 317 & 320 calls on CD in London, 484 &n.4, 582 & 583 n.2 n.34; completes Outlines of cosmic philosophy and Faivre, Ernest: absorption of water by ascidia, 359– appreciates CD’s encouragement, 472–3 & 473 60 & 361 n.11 nn.1–2, 484 n.3; ‘The progress from brute to Faraday, Michael: accepted civil list pension, 176 & man’, 473 &n.5, 484 & 485 n.6 177 n.3 Fittock, William Henry, 138 & 139 n.4 Farr, John, xxiii,; admires CD and asks for his pho- FitzRoy, Robert: brought home Galàpagos tortoise, tograph, 281, 285–6; admires writings of A. and 171 & 172 n.2;captain,HMSBeagle, 245 n.3 G. Combe, 286 &n.2 flamingo: nursing behaviour, 230 & 231 n.3 Farrer, Katherine Euphemia (Effie): CD and E. Flourens, Marie Jean Pierre: experiments on cere- Darwin visit, 313 &n.2, 315 &n.2, 315 & 316 bral localisation in pigeons, 38 & 39 n.5 n.5, 321 &n.4, 322 &n.3, 323 &n.5, 331 & 332 Flower, William Henry: CD thanks for lecture on n.5, 582 & 583 n.25, 591 &n.1; E.A. Darwin vis- palaeontological evidence for modification of an- its, 403 &n.4; engagement and marriage to T.H. imal forms, 272–3 & 273 n.1;forcedtoretire Farrer, 81 n.5, 200 &n.2, 200 &n.2 through ill health, 486 & 487 nn.1–2; T.H. Hux- Farrer, Thomas Henry: CD and E. Darwin visit, ley, subscribes to assist, 189 n.4, 488 &n.1, 591; 313 &n.2, 315 &n.2, 315 & 316 n.5, 321 &n.4, 322 T.H. Huxley would like to repay contribution to &n.3, 323 &n.5, 331 & 332 n.5, 582 & 583 n.25, subscription, 486–7 & 487 n.3, 488 &n.1;Royal 591 &n.1; CD recommends H. Müller’s book Institution lectures, cites V.O. Kovalevsky, 224–5 on fertilisation of flowers by insects, 194 &n.1, & 225 n.3 200 &n.1; CD refers to T. Meehan’s article on Forbes, James David: dispute with J. Tyndall over Pedicularis canadensis, 526 &n.1; E.A. Darwin vis- glacier movement, 191 & 192 n.8, 382 n.4;T.H. its, 403 &n.4;effect of cultivation on vegetation, Huxley lobbied against award of Copley Medal 323 & nn.3–4; marries K.E. Wedgwood, 81 n.5, to, 191 & 192 nn.9–12, 195 &n.8; P.G. Tait alleges 200 &n.2; morphology and fertilisation of Coro- that J. Tyndall accused of plagiarism, 382 &n.4, nilla, xvii, 321 &n.2, 323, 323–4 & 324 nn.2–4, 385 & 386 n.4, 400 n.6 331 & 332 nn.1–4, 335 & 336 n.7, 526 &n.1; sub- Fordman, Richard: CD unable to believe accounts scribes to assist T.H. Huxley, 170 &n.2, 189 n.4, of wolves nurturing children, 532 &n.2 200 &n.3; supports H. Spencer’s plan to lessen Formica: F. fusca, 489 & 490 n.4; F. pubescens;relation T.H. Huxley’s workload, 192 &n.4 to Tettigometridae, 181 n.3, 562 n.3 Faucett, Peter, 292 & 294 n.3 Forster, Laura May, 62 & 63 n.4; Cannes boatman Fawcett, Henry: Economic position of the British bares teeth in anger, xviii, 80–1; corresponds labourer, 80 & 81 n.7 with H.E. Litchfield, 79–81 & 81 nn.1–14;recom- Felméri, Lajos: Expression, thanks for presentation mendsMrPlatheasteacherforWorkingMen’s and translates parts into Hungarian, 21–2 & 23 College, 79–80 & 81 n.2 n.7; expressions of the Szekely, 22 &n.2 Forster, William Howley, 80 & 81 n.6 Fenton, Francis Dart: report on aboriginal inhabi- Fortnightly Review: F. Galton, review of A. de Can- tants of New Zealand, 552 & 553 n.7 dolle’s Histoire des sciences, 233 &n.2 Ferrier, David, 550 &n.2; experiments showing Foster, Michael: Fullerian Professor of physiology, effect on muscles of electrical currents on the Royal Institution, 192 n.2; T.H. Huxley, possi- brain, xix, 175 & 176 n.2, 177–8 & 178 nn.3–4; bility of lessening workload, 192 &n.2, 194 & ‘Localization of function in the brain’, BAAS, 195 n.3; Naples Zoological Station, financial dif- Bradford meeting, 399 & 400 n.13 ficulties, 495–6 & 496 n.2, 504 &n.7, 505 & Ffinden, Frances M., 517 &n.4 n.4; Naples Zoological Station, tries to persuade Ffinden, George Sketchley: objects to use of school- Cambridge University to support, 531 & 532 n.9, room as winter reading room, xxiii, 517 & nn.1– 579 &n.6

Index 761

Fox, William Darwin: shares reminiscences of Galton, Francis: attempts to prove pangenesis by Cambridge with CD, 341–2 & 342 n.3, 364 &n.4; transfusing rabbits, 25 & 26 n.10, 49 n.5;H.M. thanks CD for Expression, 341 & 342 n.2 Butler reports on hereditary habit, 491 & 492 Franco-Prussian war: disrupted translation of Ori- n.1; A. de Candolle disagrees with conclusions gin, 109 & 110–11 n.2; expression of African pris- on hereditary genius, 40 & 41 nn.4–5, 556 & oners of war passing through Germany, 511 & 557 nn.4–5; CD answers questionnaire on inher- 512 n.5; Prussian troops remain in France until itance of intellectual ability, xv, xix–xx, 234–5 & payment of indemnity, 216 & 217 n.5 235 nn.1–12, 238; CD asks about establishing sta- Frank, Philip: G.H. Darwin consults about stom- tistical mean, 234 & 235 n.10, 239; ‘Hereditary ach problems, 111 & 112 n.3 improvement’, CD thinks proposals impractical, Frankland, Edward, 191 & 192 n.11; assists CD with xix, 24–5 & 25–6 nn.2–9, 27 &n.4; investigates experiments on Drosera,xvi,294–5 & 295 n.1, mediums with W. Crookes, 73 &n.2;plansto 295 &n.2, 296 &n.2, 297 &n.2, 494 & 495 send questionnaire on inheritance of intellectual n.2; cited in Insectivorous plants, 447 n.2;CDat- ability to men of science, 232–3 & 233 nn.2–5; tempts to identify acid secreted by Drosera, 395–6 ridicules J. Goodman’s views on nutritive powers & 396–7 nn.1–8, 397–8 & 398 nn.2–4, 398;CD of egg white, 438 & 439 n.7; sends W.Huggins in- calls on in London, 494–5 & 495 n.3;CDgrate- formation about dog enraged by a butcher, 72–3 ful for assistance, 449–50 & 450 nn.1–2; CD seeks & 73 n.1; visits CD, 582 & 583 n.12 help in testing carbonate of ammonia on Drosera, Gardeners’ Chronicle: A.W. Bennet, review of H. 289 & 289–90 nn.1–4; CD seeks small quantity Müller’s Befruchtung der Blumen, 209–10 & 210 of mucin, 396 & 397 n.6, 397; CD sends wash- nn.1–2; CD, ‘Fertilisation of Leschenaultia’, 223 ings of Drosera leaves for testing, 422 & 423 nn.1– n.5; M.T. Masters seeks to consult CD on 2, 446–7 & nn.1–3; sends CD distilled water, 418 changes, 419 & 420 n.1, 423 &n.2 & nn.1–2, 422, 439 n.2; sends CD litmus paper Gardener’s Monthly (Philadelphia): W.M. Canby, ob- and advises on its use, 439–40 & 440 n.3, 447 & servations on Dionaea, 60 & 61 n.3 n.4, 450 &n.3, 452–3 & 453 n.1, 455 &n.2; sends Gardner, Eugene Terry: sends W.D. Whitney’s ac- J.S. Burdon Sanderson acids, 502–3 & 503 n.2; count of Hayden expedition to Colorado, 327 & supports Liebig memorial appeal, 227 &n.4 n.1 Fraser, Thomas Richard: physiological effects of Gardner, James Terry: chief topographer, Hayden calabar bean, 262 & 263 n.4 Survey, 327 & 327–8 n.2 Fraser’s Magazine: F. Galton, ‘Hereditary improve- Garrod, Alfred Baring: Essentials of materia medica ment’, 24 & 25 n.2, 27 &n.4; F.Max Müller, ‘Lec- and therapeutics, 148 &n.5 tures on Mr. Darwin’s philosophy of language’, Gasteria: leaf arrangement, 412 & 415 n.8, 537–8 & 272 n.1 538 nn.1–3 Free Religious Association, 146 n.2 Gaudry, Albert: CD thanks for work on fossil ver- Friedrich Karl, prince of Prussia, 161 & 163 n.2, 163 tebrates, 78 &n.1 &n.4 Gawler, John Cox: keeper of the crown jewels, 492 frogs: reflex action of leg in decapitated specimen, & 493 n.7; Sikhim, praise for J.D. Hooker’s Hi- 38 & 39 n.4; temperature at which frogs are malayan journals, 492 & 493 n.5 killed, 302, 326 & nn.4–6, 333 Gegenbaur, Carl: support for CD’s theories, 89 & Fry, Mariabella: grief muscle illustrated in Dürer’s n.4, 96 & 97 n.12; taught R. Hennig at Jena, 235 ‘Descent from the Cross’, 72 &n.1 & 236 n.2 Fry, Robert, 127 & 128 n.2 Geikie, Archibald: shareholder in Artizans, Fuligula cristata (Aythya fuligula, tufted duck), 500 & Labourers, & General Dwellings Co., 86 &n.6 n.3 Gellius, Aulus: origin of kissing, 6 n.11 Fumaria officinalis:effects of formic acid on seed, 305 Gentry, Thomas George: fertilisation of Pedicularis & 306 n.2 canadensis, 526 n.1 Gény, Philippe: offers CD worm casts from Nice Gaika, Christian, 19 n.7 lycée botanic garden, 76 & 77 n.3 Galàpagos tortoise: brought home by Beagle expe- Gerhardt, Charles, 435 & 435–6 n.4 dition, 171 & 172 n.2 Gerstaecker, Adolph: sceptical of CD’s description Gallus bankiva. See jungle fowl of Scalpellum regium, 390 & 394 n.3 Galton, Douglas Strutt: detested at Office of Giglioli, Enrico Hillyer: CD thanks for study of Works, 333 &n.5 chimpanzee craniology, 64 & 65 n.2

762 Index

Gill, Theodore Nicholas: support for evolution, 377 125 &n.2; Royal Society elects as foreign mem- &n.4 ber, 273 & 274 n.6; sends CD squib ridiculing L. Girou de Buzareingues, Charles, 41 &n.8, 557 & Agassiz, 89–90 & 91 nn.1–2, 121 & 122 n.2; sup- n.8 port for CD’s theories, 96;toldM.TreatthatCD Gladstone, William Ewart: address on abstract sci- had found nerves of insectivorous plants, 19–20 ence in England, France and Germany, 29 & & 20 n.5; visited Down, 245 n.7 30 n.13; collects Wedgwood china, 30 n.14;CD Gray, Jane Loring: visited Down, 245 n.7 among 54 leading scientists opposing transfer of Gray, John Edward: continues writing on huemul Kew herbarium to new National Museum, 42– despite stroke, 64 & nn.2–4 4 & 44–5 nn.2–5; CD enjoys H. Spencer’s arti- Gray, Maria Emma: CD sends regards to, 64 &n.5 cle ridiculing, 475 & 476 n.5; Iuventus mundi,J.D. Greg, William Rathbone: S. Butler meets, 148 & Hooker regards as puerile, 29 & 30 n.14;J.D. 149 n.4; CD meets in London, 582 & 583 n.11; Hooker sends Candolle’s book to disprove his Enigmas of life, CD finds poetic but utopian, 25 disparagement of abstract science in England, 29 & 26 n.11, 27 &n.5; Enigmas of life, J.D. Hooker & 30 n.12; J.D. Hooker sends Wedgwood medal- finds weak and inconclusive, 28–9 & 30 n.3;J.D. lion, 36 & 37 n.9, 37 &n.2; national herbaria, Hooker would like to bring to Down House, 29 memorial from leading scientists, 33 n.1; ordered & 30 n.4, 32 & 33 n.8 A.S. Ayrton not to interfere with management of Grenfell, Harry Tremenheere: flag-lieutenant, Kew, 29 &30 n.6; resigns over third Irish bill, 121 HMS Repulse, 244 & 245 n.1 n.4; set up committee to investigate governance Grimm, Jakob Ludwig Carl, 272 &n.3 of Kew, 30 n.10 guemul. See huemul Globe & Traveller:reviewofExpression, 587 Gull, William Withey: cited in Expression, 2d ed., 14 Glyceria fluitans: fertilisation by moths, 231 & 232 n.1; n.2 H. Müller observes, 252 &n.9; visited by moths Günther, Albert: asked CD about bringing home so may secrete nectar, 217 & 218 n.3 a Galàpagos tortoise, 171 & 172 n.2; cited in Ex- Gomperz, Theodor: notes on Expression, 350–2 & pression, 6 n.8; corrects description of sexual dif- 352 nn.1–7, 364 ferences in Megalophrys, 252–3 & 253 n.1, 254;CD Goodacre, Francis Burges: proposal for museum of unable to see in London, 171 & 172 n.4, 253 &n.2; domestic animals welcomed by CD, 65–6, 68–9 Phrynosoma, receives living specimen from A.R. & 69 n.3 Wallace, 253 &n.3, 254 &n.3; Reptiles of British Goodman, John: corpuscles produced by chilled al- India cited in Expression, 6 n.8 bumen and water, 438 & 439 n.7 Gurney, Edmund: attends séance with G.H. Dar- Gordon Cumming, Roualeyn George: tears shed win, 517–18 & 518 n.7 by suffering elephant, 340 &n.2 Gymnorhina tibicen (Australian magpie): as snake- Gover, William Sutton: stays at W.D. Fox’s house killer, 9 & 12 n.19 on Isle of Wight, 342 & 342–3 nn.9–10 Grammatophora (Ctenophorus): may be induced to hop, Haeckel, Elisabeth, 443 & 444 n.11, 574 &n.11 201 &n.2 Haeckel, Emma, 443 & 444 n.10, 574 &n.10 Grant, Charles, 531 & 532 n.12, 579 &n.9 Haeckel, Ernst: classification of protozoa con- Graphium sarpedon. See Papilio sarpedon tentious, 63 &n.3; CD admires work on calcare- Gratiolet, Louis Pierre: cited in Expression, 58 &n.2 ous sponges, 86 & 87 n.2, 559 & 560 n.2;CD Gray, Asa: American Association for the Advance- asks views on rudimentary structures, 406 &n.3; ment of Science, presidential address, 122 &n.6; CD asks views on spontaneous generation, 406 & Botany for young people: how plants behave,CDrec- n.4; CD sends Dallinger and Drysdale’s ‘Lesson ommends to J.D. Hooker as model primer, 83 & in biogenesis’, 441 & 443 n.2, 572 & 574 n.2;CD n.4; CD continues experiments on Drosera, 122 sends his letter to Nature on rudimentary struc- &n.3; Dionaea, CD requests further information tures, 441 & 443 n.2, 572 & 574 n.2; CD thanks from W.M. Canby, 31 & 32 n.1, 60 & 61 n.2; Dion- for Natürliche Schöpfungsgeschichte, 4th ed., 406 & aea, observes in Wilmington, 182 & 183 n.1;en- n.1; CD thanks for study of calcareous sponges, couraged CD to continue botanical experiments, 50 &n.1; Descent, L. Masłowski hopes to trans- 32; encourages M. Treat to continue and publish late into Polish, 87 &n.7, 214 n.2, 564 n.2;devel- experiments, 304 & 305 n.7; gives up lecturing, opment of juvenile reflects adult ancestral forms, 311 & 312 n.6; How plants grow and How plants be- 103 n.3; L. Felméri studied with at Jena, 21 & 22 have, A.W. Bennett urges Macmillan to publish, n.1; gastrula, 442 & 443 n.7, 572 & 574 n.7; In-

