May 13, 1968 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 13037

EXTENSIONS O·F REMARKS A TRIBUTE TO SENATOR LAUSCHE nearly 700,000 votes. He spent next to nothing Medal and responded with an address in that campaign, and he adamantly refused which outlines brilliantly the hopes and to spend much of anything this spring. The fears of America. It is sober but inspir­ HON. HARRY F. BYRD, JR. people knew where he stood--or they ought ing reading, designed to make us think OF VIRGINIA to know. He had voted for the open housing bill, but he also had sponsored (with strom and act promptly and effectively to pro­ IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES Thurmond) a tough amendment to punish tect our Nation. I share this message with Monday, May 13, 1968 rioters. He was hard on Vietnam. He was hard, my colleagues confident that it will be in truth, on just about everything. There was found a compelling call to arms. Mr. BYRD of Virginia. Mr. President, mighty little softness in him. The address follows: through the years, FRANK LAUSCHE, the It is especially ironic that Lausche should ADDRESS BY GEN. HAROLD K. JOHNSON, CHIEF senior Senator from Ohio, has demon­ have been toppled by former Representative OF STAFF, U.S. ARMY, 50TH ANNIVERSARY strated a toughness of spirit and mind John J. Gilligan, for Gilligan was defeated MEETING, AMERICAN ORDNANCE AsSOCIATION, which has won the respect even of those two years ago by young Robert Taft. In the WASHINGTON, D.C., MAY 9, 1968 who oppose the positions he has taken. zoology of politics, Taft is a kitten and Lausche a catamount. I am doubly honored tonight--first by the It can surely be said there have never This time, Gilligan benefited from one of privilege of addressing the American Ord­ been any strings on FRANK J. LA USCHE. those great efforts that labor can mount in nance Association on the occasion of its He is his own man, and in being that, he Ohio. During his single term in the House fiftieth anniversary and second by your gen­ is a man of the people in the best sense (1965-66), Gilligan rated a neat 100 per cent erous award of the Crozier Medal. The As­ of the word. in the scorecards of the AFL-CIO. By con­ sociation has served the armed forces of the Mr. President, I ask unanimous con­ trast, his rating from the conservative Amer­ United States for half a century and has al­ sent to have printed in the Extensions of icans for Constitutional Action was a feeble ways been held in high esteem by the Army. 7. Gilligan also benefited in Cleveland from General Crozier, a former Chief of Ord­ Remarks a tribute to Senator LAuscHE the help of Negro leaders identified with nance, devoted his life to moving the Army which was written by the noted column­ Mayor Carl Stokes. ahead on the SIWelling wave of technology. I ist, James J. Kilpatrick, and published In November, Gilligan will be pitted against challenge the Association to strive for the in the Richmond News-Leader of Satur­ the Republican Senatorial nominee Ohio's sa.me order of a.chievement in the next fifty day, May 11,1968. Attorney General William B. Saxbe. Conserv­ years. The technological wave has not yet There being no objection, the article atives who are dismayed by the loss of reached its crest. Proper harnessing of its Lausche may be consoled, to some extent, surging power will take an your skill, cour­ was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, age and devotion. as follows: by the lively hope of seeing Saxbe elected. Saxbe is known as a pragmatist, a savvy cam­ I pondered a long time before I decided TRmUTE TO LAUSCHE: OHIO'S BARE-KNUCKLED paigner, a competent middle-of-the-roader what to talk about tonight. Since technology LITTLE GIANT with broad appeal across the Republican and its management are your ma.jor concern, (By James J. Kilpatrick) spectrum. The House elections of 1966 dem­ I thought perhaps I might discuss the appli­ WASHINGTON.-Back in mid-April, When onstrated a Republican trend in Ohio; if the cation of management in the Army. How­ the newspaper editors were having their an­ momentum can be sUJStained in November ever, in my opinion, we're on the watershed nual consistory out at the Shoreham, I ran Saxbe should win. ' now in a great management revolution in the into Ohio's Senator Frank Lausche and asked But with deference to the gentleman he Army. We've identified our goals clearly and him how he was doing. He rolled those ex­ won't bring to the Senate the color, 'the we've recently taken some giant steps to­ press! ve eyes to heaven and crossed his fingers verve, and the bare knuckled spirit of Ohio's ward mastering our resources. As a result, for luck. I promised myself to write a piece little giant. In the lovely hurly-burly of the we're acquiring real confidence in our ability about the old maverick, but other things got Hill, Lausche has fought the good fight. It's to improve their employment. It was just a in the way. Now, dammit, it's too late. He a pity to see him knocked out. matter of finding the handle, really. Now our went down to defeat in Tuesday's senatorial task is one of continued improvements and primary. His departure from the Washington for this reason I've decided against talking scene will be a real loss to the Senate, and to to you further about automatic data proc­ the country, too. GEN. HAROLD K. JOHNSON AD­ essing and the budget cycle. While they are Lausche was in a class by himself. Over at the core of our day-to-day operations, I DRESSES AMERICAN ORDNANCE believe an occasion such as this warrants a the years, you came to expect most of the ASSOCIATION ON 50TH ANNIVER­ Southern Democrats to rack up a ·stoutly Re­ greater stimulation than a mundane de­ publican record, but the old warhorses from SARY scription of how computers help the Army. Dixie were secure in their saddles; no one Rather, tonight I want to get very quickly paid much attention. By the same token, you to what I believe to be a much larger sub­ knew about where Wayne Morse, the Oregon HON. ALEXANDER PIRNIE ject--one that is of the greatest importance cactus, would sink his barbs. Lausche was OF NEW YORK to our Nation today. And, I say at the out­ different. He voted his convictions with reck­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES set, the way we choose to deal with it will determine the future path of the America less disdain for party labels. He was a con­ Monday, May 13, 1968 servative, but a restless conservative; he we know now-the America we remember­ and the America we would like to have. would not stand and be hitched. Mr. PffiNIE. Mr. Speaker, our dis­ Great day, we will miss him next year! tinguished Chief of Staff, U.S. Army, What I refer to is what I call the American He came to the Senate in 1957, after serving vision. My definition of the American vision Gen. Harold K. Johnson, will soon retire. is not a complex abstract philosophy for in­ five terms as Governor of Ohio. He had done During his long and proud military a brilliant job in the statehouse. My own tellectuals to debate. It is simole. It is some­ recollection of Lausche goes back to the fall career his words and deeds have marked thing every man can understand. It is essen­ of 1951, when the National Conference of him as a great leader. Those privileged tially those things we stand for. It is what Editorial Writers met in Cleveland. He held to know him have admired his clear motivated our ancestors to come to a wild his tough audience spellbound for an hour, thinking, quiet courage and professional and unknown land and gamble everything, with a virtuoso performance on the problems competence. Those qualities have served including their lives, to make it go. It is and prospects of State government. what we read, without innuendoes, in the our country well. Even beyond all this, documents that a few visionary patriots Come to think of it, he always had the we apprEciate his sterling character and wrote--our Declaration of Independence air of a virtuoso. He looked like a solo pianist devotion to high ideals. or a visiting guest conductor-swarthy, his and our Constitution. The Bill of Rights. It hands always in motion, his mobile face General Johnson commands the Army is what we read in the court decisions urging a faster tempo. Over the years, his of the greatest military power in the treaties, laws and ordinances placed on th~ world, but his reliance is not solely on books ever since. We have seen parts of great shock of dark hair turned grey; the them again and again in the Emancipation lines deepened around his eyes and mouth, the weapons or troops at his disposal but Proclamation, and the Charter of the United but he never lost the vitality of 1951. In a upon the moral force our Nation em­ Nations. chamber of lusty debators, he held his own bodies. This was reflected in his memor­ with the best. The American vision is nothing more than able talk at the Presidential prayer our fundamental, ethical and moral belief in A good deal was made in the press of the breakfast in February and agair. May 9 Senator's age-he is 72-but it wasn't his the dignity of the individual arid his so­ age that beat him on Tuesday. It was a com­ at the 50th anniversary dinner of the ciety-belief that the individual counts for bination of Lausche's own stubbornness and American Ordnance Association. On this a great deal. It is our embrace of freedom, organized labor's strength. The last time the latter occasion, General Johnsor. re­ all kinds of freedom, righteousness and jus­ Senator ran, in 1962, he won re-election by ceived the coveted award of the Crozier tice. They count for more than wealth, in- 13038 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 13, 1968 :fluence, world power or other transitory insisted on a United Nations that opposed That is a shocking list. Every allegation values. We started with those principles, we this odious practice. We movtld with dispatch can be supported to at least some degree. have stayed with those principles, and they to grant full independence to the Philippines, Together they comprise a severe indictment. have achieved for us the aflluence and the the closest activity we had to a colony then. In my opinion, however, none of the allega­ world eminence we enjoy today. That is the Yes, we do grant and lend dollars to help tions can be applied specifically to all of American vision in a nutshell. countries less well endowed than we to open America or to all Americans. Only to the de­ Last month I returned from my tenth visit hospitals and build dams and roads. If this gree that each allegation is true are we in to South Vietnam. While there I encoun­ is imperialism, then I will live with the trouble. But we must recognize that as long tered openly expressed concern on the part stigma. I believe the American ethic of hu­ as any single part of one allegation is true, of our soldiers about what has been taking manitarianism and faith in the progr·ess of even to a small degree, we have a festering place back here. They understand why they the individual underlies our assistance pol­ sore that must be treated and cured. I will are in Vietnam and what must be done over icies-not sheer political gain. not answer each of these charges tonight, there. But they do not understand what is Some say we meddle overmuch in the in­ but I will give you an insight into causes happening here at home. While doing my ternal affairs of other nations-in things and cures. best to explain, I felt compelled to tell them which are none of our business. I answer I have been very closely involved in the honestly of what I considered to be two that we do not seek to impose our system events of the unfortunate days of 1967 and great tragedies that have befallen this Na­ on others. We try to demonSitrate, by exam­ 1968. In a span of twelve months, Federal tion in recent months. The first of these was ple, that our values and principles have ap­ forces were twice called upon by civil au­ the unfortunate loss of confidence after plication in other cultures; that by local thority to clear the streets and restore or­ North Vietnam's Tet offensive. The second adaptation of what we know as justice, per­ der. Murder, arson, and looting broke out tragedy. I told them, is domestic disturb­ sonal liberty, opportunity based on merit even here in the Nation's seat of government. ance. I believe-and I have so stated on instead of birthright, and respect for the in­ It cannot happen in America, we said. But many occasionfr-that dissent, debate, pub­ dividual, any nation can achi.eve cohension it did. We have a problem of very serious lic assembly and the privilege of seeking re­ and national purpose--:.take i.ts prideful place proportions. When civil authority orders the dress for grievances are rights that we train in the international system. Japan, West Ger­ Army into the streets to assist in uphold.ing our young citizens to exercise. But the spec­ many, and South Korea are not carbon copies the law, we have taken the ultimate step for tacles that we have witnessed in our city of our perculiar system. I do not believe that enforcement of the law. The Army is then streets and on some of our college campuses those nations have suffered from adoption of joining in the final defense of order and lately simply indicate a growing disrespect a piece of our system, either. the prevention of out-and-out anarchy. for law and order. So much for our detractors abroad. But let Whom do you call upon next? How many And yet the foundation of our govern­ me say that there are other foreign voices, more times must the forces be o-rdered out? ment--of any wen-ordered society-is the perhaps less articulate, but no less author­ What has led to this very obvious decline rule of law. Without order, justice and free­ itative-a very large body of opinion which in respect for law, for the rights of people dom disappear. In the final analysis, our often escapes our notice-many voices that to pursue their goals, for justice? Why have national security, along with that of other say "Yes, Americans, your system, your values these ideals become a mockery and a target nations, rests upon a rule of law and order, are better than ours. Let us share your for cynics? both domestic and international. vision." Of whom do I speak? I speak of the Some say it is because we no longer have a It is against this backdrop that I speak Hungarians who fled Budapest in 1956 when frontier-a place where a man can match tonight, and I raise the question: What has an authori·tarian regime re.imposed its·elf with wits and strength with the elements. Others happened to the American vision? Is it as tanks and machine guns. Those people had say there is too much aflluence or there are distinct to Americans today as it was when gotten a brief scent of freedom. Many found no challenges left. They are wrong. There is I was a boy? Certainly, the level of criticism their way to our shores and a new opportu­ a frontier, but not in a geographical sense. both at home and abroad is much higher nity. Ask them why they came. Go to the There are plenty of challenges left. Just read now than it used to be. But in view. of the docks in Mia.mi and ask the Cuban refugee the front page of your newspaper any morn­ magnitude and complexities of our world­ in the open boat why he left Havana. Ask ing, if you are skeptical. wide responsibilities, is that really so sur­ our immigration officials how many are on I offer that the problem lies with the in­ prising? the waiting list to come in from every con­ dividual-many individuals, a whole aggre­ In Boston last week, in a speech to the tinent. gation of them who make up the population Adjutants General Association, I dealt with No, I do not worry about our critics across of America. The individual is central to the a number of allegations often leveled at our the oceans. There are too many non­ theme of things, not ambiguous bodies Mke society. Tonight, at the risk of repetition, I Americans who validate the American vision. "the government" or "the party•' or "the es­ would like to refer to those allegations and But I am very troubled about our attitudes at tablishment." The lrey is the individual and deal with certain additional ones. Let me home. If our principles are so attractive to his involvement in the American scheme. first answer some of our foreign critics: those who cannot enjoy them, why are they If our vision is fading, Lt is because individ­ Some say that economic gain motivates in disfavor with Americans who can? Listen uals are not involved in pursuing 1t. I hear our every foreign policy decision-that the to the statements we hear about ourselves: with distressing regularity when tragedy State Department puts a dollar sign on every We Americans no longer have a great na­ strikes the excuse "I didn't want to get in­ treaty and agreement. tional purpose or sense of mission. volved". or "How terrible. I wonder what I say that history proves otherwise-that Since we have no national purpose, we 'they' are going to do about it?" Let me leave our relations with other countries have been cannot have a sensible international purpose. no doubt in your minds here--"They" are based on our ethical heritage and not on We have become too well off; too contented; "we"-you and I. If we do not get involved, sterile economic determinism. Some people too fat; too soft. who will? I'll tell you who. It will be the in­ in other countries say that there is a dollar We are politically, socially, and economi­ dividuals who seek to get involved, who have invasion, that U.S. capital is attempting to cally divided, and our various factions can no a purpose-a purpose that does not match control foreign industry. I ask them to look longer communicate among themselves. the American vision as you and I know it. back to the bleak years of 1945 to 1950 when Our bedrock of religious faith has crum­ This stark truth lies at the heart of campus virtually the entire Free World was prostrate. bled. God is dead; Christ was just an itiner­ dissent and V'iolence in the streets. It re­ American capital left these shores by the bil­ ant moralist; The Bible is great literature, flects a deep dissatisfaction and sense of lionfr-but why? To create or revive political but not much else. frustration on the parts of many. It grows and economic systems for people who had Public and official morality have become a out of no longer knowing what is construc­ their versions of our vision; to permit them big joke. tive or cannot identify the road to HOPE. to resist an encroaching system in which the We have allowed "too much government" The American vision does not equate with individual is nothing and the state is all. We to devour our individualism. We have be­ reality as those people perceive it. The vision were not vindictive. We helped to reconstruct come wards of the state-and we like it that says that ind.ividual dignity and rights are the societies of our erstwhile enemies as well way. paramount in the United States; that every as those of our allles-but in a form that There is more: American can go as far as his capab111ties accorded with the vision of a community of Our patriotic fervor-the Spirit of '76- will take him. The frustrated among us pro­ peaceful nations. has burned itself out. test that this is not so. Avenues are closed. Yes, there was a dollar invasion, but it The question, "Is it good for the country?" Opportunity is not there. Justice is the ex­ created jobs, opened schools, trained doc­ has been replaced by, "What's in it for me?". clusive property of a few. So being human tors, and gave millions the chance to achieve We have no great leaders anymore, and beings, they seek other channels for this their vision. It lifted nations to their knees the debunkers have killed off the last of our frustration--street violence and takeover of from the depths of despair and ruin. national heroes. universities, draft card burndng, and flight Our enemies and antagonists say we are We have become a nation of cowards, who abroad to avoid military service. These peo­ colonialists and neoimperialists. This hardly place security above all else. Public Enemy ple get involved. They are building the new merits dignifying with a response. Whom No. 1 today is the man who rocks the boat. American vision, the one represented by the have we colondzed? U.S. policy in post-World We believe in freedom, justice, equality­ list I read. War II years had the central theme of re­ as long as it is stamped "Made in Amer­ What we need now is the re-creation of sisting the re-imposttion of colonial regimes. ica" or "Reserved for Americans." constructive goals, the application of brain­ We adhered to this policy despite strong Our young people have become a bunch of power, energy and resourcefulness to reopen wartime ties to former colonial powers. We spoiled, over-fed, under-principled punks. the channels in our social order. We must May 13, 1968 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 13039 llipply maasive efforts to restore the real vi­ CAN WE COMMUNICATE IN THE 21ST of new ones. To them, also, we have much to sion for everyone. We must insure that the CENTURY?-ADDRESS BY LEON­ say. ring of truth is in freedom, justice, dignity, With each of these three groups of nations, and righteousness until mockery and cyni­ ARD H. MARKS, DIRECTOR, U.S. then, we must cominunicate. And we must cism have no soil in which to grow. INFORMATION AGENCY do so in their languages, in terms meaningful Now I am back to involvement again. Who to them, taking into account their differences is going to do it? It is easy to say "Fine. It in background and experience. must be done. But I am just one person. I HON. HUGH SCOTT Can we do this? Can we meet this chal­ cannot do much." That is always the easy OF PENNSYLVANIA lenge? way. Just a little too much complacency. It IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES Let us look first at the means we shall have is easy to say "Let George do it," or "That is to communicate with our foreign neighbors why I elect Congressmen-to look out for Monday, May 13, 1968 in the 21st century. Techniques that will the nation's problems." But these are not Mr. SCO'IT. Mr. President, Leonard then be cominonplace will realize the wildest the nation's problems. They are our prob­ Marks, the able Director of the U.S. In­ dreams of inventors and scientists. And this lems. If we, as individuals in the aggregate transformation becomes all the more dra­ fail in our individual responsib111ties, I see formation Agency, spoke before the matic since the revolution in cominunica­ a. dismal future for all of us. The others of American Women in Radio and Tele­ tions is a comparatively recent development whom I spoke are going to get more involved vision, in Los Angeles, Calif., on May 2. in human history. and I do not like the consequences for our In order that Senators and others may Prior to the advent of printing in the American vision. have the opportunity to read his percep­ fifteenth century, knowledge was handed So, you must get involved if you share tive remarks on the challenges of com­ down by a few wise men who, by word of my interpretation of the vision. You have mouth and through treasured, hand-copied no choice. I cannot tell you how to do it­ municating with our foreign neighbors, manuscript, would tell their disciples about the particular form of involvement that best I ask unanimous consent that the text of the mysteries of life and the answers they suits each one of you. Each of you has his his speech be printed in the RECORD. had accumulated from their experience. life, goals, pursuits, strengths, and problems There being no objection, the speech Traveling troubadours or messengers played apart from anyone else. That is why you are was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, a part, but essentially, people lived in small individuals. But I do know that there are as follows: villages and knew only what their elders in tasks enough for everyone--that each of you that society told them. can leave this room tonight and be involved CAN WE COMMUNICATE IN THE 21ST CENTURY? Even today there are places where people constructively before another day passes. (Address by Leonard H. Marks, Director, U.S. are born and die and never meet neighbors You must match your personal obligations Information Agency, to American Women who live in the next village more than and capacities to the task at hand. Maybe in Radio and Television, Los Angeles, Oalif., twenty miles away. you are already involved but not enough. May 2, 1968) With the advent of printing, it became Perhaps you are already involved-and too This evening I want to talk with you about easier to record one's thoughts and distribute much-to the extent that you skip over a chaUenge that faces us as Americans-the them to adjacent and remote areas-and some of the responsibilities for which you challenge of communicating with our for­ learning flourished as the printing press are charged and which you have agreed to eign neighbors. made the wisdom of elders available to dis­ assume. It is going to take total involvement I start from the pr.emlse that other na­ tant lands. by individuals--all individuals. Time is pass­ tions around the globe, while separated from Then, in the 20th century, we received ing and so may our vision be passing. us by vast distances, are our neighbors in a an accumulation of riches: the telegraph, the I am calling you back to arms tonight­ world grown small. And if my premise is cor­ telephone, radio and that most miraculous ! am throwing down the gauntlet. Recall rect today-as I am confident this audience of all media, television. Not only could we that your heritage and your afiluence are will agree--how much closer neighbors they use these techniques within national boun­ nothing more than the story of men who will be in the 21st century. daries-telephone and telegraph lines cross­ became involved. The colonists of 1776 were I also start from the pre·mise that as ing from one ocean to the other, radio involved. The soldiers of the Union became neighbors we must cominunicate on matters crossing mountainous areas that were other­ involved in 1860 and aren't we glad they did. of cominon conce·rn. There are few parts of wise impassable. Even continents could now Millions of 19th century immigrants from be linked with high-powered transmitters Europe and elsewhere became involved. They the globe whose peoples' hopes and fears, triumphs and setbacks, do not in some way and receivers. sought the vision and built on foundations affect the United States. And the same may Then, suddenly, the orbiting satellite that others had started. In two World Wars be said about the effect of events here upon evolved. the entire citizenry became involved in one other peoples. The issue of war or peace, eco­ 22,300 miles above the earth, a little hat­ fashion or another. Those before built it for nomic stabdlity, threat of over-population, box containing electronic equipment could us. Have we not the same obligation to pre­ pick up a faint voice, amplify it and transmit serve it not only for those who follow but famine or disease--these are questions of very iminediaroe and tangible concern to all in­ it to another distant point. Suddenly areas for those who share America with us right that were heretofore inaccessible because of now? That is the challenge and it translates habitants of the globe. When I speak of our neighbors, I see them jungles or oceans or vast distance could ex­ into involvement-as individuals. change live television pictures or any spoken If I did not think that we could measure IllS divided into three groups: up, I would not issue the challenge. I think First, there are our friends with whom we message with any other area in the world. we are as capable--as individuals--as those share cominon goals and ideals. These are All who owned radio and television sets had who have been involved before us. nations which cherish freedom, which be­ a front row seat in their living rooms for I become emotional when I speak of our lieve that the individual has the right to world events in far away locations. country and its vision, but that is because it determine his way of life, to do as he wishes The launching of Telstar, the first com­ has real personal meaning for me. I believe in expressing his views, in choosing his lead­ munication satellite, was banner headline in it. I have tried to be involved ever since ers by free election. The fact that our friend­ news. Front pages around the world were I first put on my country's uniform and ship rests upon this common outlook cannot filled with the new miracle of communica­ pledged to protect its fLag from all its be taken for granted; rather we must tion. Telstar was followed by other satel­ enemies. I take comfort in the view that our strengthen the bonds of solidarity through lites, each more sophisticated than its soldiers share it. They are involved. free and frequent communication. predecessor. But not every American is involved. As a Second, there are other nations whose Today the launching of a satellite doesn't nation, we have sometimes sought and some­ ideology and outlook are diametrically op­ even get a one-inch story in the papers or times dodged involvement. Now, however, we posed to these concepts, who regard the state a 30-second spot in the TV newscasts. We can no longer avoid the responsibility of in­ as all powerful, with the right to determine no longer consider it novel to have a Walter volvement if we intend to influence the the destiny of e.ach of its citizens. This view­ Cronkite or Chet Huntley on· our TV screens course of events that are consistent with point is alien to us. But simply because we reporting from Europe or Asia or some other the visions we hold as a people. disagree with these nations does not mean remote point at the exact moment and place President Wilson, who certainly became in­ that we can ignore their existence. On the where the news is breaking. volved, spoke of this vision in these words contrary, we must seek to build bridges to Shortly there will be earth stations in which I would like to leave with you: "This them, and to strengthen the bases for co­ Africa, Asia and Latin America. The world country, above every country in the world, existence on the planet that we must share. will be tied together into a . vast network gentlemen, is meant to lift; it is meant to Third, there are nations which have not where at any time a person can pick up the add to the forces that improve. It is meant yet decided the pattern that they wish to telephone, make a phone call to anyone else to add to everything that betters the world, follow. Most of these are nations in the "de­ in the world, send a telegraphic message, that gives it better thinking, more honest veloping" world, seeking an answer to their communicate by radio or send an image by endeavor, a closer grapple of man with man, serious economic, social and political prob­ television. so that we will all be pulling together like lems. They look to the one side, they look to Or take the field of printing. For the past one irresistible team in a single harness." the other and they must make decisions as hundred years, there was no substantial The questions that each of us must answer to where they will go. Many of them have improvement: a book was a book. Now sud­ for himself are: Am I in harness? Am I in­ learned that independence is not the resolu­ denly that medium is being revolutionized. volved? Do I really care? tion of all their problems, but the beginning I carry something with me for people to 13040 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 13, 1968 see, very dramatically, what is happening. concepts. One question was: Do you prefer hearing word of what is going on outside. This is the Bible. On this two-by-two micro­ capitalism or a regulated economy for your However, no jamming has ever been 100 per­ form card the entire Bible has been re­ country? cent successful. There are people in China corded. In order to read it, you insert the The highest proportion of any group that today who listen to our programs; we know card in a machine reader about the size of said it preferred capitalism was 50 percent. this. We know that the Foreign Minister a small television screen. You flick a In most countries in that area, 80 to 90 per­ Chen Yi, is one of our best listeners. He switch-and the Bible is reproduced with cent said that they did not prefer capitalism. was interviewed by some Japanese newsmen the same type as the original volume. If You might immediately come to the con­ who asked him, "How do you know what is you want to turn a page, you turn a knob. clusion that the students polled disapprove going on outside of China?" He said, "Well, There is an index, and the same facility for of the American economy, that they disap­ I listen to the BBC and the Voice of Ameri­ finding material in this volume as you have prove of free enterprise. But when you study ca." with the printed page. subsequent questions, your conclusion is In Russia and Eastern Europe there is a Just think what this is going to do for different. hunger for information. You cannot suppress . the communication of knowledge around The survey .went on to describe essentially the fundamental desire of people to know. the world! a political-economic system such as we have When you prohibit the free flow of informa­ With this microform card, we could con­ in the United States or in many countries of tion, you raise the curiosity level to the point tain a typical library of the U.S. Information Western Europe, and asked for views on such where the public is going to do whatever is Agency overseas-about 9,000 volumes-in a compared to the government-directed econ­ necessary to outWit the censors. shoebox. The entire Library of Congress omy in Communist countries. · In Russia today there is no jamming. Nor would fit into a filing cabinet! Think what When the survey asked these questions is there jamming in any part of Eastern this could mean to foreign scholars, who without labels, a large proportion of students Europe with the exception of Bulgaria. could have readily at hand in Asia, Latin said that it was our system that they pre­ By agreement with the Soviet Union, we America, Europe or Africa the extensive ferred. The word "capitalism" initially raised are permitted to distribute in Russia a mag­ materials that their research requires. images-of the boss living in the big house azine called America. This agreement permits Audio-visual techniques have advanced to on the top of a hill, employing thousands us to sell 62,000 copies every month, and in the point where a simple cylinder, like a 45 of bedraggled serfs-of the poor who have no return, the Russians have the same right to rpm record, can now be reproduced for less chance against a heartless system of priv­ distribute in the United States 62,000 copies than fifty cents, with images, slides, around ilege-of government that shows no concern of a magazine called Soviet Life. We place no the periphery and a tape in the center. for fundamental liberties or for the protec­ restriction on them. They can put their Here we have a sight-and-sound lesson tion of those who are weak, ill or poorly magazines on any newsstand, in any city, at that can be used in any home, in any remote educated. any time, at any price. village school house, explaining hygiene, sci­ But that is not the United States-nor is To get our magazine to the Russian peo­ ence, government. You name the subject and it an accurate description of the free world. ple, however, we must go to the Soviet Gov­ someone will record it. So we know that in communicating with ernment and we say, "Here are 62,000 copies You may have heard the expression, "elec­ other people, we must choose our words of America. Please distribute them." The So­ tronic video recording." Before the end of with care. We must understand the psychol­ viet Government then decides how many this year, it will be available in the United ogies and outlook of our audience, and be will go on which newsstand in which city and States. In simple terms, EVR is the equiva­ able to gauge the impression that a given at what time. lent of a record player on top of a television concept or label will make upon them. These The Moscow correspondent of a Swedish set, integrated into the set. It employs a are the complexities of international com­ newspaper, Svenska Dagbladet, reported re­ cartridge of film, one inch thick, which will munication that remain after the technical cently that he was walking along Gorky play in black and white for 60 minutes. That problems of transmitting messages have been Street, which is the equivalent of Fifth cartridge will be available for sale by the end resolved. Avenue. He said he saw a long line and he of the year for $7.00. You take the cartridge Another challenge that the United States joined it because he thought maybe they home, you put it on your record player at­ faces in international communication is con­ had nylon stockings or pickled cucumbers, tachment, you turn a switch, and there on tact with closed societies. Let me illustrate which is apparently a great delicacy, or some your television set is that film. So we have in terms of the programs of the U.S. Infor­ importation from one of the Eastern Euro­ home movies available to anybody at any m ation Agency. pean countries. When he got to the end of the time on any subject. And I am quite confi­ For those of you who aren't familiar with line he found himself at a newsstand. They dent that the price of $7.00 will be drastically USIA's world-Wide operations, I'd merely like were selling copies of America magazine. He slashed within a short time. to say that we publish magazines, that we described the scene: people snatched copies So we have the riches of audio and visual broadcast in 36 languages over the Voice of from the clerk, eagerly opened and read media available for the schoolroom, for the America, that we produce films for theaters them, and before long the issue was sold out. home, on any topic, at any time. and for television. We exhibit at world fairs We know that every copy is read by at These are some of the new technical facili­ and trade fairs. We operate libraries. We least ten people. There is a black market. ties which we have at our disposal today or publish books. We communicate by any We have also discovered that some of the will have in the very near future. Yet I have means necessary to explain to foreign audi­ vendors at the newsstands know a little bit no doubt that by the year 2,000, the devices ences what the American people think and about capitalism or the free enterprise