1951 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 1413 House Resolution 93; without amendment United States relative to apportionment of calling for the equal levying of taxes: to the (Rept. No. 125). Ordered to be printed. members of the Supreme Court; to the Co~· Committee on Ways and Means. Mr. KEE: Committee on Foreign Affairs. mittee on the Judiciary. 59. By Mr. MARSHALL: Petition of citi Background information on the use of United By Mr. ELLIOTT: zens of Pillager, Minn., urging that the serv States Armed Forces in foreign countries H. Con. Res. 63. Concurrent resolution au ing and selling of alcoholic liquors and alco pursuant to House Resolution 28; without thorizing the printing as a House document holic beverages to service men and women be amendment (Rept. No. 127). Referred to of the compilation of Federal laws pertain discontinued; to the Committee on Armed the Committee of the Whole House on the ing to veterans, 1914-'.-50; to the Committee on Services. State of the Union. House Administration. 60. By the SPEAKER: Petition of Miss By Mr. BUDGE: Doris Hollingsworth, Washington, D. C., rela REPORTS OF COMMITTEES ON PRIVATE H. Res. 140. Resolution to authorize the tive to requesting the impeachment and re BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS Committee on Armed Services to conduct a moval from office of Edward M. Curran, judge full and complete investigation and study of the United States District Court for the Under clause 2 of rule XIII, reports of of the suggested plan for national defense District of Columbia; to the Committee on committees were delivered to the Clerk prepared by the Committee on National De the Judiciary. for printing and reference to the proper fense of the American Association of Junior 61. Also, petition of John DeLaMater, sec calendar, as follows: Colleges; to the Committee on Rules. retary, Mount Pleasant Citizens Association, By Mr. McCORMACK: Mr. BURLESON: Committee on House Ad Washington, D. C., relative to appointing a H. Res. 141. Resolution to provide for the ministration. House Resolution 138. Reso committee to study the public transporta unity of Ireland; to the Committee on For lution for the relief of Mrs. Annie L. Bourke; tion systems in the metropolitan area of eign Atrairs. Without amendment (Rept. No. 126). Or Washington; to the Committee on the Dis dered to be printed. trict of Columbia. MEMORIALS PUBLIC BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS Under clause 3 of rule XXII. memo. Under clause 3 of rule XXII, public· rials were presented and referred as SENATE bills and resolutions were introduced and follcws: severally referred as follows: By the SPEAKER: Memorial of the Legis WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 21, 1951 By Mr. BUDGE: lature of the State of Montana, relating to · H. R. 2792. A bill to provide for the crea Senate Joint Memorial No. 1, requesting that (Legislative day of Monday, January 29, tion of a Students' Armed Forces Training Congress continue and enhance its program 1951) Corps, and for other purposes; to the Com of rehabilitation of the landless Indian in mittee on Armed Services. Montana, known as nonwards; to the Com· The Senate met at 12 o'clock meridian, By Mr. CELLER: mittee on Interior and Insular Affairs. on the expiration of the recess. H. R. 2793. A bill to clarify the provisions · Rev. John C. Millian, D. D., district· of section 8 of the Immigration Act of Feb bruary 5, 1917 (39 Stat. 880; 8 U. S. C. 144); PRIVATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS superintendent, Methodist Church, Washington, D. C., offered the following to the Committee on the Judiciary. Under clause 1 of rule XXII, private By Mr. CROSSER: . prayer: H. R. 2794. A bill to amend section 319 of bills and resolutions were introduced and the Communications Act of 1934, so as to severally referred as follows: Holy and eternal God, ruler of men nmke inapplicable, in the case of certain By Mr. BEAMER: and nations, bestower of grace, mercy, radio stations, the requirement that a. con H. R. 2802. A bill for the relief of Ming and peace, we bow humbly and prayer· struction permit be obtained prior to issu Foon Tow; to the Committee on the Judi fully in Thy presence. ance of an operating license; to the Com ciary. Keenly aware of our failures, we come mittee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. By Mr. FINE: in deep contrition praying that in Thy By Mr. ELLIOTT: H. R. 2803. A bill for the relief of the Sun redeeming grace we may find strength H. R . .2795. A bill to amend Veterans Regu Laundry Corp.; to the Committee on the for the facing of this hour. lation No. 1 (a), as amended, to establish Judiciary. for persons who served in the Armed Forces - By Mr. HELLER: As responsibility rests heavily upon us, a statutory award for the total loss of hearing H. R. 2804. A bill to record the lawful ad wilt Thou endow us with that true wis 1n one ear; to the Committee on Veterans• mission for pe.rmanent residence of the alien dom which comes only from Th~. with Affairs. Sophie Szenczi; to the Committee on the that spiritual insight without which we By Mr. FISHER: Judiciary. are sightless, with that understanding H. R. 2796. A bill to ame.nd section 13 (c) By Mr. KILBURN: heart whereby we can pray even for our of Public Law 393 of the Eighty-first Con H. R. 2805. A bill for the relief of Gustaf gress, first session; to the Committee on Edu enemies. May Thy divine spirit turn Henrik Walfrid Walden, and his wife, Anja their hate into love and their deception cation and Labor. Leila Sylvia Seijes Walden; to the Committee By Mr. MILLER of California: on the Judiciary. into honest cooperation. H. R. 2797. A bill to provide for home rule By Mf. KING: May our strength be renewed that we and reorganization in the District of Colum H. R. 2806. A bill for the relief of Miss may rise above our faltering selves and bia; to the Committee on the· District of Elizabeth Malak; to the Committee on the with Thy help courageously bring peace Columbia. Judiciary. By Mr. MOULDER: to nations and freedom to the imprisoned H. R. 2798. A bill to amend Public Law No. By Mr. MACHROWICZ: souls of men. 172, Eighty-first Congress, approved July 12, H. R. 2807. A bill for the relief of Stanislaw We pray this in faith, believing for 1949, chapter 340, 64 Statutes 440 (title 28, Poborski; to the Committee on the Judiciary. Thine is the kingdom and the power and sec. 2680, U.S. C.); to the Committee on the By Mr. MURPHY: the glory forever. Amen. Judiciary. H. R. 2808. A bill for the relief of Salvatore By Mr. EDWIN ARTHUR HALL: Di Benedetto; to the Committee on the THE JOURNAL H. R. 2799. A bill to strengthen national Judiciary. · On request of Mr. McFARLAND, and by defense by outlawing the gerrymander and By Mr. HUGH D. SCOTT, JR.: unanimous consent, the reading of the saving representative government; to the H. R. 2809. A bill for the relief of Fran Committee on the Judiciary. ciska Gruber; to the Committee on the Journal of the proceedings of Monday~ By Mr. McGUIRE: Judiciary. February 19, 1951, was dispensed with. H. R. 2800. A bill to provide an allowance By Mr. SCRIVNER: MESSAGES FROM THE PRESIDENT for uniforms for certain officers recalled to H. R. 2810. A bill for the relief of James active service with the Armed Forces of the Nels Ekberg; to the Committee on the Messages in writing from the Presi· United States; to the Committee on Armed Judiciary. dent of the United States submitting Services. nominations were communicated to the By Mr. ROBESON: Senate by Mr. Miller, one of his secre· H. R. 2801. A bill to authorize Federal -co PETITIONS, ETC. taries. operation in the construction of a sewage Under clause 1 of rule XXII, petitions disposal system to serve the Yorktown area MESSAGE FROM THE HOUSE of the Colonial National Historical Park, Va., and papers were laid on the Clerk's desk and for other purposes; to the Committee on and referred as follows: A message from the House of Repre- _ Interior and Insular Affairs. 58. By Mr. GROSS: Petition presented by sentatives, by Mr. Snader, its assistant By Mr. COLE of New York: Virginia Kimm, of Cedar Falls, Iowa, bearing reading clerk, announced that the House H.J. Res. 168. Joint resolution proposing her name and that of 97 other residents of had passed, without amendment, the bill an amendment to the Constitution of the the Cedar Falls-Watei:loo, Iowa, area, and
Flanders Kilgore O'Conor The legislative clerk read as follows: th~n that we have already recognized the Frear Knowland O'Mahoney unique broad-mindedness of your people and Fulbright Langer Pastore Under the sponsorship of the Department George Lehman Robertson of the Army, and supervision of the United have marveled at how they h ave adapted sci Green Lodge Russell . States Federal Security Agency; the following entific developments to the utmost benefit to Hayden Long Saitonstall members of the Japanese Diet from both themselves and to mankind as a whole. Hendrickson McCarran Schoeppel Houses have been selected by the .Japanese We desire the friendship of the United Hennings McCarthy Smathers States; we dedicate ourselves to m aintenance Hickenlooper McClellan Smith, Maine Government to visit the United States in order to familiarize themselves with Ameri of closer relations between our respective Hill McFarland Smith,N. J. nations; and we shall do our utmost in con Hoey Magnuson Smith, N.C. can methods in the field of public health and Holland Malone Stennis welfare. tributing to the peacefulness of t,n.e world Humphrey Martin Taft It is my privilege and pleasure to welcome and the happiness of mankind. Hunt Maybank Th ye the following members of the Japanese Diet: Today you, the Senate of the United States Ives Millikin Tobey Ryutaro Terashima, Buichl Oishi, M. D., of Anerica of the Eighty-second Congress, Johnson.Colo. Monroney Watkins Gishin Yamashita, and Miss Natsue Inoue. have extended to us the rare privilege l)f Johnson, Tex. Morse Wherry visiting your session, for which we express John.;;ton, S. C. Mundt Wiley our deepest gratitude. Kefauver Murray Williams The VICE PRESIDENT. On beh~lf of Kem Neely the Senate the Chair desires to welcome Kerr Nixon these distinguished guests to our Cham MEMBERS OF THE JAPANESE .SOCIAL WELFARE MISSION VISITING THE UNITED STATES, JANU• Mr. JOHNSON of Texas. I announce ber and -to our country, and to express ARY-APRIL 1951 that the Senators from CGnnecticut [Mr. the hope that their visit among us will Under the sponsorship of the Department BENTON and Mr. McMAHON] are neces be pleasant and mutually profitable be- of the Army and supervision· of the United sarily absent. tween the two peoples. · States Federal Security Agency, four Japa The Senator frcm New Mexico [Mr. The Chair asks that the four members nese Diet ~embers from both houses have CHAVEZ] is absent on public business. of the Japanese Diet, who are sitting in been selected by the Japanese Government the rear of the ·· Chamber, rise so the to visit the United States in order to fa The Senator from Iowa [Mr. GIL miliarize themselves with American methods LETTE] is absent by leave of the Senate. Members of the Senate may recognize them. in the field of public health and welfare. The Senator from Tennessee ·[Mr. They arrived in Washington, D. C., on Janu The four members of the Japanese Diet ary 28, 1951, where they will remain for McKELI.ARl is absent because of illness. rose and were greeted with applause. The Senator from Alabama [Mr. 3 weeks, visiting various public and private The VICE PRESIDENT. The Chair welfare organizations. Then they plan to SPARKMAN] is absent on official business. thanks ti.1e delegation from the Japa tour the United States to study State, mu Mr. SALTONSTALL. I announce that nese Diet and now asks unanimous con nicipal, and local public health and social the Senator from Illinois [Mr. DmKSEN] sent to have printed in the CONGRESSIONAL security systems. The group wil be in the and the Senator from Idaho [Mr. RECORD a statement prepared by them. United States approximately 80 days. The WELKER] are absent on official business. mission is composed of the following persons: There being no objection, the state Ryutaro Terashima; Buichi Oishi, M. D.; The Senator from Indiana [Mr. JEN n.ent wad ordered to be printed in the Gishin Yamashita; Miss Natsue Inoue. NER] is necessarily absent. EECORD, as follows: The Senator from California [Mr. RYUTARO TERASHIMA A STATEMENT BEFORE THE SENATE OF THE Liberal Party member of the House of NIXON] is absent because of illness. UNITED STATES THIS 21ST DAY OF FEBRUARY Representatives from Chibu Prefecture; The Senator from Michigan [Mr. VAN IN THE YEAR 1951 RY FOUR MEMBERS OF THE chairman of the welfare committee. DENBERG] is absent by leave of the Senate. JAPANESE DIET Mr. Terashima was born in Mangai Vil The Senator from North Dakota [Mr. (Statement presented by Mr. Ryutaro Tera lage, Chiba Prefecture, on March 31, 1911. YOUNG] is absent by leave of the Senate shima, leader of the group) He graduated from Chiba Prefectural Agri on official business. We members of the Japanese Diet arrived cultural School in 1930 and the Daito Bunka here on the 28th day of January to partici Gaknin (Cultural College) in 1933. He has The VICE PRESIDENT. A quorum is. pate in the Japanese cultural exchange pro been an active journalist and also worked present. gram under the auspices of the Department · in various governmental positions, including TRANSACTION OF ROUTINE BUSINESS of the Army. The purpose of our mission the nonofficial staff Repatriating Farmers• has been to observe the administration of Section, Planning Bureau, Ministry of Agri Mr. McFARLAND. Mr. President, I social welfare and public health in the culture and Forestry, 1945-48. He was ask unanimous consent that Senators United States of America and our more elected a member of the House of Representa. may be permitted to present petitions specific goal is to acquire information which tives in April 1947 and reelected in January . and memorials, submit reports, intro will be helpful in revising the social-security 1949. duce bills and joint resolutions, and offer system of our country. BUICHI OISHI, M. D. matters for insertion in the RECORD, Since our arrival under the kind and help Liberal Party member of the House of ful supervision of the Federal Security Representatives from Miyagi Prefecture; without debate, the time to be divided Agency and through the cooperation of both equally between the proponents and the member of the welfare committee. the legislative bodies of the Congress of the Mr. Oishi was born on June 19, 1909, in opponents of the Douglas amendment. United States and through our association Sendai City, Miyagi Prefecture. He studied The VICE PRESIDENT. Without ob with many groups of citizens outside of at Sendai Second Middle School and Second jection, it is so ordered. Government, we have been able to follow Higher School and was graduated from closely the legislative process as it pertains VISIT BY MEMBERS OF THE JAPANESE Tohuku Imperial University's School of to social welfare and public health. Medicine in 1935. He remained at his alma DIET We eagerly look forward in the time still mater as an assistant and lecturer until The VICE PRESIDENT. Before pres remaining with the sincere desire that we October 1947, when he was appointed chief will be able to make further observations of the Internal Medicine Section, National entation of matters for the RECORD, the which will enable us to formulate more posi Chair wishes to say that the Japanese Sendai Hospital. Oishi was elected to the tive ideas in these fields. House of Representatives at a by-election in ·Diet has chosen four of its members You well knew that immediately after the May 1948 and was reelected in January 1949. representing different political groups to war the state of our nation was one of ex Oishi has been outstanding in the field of come to the United States to study our treme impoverishment, yet so fortunate for medicine and as a member of the Japan institutions, and stay among us for the our people, through the humanitarian assist Medical Association, Japan Academic Society purpose of carrying home with them ance of the people of the United States, we of Internal Medicine, and a committeeman, were able to rapidly reestablish ourselves Advisory Council on Social Security. such lessons as they may, in connection upon a minimum level of subsistence. Once with our Government and its institu again we now are able to look to the future GISHIN YAMASHITA tions, in order that they may create with the hope of making the lives of our Social Democratic Party member of the among the Japanese people and in the people happy and to the rebuilding of a more House of Councilors from Hiroshima Prefec governmental circles of Japan a wider peaceful and more democratic Japan. We ture and chairman of the health and wel understanding of our institutions, our feel that one of the most important problems fare committee; priest of Nishi Hongwanji purposes, and our ·character. ' facing us is the early estabilshment of an Buddhist sect; educator and social worker. over-all social-security system in our country. Yamashita was born on March 21, 1894, I ask that the clerk read a brief state OUr stay in the United States up to today tn Kure City, Hiroshima Prefecture, and was ment ending with the names of the dis has been about 8 weeks. It ls, therefore, graduated from the Buddhist College in 1927. tinguished members of the Japanese diffi.cult for us to express a concise state Prior to his study at the Buddhist College Diet. ment as to our impressions of America other he served in the Japanese Army as second 1416 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE FEBRUARY 21 lieutenant for several years. Yamashita country's resources and inland transporta commemoration of the thirty-third an served as lecturer at the Hiroshima Police tion facilities; and niversary of the declaration of independ School, 1940; nonofficial staff, Hiroshima "Whereas for years the governors and leg ence by the people of Lithuania at its Prefectural Office, 1942; director of War islatures of the State of Wisconsin, ·regard 1951 Republic of Lithuania celebration. Orphans' Care Center in Hiroshima Prefec less of political affiliation, have gone on rec ture, 1945; and was elected to the House of ord as favoring this great project; and I present the resolution for appropri Councilors in 1947. He has been serving as "Whereas the demand for this seaway is ate reference, and ask unanimous con chairman of the welfare committee since greater than ever today to· open the Great sent that it be printed in the RECORD. May 1948, to which post he was reelected in Lakes to navigation by seagoing vessels and There being no objection, the resolu July 1950. He is also a member of the Social