Swedish Letters on Keyboard
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A Universal Amazigh Keyboard for Latin Script and Tifinagh
LES RESSOURCES LANGAGIERES : CONSTRUCTION ET EXPLOITATION A universal Amazigh keyboard for Latin script and Tifinagh Paul Anderson [email protected] 1. Introduction Systems of Amazigh text encoding and corresponding keyboard layouts have tended to be narrowly aimed at specific user communities, because of differences in phonology and orthography across Amazigh language variants1. Keyboard layouts for language variants have therefore lacked orthographic features found in other regions. This restricted focus impedes users' experimentation with the writing of other Amazigh regional variants and converged literary forms where they differ in orthographic features or in script. So far there has been no way to type more than a handful of Amazigh variants intuitively on any one layout even within one script. This fragmented development has meant that keyboard driver implementations have often lagged behind advances in technology, and have usually failed to take into account general keyboard layout design, ergonomy and typing speed, and solutions from other Amazigh regions or non-Amazigh languages. Some users even preferred to improvise key definitions based on their own understanding, which often resulted in mistaken use of lookalike letters and diacritics. Keyboard layouts have also failed to provide for Amazigh minority populations around the world, and have considered the multilingual context of Amazigh language use only locally. Several scripts are commonly used to write Amazigh variants, and even within a script there are different orthographies in use. Some orthographies are formal 1 I use the term 'language variant' since distinguishing 'dialect' and 'language' is not necessary here. ~ 165 ~ LES RESSOURCES LANGAGIERES : CONSTRUCTION ET EXPLOITATION standards. In others, some features are obsolete but still in use, some features are still disputed, and some features are regional usages or personal initiatives, or are required only for writing more phonetically. -
The Role of the Human C-Tactile System in Affective Somatosensation and Pain
The role of the human C-tactile system in affective somatosensation and pain Jaquette Liljencrantz Department of Clinical Neurophysiology Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg Gothenburg, Sweden 2014 Cover illustration: "Section in hairy skin" by Lennart Nilsson. Light microscopy, 1972-73. The role of the human C-tactile system in affective somatosensation and pain © Jaquette Liljencrantz 2014 [email protected] ISBN 978-91-628-8904-3 (printed edition) ISBN 978-91-628-8907-4 (electronic edition) http://hdl.handle.net/2077/34821 Printed by Kompendiet in Gothenburg, Sweden 2014 For my mother The role of the human C-tactile system in affective somatosensation and pain Jaquette Liljencrantz Department of Clinical Neurophysiology Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg Gothenburg, Sweden ABSTRACT Affective touch perception in humans is a complex construct of input from mechanoreceptive afferents, current homeostatic state and contextual factors. Previously, a relationship has been identified between the pleasantness perception of soft skin stroking and the firing rate of unmyelinated C-low- threshold mechanoreceptive afferents (C-LTMRs) known as C-tactile (CT) afferents in humans. This relationship is not seen for myelinated Aβ-LTMRs. The work in this thesis continued the basic characterization of CT response properties to pleasant touch by adding a thermal component to the stimulus. Using the electrophysiological technique of microneurography in combination with psychophysical testing we found a significant relationship between the hedonic evaluation of slow skin stroking stimuli and CT responses only for stimuli of skin-like temperature (i.e. not cooler or warmer temperatures), (Paper I). -
Keyboard Layouts: Lessons from the Meꞌphaa and Sochiapam Chinantec Designs
From the files of Hugh Paterson III https://hughandbecky.us/Hugh-CV Keyboard layouts: Lessons from the Meꞌphaa and Sochiapam Chinantec designs Hugh Paterson III SIL International and the University of North Dakota [email protected] 15 December 2020 Version: Post-Print Preface In contrast to the publication of the original chapter, this post-print includes the references which were cited in the text, directly after the main text. Several style sheet changes have also been made: The main font has been changed, several small spelling corrections have been fixed, some diacritics are shown with ◌ rather than appearing bare, a table of ‘languages mentioned’ in the chapter, a list of abbreviations used, and in some places titles and names have been italicized as is commonly done in some publishing styles. The in-text citations for items mentioned as “in same volume” as the original chapter have now been added as full refernces. The book was first released in 2014, but the printed date/copyright date, as is common in many publishing venues, indicates the year following—in this case 2015. Even though author affiliation changed since publication, affiliation has been left as it was at the time of original authorship. Original publication Paterson III, Hugh J. 2015. Keyboard layouts: Lessons from the Meꞌphaa and Sochiapam Chinan- tec designs. In Mari C. Jones (ed.), Endangered Languages and New Technologies, 49–66. Cam- bridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107279063.006. 1 Introduction Codification represents a major challenge for writers of endangered languages. Newtech- nologies render the process of typing on a keyboard more accessible and less expensive than at any previous point in time. -