Index 763

sectivorous plants, presentation, 406 &n.6; meets 16; toads, word for does not express swelling in T.H. Huxley in Lucerne, 443 &n.9, 574 &n.9; other European languages, 2–3 & 6 nn.5–7, 212 Monera, discovery of, 441–2 & 443 n.5, 572 & n.4, 563 n.4; translates Expression into Dutch, xxv, 574 n.5;A.Moschkauadmires,495 &n.2, 528 2 & 6 n.2, 522 n.1; vomiting may have emotional &n.4, 575 & 576 n.2, 577 &n.4; Natürliche Schöp- causes, 4 fungsgeschichte, English translation delayed, 406 & Hassall, Arthur Hill: Microscopic anatomy, 309 & 310 n.2; Natürliche Schöpfungsgeschichte, translated into nn.5 & 7 Polish, 87 &n.7, 559 & 560 n.7; opposes views Haweis, John Oliver Willyams: instance of inher- of J. Huber, 135 &n.4, 562 &n.4;organisms ited expression, 316–17 & 317 n.2 could revert to simpler forms if conditions of life Haworthia: arrangement of leaves, 411 were simpliﬁed, 441 & 443 n.3, 572 & 574 n.3; Hawthorne, Nathaniel, 416 & 417 n.5 progress and purpose of zoology, Revue scientiﬁque Hayden, Ferdinand Vandeveer: survey of Col- de la France et de l’étranger, 87 &n.5, 559 & 560 n.5; orado, 327 & 327–8 n.2 sends CD photograph of his children, 443 & 444 Haynes, Stanley Lewis: comments on Expression, n.11, 574 &n.11; support for CD’s theories, 89 & xviii, 7–11 & 11–12 nn.3–29 n.4, 96 &n.6; taught R. Hennig at Jena, 235 & Head, Henry A.: converts to Spiritualism during 236 n.2; travels to Cairo and Smyrna, 87 & nn.3– harsh Wisconsin winter, 92–4 & 95 nn.1–6 4, 559 & 560 nn.3–4;treeoflife,441–2, 442, 572, Hecker, Ewald: physiology of laughter, 3 & 6 n.10 573 Heer, Oswald: C. Lyell visits in Zurich, 273 & 274 Haeckel, Walter, 443 & 444 n.11, 574 &n.11 n.10 The Hague, Royal Zoological–Botanical Garden, Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich, 196 & 197 n.3, 243 4 &n.19 & 244 n.9 Hague, James Duncan: ants demonstrate sympathy Helianthemum: irritability of stamens, 445 in distress, 91 &n.1, 156–7 & 157 nn.1–3, 268–9 & Helmholtz, Hermann von: law of conservation of 269 n.2; CD publishes letters on ants’ behaviour force, 352 n.7 in Nature,xix,155, 158 & 159 n.3, 186 &n.2, 269 Henderson, James Alexander: mayor of Belfast, n.3, 300 & 301 n.2, 313 n.3; CD sends note from proposes T. Andrew as president of BAAS, 399 J.T. Moggridge, 186 &n.2; G.H. and F. Darwin & 400 n.8 met in California, 158 & 159 n.4 Friedrich Henne’sche Buchhandlung, Stuttgart: Haliburton, Sarah Harriet, 501 & 502 n.1 closes down, 251 & 252 n.7 Hall, M.: ‘Source of solar heat’, Philosophical Maga- Hennig, Rudolf: seeks CD’s photograph for popu- zine, 552 & 553 n.4 lar history of progress of natural science, 235–6 Hall, William Honnywill: queries reason for move- Henry, William Charles: Liebig memorial appeal, ment of eyebrows, 112–13 & 113 nn.1–2 227 &n.4 Hamilton, William Stirling, 242 & 243 n.3;J.H. Henslow, George: rapid deterioration in health, 170 Stirling vehemently criticises, 197 & 198 n.6 &n.1; stays with J.D. Hooker while recuperating hares: W. Ogle wonders whether they prefer to cir- from illness, 382 & 383 n.5, 385 & 386 n.10 cle to the left, 205–6 & 206 n.5; vocal sounds, 283 Henslow, Georgina Brook, 382 & 383 n.5 &n.6 Herbert, William, 288 Harless, Emil: study of plastic anatomy, 509 & 511 Herpestes ichneumon (ichneumon), 3 & 6 n.8 n.1 Herrig, Hans: reviews Expression in Magazin für die Harte, William: cats and dogs are guided by direc- Literatur des Auslandes, 588 & 589 n.13 tion of light, 237–8 & 238 n.1 Hibbert, William Tetlow, 72 n.1 Harting, Pieter: birds arrectores are striped, 2 & 6 n.4 Hickman, George W., 244 n.10 Hartnack, Edmund: microscopes, 266 &n.3, 445 Higgins, John, 235 n.12 & nn.2–7, 448 &n.4 Higginson, Henry Lee, 146 n.4 Hartogh Heijs van Zouteveen, Hermanus: blush- Higginson, Mary Elizabeth, 145–6 & 146 n.11 ing, 5 & 7 nn.24–5; colour, perception of, 5 & Higginson, Thomas Wentworth: CD greatly ap- 7 n.26; Expression, notes on, 2–5 & 6–7 nn.3–29; preciates his Life with a black regiment, 95 &n.2, head-binding of children causes deformity, 4 & 6 144–5 & 146 n.1; essays sent to CD by M. Con- n.20; impatience, expression of, 4; inherited hy- way, 95 & 96 n.4; notes on Expression, 145–6 & permetropia, 521 & 522 n.1, 522 &n.3; sneer- 146 nn.5 & 7–10; visited Down (1872), 95 &n.3, ing, expression of, 4–5 & 6–7 nn.21–3; supplica- 145 & 146 nn.1 & 6 tion, examples of expression of, 3–4 & 6 nn.12– Hildebrand, Friedrich: admires H. Müller’s

764 Index

Hildebrand, Friedrich, cont. mires G.J. Allman’s work and proposes for Royal Befruchtung der Blumen, 213 &n.3; CD seeks in- Medal, 273 & 274 n.7–8, 274 &n.2;asksCDwho formation about fertilisation of Primula and Cory- supplies his chemicals and distilled water, 439 & dalis, 217 &n.1; CD thanks for book on distri- n.2; awarded LLD by Glasgow University, 507 & bution of plants, 506 &n.2; cited in Cross and 508 n.3; A.S. Ayrton, dispute over governance of self fertilisation, 275 n.2; cultivated cereals, fertilisa- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, 27 & 27–8 nn.6– tion of, 217 &n.2, 228 & 229 n.5; fertilisation of 7, 29 & 30 n.5, 30 & 30–1 nn.10 & 16, 32 & 33 grasses, A.W. Bennett translates paper into En- n.3; Ayrton dispute, support of leading scientists, glish, 125 &n.4; publishes small work on prop- 29 & 30 n.16; BAAS, Bradford meeting, 382 & agation of plants, 228 & 229 n.4; results of ex- 383 n.6, 399–400 & 400–1 nn.7–19, 419 &n.2; periments in self-fertilisation of plants, 228 & 229 Belgian academy elects as associate member as nn.2–3 expression of support in Ayrton dispute, 27 & Hinton, Charles H.: observations on Expression, 28 n.7, 29; botany primer for Macmillan, 82 & 254–7 & 257–8 nn.1–12; responses to terror n.4, 83 &n.4; Cephalotus, ready to research for demonstrated in San Francisco earthquakes, CD, 469 & 470 n.7, 473; classification of plants, 255–6 73 & 74 n.4; collects Wedgwood, 29 & 30 n.14; Hippocamelus bisulcus. See huemul CD advises on experiments with Nepenthes, 485 Hirst, Thomas Archer: subscribes to assist T.H. & 486 n.2, 488 &n.1, 491 &n.2, 520 &n.5; Huxley, 163 &n.2, 168 &n.6, 189 n.4, 591 &n.2 CD asks about waxy matter or fine hairs pro- hive-bees: drones demonstrate inherited instinct, tecting plants, 328, 332 & 333 nn.2–4;CDasksto 152 & 155 n.3 find out temperature of rain in hot countries, 419 Hobbes, Thomas, 198 n.11 &n.6; CD consults on absorption by glandular Hofmann, August Wilhelm von: assisted CD in hairs of plants, 26–7 & 27 n.2, 30 & 31 nn.22– testing carbonate of ammonia on Drosera, 289 & 6; CD plans subscription for T.H. Huxley, 161 290 n.3; gave CD samples of pure gelatin, 380 & nn.1–2; CD seeks Desmodium from Kew, 455 & & 381 n.8, 514 &n.5, 529 &n.3; introduction to 456 n.2; CD seeks information from Kew about chemistry translated into Polish, 214 &n.4, 564 injury to plants from watering during sunshine, &n.4; professor at Berlin, 380 & 381 n.7; raises 338, 339; CD seeks loan of Journal of Botany, 83 funds for memorial to J. von Liebig, 226–7 & 227 &n.5; CD seeks plants and advice on cultiva- nn.3 & 5 tion, 457; CD seeks specimen of Oxalis sensitiva, Holbeach, Henry: reviews Expression in St. Paul’s 57 &n.5; CD tries his immersion lens, 473–4 & Magazine, 588 & 589 n.11 475 n.7; CD vents anger at R. Owen’s insinu- Holland, Henry, 533 ations regarding Royal Society’s officers, 547 & Holloway, Thomas, 237 &n.6 n.2; CD visits at Kew, 490–1, 492 &n.2, 493 Holmes, Oliver Wendell, 373 n.6 &n.2; CD’s experiments on Drosera take prece- Homer: Iliad, description of rage, 12–13 & 13 n.4; dence over his own on Nepenthes and Sarracenia, Odyssey, kissing, 3 & 6 n.11 479 & 481 nn.7 & 9; F. Darwin visits at Kew, 445 Hooker, Brian Harvey Hodgson, 273 &n.4; visits &n.1, 448 & nn.2–3; death of M.E. Lyell, 186–7 Down House, 582 & 583 n.20 & 187 nn.2–4; Desmodium, movements, 445, 479 & Hooker, Charles Paget, 273 &n.4; writes note to 481 n.6; Dionaea, sends CD specimens, 270 & 271 CD, 378 & 379 n.7 n.2; director, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, 339, Hooker, Frances Harriet: attends BAAS conference 445 n.1, 448 n.3, 467 n.4; Drosophyllum,CDasks with J.D. Hooker, 382 & 383 n.6; forwards C.P. if he could conduct short experiment on, 445 & Hooker’s note to CD, 378 & 379 n.7;monthin 446 n.9, 469 & 470 n.5; Drosophyllum, CD seeks Broadstairs, 273 &n.3; suggests T.H. Huxley’s plant of, 27 &n.3, 28, 56 & 57 n.2, 471 & 472 friends pay money into his bank account, 165 & n.8; Drosophyllum, seeks from Dublin, 459 & 460 n.3; visits Down, 179 & 180 n.1, 187 &n.9, 582 & n.3, 464 &n.2, 479; Eucalyptus, dichogamy, 360 583 n.19 & 361 n.13; formic acid, effect on germination Hooker, Grace Ellen, 273 &n.3 of seeds, 120 n.1; Gasteria, exhibits at Royal Soci- Hooker, Harriet Anne, 82 &n.1 ety, 537 &n.1; Genera plantarum will be delayed by Hooker, Joseph Dalton: absorption of ammonia by presidency of Royal Society, 36 &n.6; Himalayan plants may resemble effects on blood of animals journals praised by J.C. Gawler, 492 & 493 n.5; poisoned by venom, 30 & 31 n.26, 33; absorption T.H. Huxley, accompanies to France and Ger- of water by leaves, 359–60 & 361 nn.8–11;ad- many, xxi, 270 & 271 n.1, 273 &n.2, 310 & 311 n.2,

Index 765

314 & 315 n.1, 315 &n.4; T.H. Huxley, charmed 28; visits Down with R. Strachey, 273 & 274 n.11, by letter of thanks, 186 & 187 n.1, 195; T.H. Hux- 314 & 315 n.3, 315 &n.3, 328 &n.1, 332, 338 & ley, subscription to assist, xx, 189 n.4, 161 &n.1, n.3, 339 &n.1, 343 &n.2, 385 & 386 n.9;S.V. 165, 167 & 168 n.2, 168, 170 &n.3, 171 &n.5, 582 Wood Jr disputes view that domestic apples pro- & 583 n.16, 591 &n.3; Hydnora americana,paper duce crabs, 387 & 389 n.6, 388, 401 & 402 n.3, for Linnean Society, 492 &n.3; identifies com- 420 & 421–2 n.5, 471 mon plants for CD, 310 & 311 n.3, 359 & 360 Hooker, Reginald Hawthorn, 273 &n.3 nn.1–7, 378 & 379 n.1, 382 &n.2, 470 & 472 n.5; Hooker, William Henslow, 273 &n.4 identifies plants for CD, 73 & 74 n.2, 310 & 311 Hooker, William Jackson: established Kew herbar- n.3, 315, 359 & 360 nn.1–7, 378 & 379 n.1, 382 & ium and Museums of Structural and Economic n.2, 470 & 472 n.5, 479, 480–1 & 481 nn.2 & 12– Botany, 44 & 44–5 n.4 13, 486; Lathyrus nissolia, sends CD seeds, 520 & Hookham, George: defends CD’s views on origin 521 n.3; Linnaeus on sleeping plants, 360 & 361 of language against F. Max Müller’s, 207 &n.3; n.12; lunches with CD in London, 165 n.6, 582 & fighting sheep strike with forelegs, 207 &n.4 583 n.17; Mimosa, movement of leaves, 520; Mi- Hopkin & Williams: charged so little CD is mosa albida, sends CD plant, 479 & 481 n.4, 507 ashamed to ask them to supply him again, 366 &n.2, 519–20 &n.1; Mimosa albida, sensitivity to &n.1; supply CD with distilled water, 398 &n.2 water, 360 & 361 nn.14–16, 378 & 379 n.3; Mimosa Horace, 342 n.5 albida, sluggish reaction to being touched, 385 & Horner, Anne Susan: buried at Woking, 187 &n.6 n.3; Mimosa marginata (Lindl.) has priority over Horner, Francis, 254 &n.2 M. prostrata, 439 &n.1; J.T. Moggridge’s study horses: expression of emotion, 8, 10;homingin- of ants, speculates on effect of formic acid on stincts, 123–4 & 124 n.2; increasing fleetness, 85 germination of seeds, 82 & nn.2–3, 347 n.1;na- & nn.5–6, 114 & 115 n.4 tional herbarium, dispute with British Museum Hoskins, J. Thornton: director, Artizans, Labour- over creation of, 29 & 30 n.8; Nepenthes,CDurges ers, & General Dwellings Co., 85 not to defer publication of experiments, 485 & Houzeau de Lehaie, Auguste, 88 n.1 486 n.2; Nepenthes, experiments on, xvi, 382 & Houzeau, Jean-Charles: importance of preserving 383 n.8, 385 & 386 n.6, 459 & 459–60 nn.1–2, anthropoid quadrumans, 88; mental faculties of 464, 466 &n.1, 468 & nn.2–3, 469 & 470 nn.2– apes, 88 &n.2; thanks CD for present of Expres- 4, 473 & 475 nn.2–3, 479 & 481 n.7, 485 & 486 sion, 87–8 & 88 n.1 n.2, 488 &n.1, 491 &n.2, 492 &n.3, 520 &n.5; Howarth, Henry Hoyle: asks to quote CD in letter Nepenthes, experiments are solely for CD, 479 & to Nature on distribution of volcanoes, 552–3 & 481 n.7; Royal Society, inaugural address, 521 & 553 nn.1–4; barrenness of dying trees, 552 n.5, 530 & 532 n.2, 535 &n.4, 547;RoyalSociety, Huber, Johannes Nepomuk: critique of theory of nominated for presidency, 29 & 30–1 nn.15–19, natural selection, 135 &n.2, 561 & 562 n.2 32 & 33 n.2, 36 &n.4; Royal Society, president, huemul (guemul; now Hippocamelus bisulcus): J.E. 50 &n.3, 67 &n.3, 274 n.8, 521 n.5, 532 n.2, 535 Gray’s paper on, 64 & nn.2–4 n.1, 535 n.4; J. Russell, hopes to introduce CD to, Huggins, William: L. Darwin meets at Kew, 464 469 & 470 n.6; Sarracenia, ready to research for & 465 n.6; F. Galton sends further information CD, 469 & 470 n.7; sends CD Acacia and Euca- about dog enraged by a butcher, 72–3 & 73 n.1; lyptus leaves, 469 &n.1, 470 & 471 n.2; sends CD inherited instinct in dogs, CD publishes letter in Acacia farnesiana, 469, 471 & 472 n.7, 473 & 475 Nature,xix,69–71 & 71 nn.2–9, 71 &n.3, 72 & 73 n.1, 479 & 481 n.3; sends CD Drosophyllum, 35–6, n.1, 83 & 84 nn.1–2 50 &n.1, 56 & 57 n.2; sends CD plants, 547 & 548 Hughes, Thomas McKenny: CD will be honoured n.7; sends CD plants of Oxalis sensitiva, 339 &n.2; to assist memorial to A. Sedgwick, 124; succeeds sends CD seeds of Lathyrus nissolia, 488 &n.2; Stu- A. Sedgwick as Woodwardian Professor of geol- dent’s flora, 73 & 74 n.3;suffers from eczema, 479; ogy, 64 n.1, 124 & 125 n.2 suffers from influenza, 82 &n.1; supports J. Tyn- Humbert, Alois: sphinx moth attracted to floral dall against P.G. Tait, 382 &n.4; surprised and wallpaper, 47–8 & 48 nn.3–4, 48–9 & 49 n.4, disappointed by J. Tyndall’s letter to Nature, 399 557–8 & 558 nn.3–4 & 400 n.6; values R. Strachey’s praise for himself Humboldt, Karl Wilhelm von, 272 &n.3 and CD, 36 &n.7, 37 &n.3; visits Down, 33 n.8, Huxley, Henrietta Anne, 179 &n.3, 190 & 191 n.1; 179 & 180 n.1, 187 &n.9, 311 n.3, 378 & 379 n.5, A. Dohrn sends regards to, 531 & 532 n.11, 579 399 & 400 n.4, 418–19, 582 & 583 nn.20, 26 & &n.8; gratitude for friends’ subscription, 185 &