soci­ that I have described to you will be regarded how they act, and what our government has ety, because they refuse to sell the maga­ With amusement as primitive. to say on issues of importance to the rest zine. They rent it. If a customer returns the With this wealth of technical capacity, the of the world. magazine dog-eared or dirty, he's off the list. question that I ask is: Can we use it Wisely? In most countries, USIA uses the whole Now, despite--or perhaps because of-the What are we going to communicate? How? gamut of information media, emphasizing public eagerness for America magazine, at When the first transatlantic cable was laid those that are most suited to the local cir­ the end of 60 days the Russian authorities between the United States and Europe, Henry cumstances. In closed societies, however, we return to us in unopened bundles from 10 Thoreau, With his sardonic humor, said, are severely limited. Here governments at­ to 15 thousand copies of each issue. They "What are we going to talk to the people of tempt to isolate their peoples from contact say that they cannot sell them-but it is Europe about? In all probability the first with the rest of the world. In these circum­ strange that the sales of Soviet Life in the conversation will be that Princess Adelaide stances, the Voice of America is our chief­ United States seem to determine how many has the whooping cough." and sometimes our only-means of commu­ copies we get back. Well, I'm not that pessimistic. I think nication. Some weeks ago you may have seen the there are many things we h ave to talk about. For example, Communist China. No nation issue of Life magazine which featured an Particularly in a world that's torn by differ­ in modern history is more isolated from the interview with Soviet Premier Kosygin. It ence in ideology, by differences in economic mainstream of civilization. Here is a land was a lavishly illustrated issue given over to conditions, by concepts of what is right and mass larger than the United States, with what is wrong. In a world where distances are a full and fair exposition of the Soviet Rus­ a population of 800 million people, com­ sian viewpoint on all principal issues of con­ no longer measured by land miles but by the pletely isolated from its neighbors. We can't speed of electronic communication. Where communicate with them in person since cern in the world today. It was hardline Com­ all peoples are neighbors. they won't permit our visitors to enter the munist policy, printed by Life exactly as In the process of communication, many country. We can't m ake our books available Premier Kosygin voiced it. obstacles have to be overcome beyond the beqause they won't allow the importation. This can and does happen in America, and technical ones: We speak in different lan­ We can't show them films even in their own we are not surprised. Freedom of the press guages, and although you can learn your language because they won't permit their is taken for granted. But would the Soviet neighbor's language, you have to know more people to be subjected to outside influences. authorities permit such an exposure of our than the words. You have to know the con­ The miracle of the satellite may be known President's views in their country? My offer text Within which the words are used. to the Chinese but is of no value since to arrange just such an interview fell on deaf Let me illustrate. I was impressed by a Communist China refuses to be linked up to ears. survey made among African university stu­ the rest of the world. Accordingly, we can Can we communicate adequately if re­ dents. In many countries of Africa you have only talk to the Chinese people by shortwave strictions of this nature are placed upon the a literacy rate of about 20 percent, so that radio. simple exchange of ideas in the historical the university students are truly an elite. What do they do with our radio signal? medium of print? Can we communicate if These students were asked about certain They jam it to prevent their people from there is going to be jamming of radio sig- May 13, 1968 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 13041 nals? Can we communicate if our films can­ ing the death of Martin Luther King? Why lie ahead in the 21st century defy our imag­ not be viewed in theaters, in private groups? would you do it? Why would you want to ination toda y. Can we communicate if our lecturers can­ tell the world this tragic story?" Yet there will be no better communication not attend seminars and express t heir views? The answer is, certainly we broadcast the in the 21st century unless the nat ions of the The answer is, we can't. story of the riots. We didn't enjoy it. We world recognize that a full and free exchange Tonight let me make another offer to don't enjoy telling about events in the United of ideas is essential to a peaceful world. open, just a bit further, the vital channels States which disparage us. But we had better I have frequently said that communica­ of communication. tell it, because if we don't you can be assured tion is the lifeline of civilization. Without it, This time I address myself to mainland that those who disagree with us will tell it, people live in little tribal societies. They are China. and they will distort it. The world will hear, suspicious and distrustful of their neighbors. For several years, the United States Gov­ not the truth, but the version that our When we enlarge horizons, when we remove ernment has expressed a willingness to ad­ opponents want them to hear. When we tell artificial boundaries, we find that every man mit Chinese Communist journalists to this the story, we not only tell it factually, we put has something in common with his neighbor. country. We have our 1968 presidential elec­ it in context and perspective. If people can know the facts, if they can ex­ tion campaign ahead of us, a time of ab­ As deplorable as the race riots may be, we change ideas, if they can use words so that sorbing interest to this nation and to much of can speak proudly-and factually-of the there is a communication of thought--then the watching world. Information media in great progress that our country has made the peoples of the world may find under­ Communist China will report some aspects on civil rights in the last few years. standing. of this campaign, but from a distance of A Negro sits in the Cabinet of the United That is our best hope in this very troubled world. 9,000 miles. States. The President has appointed to the I say to the leaders in Peking: let your Supreme Court of the United States an out­ "Can we communicate in the 21st journalists come to this country to see how standing Negro lawyer. The people of Cleve­ Century?" Americans choose their President. We guar­ land and Gary have elected Negro Mayors. Certainly we can. Assuredly, we must. antee them full freedom to observe and re- The State of Massachusetts is proudly repre­ port the campaign. · sented in the U.S. Senate by Senator Edward I would like to make the following specific Brooke, a Negro, and the House of Repre­ RESULTS OF QUESTIONNAIRE proposal: sentatives has distinguished members of the 1. Let Communist China designate its lead­ same race. The people in the South, white ing journalists to visit the United States dur­ and black, have elected Negroes to local and HON. JOHN R. DELLENBACK ing the coming election campaign. state offices. Negroes today freely use public OF OREGON 2. The Voice of America will make prime places-restaurants, hotels, trains, buses­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES listening time available daily to these Chi­ that only a few years ago were closed to them. Monday, May 13, 1968 nese journalists for broadcasts to their We are not a perfect society, but we strive homeland. for perfection. Mr. DELLENBACK. Mr. Speaker, I 3. In our tradition of free speech, we in In business and in social life there has have recently completed compiling the the United States will not attempt in any been great progress. We have achieved a state results of my second districtwide ques­ manner to censor these broadcasts. The Chi­ of freedom that no country in the history tionnaire sent to all residents of the nese can express themselves as they wish in of civilization can match. We h ave achieved any language. the right for the individual to do as he Fourth Oregon Congressional District. 4. Hopefully this initial effort will lead to wishes, the right to enjoy life as he sees fit, Although I do not consider my ques­ further exchanges between our respective the right to a livelihood which has given tionnaire a scientific survey of public countries. We stand ready to discuss such him affluence on a scale unimaginable in opinion, I do regard it as a highly effec­ exchanges on a broad general basis or on other times and places. tive and very welcome means for me to specific points. These facts we tell to our neighbors learn how a good many Fourth District I do hope that this offer will be seriously overseas. residents think on some basic issues and considered by Peking and that it will be ac­ I would like to leave with you this final as an equally effective and welcome cepted. We would expect Chinese observers t hought: to be critical and to look for the worst; but means for them to express their views. We have made progress in the technology The enthusiastic response, to both last I am confident that any observer will find of communication that would have dwarfed in our election processes the true flavor of a the imagination of science-fiction writers year's questionnaire and again to this free society. only a few years ago. Miniaturization of in­ year's questionnaire, persuades me to We would hope that at least for the period formation into microfilm, electronic video re­ continue its distribution periodically. of the reports by their own correspondents, cordings, a world-wide circuit of satellites for With permission, I put the results of the rulers of mainland China would sus­ telecasting-these teohnological miracles are the questionnaire in the RECORD at this pend jamming. rapidly becoming commonplace. Those that point: I have a further request to make of the American Women in Radio and Television. [In percent) The Chinese journalists would need to turn to some group in the United States to arrange Do you favor- Yes No No answer their trip. I think it preferable that this not be our government, but rather an organiza­ tion of independent journalists. I know of no Action that would put a ceiling on log exports to Japan ?______73 19 8 Enactment of the President's 10-percent surtax after substantial cuts in Federal spending? ______29 59 12 group more appropriate than this distin­ Tighter controls on the sale by mail of firearmsL ------·------·-----·--·------61 35 4 guished audience to offer the Chinese visi­ Our Federal Government giving the people more rel iable information on what it is doing? ______88 6 6 tors generous American hospitality and pro­ In dealing with civil disorder- Stricter han dling by police and courts? ______81 12 7 fessional assistance in covering the campaign. Greater emphasis on curing slum problems? ______72 18 10 If Peking accepts my offer, I hope I can In connection with Vietnam- count on your help. Outright withdrawaL __ . ___ ·- __ . ______---- ______------______26 44 30 This evening I have described briefly the Halt to bombing of North Vietnam ______------______20 40 40 Negotiated settlement______·- ______------· --- ____ _ 59 12 29 programs of the U.S. Informat ion Agency. I Increased military effort_ ____ . ______. ______42 27 31 want to touch now on one additional aspect which people always ask about and which is central to our philosophy of operation. What is the policy of your government in PROPOSED EXPANSION OF was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, presenting its information programs to the NATIONAL AIRPORT as follows: rest of the world? Do we tell the truth? GOOD NEIGHBOR TO WHOM? I want to assure you that the answer is The Air Transport Association was very. unequivocally yes. HON. HARRY F. BYRD, JR. careful in announcing its master plan for the The day that the Voice of America began OF VIRGINIA Washington airports to say it was seeking its broadcasts in February 1942, the United IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES "the dual objectives of best serving the States was at war with Germany. The very traveling public and being a good neighbor first words uttered on the Voice of America Monday, May 13, 1968 were, "Daily at this time we shall speak to to the community." But its concept of neigh­ you about America and the war . The news Mr. BYRD of Virginia. Mr. President, borliness seems rather strange when the plan may be good or bad. We shall tell you the I ask unanimous consent to have printed urges that National Airport be expanded in truth." in the Extensions of Remarks an edi­ a way permitting it to handle the monster jets of the future and that the runways be That has been the touchstone ever since. torial entitled "Good Neighbor to Not only is this necessary in order to pre­ changed so some of the planes will disturb serve our moral position but it's very prac­ Whom?" published in the Washington those who live along the An.acostia River in­ tical. People say to me, "Did you broadcast Post of May 13, 1968. stead of those who Hve in Georgetown. the story of riots in American cities follow- There being no objection, the editorial Under the plan, of course, a new terminal 13042 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 1.3, 1968 would have to be built at National and park­ Not only the student who defied the rules contains an article concerning an ad­ ing spaces would have to be tripled, since and regulations of the school but also his dress delivered in Tuskegee, Ala., by Dr. the airport would be handling more than parents were informed by registered mail Benjamin Mays, president emeritus of twice as many people in 1975 as it did in of the expulsion. If the family moved to 1965. A new runway would have to be added another town, the reputation of the ex­ Morehouse College, in Atlanta. and an existing one expanded with part of pelled student as a bad actor was bound Dr. Mays, for decades a respected the construction sticking into the river. to follow him. And generally, with dire Negro educator and outstanding leader There would have to be, naturally, new access consequences. of the Negro community, told a gather­ roads. The cost would be well over $50 mil­ These hare-brained college students who ing at Tuskegee that Negroes should de­ lion. In the meantime, this organization of defy authority in institutions across the mand their rights through the courts, airlines says, the growth of Dulles would country cry out for an overdose of expul­ continue and 10 years from now it might sion medicine. But the people in charge of and not through rioting, looting, and begin to be almost as busy as National. these knowledge factories, apparently, are burning. Equally important, he stated If the airline industry could get one simple afraid to apply the ancient cure. that solutions to race problems can be idea implanted in its collective mind, Wash­ This business of trying to reason with found in training the unskilled and in ington's problems with air transportation overgrown kids who have no sense has gone securing jobs for the unemployed. I would be suddenly simplified. That simple too far for the good of the affected schools. heartily concur in these observations and idea is that National Airport is not a fit A flagrant case in point is Columbia Uni­ commend them to the attention of rea­ place for a major terminal in the jet age. The versity in New York. Here students have noise, the dirt, and the safety problems of gone to the extreme of taking over the sonable men of both races, both white having jet planes landing in the middle of President's office and indulging in a sit-in and Negro, in these most difficult times. a city cannot be tolerated. The greatest mis­ spree. If you think this is an outrage on a It was my privilege to speak in Atlanta take that has been made was letting the great university, scratch your head and on April 27 on the need for more jobs first jet land at National because this en­ ponder the alumni and faculty members and more job training as the best answer couraged the airlines to plan on bringing who have engaged counsel to ask for a Fed­ to the social and economic problems con­ more and bigger jets there. eral injunction to prevent disciplinary fronting millions of our people today. As This master plan by the airlines is a mas­ action against the rampaging students. I sive disappointment. The real task is to fig­ Last week the university finally felt called stated at that time, all manner of pro­ ure out how to transfer the tramc from Na­ upon to summon in the city police to oust posals have been put forth as the an­ ttonal to Dulles. On this the plan is silent. the sit-inners. The trouble grew out of a uni­ swer to these problems, including better But since the airlines insist on binding them­ versity plan to construct a gymnasium on a communications between the races, bet­ selves to the fundamental objection to Na­ site adjacent to Harlem. The students com­ ter housing, improved police protection tional, the silence is understandable. What plained the structure would destroy a play and service, and a more workable wel­ is not understandable is why the airlines are field for the kids in that area. fare program, to name just a few. All of so intent on flying jets through the bedrooms Dr. Grayson Kirk, the University President, these are important and do have some and yards of so many people. Maybe the air­ said legal action would be taken against per­ line executives have become so immune to sons found to have removed important part to play in the improvement of our noise and dirt and danger that they don't papers from his office during the sit-in. society. know that some people still care. A sit-in at Roosevelt University in Chicago But I submit that the best solutions had as its root trouble the refusal of author­ and the most important solutions can be ities there to provide a full-time job for Prof. found in education, in job training, in THE GOOD OLD CURE FOR PHONY Staughton R. Lynd. A former member of the the creation of more jobs, and in more "PUPILS" Yale faculty, Lynd defied an order of the United States by traveling in Vietnam and people who are ready, willing, and able China without proper permit. So, you see, an to fill these jobs. HON. GEORGE A. GOODLING order by the State Department means noth­ I ask unanimous consent that the OF PENNSYLVANIA ing to these overgrown children attending article be printed in the Extensions of institutions of higher learning. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Remarks. In California, Stanford University students There being no objection, the article Monday, May 13, 1968 some 400 of the breed, have engaged in a sit-in protesting the suspension of seven was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, Mr. GOODLING. Mr. Speaker, on May scholars who were fired in November for as follows: 2 I addressed the House of Representa­ demonstrating against campus recruitment COURTS, NOT RIOTS, MAYS ADVISEs--MORE­ tives and expressed my dismay over the by the Central Intelligence Agency. HOUSE PRESIDENT GIVES ADDRESS AT Tus­ student disorders on our campuses. At Temple University, to come closer to home, KEGEE that time I mentioned as follows: had a sit-in going as part of a demand for a TusKEGEE, ALA.-Negroes must demand These disruptions on the campus are be­ louder voice in formulating the institution's their rights through the courts, not through ing carried out by an antagonistic and can­ policy. rioting, looting and burning, Dr. Benjainin tankerous minority student element that is This is another case of the tail attempting Mays, president emeritus of Morehouse Col­ completely devoid of a sense of propriety and to wag the dog. These students, like their lege, said in a recent speech at Tuskegee In­ respect for the rights of others. These ram­ counterparts elsewhere, entered the univer­ stitute. bunctious malcontents seem to forget that sity fully aware of the rules and regulations. Dr. Mays, delivering the keynote address as they have a right to a formal education, Only a small group of Temple students was at the John A. Kenney Memorial Banquet, so do they have a responsiblllty • • • to involved. Mitten Hall, where the juveniles defined his concepts of "black power and their university, to the university faculty, to were encamped, was closed for the night. white power" in his speech. their fellow students, and to our society. Arguing with these students, whether they "Power is the ability to formulate goals Something has to be done to discontinue this be in Temple or Stanford, is a thankless job. and objectives, the ability to achieve goals disgrace to America caused by an unruly It's like contesting with a bad-tempered and objectives, or the ability of one to do minority student element. child for the possession of a piece of candy. what he wants to do without goals and ob~ Expulsion is the proper cure. For the bene­ jectives," he said. Mr. Speaker, John M. Cummings has-­ fit of the men or women in charge, the word "When you talk about white power," Dr. in an article appearing in the editorial is spelled "expulsion." Throw them out and Mays said, "you are talking about 90 per section of the Philadelphia Inquirer of keep them out. There is plenty of work to be cent of the population that has 99 per cent May 13, 1968-recommended a solution done. The want ads cry out for lads who can't of the wealth and shapes the policies in for this problem of student disorders, and behave themselves and for gals who would government." make good dishwashers when their days as He contrasted black power as the 10 per because of its unique and practical na­ oollege disturbers are ended permanently. cent of the population freed 100 years ago ture, I insert it into the RECORD for the without money, land or education. Defining attention of my colleagues. The article black power in part as "competence in your follows: COMMENT ON CONCEPTS OF BLACK chosen field," he gave as examples Willie Mays THE GOOD OLD CURE FOR PHONY "PUPILS" POWER AND WHITE POWER in baseball and Macon County, Ala., Sheriff (By John M. Cummings) Lucius Anderson. Solutions to racial problems, Dr. Mays said, It so happens, friends and fellow travelers, HON. HERMAN E. TALMADGE lie in training the unskilled and in Jobs for we are old enough to remember when a OF GEORGIA piece of birch was used as a punitive device the unemployed. , in the public, and perhaps, private schools. IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES The banquet was part of the 56th annual meeting of the John A. Andrew Clinica.l So­ Moreover, when the principal of a school, Monday, May 13, 1968 or the superintendent of the district, issued ciety which brought together some of an expulsion order, the scholar named was Mr. TALMADGE. Mr. President, the the nation's leading medical authorities to banned from attending classes. Atlanta Constitution of May 10, 1968, the campus of Tuskegee Institute. May 1.3, 1968 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 13043 SGT. RICHARD W. BASKIN, U.S. MORE UNFILLED JOBS THAN dustries are discovering advantages in locat­ MARINE CORPS, RECIPIENT OF UNEMPLOYED PEOPLE? ing outside the big cities. Also, many com­ NAVY CROSS MEDAL panies experience fewer changes in personnel when their plants are in the less-populated HON. GEORGE D. AIKEN sections. People in business and the profes­ OF VERMONT sions often prefer such areas because living HON. WILLIAM T. CAHILL conditions and access to recreational facil­ OF NEW JERSEY [N THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STA'rES ities are much better outside th~n in the city. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Monday, May 13, 1968 It becomes necessary, therefore, to provide a means whereby segments of the population Monday, May 13, 1968 Mr. AIKEN. Mr. President, I ask unan­ can move to localities in which jobs are avail­ Mr. CAHILL. Mr. Speaker, I have the imous consent to have printed in the able. This could be considered a govern­ distinct privilege and great honor of RECORD an article entitled "More Un­ mental obligation. It would cost only a rela­ filled Jobs Than Unemployed People?" tively small sum to set up a system for as­ representing an outstanding young citi­ certaining the qualifications of the idle per­ zen, Marine Sgt. Richard W. Baskin, a written by David Lawrence, and pub­ & sons in the big cities and training them for resident of the Sixth Congressional lished in U.S. News World Report of jobs elsewhere. District. May 20, 1968. Thirty-eight per cent of the nation's popu­ Last Saturday, the citizens of Pal­ There 'Qeing no objection, the article lation-or approximately 76 million persons­ myra, N.J., gathered at Palmyra High was ordered to be printed in the.RECORD, live in the 30 U.S. cities with a population of School to pay tribute and honor to Ser­ as follows: more than a million in each of their metro­ geant Baskin who was presented with MORE UNFILLED JOBS THAN UNEMPLOYED politan areas. Yet these same cities occupy PEOPLE? only three per cent of the land in continental the Navy Cross Medal, our Nation's sec­ United States. So there is plenty of room for ond highest award, for heroic actions in (By David Lawrence) the relocation of people and businesses. It is Vietnam. His citation from the President There is a strange paradox in America to­ logical to concentrate on filling the surplus of the United St-ates reads as follows: day. The emphasis is on poverty, "ghettos" of jobs that is being steadily created outside and jobless persons. But there are at present WASHINGTON, D.C. the big cities. probably more jobs available in the United The nation's slums should, of course, be The President of the United States takes States that remain unfilled than ever before pleasure in presenting the Navy Gross to Sgt. eradicated. But the expenditure of billions in our history. for better housing conditions in these areas Richard W. Baskin, U.S. Marine Corps, for The New York Times on May 6 had a head­ service as set forth in the following will not provide jobs for the idle living in line on its front page which read as follows: them. The better answer is for the unem­ CITATION "20,000 Jobs Go Begging in City While 135,- ployed to go where the work is. For extraordinary heroism as Squad Lead­ 000 Are Unemployed." The reason given in Instead of spending money indefinitely for er, First Squad while serving with Security the article is that "the available jobs and the "relief," it would be far less expensive for the Platoon, Sub Unit #1, Headquarters Com­ available workers do not fit each other, so Federal Government to set up an efficient pany, 26th Marines, 9th Marine Amphibious the bare fact of creating more jobs will not system to aid the unemployed in the United Brigade near Khe Sanh, Republic of Vietnam necessarily absorb the unemployed." States. This would help not only the jobless on 6 June 1967. Sergeant Baskin with seven­ A glance at the "help wanted" pages in but the many companies in almost every part teen men was responsible for security of the many other cities also shows that day after of the country which are in need of employes. vital radio relay position on Hill 950 near day the search even for unskilled labor does Unfilled jobs in America today evidently are Khe Sanh, when in the early morning hours not always yield results. Numerous families more numerous than the unemployed men the position was suddenly attacked by a nine­ seeking domestic help have given up hope and women who are capable and willing to ty man enemy company employing mortars, of finding employes through the ad columns work. rocket launchers, machine guns and gren­ of the newspapers or by other means. ades. Six men were immediately killed and If Uncle Sam could somehow organize a four others seriously wounded. Sergeant Bas­ national employment system, it would help TAKE THE UNITED STATES OUT OF kin directed that artillery fire be called in to fill some of the jobs. It would not, how­ and quickly organized his men, positioning ever, solve the unemployment problem. This THE U.S. TRAVEL SERVICE them in the most advantageous positions to is because many people do not wish to go to return a heavy volume of fire upon the enemy other cities or towns to get jobs. Still others and effectively block enemy penetration. refuse to take work which they don't like. HON. THOMAS B. CURTIS Throughout the night, although painfully But the fact is that the jobs are not being OF MISSOURI wounded, Sergeant Baskin, with complete filled, and it is the Government's duty to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES disregard for his personal safety exposed him­ make sure that the idle conscientiously en­ self continuously to enemy machine gun fire deavor to fit themselves into jobs before the Monday, May 13, 1968 located only fifteen yards from his position. dole or other forms of relief are introduced. Shouting encouragement to his men, he led First of all, the federal employment service Mr. CURTIS. Mr. Speaker, I recently them on several occasions to positions that ought to be enlarged and employers encour­ had the pleasure of preparing a guest blocked enemy attempts to outflank and aged to file data on their needs with the editorial for the April 29, 1968, issue of overrun the position. After over seven hours federal and State agencies located in many Travel Trade magazine on the subject of close and continuous combat, during which cities. Also, the Government could supply "Take the United States Out of the U.S. time he tended the wounded and assembled training facilities and encourage private in­ Travel Service." all available weapons, Sergeant Baskin led dustry to organize special agencies to ana­ In this editorial I suggest that the his remaining men in a fierce counterattack lyze the skills and capacities of individual which overran an enemy machine gun em­ applicants in order to determine the work way to promote travel by foreigners to placement, killing one enemy and capturing for which they are best fitted. the United States is not to give more another. This last attack resulted in the The U.S. Department of Labor, in the money to the U.S. Travel Service, but enemy fleeing, carrying some of their dead figures given to the press on May 8, says rather to have the private travel industry and wounded. Sergeant Baskin, then con­ that the nation's unemployment rate in take the lead. solidated the position and directed the evacu­ April was at its lowest level since the Korean The private travel industry knows ation of the dead and wounded before he War-namely, 3.5 per cent, which means what motivates people to travel and can himself was evacuated. As a result of his about 2,500,000 people. But analysis of the attract tourists to the United States in dauntless leadership, Sergeant Baskin and figures in 100 metropolitan areas reveals that his men inflicted great damage on the enemy in the poorest neighborhoods the unemploy­ greater numbers and at lower cost. The who left ten of their dead and one wounded. ment rates were high-Negroes at 8.7 per travel industry is already spending many Sergeant Baskin's bold initiative, exceptional cent and whites at 5.7 per cent. In the better times the USTS annual budget to pro­ fortitude and valiant fighting spirit served neighborhoods, the nonwhite jobless rate was mote travel to the United States. More to inspire all who observed him and upheld 6.5 per cent. of this type of spending would promote the highest traditions of the Marine Corps The biggest unemployment rate of all is increased tourist travel to this country and the United States Naval Service. found among teenagers. In metropolitan much faster than could more Govern­ PAUL R. IGNATIUS, areas with populations of more than 250,000, ment spending which is unrelated to the Secr etary of the Navy, there were 292,000 whites and 110,000 non­ (For the President). whites between 16 and 19 years of age who profit motive and therefore less result were without jobs during the first quarter of oriented. Mr. Speaker, Mrs. Cahill joins me in this year. An organized effort throughout the The USTS and the Government can extending congratulations and best country to find jobs for teenagers is essential. do useful work by reducing the redtape wishes to Sergeant Baskin and his family. It happens that more businesses and in- over visas and customs which serve as 13044 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 13, 1968 a real hindrance to foreigners visiting ment-sponsored, owned and operated bu­ limited possibilities. (There is no reason for our country. But let the private sector reau. Don't you really believe that the travel a man who wants to work not to get along have the responsibility for promoting industry could do a better job and do it more in this country.) It is obvious that America efficiently with greater results and less ex­ has a high living standard which is about private travel to the United States. My pense? nine years ahead of the living standard in remarks follow: I urge you-take the U.S. out of the U.S. Western Europe, more than ten years ahead TAKE THE UNITED STATES OUT OF THE U.S. Travel Service and put yourselves into it by of Eastern Europe, and many more years TRAVEL SERVICE working to create a privately owned and ahead of Africa, Asia or South America. (By Representative THOMAS B. CURTIS) operated travel service, helped but not con­ What are all the good things which a By now most members of the U.S. travel trolled by the U.S. government. An open person would like to become an American industry should be well aware of the fact public hearing with travel industry repre­ citizen for? that I have staunchly supported your posi­ sentation, similar to that made before the When immigrants from countries all over tion against the proposed Travel Expenditure Ways and Means Committee when the Travel the world came to America they wanted Tax during the recent hearings before the Expenditure Tax was under discussion, could to have freedom, to have a democracy. They House Ways and Means Cominittee. I did not produce positive results along the lines I have suffered very much for this but they reached feel that a restriction on the traditional free­ been suggesting-results which the travel their aim. The democratic government of the dom of Americans to travel abroad was war­ industry and the nation would indeed find United States of America has one of the ranted, nor did I believe that the Treasury profitable. best constitutions a country has or has ever Department's suggested travel limitations had. This constitution provides for everything: would significantly affect our nation's gold WHY 'FO BE AN AMERICAN CITI­ drain problems. For proper elections of government officials, It may therefore come as a considerable ZEN?