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Liber S. Marie De Calchou. Registrum Cartarum Abbacie Tironensis De

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Liber S. Marie De Calchou. Registrum Cartarum Abbacie Tironensis De ScS U. tl '"hi^^fi' ;e.?di«™:k l!ah'Jj9u V fe. ^arie te Caltt)ou REGISTRUM CARTARUM ABBACIE TIRONENSIS DE KELSO 1113-1567 TOM. 1 EDINBURGI MDCCCXLVI BALLANTYME A>D HUGHES, PRIMERS. EDIXBinGll. PRESENTED TO THE BANNATYNE CLUB BY THE DUKE OF ROXBURGHE. THE BANNATYNE CLUB. JA^UAEY M.DCCC.XLVI. THOMAS THOMSON, ESQ. PRESIDENT. THE EAEL OF ABEEDEEN. LORD VISCOUNT ACHESON. VICE-ADMIRAL SIE CHAELES ADAM. THE EAEL OF ASHBrEXHAIM. LOED BELHAVEN AND HAMILTON. WILLIAJM BLAIR, ESQ. BERIAH BOTFIELD, ESQ. THE MAEQUESS OF BEEADALBANE. 10 SIR THOMAS MAKDOUGALL BRISBANE, BART. GEORGE BRODIE, ESQ. CHARLES DASHWOOD BRUCE, ESQ. O. TYNDALL BRUCE, ESQ. THE DL"KE OF BUCCLEUCH AND QUEENSBERRY. THE DUKE OF BUCKINGHAM ANT) CHANDOS. THE MARQUESS OF BUTE. THE EEV. RICHAED BUTLEE. JAMES CAMPBELL, ESQ. Sm GEORGE CLERK, BART. 20 WILLIAM CLEEK, ESQ. HON. H. COCKBUEN, LORD COCKBURN, {VICE-PBESIDENT.) THE BANNATYNE CLUB. DAVED CONSTAJBLE, ESQ. ANDREW COVENTRY, ESQ. JAMES T. GLBSON CRAIG, ESQ., {TREASUEER.) WELLIAJM GLBSON CRAIG, ESQ. GEORGE CRANSTOUN, ESQ. JAJVLES DENNISTOUN, ESQ. DAVro DUNDAS, ESQ. GEORGE DUNDAS, ESQ. .30 ^VILLIAM PITT DUNDAS, ESQ. LORD FRANCIS EGERTON. JOSEPH WALTER K. EYTON, ESQ. Sm CHARLES DALEYMPLE FERGUSSON, BAET. LIEUT.-COL. ROBERT FERGUSON. COI^NT MERCER DE FLAHAULT. ARTHUR FORBES, ESQ. WLLLIAJM GOTT, ESQ. ROBERT GRAHAM, ESQ. RIGHT HON. THOMAS GRENVILLE. 40 THE EARL OF HADDINGTON. THE DUKE OF HAJVIILTON AND BRANDON. SIR THO]SLi_S BUCHAN HEPBURN, BART. JAJVIES JSIAITLAND HOG, ESQ. RIGHT HON. JOHN HOPE, LORD JUSTICE-CLERK. COSMO ESTNES, ESQ. DAVED mVING, ESQ., LL.D. HON. JAJVEES IVORY, LORD IVORY. Sm HENRY JARDENnE. HON. FRANCIS JEFFREY, LORD JEFJREY. 50 THE EARL OF KENNTOULL. DAVID LAING, ESQ., {SECRETARY.) THE BANNATYNE CLUB. SIR THOMAS DICK LAUDER, BART. THE EARL OF LAUDERDALE. VERY REVEREXD PRmCIPAL JOHN LEE, D.D. LORD LLNDSAY. JAMES LOCH, ESQ. LORD LOVAT. ALEXAJSTDER MACDONAXD, ESQ. HON. J. H. MACKENZIE, LORD MACKENZIE. 60 JAMES MACKENZEE, ESQ. JOHN WHITEFOORD MACKENZEE, ESQ. KEITH STEWART MACKENZEE, ESQ. WELLIAJM FORBES MACKENZEE, ESQ. ALEXANDER MACONOCHIE, ESQ. JAMES MAIDMENT, ESQ. THOMAS MAITLAND, ESQ. LORD VISCOUNT MELVILLE. THE HON. WILLIAM LESLIE MELVILLE. WILLIAM HENRY MILLER, ESQ. 70 THE EARL OF MINTO. HON. SIR J. W. MONCREIFF, BART., LORD MONCREIFF. JAMES PATRICK MUIRHEAD, ESQ. HON. SIR JOHN A. MURRAY, LORD MURRAY. WILLIAM MURRAY, ESQ. MACVEY NAPIER, ESQ. ROBERT NASMYTH, ESQ. CHARLES NEAVES, ESQ. SIR FRANCIS PALGRAVE. LORD PANMURE. 80 ROBERT PITCAIRN, ESQ. ALEXANDER PRLNGLE, ESQ. THE BANNATYNE CLUB. JOHN RICHAEDSON, ESQ. THE EAEL OF EOSEBEKY. THE DUKE OF EOXBUKGHE. ANDEEW EUTHEEFURD, ESQ. THE EAEL OF SELKIRK. JAilES SKENE, ESQ. WELLIAM SMYTHE, ESQ. JOHN SPOTTISWOODE, ESQ. 90 EDWAED STAXLEY, ESQ. THE HON. CHARLES FEANCIS STUART. THE DUKE OF SUTHERLAND. ARCHIBALD SWINTON, ESQ. ALEXANDEE THOMSON, ESQ. WALTER CALVEELEY TREVELYAN, ESQ. WILLIAM B. D. D. TURNBULL, ESQ. DAWSON TURNER, ESQ. PATRICK FRASER TYTLEE, ESQ. ADAM UEQUHAET, ESQ. 100 RIGHT HON. SIR GEOEGE WAERENDEE, BAET. THE PREFACE. — THE PREFACE. No otber spot of