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«Augustulus» -27-476 L’aigle des Prétoriens, Garde rapprochée de l’Empereur. L’Empire Romain d’Auguste à Romulus SENATVS POPVLVSQVE ROMANVS Au nom du Sénat et du peuple romain : «Augustulus» -27-476 (l’Empereur n’est théoriquement que le princeps inter pares, L’armée romaine au coeur même de l’Empire : le premier des sénateurs) bas relief aux centurions, enseigne d’une légion (au nom de l’empereur Septimus Severus), uniformes reconstitués. Les empereurs en titre sont (logiquement) désignés par la couleur pourpre ; leur nom est souligné et leur ordre de séquence indiqué comme suit : XXX (99) : empereur «légitime» (investi par son prédécesseur, reconnu par l’armée et/ou le Sénat, maître de Rome) XXX (/99) : empereur associé (fils, co-empereur, Caesar, etc.) XXX (<99) : compétiteur (empereur auto-désigné ou proclamé par Le galeum (casque légionnaire), ses troupes - le plus souvent) l’enseigne d’une Légion Octavienne (VIII) XXX (II) : ordre de séquence en chiffres romains pour les et le scutum (bouclier légionnaire). empereurs gaulois (257/273 puis 383-413) XXX (A, A1, C2) : selon titulature Caesar ou Augustus (réforme de Diocletianus) et éventuelle position dans la hiérarchie administrative de l’Empire. © 2006 Etienne Pattou dernière mise à jour : 06/11/2017 sur http://racineshistoire.free.fr/LGN 1 Empire Romain d’Occident Origines Caius Julius Caesar Julia Dynastie Julio-Claudienne + ~85/86 av. J-C. + 68 av. J-C. ép. Aurelia Cotta ép. Caius Marius + 86 av. J-C. Julia Julia Caius Julius Caesar ép. 1) Pinarius ép. M. Atius Balbus ° 13/07/101 av. J-C. + 15/03/44 (11h) av. J-C. (Rome) ép. 2) Q. Pedius Pontifex (78), Questeur (69), Edile curule (66-65), Pontifex maximus (03/63), Préteur (09/63 pour 62), Propreteur (05/61), Imperator (06/60) Triumvir (07/60), 1) Pinarius 2) Q. Pedius Atia Maior Consul (08/60 pour 59), Proconsul en Gaule (58-49), ép. C. Octavius Imperator (12/50), franchit le Rubicon (17/12/50 ou 01/49 ?), (1er mariage avec a) Ancharia + 59) Dictateur (12/49 et Consul pour 48), Consul L. Pinarius Q. (01/46, 01/45 et Dictateur, 01/44) Scarpius Pedius ép. 1) 84 (div.) Cossutia tous deux héritiers de César ép. 2) Cornelia + 69 (fille du consul Cinna) pour chacun 1/8° de ses biens ép. 3) 67 (répud. 01/61) Pompeia (fille de P. Rufus ; petite-fille de Sylla) a) Octavia ° 64 + 11 av. J-C Caius Octavius (1) ép. 4) 58 Calpurnia (fille de L. Calpurnius Piso Caesonius) ép. 1) Caius Claudius Marcellus ° 02/08 ou 23/09/63 av. J-C liaisons avec a) Mucia, b) Tertulia, c) Servilia (mère de Brutus) ép. 2) 10/40 av. J-C Marcus Antonius + 19/08 ou 14/09/14 ap. J-C (Nola) et la Reine d’Egypte d) Kleopatra ° ~69 + 30 av. J-C (suicide) ° ~83 + 08/30 av. J-C Magister equitum adopté par César (13/09/45) sous le nom (fille de Ptolémée XIII «Aulète») (~56), tribun du Peuple (11/50), Augure, de Caius Julius Caesar Octavianus Consul (44), maître de 17 légions (43) héritier pour 6/8° des biens de César, avant le triumvirat désigné Auguste (16/01/27) 1er Empereur ép. 1) ~43/42 (répudiée vierge en 41) Claudia postérité qui suit (p.3 haut) (fille de Clodius et de Fulvie) 2) Julia + 09/54 d) Césarion ép. 2) 02/40 (répud. 