furnish Midwest farm, factory, mine, and tion was referred to -the Committee on Sr ~urity Advisory Council and the Com shipyard products access to _the markets of Foreign Relations, and ordered to be munity Chest Central Committee. the world; and printe_d in the RECORD, as follows: MISS NATSUE INOUE "Whereas this seaway will increase our national security, stimulate development of We, citizens of Baltimore, Md., gathered Independent member of the House of the resources of the Midwest, lower trans under the sponsorship of the Council of Councilors; member of the welfare commit portation costs, and conserve our natural re Lithuanian Societies, in commemoration of tee; president of the Japan Nursing Asso sources: Now, therefore, be it the thirty-third anniversary of the declara ciation. · "Resolved by the assembly (the senate tion of independence by the people of Miss Inoue was born on July 25, 1898, in concurring), That the Legislature of the Lithuania, held on the 16th day of February Hyogo Prefecture, and was graduated from State of Wisconsin memorialize the Congress 1951 at Lithuanian Hall, after due C:elibera the Nurses' Training School, Osaka Red Cross of the United States to enact such legisla tions regarding the present international Hospital, in March 1917 and from Bedford tion as may be necessary to authorize de situation, take note of the following: College, London University in 1929, where velopment of the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence The United States of Americi,t, together with she majored in public health nursing spon waterway for navigation by seagoing vessels other United Nations members, is engaged sored by the League of Red Cro8'; Societies. at the earliest practicable date; and be it in a bloody struggle in Korea defending the Through self-study she passed the Japanese further freedom of peace-loving people against Com Government's high-school qualification ex "Resolved, That properly attested copies of munist aggressors. amination in 1931 to become eligible for col this resolution be sent to the clerk of each We believe the bold and determined steps lege entrance. She served as public health House of the Congress, and to each Wisconsin - taken by the United States of America to nursing instructor at the Public Health In Member thereof. protect a defenseless people emerging into a stitute, Tokyo, from 1940 to 1946; superin "GEORGE M. SMITH, status of independent statehood rallied the tendent of nui:ses, Tokyo Central Red Cross "President of the Senate. forces of freedom everywhere and revived Hospital, 1946-47; and was elected to the "THOMAS M. DONAHUE, ' suffering mankind's faith in American policy House of Councilors in April 1947. As presi "Chief Clerk of the Senate. objectives. dent of the Japan Nursing Association since "ORA R. RICE, Let it not be forgotten, however, that the November 1946, she has been giving advice "Speaker of the Assembly. Baltic States of Lithuania, Latvia, and and guidance in nursing throughout Japan. "ARTHUR L. MAY, Estonia constitute the original "Korea," since Miss Inoue published a brief history of "Chief Clerk of the Assembly." they were the first to be overrun by the Com nursing in Japan and a book entitled "Ethics munist forces more than 10 years ago. These in Nursing." She is here to study public A concurrent resolution of the legislature same nations are still under Communist health and welfare work in the field of of the State of New York, relating to public domination and they are being inhumanly nursing, assistance programs by the State of New subjected to extermination by the genocidal York, which was referred to the Committee policy of the Soviet rulers. EXECUTIVE COMMUNICATIONS, ETC. on Finance. Furthermore, Lithuania, Latvia, and The VICE PRESIDENT laid before the (See text of concurrent resolution printed ·Estonia were members in good standing of Senate the following letters, which were in full when presented by Mr. IVES on Feb the League of Nations. On the other hand, referred as indicated: ruary 19, 1951, p. 1310, CONGRESSIONAL the Soviet Union, which had been expelled RECORD.) from the League because of the aggressive REPORT OF NATIONAL SOCIETY OF DAUGHTERS OF The petition of Mrs. J. M. Leader, of Au AMERICAN REVOLUTION war it waged against Finland, is a member of rora, Ill., relating to the drafting of 18-year the United Nations with a veto power to A letter from the Secretary of the Smith old boys, etc.; to the Committee on Armed block the complaints of the victimized Baltic sonian Institution, Washington, D. C., trans Services. States. mitting, pursuant to law, the report of · the A resolution adopted by Chapter No. 1, We agree with the statement of the Presi National Society of the Daughters of the Disabled American Veterans, Oahu, T. H., dent of the United States in his last state American Revolution, for the year ended favoring the continuation of Drew Pearson of the Union message to Congress, that free April 1, 1950 (with an accompanying report); on the air as a newscaster; to the Committee and independent nations can band together to the Committee on Rules and Administra on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. in a world order based on law, and that the tion. INDEPENDENCE OF LITHUANIA, LATVIA, cornerstone of such a peaceful world has DISPOSITION OF EXECUTIVE PAPERS AND F.STONIA-RESOLUTION OF COUN been laid in the United Nations. But the A· lettel' from the Archivist of the United CIL OF LITHUANIAN SOCIETIES, BALTI President's further statement: "The im perialism of the czars has been replaced by States, transmitting, pursuant to law, a list MORE, MD. of papers and documents on the files of sev the even more ambitious, more. crafty and eral departments and agencies of the Gov Mr. O'CONOR. Mr. President, Re menacing imperialism of the rulers of the ernment which are not needed in the con public of Lithuania Day, February 16, Soviet Union,'' indicates to us that the Soviet duct of business and have no permanent was an occa . ·_Jn of outstanding impor Union does not intend to abide by the value or historical interest, and requesting Charter of the United Nations. action looking to their disposition (with ac tance to the Lithuanian-American col Wherefore it is respectfully requested that companying papers); to a Joint Select Com ony of Maryland. In happier days, prior the United States of America continue to mittee on .the Disposition of Papers in the to the initiation of Communist aggres maintain its world leadership in its efforts Executive Department. sion in Europe, it was a day of rejoicing to achieve international peace founded on and celebration, for Lithuania was free principles of freedom and justice, and we The VICE PRESIDENT appointed Mr. .after years of enslavement and its prog urge the President and the Secretary of State · JOHNSTON of South Carolina and Mr. ress in cultural and economic fields was to adopt appropriate measures in order to LANGER members of the committee on the of an extraordinary nature. accomplish the following: part of the Senate. 1. To bring up the matter of the liberation In the dark days which have descended of Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia in the open PETITIONS AND MEMORIALS upon the Baltic countries, Republic of international forum of the UN; Petitions, etc., were laid before the Lithuania Day, while no longer an occa 2. To invoke the aid of the UN in con Senate and referred as indicated: sion for rejoicing, is replete with sigr-iil demning and stopping the crime of genocide cance to those among us of Lithuanian which is being perpetrated in Lithuania and By the VICE PRESIDENT: birth and descent in that it serves to keep other Baltic countries by the Union of Soviet A joint resolution of the Legislature of the Socialist Republics and its ruling Communist State of Wisconsin; to the Committee on alive and strengthen the ideals of lib erty and the determination that has Party; Foreign Relations: 3. The release of all of the political prisolters "Joint resolution memorializing the Con never been extinguished in the hearts of now in concentration camps and under forced gress of the United States to authorize im free people anywhere to strive unceas labor in the Soviet Union; mediate development of the St. Lawrence ingly until freedom again is achieved. 4. To allow freedom of religion to all waterway It was in accordance with this spirit people; "Whereas development of the St. Lawrence that the Baltimore Council of Lithua 5. To assist the Lithuanian Nation and the waterway is vital to full development of the nian Societies adopted a resolution in other Baltic States when the forces of Com- 1951 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 1417 munist imperialism are crushed, in the re To the Committee on Public Works: gressmen, urging them to support and de establishment of a separate national sover "H;ouse Resolution 15 fend the Cole-Ives amendment to the De eignty and true freedom and independence; fense Production Act of 1950 as presently and "House resolution requesting that the city of Cumberland be com;idered as a site Tor written, together with otber safeguards con 6. To demand the ouster of tbe Soviet tained in the act relating to minimum price Union from membership in the UN if it con any Government oftices moved from Wash ington . ceilings for milk in Federal order markets tinues with its flagrant violations of the and for milk and dairy products in other United Nations Charter. "Whereas the Federal Government is seri markets. COUNCIL OF LITHUANIAN SOCIETIES, ously considering the removal of some of its By ANTHONY J. MICEIKA, President. many omces concentrated in and around the PROTEST AGAINST TAXATION OF MUNIC By MARTIN RAILA, Secretary. District of Columbia in order to provide a IPAL BOND INT.ER.EST-RESOLUTION dispersal of governmental functions as a OF WAUSAU (WIS.) COMMON COUNCIL ESTABLISHMENT OF UNITS AND AGENCIES means of guarding against the excessive OF GOVERNMENT IN CUMBERLAND, damage of a possible bomb attack; and Mr. WILEY. Mr. President, I have MD.-RESOLUTIONS OF HOUSE OF DELE "Whereas the city of Cumberland is .t~is morning received from J. L. Brown, GATES OF MARYLAND located about 140 miles away from the Dis city clerk, of Wausau, Wis., a resolution trict of Columbia and is easily accessible to Mr. O'CONOR. Mr. President, atten adopted by the common council of that the District of Columbia by all mocle'fnmeans community on February 13. The reso tion has been called previously by me to of transportation; and the depressed economic condition now "Whereas the inland location of tbe city of lution opposes the proposal of the Secre prevalent in the Cumberland area of Cumberland places it sufficiently far from tary of the Treasury to tax the interest western Maryland. Pertinent to this the District of Columbia as to give a measure on municipal bonds. I ask unanimous matter are two resolutions which I am of tactical safety for air raids; and consent that the resolution be printed sending to the desk which were adopted "Whereas there is an abundant labor sup in the RECORD and be thereafter referred by the House of Delegates of Maryland, ply and a variety of -possible sites for the to the appropriate committee. establishment of any such Federal depart There being no objection, the resolu one requesting that the proposed Quar ments or agencies in Cumberland: Now, termaster Research Laboratory be lo tion was referred to the Committee on therefore, be it Finance, and ordered to be printed in the cated in the city of Cumberland, the "Resolved by the House of Delegates of RECORD, as follows: other asking that the city of Cumber Maryland, That the Federal Governmtmt be land be considered as a site for any urged to give full consideration to the possi Whereas, heTetofore, interest on munici Government offices moved from Wash bilities of establishing units and age.Ucies of pal bonds hlls not been subject to Federal the Federal Government in the -ci'cy of Cum income taxation; and ington. berland as part of its program for the dis Whereas such freedom from income tax In line with President Truman's ex persal of the many oflices and agencies now has made it possible for municipalities to pressed interest in moves to rehabilitate located in and around the District of Co borrow money for improvements at a low such depressed economic areas it is sin lumbia; and be it further rate of interest; and cerely hoped that some assistance may "Resolved, That the chief clerk of the Whereas the city of Wausau has hereto be afforded by the Federal Government house be instructed to send copies of this fore been able to finance public improve toward this very desirable end. resolution to the President of the United ments at an extremely low rate of interei:t I present the resolutions for appro States and to each member of the Maryland because of sucb income-tax exemption; and delegation in the Congress of the United Whereas it has now been proposed by the priate reference, and ask unaaHilous con States. Secretary of the Treasury that interest on RECORD. sent that they be printed in tbe "By the house C1f delegates, February 13, municipal bonds be subjected to income tax; and · The VICE PRESIDENT. The resolu 1951. tions will be received and appropriately · "Resolution adopted. Whereas there have been ::imilar propos referred, and, under the rule, printed in "By order Ray.:m.ond H. Miller, chief clerk. als in the past all of which have been de cisiv~y defeated in the interest of the wel the Rl:CORD. "JORN C. LUBER, fare of municipalities; and To the Committee on Armed Services: "Speaker of the House of Delegates. "RAYMOND H. MILLER, Whereas if the interest on muni.:ipal bonds "House Resolution 21 "Chief Clerk of the House of Delegates." is subjected to income tax as proposed, the "House resolution requesting that the pro result would be merely to raise the interest posed Quartermaster .Research Laboratory MINIMUM PRICE CEILINGS ON MILK rates which municipalities would be obli be located in the city of Cumberland RESOLUTION OF PURE MILK PRODUCTS gated to pay on their obligations, and there COOPERATIVE, FOND D{] LAC, WIS. by the burden of such income taxes wot:ld "Whereas the Department of National De- be transferred to the general property tax fense has under consideration the possible Mr. WILEY. Mr. President, I have payer; and construction of a Quartermaster Research received from William 0. Perdue, gen Whereas such a step would make it diffi Laboratory; and eral manager of the Pure Milk Products cult and far more costly to municipalities "Whereas the city of Cumberland would to finance public improvements; and offer many advantages as a site for t'his l'e Cooperative, of 18 West First Street, Fond du Lac, Wis., an important reso Whereas such a step would place an undue, search laboratory among which a.re easy unwarranted, and unnecessary burden upon accessibility to the District of Columbia, lution regarding the maintenance of municipalities: Now, therefore, be it favorable rallr0ad transportation, and a minimum price -ceilings on milk in non large pool of inte111gent workmen; and Resolved by the Common Council of the Federal milk order areas. I ask unani City of Wausau, That any attempt to sub ''Whereas locating the proposed Quarter mous consent that the text of Mr. Per ject interest on municipal bonds to Federal master Research Laboratory in the eity of due's resolution be printed at this point income taxation be and is opposed; be it Cumberland also would :help to alleviate the fUrther serious contiitions of unemployment nuw in the body of the RECORD and be there after referred to the appropriate com Resolved, That the clerk send a copy of this existing in that area: Now, therefore, be lt resolution to the .Honorable REID F. MURRAY, "Resolved by the House of Delegates of mittee. Congressman from the Seventh Congres Maryland, That Gen. George C. Marshall, There being no objection, the reso sional District, and to Senator WILEY and Secr.etary of Defense, be requested to give lution was referred to the Committee Senator McCARTHY. serious consideration to the possibility of on Banking and Currency and ordered HOMER L. DUNCAN. constructing the proposed Quarte-rmaster GEORGE W. RAKOW, Researcb Laboratory in the city of Cumb-e-r to be printed ln the RECORD, as follows: Be it resolved, That the .State board of HENRY J. LUSSIER. land and to the numerous advantages offered HELEN OHM. by that site for the new laboratory; and be it directors .of Pure Milk .Products Cooperative, further in ufiicial session .at Fond du Lac, February AID TO VOCATIONAL EDUCATION-RESO "Resolved, That the chief clerk of the house 8, 195L, does hereby urge ithe -retention of LUTION OF WISCONSIN ASSOCIATION be instructed to sen-cl copies of this resolu title 4 t>f the De'.fense P.roduction Act which OF DIRECTORS OF VOCATIONAL AND tion to the Psesident of the United .States, to contain-s the Cole-Ives :amendment provid ADULT EDUCATION Gen. George C. Marshall, and to each :mem ing 1'or .minimum price cellings on milk in ber of the Maryland delegation in the Con non-Federal order areas. It is pointed out Mr. WILEY. Mr. President, I have gress -0.f the United States. that there is no con:fiict as between tbis received this morning from John G. "By the house of delegates, February 13, amendment and the Federal Marketing Ausman, president of the Wisconsin 19-01.. Agree:m-ent Act. on 'the contrary, the effect Association of Directors of Vocational ''Resolution adopted. of the Cole-Ives amendment will be to aid "By order Raymond H. Miller, chief clerk. in preservmg prlce balances as between the and Adult Education. an important re~;o "JOHN C. LUBER, Federal and the non-Federal order markets; lution on the subject of continued ful "Speaker of _the House of Delegates. be it further . filling of this vital program. We of Wis "RAYMOND H. MILLER, Resolved, 'J'hat a copy of this resolution consin have pioneered in the field of vo "Chief Clerk of the House of Delegates." be sent to Wisconsin's Senators and Con- cational training and for that reason I 1418 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE FEBRUARY 21 am particularly interested in the com sincere hope that the Senate Foreign growing areas h ave ceased to be part of t he ments made by that able group of Amer Relations Committee will soon act fa country and , consequently, food sufficiency can come only by way of increased produc ican leaders. I ask unanimous consent vorably to report this measure to the tion and the bringing of fresh land under that the text of the resolution adopted ftoor of the Senate for action. cultivation. American generosity will thus at the meeting in Madison by the asso This proposed legislation is an indi be of assistance to us in forgin g ahead wit h ciation be printed at this point in the cation of the growing