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Can antiviral drugs known today are useful in the treatment of Novel Corona Virus or COVID-19?

Anil G. Markandeya, Samir V. Onkar and Rohitkumar G. Gore* Department of Chemistry, Fergusson College (Autonomous), Pune 411004

Abstract: This document is an effort to collect the data on the known antiviral drugs and their specific activities. Most of these are already found useful in and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-CoV).

Key Words: Influenza virus, anti influenza drug, asymptomatic , COVID-19

Introduction:

Novel Corona virus or COVID-19 pandemic which makes it difficult to identify and treat. has become global challenge in front of Drugs listed in following figure include both human race. The time required for the these types. and Rimantadin incubation and varied symptoms, it has have found useful in adults to treat type A become a challenge in front of scientific influenza virus. These are examples of small community to develop drug to treat this organic molecules used as drugs. virus. Any drug development needs about Laninamivir, , and 15-18 months to reach market. And the have already found very useful growth in the number of patients detected in the treatment of both type A and B with COVID-19 is increasing with influenza virus. These can be administrated tremendous speed; which increases the by either oral route or inhalation. pressure on the healthcare system to treat is the first synthetic drug that has been these patients. Here in this document, some active against a wide range of RNA viruses important and useful antiviral drugs and such as virus (HCV), respiratory their use has been highlighted for SARS- syncytial virus (RSV) and influenza viruses. COVID-19 infection. has been used in the treatment of all types (A, B and C) influenza viruses. Antiviral Drugs: Recently, it has been recommended to use in Although COVID-19 is a novel virus, but the treatment of Ebola virus. has symptoms similar to influenza or SARS; H2N NH2 HO O O HO OH O

O O HO H OH HO H OH

HN HN Amantadine HN NH2 HN NH2 (Influenza Type A) (Influenza Type A) O O NH NH O Laninamivir Zanamivir F N (Influenza Type A and B) (Influenza Type A and B) NH2 O N N OH O S S Favipiravir O (Influenza Type A, B and C) O N HN O NH2 O HN O N HN Oseltamivir OH (Influenza Type A and B) HN O H H H N OH N H2N

NH O OH

O O Peramivir (Influenza Type A and B (SARA-CoV and HIV) Swine Flu) HN O NH

O OH N O NH2 H N N NH HO N O O 2 O N O P HN O O N N O N Lopinavir N OH OH (SARA-CoV and HIV) O HO OH Ribavirin (SARS, Influenza viruses and Viral hemorrhagic fevers)

Remdesivir H2N (SARS-Cov, Ebola)

N O HN O HO N O N H N O NH O

H2N N OH OH H Camostat (SARS-Cov) (Ebola and Marburg) Figure: Antiviral Drugs Conclusion: In view of available information of and C. The drug Ritonavir, Lopinavir, COVID-19 suspected patient need to isolate Ramdesivir, Camostat are shown effective and maintain the eosinophils for the results for SARA-CoV and HIV and improvement, act as predictor of COVID- Galidesivir was treated for Ebola and 19. No effectual therapy is recognized for Marburg. These all the drug can be act as COVID-19 at present. The series of drug helpful drugs for COVID-19 as per the Amantadine, Rimantadin, Laninamivir, symptoms identified in patient. Further Zanamivir, Peramivir, Favipiravir, researches on a larger scale are needed to Oseltamvir are proven for influenza A, B confirm these points.

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