39) Scribonia (1er mariage ép. Cneius Pompeius Ptolémée XV avec Cornelius Scipio, dont postérité) Magnus ° 29/09/105 + 30 av. J-C (ass. ép. 3) 17/01/38 Livia Drusilla dite «Julia Augusta» + 28/09/48 (ass. en rade par Auguste ° 30/01/58 av. J-C + 29 ap. J-C (descendante de Péluse, Egypte) après Actium) d’Aufidius Lurco et d’Appius Pulcher ; fille de Marcus Livius Drusus Claudianus ; 1er mariage en 43 avec Tiberius Claudius Drusus Nero) postérité qui suit (p.3 bas ) 2 Octavia Marcus Antonius a eu de sa liaison avec la reine d’Egypte Kleopatra : Empire Romain 2 et 1) Caius Claudius Marcellus 1) Alexander, 2) Séléné qui ép. Juba - d’où Ptolémée dit «Le Marocain» et 3) Ptolémée. d’Occident et 2) Marcus Antonius Dynastie 1) Marcella Maior 1) Marcella Minor 1) Marcellus 2) Antonia Maior 2) Antonia Minor Julio-Claudienne ° 64 + 11 av. J-C ép. 1) Aemilius Lepidus + 23 av. J-C + 40 av. J-C (suicide) ° 36 av. J-C Descendance ép. 1) Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa ép. 2) Valerius Messala ép. 06/24 av. J-C ép. Lucius Domitius + 01/05/37 ap. J-C de la demi-soeur ( a) précédent mariage avec Julia 1ère (fille Ahenobarbus (fils ép. 16 av. J-C Drusus 1er d’Auguste Pomponia, fille d’Atticus) d’Auguste) de Cneius Domitius) + 8 av. J-C (Germanie) ép. 2) Julius Antonius (fils (fils de Cneius Domitius) de Marcus Antonius et de Fulvia) Claudia Barbatus Pulchra ép. Domitia Lepida Domitia Gnaeus Domitia Lepida ép. Publius Domitius ép. 1) Barbatus a) Vipsania 1) Marcellina Quintilius ép. 1) Tiberius ép. Agrippina II ép. 2) Appius Silanus Varus Valeria Messalina (Agrippinilla) ép. 2) Gallus (fils de Pollion) +X (Teutoburg) ép. 1) Claudius, Empereur ép. 2) Silius Julio-Claudiens Caius Octavius (1) 2 et 1) Claudia ; et 2) Scribonia ; et 3) Livia Drusilla 1) Julia 1ère ° 39 av. J-C + 14 ap. J-C (Rhegium) exilée (02 av. J-C) 2) Drusus + jeune ép. 1) 06/24 av. J-C Marcellus + 23 av. J-C ép. 2) 21 av. J-C Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa + 20/03/12 av. J-C Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa a eu de 1) Vipsania (=3ème mariage ; 1er mariage avec Pomponia, fille d’Atticus, et 2nd avec Marcella) qui ép. 1) Tiberius et 2) Gallus (fils de Pollion) ép. 3) 11 av. J-C Tiberius + 23 av. J-C et de 2) Marcellina. 2) Caius ° 20 av. J-C 2) Julia II (Julilla) ° 19 av. J-C + 29 ap. J-C exilée (08 ap. J-C) 2) Lucius ° 17 av. J-C 2) Vipsania 2) Agrippa 3?) Tiberillus + 21/02/04 ap. J-C ép. 30/07 av. J-C Aemilius Lucius Paullus, Consul (01 av. J-C) + 20/08/01 (Marseille) Agrippina 1ère Posthumus + jeune (Limira, Lycie) + (suicide) (petit-fils de Scribonia par Scipion) «Prince ° 14 av. J-C ° 06/12 av. J-C «Prince de la Jeunesse» de la Jeunesse» + 18/10/33 (Pandataria) + 14 ap. J-C (ass.) (06 av. J-C) (06 av. J-C) exilée (30 ap. J-C) adopté par