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Investigation of Population Establishment Pattern in The Copyright © 2014 Scienceline Publication Journal of Civil Engineering and Urbanism Volume 4, Issue 4: 390-396 (2014) ISSN-2252-0430 Investigation of Population Establishment Pattern in the Residential Centers of Tehran Metropolitan Area in Relation to the Role of Urban- Regional Management and Planning System (1966-2011) Manijeh Lalepour Assistant Professor, Department of Geography and Urban Planning, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran *Corresponding author’s E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT: Current study has analyzed the trend of population establishment in residential centers of Tehran metropolitan area between 1986-2011 in relation to the role of formal management and planning system of the country. Hence, the trend of spatial establishment of population in the region has been considered through population absorption pattern of urban and rural settlements of the region and new towns position. The research method is descriptive-analytical. Results show that the structure of management and ORIGINAL ARTICLE Received 15 Jun. 2014 15 Jun. Received planning of Tehran metropolitan area in the organization of region’s population establishment hasn’t 2014 10 Jul. Accepted solidarity and coordination. Population settlement plans in Tehran metropolitan area which has been implemented in the framework of new towns plan has acted in an abstract space without paying attention to policy making and integrated planning for development of other physical elements such as industrial activity centers, communication network and public services and utilities of metropolitan area has acted. This matter has caused that regardless of considerable capacity making in planned new towns, these centers don’t play important role in organization of population establishment in the region. Absorption of population out of new towns’ land has been more than these planned centers. This matter has resulted in irregular development of urban settlements network of Tehran metropolitan area and emergence of environmental problems in the region. Keywords: Management and Planning System, Residential Centers, New Towns, Spatial Organization of Population, Metropolitan Area, Tehran. INTRODUCTION the success of new towns in achievement of population absorption goals and the trend of physical transition of Metropolises and metropolitan areas in new world current cities around metropolises in the view of plans have long background. Since their formation until now, content weakness. But current study, has investigated the their management procedure in urban studies has been trend of residential spaces and industrial activities discussed. So that, nowadays in developed countries and transitions of the Tehran metropolitan area in the view of most of developing countries metropolitan areas such as management. Now by spreading these regions, suitable other residential centers have defined and formal opportunity has been provided that the position of current geographic and management systems. The task of these formal planning and management system of the country in management institutes is compilation of metropolitan organization of physical elements establishment of the area’s integrated development policy and creation of Tehran metropolitan area to be evaluated. Regarding cooperation between policies, plans and actions of increasing importance of this matter, current study has management institute involved in development of considered the trend of urban settlements transitions of metropolitan areas. In Iran in spite of long record in Tehran metropolitan areas in the view of the position of urbanization and existence of large cities from past, urban and regional planning and management system. metropolitan areas and their management is a new matter The main idea of this research is that under the and considerable actions hasn’t done in this regard. condition of management multiplicity and fragmentation During some decades which pass from these regions in Tehran metropolitan area and lack of plans and formation, management and planning of their physical- management institute actions’ coordinator which are spatial transitions has been done with traditional and proportion to spatial development requirements, physical- common planning method. In fact administrative spatial development won’t be according to approved plans executive system of the country in current conditions and projects and metropolitan area will encounter hasn’t defined and specific systems of metropolitan areas irregular physical development. management. In spite of this matter, from 1981s, the plan The aim of this study is recognition of spatial of construction of new towns around large and medium transition of Tehran metropolitan area’s urban settlement cities has been proposed. In 1985, the plan of construction and identification of position of formal management and of 5 new towns in different points of Tehran was approved planning system and performed plans in spatial and since 1992, their operation was begun. Consideration organization of residential centers of Tehran metropolitan of literature shows that different researches has assessed area. In this relation, questions are proposed as following: To cite this paper: Lalepour M. 2014. Investigation of Population Establishment Pattern in the Residential Centers of Tehran Metropolitan Area in Relation to the Role of Urban-Regional Management and Planning System (1966-2011). J. Civil Eng. Urban., 4 (4): 390-396. Journal homepage: http://www.ojceu.ir/main/ 390 Has transition and formation of urban settlement of with the aim of decentralization from metropolises. In Tehran metropolitan area been according to approved order to achievement of this purpose, forecasts for these plans? How much have approved plans and projects been cities in given periods mainly in population and successful in organization of urban settlements employment attraction were done (Garakhlou et al., 2009: establishment of the Tehran metropolitan area? In this 17). New towns pattern as a basis for organization and relation, population and spatial transition of urban refinement of large cities has been selected. Nowadays, settlement in Tehran metropolitan area has been these cities along with other residential centers have considered. Also, in order to the recognition of formal formed world’s metropolitan areas. management and planning system of the region, the role of new towns in population absorption has been Related approaches to management system of investigated. metropolitan areas: Simultaneous presence of separate realms of local management in metropolitan areas resulted MATERIAL AND METHODS in competition in population and activity attraction in the region level. This matter encounters problem the Current study has been done using descriptive- cooperation between realms of local managements and as analytical method. In first step, concepts and theoretical a result policymaking and integrated spatial planning of foundations in metropolitan areas formation and their metropolitan area. Practical answer of metropolises to this physical-spatial management and planning system using matter can be accompanied by new organizational library study has been investigated. In order to answer arrangements. Coordination is the main axis in dispersed study questions, through documental study and refer to organizational view of metropolitan areas. So, knowing published figure of statistical center of Iran and related the spatial development challenges of metropolises the agencies, the trend of spatial transitions of urban fundamental question is how different management settlements of Tehran metropolitan area has been institutes functions in institutional fragmentation and investigated. continuous spatial interruption can be coordinated. In order to extraction of population and industrial Two management approaches has been proposed: workshops statistics, 1966-2011 statistical yearbooks classic regionalism approach which suggest the solution in relating to Tehran and Karaj have been used. In order to creation of new level of metropolitan area government. presentation of new towns location rather than But because governmental reshuffle strategies and communication networks in the region, Arc GIS has been establishment of new form of government is possible used. Finally, with combination and adaptation of hardly; new regionalism approach suggests the idea of theoretical foundations and results, physical transitions metropolitan area governance (Salet et al., 2003). New features of Tehran metropolitan area and related matters regionalism in spatial management of metropolitan areas was deduced. In conclusion necessary actions and suggests rely on current governmental structures and solutions have been presented in order to modification of organization or participation in these familiar institute region’s management and spatial-physical planning functions. According to this approach, because system with emphasis on residential centers establishment metropolitan area is full of different actors of public and system of the region. private sector in multilayer levels of spatial scale which are active and effective in all urban policymaking levels, Theoretical Foundations the main challenge is to find useful point for organization The concept and trend of physical- spatial of “relation and connection“ among different function organization of metropolises and metropolitan areas: areas. William Salet (2003) names this challenge as Phenomenon of metropolis in its common and new ‘metropolitan coordination
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