766 Index

Huxley, Henrietta Anne, cont. community, 499 &n.3, 503 & 504 n.3, 504–5 & n.3; visits Down, 582 & 583 n.9 505 nn.2–4; Nitella, has not had time to inves- Huxley, Thomas Henry: Académie des sciences tigate, 487 &n.5, 488; poor health and finan- elects as correspondent, 282 n.2, 567 n.2;G.J. cial worries, 161 &n.1, 163 n.2; professor of nat- Allman proposed for Royal Medal of Royal So- ural history, Royal School of Mines, 191 & 192 ciety, 273 & 274 n.8; ‘Animals intermediate be- n.5; Royal Society, arranges donation of Philo- tween birds and reptiles’, 200 & 201 n.1;anti- sophical Transactions to Naples Zoological Station, clerical outbursts, 29 & 30 n.11; caricature, 162; 505 &n.6; Royal Society, hopes for J.D. Hooker’s consults A. Clark, 158 &n.4, 161 &n.1, 171 & election as president, 67 &n.3;RoyalSociety, n.3, 194 & 195 n.3; criticised in Edinburgh Review J.D. Hooker’s inaugural address, 530 & 532 n.2; article on Expression [T.S. Baynes], 444 n.6; Cri- Royal Society, secretary, 191 & 192 n.5, 274 n.8, tiques and addresses, 191 & 192 n.6, 194 & 195 n.5; 532 n.3, 547 &n.3; sends CD M. Arnold’s Liter- CD admires sharpness of mind, 270; CD meets ature & dogma, 66–7 & 67 n.2, 67;H.Spencer’s in London, 499; Descent, note on structure of plans to lessen workload, 192 &n.2; J.H. Stirling the brain in apes and humans, 535 & 535–6 n.5; critical of, 196 & 197 n.4, 197 & 198 n.5;suffers Drosera, visits Down to see CD’s experiments, 267 from dyspepsia, 67; visits Down, 267 & 268 n.5, & 268 n.5, 270 & 271 n.7, 289 & 290 n.4;W.H. 270 & 271 n.7, 289 & 290 n.4, 290 &n.4, 468 & Flower, hopes to repay contribution to subscrip- n.6, 486 & 487 n.1, 582 & 583 nn.22 & 30, 590–1 tion, 486–7 & 487 nn.1–4, 488 &n.1;J.D.Forbes, & 591 nn.1–5 lobbied against award of Copley Medal to, 191 Hydnora americana: J.D. Hooker’s paper on, 492 & & 192 nn.9–12, 195 &n.8; J.D. Forbes’s attack on n.3 J. Tyndall, CD advises against answering, 191 & Hyoscyamus niger: alkaloid poisons, 147 &n.2 192 n.8, 195 &n.8; M. Foster may be able to re- Hypecoum grandiflorum: self-fertilisation, F. Hilde- duce workload, 192 &n.2, 194 & 195 n.3;friends brand’s results, 228 & 229 n.2 subscribe to assist, xv, xx, 161 & nn.1–2, 163 & n.2, 164 & 165 nn.2–3, 165 &n.6, 166 & 167 n.3, Ibla cumingi: lives attached to Pollicipes, 392 & 394 167 & nn.2–4, 167–8 & 168 nn.2–7, 169 & 169– n.8 70 nn.2–5, 170–1 & 171 nn.1–5, 176–7 & 177 n.2, ichneumon: destroys cobras, 6 n.8 179 & nn.2–3, 182 & nn.2–3, 183 &n.2, 187–8 & Ichthyornis: O.C. Marsh discovers, 220 &n.9, 225 188 nn.2–4, 189 & nn.3–4, 190, 192 &n.1, 194 Illustrated London News: portrait of CD, 226 &n.3 & 195 n.1, 400–401 n.17, 499 &n.4, 582 & 583 Index: F.E. Abbott resigns as editor but is later rein- n.16; friends’ subscription, CD informs of, 167, stated, 145 & 146 n.3; CD subscribes to, 95 & 96 171 &n.5, 176 & 177 n.2, 179 &n.3, 182 &n.3, n.5; T.W. Higginson delighted CD continues to 183 &n.2, 191, 200, 590; friends’ subscription, read, 145 & 146 n.2 CD sends names of subscribers, 194 & 195 n.1; Innes, Eliza Mary: visits Down House, 582 & 583 friends’ subscription, letter of thanks circulated, n.18 xx–xxi, 184–5, 186 & 187 n.1, 186 & 187 n.1, 187– Innes, John Brodie: visits Down House, 582 & 583 8 & 188 n.2, 189 &n.3, 189 &n.2, 190, 190–1 & n.18 192 n.3, 192 &n.1, 195 & nn.9–10, 199 &n.2, 200 Ipomoea purpurea: self-fertilisation impairs fertility, &n.3; E. Haeckel meets in Lucerne, 443 &n.9, 471 & 472 n.14 574 &n.9; holiday in France and Germany with J.D. Hooker, xxi, 192 &n.2, 194, 270 & 271 n.1, Jackson, Henry: comments on Expression, 12–13 & 273 &n.2, 290, 311 n.2, 314 & 315 n.1, 315 &n.4, 13 nn.2–7; G.H. Darwin’s neighbour at Trinity 399 & 400–401 n.17, 443 &n.9, 574 &n.9;G. College, Cambridge, 438 & 439 n.6 Krefft sent skeleton of Chlamydosaurus kingii, 201 Jackson, John Hughlings, xix, 550 &n.2 & 202 n.4, 290 &n.4; Lessons in elementary physi- Jenkin, Henry Charles Fleeming: CD thanks for his ology, lymphatic capillaries, 229–30 & 230 nn.1– Electricity and magnetism, 195–6 & 196 n.2;wrote 2; M.E. Lyell, fears for health of, 190 & 191 n.1; the wittiest review of Origin, 196 &n.3 Naples Zoological Station, A. Dohrn unable to Jenkins, John Edward: Ginx’s baby, 121 n.5 accept offer of subscription, 530–1 & 532 n.5, 535 Jenyns, George: anecdotes prompted by Expression, & nn.2–3, 578–9 & 579 n.2; Naples Zoological 179–80 & 180 n.1 Station, financial situation prevents from assist- Jenyns, Leonard. See Blomefield, Leonard ing, 495–6 & 496 n.2, 505 &n.5; Naples Zoolog- Johnson, Samuel, 36 n.7, 122 n.5 ical Station, proposes subscription from scientific Johnston, Fowell Buxton: observations on Descent,

Index 767

116–18 & 118 nn.1–10 Klein, Edward Emanuel: advises F. Darwin on Jones, Henry Bence. See Bence Jones, Henry CD’s getting a Hartnack microscope, 266 & Jones, Millicent Bence. See Bence Jones, Millicent nn.2–3; advises F. Darwin on scientific equip- Joule, James Prescott: resigns presidency of BAAS ment, 1 & 2 n.1, 445 &n.6, 448 & 449 n.5;F.Dar- due to ill health, 400 n.10 win studies histology with, xvi, 370 n.6; discovery Journal of Botany, British and Foreign: notes publication about toad’s ova has no bearing on pangenesis, of H. Müller’s book on fertilisation of flowers by 2 &n.3; Handbook for the physiological laboratory, 143 insects, 98 n.2; F.B. White, influence of insect- & 144 n.2, 148 n.4, 527 n.1 agency on distribution of plants, 57 &n.6, 83 & Knight, Andrew: produced Downton Piper, 401 & n.5 402 n.5 Journal of Mental Science: H. Maudsley among ed- Koch, Eduard Friedrich: CD thanks for 2dGer- itors, 99 & 100 n.3;reviewofExpression (T.C. man edition of Variation, 548 &n.2; publishes Shaw), 100 n.3, 588 German editions of CD’s works, 61 &n.3, 209 Journal of researches: birds on remote oceanic islands &n.2 lack fear of man, 69 & 71 n.4; coastal elevation Kölliker, Rudolph Albert von, 309 & 310 n.6;be- of South America, 553 n.3; CD collected atmo- lieves in evolution but not natural selection, 96 spheric dust at high altitudes, 280 &n.4;French &n.4 translation by E. Barbier, 2d ed., 216 & 217 n.6; Koniklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Weten- guanaco drop dung in a heap, 478 & 479 n.5;R. schappen: CD elected fellow (1872), 130 n.3 Smith admires, 89 &n.1;aworkoftravelsthat Kossmann, Robby August: studies morphology of is also a work of science (W.W. Reade), 214 & 215 Sacculina, 248 & 249 n.15 n.2 Kovalevsky, Alexander Onufrievich: studies ascidi- jungle fowl (Gallus bankiva), 212, 218 ans, 225 &n.6; studies Brachiopoda, 219 & 220 Juynbol, A.W.T.: etymology of European words for n.6, 225 &n.5 toad, 2 & 6 n.5 Kovalevsky, Vladimir Onufrievich: Anthracotherium, monograph dedicated to CD, 219 & 220 nn.1 & Kant, Immanuel, 197 n.3 3–4, 225, 361–2 & 362 nn.2–3, 568 & nn.2–3;CD Karich, C.L., 133 & 133–4 n.2 congratulates on being cited by W.H. Flower, Kay-Shuttleworth, James, 399 & 400 n.16 224–5 & 225 n.3; Expression, Russian translation, Keen, William Williams: comments on Descent and 220 &n.8; Hyopotamidae, paper published by Expression, 415–16 & 417–18 nn.1–15;patient’s Royal Society, 219 & 220 n.5, 224 & 225 n.2;vis- concave head wound shows operation of optic ited Down (1872), 220 &n.7 nerve, 416 & 418 n.13 Krefft, Archibald, 201 n.3 Kennedy, Alexander: cited in Descent on declining Krefft, Gerard: assistant curator, Australian Mu- population of Maori, 298 n.2; decline in num- seum, Sydney, 292 & 294 n.5, 317; attachment bers of New Zealand birds associated with intro- shown by donkey, 477–8 attention-seeking mon- duction of bees, 298 &n.2 key, 74 &n.2; Australian lizards capable rising Kerner von Marilaun, Anton, 259; cited in Cross on hind legs, 201 & 201–2 nn.2 & 4; Chlamy- and self fertilisation, 264 n.6; floral morphology dosaurus kingii, sent skeleton to T.H. Huxley, 201 and fertilisation, 223 &n.9; ‘Die Schutzmittel des & 202 n.4; CD forwards chrysalis he sent to A.R. Pollens’, 475 & 476 n.3 Wallace, 285 &n.2, 290; CD recommends he Kiesenwetter, Ernst Helmuth von: revision of the writes a book about Australian natural history, genus Malthodes, 357 & 357–8 nn.1 & 4–5 363, 482; CD seeks information on worms in King, Clarence Rivers: geologist on Fortieth Paral- Australia, 74 & 75 n.6, 76, 290; CD sends 6th lel and Hayden Survey, 327 & 327–8 n.2 edition of Origin, 74 &n.4, 201 & 202 n.8, 367 & King, George: cited in Earthworms, 280 n.4;CD 368 n.1; CD sends autograph for H. Parkes, 363 thanks for observations on earthworms, 76 & 77 &n.6, 482 & 483 n.1; defends CD’s theories in n.1; CD thanks for worm castings from Nice, 279 Australian newspapers, 291–2 & 294 n.4, 293, 317 & 280 n.2; superintendent, Royal Botanic Gar- & 319 n.1; eucalyptus, fertilisation by insects, 482 den, Calcutta, on sick leave in Menton, 77 nn.1 & 483 nn.3–7; explores caves for human remains, & 5 482 & 483 n.2; introduces CD to H.H.B. Bradley, Kinglake, Alexander William: Eothen, 214 & 215 n.4 expert on eucalyptus, 363, 487 &n.1; Krefft’s Na- Kirkpatrick, Joseph, 128 &n.3 ture in Australia, 363 n.5; museum display, 292–3 Kirkpatrick, William, 128 &n.3 & 294 n.6, 293; obtains chimpanzee skeleton for

768 Index

Krefft, Gerard, cont. nectar holes, 329–30 & 330 n.2, 334; F. Darwin museum, 292–3; pet pig deposits excrement in mistakes L. sylvestris for L. maritimus, 330 n.2, 336 discrete place, 478; pet piglets may have been n.6, 336; orientation of flowers, 330 &n.3; stylar sired by New Guinea boar on HMS Basilisk, brush, 336 & 337 n.4, 337; L. latifolius, 338 n.4, 482–3 & 483 n.11; photograph of fossil human 349 n.4; L. nissolia, CD anxious to compare with molar, 293 & 294 n.7;photographofPapilio sarpe- Desmodium gyrans, 474 &n.9; L. nissolia,CDob- don, 201 & 202 n.5; photographs of natives of tains seed from Kew, 464 & 465 n.7, 469 & 470 Queensland and New Guinea, 201 & 202 nn.7 & n.8, 471 & 472 n.11, 485 & 486 n.5, 488 &n.2; 9, 290 &n.2; photographs of skulls, CD sends to L. nissolia,leaflets,463 & 463–4 n.2; L. odoratus, G. Busk, 74 & 75 n.3; reconstructs Diprotodon, 482 failure of Bombus lapidarius to fertilise, 334 & 335 & 483 n.8; self-taught naturalist, 367–8 & 368 n.4; L. odoratus, intercrossing, 198 & 199 n.3, 258 n.3; sends CD a bottle of beetles that fertilise Eu- & 259 nn.2 & 4, 264 &n.4, 565 & 566 nn.2 & calyptus, 482 & 483 n.7; sends CD paper on prim- 4; L. pratensis, nectar holes, 348–9 & 349 n.5; L. itive man, 317 & 319 n.1; sends CD wormcasts, silvestris, stylar brushes, 348 & 349 n.2 318 & 320 n.4, 363 &n.4; sexual excitement in Lawson, Henry: lodges with J.D. Hooker at BAAS an old mare, 477; translates poem by L. Buchner, Bradford meeting, 399 & 400 n.16 318–19 & 320 n.6, 363 &n.3 Lay, William Hyde, 139 n.3 Krefft, Rudolf Gerard, 201 n.3, 367 & 368 n.2, 478 Layard, Austen Henry, 3 & 6 n.15 & 479 nn.3 & 6 Le Maout, Emmanuel: (with J. Decaisne) Traité Kurr, Johann Gottlob von: Untersuchungen über die Be- générale de botanique descriptive et analytique, 147 & 148 deutung der Nektarien in den Blumen, 218 n.3; Unter- n.3 suchungen, CD recommends to H. Müller, 275 & Leda limatula (Yoldia limatula), 425 &n.1 276 n.3; Untersuchungen unavailable due to pub- Lee, Henry Pincke: expressions of Japanese and lisher’s ruin, 251 & 252 n.7 Chinese, 45 &n.1 Lee, John Edward: CD sends five guineas for Pen- Lacazella. See Thecidium gelly testimonial, 541 &n.1 Lamarck, Jean Baptiste de, 172 n.2; Philosophie zo- Leffen, Thomas Bray: CD thanks for information ologique, C. Martins’s biographical introduction about Australian caterpillars, 208 &n.1 to new edition, 260 & 261 n.2, 566 & 567 n.2 Leggett, William Henry: CD regrets he has not re- Lamb, William, 2d Viscount Melbourne, 177 n.3 ceived papers on Apocynum, 447–8 & 448 n.3 Lancet:reviewofExpression, 587 Lemattre, Gustave: ‘La transfusion du sang et la vie Land and Water:reviewofExpression, 588 des élémens de l‘organisme’, 7 n.27 Lane, Edward Wickstead: CD thanks for book and Leopoldina: publishes J.T. Moggridge’s paper on recalls benefits from hydropathy, 260 & nn.1–2 Ophrys, 291 &n.2 Lane, Margaret Mary, 260 &n.3 Lepsius, Karl Richard: drawings of Egyptian an- Langton, Charles, 81 &n.13 tiquities, 430 & 433 nn.2–4, 569 & 572 nn.2–4 Langton, Edmund, 81 &n.13; moths attracted to Lewes, George Henry: partner of Marian Evans floral wallpaper, 48–9 & 49 n.4;treatedbyA. (George Eliot), 144 &n.2 Clark, 433 & 434 n.7, 434 n.5 Liebig, Justus von: appeal for funds to erect statue Langton, Emily Caroline, 81 &n.13 in Giessen, 226–7 & 227 n.3; supported work of Lankester, Edwin Ray: CD congratulates on work R. Hennig, 236 &n.3 in Naples, 174 & 174–5 n.3; supervises transla- Lilljeborg, Wilhelm, 249 n.15 tion of E. Haeckel’s Natürliche Schöpfungsgeschichte, Lindley, John: Cassia herbertiana, 536 &n.3; Mimosa 406 n.2, 443 n.6, 574 n.6; ‘Primitive cell-layers of marginata, 439 &n.1; soaked seeds in oxalic acid the embryo’, Annals and Magazine of Natural His- to hasten germination, 299 & 300 n.3; Vegetable tory, 443 &n.8, 573–4 & 574 n.8 kingdom, 3d ed., 73 & 74 n.2 L’Année scientifique, 5 & 7 n.27; L. Figuier, publisher, Lingula: E.S. Morse’s woodcut of, 383 &n.4 5 & 7 n.27 Linné, Carl von (Carolus Linnaeus): sleeping Larus argentatus (European herring gull): ‘dancing’, plants, 360 & 361 n.12;sleepinCassia, 534 & 535 14–15 & 15 n.3 n.1 Laslett, Hannah, 526 n.4, 549 &n.1 Linnean Society: G. Bentham’s anniversary ad- Lathyrus: CD observed L. maritimus at Shanklin, 335 dress, 270 & 271 n.3, 273 & 274 n.5; Climbing &n.5, 337 & 338 nn.2–3; F. Darwin finds L. mar- plants, woodcuts, 121 &n.3, 125 &n.2;CDsug- itimus (L. japonicus) near Barmouth and examines gests asking members to contribute to Naples