spirit of friend our program of food self-sufficiency as well. body of the RECORD, and referred to the ship by the people of the United States It is to be hoped that the legislation will be appropriate committee. for the people of India. As evidence of passed by the United States Congress without There being no objection, the resolu that friendship, I hold in my hand an unnecessary deli:y, as the time factor is of tion was referred to the Comrr.ittee on editori.al from the Hindustan Times of vital importance. Appropriations, and ordered to be February 14, 1951, published in New REPORTS OF COMMITTEES printed in the RECORD, as follows: Delhi, India. I ask unanimous consent The following reports of committees Whereas the George-Barden Act, Public to have the editorial printed at this were submitted: Law 586, Seventy-ninth Con gress, chapter point in the body of the RECORD, and 725, second session, authorized an appropri appropriately referred. · By Mr. BYRD, from the Committee on ation of $28,850,000 as aid to the States for Armed Services: There being no objection, the editorial H. R. 1001. A bill to authorize the con the further development of vocational edu was ordered to be printed in the RECORD cation; and struction of modern naval vessels, and for Whereas an appropriation of $19,842,759.97 and referred to the Committee on For other purposes; without amendment (Rept. has been made available by Congress under eign Relations, as follows: No. 118). the provisions of Public Law 586, Seventy [From the Hindustan Times, New Delhi, By Mr. MAGNUSON, from the Committee ninth Congress, and India, of February 14, 1951] on Interstate and Foreign Commerce: · S. 683. A bill authorizing vessels of Cana Whereas the State of Wisconsin has re A GENEROUS GE5TURE ceived an annual allotment of $465,450.77 dian registry to transport iron ore between for instruction in agriculture, distributive President Truman's message to Congress United States ports on the Great Lakes dur occupations, home economics, and trades to authorize the supply of 2,000,000 tons of ing 1951; without amendment (Rept. No. and industries which has been expended food grains for India will be widely welcomed 119). for purposes authorized in the act, and con in this country, especially, coming as it does after the recent divergence in the United .NATIONAL SECURITY TRAINING ACT OF tributes materially to the successful pro 1951-REPORT OF A COMMITTEE gram of vocational education in the State; States and Indian foreign policies over Korea. and Referring to these differences, President Tru Mr. JOHNSON of Texas. Mr. Presi Whereas the budget submitted by Presi man stated that they "should not blind us to the needs of the Indian people." He dent, from the Committee on Armed dent Truman to the present session of Con Services, I ·report unanimously, with gress recommends an appropriation of only added: "These differences must not deflect $9,842,760 under the provisions of this act us from our tradition of friendly aid to alle amendments, the bill I 1420 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE FEBkUARY 21 The VICE PRESIDENT.· The resolu Smith, of New Castle, Del., arising out of the H. R. 1239. An act for the relief of Bruce tion will be received and appropriately damage sustained by him as a result of the M. Stern; co11struction and maintenance of the New H. R. 1249. An act for the relief of the La referred. Castle United States Army Air Base, New Fayette Brewery, Inc.; The resolution CS. Res. 75) was referred Castle, Del.; H. R. 1449. An act for the relief of Mr. and to the Committee on Expenditures in the H. R. 613. An act for the lelie" of John P. Mrs. Fred A. Fletcher; Executive Departments, as follows: Hayes; H. R. 1458. An act for the relief of Zyg Resolved, That the Senate Committee on H. R. 622. An act for the relief of Mrs. munt Pakula (also known as Pakuta); Expenditures in the Executive Departments, Oksana Stepanov:..a K ?.senkina; H. R. 1461. An act for the relief of Jose or any du,ly authorized subcommittee there H. R. 624. An act for the relief of Chisako phine Lisitano; of, is authorized and directed to make a full Shimizu and Ryoichi Shimizu; H. R. 1473. An act for the relief of Caroline and complete stu dy and investigation of all H. R. 638. An act for the relief of Warren M. Newmarl{ and Melville Moritz; phases of the disposition by the various de Thomas and others; H. R. 1475. An act for the relief of Elena partmen-i;s, agencies, and instrumentalities H. n.. 647. An act for the relief of the estate Erbez; of the Government of materials declared sur of Lourdine Livermore and the estate of H. R. 1486. An act for the relief of Maria plus to the needs of the Government after Dorothy E. Douglas; Geertriude Mulders; World War II. _I, R. 661. An act for th£' relief of Thomas J, H. R. 1487. An act for the relief of the SEC. 2. The committee shall report to the Smith; .Sonoma County Farmers' Mutual Fire In Senate at the earliest practicable date, but H. R. 664. An act for the relief of Mrs. Coral surance Co.; not later than 3 months after the date E. Alldritt; H. R. 1566. An act for the relief of A. J. on which this resolution is agreed to, the re ·.d.. :"'. . 667. An act for the relief of Hildegard Crozat, Jr.; sults of such study and investigation, to Dettling a·1d Judith Ingeborg Dettling; H. R. 1580. An act for the relief of the gether with such recommendations for legis H. R. 676. An act for the relief of Mrs. Overseas · Navigation Corp.; lation as it de,,ms advisable. Aimee Hoyningen-Huene; H. R. 1583. An act for the relief of Francis I ... R. 680. An act for the relief of the State A. Gunn; .REORGANIZATION PLAN NO. 1 OF 1951, RE Compensation Insurance Fund of California; H. R. 1584. An act for the relief of Edward LATING TO RECONSTRUCTION FINANCE H. R. 706. An act for the relief of Mrs. Alice Woolf; CORPORATION N. Kozma; H. R. 1594. An act for the relief of Earl L. . H. R. 712. An act for the relief of Charles Doss; -Mr. CAPEHART submitted the follow W. Wulf, warrant officer, junior grade, United H. R. 1596. An act for the relief of N. H. ing resolution CS. Res. 76), which was State-: Air F'orce; Kelley, Bernice Kelley, Clyde D. Farquhar, referred to the Committee on Expendi H. R. 714. An act for the relief of James and Gladys Farquhar; tures in the Executive Departments: A. G. Martindale; H. R. 1682. An act for the relief of Capt. H. R. 715. An act for the relief of Aenny Marciano 0. Garces; Resolved, That the Senate does not favor Blank; the Reorganization Plan No. 1 of 1951 trans H. R. 1722. An act for the relief of Louise mitted to Congress by the President on H. R. 721. An act for the relief of the Peer Leitzinger and· her daughter; February 19, 1951. less Oil Co., of Brooklyn, N .. Y.; H. R. 1822. An act for the relief of Harry h. R. 723. An act for the relief of Carlo de C. Goakes; • STUDY OF PROPOSED SALE OF GERMAN Luca; H. R. 1823. An act for the relief of Jose EMBASSY IN THE DISTRICT OF CO H. R. 727. An act for the relief of Julia Encarnacion Ortiz; LUMBIA Busch; H. R. 1840. An act for the relief of Bernard H. R. 745. An act for the relief of Thomas Spielmann; Mr. LANGER submitted the following A. Trulove, postmaster, and Nolen J. Sal resolution CS. Res. 77), which was re yards, assistant postmaster, at Inglewood, H. R. 1845. An act for the relief of Sam ferred to the Committee on the Judi Calif.; Patterson; · ciary: H. R. 746. An act for the relief of Harris A. H. R. 1908. An act for the relief of Helena Bakken; Jange Chinn; Resolved, That the Committee on the Ju H. R. 756. An act for the relief of Nicoletta H. R. 1912. An act for the relief of Wilcox diciary, or any duly authorized subcommittee and Guilia Pontrelli; Electric Co., Inc.; thereof, is directed to make a full and com .H. R. 774. An act for the relief of the H. R. 1971. An· act for the relief of Kirocor plete study concerning the · proposed sale of American Barrel Co., Inc.; Haladjian, Tacouhi Haladjian, Gulunia Ha the property in the District of Columbia H. R. 795. An act for the relief of Carlos ladjian, and Virginie Haladjian; known as the German Embassy, and to re Sanchez Perez; H. R. 2066. An act for the relief of Ralph port to the Senate at the earliest practicable H. R. 824. An act for the relief of Luisa Dunsmore; date the results of such study together with Monti; H. R. 2068. An act for the relief of Sook its recommendations as to the advisability H. R. 848. An act for the relief of Mrs. Kat; of such sale. Martha W. Johnson; H. R. 2070. An act for the relief of Geral SEC. 2. The Attorney General is hereby re H. R. 857. An act for the relief of Mrs. dine L. Smith, mother and natural guardian quested to postpone the proposed sale of the Rose A. Mongrain; of Thomas Clayton Smith, a minor; German Embassy until the completion of H. R. 859. An act for admission to the H. R. 2ll0. An act for the relief of Conti the study referred to in the first section of United States of Mrs. Margot Kazerski; nental Insurance Co., Federal Insurance Co., this resolution. H. R. 889. An act for the relief of Lena and National Fire Insurance Co., of Hart- HOUSE BILLS REFERRED OR PLACED ON Valsamis and Lucy Balosa Valsamis; ford, Conn.; · H. R. 2205. An act for the relief of Mary CALENDAR H. R. 890. An act for the relief of Athina Mary Onassis; Alice Floyd; and The following bills were severally read H. R. 891. An act for the relief of Mary H. R. 2276. An act for the relief of Mary twice by their titles, and referred, or Valsamis Dendramis and Vassili G. Den Jane Sherman; to the Committee on the ordered to be placed on the calendar: dramis; Judiciary. H. R. 1730. An act to amend section 4 (g) H. 898. H. R. 31. An act for refund of customs R. An act for the relief of Gunter of the Communications Act of 1934 to per dutil.s to the Preparatory Commission for Arno Thelemann; mit the F'ederal Communications Commis the International Refugee Organization; H. R. 963. An act for the relief of Chu Bud sion to make expenditures for land for radio H. R. 400. An act to provide for the expe Yi ck; monitoring stations, and for other purposes; ditious naturalization of former citizens of H. R. 966. An act for the relief of Mrs. Sol to the Committee on Interstate ar.d Foreign the United States who have lost United veig Normanson; Commerce. States citizenship through voting in a po H. R. 971. An act for the relief of Louis R. H. R. 335. An act to confer jurisdiction on litical election or in a plebiscite held in Chadbourne; the Court of Claims to -hear, determine, and Italy; H. R. 990. An act to confer jurisdiction on render judgment upon a certain claim of the H. R. 403. An act providing the privilege of the Court of Claims to hear, determine, ad Board of County Commissioners of Sedg becoming a naturalized citizen of the United judicate, and render judgment on the claim wick County, Kans.; States to all aliens having a legal right to of Preston L. Watson, as administrator of H. R. 906. An act for the relief of Mrs. Vera permanent residen-::e; the goods and chattels, rights, and credits Raupe; H. R. 574. An act for the relief of the estate which were of Robert A. Watson, deceased; H. R. 1090. An act to extend the period for of James Patrick Hackett and Charles L. H. R. 997. An act for the relief of William the admission of alien spouses and minor Stover; J. Drinkwine; children of citizen members of the United H. R. 576. An act fo · the relief of Fred E. H. R. 1095. An act for the relief of Shelby States Armed Forces; Weber; Shoe Co., of Salem, Mass.; H. R. 1165. An a.ct for the relief of Richard H. R. 596. An act for the relief of the Alaska H. R. 1111. An act for the relief of Taro Gregory Rundle and Valiquette Adele Rundle: Juneau Gold Mining Co., of Juneau, Alaska; Takara; H. R. 1966. An act for the relief of Mrs. H. R. 599. An act conferring jurisdiction H. R. 1134. An act for the relief of Henry Dorothy Manious; and upon the United States District Court for the Leonard Hoffmann; H. R. 2339. An act to clarify the immigra District of Delaware to hear, determine, and H. R. 1157. An act for the relief of Lum tion status of certain aliens; ordered to be render judgment upon the claim of Alvin Ying; placed on the calendar. 1951 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 1421 HOUSE CONCURRENT RESOLUTION A specially trained airborne striking fo ;e RECENT CHANGES IN FOOD PRICES REFERRED will continue to be maintained in Canada to deal with any possible attempts at land Mr. ELLENDER. Mr. President, I The concurrent resolution (H. Con. ings in Canadian territory. The army will wish to submit in behalf of the Senate Res. 49) favoring the grant of status of also provide strong formations of antiair Committee on Agriculture and Forestry· permanent residence to certain aliens craft artillery for local defense. a preliminary statement on the subject was referred to the Committee on the Under mutual aid the armament and am of recent rises in food prices relating to Judiciary. munition for one infantry division, which beef and a few canned commodities. I was offered to NATO last August, was THE CANA :>IAN DEFENSE fil<'FORT ask unanimous consent to be granted 2 shipped to the Netherlands late in 1950. Al minutes in which to read a few extracts Mr. LODGE. Mr. PrE>sident, having location of similar equipment for a second from the statement and to comment received a number of requests for infor division has just been made by NATO and it will be shipped shortly. The allocation thereon for the benefit of Senators. mation concerning the Canadian de to Luxemburg of armament for an artil The VICE PRESIDENT. Is there o - fense effort, I have looked into this mat lery regiment has also just been announced. jection? The Chair hears none, and it ter which interests so many Americar. .3 As arrangements are completed for the re is so ordered. and find that a greatly enla1ged defense placement of Canadian stocks by United Mr. ELLENDER. With reference to program was announceCanadian Army is adopt Current retail prices of the important cuts ing United States type equipment and its of beef are higher in relation to either whole tional Defense of Canada. The new pro needs are being met by purchase in the sale beef sides or to live-cattle prices than gram o·(Jvers the next three fiscal years, United States and manufacture in Canada.) a year earlier. Between the latter part of that is, from April l, 1951, to March 31, Stocks of United Kingdom types in Canada January 1950 and the latter part of January 1954. will provide nearly all the armament for four 1951 'the price of Good grade (now called infantry divisions. Gener&! Eisenhower has Choice) beef steers at Chicago increased I ask unanimous consent to have a reported that "the most immediate need of from $30 to $35 per 100 pounds, or 17 per statement of the chief features of the Europe is munitions and equipment." cent. During the same period the whole Canadian defense effort printed in the Equipment will be secured to permit the sale price of comparable carcass beef in RECORD at this point. rapid expansion, in the event of war, of the creased 20 percent and the average price of There being no objection, the state Canadian forces. The aim is to have avail several retail cuts increased 31 percent in ment was ordered to be printed in the able as soon as possible whatever is required the Washington area and 26 percent in eight for all the expanded services during the first representative cities. REconD, as follows: year of a war. The spread between the wholesale price of STATEMENT 4. Navy: The active strength of the Navy carcass beef and the average of these retail 1. Cost: The total cost of the program is will be doubled and nearly 100 ships to cuts increased 46 percent in the Washington ·estimated at over $5,000,000,000. The cost in gether with many small craft will be manned area and 38 percent in the eight representa the next fiscal year is put at .about $1,600,- to carry out the Canadian share under NATO tive cities. · Preliminary data based on eight 000,000. Defense expenditures 4 years ago planning of North Atlantic defense. For this cities indicate that the farmer's share of were $194,000,GOO. The original vote for the duty ships of the latest types are now under the consumer's dollar spent for beef dropped current fiscal year before the Korean War be construction and others in commission or to 71 cents in January 1951 as compared 75 1950. gan was $425,000,000. (This estimate was in reserve are to be rearmed and refitted. with cents in January enlarged last autumn by a further vote of · The defenses of vital harbors are to be com I would like to call your particular at $142,000,000 and by a special vote of $300,- pleted with modern equipment, and the tention to the table attached to the 000,000 to cover the cost of eqt~ipment to be shipbuilding industry is to be made ready supplied to Nor th Atlantic Treaty countries for rapid expansion. statement entitled "Prices of Live Steers, under mutual aid.) There has been almost 5. Manpower and production: Under the Carcass Beef, and Selected Cuts Janu a fourfold increase in defense estimcl,tes in program the strength of the active forces ary 1950 and January 1951." It will be the last year (from $425,000,000 to $1,600,- will be increased by nearly 70 percent to noted that the spread between the prices 000,000). 