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Women in the United States Congress: 1917-2012
Women in the United States Congress: 1917-2012 Jennifer E. Manning Information Research Specialist Colleen J. Shogan Deputy Director and Senior Specialist November 26, 2012 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov RL30261 CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress Women in the United States Congress: 1917-2012 Summary Ninety-four women currently serve in the 112th Congress: 77 in the House (53 Democrats and 24 Republicans) and 17 in the Senate (12 Democrats and 5 Republicans). Ninety-two women were initially sworn in to the 112th Congress, two women Democratic House Members have since resigned, and four others have been elected. This number (94) is lower than the record number of 95 women who were initially elected to the 111th Congress. The first woman elected to Congress was Representative Jeannette Rankin (R-MT, 1917-1919, 1941-1943). The first woman to serve in the Senate was Rebecca Latimer Felton (D-GA). She was appointed in 1922 and served for only one day. A total of 278 women have served in Congress, 178 Democrats and 100 Republicans. Of these women, 239 (153 Democrats, 86 Republicans) have served only in the House of Representatives; 31 (19 Democrats, 12 Republicans) have served only in the Senate; and 8 (6 Democrats, 2 Republicans) have served in both houses. These figures include one non-voting Delegate each from Guam, Hawaii, the District of Columbia, and the U.S. Virgin Islands. Currently serving Senator Barbara Mikulski (D-MD) holds the record for length of service by a woman in Congress with 35 years (10 of which were spent in the House). -
Appendix File Anes 1988‐1992 Merged Senate File
Version 03 Codebook ‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐ CODEBOOK APPENDIX FILE ANES 1988‐1992 MERGED SENATE FILE USER NOTE: Much of his file has been converted to electronic format via OCR scanning. As a result, the user is advised that some errors in character recognition may have resulted within the text. MASTER CODES: The following master codes follow in this order: PARTY‐CANDIDATE MASTER CODE CAMPAIGN ISSUES MASTER CODES CONGRESSIONAL LEADERSHIP CODE ELECTIVE OFFICE CODE RELIGIOUS PREFERENCE MASTER CODE SENATOR NAMES CODES CAMPAIGN MANAGERS AND POLLSTERS CAMPAIGN CONTENT CODES HOUSE CANDIDATES CANDIDATE CODES >> VII. MASTER CODES ‐ Survey Variables >> VII.A. Party/Candidate ('Likes/Dislikes') ? PARTY‐CANDIDATE MASTER CODE PARTY ONLY ‐‐ PEOPLE WITHIN PARTY 0001 Johnson 0002 Kennedy, John; JFK 0003 Kennedy, Robert; RFK 0004 Kennedy, Edward; "Ted" 0005 Kennedy, NA which 0006 Truman 0007 Roosevelt; "FDR" 0008 McGovern 0009 Carter 0010 Mondale 0011 McCarthy, Eugene 0012 Humphrey 0013 Muskie 0014 Dukakis, Michael 0015 Wallace 0016 Jackson, Jesse 0017 Clinton, Bill 0031 Eisenhower; Ike 0032 Nixon 0034 Rockefeller 0035 Reagan 0036 Ford 0037 Bush 0038 Connally 0039 Kissinger 0040 McCarthy, Joseph 0041 Buchanan, Pat 0051 Other national party figures (Senators, Congressman, etc.) 0052 Local party figures (city, state, etc.) 0053 Good/Young/Experienced leaders; like whole ticket 0054 Bad/Old/Inexperienced leaders; dislike whole ticket 0055 Reference to vice‐presidential candidate ? Make 0097 Other people within party reasons Card PARTY ONLY ‐‐ PARTY CHARACTERISTICS 0101 Traditional Democratic voter: always been a Democrat; just a Democrat; never been a Republican; just couldn't vote Republican 0102 Traditional Republican voter: always been a Republican; just a Republican; never been a Democrat; just couldn't vote Democratic 0111 Positive, personal, affective terms applied to party‐‐good/nice people; patriotic; etc. -
Libertarian Party of Nevada Hosted "Speed Dating" Events Over 2 Days at Different Venues in Las Vegas
