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Religiosity, Secularity and Pluralism in the Global East Religiosity, Secularity and Pluralism in the Global East Edited by Fenggang Yang, Francis Jae-ryong Song and Sakurai Yoshihide Printed Edition of the Special Issue Published in Religions www.mdpi.com/journal/religions Religiosity, Secularity and Pluralism in the Global East Religiosity, Secularity and Pluralism in the Global East Special Issue Editors Fenggang YANG Francis Jae-ryong Song SAKURAI Yoshihide MDPI • Basel • Beijing • Wuhan • Barcelona • Belgrade Special Issue Editors Fenggang YANG Francis Jae-ryong Song SAKURAI Yoshihide Purdue University Kyung Hee University Hokkaido University USA Korea Japan Editorial Office MDPI St. Alban-Anlage 66 4052 Basel, Switzerland This is a reprint of articles from the Special Issue published online in the open access journal Religions (ISSN 2077-1444) from 2018 to 2019 (available at: https://www.mdpi.com/journal/religions/special issues/east) For citation purposes, cite each article independently as indicated on the article page online and as indicated below: LastName, A.A.; LastName, B.B.; LastName, C.C. Article Title. Journal Name Year, Article Number, Page Range. ISBN 978-3-03897-808-4 (Pbk) ISBN 978-3-03897-809-1 (PDF) c 2019 by the authors. Articles in this book are Open Access and distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license, which allows users to download, copy and build upon published articles, as long as the author and publisher are properly credited, which ensures maximum dissemination and a wider impact of our publications. The book as a whole is distributed by MDPI under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons license CC BY-NC-ND. Contents About the Special Issue Editors ..................................... vii Preface to ”Religiosity, Secularity and Pluralism in the Global East” ............... ix Fenggang Yang Religion in the Global East: Challenges and Opportunities for the Social Scientific Study of Religion Reprinted from: Religions 2018, 9, 305, doi:10.3390/rel9100305 .................... 1 Grace Davie Thinking Theoretically about Religiosity, Secularity and Pluralism in the Global East Reprinted from: Religions 2018, 9, 337, doi:10.3390/rel9110337 .................... 11 Jos´e Casanova Locating Religion and Secularity in East Asia Through Global Processes: Early Modern Jesuit Religious Encounters Reprinted from: Religions 2018, 9, 349, doi:10.3390/rel9110349 .................... 24 Daan F. Oostveen Religious Belonging in the East Asian Context: An Exploration of Rhizomatic Belonging Reprinted from: Religions 2019, 10, 182, doi:10.3390/rel10030182 ................... 36 Ka Shing Ng A New Home for New Immigrants? A Case Study of the Role of Soka Gakkai in the Integration of Japanese and Mainland Chinese Immigrants in Hong Kong Reprinted from: Religions 2018, 9, 336, doi:10.3390/rel9110336 .................... 46 Kwang Suk Yoo Expansion of Religious Pluralism in Korean Civil Society: A Case Study of Conscientious Objection in South Korea Reprinted from: Religions 2018, 9, 326, doi:10.3390/rel9110326 .................... 65 Seung Min Hong Exegetical Resistance: The Bible and Protestant Critical Insiders in South Korea Reprinted from: Religions 2018, 9, 301, doi:10.3390/rel9100301 .................... 76 Miao Li, Yun Lu and Fenggang Yang Shaping the Religiosity of Chinese University Students: Science Education and Political Indoctrination Reprinted from: Religions 2018, 9, 309, doi:10.3390/rel9100309 .................... 88 Wei Mo The Gendered Space of the “Oriental Vatican”—Zi-ka-wei, the French Jesuits and the Evolution of Papal Diplomacy Reprinted from: Religions 2018, 9, 278, doi:10.3390/rel9090278 ....................100 Shirley Lung Geopolitics and Identity-Making in US Diasporic Chinese Churches Reprinted from: Religions 2019, 10, 9, doi:10.3390/rel10010009 ....................113 v Jens Reinke Sacred Secularities: Ritual and Social Engagement in a Global Buddhist China Reprinted from: Religions 2018, 9, 338, doi:10.3390/rel9110338 ....................134 vi About the Special Issue Editors Fenggang YANG is Professor of Sociology, the founding Director of the Center on Religion and Chinese Society at Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana. He is the founding Editor of the Review of Religion and Chinese Society. He has been elected and served as the President of the Society for the Scientific Study of Religion (2014-15) and the first President of the East Asian Society for the Scientific Study of Religion (2018-2020). His research focuses on the sociology of religion, religious change in China and immigrant religion in the United States. He is the author of Atlas of Religion in China: Social and Geographical Contexts (2018), Religion in China: Survival and Revival under Communist Rule (2012), and Chinese Christians in America: Conversion, Assimilation, and Adhesive Identities (1999), and the co-editor of more than ten books. Among his numerous journal articles, two won distinguished article awards. He has given many invited lectures and keynote presentations at major universities and professional associations in the US, Asia and Europe. His media interviews have appeared on National Public Radio, New York Times, Washington Post, Los Angeles Times, USA Today, Time, Economist, CNN, BBC, etc. Francis Jae-ryong Song is Professor of Sociology Department and former Dean of Graduate School, Kyung Hee University. He is Director of the Institute for Religion and Civic Culture at Kyung Hee University. He is past Chairman of the Korean Association for Sociology of Religion. Dr. Song received his Msc and Ph.D. from the Department of Sociology, University of Bristol, UK. His research interests lie with a liberal communitarian view in such areas as culture, religion, ethics and knowledge. He is the author of Religion and Social Progress (co-authored in Korean); Communitarianism in the Postmodern Culture (sole-authored in Korean). He has recently published translations of books including Religion in China (Fenggang Yang), Varieties of Religion Today (Charles Taylor) and On Secularization (David Martin). His recent presentations include, “The Cultural Habits of the Heart of Confucianism and Christianity: Focused on ’Transcendental Horizon’ of Zuo Guangdou’s and Thomas More’s Religious Life” (2017 EASSSR Conference, Hong Kong Baptist University); “Development of a Korean model of religiosity measurement based on Korean religious experiences and values”, (2017 ISSR Conference, University of Lausanne, Switzerland). SAKURAI Yoshihide is a professor of sociology at the Graduate School of Letters, Hokkaido University, Japan. He obtained his Ph.D. in Development Studies of Thailand at Hokkaido University and has published more than twenty books (in Japanese) about contemporary religion in Korea, China and Japan. One of his English papers is included in the Hokkaido University Collection of Academic Papers : http://eprints.lib.hokudai.ac.jp/dspace/index.jsp?locale=en. He has been executive board members of several academic associations such as the Japanese Association for the Study of Religion and Society (President from June 2009 to 2011; Chief Editor, Religion and Society from 2014 to 2016), the Hokkaido Sociological Association (President from July 2011 to June 2013), Japanese Association for Religious Studies, The Japanese Society for Thai Studies, The Japanese and Chinese Society for Sociology, RC22 of ISA, ISSR, and EASSSR. vii Preface to ”Religiosity, Secularity and Pluralism in the Global East” This special issue of Religions is part of the fruits of the Inaugural Conference of the East Asian Society for the Scientific Study of Religion (EASSSR), which was held at the Singapore Management University on July 3–5, 2018. The theme, ”Religiosity, Secularity and Pluralism in the Global East,” is well articulated in these two paragraphs of the Call for Papers: East Asia is felt throughout the world. Whilst the region’s economic and political power has been a reason for both global integration and resistance in recent decades, its presence within the rest of the world has been forged over centuries of migration and the establishment and strengthening of diasporic communities. Such communities have helped to shape the societies and cultures of their host countries, of their home countries, and, through such interplay, of the diasporas themselves. To unify these constituent parts (host country, home country, diasporic community), and to represent both the expansion of East Asian influence around the world, and its reflexive relationship with the places in which it has taken root, Yang Fenggang’s concept of the “Global East” has been most helpful. The Global East encompasses not just the countries of East Asia—China, Korea and Japan—but these countries’ diasporic communities, and the transnational linkages that serve to connect and shape both country and community as well. Additionally, East Asia is also host to diasporic communities of its own, which adds another layer of connectivity and influence to the framing of the Global East. The effects of the Global East are felt in many walks of life, but one of the most transformative has to be religion. The religious landscapes of China, Korea, and Japan (including but not limited to state-sponsored atheism, shamanism, Shintoism, resurgent Buddhism/Christianity) are replicated and challenged in their diasporic communities, which, over time, have been shaped by the religious traditions of Southeast Asia, Europe, North America, and beyond. For the diasporic communities located within East Asia, the reverse is also
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