The Swiss Confederation a Brief Guide
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Raiders of the Lost Ark
Swiss American Historical Society Review Volume 56 Number 1 Article 12 2020 Full Issue Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/sahs_review Part of the European History Commons, and the European Languages and Societies Commons Recommended Citation (2020) "Full Issue," Swiss American Historical Society Review: Vol. 56 : No. 1 , Article 12. Available at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/sahs_review/vol56/iss1/12 This Full Issue is brought to you for free and open access by BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Swiss American Historical Society Review by an authorized editor of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. et al.: Full Issue Swiss A1nerican Historical Society REVIEW Volu1ne 56, No. 1 February 2020 Published by BYU ScholarsArchive, 2020 1 Swiss American Historical Society Review, Vol. 56 [2020], No. 1, Art. 12 SAHS REVIEW Volume 56, Number 1 February 2020 C O N T E N T S I. Articles Ernest Brog: Bringing Swiss Cheese to Star Valley, Wyoming . 1 Alexandra Carlile, Adam Callister, and Quinn Galbraith The History of a Cemetery: An Italian Swiss Cultural Essay . 13 Plinio Martini and translated by Richard Hacken Raiders of the Lost Ark . 21 Dwight Page Militant Switzerland vs. Switzerland, Island of Peace . 41 Alex Winiger Niklaus Leuenberger: Predating Gandhi in 1653? Concerning the Vindication of the Insurgents in the Swiss Peasant War . 64 Hans Leuenberger Canton Ticino and the Italian Swiss Immigration to California . 94 Tony Quinn A History of the Swiss in California . 115 Richard Hacken II. Reports Fifty-Sixth SAHS Annual Meeting Reports . -
Security & Defence European
a 7.90 D 14974 E D European & Security ES & Defence 6/2019 International Security and Defence Journal COUNTRY FOCUS: AUSTRIA ISSN 1617-7983 • Heavy Lift Helicopters • Russian Nuclear Strategy • UAS for Reconnaissance and • NATO Military Engineering CoE Surveillance www.euro-sd.com • Airborne Early Warning • • Royal Norwegian Navy • Brazilian Army • UAS Detection • Cockpit Technology • Swiss “Air2030” Programme Developments • CBRN Decontamination June 2019 • CASEVAC/MEDEVAC Aircraft • Serbian Defence Exports Politics · Armed Forces · Procurement · Technology ANYTHING. In operations, the Eurofighter Typhoon is the proven choice of Air Forces. Unparalleled reliability and a continuous capability evolution across all domains mean that the Eurofighter Typhoon will play a vital role for decades to come. Air dominance. We make it fly. airbus.com Editorial Europe Needs More Pragmatism The elections to the European Parliament in May were beset with more paradoxes than they have ever been. The strongest party which will take its seats in the plenary chambers in Brus- sels (and, as an expensive anachronism, also in Strasbourg), albeit only for a brief period, is the Brexit Party, with 29 seats, whose programme is implicit in their name. Although EU institutions across the entire continent are challenged in terms of their public acceptance, in many countries the election has been fought with a very great deal of emotion, as if the day of reckoning is dawning, on which decisions will be All or Nothing. Some have raised concerns about the prosperous “European Project”, which they see as in dire need of rescue from malevolent sceptics. Others have painted an image of the decline of the West, which would inevitably come about if Brussels were to be allowed to continue on its present course. -
Swiss Legal History in a (Very Small) Nutshell
Faculty of Law Swiss Legal History in a (very small) Nutshell Introduction into Swiss Law Andreas Thier 11/26/20 Page 1 Faculty of Law Introduction • Three elements in particular defining for present Swiss Legal Culture - Plurality - Cantons and cantonal legal cultures (with tendency towards more or less three regions: Western, Eastern, and Southern region) - Legal traditions and their impact (Roman and common law, Austrian, French, and German law, ecclesiastical law) - Coordination and Mediation of plurality - Swiss nation as Willensnation (“nation of consensus about being a nation even though there are different cultures existing”) - Strong presence of popular sovereignty as means to bring an end to open political conflicts - Legal rules