Scotch ground has witnessed such cbanges as tbe river bank wbere Teviot falls into Tweed. A town once stood tbere, of such importance as to form one of tbat remarkable Burgber ParHament, known as " tbe Court of tbe Four Burghs of Scotland," of wbicb not a house, not a trace, remains. Still earlier, and long before ^ _ tbe kin- b^; dred people dwelHng on the opposite sides of tbe Tweed bad learned \~ to look on eacb otber as aHens and enemies, tbc great Princes of Nor- V: tbumberland had built a castle there, wbich became a favourite dwelHng of Earl David, afterwards King David I. Before his accession to tbe throne, whilc Princc of Cumberland and of a large district of soutbem Scotland, as well as after he became king, and Avhile he ruled in peace all Northimi- bria to tbe Tecs,^ that prince found Roxburgh a central and convenient residence. Even after soutbern Northumbria bad been severed from Scot- land, the castle continued one of the cbief royal residences, where courts and councils and parHaments were held, ambassadors and legates were entcr- tained, and a royal mint was estabhsbed, during tbe reigns of David's grandsons, and down to the end of that long period of prosperity and peace ' The English chroniclers, painting viviilly beyoncl Tees, as enjoying imdisturbed peace the distractions of southern England durlng and prosperity under the autliority of David Stephen's reign iu the niiddle of tho twelftli of Scotland. Bromton ; W. Neubr. century, describe tlie northern region, all THE PREFACE. which terminated for Scotland with the reign of King Alexander III.'' That old importance has left a traditionary and romantic interest about Roxburgh, which has survived its towers and walls, and the very memory of its actual story and of its share in the disasters of later times ; and the same association which led the unfortunate prince, whose father fell in assaulting the castle, to adopt the name for one of his heralds, and his chivabous son to blazon it around his shield,*^ still at- taches to the green mound which the Teviotdale pea- sant shows as the site of " the Castle of Marchmound." While the baronial castle and the gilds of free burghers were each con- tributing their share in the great work of civiHzation, under princes like David and his successors, the foundations were laid of other institutions still more influential, and destined to be more enduring. As if foreseeing that his favourite valley was to become, in later tiraes, the field of arms for two warhke nations, the wise David had restored ancient, or planted new monasteries thickly over Teviotdale, which were not only to spread the blessings of religion, and in part to tame the rough Borderer, but were destined to aftbrd him sometimes an asylum and support, when war had wasted all that was not under tho protection of the Church. At length, the abbeys too were swept away, when they had fulfilled their destiny : and the effect produced by the suppression of such houses as ^" David received the Cardinal-Legate John nothing of the matter, it would seem that the of Crema, at Roxburgh, in 1125, and there chivalrous styles of our Scotch Heralds and convened a council of the clergy. " Raul of Pursuivants,—Snowdoun, Albany, Ross, Roxburc " was moneyer of much of the Scotch Rothsay, Marchmond, Eay—Carric, Kintyre, currency