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13 Anlage 7 Paris LSC Viewlist Fuer Ferne Länder in 3-D. Die stereoskopische Reisefotografi e von William England (ca. 1830–1896) Dissertation zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades der Philosophie der Fakultät für Geisteswissenschaften der Universität Hamburg vorgelegt von Gerlind-Anicia Lorch 2016 Hamburg Textteil Erstgutachterin: Prof. Dr. Gabriele Betancourt Nuñez Zweitgutachterin: Prof. Dr. Margit Kern Tag der mdl. Prüfung: 28.03.2017 Inhaltsverzeichnis Vorwort ..........................................................................................................................1 Danksagungen.....................................................................................................................1 Einleitung........................................................................................................................4 Thematische Eingrenzung und Fragestellungen..........................................................................4 Quellenlage und Forschungsstand............................................................................................6 Konzept und methodisches Vorgehen......................................................................................10 William England – biograische Übersicht....................................................................12 Familienunternehmen: William England und die England Brothers...............................................18 Fotograisches Werk ...........................................................................................................20 William England, die London Stereoscopic Company und der stereo craze................23 Die London Stereoscopic Company ......................................................................................23 William England und die London Stereoscopic Company...........................................................27 Marketing und Vertrieb von William Englands Fotograien................................................32 Anpassen des Sortiments......................................................................................................33 Verzicht auf Werbemaßnahmen.............................................................................................34 Der stereo craze.............................................................................................................36 Stereofotograie und Reisen im 19. Jahrhundert..................................................................43 Funktionen von stereoskopischer Reisefotograie......................................................................43 Zum Hintergrund: Reisen im 19. Jahrhundert...........................................................................46 Reiseliteratur im 19. Jahrhundert...........................................................................................50 Reisende Fotografen, fotograierende Touristen – Reisefotograie im 19. Jahrhundert......................53 Zwischenergebnis...............................................................................................................57 Die Neue Welt in 3-D – William Englands Nordamerika-Reise...................................59 Einleitung.........................................................................................................................59 Das fotograische Material – Negative, sample books und Stereokarten...............................60 Der Bestand im Hulton Archive.............................................................................................60 Die Stereokarten.................................................................................................................61 Autor und Entstehungszeitraum.............................................................................................63 Zwischenergebnis...............................................................................................................67 Reiseroute, Literatur und Reisevorbereitung.......................................................................67 Die ersten in Europa erhältlichen Stereoaufnahmen der Neuen Welt....................................71 Die royal tour des Prince of Wales als Verkaufsargument....................................................72 Stadt – Land – Fluss: William Englands Bild(er) von Nordamerika......................................75 Stadt: Die Metropole als Organismus......................................................................................75 Zwischenergebnis...............................................................................................................81 Land und Fluss: Die wilde Natur im Fokus. .............................................................................82 Zum Hintergrund: Die Hudson River School............................................................................85 Beispiel: Die Catskill Mountains............................................................................................87 William England und die Hudson River School..................................................................90 Die Niagarafälle – Idealmotiv für Stereofotografen?...........................................................92 Die künstlerische und touristische Erschließung der Niagarafälle .................................................93 Die Niagarafälle bei William England und anderen Fotografen...................................................101 Zwischenergebnis..............................................................................................................105 Die Neue Welt: Industrialisierung, Technisierung und Bezwingung der Natur...............................105 Die Bezwingung des Flusses...............................................................................................106 Eisenbahnen und Brücken...................................................................................................106 Die Niagara Suspension Bridge...........................................................................................108 Eisenbahnen.....................................................................................................................111 Die Bedeutung des Begleittextes......................................................................................114 Zusammenfassung.............................................................................................................117 Eine Stadt im Wandel – William Englands Stereofotograien von Paris (ca. 1861).... 120 Das fotograische Material – Negative, sample books und Stereokarten ..............................120 Fotograf und Entstehungsjahr..........................................................................................122 Paris 1861 – zum zeit- und tourismusgeschichtlichen Hintergrund.....................................125 Vues instantanées – die Visualisierung und Fixierung des Augenblicks...............................131 William Englands instantaneous views von Paris.....................................................................134 Dynamik und Stillstand. Fotograie versus Malerei..................................................................137 Rückblick: Der scheinbar leere Boulevard..............................................................................139 William England entwickelt den focal plane shutter.................................................................144 An der Schnittstelle zwischen Privatheit und Öffentlichkeit. William England – ein Pionier der street photography?............................................................................................................146 Zwischenergebnis..............................................................................................................151 Erzählstrukturen innerhalb der Paris-Serie........................................................................152 a) Scheinbare Objektivität und zufällige Narrativität................................................................152 b) Bewusste Narrativität am Beispiel der Reihe zum Bois de Boulogne.......................................156 „Paris, as it Was and Is.“ – William Englands Bild(er) der Metropole.................................162 Weitere Stereofotografen in Paris..........................................................................................166 Zusammenfassung.............................................................................................................168 William England – ein Rheinromantiker? Die Serie „Views of the Rhine and its Vicinity“ (ca. 1867/68)................................................................................................170 Das fotograische Material..............................................................................................170 Entstehungsjahr..............................................................................................................171 Besonderheit: keine instantaneous views..........................................................................175 Eine Rheinreise im Jahr 1867/68 – zum zeit- und tourismusgeschichtlichen Hintergrund....177 Vom Durchgangsland zum Reiseziel.....................................................................................177 Reiseliteratur für das Rheinland............................................................................................180 Zum Hintergrund: Die Rheinromantik in Literatur und Kunst....................................................182 Englische Künstler am Rhein...............................................................................................185
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