Index 769

Zoological Station, 503 & 504 n.5; J.D. Hooker, Lubbock, Beaumont William, 524 &n.2 paper on Hydnora americana, 492 &n.3 Lubbock, Ellen Frances: Anthropological Insti- Linton, Elizabeth: True history of Joshua Davidson, 120 tute’s financial difficulties, 524 & 524–5 nn.3–6; & 121 n.5 CD visits in London, 582 & 583 n.14;dolong- Lister, Joseph: tickling causes hairs on adjoining haired cats like to be stroked the wrong way?, surface to stand up, 320 & 321 n.4 13–14; pug wags his paw when lying on his back, Litchfield, Henrietta Emma, 63 n.4, 158 &n.5, 428 166 & 167 n.2; reading room at Down school, 517 &n.4; CD and E. Darwin stay with in London, & nn.2–3, 523–4 & 524 n.2, 525; subscription to 471 & 472 n.10, 484 &n.4, 490 & 491 n.1, 493 assist T.H. Huxley, xx, 163 &n.2, 166 & 167 n.3, & 494 n.5, 494 &n.1, 503 n.1, 582 & 583 n.31; 195 &n.10 CD gives G.H. Darwin’s draft on religion and Lubbock, John, 14 &n.3, 172 n.2; CD calls on in moral sense and his reply, 461 & 462 n.7, 465–6 & London, 582 & 583 n.15; head of Robarts, Lub- 466 n.5; L.M. Forster describes boatman baring bock & Co., pays friends’ subscription into T.H. his teeth in anger, 80–1 & 81 n.8; L.M. Forster Huxley’s account, 163 n.2, 165 n.3, 167 & 168 n.3, recommends Mr Plathe as teacher for Working 168 & 169 n.3, 171 &n.2, 179 n.2, 182 n.2, 183, 189 Men’s College, 79–80 & 81 n.2;V.O.Kovalevsky n.4, 582 & 583 n.16, 590; T.H. Huxley, discussed sends regards to, 220; meets J.E. Boehm, 276 lessening workload with M. Foster, 194 & 195 n.3; & 277 n.1; recollections of subscription to assist T.H. Huxley, subscription to assist, xx, 161 &n.2, T.H. Huxley, 590; visits Down, 34 n.4, 461 & 462 163 &n.2, 165 n.3, 166 & 167 n.3, 167 & 168 nn.2– n.7; would like to call on Marian Evans (George 3, 168, 179 &n.2, 182 &n.2; Origin of civilisation, Eliot), 144 &n.3 G. Cupples enjoys, 197 & 198 n.7; past president, Litchfield, Richard Buckley, 428 n.6, 526 n.4;CD Ethnological Society, 524 & 525 n.7n; Prehistoric and E. Darwin visit, 490 & 491 n.1, 493 & 494 times, E. Barbier translates into French, 110 & n.5, 582 & 583 n.31; CD discusses reticence 111 n.6, 216 & 217 n.4; reading room at Down about religion with, 462, 465 & 466 n.4; Descent, school, 517, 524 n.2, 525; supports bills extending errata in first printing, 92 & nn.1–4; discusses J.S. women’s rights, 129 n.3; warns CD he is sole sig- Mill with A.V. Dicey at Down, 461 & 462 n.4; natory of F.P.Cobbe’s petition for women’s prop- vice-principal and secretary, Working Men’s Col- erty rights, 129 &n.2; visits Down House, 582 & lege, 80 & 81 n.3, 144; visits Down, 34 n.4, 461 583 n.28 & 462 n.7; would like to call on Marian Evans Lucas, Prosper: effects of injury to mother on foe- (George Eliot), 144 &n.3 tus, 41 &n.8, 557 &n.8 Literary World:reviewofExpression, 587 Lucretius: expression of supplication, 3 & 6 n.13 Littré, Emile, and Robin, Charles: Dictionnaire de Ludwig, Carl Friedrich Wilhelm: A. Dohrn op- médecine, 5 & 7 n.23 poses views on morphology and evolution, 246 Lobelia: L. fulgens, fertilisation, 223; L. heterophylla, & 248 n.6 359 & 360 n.7; L. tenuior, 359 & 360 n.6 Luschan, Felix von: CD thanks for essays and pho- Lockyer, Joseph Norman: W. Carruthers offends, tographs, 203–4 & 204 n.1 29 & 30 n.9; editor, Nature, 18 & 19 n.2, 251 & 252 Luther, Martin: threw his inkstand at the devil, 185 n.8 &n.2 London Gazette: I. Dell’Oro, ‘Sericulture’, 199–200 & Lyell, Charles, 172 n.2; attends Philosophical Club 200 nn.1–2 though very feeble, 479; believes he has shaken London Quarterly Review:reviewofExpression, 588 & faith in the Deluge more effectively by not speak- n.9 ing out against the Bible, xxii, 461 & 462 n.5;V. Louis Napoleon (Napoleon III), 80 & 81 n.9 Dabney claims C. Lyell shows that Moses knew Lovèn, Sven: provides sample of Anelasma squalicola, about natural selection, 454 & 455 n.5;CDad- 248 & 249 n.16 mires 4th edition of Antiquity of man, 218–19 & 219 Lowe, Robert, Viscount Sherbrook: owns Lub- n.2; CD condoles with on death of M.E. Lyell, bocks’ angora cat, 14 &n.2 188 &n.2; CD invites to Down, 267 & 268 n.4, Lowne, Benjamin Thompson: CD admires Philoso- 402 &n.9; CD meets in London, 402 n.9, 494 phy of evolution, 241–2 & 242 nn.1–3;lawofcorre- &n.2, 582 & 583 n.33; CD recalls conversations lated nutrition, 241 & 242 n.3 in Hart Street (1836), 402 &n.9;deathofM.E. Loxolophodon cornulus: E.D. Cope discovers in Lyell, 184 &n.3, 186–7 & 187 n.4, 188 &n.2, 194 Wyoming, 103 n.1 & 195 n.4; T.H. Huxley fears for, 190 & 191 n.2; Lubbock, Amy Harriet, 14 &n.3 in Shropshire when CD plans to call, 169 &n.2;

770 Index

Lyell, Charles, cont. & 558 n.3 sends CD cutting from American newspaper, 271 Magazin für die Literatur des Auslandes:reviewofEx- & 272 n.2; subscribes to assist T.H. Huxley, 188 pression (H. Herrig), 588 & 589 n.13 n.4, 188 &n.3, 189 n.4, 189, 590–1, 591;taken Mahonia: CD’s experiments with, 341 n.3 ill in the street, 521 &n.8; travels to Switzer- Main, William: theory of lines, xviii, 150–1 & 151 land, 273 & 274 n.10, 388 & 389 n.11;A.R.Wal- nn.1–2 lace helped with recent new editions, 512–13 & Major, C.I. Forsyth: abandons plan to translate Ex- 513 n.2; S.V.Wood Jr, sterility of seedling apples, pression into Italian, 65 &n.2, 69 &n.2, 558–9 & 420–1 & 421 n.2, 471 & 472 n.12; S.V. Wood’s 559 n.2 seedling apples forwarded to CD, 387–8 & 389 Malthodes: preponderance of females, 357 & 357–8 nn.5–9, 401–2 & 402 nn.2–7, 420 & 421 n.2;S.V. nn.1–4 Wood Sr, crag molluscs, 386–7 & 389 nn.1–4, 425 Malva silvestris: H. Müller studies fertilisation of, 275 &n.1; works on new edition of Antiquity of man, & 276 n.4 187 &n.5 Manduca: preference for Solanaceae, 454–5 & 455 Lyell, Henry, 184 &n.2, 187 n.7 nn.1–4 Lyell, Katharine Murray, 191 &n.1; J.D. Hooker Mantegazza, Paolo: reviews Expression in Nuova An- visits on death of M.E. Lyell, 186 & 187 n.3, 187 tologia, 587, 588 & 589 n.12 &n.7; T.H. Huxley, subscribes to assist, 171 & Maori: declining population, 298 n.2 n.4, 177 &n.4, 590–1; T.H. Huxley, suggests sub- Marsh, George Perkins, 416 & 417 n.9 scription to E. Darwin, xx, 161 n.2, 582 & 583 Marsh, Othniel Charles: CD very interested in pa- n.13, 590; visits CD in London, 590 pers on fossil finds in America, 54–5 & 55 nn.1– Lyell, Marianne: CD invites to Down, 402 &n.9; 2; publishes on Ichthyornis and Dinocerata, 220 & travels to Switzerland with C. Lyell, 274 n.10 nn.9–10 Lyell, Mary Elizabeth: sudden death of, 184 &n.3, Marshall, John: Outlines of physiology, 424 &n.6 186–7 & 187 nn.2–4, 188 &n.5, 188 &n.2, 191 Martin, John Royle: Artizans, Labourers, & Gen- n.1, 194 & 195 n.4, 267 & 268 n.4, 272 n.2, 274 eral Dwellings Co., minutes of general meeting, n.10 85–6 & 86 n.1 Lyttelton, George William Spencer, 120 & 121 n.4 Martineau, James: friends raised subscription of £5800, 161 &n.4 Macaca nigra. See Cynopithecus niger Martins, Charles Frédéric: biographical introduc- Macacus: M. cyclopis, 139 n.7; M. inornatus embed- tion to new edition of Lamarck’s Philosophie zo- ded caudal vertebrae analogous to human coc- ologique, 260 & 261 n.2, 566 & 567 n.2; Classical cyx, 134 n.2; M. rhesus (M. mulatta), 138 & 139 n.7 sculpture depicts mutability of species, 260–1 & Macaulay, Thomas Babington: mastery of style 261 n.3, 566–7 & 567 n.3; unable to undertake achieved by many revisions, 215 &n.5 translation of Origin 6th ed. into French, 110 & McCormick, Robert: surgeon, Beagle expedition, 111 n.4 172 n.2 Martius, Karl Friedrich Philipp von: cited in Ex- McCoy, Charles Perry Frederick: bishop of Mel- pression on blushing in Brazilian native peoples, bourne, 291–2 & 294 n.2 104 & 107 n.4, 105 Macdonald, John Denis: paper on distribution of Marx, Karl: sends CD volume I of Das Kapital, 2d invertebrates submitted to Royal Society, 59 & ed., xxiv, 428 &n.1 n.1, 63 & nn.2–3 Masłowski, Ludwik: translation of Descent into Pol- Macmillan & Co.: A.W. Bennett urges to publish ish, 87 &n.7, 213–14 & 214 nn.2 & 4, 559 & 560 A. Gray’s botany primers, 125 &n.2; J.D. Hooker n.7, 563–4 & 564 nn.2 & 4 agrees to write botany primer, 82 &n.4; publish- Massachusetts State Board of Agriculture: L. Agas- ers of Nature, 68, 121 &n.3 siz presents paper attempting to refute Darwin- Macmillan’s Magazine: G.H. Darwin, ‘Development ism, 90 & 91 n.1 in dress’, 112 &n.6; D.A. Spalding, instinct in Masters, George, 482 & 483 n.5; collected for G. young animals, 69 & 71 n.3, 73 & 74 n.5, 119 & Krefft, 201 & 202 nn.5–6 120 n.2 Masters, Maxwell Tylden: hopes to consult CD on McNabb, William Ramsay: absorption of water by changes to Gardeners’ Chronicle, 419 & 420 n.1, 423 leaves, 359 & 361 n.9 &n.2 Macroglossa stellatarum (Macroglossum stellatarum): at- Maudsley, Henry: asks J. Crichton-Browne to re- tracted to floral wallpaper, 47–8 & 48 n.3, 557–8 view Expression, 99 & 100 n.3

Index 771

Maunder, Samuel: Treasury of natural history, 9 & 12 119 &n.4, 560 &n.4 n.21 Michelet, Jules: illness, 119 n.3, 560 n.2 Max Müller, Friedrich: J.V.Carus visits in Oxford, Mill, James: urged J.S. Mill never to express his re- 298 & 299 n.2; CD respects his views but remains ligious convictions, 461 & 462 n.4 committed to his theory of descent, xxi, 276; dif- Mill, John Stuart: CD envies J.J. Weir his acquain- fers from CD in believing language is unique to tance with, 227;deathof,228 n.5; expression humans, 207 n.3, 272 &n.2; ‘Lectures on Mr. when concentrating, 350 & 352 n.3; influence in- Darwin’s philosophy of language’, 272 &n.1, 276, creased through silence on religious beliefs, xxii, 372 & 373 n.9; unconscious Darwinism, 372 & 461 & 462 n.4, 465 & 466 n.4; principle of asso- 373 n.9 ciation, 351 & 352 n.5 Maxwell, James Clerk: BAAS, Bradford meeting, Miller, William Allen: death of (1870), 380 & 381 address on molecules, 399 & 400 n.12, 419 &n.4, n.7 465 & 466 n.3 Mimosa: CD experiments with leaf movement, 335 Meckel, Johann Friedrich: editor, Deutsches Archiv für & 336 n.10; W.E. Darwin continues CD’s exper- die Physiologie, 58 &n.3 iments on, 340 & 341 n.2, 349–50, 358–9 & 359 Meehan, Thomas: colour and health of plants, 101, n.4;effect of water on leaves, 331 & 332 n.6;sleep 103 & nn.4–6; fertilisation of asparagus, 231 & movements, 37 &n.6; M. albida, 468 &n.4; M. al- 232 nn.1 & 5; morphology of Pedicularis canadensis, bida, CD cossets, 520, 521; M. albida, CD receives 526 &n.1; sends CD his ‘Sexual science’, 103 & from Kew, 384–5 & 385 n.3, 399 &n.5, 457, 479 103–4 n.7, 130 & 131 n.3; sends CD photograph & 481 n.4, 485, 490 & 491 n.2, 493 & 494 n.4, of E.D. Cope, 101 & 103 n.1, 102, 130 & 131 n.2; 507 &n.2, 548 n.7; M. albida, movement, 519–20 sent papers to CD in 1871, 101 & 103 n.2;views & nn.1–2, 520; M. albida, sensitivity to water, 360 on origin of genera differ from CD’s theory of & 361 nn.14–15, 378, 382 &n.2; M. bubal,CD natural selection, 101 & 103 n.3 seeks from Kew, 457; M. marginata (M. schleidenii), Megalophrys: A. Günther revises description of sex- 439 &n.1; M. pudica, bloom, 470 & 472 n.6; M. ual differences, 252–3 & 253 n.1, 254 pudica, movement of leaves, 520; M. sensitiva,CD Megathiris. See Argiope recalls in Brazil, 378 Meitzen, Ernst: sends CD his poems on nature of Mirabilis longiflora, 359 creation, xxiii, 45–6 & 46 n.1 Mishnah Peah: ownership of grain in ant holes, 346 Melbourne, Lord. See Lamb, William, Viscount & 348 n.4, 355 Melbourne Mitchell, Silas Weir, 416 & 417 n.8 Meldola, Raphael: asks whether large variations Mivart, St George Jackson: criticised CD’s views are more frequently inherited by one sex than on rudimentary structures, 393 & 394 n.9;hos- small ones, 322, 329 &n.2; butterflies’ ocelli, sex- tile review of Descent in Quarterly Review, 193 & 194 ual differences, 135–6 & 136 n.1, 137 &n.1;pro- n.3, 195 &n.7; T.H. Huxley’s riposte to, 191 & 192 tective colouring in insects, 136 &n.3, 322 &n.1, n.7; opposed to CD’s theories, 246 & 248 n.3 329 &n.1 Moggridge, John Traherne: ants may be deterred Melipona: F. Müller works on, 352–3 & 353 n.2 by a finger, xix, 300 & 301 n.3; believes instinct Melolontha: feed on Eucalyptus, 482 & 483 n.7 arises from inherited experience, disagreeing Le mémorial diplomatique:reviewofExpression (J.H. with A.R. Wallace, xix, 62 & nn.2–3;continues Vignaud), 588 & 589 n.15 study of trapdoor spiders, 119 & 120 n.2, 291 Merriam, Arthur William: sends CD clippings & nn.3–5; CD and J.D. Hooker intrigued that from New Orleans ridiculing Darwinism, 172 & seeds stored in ants’ nests do not germinate, 82 nn.1–2 &n.3, 82 & 83 n.2; CD experiments with ef- Mesembrianthemum: leaf arrangement, 412 & 415 n.8 fect of formic acid on germination of seeds, 119 Messor: See Atta & 120 n.1; CD sends observations on ants to Metopiana peposaca (Netta peposaca): plumage, 117 & J.D. Hague, 186 &n.2, 268 & 269 n.2;experi- 118 n.2 ments with effects of formic acid on seeds, 299 Meyer, Ludwig, 417 n.4; Woolnerian tip the result & 300 n.3, 301 &n.1, 343–6 & 347–8 nn.1–3, of random variability, 545 & 546 n.1 346, 347, 355 & nn.1–2, 305–6 & 306 nn.1–3, Michelet, Athénaïs: cares for her husband and or- 489–90 & 490 nn.2–5; Harvesting ants and trap-door phaned grandchildren, 119 &n.3, 560 &n.3; Ex- spiders, 57 & 58 n.9, 62 &n.1, 82 & nn.2–3, 186 pression, thanks CD for presentation, 118–19 & n.2; observes Californian trapdoor spider, 291 119 n.2, 560 &n.2; history and behaviour of cats, &n.4; Ophrys apifera, self-fertilisation, 299–300 &