as media and result of these coordinative and mediating efforts - Presence of international legal order (as opposition or openness) 11/26/20 Andreas Thier Page 2 Faculty of Law Introduction (2) • These elements developed in the course of Swiss confederate (legal) history and shall be discussed here • Two larger periods - Old confederacy (13th/14th century-1798) - Emergence and rise of modern constitutional statehood and, since late 19th century, modern welfare state (with strong inclination to self- regulation) • Following section along these periodization - Old confederacy with importance of covenants as means of autonomous rule making, together with customary and partially also decrees, issued in a top-down mode - Modern state with importance of constitutions, codifications and unity in the application -
ADF = Air Defence
PARTNERSHIP WORK PROGRAMME – SPECIFIC ACTIVITIES FOR 2004 ADF = Air Defence ACO.2728 Ground Based Air Defence (GBAD) Planning Seminar Proposed by: JFC HQ Brunssum AOC: ADF Topic: GBAD mission planning to include employment principles, joint doctrine, C2 interoperability, point defence, area defence and cluster concept. Discuss procedures used in developing the commanders air defence policies. Terrain analysis. Events Action Authority Type Date Location 30 Aug 2004 - 10 Sept ACO.2728.24 CC-Air HQ Ramst Seminar Halmstad , AIR/RAMSTEIN 2004 ACO.2960 P-3-06 Ground Based Air Defence Course (C-06) Proposed by: SHAPE AOC: ADF Topic: Ground Based Air Defence Course for PfP Events Action Authority Type Date Location ACO.2960.5 NS(S) Course 9 Feb 2004 - 13 Feb 2004 Oberammergau , NS(S) ACO.3009 PfP Cross - Servicing Training Proposed by: JFC HQ Brunssum AOC: ADF Topic: Information about NATO's concept of cross-service aircraft, including re-arming and hands-on training. Events Action Authority Type Date Location ACO.3009.2 CC-Air HQ Ramst Training 9 Jun 2004, 1 day AIRNORTH IS/DI.932 NADC Plenary Proposed by: NADC AOC: ADF Topic: Enlarged Plenary Session of the NATO Air Defence Committee Events Action Authority Type Date Location IS/DI.932.15 IS/DI Meeting 2nd Qtr 2004, 2 days IS/DI.932.16 IS/DI Meeting 4th Qtr 2004, 2 days IS/DI.1155 NADC Seminar Proposed by: NADC AOC: ADF Topic: Seminar on Air Defence topic Events Action Authority Type Date Location IS/DI.1155.11 IS/DI Seminar TBD 2004, 1 day IS/DI.1155.12 IS/DI Seminar TBD 2004, 1 day IS/DI.1191 -
An Den Gesamtbundesrat
Offener Brief an den Bundesrat An den Gesamtbundesrat - Frau Bundespräsidentin Simonetta Sommaruga - Frau Bundesrätin Viola Amherd - Herr Bundesrat Alain Berset - Herr Bundesrat Ignazio Cassis - Frau Bundesrätin Karin Keller-Sutter - Herr Bundesrat Ueli Maurer - Herr Bundesrat Guy Parmelin Galgenen, 17. April 2020 «Corona-Pandemie»: imagingswiss – der Fotoverband fordert die Öffnung des KMU-Detailhandels Sehr geehrte Damen und Herren, Bundesrätinnen und Bundesräte imagingswiss – der Fotoverband hat die am 16. April vom Bundesrat vorgestellten «Exit»-Pläne zur Kenntnis genommen. Auch wenn unser Verband die an die epidemiologische Lage angepasste Öffnung begrüsst, sind für ihn die Entscheide betreffend dem Detailhandel inakzeptabel. Genauso wie der Bundesrat, setzt auch imagingswiss – der Fotoverband auf eine etappierte Rückkehr zur Normalität. Diese Etappierung muss in Funktion der gesundheitspolitischen Indikatoren erfolgen. Diese Indikatoren entwickeln sich sehr zufriedenstellend. Der 3-Tages-Durchschnitt der Ansteckungsrate betrug per 16. April 1.5 Prozent pro Tag, die Anzahl Tage bis zur Fallverdopplung 49.3. Diese Indikatoren erlauben eine weitgehende Öffnung der Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft. Dieses Urteil scheint auch der Bundesrat zu teilen, ansonsten würde er den «Betrieben mit personenbezogenen Dienstleistungen mit Körperkontakt» keine Öffnungserlaubnis geben. Der Entscheid des Bundesrates ist ein Schlag ins Gesicht des KMU-Detailhandels. Vor allem die eklatante Ungleichbehandlung innerhalb des Detailhandels selbst – der KMU-Detailhandel bleibt geschlossen aber die Grossverteiler dürfen das gesamte Sortiment verkaufen – stösst bei uns und bei den Mitgliedern von imagingswiss – der Fotoverband auf Unverständnis. Die Enttäuschung und Fassungslosigkeit des KMU-Detailhandels sind spürbar. Denn: Gerade diese KMU haben mit selbst erarbeiteten Plänen gezeigt, wie sie die Öffnung gesundheitspolitisch korrekt umsetzen können. Sie legen dabei grossen Wert auf die Gesundheit der Mitarbeitenden sowie der Kundinnen und Kunden. -