Endorsement Committee This year, we formed an Endorsement Committee comprised of 18 members plus additional Libertarian leadership; the “Committee.” The Committee members conducted their own independent research on each of the candidates and asked them questions at our events. The Committee members took notes and made recommendations on grades and endorsements. Endorsement Committee Chair: Jason Weinman Committee Members: Jason G Smith Jim Duensing Jason Nellis Lesley Chan John McCormack JD Smith Lou Pombo Brady Bowyer Scott Lafata Tim Hagan Brett H. Pojunis Brandon Ellyson Debra Dedmon Nick Klein Andrew Lea Ross Williams Tarina Dark Steve Brown Format - Why "Speed Dating?" The Libertarian Party of Nevada hosted "Speed Dating" events over 2 days at different venues in Las Vegas. The goal was to meet as many candidates as possible in a format similar to speed dating. LPNevada endorsed Candidates in non‐partisan races and graded Candidates in partisan races for the 2014 General Elections. Most organizations do not get one‐on‐one interaction with the candidates; we felt this is important. Endorsements and Grading Non‐Partisan candidates received either a positive (thumbs up) or negative (thumbs down) endorsement from the Committee. Partisan Candidates received a grade of 1 to 5 stars. Candidates who received 1 star were not very Libertarian and candidates who received 5 stars were very good in regards to their position on issues important to Libertarians. The Libertarian Party of Nevada has the following 15 Candidate on the 2014 Ballot. Adam Sanacore, Assembly District 21 Lou Pombo, Assembly District 37 Chris Dailey, White Pine County Commission Louis Gabriel, Assembly District 32 Donald W. -
Addendum a to Resolution to Reestablish Republican Unity and Principles
Addendum A to Resolution to Reestablish Republican Unity and Principles Note: This addendum is attached to the Resolution to ensure clarity and justification for the claims and appeals made within the Resolution. Towards Integrity, Then Unity We, the Nevada Republican Central Committee make it known that we delayed presentation and publication of this Resolution until after the 2012 Presidential Election to unmistakably demonstrate support and respect for our Republican candidate. Unlike events at the 2012 Republican National Committee (RNC) Tampa Convention, we demand integrity and sincere unity in Republican Party affairs. The RNC silenced the delegates, and therefore, all Republicans, during the vote to accept the RNC Rules Committee Report, in violation of RNC Rules, specifically, our Preamble. The Preamble of our RNC Rules sets out a clear vision for the Party to function properly. The leadership of the Party exercised exceptionally poor judgment in their decision making, clearly violating that Preamble. As members of the Republican Party it is our duty to take actions necessary to ensure that our Party respects our rules. Specific Grievances 1) The report of the 2012 RNC Convention Rules Committee was not accepted properly. Legitimate cries of “Division” were heard, clearly requiring actions which were not taken (see Rules of the House of Representatives, Rule XX, 1. (a) Voting and Quorum Calls) 2) Therefore, Rule 40 (b) could not have been amended and the original requirement for five states remained the criteria. Considering this and that the RNC Secretary was handed candidate nomination forms in accordance with the rules, there should have been a nomination from the floor. -
Southern Hills Republican Women Mission Statement DIRECTORS the Southern Hills Republican Women’S Club Believes in American Exceptionalism
Volume 7 Issue 4 APRIL 2014 Southern Hills Republican Women Mission Statement DIRECTORS The Southern Hills Republican Women’s Club believes in American exceptionalism. We are President: committed to supporting and advancing the Republican Party, and its candidates, at the local, Lynn Armanino state and national level. To fulfill this mission we will: [email protected] 248-1414 • provide information on current political and community issues, • organize members and coordinate efforts to promote and elect Republican candidates, Interim1st V.P: • maintain our commitment, passion and knowledge in support of the Republican Party and Nickie Diersen conservative issues, [email protected] • influence policy making at all levels of government. 