115,000 active service personnel and 33,000 of carcass and various cuts ranges from 2. Air Force: A striking feature of the new civilians. The active forces in being and 21 percent to as high as 140 percent in program is ~he expansion of the Canadian planned are sufficient to carry out the agreed role of Canada under the North Atlantic the city of Washington, and in the eight Air Force to a total of 40 squadrons and the selected cities, from 16 percent to 89 provision of training facilities for air crews Treaty. for a greatly increased number of Canadians Canada is already producing some new percent. and others. Of the 40 squadrons, 11 com equipment for allied countries, and as stand With respect to a few processed com prising an air iivision will be made available ard designs are approved and shortages de modities, such as canned peaches: to General Eisenhower's command, including termined by NATO the production of equip Processors reporting to the committee paid 1 already in the United Kingdom and 2 to ment beyond Canadian needs will be greatly farmers 40 cents more in 1950 for the peaches be sent overseas before long. These will all expanded. in a case of 24 No. 2Yz cans than in 1949. be fighter squadrons equipped with Sabre 6. Comparative "figures on population and In contrast to this increase of 40 cents per and Canuck jet aircraft. (The Canuck is an income: According to the latest available case going to growers, processors in Janu all-weather, two-engine fighter of Canadian figures, the population of Canada is about ary 1951 were selling their peaches at $1.20 design and very high performance.) one-eleventh that of the United States and to $1.50 more per case than in May 1950. · Arrangements are already in effect for the the Canadian national income is about one Growers of canning tomatoes received ap training of aircrews in CanPda from five eighteenth or one-nineteenth that of this proximately the same prices in 1950 as in Western European countries and the United country. It is plain, therefore, that Can 1949 from the processors reporting to the Kingdom. The facilities are to be expanded ada is not dragging its feet. committee. The processors are now selling to permit an out-turn of over 3,000 aircrew 7. Canadian contributions in Korea: To their popular-priced brands of' tomatoes per annum, of whom about 1,100 will be assist the United Nations forces in Korea around 80 cents a case, or 25 percent higher trained for other NAT countries under Canada sent three destroyers and they have than in May 1950. Prices of their higher mutual aid. given a good account of themselves. They priced lines of canned tomatoes also have The strength of the Canadian air force are being successively replaced by other de been raised around 25 percent. will be expanded by the addition of 3,000 stroyers. planes. This will involve a considerable ex The Four Hundred and Twenty-sixth Mr. President, I ask unanimous con pansion of the Canadian aircraft industry Heavy Transport Squadron gave great assist sent to have the entire statement printed for production of the latest types for the ance in the arduous airlift to the Far East. in full at this point in the RECORD as a Canadian air force and for other countries. The Canadian Army enlisted 10,000 men part of my remarks. For continental defense a screen of radar for an 18 months' term for the special pur There being no objection, the state stations is being developed in cooperation pose of carrying out any undertaking by ment was ordered to be printed in the with the United States. These are being Canada under the Charter of the United Na equipped with the latest apparatus and sup tions and the North Atlantic Treaty. With RECORD, as follows: ported by fighter squadrons. The American 900 men posted from the regular active force STATEMENT FROM THE COMMITTEE ON AGRI• and Canadian radar chains will be linked they form the Canadian Army special force. CULTURE AND FORESTRY ON RECENT CHANGES to form a single system, of which about one Appropriate arrangements will be made for IN FOOD PRICES quarter will be in Canada. officers and men who wish to do so to be The Senate Committee on Agriculture and 3. Army: A brigade group (or regimental come part of the regular force, Forestry is concerned about recent advances combat team) is to be made available for One unit of the special force, the Second in food prices and statements which have service in Western Europe under General Battalion of the Princess Patricias, is in appeared in the press blaming farmers for Eisenhower's command. It is hoped that it Korea. The remainder of the special force these increases. may arrive in Europe at about the same time is continuing its training at For.t Lewis and Many of the farm products were already as additional United States fNces. will be available for service where required. sold by farmers before tpe price increases 1422 CO~GRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE FEBRUARY 21 occurred. In fact, in a number of cases farm. PROCESSORS' PRICES FOR CANNED PEACHES the nature of a personal letter, on the ers received lower prices for their products in Processors roporting to the committee paid wor: ... of the subcommittee. I ask unani· 1950 than in 1949 even though these prod· farmers 40 cents more in 1950 for the peaches ucts are now selling at sharply higher retall mous consent that the report be printed in a case of 24 No. 2¥2 cans than in 1949 • . in the RECORD. prices. In contrast to this increase of 40 cents per With this in mind, Chairman ELLENDER, case going to growers, processors in January There being no objection, the report of the Senate Committee on Agriculture and 1951 were selling their peaches at $1.20 to was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, Forestry, by and with the consent of the $1.50 more per case than in May 1950. as follows: committee, about 3 weeks ago requested sev· eral large representative processors of canned PROCESSORS' PRICES FOa. CANNED VEGETABLES CHAPEL HILL, N. C., February 19, 1951. fruits and vegetables to report prices paid to G::- owers of canning tomatoes received ap. S3nator LESTER C. HuNT, growers in 1949 and 1950 for their products. proximately the same prices in 1950 as in Senate Office Building, Washi ngton, D. C. ~nformation on inventories, sales, and selling 1949 from the processors reporting to the prices covering the period May 1950 through committee. The processors are now selling DEAR LESTER HUNT: I thank you for your Jan uary 1951 was also requested. their popular-priced brands of tomatoes letter. I will share its deeply appreciated Comparable information was obtained around 80 cents a case, or 25 percent higher and generous sentiments with our team. We from several retail food chains. Similar in· than in May 1950. Prices of their higher· were glad to try to do our little bit for our formation was also obtained on beef prices in priced lines of canned tomatoes also have country, for Chairman LYNDON JOHNSON and the Washington area. been raised around 25 percent. your alert subcommittee, for the departments The processors and retailers have complied Pea growers received slightly lower re· and agencies involved, and for the unions and fully with the requests of the committee and turns per case for their products in 1950 contractors in their collective bargaining, made available a large amount of unusually thnn a year earlier, although there were which was our main job. timely and valuable information on food substantial dtlferences among the reports. We deeply appreciate the fact that, after price changes. Processors' selling prices of canned peas va. clearing some hurdles and straightening out some misunderstandings, we had the cooper· BEEF PRICE CHANGES ried from no change between May of 1950 and January of 1951 to increases of 10 ation of the unions and the contractors and Current retail prices of the important cuts percent. the good will of the government and the of beef are higher in relation to either whole· Corn producers in 1950 received from 4 to people of Alaska. Without the alertness of sale beef sides or to live cattle prices than a 19 cents less per case for their product than Chairman LYNDON JOHNSON and the Hunt· year earlier. Between the latter part of Jan· they received a year earlier from the report· Morse-Saltonstall task force, which went to uary 1950 and the latter part of January 1951 ing processors. The prices on canned corn in Alaskc l a s ·~ summer, there wouldn't have been the price of Good grade (now called Choice) January 1951, nevertheless, were 35 to 80 any such con~erence at all. For your Senate beef steers at Chicago increased from $30 cents per case higher than in May 1950. committee, Colonel Chambers kept his mili· to $35 per 100 pounds, or 17 percent. Dur· Producers of green snap beans for canning tant marine breath blowing hot down the Ing the same period the wholesale price of re"eived 10 to 15 percent lower returns per backs of the Federal agencies and the Inter· comparable carcass beef increased 20 percent case in 1950 than a year earlier with most .departmental Committee in Washington, and the average price of several retail cuts pn cessors reporting no change in prices be· which consequently prepared the way and increased 31 percent in the Washington area tween May 1950 and January 1951. did a good job. and 26 percent in eight representative cities. T" ese data show that all of the recent The Interdepartmental Committee in The spread between the wholesale price of retail price increases are not the result of Washington was composed as follows: De· carcass beef and the average of these retail higher farm prices. .The committee is not partments of the Interior, Labor, Defense, cuts increased 46 percent in the Washington taking any position at this time regarding Agriculture, and Commerce, the Federal area and 38 percent in the eight representa· the reasonableness of the price changes re· Mediation and Conciliation Service, the Bu· tive cities. Preliminary data based on eight ported. It is continuing its investigation, reau of the Budget, the National Security cities indicate that the farmer's share of the especially of the retail price changes in recent Re:murces Board, the Federal Security Agency, consumer's dollar spent for beef dropped to weeks. thu Economic Stabilization Agency, and the 71 cents in January 1951 as compared with 75 It will be the purpose of the committee Housing and Home Finance Agency. cents in January 1950. The detailed price to continue this investigation without fan· In Alaska we had to disabuse the minds data are shown below. fare and in the hope that all of the facts of the parties of an almost subconscious fear Prices of live steers, carcass beef, and select can be submitted without bias or prejudice. that Uncle Sam was coming up to Alaska to ed cuts, January 1950 and 1951 push 'em around and to tell 'em in a dicta· Mr. ELLENDER. Mr. President, I torial way what was what or else. Along invite Senators to make such suggestions with this, there was anticipation on the part Washington, 3 of some that with flag waving we might try D.C.1 8 cities as in their opinion will assist the Com mittee on Agriculture and Forestry in to pressure them into hurried, unwise, and ..... unfair settlements; also, there was some con· .....- . g 10 bringing to light the true facts in regard ;f CQ .s ~ cern on the part of some union leaders that I I ;:; ;:; coo to who is getting what, as between the the Alaska conference would unwisely try to .... .,, ....'° .,,..... "' ~- a.· "' ...... O> ;:; g ~ !::l d ~ a g g ~a handle farm products on the other hand. making of the building trades for the Na· ....."' ....."' P-l ...... P-l"' It is our purpose to present all the facts tion. You will recall that the national ______,__ ------ani let the chips fall where they may. building-trades unions were in conference Steers on hoof, Chi at Miami at the same time. Some outside cago (900 to 1,100 LABOR-MANAGEMENT RELATIONS IN NA· observers thought that our mission was pre· pounds Good grade, TIONAL DEFENSE ACTIVITIES IN mature and, therefore, doomed to failure nowChoice) ______$Q.30$0.35 17 $0.30 $0.35 17 ALASKA-LETTER FROM HON. FRANK because it seemed to be a case of the tail C arcass (side of beef)__ • 44 • 53 20 ------Wholesale, Chica.go P. GRAHAM trying to wag the dog; also, there was the (600 to 700-pound danger, in view of the probable coming wage· carcass, Good grade, Mr. HLiT. Mr. President, last No price freeze, that management might simply now Choice>------______----- • 45 • 54 20 Sirloin steak______. 84 1.1 5 37 ______vember the junior Senator from Texas sit down, do nothing, and wait for the na· Roundsteak ______.92 1.11 21 . 88 1.10 25 [Mr. JOHNSON] directed the senior Sena tional freeze and the Federal policy to take Rib roast______. 64 • 83 30 • 70 . 83 19 tor from Massachusetts [Mr. SALTON over. The shortage of skilled labor for the Chuck roast. ______----" ___ __ . 54 • 71 31 large construction program constituted a H amburger______.49 . 65 33 .52 . 66 27 STALL], the junior Senator from Oregon [Mr. MoRsEJ, and myself to visit Alaska problClm. The higher cost of living in Alaska, Aver ag e of the woeful lack of housing for families, the above cuts____ • 72 • 94 31 . 66 . 83 26 and to report to the full Armed Services difficulties of moving workers to a frontier Committee in regard to various phases of area for the construction season, and the Spread between prices the national defense. Upon our return, , of- rigors of camp life in isolated sections added Carcass and sir- and in making our report, we realized to the problems of bot h management and loin steak ______.40 .62 55 _____ ------that there was one phase of our report labor regarding recruitment and wages. Carcass and round steak______.48 .58 21 .43 . 56 30 not then complete, namely, that dealing These are the things we sized up early ns Carcass and rib with labor-management relations. So, part of the problems that had to be sur· roast______• 20 • 30 50 • 25 • 29 16 mounted psychologically and otherwise be· Carcass and chuck with the assistance of the Secretaryof the fore we would be able to get fairly inside the roast_------• 09 .17 89 Interior and officials of other Govern· Carcass and ham- minds and hearts of the parties most directly burger______. 05 .12 140 . 07 .12 71 ment agencies, a further hearing was involved. - held in Alaska. That hearing was mod It was, therefore, important that the open. Average______. 28 .41 46 .21 .29 38 erated by our former colleague from 1ng meeting have the right keynote, dispel North Carolina, the Honorable Frank P. fears and misunderstandings, and win con· 1 Data supplied to the Senate Committee on Agri culture anrl Forestry by retailers in the Washington area. Graham. He has made to me, as chair·· fidence. Also it was important that, with· z Data from BAE and BLS. man of the subcommittee, a report. in out unintelligent pressures, we develop con· 1951 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 1423 sciousness of our common cause in Alaska, Noyes, Alaskan road commissioner; Col. J.P. I met with the able spokesman for the elec in Am erica, and in the free world and reen Johnson, manager for the Department of the trical union, Mr. H. W. Newcombe, and for force a patriotic determination to reach Interior of the Alaska Railroad; John D. the electrical contractors, Mr. J. B. Majerus, agreements through volu ntary collective bar Argetsinger, district engineer, Alaska Public in my room on Wednesday, .January 24. All gaining and enhance pride in a great con Work; A. W. Blackerly, representing the matters had been or were agreed upon ex struction program in one of the most stra United States Department of Agriculture; cept· wages. The different positions with tegic areas for the defense of freedom in the Mr. Charles S'traub, special assistant to the regard to wages were referred, under the world. Secretary of Labor; and Mr. Henry Gomperts, contract, to their National Industrial Council In t h e preliminary meetings of the mem associate director, OILA, who announced an permanently set up by the two parties. An bers of our delegation we hoped that there immediate BLS comparative study of living agreement was that d ay, Wednesday, Janu would develop a team consciousness and a costs in Seattle, Anchorage, and Fairbanks. ary 24, reached on this point as follows: high morale for the job to be done. The We tried to impress upon the unions and that both sides would accept as final and m orning and evening sessions of the team contractors that it was their conference binding the decision of the national council were held daily as clearinghouses of criti rather than ours, that the responsibility was as of J anuary 1, 1951. This was, therefore, cisms, su ggestions, anticipation of pitfalls, upon them to reach agreements and that the a complete agreement which did not require loose ends, misinformation, misunderstand agreements should carry forward or include furt h er meetings or bargaining of the parties. ings, n ext moves, right approaches to leaders provisions and procedures against strikes, The able spokesman for the general con on both sides, and personal follow-ups. We slow-downs, lock-outs, and stoppages. We tractors, Mr. Everett Dunn, and the able couldn't have asked for a better team, in took the time during the first afternoon and spokesman tor the basic building trades cluding · representatives of your committee, the second morning to have each side, in union, Mr. Louis C. Berman, Jr., reported to t h e armed services, the Washington depart open meeting and then in private sessions, to me that on January 25 they had all reached ments, and the Seattle and Alaskan agencies. get off their e;hests all their sense of griev agreements on all points and had included Wit h out their cooperative teamwork (for ances, wrongs, and misunderstandings, and provisions and procedures against strikes, which I wish to express deep gratitude) our also to make constructive su ~gestions for lock-outs, slow-downs, and stoppage / 1951 . CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 1445 consider the vote by which the amend'" ber of the conference I would think the (a) By bringing within its operation all ment on page 36 was agreed to in the amount ought to l:'e $300,000 or $250,000, contractors with an annual war business ex first place. somewhere in that neighborhood. If ceeding $100,000. