University of Massachusetts Amherst ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst International Conference on Engineering and International Conference on Engineering and Ecohydrology for Fish Passage Ecohydrology for Fish Passage 2016
Jun 21st, 3:15 PM - 3:30 PM Ocean Connections: European River Lamprey Lampetra fluviatilis Passage Efficacy at a Tidal Barrage Using a Navigation Lock as a Novel Fish Pass S. Silva Durham University
M. Lowry Durham University
C. Macaya Durham University
B. Barry Durham University
E. Silva Durham University
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Silva, S.; Lowry, M.; Macaya, C.; Barry, B.; Silva, E.; and Lucas, M., "Ocean Connections: European River Lamprey Lampetra fluviatilis Passage Efficacy at a Tidal Barrage Using a Navigation Lock as a Novel Fish Pass" (2016). International Conference on Engineering and Ecohydrology for Fish Passage. 45. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/fishpassage_conference/2016/June21/45
This Event is brought to you for free and open access by the Fish Passage Community at UMass Amherst at ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. It has been accepted for inclusion in International Conference on Engineering and Ecohydrology for Fish Passage by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Presenter Information S. Silva, M. Lowry, C. Macaya, B. Barry, E. Silva, and M. Lucas
This event is available at ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/fishpassage_conference/2016/June21/45 European River Lamprey Lampetra fluviatilis passage efficacy at a tidal barrage using a navigation lock as a novel fish pass
Silva, S; Lowry, M; Macaya, C; Barry, B., Silva, E & Lucas, M.
21-06-2016 Introduction
Lock-and-dam structures abundant around the world Diadromous fishes specially affected Affecting access to the whole basin Using locks as fish passes potential alternative
Aim of this study
Effectiveness of using locks at tidal barrages for European river lamprey passage
Attraction and passage by any other routes Study site
River Derwent (UK)
Barmby Barrage first obstacle
Relevant obstacle for lamprey passage (Lucas et al. 2009) Barmby barrage
Causes: Physical obstruction? Velocity barrier? Background
Lock as a vertical slot fish pass ~40 cm gap between gates
~ 4 hours per ebbing tide
Sluices remain open for several hours more Experimental design
Study split into 2 elements:
CAN lamprey pass through lock (PIT telemetry)
WILL they enter lock (acoustic telemetry)
Eel pot Pit Telemetry
PIT telemetry Fine scale tracking in lock (passage efficiency) Two arrays (time of passage, passage efficiency) Two pilot trials and ten trials
Acoustic telemetry Attraction Alternative routes Behaviour
Eleven trials (~ 4 h per trial). N = 267 (10 radio tagged) % lamprey attempting Passage efficiency Time of passage
Acoustic telemetry (Will they use the lock?)
69 KHz n = 59 (> 380-390 mm)
1 at flooding tide, 2 at ebbing tide Range receivers ~100 m RESULTS PIT telemetry (lock passage)
Efficiency of downstream PIT array: 90% (combined for both PIT arrays = 99%) - supported by radio telemetry observations
Lampreys attempting Passage efficiency Passage from released Release site per trial (%). Mean, SE per trial (%). Mean, SE per trial (%). Mean, SE 93.3 ± 2.6 66.4 ± 5.9 62.7 ± 6.7 Lock (80.0-100) (31.8-96.4) (29.7-96.4) 54.8 ± 7.3 78.1 ± 8.1 42.6 ± 7.6 DSLock (22.2-81.8) (31.8-100.0) (11.1-80.0)
YES, THEY CAN PASS THROUGH THE LOCK Passage time of PIT tagged lamprey through the lock
Release- First lock- Release site First ups lock SE Min Max First ups lock SE Min Max
Lock 57.0 6.2 1.7 331.9 39.6 6.0 0.6 238.3
DSlock 64.1 8.7 5.4 229.3 13.0 2.5 0.2 53.7
Lock+DSlock 59.2 5.1 1.7 331.8 31.4 4.4 0.2 238.3
80 70 DSLock 60 Lock 50 40 30
20 Frequency (%) Frequency 10 0
Time passage upstream gates (min) Acoustic telemetry
21 out of 59 (36%) lamprey attempting to pass the barrage (based upon individual residence times at Derwent mouth, relative to group averages)
Outliers: lamprey attempting to pass Barmby barrage Acoustic telemetry
Lamprey passing:
16 out of 21 attempting: 76% obstruction passage efficiency!!