The Parliament Building. a View of an Ideal Switzerland
Parlament_Buch_20.6.12 Status: Entwurf_für Promacx The Parliament Building. A view of an ideal Switzerland. 12 93 Englisch.inddParl_Buch_12_07_pmx.indd 2-3 12 20.07.12 11:35 Parl_Buch_12_07_pmx.indd 93 05.09.1220.07.12 08:3311:41 Parlament_Buch_20.6.12 Status: Entwurf_für Promacx The Swiss Parliament Building has dominated Bern’s skyline for veys by the renowned General Dufour. This was the geographic more than a century, and despite the passage of time, continues vision of Switzerland at a time when Hans Auer designed our Par- to attract visitors in increasing numbers. Every year, more than liament Building. one hundred thousand visitors come to discover the secrets of The architect Hans Auer dreamt of giving shape to an eternal the Federal Assembly, perhaps hoping to see members of parlia- Switzerland. With the help of the best Swiss craftsmen and artists, ment. Foreign tourists and Swiss nationals are impressed by the he carved a monumental and captivating allegory of the Swiss successful combination of original architecture, inspired by the state in granite, marble, serpentine and molasse from the differ- Florentine Renaissance, and the decidedly contemporary design ent regions of Switzerland. of the structures completed in 2008. The latest renovation to the building attempted to reflect the builder’s original vision. The sun shines through the glass roofing Crowned by Helvetia and colossal stained-glass windows on the third floor, reaching With eleven window bays on each of the three storeys, arched the heart of the building. The members of parliament can now openings, paired windows and an attic concealing the roof struc- contemplate from their work area the six monumental sculptures ture, the imposing front facade of the Parliament Building has symbolising the Swiss people that overlook the south facade. -
GRINDELWALDGASTRONOMIE NATUR HANDWERK 100 JAHRE KULTUR Hotelier Verein Berner Oberland
BERNER OBERLAND Sommer 2017 DAS MAGAZIN LAND UND LEUTE Berner Oberland – DAS MAGAZIN | SOMMER 2017, CHF 9.50 SOMMER 2017, Das Unspunnenfest La fête d'Unspunnen The Unspunnen-Festival Ab Ab Ab Ab Fr. 10’690.-* Fr. 12’490.-* Fr. 17’090.-* Fr. 18’890.-* Jetzt inklusive 5 Jahre Ford Protect Garantie. FOKUS * Angebote gültig nur für gewerbliche Kunden mit Handelsregistereintrag und bei teilnehmenden Ford Händlern bis auf Widerruf, spätestens bis 30.6.2017. TOURISMUS GRINDELWALDGASTRONOMIE NATUR HANDWERK 100 JAHRE KULTUR Hotelier Verein Berner Oberland RZ_Schönegg-Garage_Transit_Palette_225x305_RA_4f_KD.indd 1 27.04.17 13:11 Ab 9.7.2017 2-Stunden-Takt nach Domodossola Wanderung von der Bergstation der Triftbahn zur spektakulären Triftbrücke. Grimselwelt Alpiner Genuss DIE GRIMSELWELT IST EIN ENGAGEMENT DER KWO, KRAF TWERKE OBERHASLI AG In der Tiefe des Berges zeigen wir Ihnen, wie aus Über 200 Ausflugsziele im Berner ie Grimselwelt steht für Ferien- und Erlebniswelt, mitten in der Natur als der Kraft des Wassers Strom produziert wird. Dpure Energie-Quelle. Sie finden alles, was Ihr Herz begehrt: Historische ZIMMER · FÜHRUNGEN · BAHNEN Oberland, Oberwallis und Piemont Gebäude mit gepflegter Gastronomie, steile Bergbahnen, schwankende Hängebrücken und gut ausgebaute Wanderwege. Sei es die Überquerung jetzt bls.ch/loetschberger der Triftbrücke, eine Führung durch das Labyrinth der Kraftwerksstollen ONLINE buchen oder eine abenteuerliche Fahrt mit der Gelmerbahn – Die Grimselwelt ist BUCHBAR auf jeden Fall ein alpiner Genuss und ideal um Energie zu tanken. Weitere informationen auf www.grimselwelt.ch · [email protected] BERNER OBERLAND Sommer 2017 INHALT DAS MAGAZIN LAND UND LEUTE Berner Oberland – DAS MAGAZIN | SOMMER 2017, CHF 9.50 SOMMER 2017, Das Unspunnenfest La fête d'Unspunnen The Unspunnen-Festival Ab Ab Ab Ab Fr. -
Local and Regional Democracy in Switzerland