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The the House conferees would agree to that Mr. President, let me ask the Senator question is on reconsidering the vote by I am sure the Senate conferees would be from Georgia whether he feels it would which the amendment on page 36 was glad to acquiesce in their agreement. I fortify his case if we should vote on re agreed to. Is there objection. The Chair have no doubt that we can agree on · consideration at this time, in order to hears none, and the vote is reconsidered. that question when it is fully cor.sidered write into the bill a figure which could Mr. GEORGE. Mr. President, I send by the conferees on the part of the be usP.d for his purposes in conference; tO the desk an amendment as a substi House. or would it be advisable for the junior tute. Mr. HUMPHREY. Mr. President, I Senator from Minnesota to withdraw his The PRESIDING OFFICER. The may say to the Senator from Georgia motion to reconsider and place his reli clerk will read the proposed substitute that, if the motion to reconsider was ance in what he knows to be the honor amendment for the information of the favorably acted upon, it was my inten and integrity of the chairman of the Senate. tion . to offer an amendment to insert Finance Committee? The LEGISLATIVE CLERK. On page 36, $250,000. As the chairman of the Fi Mr. GEORGE. Mr. President, I would it is proposed to strike out lines 6 through nance Committee has pointed out, the unhesitatingly say to the Senator that 17, and to insert in lieu thereof the fol $100,000 figure in the World War II Re I think we would come nearer to accom lowing: negotiation Act would be equivalent to plishing our purpose if the Senator would (a) Creation of Board: There is hereby day to about $240,000 or $250,000 in withdraw his motion to reconsider, and created, as an independent establishment in terms of the depreciated value of the would permit the amendment to remain the executive branch of the Government, a dollar. I know the chairman of the as it ·is. I am not at all sure that the Renegotiation Board to be composed of five Finance Committee is most persuasive House would agree to have this figure members to be appointed by the President, as he has demonstrated this afternoon by and with the advice and consent of the raised above $100,000, but I am t_opeful Senate. The Secretaries of the Army, the without a shadow of a doubt-and 8ince that the House would agree to raise it Navy, and the Air Force, respectively, subject I have received his own expression as to to at least $250,000 or $300,000. Inas to the approval of the Secretary of Defense what he feels to be an appropriate and much as skilled men to handle these and the Administrator of General Services, adequate :figure for the minimum matters will be scarce, and, furthermore, shall each recommend to the President, for amount subject to renegotiation, I feel in view of the fact that at the prevailing his consideration, one person to serve as a that possibly the best way to handle this high, inflationary prices of today, only member of the board. The chairman shall is to have my comments as a point of receive compensation at the rate of $17,500 one or two contracts could easily amount record in the Senate debate urging that to $100,000 or $200,000, I think a limita per annum, and the other members shall re the figure of $250,000 be the figure finally ceive compensation at the rate of $15,000 per tion of $250,000 or $300,000 would be low annum. No member shall actively engage in decided upon by the conference com enough to protect both the Government any business, vocation, or employment other mittP.e. than as a member of the Board. The Board I desire to point out the importance of and the contractors. ·shall have a seal which shall be judicially this matter. The testimony which was Moreover, I call the Senator's atten noticed. taken during the Eightieth Congress in tion to the fact that under the 1942 act The PRESIDING OFFICER. The particular, as set forth in Senate Report a contract for $100,000 or less was question is on agreeing to the amend No. 440, part 2, Eightieth Congress, sec thrown out. ment to the committee amendment on ond session, indicated quite clearly that Mr. HUMPHREY. I understand. page 36. substantial sums of money could be re Mr. GEORGE. That is not true under The amendment to . the amendment claimed under negotiation without in the bill now before the Senate. was agreed to. jury to the business concerns them In short, because of the possibility of The committee amendment, as selves, if a minimum figure, which at the existence of a multiplicity of even amended, was agreed to. that time was $100,000, was incorporated small contracts, at the present high Mr. HUMPHREY. Mr. President, at in the legislation. I feel now, in view of prices a contractor may during one fis- this time I move to reconsider the vote the inflation and the rise in the cost of . cal year soon run his account with the by which the committee amendment re commodities, of labor, and of what we Government up to $200,000 or $300,000, lating to minimum amounts subject to may call other costs of production, that if he is doing a large amount ·of business renegotiation was adopted. The purp·ose the $250,000 figure would be adequate. with the Government. Of my motion to reconsider the vote by The War Department Price Adjust I think what the Senator from Minne which the committee amendment relat ment Board furnished the committee of the Eightieth Congress a study of the sota has in mind would be better ac ing to minimum amounts subject to re complished if he would be disposed to negotiation was adopted is to secure the renegotiation of companies in the $100,- attention and cooperation of the chair 000 to $500,000 bracket under the 1942 withdraw his motion at this time. man of the Finance Committee to see act. Of 3,728 cases in this bracket, 1,631, Mr. HUMPHREY. I am surely dis what the spirit of the committee will be or 44 percent, were found to have made posed to withdraw my motion to recon in terms of the conference committee excessive profits totaling $57,371,000. sider, l.n view of the comments which and its report. Even more interesting is a tabulation of have been made by the chairman of the Mr. GEORGE. Mr. President, I am a group of 13 companies selected at Finance Committee and in view of what fully in a position to give the Senator a random, all in the $100,000 to $500,000 all of us know will be his position and direct and definite statement on that bracket during 1943 and therefore not his intention in the confines of the com point. On my motion, as a member of subject to renegotiation. These com mittee of conference. the Finance Committee, $300,000 was panies had average profits of 38.1 per The PRESIDING OFFICER. The written in as the ceiling, and I was quite cent of gross sales. One company's Senator from Minnesota desires to with content with that. There was, of course, profit was 91 percent of its $152,880 in draw his motion to reconsider. Unani much argument on preceding days, and gross sales. mous consent is required for that pur finally some suggestion was made that I should also like to point out that the pose. Is there objection? The Chair the amount be raised to $500,000, because conclusions and recommendations of the the matter had, of course, to go to con Special Senate Committee To Investi hears none, and the motion to reconsider ference. By virtue of the depreciated gate the National Defense Program, in is withdrawn. value of the dollar, we agreed that the the Eightieth Congress, second session, Mr. HUMPHREY. Mr. President, I amount should be $250,000 or $300,000, include the following very straightfor ask unanimous consent to have printed which would be almost equivalent to ward recommendation: at th~s point in the RECORD, as a part of $100,000 at the time we passed the The committee believes that any future my remarks, an excerpt from Report No. World War II Act. I would not hesitate Renegotiation Act shall be improved in the 440, part 2, Eightieth Congress, second to say to the Senator that as one mem- following specific ways: session, on page 234. 1446 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE J:i1EBRUARY 21 There being no objection, the exc€rpt establish and no doubt where such common amendment is as follows: "(but without was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, control was not obvious the companies regard to the civil-service laws and reg a s follows: avoided renegotiation. ulations)." The administrators of the act also urge CONCLUSIONS AND UCOKMENDATIONS Mr. President, this Board m1cy appoint that the base for renegotiation be reduced 1. The committee believes that the Te thousands upon thousands of employees. from $500,CO to $100,000. The original act negotiation law, coupled with the -excess We are spending J:tillions of dollars for in 1S42 applied to all annual business in profits tax, is more. likely to be successful the Civil Service OOlilmission, and we excess of $100,000 but this was raised in the and equitable than any other less .flexible have working for the Commissi many 194'3 act to $500,000 at the request of the method. No more desirable method of re Price Adjustment Boal"ds. At that time very ducing war profiteering wa'S suggested to the men Rnd w men in almost every region slow :progress had been.mane in renegotiation committee. of the United states. I do not see any and a vast volume of work was facing the 2. The reneg.otiation system should be in- sense ir. having all these appointments Boards. It was Ielt that the possible re 1:0rporated in a general industrial mobiliza made without regard to the civil-service covery from concerns in the 100.000 to tion plan ready tJO be put into operation at laws and re,,,aulations. Therefore, I move <$500.000 bracket would not justify the time once in the event of an emergency. to reconsider the vote by hich this and expense of renegotiating them. At th.at 3. The factors to be considered in deter amendment was adopted. mlning what is a .fair profit in time or war time this committee also recommended the The F.RESillING OFFICER. Under eliminatlon of concerns with less than '$'500,- should be set forth more specifically and 0:>0 in war business. The commtttee now With greater particularity. the unanimous-consent agreement al feels in view Of IOUl" wartime -experience in 4. In deciding what is a fair profit, the ready entered~ the Senator who has the administration of the -renegotiation laws eommittee feels that any :fu u-re Tenegotia made the motion has 15 minutes in that this recommemiation was a mistake. tion law mould emptiasize the importance which to speak, if he desires to use that It sh-ould be noted, however, prior to the pas of net worth as a factor in deciding a fair much time; ami the chairman of the sage of the 1943 act, Senator Carl Hatch, profit for a comp<.ny duTlng .a war. In this 15 to way the growth of war milllonaires could Finance Committee has minutes t hen chairman of the Subcommittee on Re discuss the mution, if he desires to do so. negotiation, of this committee, testified be he prevented or greatly eurtailed. be Mr. GEORGE. Mr. President, I s!n fore the S~nate Committlre on Finance that 5. The renegotiation 'tl.-g.ency should a further 'Studies by this 'Subcommittee indi separate agency, indey:>eruient Irom any pro CJrely hope the Senate will not recon cated that the backlog of cases before the curement authority, desj,gn.eti to hand.le the .sider its vote on this amendment. While Boards was -rapidly dwindliD,g and that it renegotiation of all services lliD.d branches of the bill does provide that such employees m ight not be desirable to make the dmnge. the Government. .shall not be .subject · to the civil~service He poi:nted out that ex-cessive profits on 6. The com,mittee believes that any future !aws, yet it expressly requires the to $100,000 of business were very pQssible. Renegotln;tion Act be improved in the 'fol lowing specific ways: be under the a.ry Classification ct. The administrators of the act testified that (a) By bringing within its operation all Of course, it is obvious the Board must recoveries of excessive :pro1it~ from con contractors with an annual war business ex obtain competent employees quickly and tractors in this braeket -probably would not ceeding $100,000. without delay. be large. The principa reason for this rec (b) Including war contracts of all Govern ommendation, they stated, was that in their At this time, when manpower may be ment agencies. come scarcer and scarcer, it is believ cd experience most of the complaints they re ( c) By eliminating all mandatory and per ceived about excessive profiteering during missive exemptions so that all Government necessary to take this action. I hop_e the war were directed at contractors with less contractors with mo'l'e than an annual busi the .Senate will not agree to the motion than $500,000 annual wa'l' business. It was ness of $100,000 are renegotiated. to reconsider. damaging to war morale, they thought, to 7. The committee recommends the estab Mr. KERR. Mr. President, will the let contractors in this bracket retain exces lishment of regional pr.ice adjustment boards Senator yield for a question? sive profits while neighboring contractors in each area, in order to eliminate duplica Mr. GEORGE. I yield. with over $500,000 war business annually tion of facilities and services. were renegotiated. It also frequently hap Mr. KERR. Was it brought out in the pened that contractors about whom com The PRESIDING OFFICER. Are hearings with reference to this particu plaints were received were located in small there further amendments to be pro lar item, by the representatives of the communities where it soon became common posed? pr2sent Renegotiation Board, that in knowledge tb,at the contractor was profiting Mr. SALTONSTALL. Mr. President, their search for competent help in refer excessively. I now call up and offer again my amend ence to the technical and very highly The War Department Price Adjustment classified tasks of renegotiation, they Board furnished the committee a study of ment which is at the desk. the renegotiation of companies in the '$100,- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The had to go beyond the registers of the 000 to $500,000 bracket under the 1942 act. amendment will be stated. Civil Service Commission, and had been Of 3,728 cases in this bracket, 1,631, or 44 Mr. GEORGE. Mr. President, I would compelled to do so even in order to oper percent, were found to have made excessive agree to waive the reading of the amend ate the limited Renegotiation Act now on profits totaling $57,371,000. Even more in ment by the clerk; and in line with my the statute books? teresting is a tabulation of a group of 13 Mr. GEORGE. I think that is correct. companies selected at random, and 1:1.ll in the statement to the Senator from Massa chusetts, I shall be very glad to have the As I recall, such evidence was produced $100,000 to $500,000 bracket during 1943 before the committee. I know the com and therefore not subject to renegotiation. amendment go to conference. That cer These companies had average profits of 38.1 tainly will give the conferees on the part mittee felt it w.as well advised to give the percent of gross sales. One company's :profits of the House an opportunity to place Board the opportunity to make up its were 91 percent of its $152,880 in gross sales. their interpretation on the bill as it now personnel subject to the provisions of the Administrators of the act testified that stands. Classification Act, but not subject to the companies in this bracket could be renego requirements of the civil-service laws and tiated with very few more renegotiators and Mr. SALTONSTALL. Mr. President, I regulations. that the cost of renegotiating them would appreciate very much the courtesy of Mr. LANGER. Mr. President, this be very small. the chairman of the committee. matter is so important that, in connec There was some indication that the $'500,000 Will the Chair put the question on the tion with it, I suggest the absence of a limitation also served to discourage some amendment? quorum, before l speak further in regard subcontractors from accepting additional war The PRESIDING OFFICER. The to it. work that would have put their gross busi question is on agreeing to the amend ness over this amount and subject them to The PRESIDING 0Hi1ICER. The renegotiation. There was also evidence that ment of the Senator from Massachusetts. clerk will call the roll. an attempt to avoid the base limitation was The amendment ~ubmitted by Mr. The legislative clerk called the roll made by some individuals who set up new SALTONSTALL, for himself and Mr. LODGE, and the following Senators answered businesses to take war work that wowd sub was agreed to, as follows: to their names: ject the individual to renegotiation. "This On page 29, line 6, after "wool", insert "in Aiken Byrd Cordon was discouraged to a certain extent by the the grease or scoured." Anderson Cain Douglas statutory provision and regulations bringing Bennett Capehart Duff within renegotiation concerns under com Mr. LANGER. Mr. President, I move Brewster Carlson Dworshak mon control if the gross aggregate business that the veite by which the amendment Bricker Case Eastland Bridges Chapman Ecton was in excess of $500,000. However, proof on page 37, in line 7, was agreed to, be Butler, Md. Clements Ellender of common control ·was at times hard to reconsidered. 'l'he wording of the Butler, Nebr. Connally Ferguson 1951 . CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE ~447 Flanders Kerr Neely service, but you will be limited by the The charge was made by Pul)lisher J. Oli Frear Kilgore O'Conor Classification Act as to the salaries to ver Emmerich, a leader in the States' rights Fulbright Knowland O'Mahoney movement, in his McComb Enterprise-Jour George Langer Pastore be paid." That is why the committee Green Lehman Robertson came to its conclusion. This is a tem nal. Hayden Lodge Russell Emmerich said that a businessman had Hendrickson Long Saltonstall porary job. It is not a lifetime job. I been asked for a $300 contribution when of- . Hennings McCarran SchoeppeJ hope the Senate will not reconsider its fered the job as Pike County (McComb) Hickenlooper McCarthy · Smathers vote. · economic stabilization director. Hill McClellan Smith, Maine Mr. LANGER. Mr. President, how Hoey McFarland Smith,N.J. At Washington, it was reported that all Holland Magnuson Smith, N. C. much time do I have remaining of my district and regional offices now being set Humphrey Malone Stennis minute? up will be under the Office of Price Stabil Hunt Martin Taft The PRESIDING OFFICER: The · ization instead af the Economic Stabiliza- - Ives Maybank . Th ye time of the Senator from North Dakota ti on Agency. Johnson, Colo. Millikin Tobey OPS Director Michael DiSalle said: Johnson, Tex. Monroney Watkins. has expired. The question is on agree Johnston, S. C. Morse . Wherry ir_g to the motion of the Senator from · "We are turning this _matter over to rur . Kefauver Mundt Wiley enforcement dJ.visfon for investigation: ·If- it Kem Murray Williams North Dakota [Mr. LANGER] to recon is found there is any truth 1 it we will ask sider the vote by which the committee the Justice Department to prepare indict The PRESIDING OFFICER. A quo amendment was agreed to. ments for submission to a grand jury. Fur rum is present. The question is on Mr. LANGER. Mr. President, ·I ask thermore; if we -find any of our own people · agreeing to the motion .of the Senator for the yeas -and nays. involved in it, they will be dismissed and from North Dakota [Mr. LANGERJ. The yeas and nays were not ordered. prosecuted, if subject to prosecution." Mr. LANGER. Mr. President, has my The motion was rejected. My colleague [Mr. STENNIS] and I de time expired? The PRESIDING OFFICER. The bill sire to explain the matter and its back The PRESIDING OFFICER. The is ope:r. to further ~mendment. If there g-round to the Senate: For a great many ~ time of the Senator from North Dakota. be no further amendment, the .question . months we ·have been- g-etting reports- has expired. The question is on agree is on the engrossment of the amend of the widespread sale of Federal jo'bs ing to the· motion of the Senator ·from ment[; and the third reading of the bill. in Mississippi by people in the State who North Dakota. The amendments were ordered to be have organized a committee which calls Mr. LANGER. Mr. President, will the engrossed and the bill to be read a third itself the Mississippi Democratic Com Senator from Georgia yield 1 minute time. mittee, and which is recognized and af to me? The bill w~s read the third time and filiated officially with the Democratic Mr. GEORGE. Mr. President, I have passed. National