-ESSAY BY PETER AST for dividing the power a government has, surprise to you to learn that while support­ for the preservation of the government ing your position on the one hand I am very through the system of checks and balances, definitely opposed to increasing the funds HON. JOHN G. TOWER and finally for the good relation between made available by the U.S. government to the OF TEXAS the Federal government and the state U.S. Travel Service. Many of the speakers in IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES governments. opposition to the Travel Expenditure Tax Besides this, the Constitution is written suggested that more money be given to the Monday, May 13, 1968 in a way that makes it possible that it can U.S. Travel Service--one fellow even urged Mr. TOWER. Mr. President, Mr. L. D. always get corrected and can get righteous giving them a 50-million dollar appropria­ to the needs of every century and every new tion-all this in the belief that by giving "Red" Webster, a vice president of Lone position the United States is in. additional funds our n ation could attract Star Steel Co., of Da.Ilas, has invited my All this is a matter which freedom has more foreign visitors and thereby close the attention to an essay entitled "Why To very much to do with. In perhaps 60 % to travel dollar gap. Be an American Citizen?" written by 70% of all countries today, citizens are not I am anxious to close that travel dollar a young German boy. I believe that all allowed to express their opinions. Here in gap just as quickly as possible and that is Senators will be deeply interested in and America, though, every citizen has the right why I would like to see our country's efforts moved by this youngster's thoughts. I (or even the duty) to express his opinion. in this direction properly guided-and by ask unanimous consent that the essay be They can do it in founding a new party, that I do not mean by giving more money or an interest group, in participating in an to the U.S. Travel Service. If you gave them printed in the Extensions of Remarks. interest group, in giving speeches, or writing more money they wouldn't know what to There being no objection, the essay was to newspapers. do with it and if you then sat back and ex­ ordered to be printed in the RECORD, as This right of expressing his own opinion pected some people in Washington to do the follows~ is very important and vital to a. free society. job for you, you would soon find out that it A GERMAN YOUNGSTER SPEAKS: "WHY To BE Besides the freedom of speech, an Amer­ was not being done at all. AN AMERICAN CITIZEN?" ican citizen has the freedom of religion Nobody in Congress really knows what which is oppressed in many other countries. the USTS is supposed to do. It was estab­ What would a normal European answer if you would ask him what he thinks of Another outstanding adva ntage the United lished by the Interstate and Foreign Com­ States has is the economy: America is merce Committee in 1962 but there has America? "America? Well, this country is this far blessed with natural resources, gold, silver, never been any research done to determine copper, tin, coal, oil, water, soil all resources the exact areas in which the service should away. It is one of the two world powers, but I think even stronger than Russia. It is a a country needs. function. Since its creation the Travel Serv­ Since the beginning of the United States ice has never requested an open hearing vast country. I heard even bigger than all the countries of Western Europe together. the system of free enterprise was favored. before the committee of authorization to help Therefore, a strong economic life could be define its true purpose, functions and iden­ It is very much industrialized, the people earn much. They own big cars and houses. developed and an industry built up. Ameri­ tity. The Travel Service simply comes before ca, today, is one of the most industrialized the House Appropriations Committee each This country is the modern one in the whole world, and it is the land of unlimited possi­ countries in the world. In no other country year to ask for more money. The job of the is it possible to lend or borrow money as Appropriations Committee is to determine bilities." Is it, therefore, that every year ten thou­ easy as here. In no other country a citizen whether the funds previously allocated were can get credit as easy as here. In no other properly spent--it is not its function to al­ sand of Europeans go to the United States low more monies to an agency which has in order to live here and to become citizens country is the relation between wages and never established a purposeful policy toward of the USA? prices as good as in the United States. which additional funds might be directed. Why did all the millions of immigrants It is, therefore, evident that life in this come to America during the last few hun­ country is easier than in any other country. I believe the private sector of the econ­ Related to the subject of welfare is the omy-within the travel industry-should dred years? be primarily responsible for our country's One of the reasons was the attraction to subject of education. efforts to bring more foreign visitors to our go to a new unexplored country. Nowhere in the world does every child shores. You are the people who know travel Another reason was that the immigrants have to go to school for at least ten years. best, who know what motivates other people heard in their home countries how wonder­ Nowhere as many and as modern schools are to travel and who know what means should ful this new country was and how fast a man built as here. The teachers are well trained, be pursued to attract more foreign visitors­ could get rich. and the teaching methods modern. in the greatest numbers and at the lowest But the main reason was the word "free­ Every student with a high school diploma cost. dom." "Freedom," a word which was neglect­ can go on to a University, and if he is a Oh, I agree that the government has a ed in almost all other countries all over the good student, can get a scholarship. role to play and can help to eliminate a lot world. (When on July 2, 1776, the United There is no other country in the world of red tape problems over visas and customs States of America were formed, there were which gives all the school books to every &tu­ and the like, and possibly can act as a sort only a few other republics, like Genoa, Ven­ dent and doesn't ask for a school fee. of catalyst to bring the private sector to­ ice, Switzerland, Andorra, San Marino, and Every year many good scientists from all gether, but I am confident that you, within The Netherlands.) The other countries had over the world come to America in order to the travel industry, can do the best possible as governments dictators, kings, emperors, study here, to teach here, or perhaps to stay advertising and promotional job and should sultans, and other undemocratical systems. here. Why? The government provides for be handling this aspect of the overall Visit There was always the "magic" opened modern and excellent science centers. No­ USA program. door, opened for everybody. And millions of where as much money is spent for scientific Private capital within the travel industry people who were suppressed and persecuted examinations and experiments as in America. is already spending many times the USTS or were dissatisfied with their governments In our days government and policies are annual budget in its own efforts to develop could come and stay here. very much criticized, but only a few people Visit USA business. Why not coordinate your But why do the Europeans whose countries say one good word about it. I think that a efforts, pool your funds or a portion of now have about the same freedom as the quotation of Benjamin Franklin fits very them, get some money and some help from United States come here? good as this place. "When the well's dry, we the U.S. government but make this a private I think the strongest magnet which Amer­ know the worth of water." travel industry effort--not another govern- ica still has is the fame to be a land of un- Countries which had dictatorships or simi- May 13, 1968 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 13045 lar systems before, know now-as they have the Palm Springs Indian guardianship con­ carried further due to the lengthy proce­ democracies-how high the worth of a demo­ troversy. dures required for auditing each estate. cratic government is and how unpayable. The series was written by George Ringwald, Rep. John V. Tunney, D-Riverside, has Therefore, many American citizens have veteran reporter for the Press-Enterprise, and stated himself publicly in favor of abolishing to learn to appreciate their citizenship. was partly responsible for the pending con­ conservatorships, as presently established. He I guess I have to come back to freedom gressidnal investigation of the guardianship introduced one bill in the Rouse which would again. program and the investigation of the conduct have revised the current system. The bill has Voltaire: I disagree entirely with every­ of judges and attorneys by the state Com­ been opposed by the Agua Caliente Indians, thing you say, but I will defend to death mission on Judicial Qualifications. who say that they were not consulted in its your right to say it. Ringwald has been working on the series formulation. The greatest step toward freedom was tak­ full-time for more than a year. There have It has been reported through reliable en when in 1791 the ten amendments were been more than 100 articles in the series. sources that the state Commission on Judicial adopted and added to the Constitution of Except for the prize for meritorious pub­ Qualifications has also undertaken an in­ the United States. They were called the Bill lic services, which carries a gold medal, each vestigation of the manner in which the of Rights. of the awards was worth $1,000. Where the guardianship program has operated. In these ten amendments were granted: awards were shared, each recipient receives Conservators are court-appointed business Freedom of religion, freedom of speech, free­ $1,000. managers for adults and guardians act in the dom of publishing, freedom of assembling; The awards, first made in 1917, were estab­ same capacity for minor children of the Agua the right to be secure in person, house, and lished in the will of Joseph Pulitzer, founder Caliente band of Indians. all properties, the right not to be searched of the St. Louis Post-Dispatch and publisher or seized unreasonably, the right to be of the old New York World. He died in 1911. [From the Riverside (Calif.) Daily Enter­ judged fairly and to get a speedy and public The Press-Enterprise's award was made prise, May 7, 1968] trial, and at least the right to have a defense for articles which led to an investigation of WAs Busy oN A LoNELY JoB WHEN WoRD before a trial. charges of misconduct and financial en­ CAME What could be worthier than these amend­ hancement of some judges concerned with (By Garuand Gr11fin) ments? Even with all his materialism and Indian estates. without these rights, who would try to get The affected tribe, the Agua Galientes, Reporter George Ringwald was busy yester­ away from persecution and flee to America? numbers about 100 members, who own some day morning, on a lonely job, doing whaJt he The sharpest menace to freedom probably 28,000 acres in and around Palm Springs esti­ mostly has been doing for the past year, arises in time of war. Who would not like mated to be worth $50 million. when they called him from the office and told to live in a country like the USA which is The first stories appeared on May 20, 19157. him we'd won a Pulitzer Prlze. the strongest country in the world? Who They coincided with a public announcement He was mulling through the files at the would not feel himself secure in it? I mean that the conservatorship-guardianship pro­ branch courthouse at Indio, piecing together that every American citizen should be very gram was being investigated by the Depart­ another story of an Agua caliente Indian who proud of his status. ment of the Interior. Concurrently, fees to was supposed to be weal thy but wasn't. But he should remind himself very often guardians and conservators were stopped, They told him on the phone maybe he'd better, in vi·ew of the Pulitzer Prize, knock it of this and then think about the citizens pending ~he findings of the department's in­ vestigation. off for the rest of the day and come back of other countries, especially of the under­ to the office in Riverside. developed ones. The Press-Enterprise has conducted an in­ Then the Associated Press called from New The American Citizen doesn't only have vestigation of the program independently of Y.ork before he coUld get out of the Indio the luck and right to live in such a wonder­ the government's probe. So far 107 articles Courthouse and interviewed him ~or some­ ful country, but he also has the task of try­ have been printed on the controversy. thing called audio report. He'd never heard of ing to improve the conditions in other coun­ A congressional hearing is schedUled for it before. tries and always to help democracy and free­ May 31. Back at the office there was a long, large dom all over the world whenever these ideals Ringwald, 44, has been a reporter for the banner of wrapping paper stripped across the are endangered. Press-Enterprise since 1948. He was born in newsroom wall proclaiming "George Ring­ St. Lou1s, and attended Colorado State Uni­ wald ... we love you!" versity. There was considerable ex,cLtement in a During World War II he served in the in­ normally unperturooble newsroom. PULITZER PRIZE AWARDED THE fan try. After the war he tried an acting There were several telegrams of congratu­ PRESS-ENTERPRISE career on Broadway, then came to Riverside. lations. During his career with the Press-Enter­ There was one from Gov. Ronald Reagan: prise he served as chief of the Banning and "Congratulations to you and your news­ Palm Springs bureaus, and as a police re­ paper," it said. "The Pulitzer Prize for meri­ HON. JOHN V. TUNNEY porter. OF CALIFORNIA torious public service is an award that is giv­ In 1965 he was an exchange reporter for en for only the moot ddsltinguished examples IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES a newspaper in Sendai, Japan, Riveml.de's of reporting. Your selection for this coveted Monday, May 13, 1968 sister city. prize brings credit not only to you and your The series of stories on the Palm Springs newspaper but also all Californians. This is Mr. TUNNEY. Mr. Speaker, the Press­ Indian situation won strong support from another e~ample of California leading the Enterprise in Riverside, Calif., has won the Press-Enterprise's editorial page. nation." the Pulitizer Prize for meritorious public Editor and co-publisher of the Press-En­ There was one from Frank Tremaine, gen­ service for a series of articles dealing terprise is Howard H Hays Jr. eral manager of United Press International with the administration of the property After the final report of the Department which said: and estates of the Agua Caliente Indians of Interior task force, the paper called for "Cheers and sincere congr.rutulations." further congressional investigation and for United Press International was on the in Palm Springs, Calif. an active address to problems of judicial and phone to interview hdm. I salute Mr. Tim Hayes, publisher, and legal ethics involved by "the appropriate Pretty soon an NBC television crew rolled Mr. Norman Cherniss, editor, for the committees of the state a.nd county bar as­ in and set up a lot of lights and cameras, Press-Enterprise's policy of going be­ sociations." The editorial also stressed a and they interviewed him. yond the duty of printing just the news; "need for restitution of unconscionable George Ringwald was a little nervous and and I commend Mr. George Ringwald, profits made from the management of In­ flustered. the reporter who--week after week in his dian affairs." He'd intervlewea thousands of people, all Editor of the editorial page and associate kinds of people, since he'd been a news hand. articles-endeavored to present all of the editoT of the Press-Enterprise is Norman A. truth to the public. But no one had ever interviewed him before. Cherniss. He said on TV that his job wasn't finished. I am very proud to have the Press­ The Department of Interior has issued two There was a lot more work and a lot more Enterprtse in the 38th Distrtct and to be reports on its investigation. research and reporting and writing to do on able to put in the RECORD the following One, issued in October, leveled charges of the matter of the Palm Springs Indians and announcements of the awarding of the "questionable conduct at three Riverside their guardians and conservators before it Pulitizer Prize to the Press-Enterprise county judges and one attorney, all closely would be finished. which appeared on the front page of the associated with the guardianship program." He said he thought it was a fine thing to May 6 and 7 editions of the paper: A second, made public in April, charged work for a newspaper that would turn him that the program. had been costly to the In­ loose on such an assignment and support [From the Riverside (Calif.) Press, dians, both economically and in human what he found out. May 6, 1968] values. Actually, George Ringwald has never PRESS-ENTERPRISE WINS PULITZER PRIZE The Interior Department has said that its worked for any other newspaper except the NEW YoRK.-The Rivers,lde Press-Enterprise investigation into what one judge has re­ Press Enterprise. today was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for ferred to as the "can of worms" of the con­ Now 44, he came to Riverside shortly after meritorious public service for its series on servator-guardianship program will not be World War II to join an old Infantry friend, 13046 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS }}Jay 13, 1968 Gordon Wilson, then a reporter, now Enter­ just eliminate the running and award the bar in the establishments purveying al­ prise news editor. He and Wilson had been the prizes indiscriminately. coholic beverages. It was usually abundant, together in training camps and through often of good quality, and the privilege of I say I am tempted to call it fantasy, tucking into it cost a minimum of one drink France and The Bulge. Mr. President, until I look back at some After the war Ringwald had tried all sorts at the bar. Even so, "free" did not mean of things. Radio announcing. Managing a of the things labor bosses were dreaming without cost, for this was obviously recouped ten-cent store. Acting on Broadway. about 30 years ago and see how many by the proprietor in his bar sales. The dis­ He seemed to find his niche as a reporter. of them are with us in the form of legal proportion between available supply and cost At first he was a police reporter for The regulations. I think it is a serious mis­ to the consumer provided the appearance, if Press, then went to Palm Springs as bureau take to underestimate Mr. Reuther and not the reality, of a free lunch. chief for the Daily Enterprise from 1955 to his plan to "socialize" America; because From the dawn of history men have 1960. He left the Press-Enterprise for two drea.med of an earthly existence in which all that is what those proposals would do if wants would be provided for without work. years in 1960 to become editor of Palm they ever became law. Springs Life magazine. The story of Adam and Eve in the Garden of Then he came back to be a general assign­ Of course, it is hard to be "against" a Eden is the earliest example of such wishful ment reporter for the Enterprise and do a job, or a good house in a good neigh­ thinking. The story has its Epecial meaning lot of things. borhood, and all the rest. No one in for theologians and philosophers, but it also One of them was going to the Kahoku Washington, so far as I know. is really has an economic moral. It is that mankind Shimpo in Sendai, Japan, Riverside's sister against those things. But it is typical of never had a chance of existing on this planet city, as an exchange reporter in 1965. He the "nonthink" popular today to suppose without working for food, shelter and all else prepared for that like he prepares for a lot that wealth, or health, or well-being can called for by expanding wants. Until the in­ of his assignments, by working and research. dustrial revolution ushered in the era of He began reading about Japan and study­ be produced by simple Government edict. labor-saving devices and techniques, produc­ ing the Japanese language. It's not an easy Shakespeare put it most succinctly tion involved unremitting, backbreaking toil, language for westerners, but he mastered it when his character of King Henry V which may account for the view that the pretty well. muses to himself: decree of expulsion from Eden-getting food When he got his vacation the following Canst thou, when thou command'st the (and all else) by sweating for it-was a curse. year he went back to Japan, without telling beggar's knee, command the health of it? This decree reflected the simplicity of the anyone, and came home with a Japanese original distribution of wealth. Each man was bride. There are simply some things that are to work for his subsistence, and each owned He and Kimiko now live in Banning with beyond the guarantee of man, or man­ and was free to enjoy what he had produced. their new son, George Alexander. made laws. Adam Smith put it in these words: "In that During his years at Palm Springs and in Dr. Harley L. Lutz, profe::;sor emeritus original state of things which precedes the the years since, George Ringwald has won appropriation of land and the accumulation many awards and prizes. of Princeton School of Public Finances, of stock (capital), the whole produce of There was the Headliners Club award in wrote a singularly perceptive editorial labour belonged to the labourer. He has 1964 for the series he did on restaurant for the Wall Street Journal that was neither landlord nor master to share with grading. published on the same day as th~ UA W's him." The work he's done on the Indian con­ pie-in-the-sky amendments. In it, he PROBLEMS STILL HERE servator-guardian pTogram has already done points out that-- That original state of things, in which the well this year. It won a special editorial cita­ produce of labor would have been very mea­ tion in the California Newspaper Publishers Everything man needs and wants has a cost of production that must be met. ger, was followed by developments that in­ Association judging. Later it won the same troduced other claimants to a share of the sort of editorial citation from the Twin That is to say that everything costs product. The problems of distribution that Counties Press Club and was singled out for somebody something. When Mr. Reuther emerged are still With us. an award by the American Political Science Association for public affairs reporting. and his lieutenants say that-- The dictum about no free lunch merely And there have been other awards. He can't The country now has the affiuence to guar­ asserts that everything man needs and wants even remember all of them. antee these rights. has a cost of production that must be met if But a Pulitzer is different. It only goes to the flow of goods and services is to continue. a very few people. What they are actually saying is that It does not deny that some can live without He'll never top that one, and he won't some of the taxpayers can be taxed still working, nor does it resolve the distributional worry about trying to. further to provide these guarantees. problem of cost apportionment in relation to He'll just go back to work today, alone in Mr. President, I am certainly not for the gains or benefits from production. Illus­ the clerk's files in the courthouse at Indio. people being poor. Nobody is. Neither trative of the answers proposed are such Such research is a lonely job. slogans as "Production for use, not profit," am I for guaranteeing someone a living and "To each according to his need." who is not willing to work, not willing As an oversimplified formula for equit able to make the most of his opportunities. solution of the problem the following is pro­ If someone is unable to work, that is an posed: The distribution of wealth and income UAW'S PIE IN THE SKY entirely different matter. should be on such terms as would best pro­ We must begin to use our brains in mote the optimum increase in productive HON. PAUL J. FANNIN this country. Nobody-absolutely no­ resources, secure maximum utilization of re­ body-can guarantee the promises made sources in production and provide to each OF ARIZONA in this account. Dr. Thomas Matthew productive factor a share of the product rea­ IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES sonably approximate to the contribution of made a statement the other day to a each to output. Monday, May 13, 1968 group made up of members of his own The above objectives of an acceptable dis­ Mr. FANNIN. Mr. President, it has Negro race. He said: tributional system would leave no room for a been widely reported in the press that Our grandparents had a guaranteed an­ free lunch, that is, for a gain or benefit not nual wage--they called it slavery. paid for, or not adequately offset by a contri­ the United Auto Workers of America are bution to product. Unfortunately, from var­ much interested in amending the Consti­ Let us begin again to think about these ious directions there is interference With ac­ tution. The big union, under the leader­ issues rather than yield to the siren call cumulation, with utilization, and above all, ship of Walter Reuther, met in conven­ of the nonthinkers, the pie in the skyers, with apportionment of income. There is a tion last week at Atlantic City to con­ when they promise the impossible. constant struggle for a larger slice of pie sider a proposed set of constitutional Mr. President, I ask that the two ar­ eV'en though we turn out a bigger pie evm-y amendments guaranteeing: Jobs, min­ ticles, from which I have quoted, be year. In consequence, there are opportunities for sOIIIle to get a f·ree lunch, which in es­ imum wages, annual income, cradle-to­ printed at this point in the RECORD. grave medical care, a good house in a sence means getting something for IllOthing There being no objection, the articles or for less than a proper equivalent. Some il­ good neighborhood, and free education were ordered to be printed in the REcORD, lustr-ations of these opportunities are dis­ through the first 2 years of college. as follows: cussed below. Mr. President, I suggest that that is [From the Wall Street Journal, May 8, 1968] Th.e Robin Hood meth·od. The legendary quite a package. I am tempted to call it FREE LUNCH? IT STILL DOESN'T EXIST Robin Hood will serve here as representa­ a bundle of dreams and bid Mr. Reuther tive of that large group which seeks to re­ and friends a speedy return from their (By Harley L. Lutz) distribUJte wealth and income by force, un­ A wisecrack often heard some years ago scrupulous cunning or other me.thods not excursion into "Wonderland." I suggest purported to sum up all economic theory and approved by society. A substantial, perhaps that it is somewhat like Lewis Carroll's wisdom in the observation, "There is no such a groWing, part of the expanding crime wave famous "Caucus Race," where every­ thing as a free lunch." In the pre-prohibition consists of depredations against property, body runs and everybody wins a prize. days the term "free lunch" referred to the with the "take" mounting into many mil­ Mr. Reuther and company, however, will repast almost universally found at one end of lions annually. These malefactors run the May 13, 1968 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 13047 risk of getting free meals at the expense of who want to work from entering a factory, rates, control of investments, continual the state, but this possib111ty has been some­ offi.ce or school building, and where "right­ harassment through burdensome regulations what reduced by the recent barriers to arrest to-work" laws make union membership un­ and mountains of paper work, a strong bias and conviction. necessary, peaceful persuasion can be a against business in its relations with orga­ The conflict over wages, prices, and profits. strong deterrent. The callous indifference of nized labor-these are some of the ways by This conflict occurs in the broad economic so-called labor leaders to the consequences which a Government that has arrogated to arena that produces the immense flow of of a crippling strike for the economy, the itself the function of determining the dis­ goods and services destined for support of school children or the health and safety of tribution of wealth and income is hindering the people and the government. Since· ours the community is a prime instance of grab­ the most important action that can be taken is, in theory, an economic system of free, bing a free lunch-getting something for to relieve poverty, diminish discontent, and private, capitalistic enterprise, its dominant one's self at the cost of loss; inconvenience promote the general wellbeing. oharacteristic is coan.petition. or even suffering on the part of thousands More free lunch will not achieve these re­ Produoors compete against each other for who are in no way party to the dispute. sults, but more freedom for the private econ­ markets and sales volume; workers compete The Federal budget. The Federal budget omy to rediscover and live by the principles . against each other for jobs and higher pay; has become the outstanding example of a inherent in its nature will do it. consumers shop around for the best bargains. free lunch. Its benefactions are not provided Wage levels affect costs that, in turn, in­ by a squeeze play, as so often happens in CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHT TO JOB, HOME Is fluence prices and profit margins. The rel.a.­ the case of business-labor disputes. Rather, SOUGHT BY UAW tive contribution of labor, capital and man­ they are spread out in reach of everybody (By Frank C. Porter) agement to the final product is not deter­ with the consent and approval of the Con­ ATLANTIC CITY, May 7.-The United Auto minable by rigid mathematical formula.. It gress and a large proportion of the people. Workers leadership has proposed that the is, rather, a result Of opposing forces, and The popularity of the Federal budget's United States Constitution be amended to the outcome would be deemed inequitable free lunch is due to the provision in it of establish the right of all Americans to: only if the balance of advantage went too something for everybody, whether poor or A job. far in one direction or another. Thus exces­ rich, businessman or farmer, urban or rural, "A wage suffi.cient to support themselves sive wage costs would impair pro.flt margins state or city, college or grammer school, old and their fammes in decency and dignity in and tend to limit capital formation, or re­ or young, and of course without regard to accordance with the standards prevailing at duoe sales volume if passed along in higher race or color. A foreigner who might read all the time." prices. The best remedy for high profit is of the reports, messages, speeches, state A guaranteed annual income if they are high profit, for additional capital would move papers and other material in support of unable to work. in under the attraction of abnormal pro.fl. t Federal programs might very well conclude Cradle-to-grave medical care. return. A free, competitive economic system that virtually everybody in the nation needs "A good house in a good neighborhood." tends toward self-correction af extremes, Federal help and apparently is getting it in Free education through the first two years and henoe would provide few opportunities one way or another. More things are free to of college. for a sustained advantage that might be re­ more people, or are inadequately paid for by Entitled an "Economic Bill of Rights," the garded as a free lunch. them, than ever before in our history, and Constitutional guarantee would afford all However, despite lip service to competi­ there is no dearth of new programs to extend citizens redress through the courts if they tion, neither business nor labor likes it. this benevolence. felt they were denied any of these rights. Eaoh prefers to m-eet some sort of shelter FALSE DELICACY The proposal is in the form of a resolution behind which there would be a better chance The obligation of society to care for the at the UAM's 21st biennial convention here. of additional advantage. The immediate op­ Although it has not been acted upon by the ponent would be the other party, but the needy and the unfortunate is not in question here. What is challenged is the free-lunch 2900-odd delegates, its passage is considered ultimate burden bearer, af oourse, would be a certainty. the consumer or the general public. policy under which largess is distributed to the well-to-do and the affi.uent as well as to It would make the United States Govern­ The opposite of competition is monopoly, ment the "employer of last resort" for those and the various devices developed by both the needy. The policy is based in large part on a false delicacy that steers clear of any persons willing and able to work who are business and labor have aimed at mitigating unable to find jobs in the private sector. the severity of competition by some form or reference to charity. Hence, handouts are across the board, supposedly to remove any Like the "employer of last resort" plan, the degree of monopoly control. The earliest form concepts of a guaranteed annual income, was protectionism as a shelter against for­ stigma attaching to the deed. But, we now have an offi.cial definition of poverty and a comprehensive medical care for all and free eign competition. To the extent it was effec­ education through the first two years of col­ tive it gave American business and labor a classification of the poor as an identifiable group with vested rights to public support lege are not new. The latter, for example, was monopoly of the domestic market. There was proposed by Secretary of Labor Wlllard Wirtz no recognition of the much greater benefit to and to the management of antipoverty funds. The idea that those in this depressed condi­ three years ago. all parties from the free exchange of goods What does distinguish the UAW proposi­ and services among all nations. A consider­ tion know best how to get themselves out of it is a political sop, and the feuding among tion from other omnibus social programs is able part of the many billions we have the professional leaders of the poor accounts that these various guarantees would be poured out in the past 20 years to aid under­ for the lack of progress that has been made. rooted in the Constitution, thus giving developed nations would have been unneces­ No matter how thin it is sliced, legitimate Americans a legal remedy when they are sary if, over a longer period, our trade policy Federal support is charity or philanthropy, to denied. had permitted them freer access to our mar­ use a more expensive word, and it should be In the convention's only business today ket and hence more opportunity to develop confined to relief of genuine need, whether President Walter P. Reuther and the other their own resources. the beneficiary be a state, city, college, busi­ three top national offi.cers were re-elected by Over the past 30 years business has not ness or individual. acclamation. There was no opposition to fared as well as labor in the effort to ease the It is characteristic of the Government's them although some of the seats on the un­ severity of competition despite price mainte­ free-lunch approach to assume that every ion's 26-man executive board were contested. nance, fair trade and undetected deals to di­ economic ill can be remedied and every prob­ The authors of the UAW "Economic B111 of vide territory or rotate bids on big contracts. lem solved by spending more money. Rent Rights" proposal have offered it as the logical Federal legislation against monopoly and re­ supplements, subsidized housing, negative economic counterpart to the guarantees of straint of trade has been consistently con­ income tax. Government payroll and other political and civil rights embodied in the strued as applying only to business, which ways of spending money are deemed to be the Constitution's existing Bill of Rights. was indeed the chief culprit at the outset. best procedure for getting people out of the The resolution proposed that the guaran­ Labor unions are not subject to antitrust "ghettos." teed annual income for those unable to work law, although an industrywise strike is obvi­ The only way to improve permanently the be provided "through the negative income ously restraint of trade. The original Wagner lot of these individuals is to provide them tax program or some other appropriate means Act and the National Labor Relations Board with jobs, and the only place where lasting, instead of the obsolete and degrading wel­ decisions under it have established a much productive, well-paying jobs are to be found fare system currently in effect .. ." longer list of unfair labor practices charge­ is in the private sector. The two prime essen­ The negative income tax-a direct pay­ able to employers than is the list chargeable tials for this result are first, training for a ment by the Government proportional to the to labor. Compulsory union membership and job and second, additional capital appropri­ amounts that individual or family income check-off of dues by employers have con­ ate in amount and character for the job. The falls below a fixed norm-was popularized by solidated union power, and industrywide best training is "on the job," but lingering a political conservative, Prof. Milton Fried­ contract negotiations have reduced the con­ racism, union disinterest in apprenticeship man of the University of Chicago. cept of "collective bargaining in good faith" and the minimum wage prevent employers A leading framer of the resolution, UAW to a benevolent phrase with little substance. from undertaking this kind of economic sal­ Research Director Nat We-inberg, concedes Much is made of the right to strike. The vage in a large way. that it may sound initially like pie in the sky option of not working is protected by the The attitude of a welfare-state Govern­ to the general public. Constitutional ban on involuntary servitude, ment is not conducive to accumulation of But Weinberg stresses two points: the but nothing equally effective is said or done the additional capital on which new jobs country now has 'the affi.uence to guarantee about the right to work. The phony sanctity depend. Steep progressive individual taxes, a these rights and they will never become real­ of a picket line is invoked to prevent those heavy corporation tax restrictions on interest ity unless they are given a firm ba.sis in law. 13048 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 13, 1968 BRITISH PERFIDY MRS. FRANK BODINE, OF NORTH As the last Bodine son received his degree DAKOTA, IS AMERICAN MOTHER from MSC, the proud parents were presented a plaque from the state board commending HON. JOHN R. RARICK OF THE YEAR them "for their interest in higher educa­ tion." OF LOUISIANA Through their long years of marriage, Mr. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES HON. THOMAS S. KLEPPE and Mrs. Bodine saw their children attend Monday, May 13, 1968 OF NORTH DAKOTA college, leave the family farm and become IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES good Citizens and successful in their chosen Mr. RARICK. Mr. Speaker, the Brit­ fields in North Dakota and out of state. ish, und~ Wilson's Socialist regime, Monday, May 13, 1968 Until recently retiring and moving to show no respect for U.S. sanctions or Mr. KLEPPE. Mr. Speaker, When Mrs. Velva, Mr. and Mrs. Bodine continued to operate the family farm. A son now lives on agreements. Frank Bodine of Velva, N. Dak., was it. Conversely, U.S. planemakers should selected as "American Mother of the At Velva, the Bodines live a quiet life, cen­ show no hesitancy in dealing with Rho­ Year" in New York City last week, it was tered largely about St. Cecelia's Catholic desia and South Africa. a choice which the people of all 50 States church. They attend morning services almost Why should any American help the will heartily applaud. North Dakotans daily as well as Sunday Mass. perfidious British "save face," U.N. or are especially proud of this outstanding DaUghters of the couple include: no? mother of 18 children who, with her hus­ Mrs. Emanuel (Luella) Fix, teacher-house­ Who ruled the Monroe Doctrine un- wife at Harvey; Mrs. Phil (Viola) Prescott, band, reared and educated what could head nurse at a Poplar, Mont., health center; constitutional? well be called the American family of the Mrs. Wesley (Jenette) Warlick, a nurse in I insert a report of British arms sales year. Minneapolis; Mrs. Robert (Delores) Ber­ to Peru: Mr. and Mrs. Bodine are retired farm­ nards, st. Paul housewife; Mrs. Gerald [From the W~hington (D.C.) Post, ers now. Their 10 sons, all of whom hold (Loretta) Effertz, Velv,a housewife; Mrs. May 9, 1968] college degrees, have gone forth into the Floyd (Monica) Goetze, Eugene, Ore., house­ BRITISH ELUDE U.S. LAWS To SELL PERU SIX world to build successful careers in busi­ wife; Mrs. Thomas (Audrey) McLaughlin, BOMBERS San Jose, Oalif., houseWife, and Sister M. ness, law, journalism, education, the mil­ (Patricia) Bernadette, a sub-prioress of the (By Karl E. Meyer) itary services, and athletics. Six of the Benedictine Sacred Heart Priory at Rlichard­ LONDON, May 8.