Auguste ép. Livilla (fille de Drusus 1er) Ganymedus Aemilia ép. Appius Silanus ép. Aemilia Lepida ép. Germanicus, (26/06/04 ap. J-C), ép. Drusilla Maior (ép. 2) Domitia Lepida) (fils de Drusus 1er) exilé à Planasie (07 ap. J-C) Marcus Julius Calvina ép. Lucius Vitellius Silanus Silanus (parents de Aulus Vitellius, Empereur) 3 Tiberius Claudius Nero Empire Romain 2, 3 d’Occident Tiberius Claudius Drusus Nero ép. 43 av. J-C Livia Drusilla (qui ép. ensuite Auguste) Fusion Des dynasties Julienne et Claudienne Dynastie Julio- Tiberius Claudius Nero (2) Nero Drusus 1er «Germanicus» Claudienne ° 26/11/42 av. J-C + 16/03/37 ap. J-C (Misène) Decimus ° 36 av. J-C ép. 1) 19 av. J-C (répud. 12 av. J-C) Vipsania ° 35 av. J-C + 08 av. J-C (Germanie) + 20 ap.J-C (fille de Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa et de Pomponia) ép. 16 av. J-C ép. 2) 11 av. J-C (div. 02 av. J-C) Julia 1ère Antonia Minor + 01/05/37 1) Tiberius Drusus II «Castor» Livilla Tiberius Claudius Drusus dit Drusus Julius Caesar ép. 1) Caius Caesar Nero Drusus «Germanicus» (4) «Germanicus» ° 07/10/14 av. J-C ép. 2) Drusus II ° 10 av. J-C (Lugdunum, Lyon) ° 24/05/15 av. J-C + 11 ou 14/09/23 ap. J-C «Castor» + 13/10/54 ap. J-C (ass.) conquérant + 10/10/19 ap. J-C ép. Livilla de la Bretagne (01/08-07/09/43) (Antioche), adopté ép. 1) ? par Tibère (27/06/04) ép. 2) Plautia Urgulanilla ép. 05 Agrippina 1ère jumeaux ép. 3) Aelia Paetina Julia Helena Livilla Tiberius Drusus Germanicus (soeur adoptive de Séjan) postérité ° 14 ap. J-C + 43 «Gemellus» Caesar ép. 4) Valeria Messalina + 08/09/48 (ass.) qui suit (p.5) ép. 1) Nero Caesar ° 19 ap. J-C ° 19 ap. J-C ép. 5) 49 Agrippina II «Minora» ép. 2) 33 Rubellius Blandus, + 10 ou 11/37 + jeune (4 ans) sénateur (exéc.) 2) Drusillus 3) Antonia 4) Octavia 4) Britannicus ° 29 + 65 (ass.) ° 40 + 62 (ass.) ° 12/02/41 ép. 1) Pompeius Minor ép. 2) 53 Nero, Empereur + 55 (ass.) (Le Jeune) ép. 2) Faustus Sulla, consul (52) 2) 1 fils 4 Drusus Germanicus Empire Romain 4 et Agrippina 1ère d’Occident Fin de la Dynastie Nero 1er Caesar Drusus III Caius Caius Caesar Germanicus Agrippina II Drusilla «Maiora» Julia III Livilla Julio-Claudienne ° 06 + 33 (ass.) ° 07 + 33 ° 11 + 12 Caligula (3) «Minora» ° 17 + 10/06/38 ° 18 + 41 exilé à Ponza (30) ép. Aemilia ° 31/08/12 (Antium) + 24/01/41 + fin 03/59 (ass.) ép. 1) 33 Lucius ép. 33 Marcus ép. Julia Helena Lepida (ass. par Chereas) ép. 1) 28 Gnaeus Cassius Longinus Vinicius Livilla (nièce ép. 1) Junia Claudilla + 36 Domitius ép. 2) Aemilius d’Aemilius) ép. 2) 05/38 Livia Orestilla Ahenobarbus + 40 Lepidus ép. 3) 10/38 Lollia Paulina consul (32) (fils Ganymedus ép. 4) Milonia Caesonia d’Antonia Maior) + 01/41 (ass.) ép. 2) Crispus Passienus ép. 3) Claudius, 4) Julia Drusilla empereur ° ~39/40 + 01/41 (ass.) 1) Lucius Nero Domitius Tiberius Claudius dit Nero Claudius Caesar Germanicus (5) ° 15/12/37 (Antium) + 11/06/68 (suicide) adopté par Claudius (25/02/50) ép.
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