Committee, indeed, it was set up no time to yield. My time has expired. Mr. GEORGE. Mr. President, I send by the Democratic National Committee. · Mr. McFARLAND. Mr. President, I forward a unanimous-consent request It was created by it. It is its agent. It is ask unanimous consent that the Senator which I ask to have stated. its instrumentality. It is its official rep:. from North Dakota be allowed to proceed The PRESIDING OFFICER. The re- resentative in Mississippi. In fact, this for 1 minute. quest will be stated. committee in Mississippi dispenses all The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without The legislative clerk read as follows: Federal jobs and Federal Government objection, the Senator fro~ North Da- I ask unanimous consent that- favors in the State. kota is recognized for 1 mmute. . ( 1) The bill be printed with the Senate Judging from repeated reports, this Mr. LANGER. Mr. President, the amendments numbered. situation has become so bad and so cor question before the Senate is whether, (2) That in the engrossment of the rupt that my collea,gue and I have had in the appointment of employees, we amendments of the Senate to the bill, the an investigator at work in the State to are to disregard the civil-service laws Secretary of the Senate be authorized to secure information on which to base an and regulations. The paragraph I have make such changes in section, subsection, paragraph, etc., numbers and letters and investigation by the Senate of the de in mind reads: - cross-references thereto as may be necessary plorable condition which exists there. The Board is authorized, subject to the to the proper numbering and lettering of the Several weeks ago we jointly called ·upon Classification Act of 1949 (but without re bill. gard to the civil-service laws and regula Mr. Howard McGrath, the Attorney tions) , to employ and fix the compensation The PRESIDING OFFICER. With General of the United States, and re of such officers and employees- out objection, the unanimous-consent quested an investigation by the FBI of the sale of places ·...mder the jurisdiction In other words, the salary is fixed. If request is granted. the committee amendment were not Mr. GEORGE. Mr. President, I now of the FBI. Mr. McGrath promised his adopted, the employees would be taken move that the Senate insist upon its full cooperation and our information is from the civil-service rolls. amendments, request a conference there that he has started such an investiga Mr. President, we are spending mil on with the House of Representatives, tion. lions of dollars for civil service. Why and that the Chair appoint the conferees Mr. President, we have confidence in should an important Board like this not on the oart of the Senate. Howard McGrath, and we know that he take its employees from the civil-service The motion was agreed to; and the will do his utmost. The FBI has no list or register? All I am asking is that Presiding Officer appointed Mr. GEORGE, jurisdiction over the postal service, and line 7 be eliminated, which says: "(but Mr. CONNALLY, Mr. BYRD, Mr. JOHNSON of we have also gone to the Postmaster without regard to the civil-service laws Colorado, Mr. MILLIKIN, Mr. TAFT, and General with reports of the sale of post and regulations)." Mr. BUTLER of Nebraska conferees on the masterships and places as rural letter Mr. GEORGE. Mr. President, I do part of the Senate. carrier in the State. Mr. Donaldson has nff~ wish to take the time of the Senate. ALLEGED BARTER AND SALE OF FEDERAL assured us that he would investigate Testimony before the committee was to OFFICES IN MISSISSIPPI these matters. the effect that the Board, in order to Mr. EASTLAND. Mr. President, I de The personnel of the Office of Price get the experienced people who were re sire to call the attention of the Senate Stabilization is currently being set up in quired to do the job imposed on it by to an Associated Press dispatch from the State. Our information is that the Reorganization Act of 1948, had to McComb, Miss. It has to do with the places as county director for this agency go outside the register to get them. It barter and sale · of Federal jobs in the also appeared that in many instances are being sold for a fixed fee of from State of Mississippi. The dispatch reads: three to four hu:adred dollars in each they could get retired businessmen, re McCOMB, Mrss., February 20.-A Mississippi tired professional men, retired teachers, county. publisher charged today that several Mis Mr. President, I desire at this time to and others who could not qualify under sissippians offered jobs as county economic civil service. At the present time when stabilization directors . were first asked to read an affidavit which I received from we need manpower, we thought it would contribute $300 to $400 to the Truman fac Pearl River County, Miss., a county not be wise to say, "You need not go to civil tion of the State's Democratic Party. involved in the newspaper article which 1448 CONGRESSIONAL .RECORD-SENATE FEBRUARY 21 I have read to the Senate. The affidavit states on oath that on or about the 25th day Mr. EASTLAND: I would not agree to of July A. D. i949 he paid the sum of $150 reads: that. My colleague and I intend to sub in cash to H. R. Abercrombie, a merchant of mit a resolution. We shaill be very glad STATE OF MISSISSIPPI, Collins, Miss., who in exchange for the said to consider the Senator's suggestion. County of Pearl Rwer: sum of $150 guaranteed a continuance of the Personally a:tJpeared before me, the under job of said J. Allen Pickering (said job being However, it is our intention to submit the signe<1 authority in t.nd for the ai-Jo·.-e-men rural letter carrier from the post office at resolution with respe~t to Mississippi, tioned county and State, W. Denny Russ, Collins, Miss.) for a period extending until where we have the proof to which I have who stated on oath that he was aµproached after the congressional election of 1950. referred. on February 13, 1951, b:· R. F. Brashie1!', who The said H. R. Abercrombie, at the above Mr. FERGUSON. The Senator from gave his address as Erookhaven, Miss., phone stated time, says Mr. Pickering, stated that Michigan will off er an amendment later. 1608, who stated they we1!'e looking for a he was acting for or was the agent of CUrtis Mr. EASTLAND. That i~ the Sena man t o set up a !'ation Loard '. n Pearl' River Rogers, of Sylverina, Miss., who is. one of County and that be lilad been ri.r .- ~ted to see the Trumanite State committee and who to:-'s privilege. me for the position. of supervtsor, that I claimed to have Federal patronage in this As I have stated, in recent weeks woulu be directly in charge at all personnel, section. rumors have reached both my colleague which would consist of 10 to 12 people, and and me that war contractors have been that my salary would be, as supervisor, the Mr. Rogers is personnel man for the approached by this group attempting to sum of $4,500 per year, hut m OJ:der to get group which call themselves the Mis solicit certain sums from them for their this appointment, I would have ta give him sissippi Democratic Committee. infiuence in the p:rocurement of war con a. check in the amount of $400 to be made Continuing the quotation: out t o the i~ational Democratic Committee. tracts. However, since this matter is of This WM stated by both Brashier and his Regardless of the above-described agree recent origin we have not been able to wife, who was with him, and to convince me ment or contract between said parties, J. tie it down, though we verily believe the that this was on the le··el and that he had Allen Pickering further states on oath that, reports to be correct. the authority to set up this Board, h.e pro after receiving due, notice, he was relieved Another report is that persons indicted duced some four or five checks from differ of the said job on March 1, 1950. J. ALLEN PICKEJiING. for income-tax fraud have been con ent counties, which were made out for the tacted by this group, have received sum of $400 and signed by difierent people. Sworn to and subscribed before me on I asked Mr. Brashier if this appoin.tment this the 25th day of March A. D. 1950. suspended sentences over the protest of would come from the endorsement of Mem LONIE E. MEADOR, the United States. attorney, and there bers of Congress or Senate from Mississippi, Circuit Clerk. after emerged as Federal patronage dis By NELL GRAVES, pensers in their respective areas. and his wife, Mrs. Brashier, informed me District Clerk. that as far- as any appointments in the State Mr. President, the administration was of Mississippi were concerned that both the Mr. President, these affidavits were warned on several occasions of what Senators, EASTLAND and STENNIS, were secured as the result of the work done would happen, what was happening, and through with appointments. ·Due to the fact that I did not think his by an investigator whom my colleague what subsequently did happen in Mis offer was legitimate, I would not accept, and and I have had in the State. There has sissippi. They were warned by promi they hurriedly departed. also ccme to us information as to .the nent people both in private life and in W. DENNY Russ. sale of places in the Office of Price Sta the Government. Thos.e warnings were bilization in a number of other counties ignored. Wby they were ignored in the The affidavit was acknowledged be!ore in addition to the instance in Pike face of what was happening in the State a :notary puli>lie. County mentioned in the Associated is beyond my comprehension. The ad Mr. President. Mr. Russ is a competent. Press dispatch. We believe that this ministratiO.Jl ha.s a number of influential and high class gentleman. l think be information is accurate, and we desire and prominent people in the State who made a mistake in tbe affidavit when he to make it available to an investigating are its fl"iends. These people are highly said that the check was to be made out committee, which we shall ask be estab respected and are people of the very in the name of the National Democratic. lished to investigate thoroughly the sit highest integrity. My colleague and I I Committee. think they said the uation within the State of Mississippi. have requested that the Federal pat check was. to be made out to the Missis It is my judgment that the sale of places' ronage in the state be handled by these sippi Democratic Committee. in the Ofiice of Price Stabilization is But the fact is that the Mississippi friends of the administration so that widespread over the State. In recent there would be no scandal attached to by Committee was set up the Democratic weeks rumors have reached both Sena the Democratic administ:ration and. in National Committee. The Mississippi. tors from Mississippi that war contrac, order that no tribute be levied upon Committee is the agent in Mississippi of t€lrs have been approached by this group veterans and others who desired Federal the Democratic National Committee. attempting to solicit certain sums from employment and that there would be no It is the representative, the instrumen tality in the State, of the Demoeratic them for their influence in the procure shake· down of businessmen and others ment of war contracts. who desire to cooperate with the Defense National Committee. The group which Establishment and who would have to do compose this committee state publicly Mr. FERGUSON. Mr. President, will the Senator yield? bnsiness with these agencies. that they se:nd a part of this money to The present newspaper publicity has i:he Democratic National Committee. Mr. EASTLAND. I yield. Mr. FERGUSON. Will not the Sena come before the two Senators from Mis Furthermore, 'we ha"Ve received re sissippi could finish their investigation ports from other counties where this has t.or broaden his request for the investi happ.ened.. Automobile dealers are be gation so as to include not only the of the conditions in the State. We be ing approached and told, "You pay this State of Mississippi, but all other States. lieve that this condition is widespread money and you can control the ration and possessions of the United States? and that it must be investigated by the board. You will get benefits over your Mr. EASTLAND. The only State with Senate. It is our purpose in the near competitors in the automobile business respect to which we have any proof is future to submit a resolution to set up a if you put up $400 for this job. If you the State of Mississippi. We think we specia.l Senate committee to investigate do not want it, name the man and we have first-hand knowledge of conditions the sordid aspects of the entire set-up in will appoint whomever you name." there. We shall request an investiga Mississippi. We desire a special com mittee, Mr. President, because this is a Mr. President, here is another affida tion in that State by a Senate commit subject matter with respect to which the vit which substantiates what my col tee. If the Senator from Michigan de l Judiciary Committee would have juris league and have to say about condi sires to ask for an investigation to cover diction of one aspect. the Finance Com tions in the state: the entire country_, that is something for mittee over another aspect, the Post STATE OF MISSISSIPPI, the Senate to determine; but we shall Office and Civil Service Committee over Co-unty of Jones, First District: ask it :for Mississippi. Personally appeared before me., Lonie E. another, the Armed Services Committee Meador, circuit clerk of the above-named Mr. FERGUSON. Will not the Sena over another and probably the Commit county and State, J. Allen Pickering, of Col tor accept an amendment to include the tee on Expenditures in the Executive lins, Miss., who being by me first duly sworn, rest of the country? Departmen~s over another aspect. 1951 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 1449 This whole matter is interlocked, and being approached by individuals who Senate I give my assurance to each Mem separate investigations by a half dozen claim to have the authority to act under ber that I am satisfied that a full-scale Senate committees would be wasteful the Economic Controls Act, and are be investigation will disclose that rural and inefficient. The people of our State ing offered good paying 1- ositions for $400 mail routes and postmasterships in Mis are disgusted and dismayed. They had cash on the barrel head. The affidavits sissippi are actually being sold for hard no ide~, that they would be turned over mentioned by my colleague and placed in money, that small contractors are being as the prey for political free-hooters. the RECORD speak for themselves. made to believe that they have to pay Mr. STENNIS. Mr. President, I de Mr. President, I anticipated such prac money or they will be on the Government sire to assure the Members of the Senate tices as this by some of those who were blacklist and not get any Government that I am asking for decent consider advisers to the administration in Mis contracts, and that, because of the un ation of the people of my State, to pro sissippi, because for some time I have savory situation, some persOfls are paying tect them from the practices which have been receiving reports from various parts money in expectation of Federal jobs. I been related on thP. floor of the Senate of the State that appointments to rural believe that a full-scale investigation will and which are proceeding now. mail routes and to postmasterships were show that positions in the economic con When the Economic Controls Act was being sold for cash. Members of the trols organization are being offered right before the Senate in 1950, I realized it House of Representatives from Missis and left for money consideration. I am meant that the people of America would sippi have not been consulted by the ad not fully informed as to tax matters, but be put in an economic strait-jacket, their ministration in the selection of such mail I have sufficient information to cause me freedom taken a way, and their daily carriers and postmasters. to feel that certain income-tax cases in lives controlled. I saw in that bill many I have no direct proo4 to substantiate Mississippi should be thoroughly inves opportunities for fraud and corruption. any particular case, but I hji.ve informa tigated. It is because of these conditions I felt that the main administrators, cer tion from reliable sources which causes that I shall ask the Senate for full-scale tainly those at the State level, ought to me to believe th'1t veterans who are still investigations by a special committee. be confirmed by the Senate so we would carrying wounds from German and Jap Mr. President, let me point out that have some direct responsibility in con-· anese bayonets and who are entitled to there is now enough uncertainty among nection therewith and some control over these positions under the Veterans' Pref the American people without adding the matter. I knew th2,t that control erence Act, are being hijacked and held scandal to the administration of the war was needed in Missississippi, because I up for money in order to secure these effort or other public affairs. This is not was already receiving reports about the positions. Some weeks ago I gave in a question of politics. It is a question of activities of those who supported and formation along this line to Postmaster decency and honesty in government. I were representing the· administration in General Donaldson, a man for whom I trust that the Senate will see fit to au my State, some of whom had highly have a high regard and who, I am su:;:e, thorize the investigation which will be questionable reputations. My colleague will proceed to investigate such matters. asked for in the resolution to be submit [Mr. EASTLAND], the Senator from Ar Other violations of law with regard to ted soon to the Senate by my colleague kansas [Mr. McCLELLAN], and I offered appointments outside the Post Office De and myself. an amendment in the Senate requiring partment have aiso come to my atten Mr. WILEY. Mr. President, will the confirmation of administrators serving tion. Senator yield? at the State level and above. That I have representations from men of Mr. STENNIS. I shall be glad to yield. amendment was adopted by the Senate. the highest integrity that small contrac Mr. WILEY. In the Senator's opinion, It was lost in conference and did not tors are being approached by persons in would it not be advisable. in view of the become a part of the law. Mississippi who claim to represent the fact that Federal law is being violated, When the Congress returned in No administration and are charging them for the President, who has jurisdiction vember 1950, I spoke to several of those $200 to get their names on a so-called of the activities of the FBI, issue orders who were high and influential advisers "eligible list" for