-Britain has agreed to sell eight Bodine daughters attended college. ton. six all-British Canberra bombers to Peru They, too, have been outstanding in their Sons of the couple are: for around $4.8 million in a deal that is chosen fields of endeavor. Francis, retired Air Force colonel living in likely to provoke some fiak in Washington With that kind of a family tradition, it Minneapolis; Paul, business manager since the planes will be going through a is more than reasonable to expect that KXMC-TV in Minot; Charles, teacher in loophole in U.S. laws. Anaheim, Calif.; John, technical editor in Last summer, the United States was able the Bodine's 78 grandchildren and eight be Minneapolis; Mark, Santa Barbara, Calif., to block the sale of Canberras to Peru on great-grandchildren will heard from lawyer; Robert, coach and principal at the grounds that the aircraft were partly one day, as well. Sawyer and VoLtaire farmer; Ron, football financed in the early 1950s by mutual ~­ The story of Mr. and Mrs. Frank Bo­ coach at Minot; Ryan, who recently was sistance dollars provided to Brtiain by dine is a refreshing one, especially in named baseball coach and an assistant foot­ America. these times. They have demonstrated ball tutor at North Dakota State University But it w~ confirmed here today that that virtually any goal is attainable in in Fargo; Gerald, a Carson teacher; Dale, a Britain h~ located six Canberra.s which this great country of ours, if the will is Navy officer in Vietnam and William, foot­ were wholly financed by British firms and ball ooach at New Town. therefore--60 British sources firmly main­ there. tain-are not subject to America veto. I am proud of this great "American DELIVERY IN 1969 Mother of the Year" and her family. Her The bombers that Peru will get are Royal life is a source of real inspiration for WRIT OF THE LAW AFTER DARK Air Force planes that will be refitted for everyone. delivery next year. The order is being filled I include, to have reprinted in the by the British Aircraft Corp., which has ab­ RECORD, the following news report of Mrs. HON. HARRY F. BYRD, JR. sorbed English Electric, original maker of Bodine's selection from the Minot Daily OF VIRGINIA the Canberra. News of May 9, 1968: IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES BAC spokesmen would not comment, and "American Mother of the Year"-an honor the Foreign Office maintains a formal silence Monday, May 13, 1968 on all such arms deals. But the story sur­ believed never gained by a North Dakotan faced through industry sources and has been before--has been bestowed upon Mrs. Frank Mr. BYRD of Virginia. Mr. President, Bodine of Velva. authoritatively confirmed. The 70-year-old mother of 10 sons and I ask unanimous consent to have printed The British sale follows the recent Peru­ eight daughters won the title at competi­ in the Extensions of Remarks an edi­ vian purchase of French Mirage V super­ torial entitled, "Writ of the Law After sonic bombers, a deal that was also opposed tion in New York Oity among state win­ by the United States. One Washington view ners. Results were announced today. Dark," published in the Norfolk Ledger­ was that sale of sophisticated planes stimu­ Mrs. Bodine•s name was submitted in the Star of May 9, 1968. lates a Latin American arms race and that state contest by the Velva Women's Club. There being no objection, the editorial Peru has more important things to spend She was one of 14 contestants for the "North was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, money on than Canberra bombers. Dakota Mother of the Year" award. A native of Poland where she was born as follows: U.S. planemakers also hoped to sell to the WRrr OF THE LAW AFTER DARK Peruvians and others. While the U.S. Gov­ on Feb. 2'5, 1898, as Elizabeth Grossman, ernment welcomed this for balance-of-pay­ Mrs. Bodine came to the United States in We reprint herewith, as today's comment ments purposes, it said no deliveries could 1913 with her parents and 10 brothers and on a society growing great in terms of be made before 1969. sisters. measurable lawlessness, the following dis­ She became the hired girl on the fa.rm patch that appeared in the Wall Street CONGRESSIONAL A'ITITUDE operated by Frank Bodine near Voltaire in Journal: Partly as a result of controversy over 1916 and was married to him on Jan. 10, "WASHINGTON.-National Bank of Wash­ Peru's purchases from France, the U.S. Con­ 1917. ington, third largest in the capital, has dis­ gress has attempted to further circumscribe Though they both received only an eighth continued late Friday hours at its 20 purchase of sophisticated weapons by coun­ grade education themselves, 1t was the con­ offices here because of employee apprehen­ tries receiving American aid. stant goal of Mr. and Mrs. Bodine to provide sion over crime and disturbances ln some Arms sales are increasingly regarded in their children with something better. neighborhoods. balance-of-payment terms. British sources All 10 of the Bodine sons received college " 'We found that some employees just remark somewhat sourly that the United degrees and six of the eight daughters also didn't want to work late ln a number of our States long had a virtual monopoly on arms attended institutions of higher learning. offices,' said W. T. Vandoren, senior vice sales to third-world countries and is unwill­ They attended colleges from Oali!ornia to president." ing to compete fairly with Europeans. Harvard, including Notre Dame--but mostly The bank kept all branches open until Americans reply that some areas are now at Minot. 5:30 p .m. on Fridays and some as l,ate as off-bounds for political reasons to U.S. sup­ The name became such a legend at Minot 7:30p.m. pliers and that the entire market h~ be­ State College where a Bod.!l.ne was enrolled What this seems to mean is that the em­ come far more competitive since purch~ers for 26 years and 19 summer sessions that it ployes didn't want to be departing work so increasingly insist on "offset" arrange­ prompted the state Board of Higher Educa­ late as to chance being in some of those ments-obliging the seller to buy goods from tion' to pay speclal tribute to the parents neighborhoods after dark. an arms customer. in 1965. What it means is that the police in the May 13, 1968 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 13049 nation's capital must have lost control of TO INSURE DOMESTIC of the law would be dealt with swiftly and crime in their city, especially after dark, TRANQUILLITY sternly. Riots did flare up in our early years; and that the people do not feel safe. but each outburst was promptly quelled by What it means is that the people working firm enforcement of the law. Certainly, riots in the branches of the National Bank are HON. ROBERT H. MICHEL were never allowed to become a way of life- imposing a curfew upon themselves. Because until recently. · they live in a city where the muggers and OF ILLINOIS Mob action, of course, does great harm to hoods aren't even safe from one another. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the rioters themselves, and to any cause they A great society we've got going here, isn't Monday, May 13, 1968 espouse. As one of our ablest Negro leaders, it? Sen. Edward Brooke of Massachusetts, has Where the law's writ is lucky to run from Mr. MICHEL. Mr. Speaker, now that said: "Riots and violence are the mortal ene­ here to the next corner after dark. the so-called poor peoples' army has Inies, not the servants, of the civil-rights begun to arrive in the city it might be movement." Yet today rioting, with its use­ less bloodshed and destruction of property, in order to call the attention of my col­ seexns to have become a tolerated instrument LOUISIANA STATE MEDICAL SO­ leagues to the words of Mrs. Mattie of protest. Millions of our ghetto citizens CIETY ENDORSES A MILITARY Coney, a Negro schoolteacher from In­ seem to believe that in no other way can MEDICAL ACADEMY dianapolis who has taught in slum area their plight be brought to public attention. schools for 30 years. Mrs. Coney, speak­ This spirit of explosive rebelliousness has ing bluntly to the folks she has been brought us to the crisis in which we now find HON. F. EDWARD HEBERT trying to help, says: ourselves. OF LOUISIANA I realize that we Negroes have been treated HELP REQUmES SELF-HELP IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES unfairly for many long years. But more op­ The task ahead falls into two parts. First, portunities are now being opened to us and the law must be enforced. Unless this is done, Monday, May 13, 1968 the way is becoming brighter. We should it will be impossible to enlist public support quit spending so·much time feeling sorry for for the second half of the job: to seek out Mr. HEBERT. Mr. Speaker, my pro­ ourselves. We must do the best we can with the conditions which breed disillusionment posed Military Medical Academy, which what we have. and despair, and apply strong, imaginative will in effect be a "West Point for doc­ remedial measures. tors," has received a much appreciated This quote is taken from an article ap­ And here I must emphasize one vital fac­ boost from the Louisiana State Medical pearing in the May issue of Reader's tor: Help for the undeprivileged, whether it Society. Digest written by that great American be private, federal, state or municipal, must H. Ashton Thomas, M.D., secretary­ and great Republican, former President be matched by their own efforts as self-help. Eisenhower. In his usual down-to-earth The entire wealth of the U.S. Treasury poured treasurer of the organization, has noti­ into the ghettos would accomplish nothing fied me that it has passed a resolution and commonsense manner, President if the people who live there won't strive to endorsing my proposal. The Louisiana Eisenhower proposes an exciting and improve theinselves and their surroundings. group will introduce a similar resolution challenging program to provide signifi­ It is my earnest belief, however, that few at the upcoming convention of the Amer­ cant and meaningful solutions to the human beings are devoid of pride and initia­ ican Medical Association. problems plaguing our cities all over the tive. These qualities may be buried under Such an Academy would lessen the country. I include the entire article at apathy or covered by the facade of rebellion, this point in the RECORD: but they can be brought to life by inspired shortage of doctors in the Armed Forces leadership armed with the tools of educa­ and it would also cut down on the drain TO INSURE DOMESTIC TRANQUILLITY tion and opportunity. of doctors who are badly needed in civil­ (By Dwight D. Eisenhower) Unfortunately, too many Negro leaders de­ ian communities. (NoTE.-The bitter pl'loblexns that plague vote their entire effort to fomenting racial We are making progress in what has our slums can be cured, says former Presi­ animosity and lawless turmoil. On the other been a long struggle to convince the De­ dent Eisenhower. Here he outlines his chal­ hand, there are a number of wise Negro men partment of Defense of the validity of lenging program. for root-and-branch re­ and women who do everything they can to this idea, and I appreciate this endorse­ form.) lead their people into prograxns of self-im­ ment from the Louisiana State Medical I have long believed that we Amerioans, provement. with our energy, our inventiveness and our In Philadelphia, for example, the Rev. Leon Society. Sullivan established in 1964 a private agency I include the resolution at this point in resources, can solve any national problem­ if only we commit ourselves to the oause called Opportunities Industrialization Cen­ the RECORD: with a deep deterinination. With heart! ter. With the enthusiastic support of several hundred .business firms, his Center has RESOLUTION 119 Surely this total commitment must be pres­ ent in any plan to cope with the most crit­ trained more than 4500 disadvantaged young Introduced by: P. H. Jones, M.D., Senior men and women and helped them find re­ AMA Delegate. ical domestic situation which has beset our country in this century: the problem sponsible jobs. He understands that most Subject: Armed F'orces Academy of Medi­ people in the ghettos want jobs and the self­ cine. of our shameful city slums and the racial unrest which they spawn, the savage riots respect that decent employment instills. His Referred to: Reference Committee "D." OIC idea has now spread to 65 other cities. Whereas, the American Medical Associa­ which have wrecked whole sections of our cities and disgraced our nation in the eyes In Indianapolis, Mrs. Mattie Coney, who tion and the Association of American Medi­ taught in slum-area schools for 30 years, cal Colleges has endorsed legislation and of the world. I am convinced that domestic tranquillity is doing an equally constructive job. Con­ plans to increase the output of physicians vinced that one of the worst enemies of the by expanding medical school facilities and can be restored; but the time for complete mobilization of effort and resources is now. Negro people is the filth of the slums and establishing new medical schools to meet the debasement it brings, she founded a the growing need for additional physicians, We must have a universal rally of the people at the loc,al level in response to local pro­ group called the Citizens Forum, Inc. Work­ and ing toward cleanliness and self-improvement grams of a practical and concrete nature. The Whereas, the Armed Forces of the United through hundreds of "block clubs," the States also have increased need for physi­ need is to start intelligently from the bottom, not profligately from the top. Forum has cleared an enormous tonnage of cians to meet our Country's growing na­ refuse from homes and streets. Today In­ tional defense obligations, and Before we get down to specifics let's take a brief look at the background. dianapolis is one of the cleanest cities in Whereas, the securing of additional physi­ the nation. cians to meet our Armed Forces requirements One of the principal aims of our Consti­ Mrs. Coney speaks bluntly to the people has further aggravated the shortage of physi­ tution was to "insure domestic Tranquillity"; she is trying to help: "I realize that we cians to care for our civilian population, indeed, in sequence of objectives, the authors Negroes have been treated unfairly for many therefore be it placed it ahead of "common defence." The long years. But more opportunities are now Resolved, That the Louisiana State Medical wise men who founded this nation well knew being opened to us, and the way is becoming Society endorse and support efforts to estab­ that human freedom can exist only in an brighter. We should quit spending so much lish an Armed Forces Academy of Medicine orderly society. They understood that anger time feeling sorry for ourselves. We must do along the same lines as our other Military over justice denied, or envy and hatred be­ the best we can with wha.t we have." Acadeinies to meet our military require­ gotten of ignorance and prejudice, would, ments for additional physicians without fur­ as always before, create trouble; that there AN EFFECTIVE POLIOE RESERVE ther aggravating the shortage of physicians would always be false leaders ready to in­ This country needs hundreds of Leon Sul­ to serve the civilian population, and be it flame men to acts of purposeless violence. livans and Mattie Coneys. And I believe that further Consequently, they strove Inightily to create in every city there are such potential Negro Resolved, That the Louisiana State Medical a structure of government where all would leaders. With determined and intelligent help Society Delegates to the American Medical have equal justice under the law; where from the outside, they can help lift Inillions Association introduce and support a similar the causes of internal conflict would be min­ of citizens of every race to a better way of resolution in the AMA House of Delegates. iinized; where, also, any wholesale defiance life. CXIV--822-Par.t 10 13050 EXT·ENSIONS OF REMARKS May 13, 1968 This same principle of finding leadership numbers of people to relocate in new, more massive, programs for our disadvantaged within the slum community can also be used wholesome communities. These new towns millions. in law enforcement. To stop the riots, we would have their own schools, shops, clinics New jobs must also be created-real jobs, obviously must have more and better-paid and hospitals, their own light industry and not make-work stopgaps. Industry must police, traJ.ned in the handling of mobs, recreational facilities. For those who do not mobilize just as completely as it did in placed in sufficient numbers in the areas find employment locally, swift mass trans­ World War II. Here is an almost limitless where violence is most likely. For this pro­ portation should be created to take them opportunity tor our superb free-enterprise fessional police work, we should insofar as to jobs in the cities. Needless to say, these system. American business has certainly not possible train young men from the same new areas must not become just added en­ exhausted its ingenuity to create useful ethnic groups that inhabit the precincts claves of segregation. They must be open, employment, and once it fully recognizes its where they will be stationed. They have a and made inviting, to decent people of all obligation to society, it can perform a great better understanding of the problems of the races. service for the nation and, incidentally, people, and can gain their confidence and To those who say this is an impossible for itself. It can succeed where government respect more easily. This will cost money; task, I must point out that in the early agencies too often have failed. but if we don't do it, the cost will be even 1940's we achieved far more "impossible" greater. goals-for the purposes of war. And within BOTTOM TO TOP Considering the present angry state of the past 20 years we have seen hundreds of To achieve these goals, it seeins clear to mind of many people in the ghettos, we need new towns and developments spring up and me that we must set up dynamic citizens' more than a beefed-up corps of professional thrive adjacent to new industrial complexes. organizations. A call should go out from police, however. I propose that from among It can be done again, perhaps by using the the highest office in the land to governors the many law-abiding, hard-working individ­ space now occupied by abandoned, conven­ and mayors of major cities, asking them to uals of our depressed areas an effective iently located Army camps and airfields or create in each city an overall citizens-oper­ police-reserve system be formed. other neglected open areas. Moreover, the ations committee. The mayor should be a Suppose, for example, that for each active­ cost of such projects could be partially self­ working member of the committee, but the duty policeman we create a cadre of ten ci­ liquidating as the new residents found jobs chairman should be a private citizen of vilians trained for the prevention and quel­ and got on their feet. proved ability and determination. This top ling of riots. Training could be handled dur­ I can think of no other way to relieve the committee would, in turn, mobilize all of ing evenings and weekends, with the reserv­ intolerable congestion of the slums. And I the city's constructive elements and agen­ ists being paid a reasonable stipend. Helmets, know of no better way to restore vanished cies, both municipal and private. Leaders billy clubs and other weapons would be kept hope and pride in the hearts of hundreds of from the depressed areas would, of course, in secure depots. (Mobs, however unruly, thousands of despairing people. be included. can normally be controlled by relatively few LEARNING AND LABORING As I visualize the program, these civilian trained and disciplined men armed with non­ The problems of education and employ­ organizations would go as far as they could lethal weapons.) Wisely chosen, these re­ ment go hand in hand. Tens of thousands of with local resources, organizations and busi­ servists could become powerful leaders for essential jobs go begging because qualified ness. Doubtless considerable financing for law and order-and, by example, for self­ people cannot be found to fill them. The new housing, including the new towns I improvement throughout the ghetto. service industries-restaurants and hotels, suggested earlier, could be obtained from the insurance industry and other large THREE-FRONT ATTACK laundries, gardening businesses, household­ lending agencies, if the risks were largely But all our efforts to bring peace to repair establishments, to name but a few­ are chronically undermanned. How often, for insured by government. But, in the more the ghettos, no matter how wise and practi­ expensive phases of the program, it would cal, will fail unless we give people real hope example, have you waited for days on end for the plumber or the man to fix an ailing be necessary to requisition substantial that steps are being taken to correct the in­ funds, through the states, from the federal human conditions in which they now live. washing machine? Many of these jobs are in the semi-skilled government. Appropriations already exist They must know the goals and see with category and do not require long years of for some of these purposes, but their expend­ their own eyes that things are being done. preparation; with proper training, mosrt iture is now rigidly administered from And I would hope that our free press and the slum people now living an aimless existence Washington. A broad act of Congress would broadcasting industry would give the same could handle them. And once their pride has be needed to implement the bottom-to-top attention to progress, to genuine accomp­ been aroused and the way to decent employ­ plan that I think we must have. lishment, as they now do to slum violence. ment has been opened, I am confident that These things cannot be done in a year or It should be front-page news-continuously! most of them would grasp the opportunity. two; a more realistic timetable would be a The program for betterment must proceed If at firsrt a man is qualified only for a lowly dozen years. But we know what needs simultaneously on three equally urgent job, he must be encouraged to spend his doing, and we must get on with it--a co­ fronts; decent housing; sound educa­ spare time in training for something better. ordinated effort simultaneously on all tion and practical training for both chil­ Nobody wants to wash dishes in a restau­ fronts. The failures of past years can be dren and adults; and gainful employment for rant all his life, and it must be made clear erased, if we declare a brand-new ap­ all. To achieve these objectives, we must have to all that such jobs are but a step up the proach-and then tackle the task with the determined participation of all segments ladder. proper organization and unshakable citizen of our society: government at all levels; Although I am by no means qualified to morale. With heart! business and industry, which have a vital offer a detailed blueprint for the educational stake in making our citlties habitable and and training needs of our underprivileged law-abiding; labor unions; schools; church­ people, I will mention at random a few things es; civic organizations-plus the volunteer that occur to me. In the first place, I think HON. JOSEPH W. MARTIN services of countless private citizens. our educational hierarchy must be willing to Since the federal government has pre­ abandon some of its fixed ideas and embrace empted our most fruitful sources of public new thoughts and plans to meet the emer­ HON. ALEXANDER PIRNIE revenue, we shall have to look to Washing­ gency. For example, we need understanding OF NEW YORK ton for some of the necessary money. But the people, people who love children, to teach impetus, the planning and the doing must be the youngsters of our slums, many of whom IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES at the community level. Surely, by this time, have trouble communiOOJting even the Monday, May 13, 1968 we have had enough of uniform plans blue­ simplest of ideas. In finding such teachers, printed in Washington and administered by why must we stick to our present rigid cer­ Mr. PIRNIE. Mr. Speaker, the death of the impersonal hand of a bureaucratic tification rules? A woman with a great heart our former colleague, Joseph W. Martin, heirarchy. and practical knowledge, but who has only Jr., of Massa;chusetts, brought to an end ROOM TO BREATHE a high-school education, may well do this a long and distinguished career of serv­ The problem of decent housing is monu­ job better than an impaA;ient person with an ice to the Nati-on. We recall his rugged, mental. People from rural areas have poured M.A. degree. New England character which made him into the cities in such fantastic numbers And, in our job-training programs, why a capable legislator and a respected that the density of population and the at­ not recruit retired men of the crafts-car­ tendant squalor are almost inconceivable. penters, plumbers, machinists, military men leader for over 40 years. Honored by his We shall never solve this problem simply by with technical skills-as teachers? party as floor leader, conventi-on chair­ tearing out vast areas of substandard dwell­ Our public-education system, no matter man, and as Speaker of the House, he ings and stacking people vertically in new how imaginative it may become, will need lived through some of the most stirring high-rise-apartment complexes. We have the help of still other groups. Our labor days of the Republic and played an ac­ tried this before, and such new housing unions, which can thrive only in a pros­ tive role in its big moments. swiftly and inevitably degenerates into just· perous and peaceful America, should be another slum. persuaded to extend a practical appren­ My first personal contact with Joe oc­ To begin the physical rehabilitation of ticeship program to the slums. Business curred in the thirties when the Repub­ our slums, we must provide room to breathe and industry have shown great skill in lican Party was seeking to pick itself up in the inner cities. Thus, the first essential setting up training programs for their own off the floor after the debacle of 1932. I of any realistic housing plan is to reduce the employees; what a miracle they could recall his sage counsel and quiet deter­ density of population by encouraging large achieve by conducting similar, but more mination. He was a real warhorse in May 13, 1968 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 13051 those days and did much to encourage with, but what is necessary to protect Ameri­ "The time has come to put aside selfish and strengthen Republican efforts. This can families from hidden hazards. ambition and pettiness, to forget old fears Entrusted with the protection of the pub­ and animosities, and to bring forth from our attitude continued into his later years lic health, we in the Government have re­ midst tolerance, understanding and mutual and he nearly achieved his wish of dying sponsibility to protect the public in such trust. in the harness. Failing health brought its matters where the individual on his own "The time has come to recognize that this limitations and we were saddened by the cannot recognize or act to eliminate the n ation has more strength than weakness, change. But we are happy to remember danger to himself and his family except more hope than despair, more faith than those days of enthusiastic and dedicated through the protection a strong Federal law doubt, and that we have more chance than service to the party and to the Nation. will give him. The consumer depends entirely any nation in previous history to master the in this matter upon your conscience. We must problems we face. Joe Martin left an imprint that will re­ t ake the pooition that when t h e health and "The time has come for those who share main for many a year. We, in this body, safety of the American public are at stake a deep and abiding belief in the purpose and remember him with affection and re­ no compromises can be considered. Surely you potentialities of this nation to say, 'I love spect. share this position. m y country.' Sincerely, "Yes, the time h as come to express in our BETTY FuRNESS, way an d our time a new American patriotism, ADMINISTRATION SPOKESMEN Special Assistant to the Pr esident for not a patriotism expressed alone in flags and LACK KNOWLEDGE Oonsume1· Affairs. parades but in willingness to get down to the hard, tiring, endless work that every gen­ CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES, eration before us has paid out to keep alive HON. DAN KUYKENDALL HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, the vision of what America can do. OF TENNESSEE Washington, D .O., May 13, 1968. "And the time has come, in short, to re­ Miss BETTY FURNESS, affirm once more that we can do whatever IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Special Assi stant to the President on Con­ we must do to carry forth the unfinished Monday, May 13, 1968 sumer Affairs, the Whi te House, Wash­ peaceful American revolution." ington, D.O. If Hubert Horatio Humphrey accomplished Mr. KUYKENDALL. Mr. Speaker, it DEAR Miss FURNESS: In response to your nothing more in his bid for the Democratic is regrettable that so many of the admin­ mimeographed form letter of May 9 con­ nomination for President, than the annunci­ istration spokesmen are entirely with­ cerning gas-pipeline legislation, I can as­ ation of this, his credo of new patriotism out knowledge of the facts when they sure you that it would have been very sim­ for America, he will have served his country attempt to pressure Congress into action ple for a person of your high office to reach superbly well. He has restored the national me by telephone. In fact, I might suggest politics of his party to the level that millions on much of the legislation which comes that this would have been most appropriate of Americans felt but did not or could not before us. To illustrate the administra­ since I am a member of the Interstate and express for themselves. tion use of propaganda rather than Foreign Commerce Committee which is h an­ Humphrey has launched on "the politics truth, I include the following letter dling this legislation. However, I might ob­ of happiness, the politics of purpose and the which I received from Betty Furness, serve that possibly you do not care to talk politics of joy," as he described his cam­ Special Assistant to the President, and to anyone who is knowledgeable in this field. paign, to wrest the nomination. He will have my reply to her: When you assumed office as a Special As­ the good wishes of those Democratics and sistant to the President it was difficult for others who have yearned for a voice of p a ­ THE WHITE HousE, me to visualize how one who has spent most triotism in the midst of self-seeking, of pur­ Washington, D .O., May 9, 1968. of her adult life in the entertainment field pose and of dedication, among men of his DEAR CONGRESSMAN : Knowing Of your busy could suddenly become an expert in the party who seek the presidency. schedule and the difficulty of quickly reach­ problems of the housewives. Now the cred­ ing you by phone, I write to apprise you of ibility gap has widened into a vast chasm my serious concern over the watered-down when you present yourself as knowledgeable version of S. 1166-the Natural Gas Pipeline in the highly technical field of gas pipe­ Safety bill which is expected to come before lines. NO CONFIDENCE IN the House for a vote within the next two If you had familiarized yourself at all with PATRICK MURPHY weeks. this legislation you would have realized that A bill weaker than the Administration pro­ the only pipe-lines in the Nation which posed was passed by the Senate, and has now would be exempt from regulations would be HON. JOHN R. RARICK been even further weakened to the point of "gathering lines" in non-populated areas and OF LOUISIANA a "no-bill". We are advised Congressmen that the Secretary can specify any area that IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES John Dingell, John Moss, Brock Adams, and he so wishes as "populated." If you wish to Richard Ottinger and others will engage in contact me in person to discuss this legis­ Monday, May 13, 1968 a floor fight in the House for a strong bill lation my phone number is 225-3265, and which equals or parallels the original Admin­ I can assure you I am available. Mr. RARICK. Mr. Speaker, the citizens istration bill S. 1166. Sincerely, of our Nation's Capital continue to ex­ We feel this is one of the most significant DAN KUYKENDALL, press "no confidence" in Patrick V. Mur­ consumer bills before the Congress this ses­ Member of Congress. phy, watchdog to prevent effective law sion. Needed to fully protect consumers is enforcement in the District. a bill which places all existing pipeline facil­ The rioters and looters are silent so we ities and all gathering lines under regulation AMERICAN PATRIOTISM can assume that they are satisfied with by the Department of Transportation; clearly his ''open city on crime" policy. specifies Federal jurisdiction; includes crimi­ Do the people of Washington have to nal penalties; strengthens civil penalties to HON. TOM STEED equal civil penalties required in the Na­ OF OKLAHOMA prove to the leadership there is more to fear from the law-abiding citizenry than tional Traffic and Motor Vehicle Safety Act; IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and which will restore adequate funding pro­ from the criminal element before Mur­ visions to ensure effective administration of Monday, May 13, 1968 phy is promoted to a civil riots post. the Act. Mr. STEED. Mr. Speaker, the editor I include the advertisement from the We are increasingly dismayed that in some of the Lawton, Okla., Constitution makes Sunday Star for May 12 and a news clip­ instances, bills enacted ostensibly to provide some editorial comment regarding a re­ ping from the May 13, Evening Star, as consumer protection, or bills now before the follows: Congress which have been substantially cent statement by Vice President HuBERT amended to weaken the original wording, HuMPHREY that I find so much in line [From the Washington (D.C.) Sunday Star, become consumer protection measures in with my own thinking that I want to May 12, 1968) "name-only." Such weakening deludes the share it with my colleagues. It seems to METROPOLITAN WASHINGTON FEDERATION OF consumer about the actual degree of pro­ me the time has come when all of us BUSINESS AsSOCIATIONS, INC.: OPEN LETTER tection afforded him, while the loopholes in can help by taking our stand once again TO THE PRESIDENT the laws allow industrial operations to re­ with these basic convictions. The PRESIDENT, main relatively unchanged despite anguished The White House, cries to the contrary. The editorial follows: Washington, D.O. If the watered-down version of S. 1166 AMERICAN PATRIOTISM MY DEAR MR. PRESIDENT: By unanimous passes, we will have a "name only" bill. Hence, "The time has come to speak thoughts consent of the delegates and officers of the I urge you on behalf of consumers, to vote deeply felt but not often said by millions Metropolitan Washington Federation of Busi­ for a bill stronger than the one voted out of Americans. The time has come to speak ness Associations, Inc., at an emergency meet­ by the House Interstate and Foreign Com­ out on behalf of America-not a nation that ing called on April 29, 1968, to consider ways merce Committee. The decision should not has lost its way, but a restless people, a great and means of dealing With the ruinous con­ be what legislation can the industry Hve nation striving to find a better way. sequences of the April 4th and 5th criminal 13052 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 13, 1968 breakdown of law and order, I have been ployed to meet a.ny ee dealt with, even on the spot, if need be, tion, said that about 60 delegates attending not in bleeding heart fashion but accord- my 1968 public opinion poll. The follow­ a regular meeting adopted a resolution ing percentages are based on approxi­ 1ng to the Law of the Land that governs us charging tha;t the office should be abolished :all, not just the Lawabiding citi2'len. We feel, because "there is a complete l

RESULTS OF REPRESENTATIVE CHARLOTTE T. REID'S 1968 PUBLIC OPINION POLL [In percent)

Yes No No answer

1. Do you feel you have a clear understanding of our objectives in Vietnam? . ------38.6 59.2 2.2 2. Of the major alternatives discussed which policy do you favor in Vietnam today? ______8. 2 (a) Continue on the same course the Johnson administration has been following______6.6 ------(b) Increase our military effort to achieve victorY ------61.4 ------(c) Halt bombing without prior guarantees that North Vietnam will stop infiltration of troops and supplies into South Vietnam and negotiate______12.6 ------(d) Withdraw our forces from South Vietnam ___ .• ____ -- ____ ••••• _•••••••••••••••• --•• ••• -----•.••••.• -- __ •••• ------.------.----- 18. 8 - ••.. ---- •••• -----.----- 3. Do you feel our foreign aid program as now constituted should be continued?______8.6 86.3 5.1 4. Do you agree with the recommendations of the President's National Advisory Commission on Civil Disorders for prevention and control of riots?______27.1 56.9 16.0 5. Do you believe that urban problems can best be solved by- (a) Encouraging greater participation by private enterprise in providing jobs, housing, etc?______90.2 5. 5 4. 3 (b) Increasing State and Federal expenditures for public housmg, jobs, welfare aid, etc.?______10.8 57.8 31.4 t6. In dealing with crime and civil disorders do you feel that- ( a) Police and courts have been strict enough? .. ------8. 0 81.2 10.8 (b) Recent Supreme Court decisions have hindered local law-enforcement agencies?------85.5 9. 2 5. 3 7. Do you feel that the Constitution should be amended to provide- (a) Authority for Congress to override Supreme Court decisions by a% majority vote?.------64.2 24.7 11.1 (b) Limited terms for Supreme Court Justices in . lie~ of present life tenure?_ __ ~.-.-;- •• ----•••••• --•••••• ----•.•• --.------:--:----.------76. 5 14. 3 9. 2 8. Do you feel our internal secunty laws need strengthenmg m regard to employment of md1v1duals who are members of Commumst orgamzat1ons m Govern- ment, defense plants, and schools? ______------_------•• ------.------85. 3 10. 6 4. 1 9. In the field of agriculture, do you favor- (a) New legislation to give farmers greater bargaining power in order to improve farm prices?_.-- ••• ---.------__ ------•• ---.. 64. 3 17. 9 17. 8 (b) The President's proposal to make programs established under the 1965 Farm Act permanent?·------5. 4 51.8 42.8 10. In view of our serious fiscal problems, Congress should- (a) Insist on meaningful reductions in all Federal spending for unessential nondefense programs·------82.8 5. 0 12.2 (b) Approve the President's proposal for a new 10-percent surtax on personal and corporate incomes______18.3 53.2 28.5 (c) Both increase taxes and cut back on spending .• ------38.0 31.2 30.8

Note: The total for the second question is more than 100 percent since some respondents selected more than 1 choice.