772 Index

Moggridge, John Traherne, cont. fected quality of translation of Origin, 109–10 & 300 n.5; Ophrys apifera var. trollii found in Reigate, 110–11 n.2; translation of Descent not ideal, 216 & 300 &n.6; Ophrys insectifera, sends CD German n.2 translation of paper on, 290–1 & 291 n.1. 299 & Mudd, William, 457 n.3 300 n.4; winters in Menton for his health, 291 Müller, Charles J., 477 n.3, 300 n.2 Müller, Fritz: admires his brother’s work on fertili- Molina, Juan Ignacio: described huemul, 64 &n.2 sation of flowers, 213 &n.3; classification of Rhi- Monk, Thomas James, 500 &n.2 zocephala, 247 & 248–9 nn.11 & 14; cross- and monkeys: attention-seeking behaviour, 74 &n.2 self-fertilisation, experiments, xvi, 221 & 223 n.2; Monomorium pharaonsis, 157 n.3 Facts and arguments for Darwin finally in profit, 407 Moore, Norman: prescribes colchicum for A. &n.2; Insectivorous plants, presentation, 407 &n.5; Parslow’s gout, 98 &n.4 studies mimicry in butterflies and natural history Moore, Samuel William: acknowledged in Insectiv- of termites, 221–2 & 223 n.8; works on Brazilian orous plants, 441 n.3; admires CD’s works, 434–5; honey bees, 352–3 & 353 n.2 sends CD chlorophyll and globulin, 440 & 441 Müller, Hermann: admires Expression, 220–1; Be- nn.2–3; supplies CD with animal substances for fruchtung der Blumen durch Insekten, CD admires, experiments, 384 &n.2, 396 & 397 n.5, 398 & 97–8 & 98 n.1, 204 & 205 n.1, 239 &n.2, 251 n.1, 422 & 423 n.4, 429 & nn.2–5, 435 &n.3, 514 & 252 n.1, 407 &n.3; Befruchtung der Blumen,G. &n.3, 453 &n.2, 529 & nn.3–4; thanks CD for Bentham praises, 271 n.6, 275 n.1; Befruchtung der copies of his books, 440 & 441 n.1 Blumen, CD orders for Royal Society, 204 & 205 Moore, William James: experiments on tumbling n.5; Befruchtung der Blumen, CD praises to A.W. pigeons, 137 &n.1, 153 & 155 n.7 Bennett, 203 &n.1, 209–10 & 210 n.1; Befruch- Morgan, Lewis Henry, 448 n.4 tung der Blumen, CD recommends to T.H. Far- Morley, John: Life of Voltaire, 461 & 462 n.8 rer, F. Delpino and W. Ogle, 194 &n.1, 200 & Morning Post:reviewofExpression, 587 & 588 n.7 n.1, 198 & 199 n.5, 205 &n.1; Befruchtung der Morse, Edward Sylvester: CD praises essay on Bra- Blumen includes review of literature, 204 & 205 chiopoda, 383 & nn.1–4; CD recommends paper n.3, 205 &n.2; Befruchtung der Blumen,reception, on Brachiopoda to E. Haeckel, 406 &n.5; sup- 213, 352 & 353 n.1; Befruchtung der Blumen,report for evolution, 377 &n.4 view in Academy (A.W. Bennett), 209–10 & 210 Moschkau, Alfred: asks CD to review forthcom- n.1, 352 & 353 n.1; Corydalis, sends CD report ing papers, 495, 528 &n.3, 577 &n.3, 575–6; of R. Caspary’s findings on fertilisation of, 275 CD sends Origin and Descent, 528, 541–2 & 542 &n.2; cross- and self-fertilisation, sends CD F. n.2, 577, 579–80 & 580 n.2; CD’s health prevents Müller’s results and his own findings, xvi, 221– him from corresponding, 545; Harz mountain 2 & 223 nn.2–7, 275 & 276 n.4; cross- and self- canaries, 528 & 528–9 n.5, 577 &n.5; lectures on fertilisation, CD reaches similar conclusions, 239 Darwinism, 542, 580; recommends E. Haeckel’s & 240 n.3; Cypripedium, mechanism of fertilisa- Natürliche Schöpfungsgeschichte in local journal, 542 tion, 371 &n.3; CD arranges for G. Bentham’s &n.3, 580 &n.3; talking starling, 545 &n.2 Linnean Society address to be sent to, 270;F. Mostyn-Owen, Arthur: CD accidentally shot in Delpino criticises methodology, 259 & 260 n.9, the eye, 226 &n.5, 236 & 237 nn.3–4;decrease 264, 565–6 & 566 nn.9–10; genealogy of bees, of game due to trimming of hedges, 226;finds 222 & 223 n.8; humble-bees, unable to pursue sketch of CD by F. Biddulph, 226 &n.2;rec- research due to plague of fieldmice, 98 &n.3; ommends charcoal water for health, 236–7;will looks forward to CD’s work on fertilisation, 251 hang CD’s portrait alongside R.W.Darwin’s, 236 & 252 n.2; F. Müller works on Brazilian honey & 237 n.2 bees, 352–3 & 353 n.2; Nature, receives copies in Mostyn-Owen, Charles, 226 n.1, 237 n.5 exchange for promise of contributions, 251 & 252 Mostyn-Owen, Francis, 226 n.1, 237 n.5 n.8; plant fertilisation, experiments suggested by Mostyn-Owen, William, Sr, 237 n.5 CD, 221 & 223 n.5; secretion of nectar by grasses, Motacilla (wagtail), 265 & 266 n.2; hybrids, 500 & 231 & 232 n.2; sends CD Ranunculus ficaria bulbifera n.2 in seed, 213 &n.4; thanks CD for sending papers, Moulinié, Jean Jacques: ill-health compelled to 274–5 & 275 n.1; Viola tricolor var. arvensis, fertili- abandon translation of Expression, 212 n.2, 563 sation, 221–2 & 223 n.3, 251 & 252 nn.3–4 n.2; C-F. Reinwald pays his mother a lump sum Müller, Johannes Peter: experiments on artificial for copyrights, 110 & 111 n.5; terminal illness af- digestion, 380 & 381 n.10

Index 773

Murchison, Roderick Impey, 191 & 192 n.10 ter reading room, 517 & nn.1–3, 523–4 & 524 Murie, James: cited in Descent, 134 n.2; CD sub- n.2, 525–6 & 526 nn.1–5, 544–5 & 545 n.1, 549 scribes to fund for, 134 &n.2 & nn.1–2 Murray, John: CD asks to refrain from premature Natural History Museum: scientists’ memorial ad- announcement of book on evils of interbreed- vocates that Kew retain its herbarium alongside ing, xvii, 202 &n.1, 202 &n.2, 210;CDpays National Museum’s, 42–4 & 44–5 nn.2–5 for presentations, 401 &n.2, 402 & 403 n.2, 407 Nature: A.W.Bennett resigns as subeditor, 121 &n.2, & 409 n.2;CDpreparestwosmallbooksthat 125; A.W.Bennett suggested naturalists study fer- will sell sparingly, 403 &n.5; CD’s publisher, 28 tilisation of plants by insects, 204 & 205 n.2;A.W. &n.2, 214 n.6, 564 n.6; Climbing plants, 2d ed., Bennett, biological subeditor, 205 n.2, 223 n.4; 121 n.3; Coral reefs, CD will approach to reprint if A.W. Bennett, fertilisation of Viola tricolor, 210 & Smith, Elder decline, 543 &n.6; Descent,remain- n.4, 221 & 223 n.4, 223 &n.10, 232 nn.1 & 4, ing stock, 519 &n.3; Expression, confusion about 251 & 252 n.8; J.S. Burdon Sanderson, contrac- Italian translation, 65 n.2, 559 n.2; Expression, tion in leaves of Dionaea, 327 n.7; J.S. Burdon CD would make heavy corrections to new edi- Sanderson, experiments with spontaneous gen- tion, 402–3; Expression,paysCD£1050 for first eration, 262 &n.2; CD, ‘Perception in the lower 7000 copies, 68 & nn.2–3; Expression,reprint,109 animals’, 502 n.4; CD, cirripede males and com- n.6; Expression, supplies heliotypes for foreign edi- plemental males, 390–4 & 394 nn.2–10, 441 & tions, 61 n.3; Expression, unable to begin new edi- 443 n.2, 572 & 574 n.2; CD, rudimentary struc- tion as stocks remain unsold, 401; Orchids,sales, tures, 393–4 & 394 n.9, 406 &n.3; CD advises 407–9 & 409 n.3; published F. Müller’s Facts and F.B. Goodacre to write to proposing museum of arguments for Darwin, 407 n.2; publishes T. Belt’s domestic animals, 68 & 69 n.3; CD publishes Naturalist in Nicaragua, 312 & 313 n.2; publishes J.D. Hague’s letters on ants’ perception, xix, 91 W.E. Gladstone’s address on abstract science in n.1, 155–7 & 157 nn.1–3, 158 & 159 n.3, 186 & England, France and Germany, 30 n.13; stocks of n.2, 269 n.3, 300 & 301 n.2; CD publishes squib Origin, Variation, Descent and Expression, 408 & 409 ridiculing L. Agassiz’s views, 90 & 91 n.2, 121 & n.4; trade sale, 54 &n.2, 402–3 & 403 n.3, 408; 122 n.2; CD sends to G.H. Darwin in Cannes, A.R. Wallace assumes to have initiated invitation 112; CD sends W. Huggins’s letter on inherited to revise Descent, 513 &n.5 instinct in dogs, xix, 69–71 & 71 nn.2–9, 71 & musk ox (Ovibos moschatus): stamping, 16 & 17 n.2 n.3, 72 & 73 n.1; CD, origin of instincts, 151–5 Myers, Arthur Thomas: attends séance with G.H. & 155 nn.2–10; G.H. Darwin, clarification of Darwin, 517–18 & 518 n.3 CD’s letter on gradual disappearance of useless Myers, Frederic William Henry: attends séance organs, 433 &n.2, 434 & nn.2–3, 436–7 & 437 with G.H. Darwin, 518 n.5 n.4, 437; G.H. Darwin, human tendency to walk Myosotis: fertilisation of M. versicolor and M. minimus, in a circle to the left when lost, 205 & 206 n.4; 221 & 223 n.6 A. Dohrn’s zoological station at Naples, 241 n.4; Myrmecocystus mexicanus: H. Edwards’s account of, T.H. Farrer, floral morphology of Coronilla, 332 294 &n.2 nn.3–4; homing instincts of animals, CD enters Mythimna pudorina: feeds on Glyceria fluitans, 217 & correspondence on, 123–4 & 124 n.2, 127;J.D. 218 n.3, 232 n.1 Hooker’s election to Belgian Academy of Sci- ence, 27 & 28 n.7; H.H. Howorth, letters on Nägeli, Carl Wilhelm: believes in native tendency distribution of volcanoes, 552–3 & 553 nn.1–2; to progressive development, 96 &n.5 inherited instinct, debate on, 206 & 206–7 n.1; Napoleon III: Cannes boatman regards as a traitor, instinct and perception in animals, correspon- 80–1 & 81 n.9 dence, 237 & 238 nn.1–2; J.N. Lockyer, editor, 18 Nash, Wallis: winter reading room at Down & 19 n.2, 121 n.2, 205 n.2, 221 & 223 n.4, 251 & School, 252 n.8; J.C. Maxwell, ‘Final state of a system Nasse, Christian Friedrich: cited in Expression 2d of molecules in motion’, 419 n.4, 465 & 466 n.3; ed., 58 n.3 H. Müller receives in exchange for promise of Nathusius, Hermann Engelhard von: rudimentary contributions, 251 & 252 n.8; Naples zoological horns of castrated sheep, 534 &n.7 station, 241 n.4; A. Newton, coloration of cuckoo National Reformer: reviewer puzzled by Fair haven [S. eggs, 266 n.3; Royal Society, minutes relating to Butler], 173 & 174 n.5 payment of secretaries, 547 n.3;P.L.Sclater, National School, Down: use of schoolroom as win- principles for national museum of natural

774 Index

Nature, cont. Noll, Friedrich Karl, 584, 585 history, 294 n.6; P.G. Tait attacks J. Tyndall North American: J. Fiske, ‘The progress from brute to forinsinuating that J.D. Forbes had plagiarised L. man’, 473 &n.5, 484 & 485 n.6 Rendu’s work on movement of glaciers, 382 & Norton, Charles Eliot: J.D. Hooker seeks to con- n.4, 385 & 386 n.4, 399 & 400 n.6, 419 &n.3; tact, 382 & 383 n.9, 384 & 385 n.2, 385, 399 & C.W. Thomson, report on the Challenger deep- 400 n.2; visits Down, 34 &n.4, 245 &n.7, 383 sea dredging expedition, 390 & 394 n.2;J.Tyn- n.9 dall replies to P.G. Tait’s allegations, 399 & 400 Norton, Jane: visits Down, 34 &n.4, 57 & 58 n.10, n.6, 419 &n.3; A.R. Wallace attributes homing 245 n.7, 582 & 583 n.5 instinct in animals to sense of smell, xix, 83 & 84 Norton, Susan Ridley Sedgwick: visited Down, 245 n.2, 132 n.2, 132 n.3, 238 n.2; A.R. Wallace, re- &n.7 view of T. Belt’s Naturalist in Nicaragua, 502 &n.2 Novocrania. See Crania Der Naturforscher: E. Hecker, physiology of laughter, Nuova Antologia:reviewofExpression (P. Man- 3 & 6 n.10 tegazza), 587, 588 & 589 n.12 Nelumbium, 332 & 333 n.2 Nycticryphes semicollaris, 118 n.8 Nepenthes: E. Faivre’s experiments on, 359 & 361 Nymphicus hollandicus. See Calopsitta novae hollandiae n.11; J.D. Hooker’s experiments on, 382 & 383 n.8, 385 & 386 n.6, 459 & 459–60 nn.1–2, 464, Odling, William: CD thanks for distilled water, 422 466 &n.1, 468, 469 & 470 nn.2–4, 473 & 475 & 423 n.3 nn.2–3, 479 & 481 n.7, 520 &n.5, 521 &n.4; Ogle, William: Aristotle noted that tunnies swim A. Voelcker’s analysis of chemical composition from right to left, 205 & 206 n.4; botanical expe- of fluid, 460 &n.2 ditions to Italian lakes, 205 & 206 n.3;CDcom- Neptunia: CD seeks plants but despairs of finding, mends H. Müller’s book, 205 &n.1, 205;nom- 457, 459 & 460 n.3, 464 &n.3, 455 & 456 n.4 inated officer of health in north Hertfordshire, Netta peposaca. See Metopiana peposaca 205 & 206 n.3; papers on fertilisation of plants, Neue Freie Presse: publishes gazette during Vienna 205 n.2 exposition, 78–9 & 79 n.1 Old and New: T. Meehan, ‘Sexual science’, 103 & Neumann von Spallart, Franz Xaver: invites CD 103–4 n.7 to be correspondent for Vienna exhibition’s Oliver, Daniel: CD seeks views on absorption by gazette, 78–9 & 79 n.1 glandular hairs of plants, 27 & 28 n.8 New Orleans Times: article ridiculing Darwinism, 172 O’Malley, Joseph: Noah’s Ark vindicated, 292 & 294 & nn.1–2 n.3 New York Tribune:reviewofExpression, 588; reports Ophrys: J.T.Moggridge’s paper on O. insectifera, 290– G.S. Swallow’s paper on Origin, 372 & 373 n.4, 1 & 291 n.1, 299 & 300 n.4; O. apifera and O. 377; W.D. Whitney’s account of Hayden expedi- apifera var. aurita, adaptation for self-fertilisation, tion to Colorado, 327 &n.1 299–300 & 300 n.5; O. apifera var. trollii found in Newman, Ashwin Conway, 58 & 59 n.2 Reigate, 300 &n.6 Newton, Alfred, 266 n.3 Origanum vulgare: fertilisation, 223; J.D. Hooker Newton, Isaac: CD as natural history’s Newton (R. identifies for CD, 359 & 360 n.3, 378 &n.2, 382 Smith), 89; proposed payment to secretaries of &n.2 Royal Society, 547 &n.4 Origin of species, 24 &n.1; birds on remote oceanic is- Nichols, Edwin, 70 & 71 n.9 lands acquire instinctive fear of man, 69 & 71 n.4; Nicols, Arthur: cats’ sense of smell is less acute Cirripedia, fertilisation of two hermaphrodites is than dogs’, 131–2, 132 &n.3; CD supported ap- possible, 394 n.7; dandelion’s beautifully plumed plication to Zoological Society, 230 & 231 n.1; seeds, 35 &n.3;CDspent20 years preparing, flamingo exhibits nursing instinct, 230 & 231 n.3; 234; J. Farr admires, 281 &n.2;honey-making homing instincts of animals, disagrees with A.R. ants, 294 n.2; humble-bees, numbers depen- Wallace, 83–4 & 84 nn.1–3, 131 & 132 n.2, 132 & dent on number of fieldmice, 98 n.3;Hungar- n.3 ian translation (L. Dapsy), xxiv, 240 &n.2;laws Nitella: T.H. Huxley has not had time to investigate, impressed on matter by the Creator, 159 & 160 487 &n.5, 488 n.4; A. Moschkau admires, 495 &n.2, 575–6 Noad, Henry Minchin: may be able to supply ani- & 576 n.2; neuter insects, 35 &n.2, 152 & 155 mal substances for CD’s research, 384 &n.2, 396 n.3; R. Owen’s hostile review of, 33 n.3;review & 397 n.5 by H.C.F. Jenkin, 196 &n.3;separationofthe

