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Relationship between vision deficiency and foveal anatomical changes in pigmentosa Pamela Campos, Bárbara Delás, Gemma Julio, Sara Lluch, Asaad Mouafk Department, Terrassa Hospital, Barcelona Spain

Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is an inherited disease characterized by photoreceptors and retinal pigment epithelium degeneration. The peripheral vision in patients with RP is highly compromised. The remaining central vision is associated with functional vision, and is commonly used to monitor disease development. As the disease progresses, patients undergo loss of and deficiency. Background To determine whether results of color vision tests, Ishihara and Farnsworth-Munsell D-15 (FM D-15), could be good Aim markers of RP central impairment.

Methods and results

Figure 1. BCVA distribution in the sample Figure 3. Distribution of the error numbers

12 10 3

10 8 8 2 6 6 48%

4 Number of of Number

Number of eyes of Number 4 32% Number of eyes of Number 1

2 2

Media =0,62 8% Desviación típica =0,284 N =25 4% 4% 4% 0 0 0 0,0 0,2 0,4 0,6 0,8 1,0 0 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 13 14 15 0 3 11 13 16 17 BCVA Number of error with FM-D15 Number of errors

Figure 2. Optical coherence tomographic image vertically profiled along the fovea Type of color defect (angle or confusion axis) ELM • 8% - (tritanope eyes) IS / OS • 44% no specific axis of confusion COST (1) • 24% misclassified EPR • No protanope or deuteranope eyes

Table 2. Spearman correlations between the anatomical variables and the number of errors in color test • Category 0: Absent line Errors ELM IS/OS COST FB CFT RNFL • Category 1: Present but short line • Category 2: Distinct and continuous line Ishihara -0.713** -0.808** -0.509** -0.719** ------Table 1. Category distribution of the outer retinal layers FM-D15 -0.497* -0.517** -0.514** -0.551** ------

category ELM IS/OS COST FB ! 0 5 (20%) 8 (32%) 16 (64%) 13 (52%) **Significant correlation at level p<0.01; *significant correlation at 1 5 (20%) 4 (16%) 8 (32%) 12 (48%) level p<0.05; ------no significant correlation 2 15 (60%) 13 (52%) 1 (4%) ! Conclusions

Ishihara test results were the best related to anatomical impairment, which could indicate that color deficiencies were not recent. This statement is supported by anatomical results since most of the eyes had lost COST and FB. FM D-15, may acquire more relevant role in other samples with earlier foveal alterations. Previous studies indicated that patients with RP and good BCVA could undergo early color defects, mainly, tritanope. Therefore, color vision tests could be considered as good indicators of the progression of RP but their efficacy may change depending on the foveal impairment level.

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