THE BUSINESS OF THE NATION At a reception for Senator HAYDEN, he ership to this Nation in a time of severe GOES ON said: challenge. I insert the full texts of his Amel"ica is stronger for what you have done remarks in the RECORD: in these 56 years, and it is going to be poorer REMARKS OF THE PRESIDENT AT A RECEPTION HON. JACK BROOKS when you have left these halls. HONORING HON. CARL HAYDEN, A U.S. SENA­ OF TEXAS TOR FROM THE STATE OF ARIZONA. NEW SF.'J'T­ On the occasion of signing a bill :IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ATE OFFICE BUILDING, MAY 6, 1968 amending the Veterans' Administration Senator Hayden and Members of the SPn­ Monday, May 13, 1968 housing law, he said: ate and their staffs, I came here with mixed Mr. BROOKS. Mr. Speaker, the atten­ Thanks to this particular act, the veteran emotions this afternoon. On the one hand iiion of the world has been focused on who has come home from Vietnam, the young I am tempted to take Carl Hayden at his ·paris this past week, where representa­ wage earner who is on the way up in life, word, and believe the unbelievable, that this or the family that 1s seeking escape from the Congress is finally to lose the strength and -tiv.es of the United States and North Viet- ghetto will find it easier to buy a home. the wisdom, and the inspiration, of Carl nam have begun initial contacts concern­ Hayden's leadership. ing the question of peace in Vietnam. At the presentation of awards to blind But then I remember what strange times And yet, while we wait and watch, the college students: we are living in. It is very hard to believe -business of America must be carried for- It is true that none of us would envy your any announcement of political intentions ward. It is clear that President Johnson handicap, but all of us would do well to envy these days. -is fully occupied with the affairs of his your character. One day the politicans who have declared . office. To cite just one indication of the out are back ln. The next day the politicians Welcoming the President and Prime who have declared in have backed out. -wide range of matters that involve the Minister of Thailand, he said: President, in the first few days of last It may well be that Carl Hayden has ren­ -week he was called upon six times to We believe that human freedom thrives dered another great service to the Nation best when men have the right to determine by his announcement today, and I came -make public statements on a variety of their own political destiny. here to help him. subjects. I should like to quote briefly Looking at us two non-candidates, both -from his remarks. At the presentation of the Young American Medals, the President said: models of long-term credibility, no American At a reception for White House Fel­ in his right mind could any longer doubt I am doubly pleased because these awards -lows, he said: pay tribute to the idealism and the commit­ the veracity of any politician. Again and again in the American experi­ ment of our American youth. Carl Hayden and I both are on the brink . ence, it 1s the pessimists who have proven of new careers. We are looking back to our -to be the false prophets. It is the optimists These brief quotes obviously reflect a old professions. I know there is still a need -whose courage and faith have carried us on. vigorous, dedicated man, providing lead- for teachers, and I am going back to where May 13, 1968 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 13053 I began. But I wonder if Carl has recently REMARKS OF THE PRESIDENT AND MRS. JOHN­ Presidency, to see how we can improve it, cased the market for frontier sheriffs. SON AT A RECEPTION FOR WHITE HOUSE FEL­ how we can strengthen it. We are both young men, both Democrats, LOWS, STATE DINING ROOM, MAY 6, 1968 It won't be exactly another Hoover Com­ both from the Southwest, both have served The PRESIDENT: I perhaps should have mission on the entire Government, but it many years in Congress, and I believe that waited until you at least had time to par­ will be on the Presidency, itself, which is a he is the only man who is now in the United ticipate in the refreshments, but I know it rather important o1Hce. States Senate who was in the United States will be refreshing when I have gone. In the years to come we need to improve Senate when I came to Washington. Since I must go to the Senate, I think I it, strengthen it, and do whatever we can Now it seems we both have reached re­ will just start riow and interrupt your meet­ to make it stronger. tirement age together. In fact, I understand ing. In addition to that, I am going to amend the same man who was after my job last elec­ First, I want to welcome the members of the Executive Order that created the selec­ tion, Carl, is now after your job. the Cabinet and the President's Commission tion committee, of which the most distin­ Some men have had long and very distin­ on White House Fellows, the new Fellows and guished and honored Mr. Douglas Dillon is guished careers here in the Senate because the old Fellows, and all my friends. Chairman, to provide for an increase in mem­ of their oratory, some by becoming the I am happy to have this second chance to bership. champions of some pa:r:ticular cause, some by meet with the White House Fellows and the·ir In President Roosevelt's day that would the glamour of their personalities, some by ladies. You were kind enough to invite me have been known as packing the court. their abihlty to work harder, longer and to come last Saturday. I was sorry I could I hope I can make that change without better. not be there. being charged wt.th any ulterior motives. Carl Hayden is not famous as an orator. My own disappointment was considerable. I would like for some of you 68 Fellows His glamour is the old fashioned kind that Your invitation was most attractive to a man who have come, who have seen, who have we associate with a handsome sheriff from in my position-a short timer in Washington. not forgotten, to sit around with some of the Arizona Territory. But the people of It could have been my last chance to make these old timers who really constitute this Arizona sent him here, and they sent him the scene at Dupont Circle on a Saturday generation gap. back again, again and again, simply because night. I would like for you to sit with them-the he worked harder for their interests, more I had another very personal reason for Johnny Oakes of the New York Times; the intelligently for their interests, for the bene­ wanting to join you. As a man considering a John Macy's, of the Civil Service Commis­ fit of all the people, than anyone else they new career, I think it is wise to keep up my sion; Judge Hastie. could ever find in 56 years who lived in the contacts, especially with important people. I would like for you to talk with them State of Arirona. At least I think you are important people. as members of the board, as their equals He has told generations of freshmen here You have been hand-picked for very high on the board, and fellow members. Then I in the Senate, 'S.lld I was one of them, that honors, and I think for very high o1Hce. You would like for you to go throughout the when he first came here he asked a man how are very privileged young people. country and work with these panels so that to get re-elected, and he said, "Well, you You found room at the top for three years. the next group selected can even be an im­ know, Carl, there are two kinds of horses, Today another year begins for you. provement on the group that you make up. show horses and work ho:r:ses." Nineteen new White House Fellows are I look upon you as the future. You can Without disparaging the show horses a bi·t here as the fourth class of important and make it or you can break it by committing this afternoon, he made the case by his privileged young Americans. yourself, or by copping out: by going home example of being a work horse. So I am very proud and happy that I could after one year at the top, or by sliding back His work was the arduous kind that is join with Mrs. Johnson to ask you to come into the comfortable routine of a cynical done in the committee rooms. It was long; it here, to congratulate you and to welcome you life, by being too busy, too timid, too awed was painstaking; it was nighttime sessions. to Washington. to apply what you have learned here by stay­ It was poring over testimony and figures of There are 68 of you now. That is one for ing involved, or by remaining committed. a thousand appropriation bills involving bil­ each year of this Century. I think you are going to learn a great deal lions of dollars, trying to bridge the gap be­ I would like to think that there is some in this town. tween public needs and public resources, special significance to that coincidence. But it is a part of your privilege that you always trying to serve his m-ain client: the I want to believe that you are the men will come to know a basic truth. That truth people, the people of the United States-serve and women who will complete the great un­ is how much government can do and how them with integrity, with imagination, and finished agenda of America for this Cen­ muCih government cannot do. always with great care. tury, so that we may launch the third Cen­ If you grasp this, if you keep your eyes Whatever his intentions, he became a kind tury of our continuing American adventure open and your wits sharp, you will learn the of show horse as well as a work horse. He with even higher goals and I hope with an magnificent promise and the exciting truth became the Senator whom his colleagues even greater purpose. of your own lives. would always point out to their constituents The next Century is crowding in on us You will learn how much, very much, you and say, "There is the Senator's Senator. in this room right now. can do for your own future, and particularly There is Mr. Integrity from the State of It is pressing us with a rush of change­ for the future of your country; how very Arizona." the new challenges that are flung by much we need you, your commitment .nd I might say that all that non-political hard science and technology; by population your involvement. work turned out to be the best politics that increases; by 40 percent of the people And we need it now, because the future anyone around here ever saw. If I am not in the world who can't spell "dog"; 40 is now. mistaken, there never was a glamorous pub­ percent of the people in the world who can't In the last century, a great English sta•tes­ lic figure, there never has been a silver­ write "cat"; by unexplored oceans and un­ man looked ahead and declared. "You cannot tongued orator in the Senate, who served as tamed weather; by poverty and injustice in fight against the future. Time is on our side." long as 56 years in the Congress of the United our own land; by giant cities that need re­ Well, was Gladstone really right? Some States. building; by our schools, our farms, our people wonder. His monuments are everywhere in the State hospitals and our corporations that need to Is time really on our side today, or is our of Arizona. But he was never a one-State change to keep up with that challenge; by all century already so different, and are we al­ Senator. He was the third Senator in every the unexpected and the unknown, including ready so beset and so divided by all of our State. the greatest of all-how to understand people problems that even time is working against His understanding, his generosity of spirit, and how to learn to live together in this world us? knew no boundaries, and no man will ever without war. There are some, I think, who might an­ leave this Hill-and I say this as sure of any­ So that is your agenda, and that is your swer yes, by their criticism or their cynicism. thing as I am sure my name is Lyndon John­ life. It will be your job and your privilege There are others who agree by their ob­ son-no man will ever leave service on this 1x> work on that agenda while you are here struction or their silence. Hill with more friends than Carl Hayden has. in Washington. There are few who surre:1der raason to No man will ever leave here with a prouder I hope all of you take it as your job--your passion and hope to frustration, who fear record of accomplishment. particular responsibility to repay that privi­ that they have no place in the future; or that The name Carl Hayden will stand for serv­ lege when yo'I.A. leave Washington by continu­ the future, itself, is overwhelmed by the vast ing the public interest as long as there is a ing to work as private citizens on your public complexity and variety of modern life. Congress. agenda, working in your law firms, in your I understand that some of you in the Wh~ te My friend, it is an understatement to say executive suites, on your campuses, on your House Fellows Association have been aski,ng that we shall miss you. city governments, and in your own towns. yourself some of these questions. America is stronger for wha-t you have done I am going to try, as one of my last orders, You want to know if time is on our side, in these 56 years, and it is going to be poorer to see that you do that. if you really have a relevant role to play; if, when you have left these halls. I am going to ask a committee of the 68 in fact, our problems might not have made I came here from the other end of the Ave­ White House Fellows, who I will take great your Association and your purposes obsolete nue today to speak on behalf of all the peo­ care in selecting, to work with me and some even before you get orga.nized and get going. ple, to tell you that you fought a goOd fight. of the Members of my Cabinet, with some Well, I am pleased that you are concerned. You haven't finish the course, but you have of those who have worked in my Administra­ That is the first evidence that we are making kept the faith. Everybody that knows you re­ tion, in the Kennedy Administration, in the progress. That is the first step to commit­ spects you and-I am speaking for the ladies, Truman Administration, and the Roosevelt ment and, I think, to success. too-loves you. Administration, to make a study of the I would like to try a.nd take you just one 13054 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 13, 1968 step further in the few moments I have with that our Nation is the envy of the world, and That is your America. you by suggesting some answers and also by that there are citizens all over the world who It is a growing and going concern. It is not suggesting some actions for you as individ­ would just give anything to trade places slack and it is not soft. But it is creative uals, and to your association. for it. and it is challenging both to the muscle Let me first make clear my own commit­ We can remember that without ever being and to the mind. ment. satisfied with what we have or what we are. It is a land of limitless opportunity and This Nation is not going to retreat before It is difficult to put things in perspective. great promise for a.ll young people. There the future. This Administration has acted It is difficult to remember the giant strides is no more promise anywhere on this earth. for four long years now to meet the chal­ that have been brought to us, despite our For every lament about the alienation lenges of the day and to set the stage for many problems-to the miracles of life that of our young, you and I can point to mil­ new triumphs of tomorrow. we have taken so much for granted, despite lions of active, committed and involved We have believed that time is on our side, our plagues and our persecutions, despite young men and women who rea.J.ly deeply and we have tried to work every minute to our wars, despite the many calamities that believe in the American experiment, who are make the most of our time at the top. we have envisioned from time to time. willing to work for its improvement, who I promise you here and now this afternoon, And I have endured and lived through a want to broaden and deepen its successes, so that in the time left to us we will put every goodly number of them. that every American--every single one of last ounce of energy and strength, every last Man has persevered. us-may know the full blessings of democ­ second of the day, to strong, to timely, and, In the face of natural disasters, grea.t racy. I pray, to wise and to enduring purpose. tumults, setbacks and sins, generation after It is a big job. It is a most difficult and That is my personal commitment. That is generation of Americans and our fellows on hard job. But there a.re enough of you now my responsibility as your President. this planet have been blessed with fortune in the fourth year of this program to roll It is the only legacy that I am concerned after fortune. up your sleeves and do something about it. to leave to my successor-a Nation that has Through all the years, all the errors and all Your aa.s.ooiation is new, but you can be­ grown in achievement, a people that are the dangers, reform and improvement have gin small. Plant an oore, put down a seed. richer in fulfillment, an America that is unit­ been the password to man's increasingly You live aiDd you work for all of America. ed and strong in unfearing pursuit of the better and brighter future. You can see yourselves as the Johnny Apple­ greater achievement and fulfillment that the Man has been many things through all seeds of a new America. future offers us. the centuries of his existence, but he has When you leave Washington, you can be Now let me ask you a question: What is been wonderfully and mainly distinguished the ones to go out and plant the ideas and your responsibility? What legacy do you want by one characteristic of his human nature: plow the furrows that point to the fu­ to leave to your children? Man has always been, and I hope always will ture; that ca,n awaken and unite our Amer­ I hope that you will not tell them that you be, the great experimenter. icans in a new community of splendor with gave up on your world because you couldn't That is what you are. You are, after all, high, noble purposes. roll up your sleeves, as Rex Tugwell once one of my first experiments. You are relevant. We do care about you. said, and remake it overnight. The White House Fellows and the White You are needed. I hope you will be able to tell them, and House Fellows Association are really an ex­ You are a natiOil!al associa,tio.n, and I am I hope that you will be able to show them, periment in democracy. You have succeeded convinced that you have a national role that you found the road of life was hard; beyond many of our original hopes. to play in helping to master the human prob- you observed that it was steep and slow, but I ask you now, as individuals and as an 1-e:ms that concern you and concern me. that you made it to the mountain top. And association, to commit yourself, to dedicate Let me suggest something to you: You as you went along, you ·took your country yourself, to organize yourself, for the greater might want to organize by regional com­ with you. successes that you can bring to this Nation. mittees. Our new Allia,nce for Businessmen You are standing on one peak of life's You are relevant. No one can make your has done just that, to solve a great a,nd experience right this minute. experiment irrelevant but yourselves. ur~nt problem, under the leooership of Mr. You are young and you are privileged No one can make democracy obsolete but Henry Ford of Ford Motor Company, and Americans. You are bright. Most of you are the citizens of democracy who don't care. Mr. Paul Austin of Coca Oola. They are out, healthy, happy, and, I hope, well off. Ever since we began our great experiment going down the streets and the highways, How do you think you got that way? How originally in democratic government, there finding jobs for people who can't find jobs did that happen? have been those who wondered-sometimes for themselves-the hard-core unemployed. Some of you had to fight for the privileged in curiosity and a great many times in dis­ In just a few weeks now, the businessmen position that you have this afternoon. pair-whether this experiment would ever have demonstrated that they are winning But all through your years, all through work. that battle. In less than three months since the life of this Nation, other Americans were A century ago there were many who they first met here in the White House they fighting to raise you up. They were fighting thought we had reached a dead end. Abra­ have secured pledges for 111,000 new jobs to try to protect you. They were fighting to ham Lincoln had to remind those cynics for hard-core unemployed and disadvantaged try to better your life; to improve your sys­ and tllose skeptics that the American experi­ youth. tem of government; to give you new ad­ ment for all its failings, was plainly still, That is quite different from what it was vantages and better educational opp;:~rtuni­ the last best hope on earth. when I came into this town, when they had ties; to make you what you are, because they Thirty-five years ago the doubters thought the midget on Mr. Morgan's knee, and when refused to retreat before the future that has that we were up a blind alley. President the President was talking to businessmen now come true for you, for those of you who Franklin D. Roosevelt had to rally a people. in terms of economic royalists. are very gifted and young, and, I think by He had to prove the vitality of a system by Some of you are business executives. Some being both, you are very fortunate. urging our people not to be paralyzed by of you have the power and the opportunity One of the men who fought for you, and their doubts. to work as partners with this National Al­ who was fighting for you when I was a One of the most stirring speeches I have liance of Businessmen, to help those who young man and first came to this town, was ever heard in this town was when he stood can't help themselves. a close and dear friend. His name was Henry there on that bleak, windy March day and You will find many other partners who Stimson. He was a wise man with a warm took the oath of office. are ready and eager to cooperate with your place in his heart for young people. association on a great variety of social prob­ He left a legacy for the future: "Let them He said, "The only thing we have to fear lems-churches, law firms, universities, un­ learn," he said, "from our adventures. Let is fear itself." And how true that is this ions, farmers, the people of America who are them charge us with our failures. And let moment. Just a few years ago, some of these working harder than ever to try to solve the them do better in their turn. But let them people were saying that we had reached a problems of America. not tum aside from what they have to do, deadlock of democracy, but we moved on, Your regional committees could divide this nor think that criticism ever excuses or sub­ we moved away, and, I am proud to say, nation into four quarters. You could set a stitutes for inaction. Let them have hope we moved up. target list of problems and opportunities for and virtue and let them believe in mankind Again and again in the American experi­ each region. and its future, for there is good as well as ence, it is the pessimists who have proven The first target that I had when I came evil. And the man who tries to work for the to be the false prophets. It is the optimists to this town as a young man was to par­ good, believing in its eventual victory, while whose cour age and faith have carried us on. ticipate with a group of brain trusters, of he may suffer setback and sometimes even That ]s your inheritance. That is why you which I did not include myself. We wrote disaster, will never know defeat. The only are here in the White House this afternoon. the Report on Economic Conditions in the deadly sin that I know-the only deadly sin So it is your turn, now, to pick up and South. It was in the early 1930's. That report that I know-is cynicism." carry on. For every complaint about our spread all across the land and people started Isn't that the truth for your time, too? society and about our progress, you and I working on the recommendations. Isn't that the answer that you are looking can point to a new program. We can point We haven't completed all of them yet. for? to a new landmark act of the Congress. We One of the first ones to come out of it was It is not very difficult to poor mouth. It is can point to a new public or new private the minimum wage of 25 cents an hour. so comfortable and convenient sometimes to initiative; or a new partnership of business, Women were working in our section for 6 knock your own system. of government, of church, of community, of cents an hour. It is hard to remember, sometimes, that university and corporation, of American with I remember-well, I remember a lot of this is really a great and a going concern, American. things about that report. May 13, 1968 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 13055 You could, I think, set a time limit for I am proud and happy to announce that We had a situation like that in 1929, and results. I think you could set that time limit Judge William Hastie of the Third U.S. Dis­ we did lose it very shortly. We can lose it with that target here today. It could be your trict Court of Appeals will carry on for our here if we are not careful. next meeting a year from now. former and our very able chairman. The real income of the average American Then you could come back here with a Mrs. Johnson and I , finally, are very has risen 31 percent. That is a bigger gain new score card. You could come back to the pleased to congratulate all of you, and to than in the previous 19 years combined. President and tell the President that you wish you good fortune, and to tell you that For the. past five years of our period of have worked with the National Alliance of it has been good fortune to know those who prosperity, homebuilding was one of the Businessmen, that you have worked with Mr. have come before. We hope we will have a leaders in the advance. It contributed to our Gardner in his Urban Coalition, that you chance to meet those of you as you come prosperity and it also benefitted from our have worked on the campuses and the city forward. prosperity. We were building at least a mil­ halls, in the churches, and you have many lion-and-a-half homes a year, and we other partners. · REMARKS OF THE PRESIDENT UPON SIGNING showed that the housing industry need not You could come back here prepared to hold H.R. 10477, AMENDMENTS TO THE VETERANS' suffer the sharp ups and downs. up your scorecard and say, "Mr. President, ADMINISTRATION HOUSING LAW, THE CABINET But in 1966 the performance took a sharp like the National Alliance of Businessmen, RooM, MAY 7, 1968 turn for the worse. Homebuilding sagged to we have helped X number of unemployed Secretary Weaver, Members of Congress, the lowest level in 20 years. find a job. We have helped X number of busi­ Mr. Clark, Mr. Rogg, my friends the Home Thousands of builders were deprived of nessmen to involve themselves in the prob­ Builders: their livelihood and their profits were wiped lems of the city. We have helped X number I have not been too closely in touch with out. Hundreds of thousands of Americans of Negroes, Puerto Ricans, Mexican-Ameri­ home-building recently, but I can tell you lost their opportunity to buy or to build cans, Mexican-Indians, or under privileged, about a nice house where there is going to better homes. get into the classroom for the first time. We be a vacancy in January. The need for homes has always been there have gone out ourselves into X number of It is a good location. You have a four-year and the income was there. But the mortgage slums and we have worked with X number lease, with an option to renew at the pleas­ credit, which is the life blood of home build­ of mayors and local officials to try to get rid ure of the landlord. ing, was nowhere to be found. We just of those slums. We have tried to build new · It is very close to where you work. We couldn't get credit to build the homes that homes instead of burn old ones. We have have a playroom for dogs, children and we needed and that we had the income to used our management and our talents to grandchildren-and, Helen, for Godmothers. pay for. help X number of small businessmen im­ We could have avoided this if we could prove their lot and get ahead. We have served Open occupancy, too. I am particularly glad that you home­ have passed a tax increase. I knew it and the as a bridge between X number of city halls homebuilders knew it. and universities, between X numbers of uni­ builders timed your meeting to come to Washington at this period. As you know, I I called together the leadership of the versities and community leaders, between Congress and they told me we couldn't get the campus and the street corner, between am getting ready to move from my present residence, and I thought that some of you four votes in the entire committee of 25 for the executive suite and the ghetto store, and the tax bill. between the police station and the church, might want to give me some tips on how to remodel a Home on the Range for one I called together the business group of the factory, the supermarket, the farm, the this country, some 300 businessmen. There tenement and the apartment house. of the unemployed, or maybe how to pur­ chase a home on the Avenue for Presidents wasn't a one of them who would raise his A year from now, I hope that a committee hand for a tax increase. from your association wlll be able to come at Palm Springs. I come here to sign a measure that I think I called together the labor people and they to this house, to this room, and say to your did not favor a tax increase. President, "Mr. President, it was a privilege is of vital importance to all the people who want to build or who want to buy homes. In 1967, though, we went ahead and urged to work 12 months for my country at the the Congress publicly to pass it. top." It empowers our distinguished Secretary, Mr. Weaver, and the Administrator of Veter­ In August 1967 we repeated the recom- A tour of duty in Viet Nam is just 13 mendation. · months, as you know. ans Affairs, to adjust interest rates on FHA and GI home loans to changing market con­ In January 1968 and again in March of "We have tried to repay our country. We 1968 we have done the same thing. have remained committed and dedicated. We ditions for the next 17 months. Those market have done our best, singly and together, to conditions are changing and they are going The sad lesson of history is that it has this bring all of our people closer in the work to change more, if we don't get a tax bill meaning: It is time to show that America of building-building one united, one pro­ soon. has learned its lesson. gressive-yes, one peaceful America." Thanks to this particular act, the veteran While we have let this tax b111 languish, You should not need any greater challenge who has come home from Vietnam, the young we have seen mortgage interest rates go from than that. I hope you don't need any more wage earner who is on the way up in life, 5.5 percent to 7 percent and even 8 percent. encouragement than that. or the family that is seeking escape from Three years ago, no one would have believed But if you do, I am sure you will find that the ghetto wm find it easier to buy a home. that an 8 percent mortgage rate was possible encouragement in association with your other I think you homebuilders should know in the United States. But today interest rates White House Fellows. Some of them are so that I am very proud of America's home are nearing the highest point in 50 years and good that I have never let them leave the loan programs. They have helped to fulfill I think this is something that should dis­ White House. Some of them are so good that the dream of home ownership for 16 million turb every American. If we do not act now, I am taking them to Texas with me. American families, but unrealistic and ar­ an even worse shock is in store for you. I am sure that if you need some more bitrary interest ceilings can cripple these I want to warn you about it. encouragement, you too, can find it in the programs. If we do not act, 10 percent mortgage rates leadership of the distinguished American who The bill we will sign today which Con­ are ~ot outside the realm of possibility, ac­ has agreed to serve as Mr. Dillon's replace­ gressman Dorn and Senator Randolph, and cording to the best economists who can see ment. others, have helped to pass and brought into the future. Tight money is the price I want to pay a word of tribute to Mr. Dil­ here, will prevent that. that we pay for excess deficits and our refusal lon. I first knew him as a lieutenant in the This b111, important as it is, though, can­ to act on a tax bill in wartime. We have never Navy in this town. I don't know what he did not guarantee the prosperity of the home­ had a war during which we wouldn't pass before he put on that Navy uniform several building industry because homebuilding, like a tax bill. But now, for three years, we have decades ago, but I know what he has done every other industry, flourishes best in a said first we didn't need it; second, that we since. well-balanced and an expanding economy. couldn't afford it; third, it would hurt the He has served every day, doing the great­ The past seven years of unprecedented economy; and fourth, we ought to take care est good for the greatest number of peo­ prosperity have shown what a free economy of spending first. One excuse after the other. ple, trying to better humanity. I think this can do. We have created 10 million new jobs. Only responsible fiscal policy can check final job he has done as Chairman of the We have added nearly $250 billion to our inflation and prevent another disastrous White House Fellows is not one of the minor real output per year. credit crunch. Yesterday's long-awaited ac­ undertakings he has had, and it is not This increase alone is more than the tion by the House Ways and Means Com­ one of the smaller contributions of the many United States was able to produce in any mittee gives us some hope that we can soon that he and his wife have made to his year up to 1939. have a realistic tax bill. country. That is very significant, and I hope all of I congratulate the Congress and the com­ I want to salute and thank Mr. Dillon us understand it. We are not saying you mittee on that action. I asked the Leader­ for his understanding. never had it so good. We are just saying that ship this morning to please ask each conferee He is more fortunate than some of us in the increase in the Gross National Product to stand up and do what is best for his his health, his brains and his pocketbook, has been more than the entire Gross National country. but he has been willing to spend them all Product in the year 1939. If we must cut $4 billion in expenditures on trying to m ake this a better nation. So that is one of the things that your in­ to get $10 billion in taxes, we will do it. But The man who succeeds him I know will dustry has contributed toward and the eco­ if you cut more than $4 billion, you involve have a lot to shoot at, but he will do his best. nomics of this country have contributed great dangers. If the Congress will go along He is the Chairman of the President's Com­ toward. It is something we really don't want and take the action on the 10-8-4 formula, mission. to lose. if some individual can find another $2 billion 13056 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 13, 1968 that he can cut, he can always offer that in Here is where we were when we came in. So they chose to stand on their own, ask­ an amendment the rest of the year and let That is the income in America. I hope every ing to be treated not with sympathy, but the Congress vote on it. one of you Will see that. When you really to be treated with respect. We must act now to chart a course of fiscal "poormouth" and you feel sorry for your­ They want the burdens of responsibility, prudence. We are willing to accept the 10-8-4 self, think about your mother and your as well as the rewards. formula that the Appropriations Committee father and what they did in '29 to '31. They know the value of many things that of the House voted and that the Ways and Here is what you have done. You have some of us take for granted. Means Committee voted yesterday. gone from $466 right here to over $700. That None of us is completely safe from the ter­ We must do that if America is to fulfill is during these four years. You have almost rible accidents which could take our sight. her promise to her people, and most of all, doubled your personal income. Congressmen We are making progress in the fight against her responsibility to the world. have not doubled theirs, but the country as the many causes of blindness. Today our economic future is being de­ a whole has doubled it. Maybe the reporters Yet, we still have in America 400,000 people cided up here on Capitol Hill. We have come have not doubled it. But the facts are here: who are legally blind; a million more whose to a crossroads. One road leads to stable from $466 to a little over $700. That is per- eyes are so bad that they can't read a news­ economic expansion. , sonal income. (The President was speaking paper; and 3¥2 million who have only partial We have had 87 months of the greatest in billions of dollars.) vision. prosperity any nation has ever known, and Here is your corporate profits. Let's see What Sherrill, Larry and Leonard have the only time in all of our history we have about your income to your corporations. proven is that none of these people need be gone this long. Why must we sit idly by and '_I'hey were a little under $60 billion; here lost as wage earners or active family mem­ reverse that and go back downward? they are over $90 million. Up to 33 percent in bers, or contributors to our communities. The other road leads to a feverish boom. 3 Y2 to 4 years. One of the greatest pleasures I had early in One road leads to stable prices; the other Here is your personal income and your tax my days in the White House was to take a road leads to a step-up in inflation. receipts. Here it was $466. Then it moves up distinguished lawyer who w.as blind and put One road leads to easier credit; the other to $498. Then $538, $584, $626, and that is him on the Tax Court. The fine things I leads to soaring interest rates. '67; '68, you remember, goes up to $700. have heard about his perform.a.nce have real­ We have already paid more in extra in­ Here is the tax receipts. All the time the ly made me pleased that I took that action. terest rates and extra costs and extra high income was going up, even though we re­ It is true that none of us would envy your prices than we would get out of the whole duced taxes, tax receipts went up. handicap, but all of us would do well to envy tax bi11. This is the last one, the corporate profits your character. With these choices before us, I believe this before taxes and income tax receipts. Here is I remember once ove.rhearing an argu­ Nation will travel the road of reason, the the corporate profit. This is what they made ment between two men. One was blind. The road of restraint, the road of prudence, and after taxes. You see, when we came in here other man was chewing the blind