Index 775

sexes, 271 n.5; C.K. Sprengel failed to fully per- xix, 234 & 235 n.7 ceive that cross-fertilisation was the final end of Pall Mall Gazette:reviewofExpression, 588 the structure of flowers, 204 & 205 n.4; Trifolium, Panagaeus crux-major, 341 & 342 n.3 pollination by bees, 260 n.10, 566 n.10;tumbler pangenesis hypothesis: CD continues to believe in, pigeons show selection of a naturally occurring 241 & 242 n.2; CD’s notes in copy of J. Paget’s trait, 70 & 71 n.5 Lectures, 242 n.3; F. Galton attempt to prove by Origin, 4th ed.: natural increase in elephant popu- transfusing rabbits, 25 & 26 n.10; E.E. Klein’s lation, 174 n.2 discovery about toad’s ova has no bearing on, Origin, 6th ed.: 3000 sold and reprint needed, 54 2 &n.3; B.T. Lowne thinks extremely probable, &n.1; Australian cuckoos choose nests resem- 241 & 242 n.2; theory has been reviled but CD bling their own, 265–6 n.1; E.D. Cope’s views continues to believe that generation of cells de- discussed, 96 & 97 n.11; CD corrects calculation termines inheritance, 49 &n.5 of increase of elephant population, 174 & 175 n.4; Papilio sarpedon (Graphium sarpedon): G. Krefft sends CD regrets price was not lower, 134 & 135 n.3; CD photograph of, 201 & 202 n.5 presentations, 74 & 75 n.4, 201 & 202 n.8;rarity Parkes, Henry: G. Krefft obtains CD’s autograph a precursor of extinction, 472 n.13;sales,403 & for, 363 &n.6, 482 & 483 n.1; supports Australian n.4, 408 & 409 n.4, 409; R. Smith admires, 89 & Museum’s explorations, 482 n.1 Parslow, Arthur: N. Moore prescribes colchicum Origin, French edition: difficulties arising from war for treatment of gout, 98 &n.4 and J.J. Moulinié‘s illness, 109–10 & 110–11 nn.1– Parslow, Joseph: CD’s butler, 98 n.4 2; C.-F. Reinwald plans new translation, 109–10 Pascal, Blaise: mastery of style achieved by many &111 n.3 revisions, 215 &n.4 Origin, German ed.: CD’s portrait, 203 n.3;sales, Passer montanus, 343 n.10 582 & 583 n.35 Payne, George: T.H. Farrer’s gardener, CD con- Orpington station: nearest station to Down, 315 sults on effect of water on leaves, 321 &n.3, 322, n.3, 458 &n.4, 471, 507;parcelsforDownHouse 324, 331 & 332 n.6, 338 &n.2 delivered to, 33, 37 & 38 n.8, 38 Pearson, Charles, 526 n.4 Osler, William: researches composition of the Pedicularis canadensis: fertilisation, 526 &n.1 blood, 302 & 303 n.7, 303 &n.3 Peel, Jonathan: comments on Descent, 533 & 534 Owen, Richard: addresses Royal Society on elec- nn.1–8; lonk sheep, females lose horns, 533 & 534 tions and payment of secretaries, 530 & 532 n.3, n.5, 540 &n.2 547 &n.2; CD’s hostility to, 32 & 33 n.3;CD Peel, Robert: died from perforated appendix, 533 longs to hear more about ‘the fiend’, 535 &n.4; & 534 n.2 hostility towards CD and J.D. Hooker, 36 &n.8; Pelargonium zonale: CD doses with carbonate of am- national herbarium, dispute with J.D. Hooker on monia, 26–7 & 27 n.2 creation of, 30 n.8 Pengelly, William: cleverness and homing instincts Oxalis: O. rosea, F. Hildebrand investigates fertili- of dogs, 127–8, 131; CD recalls meeting in sation of, 229 n.6; O. sensitiva (Biophytum umbrac- Torquay, 131 &n.2; CD sends five guineas for ulum), CD obtains seedlings from Kew and re- testimonial, 541 &n.1 quests seed, 57 &n.5, 328 &n.3, 333 &n.7, 339 Perry, Charles, bishop of Melbourne: opposition to &n.2, 548 n.7 Darwinism, 291–2 & 294 n.2 Petunia violacea (P.integrifolia), 359 & 360 n.4 Paget, James: cited in Descent on long eyebrow hairs Pflüger, Eduard Friedrich Wilhelm: experiments being a family trait, 416 & 417 n.6; CD thinks on reflexes of decapitated frogs, 38 & 39 n.4 children born circumcised may demonstrate in- Phalanger, 482 & 483 n.8 heritance, 58–9 & 59 nn.2–3; B.T. Lowne differs Phaseolus: P. multiflorus (P. coccineus), CD investigates from views on excretion, 241 & 242 n.3;regards cultivation in Italy, 198 & 199 n.4; P. multiflorus, G. Henslow’s case as hopeless, 170 &n.2; sends J.D. Hooker identifies for CD, 359 & 360 n.2; P. CD drawings of unusually hairy ear that may il- multiflorus, intercrossing, 258 & 259 n.6, 565 & 566 lustrate reversion, 46 & 47 n.1, 47, 49; sends CD n.6; P.vulgaris, 359 & 360 n.5 passage from Chaucer, 14 &n.2; subscribes to Philosophical Club, Royal Society of London, 479 assist T.H. Huxley, 189 n.4, 591 &n.4;welcomes & 481 n.8 Expression, 109 &n.3 Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London: Paley, William: CD studied logic of at Cambridge, T.H. Huxley arranges presentation to Naples

776 Index

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, from California to British Museum, 253 &n.3, cont. 254 &n.3 Zoological Station, 505 &n.6;V.O.Kovalevsky, Physostigma venenosum (calabar bean): physiological ‘Osteology of the Hyopotamidae’, 219 & 220 n.5, effects of, 262 & 263 n.4 224 & 225 n.2 Pictet de la Rive, François Jules, 282 n.2, 567 n.2 Phoebus, Philipp: study of hay fever, 280 &n.3 Pieris: P. rapae and P. n a p i fertilise Viola tricolor, 251 & photography: K. von Baer sends CD his photo- 252 n.4 graph and requests CD’s carte de visite, 203 & pigeons: tumbling, 137 &n.3, 153–4 & 155 nn.6 & 8 n.2; T.L. Brunton studies photograph of Dresden pigs: draw back ears when fighting, 106 & 108 n.10, painting, 527 &n.2; A.A.L.P. Cochrane will take 113, 115–16 & 116 n.5; interbreeding of common photographic equipment on West Pacific cruise, and New Guinea species, 483 244; E.D. Cope, with fossil found in Wyoming, Pisum sativum: CD investigates cultivation in Italy, sent by T. Meehan, 101 & 103 n.1, 102, 130 & 198 & 199 n.4; intercrossing, 258 & 259 n.7, 565 131 n.2; J. Crichton-Browne photographs his wife & 566 n.7; often visited by bees, 264 &n.3 demonstrating expressions, 175 & 176 n.1, 177; Pit River Indians: expressions, 255 & 257 nn.6–8 J. Crichton-Browne plans photographic study of Plato: Laws, 372 & 373 n.8 general paralysis, 550; J. Crichton-Browne sends Playfair, Lyon: Liebig memorial appeal, 227 &n.4 CD photographs of inmates of West Riding Asy- Poa: P. annua,petalofGlyceria fluitans resembles, 252 lum, 97 n.4, 99 & 101 n.5, 100, 109;CDfound &n.9; P. annua, secretion of nectar, 231–2 & 232 photographs incomparably better than drawing n.3; P.aquatica probably has nectar, 218 n.3 for exhibiting expression, 551;CDoffers to send Polygonaceae: leaf arrangement, 410 & 415 n.5, 411 photograph for Hungarian translation of Ori- Polyommatus: fertilises Viola tricolor, 251 & 252 n.4 gin, 250–1 & 251 n.3; CD sends G. Krefft’s pho- Pope, Alexander: Essay on man, 281 &n.1 tographs of aboriginal skulls to G. Busk, 74 & 75 Popular Science Monthly: J. Fiske, ‘Agassiz and Dar- n.3; CD sends his photograph to J. Farr, 281, winism’, 473 & nn.5–6. 484 & 485 n.5 285–6; CD sends photographs to T. Meehan Pouchet, Félix-Archimède, 282 n.2, 567 n.2 and J. Rosengarten, 101; CD sends photographs Powell, Henry: supported reading room at Down to Utrecht students with thanks for their appre- school, 525 & 526 n.3 ciation, 134; CD thanks unknown correspon- Pozzi, Samuel Jean: word for toad does not express dent for charming photograph of children, 79; swelling in other European languages, 211 & 212 CD’s portrait published in German translation n.4, 218 &n.1 of Origin, 203 n.3; N. Doedes and J.C. Costerus Praxiteles, 416 & 417 n.5 send CD their photograph, frontispiece, 141; J.L.H. Primula: cross- and self-fertilisation, 217 &n.1; P. Down sends CD photograph of ear of micro- sinensis, absorption by glandular hairs, 440 n.4 cephalic idiot, 546 &n.2; Expression,photograph Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadel- demonstrating grief, 19 n.5; E. Haeckel sends phia: O.C. Marsh, fossil finds in America, 55 & CD photograph of his children, 443 & 444 n.11, n.2; T. Meehan, fertilisation of asparagus, 232 n.1 574 &n.11; R. Hennig seeks CD’s photograph Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society:R.Stra- for popular history of progress of natural sci- chey, ‘On the scope of scientific geography’, 36 ence, 235–6;G.Krefft sends CD photograph &n.7, 37 &n.3 of fossil human molar, 293 & 294 n.7;G.Kr- Proceedings of the Royal Society: H. Airy, leaf arrange- efft sends CD photograph of his son, 478 & 479 ment (abstract), 51 n.2, 125–6 & 127 n.1, 415 n.11; n.6;G.Krefft sends CD photographs of Queens- J.S. Burdon Sanderson, experiments on electri- land blacks and men of New Guinea, 201 & 202 cal phenomena in leaves of Dionaea, 327 n.7;J.D. nn.7 & 9, 290 &n.2; F. von Luschan sends CD Macdonald, ‘On the distribution of invertebrates photographs of human fossils, 203–4 & 204 n.1; in relation to the theory of evolution’, 63 & nn.2– Papilio sarpedon,G.Krefft sends CD photograph 3 of, 201 & 202 n.5; A. Reuter sends CD photo- Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London:R.Mel- graph of diseased roebuck, 161, 163 & nn.2–4, dola, variable protective colouring in insects, 322 178; Szekely of Transylvania, L. Felméri sends n.1 photographs of, 22 & 23 n.6; W.S. Wade sends Pronuba yuccasella (Tegeticula yuccasella), 252 n.6 CD photographs of inherited ankyloblepharon, Prunella modulara (hedge sparrow), 265 & 266 n.2 373–4 & 377 n.1, 374–6, 465 &n.2 Prunus laurocerasus: hive-bees visit undersides of Phrynosoma: A.R. Wallace brings living specimen young leaves, 316 &n.3

Index 777

Pryor, Marlborough Robert: friend of F. Darwin, scratching the head, 105–6 & 108 n.8 98; visits Down, 99 n.6 Reeks, John, 106 & 108 n.11 Pterostylis: T.F. Cheeseman’s paper on New Zealand Reeks, Julia Ann, 106 & 108 n.12 species, 269–70 & 270 nn.1 & 3, 371 & nn.2 & 4; Reeks, William L.P., 104 & 107 n.3, 115 & 116 n.4 fertilisation, 269–70 & 270 nn.1 & 3 Reichenbach, Heinrich Gustav: translates J.T. puff adder (Clotho arietans, Bitis arietans), 212, 218 & Moggridge’s paper on O. insectifera, 291 n.2 Rein, Johannes Justus, 584, 585 Pyronia tithonus. See Satyrus tithonus reindeer: horns unaffected by castration, 534 &n.8; shedding of horns, 501 & 502 n.2 Quarterly Journal of Science: A.R. Wallace, review of Reinwald, Charles-Ferdinand: Descent,offers CD Expression, 38 & 39 n.2, 42 &n.1, 588 £40 for translation rights for 2d edition, 110; De- Quarterly Review:reviewofDescent [St G.J. Mivart], scent, regrets translation was not more literary, 193 & 194 n.3, 195 &n.7 216 &n.2; Expression, translation by S.J. Pozzi Quatrefages, Armand de: CD once again rejected progresses slowly, 110 & 111 n.8, 216 & 217 n.3; by Académie des sciences, 282 &n.2, 567 &n.2, Expression, French edition, 211 & 212 n.3, 563 & 285 &n.2 n.3; Journal of researches,offers royalty for new edi- Quetelet, Adolphe: distribution of variations about tion of E. Barbier’s translation, 216 & 217 n.6; amean,235 n.10, 393 & 394 n.10, 405 n.2;laws Orchids, paid J. Murray for electrotypes, 409 & of distribution, 436 & 437 n.4 410 n.8; plans new translation of Origin and new Quinn, Matthew, bishop of Bathurst: gives G. edition of Descent, 109–10 & 110–11 nn.2–8 Krefft primitive weapons, 317–18 & 320 n.3 Rendu, Louis: may have been plagiarised by J.D. Forbes, 382 n.4 Rallus aquaticus (water rail), 117 & 118 n.7 Reuter, Adolph: sends CD photograph of diseased Ranunculus ficaria bulbifera: H. Müller sends CD spec- roebuck, 161, 163 & nn.2–4, 178 imen in seed, 213 &n.4 Revalenta (health food), 2 &n.2 rattlesnakes: Californian backwoodsmen fashion Revue des deux mondes, 89 &n.3; G. Lemattre, ‘La device to replicate rattle, 254–5 & 257 n.2;learn transfusion du sang et la vie des élémens de to avoid traps, 416 & 417 n.8, 417 l‘organisme’, 7.27; C. Robin, observations on re- Ray Society: A.W.Bennett approached to fund sur- cently dead bodies, 5 & 7 n.27 vey of literature on fertilisation of flowers, 210 & Revue scientifique de la France et de l’étranger: L.A. Du- n.3; CD suggests asking members to contribute mont, E. Haeckel’s phylogenetic classificatory to save Naples Zoological Station, 503 & 504 system, 87 &n.6, 559 & 560 n.6;E.Haeckel, n.5 progress and purpose of zoology, 87 &n.5, 559 Rayner, Thomas: hydropathic establishment in & 560 n.5;reviewofExpression (L.A. Dumont), Malvern, 215 &n.6 588 Reade, Charles: The cloister and the hearth, 3 & 6 n.14 Rhinanthus: H. Müller studies, 275 & 276 n.4 Reade, William Winwood: African sketch-book en- Rhingia rostrata: fertilises Viola tricolor, 251 & 252 n.4 joyed, 214 & 215 n.1, 362 &n.3; African sketch- Rhipidura: exhibition of feathers, 9 & 12 n.17 book supports CD’s view that sexual selection Rhizocephala: A. Dohrn researches, 56 contributed to differences between human races, Ribera, Jusepe de: depicts expressive squint, 527 & 269 &n.1; enjoyed G.H. Darwin’s article on mar- n.2 riage, 356 & 357 n.2; leaves England for Egypt Riley, Charles Valentine: discovers moth fertilis- and the east, 269; masters of style made many ingayucca,251 & 252 n.6; reported coniferous revisions, 215 & nn.4–5; reports Ashanti war for pollen in St Louis, 278 & 279 n.9; support for The Times, 362 & 363 n.4; returns from Egypt be- CD’s theories, 89 &n.4 cause of eye disease, 356 &n.1;takeshydropathic Robin, Charles: observations on recently dead cure in Malvern, 215 &n.6; visits CD in London, bodies, 5 &n.27 136 & 137 nn.2–3 Robinia: R. pseudacacia,effect of water on leaves, 548 Reeks, Henry: blushing, 104–5 & 107 n.4; children & 549 n.3 ‘pounding’, 104, 113, 115; comments on Expres- Robinson, William: editor, Garden magazine, 250 & sion, xviii, 104–7 & 107 nn.1–20, 113, 115; domes- n.1 tic pigs draw back ears when fighting, 106 & 108 Rollisson, George and William: CD orders plants n.10, 113;effect of colour on animals, 106;ex- from, 486 &n.6; supply CD with Desmodium pedition to Newfoundland, 104–5 & 108 nn.5–7; plants, 455 & 456 nn.2–3, 470 & 472 n.4