Government contracts. to th~ FBI to make the investigation? of the administration, and asked them I mentioned this matter to some Mem It is not only . in Mississippi that such to look into the situation in Mississippi, bers of the Senate but have not actually conditions as the Senator describes exist. because I was certain in my mind that reported it, as I am developing further I know of several instances which have when the Economic Stabilization Act proof along this line. occurred in my State which simply made was put into effect there would be an at-· Mr. President, these are grave charges. my blood boil. tempt to sell jobs and sell alleged war and I can assure the Senate that they Mr. STENNIS. My remarks are con contracts, and other activities in my are serious to the people of Mississippi. fined to facts concerning which I have State. I emphasized to those persons It is not characteristic nor typical of the personal knowledge and direct informa repeatedly that I did not want to have people of my State to indulge in or to tion. I have confined myself to a state anything to do with naming the admin be subjected to such practices in con ment respecting the State of Mississippi. istrators, that is, to select them myself. nection with governmental affairs. I as Soon after Congress convened in Jan sure the people of Mississippi that I have DISCREPANCIES IN ACCOUNTS OF COM- uary of this year I renewed the same done everything I can to avoid such in MODITY CREDIT CORPORATION warning to several individuals in the ad cidents happening to them, and assure Mr. WILLIAMS. Mr. President, on ministration, and emphasized again that the Members of the Senate that the peo March 25, 1949, I first called to the atten I did not want to name any of the in ple of Mississippi highly resent such tac tion of the Senate the fact that the books dividuals who were to be appointed. My tics being employed in connection with of the Commodity Credit Corporation colleague and I then went together to their public affairs. Given the proper were in a deplorable condition and that other members of the group in the ad opportunity, I believe that most of them the staggering amount of $366,000,000 ministration and explained that we did who have knowledge of these matters will had not been accounted for. I requested not want to make the appointments. disclose them in the interest of justice a '~ that time that the Senate Agriculture We warned them of what would happen and decency, and I encourage them to . Committee give this subject its imme and suggested the names of two very do so. diate consideration. Following my dis able and highly respectable Mississipians Under these ci;rcumstances, I make a closure, a renewed effort was made to who had the complete confidence of the special :request of the Senate for a full adjust these records, and by June 1950 administration, and suggested that they scale investigation of all these matters to this item of $366,000,000 had been re at least be consulted in an advisory ca be conducted directly by the Senate _duced to $96,440,497. At that time we pacity with reference to the administra through a special committee, because the were advised that this amount was being tion of the Economic Controls Act. This subject matter will be found to be· so written off in order to bring the books of suggestion by my colleague and me was varied that it will far exceed the juris the CCC into balance. ignored. diction of any committee or subcommit I protested that procedure, and on We have now received reports that tee now in existence in tne Senate. On June 6, 1950, when the Commodity Credit numbers of persons in Mississippi are my responsibility as a Member of the Corporation was asking for an additional 1450 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE FEBRUARY 21 $2,000,000,000 of borrowing authority, I BASIC DATA ON UNITED STATES ENERGY authorities are cited for liquid fuels, took the position that the Senate should RESOURCES (S. DOC. NO. 8) natural gas, coal and hydroelectric not authorize any additional funds for Mr. O'MAHONEY. Mr. President, so power. Synthetic liquid fuel from coal this Corporation until such time as it had many requests have been received by the and oil sha°le is also discussed. accounted for all the money it had re Committee on Interior and Insular Af Other sections of the document deal ceived. However, the Senate saw fit to fairs for copies of a monograph which with financial aspects of the fuel in override my objections, and took the was prepared by its staff entitled "B;tsic dustries, with employment and produc position that since the $96,000,000 re Data Relating to Energy Resources" tivity, and with the technological f erred to as written off represented trans that I wish to make the announcement changes in the discovery, production, and actions which occurred during the war that the monograph has now been au use of each of the fuels. years, it wou1'i not be profitable to the thorized to be printed by the Senate of When the document was issued re Government to persist in reestablishing the United States as Senate Document cently as a committee print, the demand the old records. No. 8, and will be available presently to within 24 hours was greater than the I refused to accept this explanation as all who may care to purchase it from the supply available to the committee. final. I am sure the Senate will be in Superintendent of Documents, Govern Again let me say, Mr. President, that this terested in knowing that further re ment Printing Office, Washington, D. C., document is now on sale at the Govern newed efforts by the Comptroller General ·for 75 cents a copy. It will be a valuable ment Printing Office for 75 cents a copy. :1ave accounted for an additional $15,- addition to the library of any person who The volume is the most complete com 266,000, which now reduces the amount is interested in promoting the develop pendium of basic, fundamental, and unaccounted for from the $96,440,497 re ment of this country. The document is comprehensive information with respect ferred to in the audit report for the year the first compilation in a single volume to our principal sources of energy, in ended June 30, 1947, as reported to the of fundamental, comprehensive, factual cluding coal, oil, natural gas, and hydro Senate on June 6, 1950, to $81,174,497. A information on each of the four major electric or water power. I feel that it breakdown of this $15,266,000 is as energy sources--coal, oil, gas, and hydro is important that this notice of the avail follows: electric power-upon which the indus ability of the document in the Govern Government agencies: trial and military might of the people of ment Printing Office should appear in War Department______$10, 964, 000 the United States rests. the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, so that those Navy Department______2, 043, 000 A vast amount of information on these who read th~ RECORD and who are inter Department of Agriculture___ 736, 000 great natural resources has been avail ested in obtaining the information may U. S. Commercial Company__ 426, 000 able in many publications, but the ma know how the document may be ac Lend-lease----~--~------382,000 Veterans' Administration____ 221, 000 terial is in such scattered form that quired. Panama Railroad Company__ 132, 000 practical use of it can be made only by SALE OF CHEDDAR CHEESE TO BRITISH War Shipping Administra- the fuels expert who has the time to GOVERNMENT tion ______80,000 make detailed examination of a large Treasury Department______53,000 number of volumes. The painstaking Mr. WILLIAMS. Mr. President, re- . War Assets Administration __ 23,000 job of reviewing the mass of material, cently there was released to the press by Reconstruction Finance Cor- poration ______selecting the important• and significant the Department of Agriculture a notice 1,000 facts, and presenting them in a concise to the effect that 50,000,000 pounds of Total ______15,061,000 manner in compact form, has been done Cheddar cheese had been sold to the British Government. Less net amount refunded to for the layman in Senate Document UNRRA for corrections of No. 8. The more than 200 charts, tables, Upon inquiry relative to the price the billings------1, 171,000 and maps represent the best judgment British paid, I was advised that it was of experts in the various energy fields the policy of the Department not to dis Total Government agen- cies ______13,890,000 as to what information on each fuel close prices of negotiated sales with for should be brought together as the basis eign governments. However, further Other than Government agen- correspondence has developed the in cies: . . for the energy-resource study being con Foreign governments______136, 000 ducted by the Committee on Interior and formation which I now pass on to the Commercial (consists of ap- Insular Affairs. The material was com taxpayers, who, after all, are going to proximately 1,000 items piled by specialists from the Department pay the bill. representing claims filed of the Interior and the Library of Con This 50,000,000 pounds of Cheddar after June 30, 1947, and gress, working with the committee staff. cheese cost the Federal Government an adjustments of claims, Senate Document No. 8 offers the most average of about 31 cents per pound, or mainly against carriers, approximately $15,500,000. On October warehouses, vendors, and comprehensive picture possible, in a vol other private corporations ume of this size, of where the Nation 20, 1950, the 50,000,000 pounds referred and !ndividuals)------1, 240, 000 stands in terms of energy resources. to above was sold to the United Kingdom What they are, who uses them, how fast Ministry of Food for 15 cents a pound, · Total ______15,266,000 we are using them, and how much ·of or about one-half of its cost, represent ing a loss of about $7,500,000. The fact that a substantial part of this them we have left, are matters covered recovery represents collections from in this document. The illustrations and It is of interest to note that during other Government departments means explanatory material deal with all the same period in which this cheese that these departments were also, dur phases of energy consumption by type was purchased by the Federal Govern ing the years in question, not keeping of fuel and by type of user, the changing ment, and subsequently was exported patterns of fuel consumption, the rates out of this country to Great Britain, at accurate records of their own expendi and trends of production of the various a substantial loss-apparently for the tures; otherwise, these discrepancies fuels, and the amounts and kinds of fuel purpose of making the price of Cheddar would have been picked up in their re imports and exports. Statistics are cheese higher to the American house ports. given showing the nature and extent of wife-we imported Cheddar cheese from I reiterate my previous position that the industry facilities, such as coal the British Empire in quantities amount Congress is negligent when it allows any mines, oil wells, pipelines, and refineries. ing to over 13,000,000 pounds, with Government corporation to continue its Other data show the major concerns in 2,470,000 pounds coming from Canada operations when it knows that the books. the several fuel industries and the divi and 10,370,000 pounds coming from New of that corporation are in such a de sion of the markets among them. Zealand, at prices ranging from 21 to plorable condition. As one Member of Perhaps the most provocative section 37 cents a pound. the Senate, I shall continue my interest of the document is the chapter on fuel To further complicate the case, the in this Corporation until the remainder reserves-those reserves which are the importation of this cheese was encour of this amount has been fully accounted keystone of our entire economy in time aged under the reciprocal-trade agree for or until I can determine who is re of peace, and of our national security in ments by a 50-percent reduction in tariff sponsible. time of war. Estimates by competent rates. · 1951 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENA TE 1451 The senior Senator from Massachu The net operating loss of the Commodity The primary objective of this meas setts [Mr. SALTONSTALL] recently called Credit Corporation, including the $2,102,069,- 870.49 cost of the wartime consumer subsidy ure is to preserve and restore unimpaired a similar transaction to the attention of program, was $3,251,843,466.22. Of the net the fundamental property rights of the the Senate in relation to our exportation operating loss of $1,149,773,595.73, excluding several sovereign States, and to prevent of substantial quantities of butter at 15 the wartime consumer subsidy program further encroachment by the Federal cents a pound, while the American shown above, $705,790,030.36 represents the Government upon the rights of the housewives are being forced to pay 75 estab"shment of reserves for estimated losses States in this respect. cents. on loans, receivables, and inventories as of June 30, 1950. In other words, this amount May I express the view of myself and Unless we discontinue this absurd con represents possible future losses rather than my colleagues that the time is long over tradictory policy, by which we find that realized losses as of that date. Actual real due that definite and permanent action one Government agency is spending mil ized net losses, exclusive of the wartime con be taken by the Congress to accomplish lions of dollars for the sole purpose of sumer subsidy costs, amounted to $443,983,- deliberately forcing food prices higher, 565.37, this amount including both net pro this end. There are important reasons, by creating artificial shortages, and, at gram losses as well as overhead expenses and emphasized by current events which are the same time, another Government interest costs. well known to all, why this is impera agency is set up and staffed with thou In regard to section 32 operations, the tive. Had such action been taken when funds made available for "Exportation and such a measure was first presented to the sands of employees for the sole purpose domestic consumption of agricultural com of holding down these same prices, modities" since enactment of section 32 leg- · Congress some 5 years ago we would not Washington, instead of being classified islation on August 24, 1935, through the fiscal find ourselves confronted with the prob as the Capital of the State of Confusion, year 1950 have amountod to $2,241,557,961. lem which now faces us. will find itself as the Capital of Bank Of this total, $1,961,716,479 had been obli Experience has demonstrated and ruptcy. gated as of June 30, 1950, and $1,952,544,994 present conditions confirm the fact that As evidence of what this type of pro had been expended. Of the total obligations, $1,400,681,148 was used for the purposes with the States have shown superior ability in gram is costing the American taxpayers, in section 32, and $561,035,331 represents the development and production of pe I ask unanimous consent to have in funds used in accordance with legislative troleum resources. This statement is serted in the RECORD at this point a let directives other than section 32. The latter substantiated by the report of the Na ter from Mr. F. J. Lawton, Director of include National School Lunch Act (1947, tional Petroleum Council on this ques the Bu~eau of the Budget, dated Octo 1948, and 1949) , cotton price adjustment pro tion. This national body, composed of ber 11, 1950, in which he points out that gram, agricultural conservation program, the Commodity Credit Corporation, the wartime incentive payments, and pay act outstanding experts in the oil industry, purposes in 1947. Of the total funds avail was appointed by the Secretary of the agency which handles these transactions, able to June 30, 1950, the sum of $115,223,!:149 has since its inception cost the Ameri' Interior to conduct an investigation, to was returned to the Treasury in the form of make research, and to formulate "Ana can taxpayers $3,251,843,466.22. . This unobligated balances. The remainder of the amount does not include $1,952,544,994 unused balances was either reappropriated tional oil policy for the United States." which has been expended by the Depart or was continued available for obligation In its repo ..'t, after a thorough review of ment of Agriculture under section 32 of after June 30, 1950. the entire situation, the Council ex the Agricultural Adjustment Act; al It should be pointed out, we believe, that pressed its studied conclusion and made though that amount has been spent as the Commodity Credit Corporation does not the following recommendation: spend section 32 funds, and in tabulations a subsidy to agriculture, those operations of CCC costs section 32 expenditures should The petroleum resources of the lands be are conducted under separate legislative not be included. Section 3'1 of the Agricul neath the marginal seas extending to the authority. tural Adjustment Act, as amended (7 U.S. C. outer edge of the Continental Shelf can best There being no objection, the letter 612c), ls a separate legislative authority under be explored and developed under State, was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, which a number of different programs are rather than Federal, control. as follows: carried out by the Department of Agriculture. In that connection, it went on to say: Sincerely yours, EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT, F. J, LAWTON, Substantial quantities of oil lie under th•f. BUREAU OF THE BUDGET, Director. seas bordering the shores of several States . Washington, D. C., October 11, 1950. ':.hey constitute one of the most important Hon. JOHN J. WILLIAMS, TITLE TO LANDS BENEATH NAVIGALLE sources of additional domestic oil supply re United States Senate, Washington, D . C. WATERS maining to be discovered and developed.