man up the road of responsible fiscal policy. in '63 how much they had to make? They one side and down the other for a business I hope America will travel the right road, made $60 b1llion and we took only $20 bil­ decision he had made. because America must. I am doing every­ lion. Here they got $66 billion and we took When the argument was over, someone thing I know how to give the Congress and $24 billion. Here they got $76 billion and we went up to the sighted fellow and said, "You the country the kind of leadership they need took $26 billion. Here they made $83 b1llion should not have done that. Didn't you know in this trying hour. and we took $31 b1llion. Here they made $80 he was blind?" I have never thought that tax b1lls were billion and we took $33 bilUon. Look at this The man was a little surprised. "What does popular. I have never relied on polls for line here, the blue line. that have to do with anything?" he said. them. You can ask anybody, "Do you favor So those are not going down. Now, if you "That man has a better mind than you and a tax increase?" and the answer will be want to keep them going up, every business­ I put together and he made a stupid mistake. "No." man I know, every labor man I know, every He would never have forgiven me if I hadn't But if you ·ask them, "Do you favor a tax economist I know who is a student of this bawled him out." increase, or do you favor increased infla­ situation, they tell us that if you have a So I say to all of you that I would never tion, increased prices, and increased fiscal gross national product running over $800 bil­ have forgiven myself if I had not come here ruin?" that is a different matter. lion, with the expenditures that we have to to meet with you and to recognize you; to try I think the average person in this country make in the cities, in Vietnam, and our to gain strength from you, and to learn from is a prudent person and a fair person. We poverty program, if you would avoid infla­ you. cannot fight a war in our cities, we cannot tion, if you would avoid runaway prices, if Thank you. fight a war on poverty, we cannot fight a you would avoid high interest rates, if you war on ignorance and illiteracy and disease, would avoid a slump in the home-building EXCHANGE OF REMARKS BETWEEN THE PRESI­ we cannot fight aggressors in Vietnam and industry, then you must have a moderate DENT AND PRIME MINISTER. THANOM Krrri­ reduce taxes at the same time. tax b111. KACHOR.N, OF THAILAND, THE SOUTH LAWN, Yet I want to show you what we have done. We have had it in every war we have MAY, 8, 1968 These are the individual income tax rates. been in. We must have it now. The PR.EsmENT. Your Excellency, Lady Now, when I became President, the person I don't know what is going to happen, but Chongkol, Secretary and Mrs. Rusk, General who made $1,000 a year was paying a 20 I am going to do my best and I hope that all and Mrs. Chapman, Distinguished Guests, percent rate. We reduced that to 14. The of you will do yours. Ladies and Gentlemen, Welcome to the person who earned from $2,000 to $4,000 was United States. paying a 20 percent rate. We reduced that to REMARKS OF THE PRESIDENT AT THE PR.IESEN­ It has been many months since we began 17. The person who made $8,000 to $12,000 TATION OF ANNUAL SCHOLARSHIP ACHIEVE­ planning this visit. Yet, because of the events was paying 26 percent. We reduced that to MENT AWARDS TO BLIND COLLEGE STUDENTS of the last few days, your arrival today is 22 percent. Miss Peterson, Mr. Baker, Mr. DuBoff: I especially timely. The person who earned $44,000 to $52,000 am very glad to welcome you here to the There is a fresh breeze of hope circulating was paying 59 percent. We reduced that to Cabinet Room of the White House today. around the world. It concerns both of our 50 percent. The person who was earning over We have the very distinct pleasure of pre­ nations, as well as many other nations. $400,000 was paying 91 percent. We reduced senting awards to three outstanding young Thus, it is a good time for men to meet that to 70 percent. people-people who each in their own way and to reflect, it is a time to set our long­ If we had the same tax rates that we had represent a triumph of the spirit. term aims and our aspirations for the days when I became President, before we got into They are blind. ahead. the difficulties that we have, the extra ex­ Sherrill Peterson has been blind since Mr. Prime Minister, America's aims are penditures, we would take in $24 billion more birth. simple and straightforward. this year. Larry Baker and Leonard DuBoff became We believe that freedom and peace in Now, I am not asking you to go back to blind as young men. America can only be secured if America re­ the rates that we had here under the Ken­ They have more in common than their mains involved in, and concerned With, the nedy Adm.lnistration and the Eisenhower handicap: They share a determination, a self­ future of human freedom throughout the Administration. I am asking you to just go respect and a faith in their own ability. world. back enough to get not $24 billion, but $10 Each one is graduating in the top few per­ We believe that the cause of freedom and billion of the $24 billion. That is all. centage points of his or her class. If they progress can be worked for both economically Here is the corporate tax rate. This is your had been lesser than human beings, they and politically. corporate tax rate. I reviewed these this could have taken a C.ifferent path. They could The experience of Thailand over recent morning with the Leadership. have wallowed In self-pity, depending on years shows that great economic progress is The corporation that had earnings of charity and living very empty lives. They possible when a motivated people seek it, $25,000, we charged them 30 percent. We could have let their blindness become more and work toward it, in freedom. The Thai reduced that when we came in to 22 percent. than just a physical affliction. economic growth rate over the last seven A corporation here was paying 52 percent. But they knew, as we do, that the time years has surpassed 7 percent per year-one We reduced that to 48 percent. Now we are has passed when the handicapped are shunted of the highest rates in all the world. just asking for a part of it. off in the backwaters of society, and the We believe that human freedom thrives Here is your personal income. Let me show time has passed when our only attitudes to­ best when men have the right to determine you what we were doing. ward the blind are pity and rejection. their own political destiny. May 13, 1968 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 13057

That has been our aim in Vietnam: to help REMARKS OF THE PRESIDENT AT PRESENTATION The editorial follows: a nation in its struggle to determine its own OF YOUNG AMERICAN MEDALS, THE CABINET GUILT BY VERBAL ASSOCIATION destiny. As that simple--but very difficult­ RooM, MAY 9, 1968 objective becomes secure, the American role That felicitous writer, Malcolm Mugge­ Attorney General Clark, Directo.r Hoover, ridge, is justifiably unhappy at the way other in Vietnam will diminish and disappear. I Dean Griswold, Distinguished Members of stated that in Manila in 1966; it was stated members of his craft (and practically every­ Congress, Ladies and Gentlemen: one else) are misusing the word "ghetto" in by General Westmoreland again in late 1967; This morning we have COine here to the it has been stated by our Secretary of State, connection with race relations. His remarks Cabinet Room beoo.use it gives us an oppo;r­ are worth noting, and not just because of the and Secretary Clifford restated it just a few tunity to honor courage--not, as often in weeks ago. fate of one small word, although that too these times, the courage of the battlefield, has significance as a symptom. In Bangkok in 1966, at your beau~iful un~­ but the quieter courage that is exhdbited by versity there, I said to the }eaders m Hano1: "I agree with Orwell," the former editor of our finer citizens in their everyday life. Punch recently wrote the New York Times, "Let us lay aside our arms and sit down at I am doubly pleased beoause these awards the table of rea,son . . . enough of this sor­ "that the maintenance of the true mean.Lng pay tribute to the idealism and the com­ and correct usage of words is one of the row ... Let us begin the work of healing ..." mitm.ent of our American youth. There is hope now, finally, some hope that essentials of civilization, and requires our There is a great deal of ferment among constant vigilance. Already words like that offer will bear fruit and that an honor­ many of our people today. Some of it is fool­ able peace could come. 'liberation' and 'love' have become so cor­ ish and some of it is self-destructive. But rupted that one scarcely drures to use them The world knows that the brave Thai most of it represents power-power for good, people have been in the front rank of tho~e anymore. power for constructive change. I think most "Nor should we forget that in the days who fought the good fight for freedom m of it is brave and most o:f it is selfless. Southeast Asia. Thailand was the first na­ of the wartime alliance, in all the weightiest William Glynn is r·eceiving the Young organs of Western opinion, Stalin's Russia tion-the first nation-to join with America American Medal for Bravery. He was just in the successful UN effort in Korea in 1950. was invariably inducted among the 'free­ 15 years old when he saved a drowning man dom-loving powers.' In England at this Thailand was the first member to ratify the off Long Island. For more than two hours, SEATO Treaty. Thai troops today s·tand and moment we are paying-and bitterly-for he battled 14-foot waves to keep the ex­ indulging in the linguistic pretense that we fight shoulder to shoulder with us in South hausted and the unconscious man from slip­ Vietnam. had set up a 'multiracial commonwealth' ping away to a certain death. when no such thing existed... .'' Mr. Prime Minister, it is good to have such Carmalita C.apllla and Mary Lynne Dono­ a staunch ally by one's side as we begin this As to the "ghetto" itself, Mr. Muggeridge hue are receiving medals for service. makes these comments: time of hope and recommitment to our carmalita devoted almost all of her free principles. time helping the less fortunate mentally "No sane person, I think, will wish to con­ to tradict me when I say that the ghetto, as it Welcome again. We look forward with great 111 at Hawall State Hospital. One hospital existed Ln Imperial Russia and Poland, can­ pleasure to the time tha.t you can spend here official said, "You could follow Carmalita b! with us and to the profitable exchanges that the trail of smiles she left with the patients. not be equated with, say, Harlem today. In we sincerely believe will take place. Mary Lynne was president of the She­ some respects conditions were worse, in some The PRIME MINISTER. Mr. President, Mrs. boygan Association of Youth. She directed better; they were in no wise the same. . . . Johnson, Ladies and Gentlemen: more than 1,000 young people in fund raising "By equating Negro slums with a ghetto, May I express my heartfelt appreciation, for the March of Dimes and the USO. on the one hand white racialism-in itself Mr. President, for your generous words of She was a member of the Steering Com­ bad enough in all conscience--is associated greeting. mittee of the Sheboygan Human Rights with the additional horrors of Nazi anti­ My wife and I have been happy to accept Association. Somehow, she still managed to Semitism. On the other the white bourgeois your kind invitation to visit the United finish in the top five percent of her high champion of the Negro can see his wrongs in States and to bring with us for you, Mr. Pres­ school class. terms of pogroms and other distant and re­ ident, and for Mrs. Johnson and the Ameri­ There were 70 other nominees-from 23 mote wickednesses, rather than of nearby can Nation, the greetings and good wishes of States, Guam, and Puerto Rico--who did not and present social and economic inequalities.'' Their Majesties the King and Queen, as well win medals. But we value them nonetheless. Not only is the racial picture thus doubly as those of the Thai people. In this period of our history, when we so distorted. In addition, the very real progress We also vividly remember your visit to our often see on our screens and so often read that a great many Negroes have made over country, the first official visit ever paid by a in our newspapers the mistakes that have the years tends to get submerged. President of the United States to Thailand. been made and the errors that have been we realize that it is considered Polly­ The Thai people greatly rejoiced in welcom­ committed, it is refreshing and stimulating annaish or worse, in these days of white ing you as the Chief of State of a country we, to hear and see some of the things that make breast-beating, to speak of Negro progress. in Thailand, hold to be our great friend and our Nation the great nation that it is. Yet the simple fact is that a large· Negro ally. They-and you-are a credit to your gen­ middle class and a smaller upper class do Mr. President, while some people may not eration. You are an inspiration to your Presi­ exist; Negro publications themselves stress be clear in their thinking, as their minds dent and to your country. the rewards to businessmen of appealing to are beclouded by doubts, we in Thailand Thank you very much. the Negro market. And this fact, along with fully realize and appreciate how much the the undeniable poverty and other ills that United States and its gallant soldiers have many suffer, is surely an important part of done and are still doing to help defend small the whole story. nations against aggression and, thus, to pre­ Negroes, in short, are not locked up in serve the delicate peace in the world. GUILT BY VERBAL ASSOCIATION ghettos in the cus.tomary connotation of the We know the extent of sacrifices such a de­ term. If a man is born in a slum, he is able cision involves, but the lesson of the recent to leave it, and the proof is that considerable past tells us that they are smaller than those HON. TOM STEED numbers of Negroes are doing so all the time. which would have to be borne if the aggres­ OF OKLAHOMA It should also be mentioned that the spe­ sors were allowed to strengthen themselves IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES cial characteristic of largely Negro areas in with the spoils of their victims. Monday, May 13, 1968 the past 15 years or so is not. that they are The Thai Nation and, indeed the free uniformly grim (Harlem certamly is not). It nations of Asia, will always remember you, Mr. STEED. Mr. Speaker, it is always is that slum conditions have been hugely Mr. President, as the courageous defender of beneficial to ' have as much common­ aggravated by an invasion, the in-migration freedom in Asia and as the man who has sense and reason as possible brought to of millions of unskilled, little educated peo­ spared the United States and the world from bear when great and pressing public ple from rural regions. Had that not oc­ another holocaust. curred, it is a safe bet there would be less Thailand, on its part, has accepted to problems generate intense reactions in denunciation of ghettos today. shoulder its share of sacrifices and responsi­ the Nation. In the current concern with Far from fencing in anybody in a ghetto, bility. At the same time, the Thai Nation and some of our domestic problems i't is easy American society has tried hard to provide people are with you and those enlightened for hysteria and snap judgment to lead equal opportunities for Negroes as well as Americans in your incessant quest for a us into making serious mistakes. all other citizens. Our courts, our laws, the lasting and meaningful peace--a genuine The attached editorial in the Wall mass of public opinion, all are on the si~e peace which is not a facade covering a sur­ Street Journal of May 13, 1968, is the of Negro advancement. Maybe a _little cred1t render-but a peace which guarantees free­ best application of some commonsense is due, considering that the d1fficulties of dom and the right for small nations to exist economic improvement and genuine integra­ with dignity and independence. in relation to current problems that I tion are imposing indeed. A society running With this purpose in mind, we have come have seen. I hope this reproduction of ghettos doesn't even try. to Washington to join with you, Mr. Presi­ these wise words will add much needed It is inadequate so far, of course; that is dent, in our unrelenting search for a peace­ emphasis to this kind of thinking. We universally acknowledged. More than ac­ ful and progressive future in Southeast Asia. can use it. knowledged, white people are doing things CXIV--823-Part 10 13058 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 13, 1968 about it on their own, quite apart from the the challenge. The United States may not be Mr. Martin loved his colleagues and legal structure. able to meet it alone. ·certainly all of the old-timers who knew Increasingly they are endeavoring to in­ American foreign policy in the future will volve themselves personally, somehow, in probably become closely tied to two other him as I did loved Joe Martin. I miss Negro problems. Business enterprises plainly nations, one in Europe, one in Asia. The Fed­ him and I feel that the country has lost are doing it, especially in the concrete sense eral Republic of Germany presents itself as a great American. of making a concerted effort to furnish more a growing, thriving, strong nation, ready to jobs for Negroes. Some of the efforts will be assume the major role of responsibility in unavailing, but a people generally afflicted European affairs. The possibility is strong with a ghetto mentality would not be react­ that she wm eclipse both France and England U.S. ATTORNEY GENERAL CLARK ing in this fashion. as the leader of Europe. Japan, already rank­ SHOULD RESIGN The usage and meaning of certain words ing third in the world's output of goods and almost inevitably do change with time, and services, will provide a powerful force to off­ the process is not always bad. What is at set the threat of Communist China in Asia. least unfortunate is when words are falsified Thus, the Free World's defense against Com­ HON. JAMES H. (JIMMY) QUILLEN in order, as Mr. Muggeridge observes, to make munism can rest on a triangle composed of OF TENNESSEE them serve political ends. the United States, Germany, and Japan. Ger­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES many can be allowed to take the initiative in Monday, May 13, 1968 the defense of Europe; Japan can exert pres­ sure in Asia, and the resources of the United Mr. QUILLEN. Mr. Speaker, WKPT U.S. ROLE IN FOREIGN AFFAIRS TO­ States can be further diverted to the real radio station in Kingsport, Tenn., re­ DAY AND TOMORROW foundation of any nation's foreign policy­ cently broadcast an editorial of the air friendly relations with other nations. by Mr. Martin Karant in which they While resistance to Communism is the basic tenent of our fore.ign policy today, and urged that U.S. Attorney General Clark HON. LARRY WINN, JR. is likely to remain so in the foreseeable resign. Because I am in agreement, I OF KANSAS future, the mere defeat of armed aggres­ wish to call this editorial to the attention IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES sion cannot be the sole purpose of a foreign of my colleagues and the readers of the policy. Building up a large circle of friends Monday, May 13, 1968 RECORD: and allies on which a nation can rely in times U.S. ATTORNEY GENERAL CLARK SHOULD Mr. WINN. Mr. Speaker, the Congres­ of trouble must be the ultimate goal of in­ RESIGN sional Club of my district in Kansas re­ ternational relations. The emerging nations of Africa and the struggling nations of Latin (By Martin Karant) cel11tly sponsored an essay contest en­ America provide fertile ground for either Attorney General Ramsey Clark should titled "Week in Washington." The par­ building strong and lasting friendships or make up his mind ... and right away ... ticipants were invited to submit essays creating enemies. Both will be extremely im­ that he is either going to enforce the laws treating the subject of "U.S. Role in For­ portant areas in the future, and both have of the land fairly and impartially, or resign. eign Affairs Today and Tomorrow.'' I been sadly neglected during recent years. According to our understanding of the am pleased to offer to my colleagues for Latin America, for example, has often been duties of this high offi.ce, Clark is sworn to their reference a profound and compre­ subjected to "Yankee Imperialism," and protect the public from those who would hensive essay on the subject which was "Dollar Diplomacy," blots which are hard to break our laws ... laws that have been put erase. The governments are unstable; the on the books for the specific reason of pro­ prepared by the winner, Mr. Lewis Wall, economic conditions are poor; the peasants tecting all of us against anyone or any group who is a senior at Shawnee-Mission are restless and looking for leadership. Can that would seek to overthrow our govern­ North High School in Johnson County, the United States, in her own best interests ment by force and/or violence. Our laws, Kans. The full text of Mr. Wall's essay (as well as furthering humanitarian goals) federal, state and local ... are clear in out­ is as follows: alleviate some of these conditions to help lining that our police are empowered . . . in establish stability? Undoubtedly she can and fact, SWORN ... to arrest anyone caught THE U.S. ROLE IN FOREIGN AFFAmS TODAY AND committing a felony and to use whatever ToMORROW must, always remembering that the object of her endeavors is not exploitation, but the reasonable force is necessary to apprehend (By Lewis Wall) establishment of mutual respect, friendship, and hold the criminal. Clark has almost The United States, with her powerful mili­ and a firm foundation for democratic order. wiped out this important requirement of the tary and industrial complex intact, emerged With a foreign policy based on these three law by saying publicly that he doesn't agree as the world's most powerful nation after principles, the United States can truly be the with police shooting arsonists and looters World War II. W1llingly or not, she was thrust ideal of Daniel Webster: " ... a vast and ... that human life is more important than into the leadership of the world, completely splendid monument, not of oppression and property rights. On the face of it, that reversing the isolationist foreign policy of the terror, but of wisdom, peace, and of liberty, sounds great. But think about the enormous 1920's and 1930's. The world breathed a sigh upon which the world may gaze with admira­ implications of saying to pclice, "Don't shoot of relief, hoping that at last confiict could tion forever." those looters you catch red-handed. Don't be at an end. The United States and the shoot that guy with a molotov cocktail. His Soviet Union appeared to be allied in com­ life is worth more than the property he is mon cause, and a spirit of post-war friend­ going to burn, even if there happen to be ship prevailed. The Russians soon proved, TRffiUTE TO THE HONORABLE JOE innocent people in the target building." however, that they were friendly merely to MARTIN Laws are instituted for only one purpose: regain their lost strength. They began op• to place some sort of penalty on committing posing the United States in the fledgling crimes against the welfare of the people, thus United Nations instead of cooperating to HON. W. R. POAGE providing a deterrent to taking advantage of innocent citizens. When laws are broken, pen­ achieve peaceful ends. Eastern Europe tum­ OF TEXAS bled into Russian hands through deceit, sub­ alties should be infiicted as quickly, fairly version, and blatant violation of the pact IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and as impartially as possible. made to insure free and democratic elections. Monday, May 13, 1968 All citizens have the right to protest those China collapsed and the Nationalists tied to laws they deem to be unfair ... but their Formosa. The Cold War began. Mr. POAGE. Mr. Speaker, Joe Martin right of protest does NOT include license to Today, the United States stands alone, so was such a human and such a lovable burn, loot or kill. Attorney General Clark it would seem, in a sea of troubles. Beset with character that I would not want to allow has practically wiped out the biggest deter­ the antagonism of the French, confronted this opportunity to go by without add­ rent to these crimes by his public state­ with the setting of the sun on the British ing my own word of appreciation for ments. Empire, and bewildered by a confusing war The Justice Department has been "investi­ in Vietnam, the United States is faced with his long and sincere service to our coun­ gating" such men as Stokely Carmichael and the awesome task of resisting Communist ag­ try. Rap Brown for months. Both of these men gression wherever it appears. To be policeman As would be imagined, I often found have publicly urged open insurrection by for the world is not an easy task, but trou­ myself in disagreement with Mr. Martin, force and violence. The results of their urg­ bles notwithstanding, the United States now but I never found myself doubting his ings have been seen by millons of Americans maintains that position. The question is sincerity or patriotism. On two differ­ as cities have been burned and looted ... whether or not she will be able to continue ent occasions I served under Mr. Mar­ innocent people have been completely wiped to do it in the future. tin's speakership. He was partisan. He out of their lifetime earnings . . . and police The United States, unlike Atlas, cannot and firemen have been subjected to sniper carry the burden of the world forever. recognized that he was Speaker by rea­ fire in the performance of their sworn duty Eventually, as all nations must do, she will son of being a Republican, but he was to protect lives and property. Brown is now begin to weaken and falter. Still, the threat fair and he was dedicated to the wel­ in jail on a relatively innocent charge, while of Communist aggression must be met. A fare of America-and as I see it, this is Carmichael remains free to continue his in­ problem arises as to the method of meeting the test of a good public official. cendiary attempts to subvert and destroy May 13, 1968 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 13059

this nation. And the Justice Department is of payments position is the shrinking of our it fails to meet a deadline for payment of still investigating! trade balance-as imports increase and ex­ Federal ta~es. In an appeal for funds ad­ Are we talking about racism? Definitely ports become more difficult due to inflation dress,ed to "Brothers and Sisters of the Move­ NOT! We're simply talking about the rule of in our economy. ment," SDS Nllltional Secretary Mike Spiegel LAW! Without law we have anarchy ... HOLIDAYS indicated the organization owes $10,000 in it's that simple. We submit that by his in­ The House last week passed a bill which Federal taxes, but did not disclose when the activity and by his public statements, At­ eventually would give the nation four long money is due. torney General Ramsey Clark is substituting (three-day) week-end holidays a year. It In Washington, the Internal Revenue Serv­ his personal opinions for the laws he has would do this by specifying that Washing­ ice would neither oonflrm nor deny that the sworn to uphold. Thus, he should resign. ton's Birthday would be celebrated on the militant leftwing group owes back taxes. Think about it! third Monday in February, Memorial Day on There is "nothing of a public record nature" the last Monday in May, Columbus Day on to report, a spokesman said. the second Monday in October and Veterans Spiegel charged that "Washington has Day on the fourth Monday in October. The made a serious move against us. The damage REPORT TO CONSTITUENTS changes would take place in 1971, giving the which the government can inflict upon the states time to enact conforming legislation. na1lional office is total destruction." Stating The Senate has not acted on the bill. that "our accountants now estimate that the HON. JOHN W. BYRNES total damage will be approximately $10,000," MISCELLANY Spiegel said that "if we do not have the OF WISCONSIN I had a chance to talk with many Out­ money when payment is demanded, they can IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES agamie residents on federal problems and close the office and confiscate any equipment Monday, May 13, 1968 legislation during office hours in Appleton as payment of taxes. If we do not have thrut on May 3 . . . On the same trip home, I was money, the national office is finished, done, Mr. BYRNES of Wisconsin. Mr. Speak­ pleased to speak at the dedication of a new closed, over.... We need the help, there are er, under leave to extend my remarks, I parking mall in West De Pere-a civic im­ no alternatives." include the following report to my provement built without federal assistance. Spiegel also cbarged that "the liberals are forsaking us," because "the McCarthy and constituents: Kennedy candidacies have rechanneled a REPORT TO CoNSTITUENTS large amount of financial support." Claiming PAYING THE PRICE WILL IRS SHUT DOWN STUDENTS thrut SDS is "deep 1n debt," Spiegel said staff The nation and its citizens wlll now start FOR A DEMOCRATIC SOCIETY members currently are being paid only $15 to pay the price of the ruinous fiscal policies a week. pursued by the Democratic Administrations The letter of appeal said the SDS financial of the 1960's. Last week, agreement was crisis has arisen at a time "of incredible im­ reached by a conference committee on an HON. JOHN M. ASHBROOK portance in American hlsrtory. . . . There are income tax increase and a cutback in federal OF OHIO SDS programs going on in many cities this spending. It was an agreement (which still IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES summer--on the dra.ft, on racism and around grass root grievance issues in the community. must be ratified by both the Senate and Monday, May 13, 1968 House) made necessary by what the Chair­ Good projects are setting up to work With the man of the Federal Reserve Board has oalled Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Speaker, it ap­ army and with the national guard to build our "worst financial crisis since 1931". That resistance and encourage defection.... " pears that the Federal Government may SDS has announced that its national con­ crisis has been caused by the Democratic be taking a step in the right direction. " policy of increasing, rather than limiting, vention will be June 10-15 at East Lansing, non-defense spending during a oostly war, According to the bulletin of the Amer­ Mich., location of Mich~gan State University. thus p111ng up unmanageable deficits, both ican Council on Education, the national in our national budget and our international offices of Students for a Democratic So­ accounts. ciety may be forced to close because of TAX INCREASE failure to pay their Federal taxes. GRAND JURY REPORTS ON BAIL Every taxpayer (except those with taxable It seems strange that the Internal Rev­ BONDS income under $1000), under the agreement, enue Service would do such a thing to will receive a 10% boost in his Federal taxes, the "brothers and the sisters" of SDS retroactive to April 1 (corporations, to Janu­ when they have law-abiding, Govern­ HON. PAUL G. ROGERS ary 1) . In addition, scheduled decreases in ment-supporting, antiriot-oriented citi­ automobile and telephone taxes wm not go OF FLORIDA into effect. Increases in withholding wm zeil6 to concern themselves with. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES start the 15th day after enactment. Higher Education and National Af­ fairs, the bulletin to which I referred, Monday, May 13, 1968 SPENDING CUT said: The agreement calls for a spending cut in Mr. ROGERS of Florida. Mr. Speaker, FY 1969 (beginning this July 1) of $6 billion, SDS National Secretary Mike Spiegel indi­ as the sponsor of H.R. 16219 tightening from 186.1 blllion to 180.0 billion. Under the cated the organization owes $10,000 in Fed­ the bail bonding procedures, I was agreement, Congress will cut expenditures to eral taxes • • • thea-e are no alternatives. pleased to learn that the Federal grand the extent it can; to the extent its cuts fall Possibly the word should have gone jury here in Washington, D.C., has of­ below $6 billion, the President will be re­ out from SDS national headquarters to ficially recommended similar legislation. quired to reduce actual spending to reach As the Washington Evening Star indi­ the limit. Let no one minimize the difficulty members at Columbia University. Then of making these reductions. The wails of these members and loyal followers could cated in its editorial of April 25, which those whose pet project, program or proposal have hocked the fixtures from captured appears at the end of these remarks, the is cut back will be heard throughout the buildings rather than merely breaking grand jury was disturbed to find numer­ land. them up. ous crimes committed by people out on PRICE As quoted in the bulletin, if SDS goes bond and awaiting trial in previous The price then of the Administration's under the American people will be spared cases. This is all too often the case, and spending binge will come high: substantial "good projects" which are being estab­ under current procedures, the judge in tax increases cutting into take-home pay; lished "with the Army and with the Na­ setting bond can only co~sid cr the avail­ what's left of take-home pay being further tional Guard to build resistance and en­ ability of the individual to appear at time reduced by rising prices and rising interest courage defection." of trial, not the safety of the public. H.R. rates; drastic cutbacks in federal programs, Things must really be out of hand if 16219 would allow a judge to consider delaying local projects, and, over-all, the the safety of the community at large as threat that, if these remedies do not work the administration cannot save SDS. well as the appearance of the person more of the same bitter medicine will b~ Maybe Internal Revenue has not received required in order to prevent an economic the word, yet, from the President and charged with a crime. collapse. the Attorney General. This legislation represents a step in TRADE The excerpt from the May 10, 1968, the direction now recommended by the My committee, Ways and Means, will begin bulletin of the American Council on Federal grand jury here. I urge every Member of Congress interested in the hearings early next month on the general Education follows: subject of the balance of trade between the war on crime to give it careful considera­ U.S. and foreign nations. Testimony is ex­ STUDENTS FOR A DEMOCRATIC SOCIETY CHARGES tion. pected from many industries feeling the ef­ FEDERAL TAX CASE MAY CAUSE ITS OFFICE TO The editorial follows: fects of low-cost foreign imports-including CLOSE dairy products, mink furskins and shoes (in­ The national office of Students for a Demo­ GRAND JURY REPORT dustries affected in our district). Part of the cratic Society claimed this week it will be A grand jury generally is something of a reason for the growing deficit in our balance forced to close its headquarters in Chicago if faceless institution. It returns indictments 13060 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 13, 1968 in certain cases. It refwoes to indict in others. spicuous exception: the farmer. He is on a de­ tion centers or "concentration camps" for And then the members, having done their pression-level basis while the rest of the Negroes. The •sedulously cultivated rumor has civic duty, call it a day and go their respec­ economy is enjoying a boom. inflamed frightened ghetto dwellers in spite tive ways. Part of the explanation may be that the of the denials of federal officials, who have Not so with a grand jury which recently American farmer is being victimizad by stamped the alleged plan as "wild" and "un­ completed its two-month stint in our United monopolies-notably in the grain r;rade which constitutional." The need for caution has not States District Court. These grand jurors, seems to be dominated by a handful of com­ deterred the enthusiasts of the HUAC. The having been exposed day after day to the panies. I am concerned with what :;,eems to Committee has sought to corroborate the criminal parade, decided that they had a be a trend toward monopoly and strMILWAUKEE JOURNAL CALLS UPON crimes. Wheat was not in surplus and that P.L. 480 GENERAL HERSHEY TO RETIRE To sum it up the members of this grand directs the Department to move commodities jury have urged Congress to help curb crime in excess supply. in Washington to the extent that it is within Today the price of both Red Winter Wheat the power of the legislators to do so. We and corn in Chicago emphasizes that both of HON. ROBE.RT W. KASTENMEIER hope the congressmen will give very careful these commodities are very much in surplus. OF WISCONSIN consideration to their report. May wheat in Chicago, for example, is 13% IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES cents per bushel under Kansas City. I think there is an opportunity to provide at least Monday, May 13, 1968 a little help to farmers now by programming Mr. KASTENMEIER. Mr. Speaker, the PRICE AND MONOPOLY TRENDS IN additional quantities of Soft Red Winter still unreleased report of a three-man GRAIN MARKETS Wheat and corn for export under P.L. 480. Sincerely yours, Presidential task force, which includes PAUL FINDLEY, General Hershey, vetoes any basic reform Representative in Congress. of the Nation's draft system this year. HON. PAUL FINDLEY This task force, which was set up to re­ OF ILLINOIS view the recommendations made by the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES National Advisory Commission on Se­ Monday, May 13, 1968 HOUSE UN -AMERICAN ACTIVITIES lective Service, took exception to every COMMITTEE FANS THE FLAMES major reorganizational reform suggested Mr. FINDLEY. Mr. Speaker, concerned by the Commission. about the trend toward monopoly in The only chance for any favorable re­ grain markets and the downward trend HON. WILLIAM S. MOORHEAD vision of the Selective Service System will of grain prices, I have asked Agriculture OF PENNSYLVANIA have to rest with a new administration, Secretary Freeman to investigate monop­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES oly conditions and program com and and, hopefully, the new President will Red Winter wheat under Public Law Monday, May 13, 1968 remove the aging General Hershey, the 480. Mr. MOORHEAD. Mr. Speaker, at a major obstacle to any reform, and his Following is the text of my letter to time when this Nation's greatest need is philosophy from the Selective Service Mr. Freeman: for harmony and understanding between System. the races, the Un-American Activities Mr. Speaker, it is in this respect that Hon. ORVILLE FREEMAN, to