THE SWEDISH LANGUAGE Sharingsweden.Se PHOTO: CECILIA LARSSON LANTZ/IMAGEBANK.SWEDEN.SE
FACTS ABOUT SWEDEN / THE SWEDISH LANGUAGE sharingsweden.se PHOTO: CECILIA LARSSON LANTZ/IMAGEBANK.SWEDEN.SE PHOTO: THE SWEDISH LANGUAGE Sweden is a multilingual country. However, Swedish is and has always been the majority language and the country’s main language. Here, Catharina Grünbaum paints a picture of the language from Viking times to the present day: its development, its peculiarities and its status. The national language of Sweden is Despite the dominant status of Swedish, Swedish and related languages Swedish. It is the mother tongue of Sweden is not a monolingual country. Swedish is a Nordic language, a Ger- approximately 8 million of the country’s The Sami in the north have always been manic branch of the Indo-European total population of almost 10 million. a domestic minority, and the country language tree. Danish and Norwegian Swedish is also spoken by around has had a Finnish-speaking population are its siblings, while the other Nordic 300,000 Finland Swedes, 25,000 of ever since the Middle Ages. Finnish languages, Icelandic and Faroese, are whom live on the Swedish-speaking and Meänkieli (a Finnish dialect spoken more like half-siblings that have pre- Åland islands. in the Torne river valley in northern served more of their original features. Swedish is one of the two national Sweden), spoken by a total of approxi- Using this approach, English and languages of Finland, along with Finnish, mately 250,000 people in Sweden, German are almost cousins. for historical reasons. Finland was part and Sami all have legal status as The relationship with other Indo- of Sweden until 1809. -
Deaf Signers Use Phonology to Do Arithmetic
Learning and Individual Differences 32 (2014) 246–253 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Learning and Individual Differences journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/lindif Deaf signers use phonology to do arithmetic Josefine Andin ⁎, Jerker Rönnberg, Mary Rudner Linnaeus Centre HEAD, Swedish Institute for Disability Research, Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Linköping University, SE-581 83Linköping,Sweden article info abstract Article history: Deaf students generally lag several years behind hearing peers in arithmetic, but little is known about the mech- Received 22 April 2013 anisms behind this. In the present study we investigated how phonological skills interact with arithmetic. Eigh- Received in revised form 16 January 2014 teen deaf signers and eighteen hearing non-signers took part in an experiment that manipulated arithmetic and Accepted 20 March 2014 phonological knowledge in the language modalities of sign and speech. Independent tests of alphabetical and na- tive language phonological skills were also administered. There was no difference in performance between Keywords: Deaf signers groups on subtraction, but hearing non-signers performed better than deaf signers on multiplication. For the Arithmetic deaf signers but not the hearing non-signers, multiplicative reasoning was associated with both alphabetical Phonology and phonological skills. This indicates that deaf signing adults rely on language processes to solve multiplication tasks, possibly because automatization of multiplication is less well established in deaf adults. © 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/). 1. Introduction children outperform hearing children on problems that involve spatial ar- rays of figures (Zarfaty, Nunes, & Bryant, 2004). -
Authentic Language
! " " #$% " $&'( ')*&& + + ,'-* # . / 0 1 *# $& " * # " " " * 2 *3 " 4 *# 4 55 5 * " " * *6 " " 77 .'%%)8'9:&0 * 7 4 "; 7 * *6 *# 2 .* * 0* " *6 1 " " *6 *# " *3 " *# " " *# 2 " " *! "; 4* $&'( <==* "* = >?<"< <<'-:@-$ 6 A9(%9'(@-99-@( 6 A9(%9'(@-99-(- 6A'-&&:9$' ! '&@9' Authentic Language Övdalsk, metapragmatic exchange and the margins of Sweden’s linguistic market David Karlander Centre for Research on Bilingualism Stockholm University Doctoral dissertation, 2017 Centre for Research on Bilingualism Stockholm University Copyright © David Budyński Karlander Printed and bound by Universitetsservice AB, Stockholm Correspondence: SE 106 91 Stockholm www.biling.su.se ISBN 978-91-7649-946-7 ISSN 1400-5921 Acknowledgements It would not have been possible to complete this work without the support and encouragement from a number of people. I owe them all my humble thanks. -
Belgian AZERTY Keyboard