778 Index

Romanes, George John: instinct in alligators, 207 &n.4, 547; T.H. Huxley, secretary, 191 & 192 n.5, n.3 195 &n.8, 274 n.8, 532 n.2; T.H. Huxley lobbied Roscoe, Henry Enfield, 552 & 553 n.6 against award of Copley Medal to J.D. Forbes, Rosenbusch, Harry: microscopical physiography of 191 & 192 nn.9–12; influx of papers on evolution, minerals, book sent to CD by E. Koch, 548 &n.2 136; R. Owen addresses on elections and pay- Rosengarten, Joseph George: CD sends his photo- ment of secretaries, 547 & nn.2–4; payment of graph, 101 & 103 n.1 secretaries proposed by Isaac Newton, 547 &n.4; Rostratula benghalensis. See Rhynchaea capensis Philosophical Club, 479 & 481 n.8;G.G.Stokes, Rous, Henry John, 114 & 115 n.4 secretary, 51 &n.1, 415 n.10 Rousseau, Jean Jacques: bold in print, timid in so- Royal United Services Museum: model of Battle of ciety, 40, 556; mastery of style achieved by many Waterloo, 171 & 172 n.3 revisions, 215 &n.5 Royer, Clémence Auguste: translation of Origin, 3d Royal Academy of Arts: Old Masters exhibition, ed., 109 & 111 n.3 1873, 72 &n.1 Ruck, Amy, 349; CD describes as having soul of Royal Botanic Garden, Calcutta: G. King, super- a true naturalist, 335 & 336 n.8; CD sends re- intendent, 77 n.1 gards to, 338 &n.7; E.A. Darwin suggests Francis Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew: herbarium, scien- wakes her by playing his flute, 423; engaged to F. tists’ memorial strongly advocates its retention, Darwin, xvii, 172 & 173 n.2, 389 & 390 n.1, 403 & 42–4 & 44–5 nn.2–5; J.D. Hooker, director, 339, n.3, 428 n.5;findsLathyrus pratensis, 348–9 & 349 445 n.1, 448 n.3, 467 n.4; Museums of Structural n.5; observes wormcastings for CD, 330 &n.5, and Economic Botany, 44 & 45 n.5;difficulty of 336 n.8; sets up worm garden with F. Darwin, exhibiting cultivated varieties, 68 xvii, 330; with F. Darwin, searches for Lathyrus Royal Commission on Scientific Instruction and maritimus, 329 & 330 n.2 the Advancement of Science, 499 &n.2 Ruck, Lawrence, 424 n.2 Royal Hungarian Natural Science Association: Ruck, Mary Anne, 329 & 330 n.2, 349 &n.8, 424 commissions translations of Origin and Descent, n.2; CD sends regards to, 338 &n.7 240 &n.2 Ruck, Richard Matthews, 349 &n.8; F. Darwin vis- Royal Institution of Great Britain: M. Foster, Fulle- its at Chatham, 384 &n.3 rian Professor of physiology, 192 n.2 Russell, Arthur: sends CD parcel of fish, 295–6 & Royal School of Mines: T.H. Huxley professor of n.1; varieties of carp in Germany, 224 & nn.2–3 natural history, 191 & 192 n.5 Russell, Fanny, 469 & 470 n.6 Royal Society of London: G.B. Airy president, 20 & Russell, Hastings, duke of Bedford, 224 n.4 21 n.1; H. Airy’s paper rejected for publication in Russell, John, 1st Earl Russell: J.D. Hooker would Transactions, abstract published in Proceedings, 410 like CD to meet, 469 & 470 n.6, 473 & 475 n.6 & 415 nn.2 & 11; G.J. Allman proposed for Royal Rütimeyer, Ludwig: encourages V.O. Kovalevsky to Medal, 273 & 274 n.8, 274 &n.2; W. Cavendish classify extinct Ungulata, 219 & 220 n.2 nominated against J.D. Hooker for election as Rye, Edward Caldwell: distribution of sexes in president, 29 & 30–1 nn.15–19, 32 & 33 n.3;CD Malthodes, 357 & 357–8 nn.1–4 communicates H. Airy’s paper on leaf arrange- Rhynchaea capensis (Rostratula benghalensis): illustrated ment, 20 & 21 n.1; CD communicates H. Airy’s in Descent, 117 & 118 n.8 paper on leaf arrangement, 51 &n.1; CD fellow rytina (Rytina stelleri,nowHydrodamalis gigas): extinc- of, 379 & 380 n.7; CD notes that in the past it tion, 88 &n.3 would not have accepted J.D. Macdonald’s paper on distribution of invertebrates, 63 &n.2;CDor- Sabine, Edward: invited W. Cavendish to stand as ders H. Müller’s book for, 204 & 205 n.5;CD president of Royal Society, 29 & 31 n.19 suggests asking members to contribute to save Sacculina: morphology, 248 & 249 n.15 Naples Zoological Station, 503 & 504 n.5;F.Gal- Sachs, Julius: admires H. Müller’s Befruchtung der ton sends questionnaire to members of council, Blumen, 213 &n.3; Lehrbuch der Botanik,CDad- 233; A. Gray elected foreign member, 273 & 274 mires, 32 & 33 n.7, 37 &n.5; Lehrbuch der Botanik, n.6; J.D. Hooker elected president, 29 & 30–1 CD offers to lend to H. Airy, 51 & 52 n.4; Lehrbuch nn.15–19, 32 & 33 n.3, 50 &n.3, 57 & 58 n.12, der Botanik, W.T. Thiselton-Dyer and A.W. Ben- 67 &n.3, 274 n.8, 521 n.5, 532 n.2; J.D. Hooker nett translate, 32 & 33 n.6, 36 &n.2, 125 &n.3; exhibits Gasteria at soirée, 537 &n.1; J.D. Hooker, supports CD’s theories, 89 &n.4 inaugural address, 521 &n.5, 530 & 532 n.2, 535 Sagitta, 219 & 220 n.6;difficulty in classifying, 225 &

Index 779

n.6 293 & 294 n.6 St John, Charles: cited in Expression, 283 &n.4 Sclopis, Federigo, 585, 586 St. Paul’s Magazine:reviewofExpression, 588 & 589 Scotsman: reports J.V. Carus’s inaugural lecture in n.11 Edinburgh, 210 & 211 n.3;reviewofExpression, Salzmann, Valentin: CD has underestimated the 587 & 588 n.5 important of the sensation of taste, 509–11 & 511– Scott, John: earthworms, sent castings from India, 12 nn.1–6 75 n.6; expression, observes complex nod in In- Sandile, paramount chief of the Rarabe, 19 n.7 dia, 13 &n.5 Sandwich Islanders: expressions, 257 & 258 n.11 Scrope, George Poulett, 462 n.5 Saporta, Gaston de: fossil plants of gypsum beds Secale cereale: secretion of nectar, 231 & 232 n.2 of southern France, 57 &n.8; support for CD’s Sedgwick, Adam: CD will be honoured to assist theories, 89 &n.4, 96 & 97 n.10 memorial to, 124 & 125 n.2; T.H. Hughes suc- Sarracenia, 469 & 470 n.7; J.D. Hooker offers to work ceeds as Woodwardian Professor of geology, 124 on, 479 & 481 n.9 & 125 n.2; Woodwardian Professor of geology Saturday Review: notices J. Huber’s critique of natu- until his death, 63 & 64 n.1 ral selection, 135 &n.3, 561 & 562 n.3;reviewof Sedum: leaf arrangement, 410, 411, 414 Expression, 587 Seemann, Berthold Carl: language of music of the Satyrus tithonus (Pyronia tithonus): sexual differences in east, 151 &n.4 ocelli, 135–6 & 136 n.2 Selaginella: contraction of cell walls under sunlight, Saunders, William Wilson, 493 & 494 n.8 30 & 31 n.24 Saxifraga: CD doses S. umbrosa and S. rotundifolia with Semper, Carl Gottfried, 135 n.4 carbonate of ammonia, 26–7 & 27 n.2 Senckenberg Society for Natural Science, Frank- Scalaria groenlandica, 425 furt am Main: elects CD corresponding mem- Scalpellum: reproduction, 392–3; S. regium (Trian- ber, 193 &n.1, 584–5 guloscalpellum regium), C.W. Thomson describes Senior, Jane Elizabeth (Mrs Nassau Senior), 79 & rudimentary males, 390 & 394 n.2; S. regium,CD 81 n.2, 80 described in Living Cirripedia, 390 & 394 n.3; S. Senna floribunda. See Cassia floribunda vulgare (S. scalpellum), rudimentary and comple- Sennacherib, 4 mental males, 390–1 & 394 n.4, 392 Shakespeare, William, 5 & 7 n.25 Schacht, Hermann: CD misreads for Sachs in J.D. Sharpey, William: suffers apoplectic attack, 399– Hooker’s letter, 32 & 33 n.6, 36 &n.2, 37 &n.4 400 & 401 n.18 Schaeffer, Ignaz Freiherr von: Austrian consul- Shaw, Thomas Claye: reviews Expression in Journal general in London, 79 &n.2 of Mental Science, 588 Schaible, Carl Heinrich: sends CD V.Czerny’s lec- sheldrake (Tadorna): ‘dancing’, 14–15 & 15 n.2 ture on relation of surgery to natural science, 75 Shepherd, Thomas William: Sydney nurseryman, &n.1 201 & 202 n.6, 285 &n.3 Schiff, Moritz: cited in Insectivorous plants, 424 n.8; Shepley,Susannah Mary: hopes CD will contribute Physiologie de la digestion, 424 &n.8 to erection of a statue for Liebig in Giessen, 226– Schleicher, August, 272 &n.3 7 & 227 n.3 Schleiden, Matthias Jacob, 439 n.1 Shilleto, Richard: whistled when a pupil blun- Schmitz, Dora: translates E. Haeckel’s Natürliche dered, 13 &n.7 Schöpfungsgeschichte, 406 n.2, 443 n.6, 574 n.6 Sicard, Henri, 261 &n.4, 567 &n.4 Schultze, Max Johann Sigismund: support for CD’s Sidgwick, Henry: attends séances, 517 & 518 n.4 theories, 89 &n.4 silkworms: cultivation, 199–200 & 200 nn.1–2 Schwann, Theodor: discovered pepsin, 396 n.1;ex- Slaney, Robert Aglionby: unusually hairy ears, 47 periments on artificial digestion and isolation of &n.2, 49 & 50 n.3 pepsin, 381 n.10 Sleeman, William Henry: reports of wolves nurtur- E. Schweizerbart’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung: E. ing children, 532 n.2 Koch head of, 61 n.3, 406 n.2, 548 n.2; publishes Smartt, Francis Williams: describes case of volun- J.V. Carus’s translations of CD’s works, 61 n.3, tary regurgitation, 23 &n.2 209 n.2 Smith, Elder & Co.: CD suggests his Coral reefs be Scientific Review:reviewofExpression, 587 reprinted, 542–3 & 543 n.5 Sclater, Philip Lutley: proposals for arrangement of Smith, Alfred Charles: coloration of cuckoo eggs, exhibits in national museum of natural history, 264–5 & 266 n.3

780 Index

Smith, Archibald: J.D. Hooker mourns death of, 30 Stirling critical of, 196 & 197 n.4; Study of sociology, & 31 n.20 CD and A.R. Wallace admire, 475 & 476 n.4, Smith, Cecil: herring gulls ‘dance’ like sheldrakes, 513 &n.6, 515 & 516 n.5; theory of correlation of 14–15 & 15 nn.2–3 forces, 8 & 12 n.13 Smith, Frederick: identifies bee species for H. Spergula arvensis:effects of formic acid on seed, 305 Müller, 353 &n.2 & 306 n.2 Smith, Henry John Stephen: proposes J. Tyndall Sphinx ligustri: feeding preferences, 7 for presidency of BAAS, 399 & 400 n.7 Spiller, George: microscopes, 448 & 449 n.5 Smith, John: curator, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Spinoza, Baruch: quoted by A. Dohrn in review of 50 &n.1, 338 &n.1;CDasksforplantofOxalis Expression, 246–7 & 248 n.8 sensitiva, 328 &n.3 spitz dog, 212, 218 Smith, Robert: requests names of continental nat- Spix, Johann Baptist von: (with K. von Martius), uralists for paper on Darwinism for Belfast Nat- blushing in Brazilian natives, cited in Expression, uralists’ Field Club, 88–9 & nn.2–4, 96 &n.2 104 & 107 n.4, 105 Smith, Sydney, 254 &n.2 Spottiswoode, Eliza Taylor, 169 &n.2 Smithsonian Institution, 448 &n.4 Spottiswoode, William: G.B. Airy supports candi- snakes: effects of venom on the blood, 30 & 31 n.26, dature for presidency of Royal Society, 50 &n.3; 33 CD calls on in London, 582 & 583 n.15;T.H. Sneyd, Walter: shareholder, Artizans, Labourers, & Huxley, subscription to assist, xx, 161 &n.2, 163 General Dwellings Co., 86 & 162–3 nn.2–3, 167 &n.2, 167–8 & 168 nn.2–7, Sobrero, Ascanio, 585, 586 168 & 169 n.2, 169 & nn.2–3, 189 n.4, 591;pro- Solanaceae: tobacco worms prefer and hogs avoid, poses J. Tyndall for presidency of BAAS, 399 & 454–5 & 455 nn.1–4, 484 400 n.7 Somssich, Pál: opposes Darwinism in Hungarian Sprengel, Christian Konrad: failed to appreciate parliament, 240 & 241 nn.4–5 importance of transport of pollen, 204 & 205 n.4; Sowerby, George Brettingham, Jr: payment for il- secretion of nectar by grasses, 231 & 232 n.2 lustrations for Orchids, 408 & 410 n.6 Spyers, Thomas, 273 &n.4 Spalding, Douglas Alexander: instinct in young an- Standard:reviewofExpression, 587 & 588 n.3 imals, 5 & 7 n.29, 69 & 71 n.3, 119 & 120 n.2;CD Stanley, Edward George Geoffrey Smith, 14th earl recommends article to J.D. Hooker, 73 & 74 n.5 of Derby, 243 & 244 n.10 Spectator: ‘Dr Carpenter on mental acquisitions and Stanley, Edward Smith, 13th earl of Derby, 244 n.10 inheritance’, 35 n.1; CD’s letter on difficulty of Stanley, Mary Catherine, countess of Derby: sends distinguishing influence of external conditions CDfishfromA.Russell,295–6 &n.1 and natural selection, 34–5 & 35 nn.1–3;G.H. Steele, Lawrence Litchfield: G.H. Darwin meets, Darwin’s ‘Commodities versus labour’ discussed, 428 &n.6 449 &n.3; F.J. Wedgwood reviews [S. Butler], Steenstrup, Japetus, 282 n.2, 567 n.2 Fair haven, 518 & 519 n.9 Stenhouse, John: Liebig memorial appeal, 227 & Spencer, Herbert: cited in Expression, 193 & 194 n.4 n.3, 195 &n.6; concerned at hostile review of Stephen, Leslie: favourably impressed by Fair haven, Expression in Edinburgh Review, 184 &n.4;crit- 173; knows S. Butler is the author of Fair haven, icised in Edinburgh Review article on Expression 148, 173 & 174 n.4; lunches with CD in London, [T.S. Baynes], 195 &n.6, 444 n.6;CDenjoysat- 148, 582 & 583 n.10 tack on W.E. Gladstone in Contemporary Review, Steudel, Ernst Gottlieb: Desmodium, 468 n.5; Nomen- 475 & 476 nn.5–6; CD supports his view on an- clator botanicus, 73 & 74 n.2, 462 & 463 nn.3–4 gle of flowerheads, 475 & 476 n.2; CD thanks for Stirling, James Hutchison: convinced Hegelian, Descriptive sociology, 339 &n.2; CD wonders if he 196 & 197 n.3; critical of T.H. Huxley and W. accepts his view on inherited secondary sexual Hamilton, 197 & 198 nn.5 & 6; CD wrongly sus- characteristics, 475–6 & 476 n.7; J. Fiske seeks to pects of writing hostile review of Expression, 193 & popularise ideas of and meets in London, 472 & 194 n.2, 195 &n.6, 196 & 197 n.2, 242 & 243 n.2, 473 n.3; T.H. Huxley, hopes M. Foster can relieve 245 &n.2; unimpressed by G. Cupples’s poems, of some responsibilities, 192 &n.2; T.H. Huxley, 198 n.10 subscription to assist, xx, 167 &n.3, 167, 168, 189 Stoddard, Charles Warren, 257 & 258 n.11 n.4, 192 &n.1, 582 & 583 n.16, 591; introduced Stokes, George Gabriel: secretary, Royal Society of J.G. Rosengarten to Darwin family, 103 n.1;J.H. London, 51 &n.1, 415 n.10; sends H. Airy criti-