897-4682 2nd V.P: Angela Lin Greenberg- nd [email protected]; Tuesday April 22 269-5557 Guest Speaker Senator Barbara Cegavske Treasurer: Susan Tanksley Candidate for Nevada Secretary of State [email protected] 487-6418 Secretary: Barbara has served for 18 years in our state legislature and has worked very Linda Schlinger hard to enact legislation in support of families and businesses in our great state of [email protected] rd 896-9829 Nevada. She just completed her 3 and final term in our State Senate (District 8) and held the following leadership positions: Senate Minority Whip (2009) and Communications Director: Assistant Senate Minority Leader (2011) along with other chairmanship and Nickie Diersen committee membership positions. [email protected]; 897-4682 Prior to this she served in our State Assembly (District 5) for 6 years and held Events Director: numerous legislative leadership positions including Assistant Assembly Minority Anne Danielson [email protected] Whip (1997) and Assistant Minority Leader (1999 – 2001). -
AUGUST 2017 – the Elephant’S Tale
C ELEBRATING 52 YEARS • 1965 - 2015 – AUGUST 2017 – The Elephant’s Tale V OLUME 24 • I SSUE 8 Please join us for A Summer Garden Party TUESDAY, AUGUST 8, 2017 With Special Invited Guest Congressman Mark Amodei, Who will be introduced by our Secretary of State, Barbara Cegavske Where: Janet Pahl’s Garden, 1064 Lakeshore Boulevard, Incline Village | 5 to 8 p.m $50 with advance reservation, $55 without Members! This is our last chance this year to reach like - minded women who may have difficulty attending luncheon meetings. PLEASE invite your friends and contacts. Don’t forget to wear your club name badge! PLEASE RSVP to Shirley Appel at [email protected] or by calling (cell) 818 - 266 - 4402 or (home) 775 - 831 - 1505 by FRIDAY, AUGUST 4th AND Mail your check to: IVCBRW, PO BOX 3009, INCLINE VILLAGE, NV 89450 Your check is your reservation! Paid for by Incline Village/Crystal Bay Republican Women. Political contributions are not tax deductible. All solicitations of funds in connection with this event are being made by the Incline Village/Crystal Bay Republican Women and not by Congressman Amodei. Congressman Amodei is seeking only federal permissible funds subject to federal limitations, prohibitions and reporting requirements. Not endorsed by any candidate or candidate’s committee. T HE E LEPHANT ’ S T ALE • A UGUST 2017 with cocktails starting at 5:00 PM and dinner at 6:00 PRESIDENT’S PM. Please make your reservations early. This is the MESSAGE annual “pay in advance” garden party. See the flyer in this newsletter to RSVP. -
October 2010 Newsletter
VOLUME 2, ISSUE 2 OCTOBER 2010 INSIDE THIS ISSUE: Volume 2, Issue 2 Mt. Rose RW 2 NEWSLETTER Achievement/Sparks 3 Fernley 4 From the President...... Lynne Hartung Membership/Website 5 History/ByLaw 6 To the members of fully about Sharron Angle unseating Harry Reid. We are being asked to help News-Dean Heller 7 the NvFRW: all Republicans throughout the United Legislation/P.E.M. 8 First, I am so proud to States just as other NFRW clubs and announce that the federations are working hard to turn SHRW 9 Nevada Federation of over control of Congress to Republi- ARW 10 Republican Women has cans, including unseating Nancy Pelosi. been recognized by the Having just returned from Guest Mark Amodei 11 Nevada Republican Party Charleston, So. Carolina, for the NFRW for its contributions to the Party’s success. Scholarship/Literacy 12 th Fall Board of Directors, I was able to On September 25 , the NvFRW was listen to Republican candidates in South Membership Retent. 13 honored with one of Carolina – from Congressmen Joe the two Tom Wiesner Wilson to Senator Jim DeMint. I was, awards. I was so as were all the other people in the audi- LIST OF OFFICERS honored to accept ence, so impressed by Tim Scott. LYNNE HARTUNG—PRESIDENT this tribute, presented Running for South Carolina’s First 775-359-2434 by former Gov. List, [email protected] Congressional District, Scott is dynamic on behalf of the almost 1,400 current and enthusiastic. He believes in the MARAYA EVANS—1ST V.P. members and the thousands of past PROGRAMS traditional values of the Republican 702-293-4478 members. -
POST-ELECTION CASES UPDATED 11/4/20 at 7:00 PM