of WiUiam's reign. At least four Orraond, Bute,—were introduced by King ]iarliaments or great national councils were James III. James IV.'s signet has the name held at Roxburgh during tho reigns of Alex- H3rnrr!)mon1f on a scroll over the shield of ander II. and Alexander III. —Act. Parl. I. tho arms of Scotland. ' Althoush our books of heraldrv tell us — THE PREFACE. v Kelso, Jedburgh, Melrose, and Dryburgli, after four ccnturies of power, was more than had been experlenced from the razing of the royal castle, and the utter disappearance of the flourlshing city. The period of our investigation embraces no less remarkable changes in the population of that district. When the llght of record first breaks upon it, we can discern dimly, but with sufficient certalnty, a native race retreating or sinking into dependency before the influx of predominating strangers of Saxon and of Norraan lineage. These new settlcrs figure for some centuries as the feudal lords of the soil, rlvalling the most muni- ficent soverclgns lu their benefactions to the Church. With thera, as well as with many of their iramediate vassals and of those of the Church, we become acquainted in the transactions recoi-ded in this and other monastic Registers. We find evidence, also, of the early importance of a burgher class, and of the wealth of many merchants, burgesses of Roxbvu-gh and still more of Berwick, a place which, before it became the unhappy subject of contentlon and war, carried on the most extensive commerce of any port on the eastern coast of the island, always excepting London.'' Of the con- dltion of the peasantry we have, incidentalJy, some informatlon, though more of the klndly tenants under the easy rulc of the Church than of the husbandmen and villains who tllled the land of the lay lord and foUowed him to battle. But, long before the end of our period, the great lords who once bore sway on the marches, the Earls of Dunbar, the De Morvilles, BaUIols, Ranulphs, De Vescis, Cumins, De SuHs, and Avenels, had, in their turn, died out ; and, for some centuries, the dlsti'actcd state of the Borders seems to have bcen adverse to the rise, on firra footlng, of any great families in the dlstrict. Even the Church could scarcely hold its own ^ Note to Tytler's History, vol. ii. —An ' wliose riehes were tlie sea, and tlie waters olJ chronicler describes Borwick as " a city its walls.' lu those days its citizens being of sucli populousness aud coninierce that it most wealthy and devcu.it, gave noble alms, might justly be styled a second Alexaudria, among which," &c. Lanercost, A.D. 120G. vi THE PREFACE. in a time so storray, and tlierc was no very dorainant aristocracy at all to rival it, in tbat district, from the period of the war of the succession to tlie tirae of its downfoll. In the mean tlme, however, the disturbed state of the Border had given birth to a population not more remarkable in its early stages, than for the adaptation to varying fortunes through which it has arrived at its present condition. Thc lower class of that population has furnished subjects for the old minstrels who created the popular poetry of Scotland ; and our great Mlnstrel has thrown round them the roraantic colourlng of his poetry.
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