Secretary of Agriculture, Committee of this body has done all I would like call to the attention of my Department of Agriculture, Americans a great disservice by issuing colleagues an editorial which appeared in Washington, D.C. an inflammatory special report about al­ the May 4, 1968, Milwaukee Journal. The DEAR MR. SECRETARY : Last week the price leged guerrilla warfare against the Journal, one of the Nation's most re­ of wheat in Chicago tumbled to the lowest spected newspapers, calls for the retire­ level in 26 years. In terms of constant dol­ United States by its own citizens. The Pittsburgh Post-Gazette properly ment of General Hershey. The editorial lars, that price is only about half of what follows: it was 26 years ago. In the case of corn, it is denounced the committee's report in an very much the same story. editorial in its May 9 edition. Under OLD SoLDIER SHOULD QUIT The price spread between the May and leave to extend my remarks, I insert the Gen. Hershey, the selective service director December wheat futures in Chicago is ap­ editorial at this point in the RECORD and an old soldier who never says die, seems proximately 13 cents per bushel. In other and commend it to the attention of my to have won another round. A three man words, carrying charges on wheat amount to presidential task force, of which he was a nearly 30 cents per bushel per year, not in­ colleagues: member, has rejected substantial draft re­ cluding interest. As you know, freight rates HOUSE UN-AMERICAN ACTIVITIES COMMITTEE forms proposed a year ago by a 20 member on grain were increased a few months ago FANS THE FLAMES commission named by President Johnson. and a further boost is now being sought. For The bumbling House Un-American Activi­ The commission strongly criticized the some Great Plains wheat producers it costs ties Committee must be credited with consist­ sprawling, loosely knit, free wheeling selec­ more than 30 cents per bushel to move ency. In critical periods it can be depended tive service system with its 4,000 neighbor­ wheat to terminal markets. The price of on to compound confusion and heighten ten­ hood draft boards, 56 state headquarters bread continues to go up, even as wheat sions. At a time when federal and local gov­ and 95 appeal boards. It declared that local prices decline. ernments are trying to dampen smoldering boards, manned by private citizens, were In other words, everyone involved in the racial hostilities, the HUAC has predictably using widely varying standards in classifying picture--the freight handler, the warehouse­ burst into the scene with a can of kerosene. young men. It proposed a federally co-ordi­ man, the processor and the retailer-seems A favorite fiction of black militants is that nated system with eight regions and 300 to to be doing all right--with this one con- the federal government is preparing deten- 500 regional offices in major population cen- May 13, 1968 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 13061 ters, working under sharply defined and uni­ Public works D In the 30's when I was in grade school, lt form draft standards. Education 0 seems that the over all purpose and then In a 1967 message to congress, President Health 0 current guiding philosophy in education Johnson declared that the nation cannot Highways D wa.s to make over all boys and girls into the afford to preserve the existing draft system Poverty program D image of little Jane and Dick about whom "if we find that in practice it cannot adapt Aid to cities 0 we read in our primary readers. We should to the new controlling concept of equal and Beautification D all live in a white cottage with a white picket uniform treatment." Supersonic transport D fence-in a family of 4-1 boy-1 girl-Mama The present system is archaic and inequi­ Space explorations 0 and Papa. No, I'm wrong, these children table, including the foolish practice of taking Anti crime programs 0 wouldn't say Mama and Papa, it would be the oldest eligible men first instead of the Air and water pollution 0 Mother and Father. youngest. The best that can be done with 7. Do you favor legislation providing Fed­ Perhaps it was the prevalent socialist this patchwork quilt is to scrap it and start eral assistance to help low-income families communist influence or perhaps the Dewey afresh with a modern organization and rules achieve home ownership? educational philosophy, but in any event that promise every young man "equal and Yes 0 we were all to become one identical proto­ uniform treatment." This is a job only con­ NoD type, with every effort being made to eradi­ gress can do, a duty it has shunned. Undecided 0 cate the foreign ethnic influence. At 74, Hershey has had a remarkable and 8. Do you favor a Federal attack on un­ It was fashionable to change your name remarkably useful career of public service. employment by offering incentives to em­ to lose any possible "foreign" identity, and He has been select! ve service director for ployers to hire and train unskilled workers? it was certainly not fashionable to speak a nearly 27 years. In recent years he has been Yes 0 foreign language, or belong to an ethnic an opinionated, increasingly inflexible op­ NoD organization. ponent of change. He could best abet the Undecided D modernization of the nation's creaky draft 9. Do you think the Federal Government In short we had young America marching machinery by vountarily removing one of the should return a portion of the taxes it col­ on the rOad toward creating a society which principal barriers to greater draft equity and lects to State and local governments to use would be absolutely homogenous, but this efficiency-himself. as they see fit? road lead to a meat grinder where we all were Yes D to be figuratively chopped up-equalized and NoD come out in one homogenous mess, which can Undecided 0 best be described as hash, or worse yet mush, and if you like food the way I do, you don't WINN QUESTIONNAIRE like mush. But that version of America is wrong and absolutely contrary to our human nature­ HON. LARRY WINN, JR. THE ADVOCATES SOCIETY OF even the Soviets, who have been trying to OF KANSAS CHICAGO do this for half a century are finally realiz­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ing this. This is America, as demonstrated by this Monday, May 13, 1968 HON. ROMAN C. PUCINSKI gathering tonight--Poles-inviting Italiansr Mr. WINN. Mr. Speaker, because I feel OF ILLINOIS Norwegians, Greeks, Bohemians, Irishmen, so strongly that the American voter IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Colored, to break bread together, and it is evident that we are not a homogenous mush. should have the opportunity to express Monday, May 13, 1968 his views on the many crucial issues fac­ Here we sit happily together, Catholics. Mr. PUCINSKI. Mr. Speaker, recently Jews, Protestants, even Republicans, Demo· ing this Nation, I am seeking the opin­ crats. Rather than mush I view America as ions of my constituents through a ques­ the newly elected president of the Ad­ vocates Society in Chicago, attorney a big pot of Beef Stew where each separate tionnaire. I believe questionnaires en­ particle retains its identity and adds its own courage broader citizen participation Mitchell Kobelinski, delivered an inspir­ flavor to the overall taste. This is the essence and interest in representative govern­ ing inaugural address in which he put of our great modern American way of life ment, in addition to providing an inval­ into proper perspective the meaning of With each ethnic group contributing its own uable link between the voter and his the contribution made by the various sparkle, spice, zip, variety and interest to our elected representative in Congress. ethnic groups of America to the growth daily life. I think World War II changed the The questionnaire follows: of this Nation. meat grinder thinking of the SO's and we Mr. Kobelinski, who is also vice presi­ slowly became more cosmopolitan and world­ WINN QUESTIONNAIRE dent of the Parkway Bank, deserves the ly Wise. We all began to accept and enjoy 1. Do you favor Federal legislation regu- the music, food, dances, literature, customs lating the sale and possession of firearms? highest commendation for speaking out and interesting descriptive phrases contribu­ Yes 0 at a time when so many would try to ted by other ethnic groups, and we began to No 0 form this Nation into a single, mono­ know and appreciate our neighbors from Undecided 0 lithic form with all of its 200 million citi­ other ethnic groups. 2. Do you favor legislation which would zens marching in a single cadence. Here lies our greatness. Each ethnic group permit a portion of your Federal income Mr. Kobelinski's excellent address fol­ making its special talents ava.Uable-avail­ taxes to be used to pay the cost of political lows: able to enhance the flavor of our great big campaigns? pot of stew and it's delicious. Yes 0 REMARKS OF ATTORNEY MITCHELL KOBELINSKI, If you wm accept this analogy then I say No 0 PRESIDENT, CHICAGO ADVOCATES SOCIETY it behooves each of us to make our ethnic Undecided 0 Reverend Fathers, Honorable Judges and group a better group, and a more effective 3. In your opinion, what is the primary other public officials, distinguished guests contributor to our society. cause of increased crime and violence? on the dais, my dear friends and fellow mem­ If your ethnic group is the carrot in the Lenient lower courts 0 bers. stew-make it a better carrot. Let it add the Poverty and unemployment 0 The privilege of serving as President of an maximum flavor possible and therein lies our National moral decay 0 organization composed of a man's fellow responsibility and the duty of the leaders and Disrespect for law 0 professionals is a unique honor, a challenge, members of every ethnic group. Make it a Inadequate law enforcement 0 and a responsib111ty all at once. The challenge better group--the best in the stew, and as Supreme Court decisions 0 seems especially unique when the organiza­ each group competes to be the best, the 4. Do you favor the administration's pres- tion involved brings together a limited group quality of our society improves. This leads. ent Vietnam policy? of people united not only by their profession to one additional bit of fact--(not fat)­ Yes 0 but by their common ethnic heritage. · and here I'm going to be philosophical. No 0 A challenge, because many have asked Undecided As each ethnic group improves and per­ 0 in recent years why do organizations such fects its own people and goodness, this good­ 5. Do you favor a greater Federal Govern­ as ours continue to exist and what purpose ness or perfection must be publicized and' ment role in the area of agriculture and farm can they serve in our great modern Ameri­ product support? made known to all and 1n turn each group can society. must know and appreciate the good in all the Yes 0 Of course there are also a few today who No 0 question the greatness of our American way other ethnic groups. Undecided 0 of life, but I don't think that you'll find one This is the philosophical definition of 6. Which four of the following would re­ of these among our membership or in this Love-appreciation of the good, so U we ceive your highest priority for spending re­ group gathered here tonight. know and understand this goodness we Will ductions? I'll try to convey by means of a very homely love and appreciate our fellow man. Defense 0 parable what I believe to be a relatively ac­ So let me say in resume and conclusion, Foreign aid 0 curate analysis of what makes our American I believe-This is our goal-A great Ameri­ Agriculture D way of life so different and dynamic. can Stew-to achdeve lt- 13062 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 13, 1968 1. It is our responsibility to perfect our IS DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA GOV­ pointments in the lower grades that Dugas ethnic group, whichever one it may be. ERNMENT PRACTICING BLACK has made in the ranks of secretaries, stenog­ 2. We must take the bushel off the light RACISM? raphers and clerks. In 52 positions below of our achievements, the light of goodness G8-11 level, he has appointed 46 Negroes. In .represented by ourt contribution and let total figures, this means that of 57 persons others learn of it. HON. JOHN M. ASHBROOK hired by L&I since January of this year, 51 3. As we appreciate the contrtbution of have been Negroes. other groups and vice-versa, we have this OF OHIO This change is symbolic of the transition "appreciation of good" which is the Love IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES that has taken place in other city agencies and understanding that we need to make Monday, May 13, 1968 since reorganization of the District govern­ our America an even greater Amertca. God ment last November. bless it and keep it. Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Speaker, the When Mayor Walter E. Washington was Washington Post of Sunday, May 12, sworn into office Nov. 3, Negroes had been carried an article on the District of Col­ moving into city government jobs at a steady umbia government entitled "City Gov­ but undramatic pace, primarily in the bot­ DAYTON, OHIO, OBSERVES PARK tom-level positions. ernment Pushes Negro Hiring." The ar­ For example, in 1960, 63.9 per cent of the MANOR DAY ticle leads off by quoting Julian R. Du­ District's Negro employes were in the lowest gas. Director of the Department of Li­ four classification grades and only 1.3 per censes and Inspections, as saying: cent were in brackets above grade 11, ac­ HON. CHARLES W. WHALEN, JR. I am going to be very color conscious in cording to Washington Urban League figures. OF OHIO my appointments. This is a Negro city and By 1966 {the latest year for which official .IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES it should be run by Negroes . figures are available), 67 per cent of the city's 15,870 Negro employes were in the Monday, May 13, 1968 I think most citizens regardless of four lowest job categortes, and 2.7 per cent Mr. WHALEN. Mr. Speaker, this Fri­ color would take issue with this state­ Of the total number were in grades 12 and -day, May 17, by proclamation of Mayor ment. I believe most of them would hold above. -nave Hall, the city of Dayton, Ohio, will that this is not a Negro city, but the city Upward mobility has accelerated dramati­ of all Americans-the Nation's Capital, cally since then. The 1967 Human Relations ·Observe Park Manor Day. This occasion Council report on Negro-white employment recognizes the third anniversary of Park and that it should be run by the most in the District government is not ready, but Manor, a 220-unit residence for the el­ qualified personnel, regardless of race, change is evident. derly in East Dayton managed by the creed, or color. The tax dollars of all For the general public, the most visible .Dayton Metropolitan Housing Authority. Americans help to finance the operation changes have occurred on the fifth floor of Park Manor, the largest high-rise pub­ of this city, unlike the financial arrange­ the District Building, where the executive lic housing building in Dayton, was begun ment of other cities throughout ' the and City Council offices are located. The Nation. Mayor is a Negro and so are five Of the nine 4 years ago on land cleared for urban Oity Council members. renewal. Today there is a waiting list of This much should be made clear: Two cxf the Mayor's key aides are Ne­ 1,100 persons. Qualified Negro job aspirants should be groes-Sherrill Luke, director of program As part of the celebration, Park Manor encouraged in their search for job oppor­ development, and James L. Jones, director residents will hold an open house that tunities in the District of Columbia. of the city's youth program. will commence with a 10 a.m. ceremony. When one looks at the obituary pages in His closest advisers on city affairs are the local newspapers, one reads of pa­ Dugas and Corporation Counsel Charles T. At that time, I shall present a flag to the Duncan, both Negro. residents. Then, throughout the remain­ triotic Negro soldiers who have sacrificed their lives in Vietnam along with soldiers Isaiah T. Creswell Jr., counsel to the City der of the day, the building will be open Council and assistant to Chairman John W. to the public, and entertainment andre­ of other races. Surely, Negro citizens Hechinger, is a Negro. So is Wesley Williams freshments will be provided for visitors. need apologize to no one concerning their Jr., administrative assistant to t he Rev. Wal­ Mr. Speaker, I personally am aware of loyalty to the Nation, and justice de­ ter E . Fauntroy, Council vice chairman. the successful efforts of the Park Manor mands that they be accorded fair and The number of Negro secretaries has in­ management to bring to fruition its equitable treatment on the basis of their creased radically on the building's fift h floor individual talents and qualifications. The since reorganization. Where there were four pledge ''to stimulate social action and before last November, there are now 20. self-help programs, to strive for use of same should hold true for all job aspi­ rants in the District of Columbia. If the A former high city official said things had the total potential of elderly citizens, and changed radically since 1961 when "employ­ to endeavor to provide the highest level policy expounded by Mr. Dugas above is ment in the District government was in bad of independent living." This spirit has to be the foundation for the operation shape." resulted in the residents' establishing a of the District government, then the en­ WARTIME AGENCIES tenants' organization, an in-house gov­ actment of home rule for the District But, he said, the change began in the erning body, and a credit union. In addi­ will only aggravate the problem of color District in 1942 when Federal wartime agen­ tion, there are various recreational ac­ consciousness. This is still the Nation's cies began to open their doors to Negroes. tivities and a maintenance shop which is Capital, and its primary function is to He said 67 areas in the city-government open to the residents. Certainly, the en­ serve all Americans, regardless of race, and private-were integrated between 1942 creed, or color. and 1954, the year of the Supreme Court de­ tire Park Manor program is one that cision that outlawed school segregation. ·might well be emulated by similar hous­ I insert the article, ''City Government After 1954, the campaign to integrate pub­ ing projects in other areas of the coun­ Pushes Negro Hiring," from the Wash­ lic fac111ties and Wipe out employment dis­ try. ington Post of May 12 in the RECORD at crimination in the private sector became In closing, I wish particularly to com- this point: more intense. . mend Mr. Roland Matthews, manager of CrrY GOVERNMENT PUSHES NEGRO HIRING­ "All this had a lot of effect on policies Park Manor. Mr. Matthews joined the PROMOTIONS SPEEDED ALSO in the District government," he explained. "I am going to be very color conscious in "Things have gotten better, but they can Dayton Metropolitan Housing Authority get even better." in 1960. In December 1964, while Park my appointments. This is a Negro city and it should be run by Negroes!'-Julian R. Dugas, Some say the Mayor can resolve alleged Manor was still under construction, he January, 1968 discrimination problems in the city govern­ ment by requiring that he review every va­ was designated manager. His deep inter­ (By Hollie I. West) ·est in the elderly citizens of the commu­ cancy at GS- 71evel or above. The face of the city's Department of Li­ Others suggest the Mayor can end lily­ nity is evidenced by the dedication with censes and Inspections has changed dramat­ White attitudes in departments by appoint­ ·which he has administered the project. ically since Julian R. Dugas took office last ing Negroes to head them. Also, Mr. Ulrich G. Rose, who is in charge December as director. He has made good on In effect, this is what the Mayor did when of the maintenance of Park Manor, de­ his promise. he appointed Dugas, an old friend and .serves special recognition for his many In the nearly five months he has been in troubleshooter for him, to head L&I . office, he has appointed Negroes to all five L&I was once considered the most segre­ valuable contributions. of the top positions-administrative slots at gated of city agencies. A former District I look forward to visiting with these grade levels G8-11 or above-that have official said the Department's administrators gentleman and the residents of Park opened up in his department. did not follow the city's Equal Employment ::Manor on Friday. More striking, however, have been the ap- Opportunities program. May 13, 1968 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 13063 Negro employes in the Department were Duncan, the first Negro member of the reached the golden mean in a voiding charges often bitter about the treatment they said old Board of Commissioners, is also given of job discrimination. Of 439 persons pro­ they received. credit fer advancing the career of Joseph H. moted in the department between July 1965 A Negro inspector in the Department's Cole, a Negro who is superintendent of the and December 1967, 238 were nonwhite. housing division felt that he had been over­ Department of Recreation. But of those 238 promotions, 95 were cleri­ looked for promotion because of race and Cole, who joined the Recreation Depart­ cal and protective positions of G8-2, Gs-3 asked the Human Relations Council to in­ ment in 1935, has changed the image of and G8-4 levels and 79 were in wage board vestigate. The Council is in the middle of a the Department. (blue collar) helper and support positions. protracted hearing on the issue. "We don't want to be all black at the top," Only 8 of 56 were in supervisory positions. However, the hearing may be moot in view said Cole. "But we do want to open up as James A. Blaser, director of the Depart­ of Dugas' actions since. many positions as possible to Negroes." ment, said, "The situation has been steadily improving. But we haven't had as many ENGINEERED APPOINTMENT He has appointed three Negroes to super­ visory p ositions since becoming superintend­ Negroes move into administrative positions For example, he engineered the move in ent in 1966. They are Jessie Johnson, admin­ as we'd like." March by Mayor Washington to name a Ne­ istrative officer; Samuel LaBeach, assistant He said many top-level Negroes, such as gro, Lorenzo W. Jacobs Jr., as chief of L&l's director of special programs, and Stanley J. Philip 0. Pace, chief of the specification housing division. Anderson, assistant director of neighbor­ branch, and Harold Biddiex, assistant chief Other top Negro appointees there include of the projects development branch, had Ralph E. Spencer, deputy superintendent of hood centers. AVOIDS CONFLICT OF INTEREST been hired in the last five to seven years. inspectors; Carroll Swanson, deputy housing "The number of applicants that we get for administrator; Ethel Rhea, st3.tistician, and Anderson left his position after being Daniel Osborne, chief of licenses and review. some of these jobs is not large in the non­ named to the City Council last November to white category," he said. "The competition Dugas said that in some cases he has been avoid a conflict of interest in city jobs. willing to bend standards to get Negro rather among the various city agencies makes it An investigation by the Human Relations difficult to find people." than white persons for vacancies. Council in November found that Negroes In the case of a vacant investigator's posi­ He said the Department's recruiting pro­ held only 20 per cent of the Recreation De­ gram had not attracted a sufficient number tion, he said that if he had to choose be­ partment's top jobs, despite making up two­ tween a white man retiring from the military of Negro professionals. thirds of its employes. The investigation also Although Negroes compare favorably wi.th with investigative experience and a young found that more than half of the Negro em­ Negro college graduate with no experience whites in numbers in the Department of ployes surveyed had college degrees, but only Sanitary Engineering (575 Negroes, 744 but good potential, he would take the Negro. 37 per cent of the whites held degrees. Dugas has rewritten job descriptions to give whites), about 300 of the Negroes are garbage "I'm not going to take issue with the in­ collectors. Negroes a better chance of getting employ­ vestigative report one way or the other," said ment. He expects criticism for his policies, Cole. "The report is not what I call a com­ Before he retired last month as Depart­ but points out that L&I is less than 30 per plete report." ment director, Roy Orndorff said, "We've had cent Negro (it is 29.4 per cent>. Cole said that although facts and figures very little expansion in the last ten years. There are 131 Negroes and 314 whites. In in the report could not be denied, he ques­ I think we've been open about this. We've 1966, there were 46 Negroes and 344 whites, tioned the meaning of some of the statistics. tried to avoid discrimination. We've been on and in 1960, there were 29 Negroes and 337 Cole complained that the city's Peil'sonnel the alert for Negro employes, but we haven't whites. Department was slow in finding qualifl.ed had many apply." I'll just have to take what criticism comes persons· and upgrading the classifications of CONSIDER OUR MISSION my way because I think I've done the right positions to attract capable people. thing," said Dugas. It just happens that this Orndorff concedes that the Department "They're taking entirely too long," he "could have made more intense efforts to is a predominantly black city and blacks said. "That's a handicap now." should be in the majority among those who locate them, but we have to consider our govern. If I were in an Indian city, I'd be STRETCHED STANDARDS mission is to run the Department." hiring Indians, or Eskimos if I were in an John Eaton, director of the Personnel De­ He said that until the last "three or four Eskimo city. I intend to change the color of partment, said there was a problem in find­ years" there had not been much effort to this division (housing) from rosy red to ing qualified Negl'oes. find Negro applicants. brown and then to black." "Many Negroes are going into private in­ Essentially, "norinal recruitment chan­ Washington is indeed a black city. About dustry, particularly in the technical skills," nels" had been used. he said. two of every three of its 800,000-plus popu­ he said. "I wouldn't say we have lowered our Clifford Dodd, administrative officer for lation are Negroes. It is one of three American standards (to attmct Negroes) -we have the Sanitary Engineering Department, said cities with Negro majorities. The others are stretched them." he was developing a college recruitment pro­ Newark (51 per cent) and Gary, Ind. (55 per James Murray, in charge of recruiting for gram that would aim at bringing in Negroes. cent). the Personnel Department, said, "I think for Color consciousness has affected many city the most part we're well ahead of the District agencies. government agencies in looking for people." Kenneth L. Hardy, a Negro and director of He referred to a vacancy lis·t that is sent POSTPONED MEETING ON SUGAR the Department of Corrections, says, "I'm out every two weeks to placement agencies QUOTAS conscious of color when appointments are and area colleges. Murray also said he had co­ being made, but I don't make appointments ordinated efforts in the past with the Wash­ on the basis of color." ington Urban League. HON. W. R. POAGE Negroes Hardy has appointed include Al­ Murray also worked closely with John Dun­ OF TEXAS len M. Avery, associate director of the De­ can in looking for potenti•al Negro job hold­ partment; Charles Rodgers, superintendent ers. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of the D.C. Jail; Julius Martin, chief parole Steady criticism has been directed a;t the Monday, May 13, 1968 officer; William Carr, chief clinical psychol­ Departments of Sanitary Engineering, Build­ ogist; Delbert Jackson, business director; Jo­ ings and Grounds and Highways and Traffic Mr. POAGE. Mr. Speaker, for some seph Cheek, administrator of the prerelease for not having enough Negroes. time it has been planned tha.t members guidance center, and Manson and Wade Freeway opponents have directed much of of the Agriculture Committee should Brown, brothers who are supervisory parole their bitterness toward Thomas Airis, direc­ meet in informal session with Members officers. tor of the Department of Highways and Traf­ and others who are interested in revising Hardy said that in some cases Negro physi­ fic, charging him with discriminatory hiring the U.S. sugar quotas. This meeting had cians and dentists are at levels of G8-12 or policies. above, sometimes outranking the deputy di­ "There is a problem of getting technically been scheduled in the Agriculture Com­ rector in rating and pay scale, but they work trained people," said Airis. "We can't get col­ mittee room a.t 2 p.m. tomorrow after­ only parttime and cannot be counted among lege graduates in the top third of the class. noon. regular employes. We get the older people and those who grad­ Due to the fact that the presence of STILL SOME TO GO uate at the bottom of the class." the Agriculture Committee members will Of about 1073 persons in the Department, He added: "I think we have encouraged the be required on the :floor in connection hiring and promotion of Negroes. But I want 223 are Negro. In 1966, there were 151 with the passage of the bill extending the proper people in the proper jobs." Public Law 480 at that time, this meet­ Negroes and 821 whites. Since June, 1962, the number of non­ "We're a long way from the way we used whites in the Department has climbed frOill ing will be postponed until the comple­ to be and there's still some way to go," 408 to 554. The number of whites has drop­ tion of action on this bill. It will, how­ Hardy says. ped from 976 to 827. ever, take place immediately after the Hardy said that John B. Duncan, a former House has acted on this bill. District Commissioner, was influential in APPEARANCES MISLEADING getting Donald Clemmer, the late head of At first glance, the recent job picture in Although this is an informal discus­ the Corrections Department, to think of the Department of Buildings and Grounds sion and not a committee meeting, it is grooming him, a Negro, for Department (the agency respoll!Sible for c·are and main­ open to the public and to the press. All head. tenance of city property) looks as if it had are invited. 13064 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 13, 1968 COMMONSENSE AND THE VIETNAM Vietnam has been struck with the fact that things for themselves, we will never get out WAR the United States may pull out. The ques­ of here." tion is why they waited so long to begin do­ Can the combined American-Vietnamese ing anything." effort with all its past flaws still reach a suc­ HON. ED REINECKE BACKS UNCOMMITTED LEADERS cessful solution? OF CALIFORNIA "All too often, it seems to me, the United Durand doesn't pretend to know. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES States has been in the position of being com­ "There have been changes and reforms in mitted to leaders who are not committed to the past two months. Do they come too late? Monday, May 13, 1968 their own people. Or is this a genuine turning point where the Vietnamese government rises to the occa­ Mr. REINECKE. Mr. Speaker, re­ "On our side, we have tried to fight an af­ sion? Can the Vietnamese government and cently one of my constituents, an Army fluent war in a poor society. We have put too the U.S. government close the credibility gaps veteran who has served in Vietnam, sub­ much stress on creature comforts for our with their own peoples? Only time will tell­ advisers-on the post exchange, on creating mitted a letter of inquiry concerning little Americas, with their noisy generators and we don't have much left in Vietnam." the Vietnam war. In my response to him, outside of big villas to provide air condition­ I observed: ing. There has been too little of the spirit of Whether we consider ourselves doves or challenge and sacrifice that you find in the THE LATE "DOC" SATTl, "MR. DEMO­ hawks, I think we all have the same objec­ Peace Corps. Is there really a need for a CRAT" OF SOUTHEASTERN CON­ tives-namely, get the war over, and get Japanese tape recorder for every American in NECTICUT the boys home. The difference is, of course, the country." in how we approach the problem. "We have preached Land reform, yet it was Within this context, I was especially the Americans who bought up or rented all HON. WILLIAM L. ST. ONGE the available villas in Saigon, driving real OF CONNECTICUT impressed with an April 28, 1968, Los estate prices sky high, and letting a few Angeles Times article by William Tuohy landlords make millions in profits. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES entitled "Doctor Criticizes U.S. Effort "We have preached othe~r reforms, yet we Monday, May 13, 1968 To Win Allegiance of Vietnamese." In permitted the government to encourage this article, Dr. Tom Durand, of Boston, luxury construction in Saigon when we Mr. ST. ONGE. Mr. Speaker, the State who has just completed a 21-month couldn't find the contractors to build hos­ of Connecticut, and southeastern Con­ tour of duty in Vietnam as chief health pitals or dispensaries or schoolrooms. necticut in particular, lost a loyal and "We watched high-rise hotels go up, and devoted son in Dr. C. John Satti, of New adviser for Saigon, is quoted as saying: bars and night clubs, when most of the London. He died at the age of 72 on Tues­ If the Vietnamese never learn to do things people of Saigon are living in shanties. day, May 7, and burial took place on Sat­ for themselves, we will never get out of here. "And who are we to advise the Vietnamese urday, May 11. government on administrative and bureau­ The death of "Doc" Satti, who was Now, some would say that this state­ cratic reforms when it takes the U.S. aid ment is an incisive analysis, a penetrat­ machinery here 18 months of red tape to well known under that name throughout ing appraisal, and so forth, which I negotiate and approve a simple contract for the State, came as a shock to me and a think is true. But perhaps more im­ hospital repairs? deep personal loss. I have known him for portantly, it is a sensible statement by a "There has been a dreadful proliferation of many years as a personal friend and sensible man. In short, it is good com­ programs, misplaced priorities, middle-level political adviser. As a matter of fact, Dr. monsense--commonsense that I would advisers pushing the Vietnamese aside and Satti perhaps more than any other per­ hope is re:tlected in the administration's trying to do things themselves. We could cut son was responsible for my entering the handling of this aspect of the war. the Agency for International Development congressional race some years ago and staff in half and get twice the work done. like the true leader that he was he gave Whether our citizens are considered "And then we send middle-class girls from or consider themselves hawks or doves, Saigon to the United States for four years of me the support which he had pledged. I submit that we all have the overall training as college-level nurses under Ameri­ The passing of Dr. Satti leaves a void objective of honorably ending the war can standards. They return to Vietnam, and in eastern Connecticut and in the entire and bringing our young men home. I also decide not to work under the conditions that State where he was in the political fore­ submit, without presuming to speak for exist in the hospitals here. With their educa­ front for over 35 years. He was a dedi­ either the hawks or the doves, that there tion and English language, they take jobs as cated worker for programs to improve the are certain areas in which there is real secretaries or interpreters for the Americans. American way of life for all its people. agreement concerning the Vietnam war, That's four years and $30,000 wasted per girl. This colorful and hard-working man was and that Mr. Tuohy's article perhaps THE 19TH-CENTURY DISEASES highly respected by all who knew him. falls within such an area. "What is the point in trying to educate I wish to extend my deepest sympathy With this in mind, I place this article Vietnamese doctors on the intricacies of to the members of his family. by Mr. Tuohy in the RECORD: open heart surgery or heart-lung machines Mr. Speaker, I am inserting into the when what is needed in Vietnam is treatment [From the Los Angeles Times, Apr. 28, 1968] for 19th century diseases and basic preven­ RECORD an article about him published in DOCTOR CRITICIZES U.S. EFFORT To WIN AL- tive medicine? the obituary columns of the Norwich, LEGIANCE OF VIETNAMESE-DEPARTING MEDI­ "Why don't we send Vietnamese doctors Conn., Bulletin on May 8, 1968, and an CAL ADVISER CITES AMERICAN PROPENSITY TO and nurses to Taiwan for a three-month editorial on the same date published in SUPPORT LEADERS NOT COMMITTED TO THEIR course in public health? There, they would the New London Day: OWN PEOPLE learn something quickly that is relevant to [From the Norwich (Conn.) Bulletin, (By William Tuohy) conditions in Vietnam. We keep sending the May 8, 1968] SAIGON.-"Our problem in Vietnam," said elite to the U.S. and they don't want to come DR. SATTI NOTED DEMOCRAT, DIES Dr. Tom Durand, "is that we can't win the back." Dr. Durand points out that few U.S. ad­ NEW LONDON.