33 SESSION Report CG33(2017)14final 20 October 2017 Local and regional democracy in Switzerland Monitoring Committee Rapporteurs:1 Marc COOLS, Belgium (L, ILDG) Dorin CHIRTOACA, Republic of Moldova (R, EPP/CCE) Recommendation 407 (2017) .................................................................................................................2 Explanatory memorandum .....................................................................................................................5 Summary This particularly positive report is based on the second monitoring visit to Switzerland since the country ratified the European Charter of Local Self-Government in 2005. It shows that municipal self- government is particularly deeply rooted in Switzerland. All municipalities possess a wide range of powers and responsibilities and substantial rights of self-government. The financial situation of Swiss municipalities appears generally healthy, with a relatively low debt ratio. Direct-democracy procedures are highly developed at all levels of governance. Furthermore, the rapporteurs very much welcome the Swiss parliament’s decision to authorise the ratification of the Additional Protocol to the European Charter of Local Self-Government on the right to participate in the affairs of a local authority. The report draws attention to the need for improved direct involvement of municipalities, especially the large cities, in decision-making procedures and with regard to the question of the sustainability of resources in connection with the needs of municipalities to enable them to discharge their growing responsibilities. Finally, it highlights the importance of determining, through legislation, a framework and arrangements regarding financing for the city of Bern, taking due account of its specific situation. The Congress encourages the authorities to guarantee that the administrative bodies belonging to intermunicipal structures are made up of a minimum percentage of directly elected representatives so as to safeguard their democratic nature. -
Current Concerns
10 January 2018 No 1 ISSN 1664-7963 Current Concerns PO Box CH-8044 Zurich Current Concerns Switzerland The international journal for independent thought, ethical standards, moral responsibility, Phone: +41 44 350 65 50 Fax: +41 44 350 65 51 and for the promotion and respect of public international law, human rights and humanitarian law E-Mail: [email protected] Website: www.currentconcerns.ch English Edition of Zeit-Fragen “There is a great aspiration for peace and justice” The Independent Expert of the United Nations visited Venezuela by Prof Dr iur. et phil. Alfred-Maurice de Zayas* As the first Inde- eral Assembly, all covering issues of in- Tasks and work pendent Expert on ternational order including tax havens, of the Independent Expert the promotion of a investor-state-dispute settlement, bilateral The function of rapporteurs and independ- democratic and eq- investment treaties, free trade agreements, ent experts is to ask questions, listen to all uitable internation- World Bank projects, the International stakeholders, evaluate documents, and al order, I have had Monetary Fund and its loan conditional- issue constructive recommendations to the opportunity of ities, disarmament for development, the States. We come in order to help popula- defining the man- self-determination of peoples and the re- tions better realize their human rights. In date and the meth- form of the Security Council. The object order to do so, we try to convince govern- odology. I have pro- and purpose of my mandate is laid down ments that it is in their own interest to co- Alfred-Maurice duced six reports for in Resolution 18/6 of the Human Rights operate with the United Nations, and we de Zayas the Human Rights Council, and the parameters of my visit offer them our advisory services and tech- (picture ma) Council and six re- are described in a media statement issued nical assistance. -
Technical Secretariat
OPCW Technical Secretariat S/1666/2018 29 August 2018 ENGLISH only NOTE BY THE DIRECTOR-GENERAL STATUS OF THE LABORATORIES DESIGNATED FOR AUTHENTIC ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLE ANALYSIS 1. The Conference of the States Parties (hereinafter “the Conference”) at its First Session established the conditions under which laboratories may seek designation (C-I/DEC.60, C-I/DEC.61, C-I/DEC.62, and C-I/DEC.65, all dated 22 May 1997), and at its Fifth Session (C-V/6, dated 19 May 2000) mandated the Executive Council (hereinafter “the Council”) to take a decision regarding guidelines on the designation of laboratories for the analysis of authentic samples. The Council took this decision at its Twentieth Session (EC-XX/DEC.3, dated 28 June 2000). Additional guidelines on the designation of laboratories for the analysis of authentic samples were adopted by the Conference at its Twentieth Session (C-20/DEC.4, dated 2 December 2015). 