VOTING RIGHTS LITIGATION: POST-ELECTION CASES UPDATED 11/4/20 at 7:00 PM CASE ISSUE DEVELOPMENTS PENNSYLVANIA Republican Party of Pennsylvania v. Trump campaign claims that state supreme Trump filed a motion to intervene before Boockvar, No. 20-542 (U.S.) court ruling that extended ballot receipt the Supreme Court. deadline to November 6 violates the Elections/Electors Clause. The Supreme Court has ordered a response to be filed by 5pm tomorrow (11/5) In re Canvassing Observation, No. 1094 CD Trump campaign argues that counting Trump campaign appeals ruling by Election 2020 (Commonwealth Ct. of Pa.) should temporarily stop until observers Day judge that denied greater access. A are given greater access to watch the hearing has been scheduled for 7pm on ballot count. 11/4. Contemporaneous coverage of proceedings here: https://twitter.com/broadandmarket/stat us/1323794598951587841?s=21 Hamm v. Boockvar, No. 600 MD 2020 Plaintiffs challenge guidance recently Filed late 11/3. Status conference (Commonwealth Ct. of Pa.) issued by the Secretary of the scheduled for 1:30 Wed 11/4. Commonwealth, arguing that her instruction that county boards of election communicate with voters whose ballots The Voter Protection Program (VPP) is a national nonpartisan initiative promoting election integrity and ensuring safe, fair, and secure elections. Learn more at voterprotectionprogram.org are found to be deficient during the pre- canvass process violates state law. In their view, this process, as well as any process for allowing voters to “cure” their vote with a provisional ballot, violates Pennsylvania law, and they ask the court to enjoin the Secretary from allowing invalidly “cured” ballots to be counted in the vote totals. -
Local Party Organizations and the Mobilization of Latino Voters
LOCAL PARTY ORGANIZATIONS AND THE MOBILIZATION OF LATINO VOTERS A Dissertation Submitted to the Temple University Graduate Board In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy By Daniel G. Lehman May, 2013 Examining Committee Members: Robin Kolodny, Advisory Chair, Political Science Michael Hagen, Political Science Sandra Suarez, Political Science Rosario Espinal, Sociology i ABSTRACT We frequently hear that Latinos are the fastest growing minority group in the United States. We also know that like many American immigrant groups, Latinos tend to reside in states where a critical mass of their community already is settled, in this case largely for geo-political reasons (e.g. New Mexico, Arizona, California, Texas, Florida and New York). Why, then, is Latino participation in national politics lower than white, Black, and Asian voters? And who has an interest in doing something about it? This project addresses several interrelated questions concerning the place of Latinos in American politics and the health of democracy in the United States. Political parties are meant to link citizens to the state. However, parties often fear that reaching out to certain groups may alienate the concerns of some core voters, providing a disincentive to political parties to prioritize Latino outreach. Here, I ask, to what degree are local political parties involved in mobilizing Latino voters as compared to other voting groups? Interest groups have much narrower constituencies than political parties by definition, but their -
The Evolution of the Digital Political Advertising Network
PLATFORMS AND OUTSIDERS IN PARTY NETWORKS: THE EVOLUTION OF THE DIGITAL POLITICAL ADVERTISING NETWORK Bridget Barrett A thesis submitted to the faculty at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts at the Hussman School of Journalism and Media. Chapel Hill 2020 Approved by: Daniel Kreiss Adam Saffer Adam Sheingate © 2020 Bridget Barrett ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii ABSTRACT Bridget Barrett: Platforms and Outsiders in Party Networks: The Evolution of the Digital Political Advertising Network (Under the direction of Daniel Kreiss) Scholars seldom examine the companies that campaigns hire to run digital advertising. This thesis presents the first network analysis of relationships between federal political committees (n = 2,077) and the companies they hired for electoral digital political advertising services (n = 1,034) across 13 years (2003–2016) and three election cycles (2008, 2012, and 2016). The network expanded from 333 nodes in 2008 to 2,202 nodes in 2016. In 2012 and 2016, Facebook and Google had the highest normalized betweenness centrality (.34 and .27 in 2012 and .55 and .24 in 2016 respectively). Given their positions in the network, Facebook and Google should be considered consequential members of party networks. Of advertising agencies hired in the 2016 electoral cycle, 23% had no declared political specialization and were hired disproportionately by non-incumbents. The thesis argues their motivations may not be as well-aligned with party goals as those of established political professionals. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES .................................................................................................................... V POLITICAL CONSULTING AND PARTY NETWORKS ............................................................................... -
Harris, Thomas R. Professor Department of Resource Economics Director University Center for Economic Development University of Nevada, Reno
VITA NAME AND ADDRESS: Harris, Thomas R. Professor Department of Resource Economics Director University Center for Economic Development University of Nevada, Reno DATE AND PLACE OF BIRTH: July 29, 1948 Longview, Texas EDUCATION: Ph.D. Agricultural Economics 1981 Oklahoma State University Stillwater, Oklahoma M.S. Agricultural Economics 1972 Texas Tech University Lubbock, Texas B.B.A. Economics 1970 University of Texas at Arlington Arlington, Texas WORK EXPERIENCE: 2011 to Present Professor Department of Economics Director University Center for Economic Development State Extension Specialist—Economic Development University of Nevada Cooperative Extension University of Nevada, Reno 2009 to 2011 Professor Department of Resource Economics Director University Center for Economic Development State Extension Specialist—Economic Development University of Nevada Cooperative Extension University of Nevada, Reno 2008 to 2009 Interim Department Chair and Foundation Professor Department of Resource Economics Director University Center for Economic Development State Extension Specialist—Economic Development University of Nevada Cooperative Extension University of Nevada, Reno 2000 to 2008 Foundation Professor Department of Resource Economics Director University Center for Economic Development State Extension Specialist—Economic Development University of Nevada Cooperative Extension University of Nevada, Reno 1999 to 2000 Interim Department Chair and Foundation Professor Department of Applied Economics and Statistics Director University Center for Economic -
Congressional Record—House H11234
H11234 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD Ð HOUSE September 26, 1996 believe the time has come when we Mr. Speaker, today, once again, the fice to commingle political and office must stand up for the rights of victims Members of this House have a chance resources, guilty; using the House floor of gun violence, not the rights of per- to vote for the release of the outside to advertise his Political Action Com- petrators of gun violence. We Ameri- counsel report. I urge Members to sup- mittee, guilty. cans have a basic right. It is the right port my resolution. To do otherwise is The bipartisan Ethics Committee re- to be safe in our homes, on our streets, to risk being accused of participating buked Speaker GINGRICH because he, and in our churches. in a Newt Gingrich ethics coverup. and I quote, ``capitalized on his office f f and exploited his office for personal gain,'' when he signed his $4 million THE MESS IN HAITI TRIBUTE TO THE HONORABLE book review with a major Republican (Mr. GILMAN asked and was given BARBARA VUCANOVICH contributor. permission to address the House for 1 (Mr. ENSIGN asked and was given Now taxpayers have spent $500,000 to minute and to revise and extend his re- permission to address the House for 1 investigate his other activities, yet marks.) minute and to revise and extend his re- Speaker GINGRICH has squelched this Mr. GILMAN. Mr. Speaker, 2 years marks.) Government report; $500,000 of the tax- ago, President Clinton sent our troops Mr. ENSIGN. Mr. Speaker, I rise to payers' dollars spent on the investiga- into Haiti, spending over $2 billion recognize the accomplishments of a tion, yet Speaker GINGRICH has there, and now calls Haiti a foreign distinguished lady who is retiring after squelched this Government report.