Belgians, Flemings: Demand your Swiss Keyboard! Serge Y. Stroobandt Copyright 2013–2015, licensed under Creative Commons BY-NC-SA Belgian AZERTY keyboard Three variants: French, Belgian and Tamazight (Berber). The AZERTY layout is used in France, Belgium and some African countries. It differs from the QWERTY layout in this: • The location of the [A] and [Q] keys are interchanged. • The location of the [Z] and [W] keys are interchanged. • [M] is moved to the right of [L] (where [; :] is on a US keyboard), • The digits [0] to [9] are on the same keys, but to be typed the shift key must be pressed. The unshifted positions are used for accented characters, • [Caps lock] is replaced by [Shift lock] , thus affecting non-letter keys as well. However, there is an ongoing evolution towards a [Caps lock] key instead of a [Shift lock] . It is used by most French speakers based in Europe, though France and Bel- gium each have their own national variations on the layout. Luxemburg and the French-speaking part of Switzerland use the Swiss QWERTZ keyboard. Most of the residents of Quebec, the mainly French-speaking province of Canada, use a QWERTY keyboard that has been adapted to the French lan- guage, although the government of Quebec and the Canadian federal gov- ernment stipulate and use the Multilingual Standard keyboard CAN/CSA Z243.200-92.[1][2][3] Het is de meest gebruikelijke indeling in België en in Frankrijk. Het toetsen- bord is ontworpen om gemakkelijk Franstalige teksten te kunnen invoeren, doch wordt niet alleen in Franstalige gebieden gebruikt: in heel België, waaron- der het Nederlandstalige Vlaanderen, is AZERTY de norm. -
Kingdom of Sweden
Johan Maltesson A Visitor´s Factbook on the KINGDOM OF SWEDEN © Johan Maltesson Johan Maltesson A Visitor’s Factbook to the Kingdom of Sweden Helsingborg, Sweden 2017 Preface This little publication is a condensed facts guide to Sweden, foremost intended for visitors to Sweden, as well as for persons who are merely interested in learning more about this fascinating, multifacetted and sadly all too unknown country. This book’s main focus is thus on things that might interest a visitor. Included are: Basic facts about Sweden Society and politics Culture, sports and religion Languages Science and education Media Transportation Nature and geography, including an extensive taxonomic list of Swedish terrestrial vertebrate animals An overview of Sweden’s history Lists of Swedish monarchs, prime ministers and persons of interest The most common Swedish given names and surnames A small dictionary of common words and phrases, including a small pronounciation guide Brief individual overviews of all of the 21 administrative counties of Sweden … and more... Wishing You a pleasant journey! Some notes... National and county population numbers are as of December 31 2016. Political parties and government are as of April 2017. New elections are to be held in September 2018. City population number are as of December 31 2015, and denotes contiguous urban areas – without regard to administra- tive division. Sports teams listed are those participating in the highest league of their respective sport – for soccer as of the 2017 season and for ice hockey and handball as of the 2016-2017 season. The ”most common names” listed are as of December 31 2016. -
Japanese Typing Tutorial (For Mac): コンピュータで日本語
JPN_Typing_Tutorial_Mac.doc Japanese Typing Tutorial (for Mac): コンピュータで日本語 1. Enable Japanese language features 1) In the Microsoft Office 2004 folder on your hard disk, open the Additional Tools folder, and then open the Microsoft Language Register folder. 2) Drag the Microsoft Word icon on top of the Microsoft Language Register utility. 3) In the Select the language to enable for pop-up menu, click Japanese. Note After running the Microsoft Language Register program, you should select the Japanese keyboard layout provided with the Apple OS, or a third-party keyboard layout of your choice. To do so, open System Preferences, click International, and then click the Input Menu tab. 4) In the menu bar at the top of the screen do you see American flag icon or “A” in the black box? Click the icon, and choose [あ] Hiragana. 2. How to Type ひらがな 2.1 Romaji Typing System When you type Japanese, you have to use Romanization because HIRAGANA or KATAKANA is not listed on your keyboard. But the Romanization you are supposed to use for the word processor is not quite the same as the one you learned in class. You have to interpret Romanization as a mere substitution for the written syllables, HIRAGANA. You first have to consider how the word you want to type is written in HIRAGANA and then transcribe each HIRAGANA character into corresponding romaji. After typing in the Romanization, hit ‘Enter’ key (do not hit ‘Space’ key before hitting ‘Enter’ key, that will convert HIRAGNA into Kanji). Hit space key after each word if you want to have a space. -
Keyboard Layouts