2. When designating laboratories for the analysis of authentic samples, and in accordance with C-I/DEC.61 and C-I/DEC.65, the Director-General takes the following into account: (a) whether the laboratory has established a quality system in accordance with the standards (ISO/IEC 17025:2005 or equivalent) and has valid accreditation by an internationally recognised accreditation body for the tasks for which it is seeking designation—namely, for the analysis of chemical warfare agents and related compounds in various types of samples; and (b) whether the laboratory has performed successfully in the proficiency testing programme of the OPCW. 3. A laboratory must participate in the proficiency testing programme at least once per calendar year unless the additional guidelines in C-20/DEC.4 are applicable. -
2021 the Swiss Confederation a Brief Guide
The Swiss Confederation 2021 a brief guide Get the app! CH info The R iver Aare mean ders it s way It is ov th erlooked by t roug he h Federa Be l Pal rn. ace, the hea rt of S w iss po lit ica l li fe . Preface “Democratic proce- Dear Reader Political developments in recent years show that not every dures take longer, but country has to remain democratic just because it once was. In fact, democratic processes are increasingly being called provide more stability into question because they allegedly produce ‘the wrong outcome’. Reference is made to lower COVID-19 case num- and engender greater bers in authoritarian states or to higher economic growth rates. Some peevishly ask whether the urgent problems of acceptance in the long today can ever be resolved through lengthy democratic term.” procedures and compromises. Federal Chancellor Walter Thurnherr Those who argue in this way have not understood the es- sence of democracy. There are countries where the govern- ment controls the people. And there are countries where the people control the government. Democracies fall under the second category. It is true that even authoritarian regimes sometimes make decisions that are supported by the majority. But there are no rules defining how the majority can overturn decisions if they no longer agree with them. Democratic procedures take longer, but over the years, they provide more stability and engender greater acceptance. Those who want to preserve democracy respect the institu- tions, the independence of the courts, the competences of the different powers and the fundamental values of the con- stitution. -
Conference of the States Parties
OPCW Conference of the States Parties Eighth Session C-8/5 20 – 24 October 2003 22 October 2003 Original: ENGLISH REPORT OF THE OPCW ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE CONVENTION ON THE PROHIBITION OF THE DEVELOPMENT, PRODUCTION, STOCKPILING AND USE OF CHEMICAL WEAPONS AND ON THEIR DESTRUCTION IN 2002 CS-2003-3659(E) distributed 11/11/2003 *CS-2003-3659.E* C-8/5 page ii (blank page) C-8/5 page iii TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW .................................................................... 1 1. POLICY-MAKING ORGANS ................................................................................. 3 MEMBERSHIP IN THE ORGANISATION............................................................................ 3 ACTIVITIES OF THE CONFERENCE OF THE STATES PARTIES........................................... 3 ACTIVITIES OF THE EXECUTIVE COUNCIL ..................................................................... 4 SUBSIDIARY BODIES OF THE CONFERENCE AND THE COUNCIL ..................................... 5 2. VERIFICATION ACTIVITIES............................................................................... 6 CHEMICAL DEMILITARISATION.................................................................................... 10 OVERVIEW OF INSPECTION ACTIVITIES....................................................................... 12 TECHNICAL SUPPORT FOR VERIFICATION ACTIVITIES................................................. 15 3. INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION, ASSISTANCE, PROTECTION, AND IMPLEMENTATION SUPPORT...............................................................