· A MY DEAR SENATOR WILLIAMS: In answer to prudent oil policy would require that these a telephone request from your office con Mr. HOLLAND. Mr. President, on be resources be discovered and developed as soon cerning the operating results of the Com half of myself and 34 of my colleagues as possible. modity Credit Corporation since its incep from States spanning the Nation, both Years of experience have demonstrated tion and through June 30, 1950, the follow inland and coastal, I ask unanimous con that State laws and regulations, designed to ing information is submitted: sent to introduce a bill to establish, con provide the necessary incentives and proper OPERATING RESULTS TO JUNE 30, 1950, AND firm and vest in the States title to lands conservation practices, and on-the-ground DEFICIT beneath navigable waters within their State administration encourage the risk Net operating loss, exclu boundaries. The following Senators are taking vital to the discovery and develop sive of cost of wartime joint sponsors of this measure: Arkan ment of petroleum resources. Federal laws consumer subsidy pro- and regulations, with final authority far re gram ______$1,149,773,595.73 sas, Mr. McCLELLAN; California, Messrs. moved from the scene of operations, have KNOWLAND and NIXON; Delaware, Mr. Adjustments for recovery tended to discourage exploration for oil un of price support FREAR; Florida, Messrs. HOLLAND and derlying Federal lands and to retard its dis losses: SMATHERS; Indiana, Messrs. CAPEHART a~.d covery. Charges to the reserve JENNER; Iowa, Mr. HICKENLOOPER; Kan Furthermore, on historic and constitu for postwar price sup- sas, Messrs. SCHOEPPEL and CARLSON; tional grounds and under judicial precedents, port______500,000,000.00 Louisiana, Messrs. ELLENDER and LoN'1; the abutting States should own the lands Recovery from Secre Maryland, Messrs. O'CONOR and BUTLER; and the resources beneath the marginal sea tary of the Treas Massachusetts, Mr. SALTONSTALL; Minne to the outer edge of the Continental Shelf, ury-Public Laws 389 inasmuch as any area within or appurtenant and 393, 80th Cong__ 56, 239, 432. 11 sota, Mr. THYE; Mississippi, Messrs. to the continental United States is required EASTLAND and STENNIS; Nebraska, Mr. under our Federal system to be included in Net operating loss BUTLER; Nevada, Messrs. McCARRAN and one or more States of the Union. A sound after adjust- MALONE; New Jersey, Mr. HENDRICKSON; national policy should prompt Congress to ments______593,534, 163.62 Ohio, Messrs. TAFT and BRICKER; Oregon, confirm in such abutting States the owner Cost of wartime consumer Mr. CORDON; Pennsylvania, Messrs. MARw ship of the lands and subsoil beneath such marginal seas. subsidy program ______2,102,069,870.49 TIN and DUFF; South Carolina, Mr. Net restoration of capital from U. S. Treasury___ 1, 897, 367, 543. 78 JOHNSTON; South Dakota, Mr. MUNDT; Despite this definite recommendation, Texas, Messrs. CONNALLY and JOHNSON; action by Congress resolving this prob Net deficit as of Virginia, Messrs. BYRD and ROBERTSON; lem has been delayed, with resulting con June 30, 1950___ 798, 236, 490. 33 Washington, Mr. CAIN. fusion on the part of the oil industry, the 1452 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE FEBRUARY .21 States, and the Federal agencies. This The report also said : Committee on Finance, with amend confusion was further enhanced by the The committee is o.f the opinion that not ments. decisions of the United States Supreme only will the public interest be best served Mr. GEORGE. Mr. President, I ask Court on June 5 of last year in the cases by confirming the rights of the States but unaniinous consent that the bill be brought by the United States ·against the that common justice and equity require such temporarily laid aside, until after the States of Louisiana and Texas. These action. reading of Washjngton's Farewell Ad decisions had been looked forward to As yet, many States, including my own, dress, tomorrow, at which time, if it is with a considerable degree of expectancy have not been subjected to any legal agreeable to the majority leader, I shall for guidance in the solution of the exist action instituted by the Federal Govern ask that the Senate proceed to the con ing problem. It had been hoped that the ment, challenging the ownership and use sideration of the bill. Court might correct what many consider of the submerged lands and resources Mr. McFARLAND. l\k President, as an erroneous pronouncement of the law within their boundaries. Who is there to I remember, the distiLguished chairman in the California case, which failed to say that many States, interior or coastal, of the Senate Finance Committee ex recognize the rig}1ts of the States which are not subject to being placed in pressed the opinion that it would take had prevailed in this Nation for over a jeopardy by coErt action brought by Fed not more than an hour to dispose of century. These rights embraced the eral agencies in an effort to invoke the House bill 1, and, masmuch as it will ownership of all lands beneath navigable same doctrine of so-called paramount take but a very short time to dispose of waters within their boundaries. No or rights? it tomorrow after the reading of Wash der and decree effectuating these deci In presenting this bill, my cosponsors ington's Farewell Address, I think we sions was entered into until December and I find ourselves in highly respectable 11, 1950, so that no legislation was passed should do so; after which we can recess · company. This company includes the until Monday, February 26, thus giving during the Eighty-first Congress. following Nation-wide organizations At the opening of the Eighty-second the committees an opportunity to catch whose dignity and patriotism are un up on their important work. Congress a so-called interim resolu challenged: The Council of State Gov tion-Senate Joint Resolution 20-was ernments, the Governors' Conference, The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there introduced by the senior Senator from National Association of Attorneys Gen objection to the request of the Senator Wyoming and the junior Senator from eral, the American Bar AsS"Jiation, Na from Georgia? The Chair hears none. New Mexico. The hearings are now be tional Conference of Mayors, American and it is so ordered. ing conducted thereon before 'the Senate Association of Port Authorities, National CITATION FOR CONTEMPT OF JOSEPH Committee on Interior and Insular Af Reclamation Association, National Water AIUPPA fairs. These hearings demonstrate the Conservation Association, National In Mr. KEFAUVER. Mr. President, on serious confusion and uncertainty that stitute of Municipal Law Officers Quebec very charming young lady from my own Committee and your ow:n Colonel Chambers area which is now being developed. Unless State, Miss N6r1ta Newbrough, age 16, for arranging the prompt preliminary steps of La.• for setting up the conference. With the the seaway is built, obtaining ore from this Baton Rouge, who is attending new source wlll present serious problems of alertness and foresight of your commi~tee. the Baton Rouge High School. I ask with the preparation of the Interdepart transportation includine the hazards of war unanimous consent that following my mental Commtttee and with the cooperation time sea transportation. On the other hand. remarks there may be embodied in the of all the appropriate agencies in Washing the accessibility of the Labrador-Quebec body of the RECORD her essay entitled ton, Seattle, -and Alaska, anti especially With . area made possible .bY the seaway would sup "I Speak for Democracy." the cooperntion, good will, and patriotic de plement our present supply and would fur ntsh a substantial additional source if our There being no objection, the essay termination of the contractors and the was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, unions, our mission, we trust, has achieved present primary source should be seriously some of the purposes which Chairman JOHN reduced. Freedom from submarine attack as follows: SON and your committees and the depart does not, of course, mean fUll security. The I SPEAK FOR DEMOCRACY ments involved had in mind in urging that risk of interruption of the new seaway by enemy sabotage must be faced. The danger (By Norita Newbrough, age 16, Baton Rouge the mission be sent to Alaska. The under High School, Baton Rouge, La.) taking had the nature of an adventure for of sabotage, however, is already of critical which all participating had real zest and importance at the locks at Sault Ste. Marte, I speak for democracy. I have no franchise joy in a rich experience in trying to serve through which our Lake Superior ores are yet, no voice in who shall make the laws, or our country. Please express my best wishes brought in stlch vast quantity. Vntil the what those laws shall be, still, democracy and seaway is built, almost the wl:ole of our iron [ have been acquainted for some time now. to LYNDON Jo:EtNsoN, WAYNE MORSE, LEV Very early, since before we learned to walk, ERETr SALTONSTALL, and, of course, accept ore supply is s'1bject to interruptions by a; single act of sabotage there. all of us were learning those fundamental them for yourself~ as my friendly one-time. Second, the 1Jower project in connection things which democracy is based on. We next-seat neighbor in the United States stumbled upward from our first ideas to Senate. with the seaway will _provide additional sources of cheap and independent power so others, always adding to our knowledge about When WAYNE MORSE for the committee necessary, e"Specially in the case of an an-out the democratic way of life. Sometimes, . ac called me to go, I knew there was no saying mobilization. quiring that knowledge was painful. "No" to such a determinetl man. With a 'I'hird, the seaway will facilitate the trans In the home, we saw how decisions are ar half day of briefing by the interdepart portation of munitions to over.seas bases. rived at by a majority vote, and that even mental committee we were in the air o~ the Moreover, in case of atomic attack, transpor if sometimes we do get stuck because we are way to Alaska 12 hours ahead of schedule. tation could be diverted from one city to in the minority, we have to swallow our pro~ Always sincerely, anot:i.1er. It is realized that the seaway will tests and abide by the wish of the largest FRANK P. GRAHAM, be closed for months every year because of number of people, if we want others to re Chairman of the Conference. ice conditions but that is equally true of spect our voice. You see, we first learn tol erance of views opposite ours when we come THE ST. LAWRENCE SEAWAY-STATE the present Great Lakes transportation route from the Mesabi Range to which all in to recognize the fact that the man who MENT BY GEN. GEORGE C. MARSHALL terested parties have successfully adjusted stands against us is every inch as tall. and Mr. DOUGLAS. Mr. President, on their operations. counts as much, as the man who stands with Fourth, the seaway will afford access to us. '.f'he key phrase in understanding de· February 1, the distinguished senior mocracy then, is understanding and respect Senator from Rhode Island [Mt. GREEN] additional shipbuilding Stnd repairing facili ing the individual. ties always very necessary in time of war for himself and 25 other Senators, intro Pew of us have ever lived in a totalitarian to the maintenance of our supremacy on the duced Senate Joint Resolution 217 to state. But we have all seen the Nazi, and the high seas. Fascist, and the Bolshevist, manifested in authorize the construction of the St. Finally, it .should .increase the capabilities It the emotional attitudes of individuals we Lawrence seaway project. is my pleas of mutual defense between Canada and the have Jtnown in our home, school, and civic ure to be associated with that enter United States. circles. Those are the people who haven't prise as a cosponsor. l have brought with me Mr. Small, Chair learned their social lessons well. T.hey are The House Public Wo-rks Committee man of the Munitions Board, who can ex• immature in essentially the same way that is holding hen.rings at present. '!his p1aln in some detail the industrial mobm communist states .anti Fascist states are im morning the Secretary of Defense, zation aspects of the project. mature. The Fascist you anti. I know is the 'For the record, I want to add that the boy who .overvalues himself and undervalues Marshall, George testified that it is of proje-ct has .had the approval of the Depart his companions, who hasn't yet learned the the utmost importance to the mobtUza ment .oI Defense in the past and tbat I sup awtUl consequences involved. when be trifles tion program to undertake this project ported it before a committee· of Congress with the.rights of others. ·T.he ability to live immediately. General Marshall spo'ke as Secretary of State. democratieally is the big test of an indi both for the Department of Defense and We are still in the fortunate position of vidual's maturity. being able to buy time insofar as thi.3 project . Ever since time imn1emorial, Wise men have the Joint Chiefs of staff. It is iinl>Ol' stressed the word 1ndiviaual. God Himself is -concerned. We have not yet run short tant that Members of Congress promptly has made it pretty clelll' Wllai; He 'thinks of have available the Secretary's Views on of iron ore ln continental United States. the individual. Men .have -talked about His this subject, and T theref.ore ask unani Our :annual supply from the Lake Super.ior importance, and. -now w.e -are 'talking about it mous consent to have printed in the body ~ion is tteclining, however, in a perloti again very loudly "today till $me"times some when our requirements are mountirig of us think that per.haps we have overdone of the RECORl> the brief text of Secretary np1dly. We must have other -sources readUy our eloquence. Yet look wh t has happeneti Marshall's statement. available. lt ls urgent that this project be in countries wbere the tncfiv:idual has been 1951 CONGR~SSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 1425 underplayed. Look at the men who are will LINCOLN, THE MAN OF THE PEOPLE GENERAL EISENHOWER'S EARLIER AP ing to sell individual rights for 0: song about ADDRESS BY HON. CHARLES A. PLUM PEARANCE BEFORE CONGRESS-AR a party. Look behind into the history of ~he LEY TICLE FROM THE ARMY-NAVY-AIR countries, and find out why thos~ men thmk rMr FLANDERS asked and obtained leave FORCE JOURNAL the way they do-study the social ~nd ~c~ nomic conditions which fostered their crimi to' have printed in the RECORD an address [Mr. MARTIN asked and obtained le~ve nal unconcern. entitled "Lincoln, the Man of the People," to have printed in the RECORD an article There are some people who say we are delivered by former Representative Charles entitled "General Eisenhower's Earlier Ap headed toward a totalitarian state. They say A. Plumley at Montpelier, Vt., at a dinner pearance Before Congress," published in the· that democracy, as we know it, will give way given by the Women's Republican Club of Army-Navy-Air Force Journal of February 3, to· socialism, as it exists in England, _then to Washington County, Vt., which appears in 1951, which appears in the Appendix.] the Appendix.] communism, as we see it today in Soviet Rus VANISHING SURPLUSES-EDITORIAL sia. They say that government, an govern ABRAHAM LINCOLN-ADDRESS BY RABBI FROM THE WASHINGTON (PA.) ment, must move in that cycle. Now maybe · NORMAN GERSTENFELD I'm wrong, but it seems to me we learD: from OBSERVER history that only slavery makes anarchlSts of [Mr. WILEY asked and obtained leave to [Mr. MARTIN asked and obtained leave to have printed in the RECORD an address on men, and that anarchists eventually en_sl.ave have printed in the RECORD an editorial themselves. There we see a cycle of political Abraham Lincoln delivered on February 11, entitled "Vanishing Surpluses,'' published in mistakes, one following, of·necessity, on the 1951 by Rabbi Norman Gerstenfeld, of the the Washington (Pa.) Observer of recent Washington Hebrew Congregation, which date, which appears in the Appendix.] wake of the other. But is democracy a P? appears in the Appendix.] litical mistake? Really free people, free m PROPOSED AMENDMENTS TO SELECTIVE the truest sense of the word, freely adher SENATOR LODGE AND LABOR-LETTER TO SERVICE ACT-EDITORIAL COMMENT ing to principle, and therefore free from the THE EDITOR OF THE BOSTON HERALD consequences of license, people like that .can [Mr. JOHNSON of Texas asked and ob never be slaves, and can never be anarchists. [Mr. HENDRICKSON asked and obtained tained leave to have printed in the RECORD leave to have printed in the RECORD a letter So there goes your cycle. . editorials from the Washington News, the to the editor of the Boston Herald from James The leaders of today have said over and Washington Post, the Washington Star, and F. Hughes, past president of the Central the Birmingham Post-Herald, regarding pro over again, that we, the youth o~ America, are Labor Union, A. F. of L., published in the the architects who will inherit the job of posed amendments to the Selective Service Boston Herald of February 14, 1951, which Act, which appear in. the Appendix.] building a better America. Lately we have appears in the Appendix.] · been told that the responsibility of building WAGE-PRICE FIASCO ANOTHER SYMPTOM a better world is ours also to shoulder. So MR. WHERRY'S COURAGE-EDITORIAL OF ANARCHY-ARTICLE BY .RALPH A. now that we know what we're out to build, FROM THE WASHINGTON TIMES.;. LEE let's consider the different ground plans HERALD communism and slavery on the one hand, de [Mr. McCLELLAN asked and obtai~ed mocracy, and freedom on the other., Then, [Mr. LANGER asked and obtain~d l~ave to leave to have printed in the RECORD an article with the tools God has given us, let s make have printed in the RECORD an editorial en entitled "Wage-Price Fiasco Another Symp our world a democracy. titled "Mr. Wherry's Courage,'' published in tom of Anarchy," written by Ralph A. Lee, the Washington Times-Herald of February managing editor of the Southwest Times ADDRESS BY SENATOR SMITH OF NORTH 21, 1951, which appears in the Appendix.) Record, of Fort Smith, Ark., and published CAROLINA AT THE ANNUAL CONVEN DIVIDENDS FROM ~ UN-EDITORIAL in the February 18, 1951, edition of that TION OF THE NORTH CAROLINA FARM FROM THE WASHINGTON TIMES newspaper, which appears in the Appendix.) BUREAU HERALD THE ATLANTIC UNION RESOLUTION- [Mr. HOEY asked and obtained leave to [Mr. LANGER asked and obtained leave to EDITORIAL FROM THE BROOKLYN have printed in the RECORD the address ~e have printed in the RECORD an editorial en EAGLE livered by Senator SMITH of North Carolina titled "Dividends From UN," published in at the annual convention of the North Caro [Mr. KEFAUVER asked and obtained leave the Washington Times-Herald of February to have printed in the RECORD an editorial lina Farm Bureau in Asheville, N. C., on 21, 1951, which appears in the Appendix.] February 14, 1951, which appears in the. regarding the Atlantic Union resolution pub Appendix.] REV. MARTIN NIEMOELLER'S ·OPPOSITION lished in the January 18, 1951, issue of the TO REARMAMENT OF GERMANY-EDI Brooklyn Eagfo, which appears in the Ap LINCOLN DAY ADDRESS BY pendix.] SENATOR DUFF TORIAL FROM THE WASHINGTON POST_ RENEGOTIATION ACT OF 1951 [Mr. LODGE asked and obtained leave to [Mr. LANGER asked and obtained leave to have printed in the RECORD an editorial en have printed in the RECORD the Lincoln Day The Senate resumed the consider~tion dinner address delivered by Senator DUFF at titled "Niemoeller's Visit," published in the R. Washington Post of February 21, 1951, which of the bill