Index 781

cisms of his paper, 414 & 415 n.10 Tennent, James Emerson: cited in Expression on ele- Strachey, Edward: meets G.H. Darwin in Cannes, phant weeping, 340 &n.1 112 &n.6 Tennyson, Alfred, 372 & 373 n.8 Strachey, Henry, 354 n.1 Tettigometra virescens:relationtoFormica pubescens, 181 Strachey, Johanna Catherine: rain damage to n.3, 562 n.3 grapes in South Africa, 353–4 & 354 n.1 Thackeray, William Makepeace: mastery of style Strachey, Richard, 400; cutting bees of Himalayas, achieved without many revisions, 215 &n.5;vis- 539 & nn.2–3, 540 & 541 n.2; encourages G.H. its CD in London, 582 & 583 n.10 Darwin’s work on portable globe, 354 &n.3, Thecidium (Lacazella), 219 & 220 n.6 355–6; hopes Geographical Society will finance Thiselton-Dyer, William Turner: absorption by trials on G.H. Darwin’s portable globe, 539 & glandular hairs of plants, 29 & 31 n.22, 33, 36 & 540 n.5, 540 & 541 n.4; lodges with J.D. Hooker n.3, 37; Angalis arvensis, whether closing of flow- at BAAS Bradford meeting, 399 & 400 n.16; ers is analogous to Cassia, 536 &n.5;W.Car- ‘On the scope of scientific geography’ praises ruthers offends, 29 & 30 n.9;citedonLobelia in achievements of CD and J.D. Hooker, 36 &n.7, Cross and self fertilisation, 360 n.6; CD seeks views 37 &n.3; rain damage to grapes in South Africa on absorption by glandular hairs, 57 &n.7;CD and India, 353–4 & 354 nn.1–2; snails descend thanks for notes on Desmodium and Robinia, 548 Simla oak by threads, 539 &n.4; visits Down & 549 nn.2–4; edits Hooker’s Flora of British In- with J.D. Hooker, 273 & 274 n.11, 274 &n.3, 314 dia, 360 n.6, 383 n.8; Eucalyptus, whether dichog- & 315 n.3, 315 &n.3, 328 &n.1, 332, 338 &n.3, amous, 360 & 361 n.13; identifies common plants 339 &n.1, 343 &n.2, 539 &n.1, 582 & 583 n.26 for CD, 378 & 379 n.1; identifies species of Cassia Strauss, David Friedrich: resurrection of Jesus a for CD, 534 & 535 n.1, 536 & nn.1–3;lodgeswith group hallucination, 149 n.5 J.D. Hooker at BAAS Bradford meeting, 399 & Strix flammea. See barn owl 400 n.16; Mimosa albida, experiments with effects Sulivan, Bartholomew James: fighting stallions in of water on, 382 &n.2; Nepenthes, experiments Falklands, 118 n.10 on with J.D. Hooker, 382, 466 &n.1, 469 & 470 Sus scrofa, 483 &n.12 nn.2–4, 521 &n.4; Nepenthes, sends CD data on, Swallow, George Clinton: disputes CD’s account of 460 &n.2; works with A.W. Bennett on translat- evolution of moral nature of man, 372 & 373 n.4, ing J. Sachs’s Lehrbuch der Botanik, 30 &31 n.22, 33 377 &n.6, 36 &n.2, 37 &n.4 Swammerdam, Jan, 115 & 116 n.2 Thomson, Charles Wyville: J.V. Carus deputises Swanwick, Eustace Maclean: inherited instinct in for, 209 &n.5; Depths of the sea, C. Lyell lends to acat,71 &n.2 S.V.Wood, 386 & 389 nn.2 & 4; Scalpellum regium, Swift, Jonathan, 197 & 198 nn.8 & 11 rudimentary males, 390 & 394 n.2 Swinhoe, Robert: cited in Expression, 139 n.6;ex- Thornbery, Gregory Beddome: swinging of arms pressions of Chinese, 138–9 & 139 nn.1–10;tick- during walking, 142–3 & 143 n.1 ling of the eyes in China, xviii, 138; Woolnerian Thornton, Marianne, 81 n.4 tip rare in China, 138 & 139 n.8 Thunnus thymus: Aristotle observed swimming Symonds, William Samuel, 187 &n.6 habits in Black Sea, 205 & 206 n.4 Synnot, Henrietta Louise, 79 & 81 nn.1, 4 & 14 Thylacoleo, 293 & 294 n.7 Szekely (Szekler): L. Felméri observes expressions, The Times: BAAS, Bradford meeting, 400 n.10, 419 22 & nn.2–3 nn. 4–5; J.S. Burdon Sanderson, address on physiology to Congress of British Medical As- Tabernaemontana echinata (T. siphilitica): cross- and sociation, 333 & 334 n.2; Darwins go back to self-fertilisation, 221 & 223 n.2, 222 taking, 582 & 583 n.23; W.W. Reade reports on Tait, Peter Guthrie: letter to Nature alleges that J. Ashanti war, 362 & 363 n.4;reviewofExpression, Tyndall accused J.D. Forbes of plagiarism, 382 & 587 n.4, 385 & 386 n.4, 400 n.6 Tisley and Spiller (Samuel Charles Tisley and teasel (Dipsacus sylvestris, D. fullonum sylvestris): leaf ar- George Spiller): microscopes, 448 & 449 n.5 rangement, 126 & 127 n.3 toads: European words for, 2–3 & 6 nn.5–7, 212 n.4, Tegetmeier, William Bernhard: the most nutritive 563 n.4s; E.E. Klein’s discovery about ova has no materials fail to support life when given alone, bearing on pangenesis, 2 &n.3 429 n.2 Toise, chief of the T’Slambie, 18 Telephorus (Cantharus), 357 &n.2 Tollemache, John: J.D. Hooker visits, 50 &n.2, 57

782 Index

Tomanzie, Mica Mary de, 250 &n.2 markable, 297 Torr, William, 498 & 499 n.11 Ursus americanus: shades eyes when focussing on dis- Torrey Botanical Club, 448 n.4. See also Bulletin of tant object, 107 & 108 n.18 the Torrey Botanical Club Urwick, Benjamin: secretary, HMS Repulse, 244 & Tour du monde: engraving of Buddhists at prayer, 3 & 245 n.1 6 n.12 Utricularia, 491 &n.3 Transactions of the Linnean Society:G.Bentham,revision of the genus Cassia, 536 n.2 Vachellia farnesania. See Acacia farnesiana Treat, Mary: cited in Insectivorous plants, 305 n.7; Vander-Meulen, Frederick S.: captain, HMS Re- ‘Controlling sex in butterflies’ published in Amer- pulse, 245 n.1 ican Naturalists, 20 &n.6; CD advises rigorous Verrall, John Hubert, 500 &n.3 testing before publishing data on Drosera, 325; Vicia: hive-bees collect nectar from leaf undersides, CD requests further observations on Drosera and 316 &n.4; V.faba, 463 &n.2 Dionaea,xvi,19–20 & 20 nn.2–5; observations on Vignaud, J. Henri: reviews Expression in Le mémorial Drosera, 32 &n.2, 303–4 & 305 nn.1–7, 325 &n.1 diplomatique, 588 & 589 n.15 Trianguloscalpellum regium. See Scalpellum regium Viola tricolor var. arvensis (V. a r v e n s i s ): fertilisation, 210 Trigona: F. Müller works on, 352–3 & 353 n.2 &n.4, 221 & 223 n.6, 231 & 232 n.4, 221–3 & 223 Tritonium carinatum (Trophon antiquus var. carinatus), nn.3–4, 251 & 252 &n.3, 275 & 276 n.4 425 Virchow, Rudolf Carl, 416 & 417 n.4 Trophon antiquus var. carinatus. See Tritonium carinatum Voelcker, Augustus: analysis of Nepenthes, 459 &n.2, Trypetesa. See Alcippe 460 &n.2; experiments on Nepenthes at Kew, 466 Turner, William: CD subscribes to fund for J. & 467 n.2 Murie, 134 &n.2 Vogel, T heod or, 439 n.1 Tyndall, John: criticised in Edinburgh Review arti- Vogt, Carl: development of the brain in micro- cle on Expression [T.S. Baynes], 195 &n.6, 444 cephalic idiots, 543 & 544 n.4 n.6; CD calls on in London, 582 & 583 n.15; Voltaire: direct attacks on religion produced little G.H. Darwin asks to call on CD to spare his result, 461 strength, 164 & 165 n.2; dispute with J.D. Forbes Voysey, Charles: sends CD parody about over glacier movement, 191 & 192 n.8; T.H. Hux- Athanasian creed, 166 &n.1; sends CD volume ley, friends subscribe to assist, xx, 161 &n.2, 165 6 of The sling and the stone, 166 &n.2 &n.5, 167, 167 & 168 n.2, 168, 168 & 169 nn.2–4, Voysey, Frances Annesley, 166 &n.1 169 &n.2, 170 &n.1, 170–1 & 171 nn.2–5, 176– 7 & 177 n.2, 179 &n.2, 182 & nn.2–3, 189 n.4, Wade, Thomas Francis, 138 & 139 n.2 582 & 583 n.16, 591; T.H. Huxley, circulates let- Wade, William Swift: case of ankyloblepharon may ter of thanks, 190 &n.1, 190 &n.2, 189 &n.2, demonstrate inheritance of acquired peculiari- 190 &n.1, 199 &n.2; T.H. Huxley, supports H. ties, 373–4 & 377 n.1, 374–6; inherited eye con- Spencer’s plan to lessen his workload, 192 &n.3; dition, 465 & nn.1–2 president elect, BAAS, 399 & 400 nn.7 & 9;J.H. Walker, William: military expeditions in Mexico, Stirling critical of, 196 & 197 n.4;P.G.Taitat- 257 & 258 n.10 tacks in Nature, 382 &n.4, 385 & 386 n.4, 399 & Walker, William Gregory: R. Gordon Cumming’s 400 n.6, 419 &n.3; work on heat translated into account of elephant weeping, 339–40 &n.2 Polish, 214 &n.4, 564 &n.4; visits Down, 582 & Wallace, Alfred Russel: admires H. Spencer’s Study 583 n.28 of sociology, 513 &n.6, 515 & 516 n.5; animals are guided by sense of smell, xix, 238 n.2; articles on Unknown correspondents: comments on Expres- political topics, 513 &n.6, 515 & 516 n.6;brings sion, 15–17 & 17 n.2; CD advises to apply to book- A. Günther a living Phrynosoma, 253 &n.3;CD seller for a copy of a book, 28; CD sends signed sends chrysalis received from G. Krefft, 285 & memorial, 33 &n.1; CD thanks for charming n.2, 290; CD sends G. Krefft’s photograph of photograph of children, 79; CD thanks for note, Papilio sarpedon, 202 n.5; Descent, agrees to help 20 &n.2; CD’s book on evils of interbreeding an- revise for 2d ed., xxii, 502 &n.1, 505–6 & 506 nounced prematurely, 202 &n.2;CD’sdateand n.3, 508 & 509 n.1, 512–13 & nn.3–4; Descent,CD place of birth, 195 &n.1; G.H. Darwin will un- specifies work needed to produce 2d ed., 508– dertake revision of Descent, 523 &n.2; movement 9 & 509 nn.1–5; Descent, happy for G.H. Dar- of the scalp is not unknown but inheritance is re- win to undertake revision, 514–15 & 515 nn.3–

Index 783

6, 515; examiner in physical geography, 508 & 368 & nn.2–3; photographic studio, 175 & 176 n.1 509 n.4; Expression, CD thanks for review but dis- West Riding Medico Chirurgical Society, 374 & 377 agrees with his criticisms, 38 & 39 nn.2–6, 42 & n.2 nn.1–4; Expression, reviews in Quarterly Journal of Westminster Review: J. Chapman (proprietor) asks Science, 588; helped C. Lyell on new editions of CD to see G. Wyld, 297–8 & 298 n.1 his works, 512–13 & 513 n.2; homing instinct in Whewell, William, 191 & 192 n.10 animals based on sense of smell, 83 & 84 n.2, 123 Whitaker, William: found crag molluscs in Sud- & 124 n.2, 132 n.3; J.T.Moggridge disagrees with bury, 421 & 422 n.8 his definition of instinct, xix, 62 & nn.2–3; plants White, Francis Buchanan: influence of insect garden at the Dell, Essex, 42 &n.5;reviewsT. agency on distribution of plants, 57 &n.6, 83 & Belt’s Naturalist in Nicaragua, 502 &n.2;theoryof n.5 protective coloration, 103 &n.6 White, Joseph Blanco: autobiography, 148 & 149 Wallace, John: sends A.R. Wallace a living Phryno- n.3 soma, 253 &n.3 Whitney, William Dwight: describes Hayden Sur- Walsh, Patrick: described as chewing his cud, 23 & vey in New York Tribune, 327 &n.1 n.2 Whitworth, Joseph: subscribes to assist T.H. Hux- Watts, Henry: Dictionary of chemistry, 367 n.1, 435 & ley, 189 n.4, 591 n.4 Willett, Henry: attends CD, 365 &n.4, 377 &n.5, Wayland, Francis: shaggy eyebrows, 416 & 417 n.7 423 &n.3;CDdonates£10 to Wealden Explo- Wayland, Francis, Jr, 417 n.7 ration Fund, 140 &n.2 Wayland, Herman Lincoln, 417 n.7 Williams & Norgate: Climbing plants,reprint,121 n.3 Weale, James Philip Mansel: expression in Kafirs Williams, Charles E., 518 n.2 and Hottentots, 18–19 & 19 nn.3–9 Williamson, Alexander William: Liebig memorial Webster, Noah (dictionary), 3 & 6 n.7, 4 & 6 n.18 appeal, 227 &n.4; president, BAAS meeting, Wedgwood, Caroline Sarah: CD stays at Leith Hill Bradford, 399 & 400 n.10 Place, 245 n.4, 250, 582 & 583 n.21 Williamson, William Crawford: coal and coal Wedgwood, Cecil, 476 & 477 n.2 plants, address to BAAS, 399 & 400 n.11 Wedgwood, Frances Emma Elizabeth: visits Down, Willughby, Francis: cited in Variation, 155 n.8 34 n.4 Wilson, Rosamond Margaret Jane, 227 n.2 Wedgwood, Frances Julia (Snow): reviews Fair haven Wolfshund, 218 &n.3 [S. Butler] in Spectator, 518 & 519 n.9;literary Women’s Disabilities (Removal) Bill, 129 n.3 style, 518 & 519 n.9, 519 &n.4 Wood, Searles Valentine (1798–1880), 387, 388;CD Wedgwood, Godfrey: migratory instinct of birds, disagrees with his findings since rarity precedes 476–7 & 447 nn.3–4 extinction, 471 & 472 n.13; long-lived though an Wedgwood, Hensleigh: Dictionary of English etymol- invalid earlier in life, 421 & 422 n.7; supplement ogy, 211 & 212 n.4, 324 & 325 n.6, 563 &n.4, 218 to Crag Mollusca, 386–7 & 389 nn.1–4, 425 n.1, &n.1 425 & 425–6 nn.1–2 Wedgwood, Hope Elizabeth (Dot), 80 & 81 n.4 Wood, Searles Valentine (1830–84): converted to Wedgwood, Josiah, III: CD stays at Leith Hill evolution by W.B. Carpenter’s Principles of physi- Place, 245 n.4, 250, 582 & 583 n.21 ology, 420 & 421 n.3; CD comments on findings Wedgwood, Katherine Euphemia (Effie): engaged on fertility of apple seedlings, 401–2 & 402 nn.2– to Thomas Henry Farrer, 80 & 81 n.4, 81 n.5. See 7, 471 & 472 nn.12 & 14; J.D. Hooker regards as also Farrer, Katherine Euphemia very confused, 479 &n.11;movestoSuffolk, 388 Wedgwood, Sarah Elizabeth: reading room at & 389 n.10, 421 & 422 n.6;progenyofcultivated Down school, 525 & 526 n.5 apples, 425 & 426 n.3; sterility of garden apples, Weir, John Jenner: CD envies his acquaintance 387–8 & 389 nn.5–9, 420–1 & 421 n.2 with J.S. Mill, 227; CD agrees to be patron of Woodward, Samuel Pickworth, 387 & 389 n.8 Crystal Palace cat show, xxiii–iv, 384 &n.2;notes Woolner, Thomas, 139 n.8, 417 n.3 on hybridity, 499–500 & 500–1 nn.2–4; presiden- Wrangell, Ferdinand von: navigational skills of tun- tial address, West Kent Natural History Society, dra natives, 154 & 155 n.9 227 & 228 n.2 Wright, Chauncey: admiration for CD, 215; sends West Riding Lunatic Asylum: D. Ferrier experi- regards to CD through J. Fiske, 473; visited ments to show effect on muscles of electrical cur- Down, 245 n.7 rents on the brain, 175 & 176 n.2; Medical Reports, W.S.C.: questions CD’s remarks about canaries,

784 Index

W.S.C., cont. Youmans, Edward Livingston: founder and editor, 160 & nn.1–4 Popular Science Monthly, 473 &n.6 Wundt, Wilhelm Maximilian: Physiologie des Men- schen, 424 & 425 n.10 Zoological Gardens, Regent’s Park: A.D. Bartlett, Wuttke, Emma: Ancient Egyptian depictions of superintendent, 70 & 71 n.6; CD hopes to visit to dogs, 430–2 & 433 nn.2–4, 569–71 & 572 nn.2– look at primates’ ears, 49; domesticated animals 4 not exhibited, 68 Wuttke, Heinrich, 433 n.2, 572 n.2 Zoological Society of London: donates publica- Wyld, George, 298 &n.1 tions to A. Dohrn’s zoological station at Naples, Wyman, Morrill: Autumnal catarrh, CD sends to 55 & 56 n.4 London; R. Meldola, paper on pro- C.H. Blackley, 280 &n.1 tective colouring in insects, 136 n.3; J. Murie’s resignation as prosector (1870), 134 n.2;A.Nicols X Club: members support J.D. Hooker’s nomina- elected member, 230 & 231 n.1 tion for presidency of Royal Society, 29 & 31 n.17 Zoologist: A. Newton, coloration of cuckoo eggs, 266 Xanthorrhoea: blooms at Kew, 382 n.3; A.C. Smith, coloration of cuckoo eggs, 265 & 266 n.3 Yoldia limatula. See Leda limatula