Manuel Matuzović @mmatuzo ViennaJS 05/2017 KEYBOARD CONTROLS FOR AN INTERNATIONAL USER BASE Manuel Matuzovic Manuel Matuzović č, ć, đ, dž, š, ž, nj, lj q, w, x Keyboard layouts “A keyboard layout is any specific mechanical, visual, or functional arrangement of the keys, legends, or key-meaning associations (respectively) of a computer, typewriter, or other typographic keyboard.” Wikipedia QWERTY QWERTZ AZERTY JCUKEN Soooo? Events • keydown The keydown event is fired when a key is pressed down. • keyup The keyup event is fired when a key is released. • keypress The keypress event is fired when a key is pressed down Values • keyCode Returns a numerical code identifying the value of the pressed key. • which Returns a numeric code identifying the value of the pressed key; this is usually the same as keyCode. • charCode Returns a Number representing the Unicode reference number of the key; this atribute is used only by the keypress event. event.keyCode window.addEventListener('keydown', navigate); function navigate(e) { ... if (e.keyCode === 68) { moveLeftAndRight(1); } if (e.keyCode === 90) { shootMissile(); } } Issues • Different meaning of properties when handling a key event (keydown or keyup) versus a character event (keypress). • The values of keys in keypress events are different between browsers. • Inconsistent values for keys and events cross-browser • keyCode on key events tries to be international-friendly, but isn’t QWERTZ QWERTY QWERTY Remember AZERTY? UI Events: API • Two new properties: key and code • event.key - printable character or a descriptive string, e.g. z • event.code - physical key, e.g. KeyY • Reference keyboard in the specification Reference keyboard event.keyCode window.addEventListener('keydown', navigate); function navigate(e) { .. -
Malayalam Keyboard Layout Download.Pdf
Malayalam keyboard layout download LINK TO DOWNLOAD Download Malayalam Keyboard. Sponsored. Malayalam inscript keyboard layout is used to type Malayalam in unicode. Inscrpit is developed by C-Dac for all Indian Languages. Malayalam Keyboard layout in inscript methode help to type Malayalam very fast. The Malayalam Keyboard layout is . This keyboard lets you type in Malayalam with the standardised Inscript layout. It is easy to use for people familiar with Malayalam, or with other Inscript keyboards. The keyboard uses a normal English (QWERTY) keyboard. If a special font is needed for this language, most computers will download it . Loading the keyboard layout, please wait. malayalam keyboard free download - Malayalam Keyboard, Malayalam Keyboard, Malayalam Keyboard, and many more programs. Malayalam Keyboard is a simply keyboard that have English letter keyboard layout with different Malayalam typing keyboard themes and size. User can change theOperating System: Android. Download malayalam keyboard for windows 10 for free. Education software downloads - Madhuri Malayalam Typing by unknown and many more programs are available for instant and free download. Download malayalam typing keyboard for pc for free. Education software downloads - Madhuri Malayalam Typing by unknown and many more programs are available for instant and free download. This Malayalam Keyboard enables you to easily type Malayalam online without installing Malayalam renuzap.podarokideal.ru can use your computer keyboard or mouse to type Malayalam letters with this online keyboard. Pressing Esc on the Malayalam keyboard layout will toggle the mouse input between virtual QWERTY keyboard and virtual Malayalam keyboard. The key will also turn on/off your keyboard . Online Malayalam Keyboard. -
Phonetic Transcriptions As a Public Service
TMH - QPSR Vol. 51 Phonetic transcriptions as a public service Michaël Stenberg Centre for Languages and Literature, Lund University Abstract This paper, which highlights one aspect of a thesis work in progress, focuses phonetic transcriptions aimed at a general public. It compares various systems used, and discusses what social circumstances may promote a demand for this kind of transcription. Public service transcriptions appear in encyclopedias, foreign and second language textbooks, phrasebooks for travellers, dictionaries or databases for broadcasters, and even in advertising. Sweden, a country with a relatively high and even level of education, experienced an increasing need for such transcriptions in the second half of the 20th century. An interesting—and particularly Swedish—application are the so-called respelled pronunciations introduced in 1959 by Systembolaget (the Swedish Alcohol Retail Monopoly) in its product catalogues, with the view of making customers feel less awkward asking for wines at the counter. In more recent years, the advent of the Internet has brought an abundance of IPA as well as respelled transcriptions, some of them elaborate and scientifically done, others, however, of doubtful quality. Keywords: phonetic transcription, general public, IPA, respelled transcription, social circumstances Introduction prestige. Conversely, mispronouncing a loan- word, a well-known foreign name or trademark, Phonetic transcriptions appear in many contexts sometimes may have a stigmatizing effect. and may thus be directed to a variety of target groups. In scientific works, such as recordings of dialects or advanced pronunciation dictio- Background naries, they are aimed at a narrow circle of The national romantic currents in 19th century scholars or specialists, likewise when used Europe aroused an overall interest in folklore.