But:
15 (out of 16) passing through the sluices!!!! (low attraction) Acoustic telemetry
Lamprey passing:
16 out of 21 attempting: 76% obstruction passage efficiency!!
But:
15 (out of 16) passing through the sluices!!!! (low attraction)
Therefore: YES, THEY CAN PASS THROUGH THE LOCK but NO, THEY DO NOT USE IT (THEY ARE NOT ATRACTED TO IT) Factors affecting lamprey passage
Head Lower head when lamprey passed the lock (Mann Whitney U test, p < 0.05) (PIT)
Lower head when migrating to Derwent (Mann Whitney U test, p < 0.05) (Acoustic)
Higher time of passage with higher head (Pearson, p < 0.05) (PIT and Acoustic)
300 lock DSlock 240 Lineal (lock) Potencial (DSlock)
180 y = 1.4265x - 0.0482 R² = 0.62 y = 7.7397x1.9832 120 R² = 0.69
from release (min) releasefrom 60
Time of passage of the lockthe of passageof Time 0 0 0.05 0.1 0.15 Head (m) Factors affecting lamprey passage
Head Lower when lamprey passed the lock (Mann Whitney U, p < 0.05) (PIT)
Lower when migrating to Derwent (Mann Whitney U, p < 0.05) (acoustic)
Higher time of passage with higher head (Pearson, p < 0.05) (PIT and acoustic)
Tidal cycle Flooding tide: Sluices and lock close (not access nor attraction)
Attempting Obstruction Pass. from Release tide N [n (%)] Passing (n) pass. effic. (%) released (%) Flooding 24 3 (12.5%) 2 67 8 Ebbing 35 18 (51.4%) 14 78 40 Conclusions
Lamprey can pass through locks
Passage through sluices possible
Specific conditions (more studies needed)
Advantages of lock: less flow velocity (head split in two), less turbulence
Problem: attraction must be maximized
Three main factors to maximize passage in tidal barriers: Access (period of sluices-locks open) Discharge (attraction) Low flow velocity (< 1.3-1.5 m s-1) Thank you so much for your attention Lamprey capture and tagging procedure
Eel pot Sedating Measuring and weighting
Tagging (PIT, acoustic, radio) Recovering (ca. 1h) PIT telemetry (can they pass through the lock?)
32 mm PIT tag
Two release points (within and downstream the lock)
Eleven trials (~ 4 h per trial). N = 257
Two PIT arrays (three loops per array)
10 radio tagged lamprey also released Insulated copper multistrand wire used to form electromagnetic induction antenna Lamprey passing the barrage (acoustic detections)
Upstream4 barrage
Lock3
Downstream 2
barrage 2 Loggers
Downstream 1 barrage 1 Approaching Passing Upstream 0 19:30 19:45 20:00 20:15 20:30 Time (h:min) SP Water level dws [m] Water level ups [m] 343 344 345 348 349 Head difference 6 0.20 5 4 0.10 3 2 0.00 1 -0.10
0 Sluices fully open
station Head (m) Head -1 -0.20 -2 -3 -0.30 Meters or Acoustic logging Acousticlogging or Meters -4 Sluices fully close -5 -0.40 30-Nov 1-Dec
SP Water level dws [m] Water level ups [m] 351 353 356 357 358 361 367 371 375 376 382 Head difference 6 0.40
5 0.20 4 0.00 3 -0.20 2 1 -0.40 Sluices fully open
0 -0.60 Head (m) Head -1 -0.80 -2 -1.00
-3 Meters or Acoustic logging station logging Acoustic or Meters -4 -1.20 Sluices fully close -5 -1.40 12-Dec 13-Dec 14-Dec 15-Dec 16-Dec