-Flags will fly at half-staff allegiance of the people with all the gold in Wednesday morning in tribute to the late Ft. Knox and all the blood of the U.S. Army." visers here speak Vietnamese. The bright­ eyed, balding, energetic medic picked up Dr. C. John Satti, Democratic town chair­ Durand, an outspoken Boston Irishman, man, who died Tuesday at 12:30 p.m. at who has finished a 21-month tour here as a working knowledge on the job and in after­ hours classes. Lawrence Memorial Hospital. He was 72. chief health adviser for Saigon, has observed Dr. Satti had been hospitalized since March the U.S. effort here with a cool and discern­ NO LANGUAGE CENTER 8 when he was stricken with a cerebral hem­ ing eye. "Why send our people to Vietnamese classes orrhage at the home of a son, c. Robert His job has taken him into many a nook in Boston or Hawaii?" he asked. "The place Satti of 517 Alewife Parkway. and cranny, medical and political. He has to learn working Vietnamese is in Vietnam. The Democratic leader will be buried in looked beyond his immediate purview, and Yet after more than 10 years of our involve­ St. Mary's Cemetery Saturday morning what he has seen does not provide much ment here, there is no intensive Vietnamese after rites at Thomas L. Neilan and Sons optimism for the U.S. political performance language center for Americans in Vietnam. Funeral Home, 12 Ocean Ave. at 10: 15 a.m. in Vietnam. U.S. Rep. Will1am St. Onge is expected As he departed to become associated direc­ "We keep saying that Vietnamese problems must be solved by the Vietnamese. This is to be one of the state dignitaries who will pay tor of Massachusetts General Hospital in last respects to the veteran Democratic Boston, the 39-year-old Georgetown Univer­ true. But often the Americans behave as if we will solve their problems. We push them leader. sity-trained physician declared, more in sor­ Dr. Satti had served twice as Democratic row than anger. aside and they end up just watching and town chairman from 1934--1955 and from "The past couple of months have shown opting out." December, 1965 until his death. some improvement in long needed reforms in Durand then said emphatically: From the time of his attack on March 8, Saigon. For the first time, the government of "If the Vietnamese never learn to do Dr. Satti had not regained consciousness. May 13, 1968 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 13065 During his 35 year political career, he fight developed over a nomination for office, LEGISLATURE HONORS JOHN J. KmWAN served on the New London Board of Educa­ Dr. Satti usually let the battle rage right A resolution hailing the services to the tion for several years, was secretary of state up to the night of decision-and often well people of the Virgin Islands was adopted under Gov. Wilbur Cross from 1934-38, was past the hour when the delegates were sup­ unanimously by the Legislature Tuesday. Second District Fnemployment Gompensa­ posed to begin deliberations. The relSolution stated: tion commissioner in the late 1940's, and held As a crowd of party faithful and observers "Whereas John J. Kirwan, a native of the post of state central committeeman for stood around, Doc would begin banging the Ohio, outstanding and veteran public ser­ the old 18th Senatorial District consisting of heads together. He'd fiit from one room to vant, recently retired from the Federal serv­ New London and Groton from 1950 until the another, dragging on a cigarette, running his ice as Assistant Director, Office of Territories, legislature was reapportioned. hands through his hair and, occasionally, Department of the Interior; and Dr. Satti was born above his father's candy making a hurried phone call. Finally he'd get "Whereas in the effective and meaningful store on Bank St. in 1895, shortly after his his way and act surprised when reporters discharge of the high responsibilities of such family settled here from Italy. wondered about the backroom doings. "Just latter position required of John J. Kirwan He attended Nameaug and Nathan Hale a few minor matters to straighten out," he'd empathy With the needs, problems and aspi­ Schools in New London and was graduated report with a grin. rations of the peoples of such territorial areas with the class of 1915 from the former Doc Satti was a political in-fighte·r. He as Guam, American Samoa and the Virgin Bulkeley School. controlled what he wanted to control, what Islands of the United States; and He was attending the Rhode Island State he believed was his terri tory. Occasionally "Whereas John J. Kirwan demonstrated College, now the University of Rhode Island, he'd try to branch out, to exert some pressure throughout his career of service a dedica­ when World War I broke out. on a congressional district level or something tion and devotion to the advancement of The doctor joined a group of students and similar. But he knew when he was in over these areas, and was always under'standing, marched from the college to Newport, R.I. his head and he wasn't too proud to pull ever candid and consistently helpful in his Naval Station in Newport, R .I. to enlist in the in his horns and return to his own domain. attitude and counsel to the people of the Navy, but was refused enlistment. He also But the man who died yesterday was Virgin Islands, and in his relationship to was refused enlistment in the Army and was motivated by the democratic ideal that gov­ their Government; now, therefore be it not drafted, because the services considered ernment is of, for, and by the people. To "Resolved by the Legislature of the Virgin him too short. the disadvantaged of his era, the large num­ Islands: Dr. Satti took his internship at Kings ber of immigrants, who had come here seek­ "That the LegilSlature, on behalf of the County Hospital in New York City and im­ ing a new life, he was doctor, social worker, people of the Virgin Islands and in recog­ mediately set up a practice in New London. legal advisor and teacher who tutored them nition of a generosity of attention, advice In 1932 he was one of the electors from in reading and writing skills and in govern­ and assistance received hereby cites John J. Connecticut who cast presidential votes for ment processes. Majority rule was his motto. Kirwan and through this medium memorial­ Franklin D. Roosevelt. The Democratic Party which he took over izes its appreciation of his invaluable con­ He was the leader of the Young Demo­ back in 1934 was in a shambles. In an tributions and exceptional services to the crats in New London in the 1920's and was amazingly short time, it was a revitalized well-being and progress of the Virgin ISlands a prime figure in many ward fights in the power and the Doc saw to it that it remained and its people. city. the majority party---except in rare in­ "And be it further resolved, that a framed In 1934 he became town chairman of the stances-right up to the present. That both copy of this Resolution be presented to John Democratic Party in New London and re­ he and his party remained in power that long J. Kirwan on an appropriate occasion by the mained a key figure in politics until his is a feat of no mean proportions. Governor of the Virgin Islands or his au­ death. State and National Chairman John M. thorized representative, and that copies of In 1934 Dr. Satti became Secretary of State, Bailey, who took turns praising and punish­ this Resolution be also forwarded to the Sec­ a position which he held for four years. Dur­ ing Doc Satti, once was asked about the secret retary of the Interior and to the Director, ing his last year in office, he became national of the man's success in politics. Office of Territorie!S, Department of the In­ president of the Secretary of States Associa­ "He believes in winning," said Bailey. "It's terior." tion. He had been a delegate to the Demo­ almost as simple as that." cratic National Convention since 1932, a post Bailey never ceased to be fascinated by which he held continuously With the excep­ the state senators Doc Satti would send to SPEECH BY SECRETARY OF THE tion of 1948 when a maternity case kept him Hartford. Bailey likes to recall 1955, when NAVY PAUL R. IGNATIUS away from the convention. he was informed that 18th District Demo­ Aside from politics, Dr. Satti was active in crats had nominated W. Duane Lockard, a 33- the formation of many Italian-American or­ year-old professor of government at Con­ ganizations. He was a member of the Elks necticut Gollege. Bailey got right on the HON. L. MENDEL RIVERS and a Fourth Degree member of the Knights phone to Doc. OF SOUTH CAROLINA of Columbus and had held numerous of­ "I thought you owed the nomination to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES fices in Italian organizations. . . . ," Bailey said. Dr. Satti also had been on the board of "I did," said Doc, "but I found out he Monday, May 13, 1968 directors for the Connecticut Medical Society, can't win." Mr. RIVERS. Mr. Speaker, under the president of the Yale Alumnae Medical So­ "Can the professor?" Bailey wondered. ciety, and a member of the Board of Direc­ "He'd better or we both lose," Doc replied. leave to extend my remarks in the tors of General Practitioners, in addition to Lockard won. The Doc had scored again. REcORD, I would like to call the attention many other clubs and organizations. of the Members to the following speech He was the son of Charles and Maria by our great Secretary of the Navy, the Danesi Satti, who were among the earliest Honorable Paul R. Ignatius. I am con­ Italian immigrants to New London. LEGISLATURE HONORS JOHN J. vinced that Secretary Ignatius is one of He is survived by two sons, C. Robert Satti KffiWAN the finest and most capable of all who and Dr. C. John Satti, Jr., both of New Lon­ have occupied this historic position. I don; two daughters, Mrs. Harry Butler of have immense respect for him and for New London and Mrs. Harry Neilsen of South HON. BARRATT O'HARA Bend, Ind.; a brother, Andrew Satti of New his judgment. It is for this reason that London; four sisters, Mrs. William Curtin and OF ILLINOIS I want to share his remarks with a larger Mrs. Alesandro Secchiaroli, both of New IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES audience. The text of his speech follows: London, Mrs. Teresa Noyes of Mason's Island Monday, May 13, 1968 REMARKS BY HoN. PAUL R. IGNATIUS, SECRE­ and Mrs. Emma India of Mystic; and grand­ TARY OF THE NAVY, AT THE SOUTH CAROLINA children. Mr. O'HARA of Illinois. Mr. Speaker, STATE BAR ASSOCIATION ANNUAL BANQUET, by unanimous consent I am extending CHARLESTON, S.C., MAY 10, 1968 [From the New London (Conn.) Day, my remarks to include a news article Mr. Whaley, distinguished guests, ladies May 8,1968] from the Home Journal of the Virgin and gentlemen, the invitation to speak to Doc Islands with the text of the resolution you tonight was particularly welcome, for In the heat of one political battle, Dr. C. of the Legislature of the Virgin Islands it gives the Secretary of the Navy the oppor­ John Satti would reminisce about past diffi­ expressing appreciation of the "in­ tunity to visit Charleston, with all its impor­ culties. "I remember one night when the valuable contribution and exceptional tant naval activities. Longshoremen threatent:>d to quit us," he'd services" of John J. Kirwan, retiring As­ This city's naval shipyard has, for decades, begin-and then he'd tell a tale that many provided vital industrial support to the At­ had heard before, although often there would sistant Director, Office of Territories, De­ lantic Fleet. The Naval Base has served as be some additions and subtractions. Doc partment of the Interior, and son of our a hospitable home port and operating base never tired of telling the stories and his lis­ distinguished, able, and beloved col­ for major elements of that Fleet. It is the teners never tired of hearing them. league from Ohio [Mr. KIRWAN]. Headquarters of the Sixth Naval District. These were the times Doc liked best. If a The article follows: Nearby at Parris Island is the Marine Corps 13066 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 13, 1968 Recruit Depot which has converted hundreds are building two helicopter carriers. One, the pursue national interests anywhere on the of thousands of young men into fighting Moskva, is at sea; the other is still being seas. With naval forces, a nation is able to Marines. fitted out. The ships are about 600 feet long, position armed power to persuade, dissuade, Charleston is also headquarters for the possibly of 25,000 tons displacement fully or indicate an interest without commitment distinguished Chairman of the House Armed loaded. or encroachment on foreign soil or terri­ Services Committee, Mr. L. Mendel Rivers, The Moskva and her sister ship could be torial waters. For the Soviets, likewise, a who has been a vigilant advocate of a strong used either in an amphibious assault role, Navy fits the pattern of seeking to influence and modern Navy and Marine Corps. We are for anti-submarine warfare, in a command international affairs with a maximum flexi­ grateful and indebted to him. function, or on a combination of missions. bility in decision-making better than any So tonight, in this most important base At present, the small amphibious and troop other armed force, and it fits Soviet behav­ of u.s. Naval power, I should like to discuss force represented by the Black Berets and ior since World War II. the growing interest in the development of such ships as the Moskva do not have capa­ The Mediterranean apparently is the first sea power that clearly has taken hold in the bilities similar to what we have in our own testing ground of an expanding Soviet mari­ Soviet Union. Navy and Marine Corps. However, the Soviet time policy. It is based, politically, on an For the first time since World War II our effort does seem to indicate an interest in interest in the Middle East and the northern free use of the Mediterranean Sea area is having a capability of this type. tier of Africa. Strategically, it is consistent being contested. The U.S. Sixth Fleet and An increase in support ship strength has with a historical Russian desire to develop NATO Navies have been joined by Sihips of paralleled this growth in attack capability access to warm water areas and to the open the Soviet Navy, long known as a submarine and thereby extends it. Soviet ships need not return home for minor repairs or food, fuel oceans. Navy, but structured with surface combat­ That a wider naval capability has given ants and support ships, as well as subma­ and ammunition replenishment. They are able now to undertake extended operations in-being the Soviets' new confidence and rines. It is a Navy capable of many missions on the high seas and in areas of greater dis­ that they intend to use it for political in­ and it is expanding. tance from the homeland than ever before. fluence is evident in a recent statement of One of the significant developments of the We in the Navy have been watching these Chairman Brezhnev: past decade has been the growth in size and trends carefully over the years. It is only with "There is no justification whatever for the quality of this Soviet Navy. There are clear the upsurge of Soviet naval deployments to constant presence of the U.S. Fleet in waters signs now that Soviet policy-makers intend the Mediterranean, perhaps the clearest re­ washing the shore of Southern Europe. One to use the capabilities of this new power, and would like to ask: 'What are the grounds, 20 we may be embarked on an era of global flection of a new emphasis on the sea, that the world at large has become aware of this years after the end of the World War II, for maritime importance. base of power. · the U.S. Sixth Fleet to cruise the Mediter­ The Soviets, at the end of World War II, The Soviet Union first undertook modest ranean and to use military bases, ports, and already had underway a naval construction naval operations in the 1\ltediterrn.nean supply bases in a number of Mediterranean program designed to provide numbers of countries?' This poses a serious threat to the ships to patrol the country's coastlines and in 1954. When Soviet-Albanian dissension independence of all coastal countries. The to guard the flanks of ground forces deployed forced the USSR to abandon a base on time has come to demand the complete with­ in Europe. By 1955, there were 60 short-range Albania's Adriatic coast in 1961, however, drawal of the U.S. Sixth Fleet from the submarines, 20 light cruisers, more than 100 the Soviet naval presence in the Mediter­ Mediterranean." destroyers, nearly 300 other submarines of ranean virtually disappeared. Although the Soviet Union can hardly ex­ They reestablished a visible presence in pect our withdrawal, it does expect to dem­ improved characteristics, and more than the Mediterranean in the summer of 1964 1000 smaller vessels. onstrate that the Mediterranean is not dom­ The emphasis on quantity during this with the dispatch of a cruiser-destroyer force inated by United States forces. Its method period is perhaps best illustrated by the fact from the Black Sea Fleet and with the insti­ has been to establish a naval presence there that more than 80 diesel submarines were tution of virtually continuous submarine and to operate in unique ways. in various stages of construction in 1955 patrols. Soviet forces generally have been concen­ Following the outbreak of last year's Arab­ alone. trated in the eastern half of the basin, though By 1955 the Soviets began to envision the Israeli war, the Soviets reinforced their Med­ units move throughout the 2300-mile long possibilities of a broader maritime policy, iterranean squadron. By July, some 40 ships sea. and the next 12 years saw a change in naval were deployed in the Eastern Mediterranean, Commencing in June 1967, the Soviets have construction toward innovation and quality. quadruple the number of a year earlier. rotated ships in and out of Alexandria and Two classes of Soviet guided missile Just last September, a new amphibious Port Said and since September 1967, have cruisers-with surface-to-surface, surface­ type (similar to our LST) appeared there, stationed a repair ship and a diving tender to-air and anti-submarine missiles--have the first time the Soviets had deployed am­ continuously in Alexandria. Limited use is made their appearance in recent years. In phibious ships to the area, making it pos­ also made of commercial-though not gov­ addition, two new destroyer classes have a sible to lift the approximate equivalent of a ernmental-port services. long-range surface-to-surface missile ca­ battalion. But the Soviets continue to be cautious in pability, and two classes of missile patrol This is a diverse force. avoiding the appearance of establishing boats carry short-range surface-to-surface With submarines, surface combatants formal bases in the Mediterranean. Their missiles. These are like the Soviet-built mis­ equipped· with surface-to-surface missiles, port visits appear to be more related to polit­ siles reportedly fired from United Arab Re­ landing ships, minesweepers, intelligence ical purposes, and in the case of Egypt, an public naval vessels to sink the Israeli de­ collectors and logistic support ships in the effort to give substailiCe to Soviet political stroyer Elath. Mediterranean, the Soviet Union can meet support of the UAR, following its defeat last The Soviets have also developed and a number of contingencies on short notice. year by Israel. deployed nuclear-powered submarines, both It can attack surface ships with cruise Many Soviet ships, when not operating at attack and ballistic-missile types. They also missiles and torpedoes. sea, anchor in international waters to rest have more than 50 cruise missile submarines It can undertake a limited amphibious their crews, care for their equipment, and capable of launching surface-to-surface landing. take on supplies from logistical ships. These weapons at targets more than 400 nautical It can temporarily protect or evacuate anchorages are well spaced and positioned miles distant. Soviet nationals, should the need arise. near shipping focal points so that surveil­ We believe, furthermore, they are now It can blockade ports, harbors and ship­ lance may continue. improving their ballistic-missile submarine ping channels and protect the fleet's anchor­ When at sea, the Soviet Fleet trains as our fleet with a construction program of sub­ ages with mines. Navy does and carries out a close watch on marines probably similar to our early It can maintain a considerable naval force ships of the Sixth Fleet. This operation is POLARIS boats. independent of land bases. carefully planned. The Soviet AGI's-the in­ The total Soviet submarine force, con­ · It can give form to Soviet political deci­ telligence ships-are placed to gain intelli­ sisting of more than 350 ships, constitutes sions. gence and to direct Soviet combatant ships a formidable force, and there are indica­ And, with all this, it is moving to meet to join with and shadow U.S. naval units. tions that the Soviets intend to increase the Fleet Admiral Sergei Gorshkov's contention They use their cruise missile-equipped sur­ quality of this force by replacing diesel­ of last July that the Soviets " ... must be face ships and submarines in the narrow powered submarines with more modern nu­ prepared for broad offensive operations areas and sea openings of the Mediterra­ clear submarines. against sea and ground troops of the im­ nean-south of Sicily, near the entrance of Another potentially significant develop­ perialists on any point of the world's oceans the Aegean, and south of Crete and Cyprus­ ment is their increasing emphasis on an am­ and adjacent territories." so that U.S. ships, at least in the eastern phibious warfare capability. At the recent The admiral went on to say that the Mediterranean, are under the Soviet gun 50th Anniversary celebrations in Moscow, Soviet Navy would thenceforth not limit just as our own air and surface striking some of the 6,000 "Black Berets" in the Soviet itself to coastal defense of the homeland, forces cover a broader area of the Mediter­ Navy were exhibited on parade. These Soviet but would support "state interests at sea in ranean. naval infantry were reactivated as a force in peacetime." · There is no bar, of oourse, to the operation 1964 with unusual official publicity. As the first sea power of the world, the of our own or Soviet ships in any part of this Recently we have learned that the Soviets U.S. ls aware of the value of a fleet that can broad sea, but for the first time since World May 13, 1968 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 13067 war II our freedom in the Mediterranean A TRIBUTE FOR CHARLES this Nation has ever produced. Of all Sea is being contested. CHIAKULAS races and creeds, they banded together Also, the Soviets are learning from us. under the banner of justice and equality With an intent to expand their capability to of opportunity, and this country was im­ operate at sea away from their homeland, it HON. ROMAN C. PUCINSKI measurably advanced by their vision and is logical that they should want to learn our OF ILLINOIS methods for the very procedure they covet. sacrifice. As you are aware, the U.S. Navy operates at IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Charlie Chiakulas was one of them. In will over the world oceans through underway Monday, May 13, 1968 those years he was up long before dawn, replenishment of supplies, fuel, and ammu­ meeting workers at factory gates, walk­ nition. As these operations are conducted in Mr. PUCINSKI. Mr. Speaker, in one ing picket lines, fending off the night the Mediterranean, the Soviets are moving in sense there is no death. The life of a man sticks, clubs, and hatred of men who had close to our ships to observe and to take on earth lasts beyond his departure. You spent their lives building a fortress pictures. will always feel that life touching yours, As their expertise is developed in the around the status quo. that voice speaking to you, that spirit Charlie was in the thick of it all, en­ Mediterranean, their ships already are enter­ looking out of other eyes, talking to you ing new areas. Most recently, this has taken couraging the disheartened, bandaging the form of voyages into the Indian Ocean in the familiar things he touched, worked heads, cooling tempers, trying to find and port visits to India and Africa. In the with, loved as familiar friends. He lives jobs and housing for men who were fired past year, it has included excursions into the on in your life and in the lives of all and blacklisted. Little by little, inch by South Atlantic Ocean with a carefully others who knew him. inch, by concession and compromise, the planned force of submarines and logistic Early this past Sunday morning, a man total oligarchy of management was dis­ ships designed to give sustaining power with­ died; killed in a senseless highway ac­ solved. And men could at last bargain out reliance on land bases. cident. To me, and to the hundreds of A bolstered-and evidently continuing­ in good faith for the wages, hours, safety naval presence in the Mediterranean gives people who knew him, his death was al­ devices, health and accident benefits, the Soviet Union increased flexibility in po­ most too great a weight to bear. His very they had earned. litical decisions relevant to the Middle East existence had made all of us better, more It has been said that difficulties are the situation. alive, and happier because we shared a things that show what men are. Teddy The Soviets have introduced their own part of his life. Roosevelt used to say, "The first requisite armed power into the geographic area of dis­ His name was Charles Chiakulas. He of a good citizen is that he be able to pute and, in the form of a naval force, they was a good friend to many in this Cham­ pull his own weight." Charlie Chiakulas are ranged there against the striking power ber, as well as countless people in villages of the U.S. Sixth Fleet. spent every day of his life fighting for Though we believe the Soviets will not and cities throughout the world. Many man's right to dignity and independence. make defense arrangements that would bind will tell you of his achievements and his This planet we cluster on so uneasily is them to take military action in the area, we accomplishments in life. There is not one but a small star in the vast expanse of must be aware that the USSR may be in­ of us who did not feel the force of his the universe. But we have the power to creasingly inclined to deploy its ships spe­ warmth and personality, his genuine love make it, and this Nation, habitable and cifically in support of client states during for the human race, and his joy in living. free. There could be a world with no periods of regional tension; some of their Charlie Chiakulas was my friend, my Egyptian port calls after last June's war hunger, no fear, no war. The decision were almost certainly in response to Cairo's counselor, my brother. He was Greek and rests with each of us. How will we use desire to deter possible Israeli attacks. terribly proud of his ancestry. He knew these precious days of our lives? In addition, because of their new landing more about Greek history than most pro­ Christine Chiakulas, Charlie's wife, force capability, we must consider that ther.e fessional scholars, and his Greek blood and his son, Jim, know better than any may arise certain circumstances under which taught him more about the sadness of the loss we have suffered. Their sorrow is the Soviets would provide a more direct sort men, their boundless capacity for good of help to clients, so long as the military deep. There is little we can say or do to and evil, their inconstancy, their devo­ console them. But I hope, in this hour of risks do not seem high and the political risks tion to ideals, their imperfect dreams, of inaction do seem great. their grief, they will remember the zest Thus, the Soviets have assumed a much their failures and strivings, than any and vitality of the man who loved them greater political flexibility in dealing with man I ever knew. and who sought to make the world a bet­ the Middle East by deploying naval forces There is an all-too-familiar poem ter place for all families. I think he to the Mediterranean. At the same time, about building a house by the side of the would tell them, if he could, that there they must accept greater responsibility in road and being a "friend to man." Charlie is a time for tears and sadness, but that their political actions because they can now Chiakulas would never have settled down threaten with men, missiles and mines, not we must not let sorrow blind us to the just words. in that safe little house. His time had to miracle of life that beckons and the work In sum, the Soviets see the region as stra­ be spent in the dust and bumps of the which is unfinished. tegically important-politically, economi­ road itself seeking people to help and a As for me, when I think of him and cally and militarily. Their primary aim for way to secure an equal chance for all what his help and friendship meant, I the foreseeable future will be, as much as men. see him as he stood with me one elec­ possible, to deny the area politically to the Some years ago in Chicago he helped tion night after a particularly grueling West, and, in particular, to the United States. found the Justice for Cyprus Commit­ But the Sixth Fleet is in the Mediterranean campaign. to stay! It has the capability and support to tee--a committee to offer assistance to The returns were in and our victory do so. Its purpose is to contribute to peace the refugees and dispossessed of that was official. Charlie, who had been on and stability in the ar.ea. troubled island. He flew to Cyprus to see his feet for some 20 hours, began to sing As the recent conflict and· continuing what he could do to help. When I was an old Greek folksong. Then he called armed incidents between Israel and the Arab there last summer, I met men and women to several of the men-laborers, busi­ states show, however, the presence of power who remembered the warm-hearted nessmen, students-and, lining them up, alone will not make peace. There must be a American who gave his heart and his began teaching them a Greek dance that desire for understanding and mutual ac­ hand in their behalf. He lives today in commodation of differences if conflict and dated back to a faroff time when war­ dispute are to be dampened. their memories and in their renewed riors danced in celebration after win­ What lies ahead will depend, to a large ex­ hopes for the future. ning a great battle. tent, on the purposes of the Soviet presence. As a young man, before World War II, They stood in a ragged line, eyes shin­ If it is designed as a restraining force, the he began his fight for the laboring men ing, their hands elapsed around one an­ prospects for peace will increase. On the and women of America. At that time it other's shoulders, with Charlie in their other hand, 1f it is intended to encourage often took uncommon courage to speak midst, as always. Their ties were loose, Arab activism, the possib111ty of increased out on behalf of labor unions, for indus­ their coats scattered on chairs and tensions may arise. try could resort to reprisals that would For our part, we have always been vigilant tables, and they danced and sang louder of political, military and economic activi­ deprive a man of his ability to earn a liv­ and louder until the room and the street ties in the Middle East. We are determined ing. The men who helped organize the beyond were filled with their voices, their to maintain our presence there, and we shall unions, despite the heavy opposition they comradeship, their love of living. continue to promote peace. faced, were some of the bravest pioneers Charlie looked across the room at me, 13068 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 13, 1968 laughter glistening on his face: "Zito, porters are among the growing number ot buildings furnished by UNESCO for the pur­ Roman," he shouted over the din. "Long those who may take credit for their share pose of combatting . . . illiteracy. The mis­ in exposing contemporary Africa's greatest use of these internationally financed UNES­ life, Roman." and most awsome international scandal. The CO gifts was disclosed in a dispatch from Zito, my old friend, Zito, and thank. genocide rampage of the Sudanese Arab re­ Kampala, capital city of Uganda, some time you. gime, representing seven million Arabized ago. Moslem Northerners, against four million A survey of the anarchy prevailing in the non-Moslem, non-Arab Africans, is engaging Southern Sudan, completed in March, 1966. AFRICA'S HIDDEN SHAME growing attention and indignation through­ stated: "The war they are fighting (in the out the world. In Africa, as elsewhere, in the Southern Sudan) has now gone tar beyond. long run, the truth is irrepressible. What is the stage of politics, beyond even the state HON. JAMES H. SCHEUER the truth about the Southern Sudan? of a religious conflict. The Arab is killing OF NEW YORK Radio Nigeria, over its Lagos transmitter, the African because he is an African and castigated the Sudan in June, 1963, for ef­ the African is killing the Arab because he is IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES forts at "bullying the south into accepting a an Arab. And between the two, the people Monday, May 13, 1968 thoroughly centralized system, with a single of the Southern Sudan are caught and held. educational program, a single language­ in the web of terror." Mr. SCHEUER. Mr. Speaker, one of Arabic--a single religion, and a single Islamic During the initial phases of the Sudanese the most terrible wars of human exter­ way of life." Radio Lagos described the civil war, in 1962, the Northern Moslem mination in this decade has been going Southern Sudanese resistance movement as military merely endeavored to kill Southern on, almost unnoticed, In Africa----where a "national movement against discrimina­ Sudanese males, while women were kid­ the armies of the Sudanese Government tion and Islamic domination which ... the naped to "supply the brothels of Khartoum have been engaged in what is nothing Sudanese government represents." Radio Ni­ and the 'export' market across the Red Sea geria's comment in 1963 will probably rank (i.e. Saudi Arabia and the Persian Gulf sheik­ less than a planned campaign to destroy as the understatement of the century in the doms) , " as disclosed by a London periodical the non-Arab population of the Southern history of modern Africa. In 1965, Northern devoted to Mideast affairs. Sudan. Sudanese Moslem troops massacred the en­ Egypt's defeat in Yemen and on the Sinai The 7 million Arabized Moslem north­ tire population of the town of Juba, totalling peninsula has not remained without impact erners are engaged in what amounts to 1,400 men, women and children. on the Southern Sudanese freedom fighters a war of genocide against the 4 million Moscow's hand in the perpetrations of the who refer to the end of Arab dominance in non-Moslem, non-Arab southerners. Sudanese Arab forces is revealed by an eye Zanzibar as an event which they have learned witness to the Juba massacre: "On July 5th, to appreciate in the light of their own ex­ Even when an entire town of 1,400 1965, Ali Abd-el Rahman, a junior officer in periences ... people was massacred the news was vir­ the Sudan Army, had a conversation with a tually ignored-as were also the protests Southerner whom he thought to be a North­ of Nigeria and other African govern­ erner. He told the Southerner that the Army ments. in the South had received orders from head­ quarters at Khartoum to kill all Southern HIGH SCHOOL GRADUATES, 1968 We have witnessed repeated cam­ Sudanese of the educated classes and on top paigns of genocide in our generation, of the list were members of the Southern starting with the evil deeds of Adolf front." HON. FRED SCHWENGEL Hitler. We have heard of the horrors of This is a quotation from a report by a sur­ OF IOWA apartheid, and we know of Nasser's dec­ vivor of the Juba massacre, perpetrated by laration that he would "push the Jews the Sudanese Army. These gruesome details IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES into the sea." Here is another example of reminiscent of the Russian Revolution and Monday, May 13, 1968 the Nazi persecutions, were published by the an Arab League State, following along "Voice of the Southern Sudan," organ of the Mr. SCHWENGEL. Mr. Speaker, this the same inhuman line of destroying Sudan African Liberation Front, in its issue year there will be about 6,000 high school people of a race or religion whom its of October, 1965. graduates in the First District. leaders do not like. The Sudan Government's systematic effort Each year I send to these graduating Fortunately, the West German maga­ at murdering off the educated among the seniors a memenJto which contains a quo­ zine Stem went to the expense of send­ Southern Sudanese Africans also accounts for another bloody highlight in the Sudan tation from the writings of Thomas ing reporters to cover this forgotten war Race War, the massacre at Wau, where Jefferson. a year ago; and, fortunately, the Society seventy-six persons, attending a double wed­ The memento follows: for the Prevention of World War III, ding, were killed en masse by the Moslem To You-A GRADUATE, CLASS OF 1968 in its periodical Prevent World War III, troops. In this unequal contest, the Sudan Gov­ My gift to you on your graduation is this has direoted American public attention facsimile of Thomas Jeffereson's advice to to the evidence concerning this danger­ ernment's armed might-financed by a gift of $5,500,000 from the oil sheikdom of Ku­ a namesake-one of the most profound les­ ous situation. It is appropriate that in sons for life's guidance I have ever read. this human rights year, and at a time wait and with arms supplies from Egypt, Algeria and the Soviet Union-15,000 well­ "THOMAS JEFFERSON TO THOMAS JEFFERSON when we are again forced to reassess the equipped government troops are facing 5,000 SMITH beligerent purposes of the Arab League starving, ill-equipped, ill-fed, but high­ "This letter will, to you be as one from States in the Middle East, we should pay spirited and faith-inspired Anya-Nya resist­ the dead; the writer will be in the grave attention to this additional example of ance fighters, while close to 250,000 South­ before you can weigh it's counsels, your af­ Arab terrorism. ern Sudanese have fled into neighboring fectionate and excellent father has requested I, therefore, include in my remarks the countries, including the Central African Re­ that I would address to you something which article, "Africa's Hidden Shame: Arab public, the Congo, Uganda and Ethiopia. might possibly have a favorable influence on Meanwhile, the Sudan Government is sub­ the course of life you have to run, and I Genocide Campaign Threatens Survival servient to Arab League fanatics: the Sudan too, as a namesake, feel an interest in that of Four Million Southern Sudanese Af­ Prime Minister enjoys strutting before the course. Few words will be necessary with ricans," from the winter-spring 1968 edi­ cameras, as conference host to the defeated good dispositions on your part. Adore God, tion of the publication, Prevent World Arab warmongers Nasser, Hussein, Shukairy. reverence and cherish your parents, love your War III: While brutally pursuing anti-black, anti­ Neighbor as yourself; and your Country more African racialism, this Quisling of the Arab AFRICA'S HIDDEN SHAME: ARAB GENOCIDE CAM­ than yourself, be just, be true, murmer not PAIGN THREATENS SURVIVAL OF 4 MILLION League is is equally anti-white and anti­ at the ways of Providence. So shall the life, SOUTHERN SUDANESE AFRICANS Christian: the Sudan's Christian mission­ into which you have entered, be the Portal aries and clerics, Roman Catholic and Prot­ to one of eternal and ineffable bliss, and, if (By a special correspondent) estant, foreign and native are gone ... many to the dead it is permitted to care for the "Here, Arabs May Murder Negroes." had to flee for their lives, others were mur­ things of this world, every action of your These words summarize the current trag­ dered, others died while fleeing, and those life will be under my regard. Farewell. edy of the Southern Sudan. They also con­ who do not belong to any of these categories stituted the front cover caption featured were expelled. At any rate, none have re­ "MONTICELLO, February 24, 1825!' by the April 23, 1967, issue of "Stern," mass mained in the country, where Islam has With this memento I offer my congratula­ circulation weekly published in Hamburg, been established in a monopolistic and dom­ tions in the hope that you will find in this Germany. Equally apt was the subcaption of inant position. Christian churches and superbly beautiful prose, by one of the the story: "The Drama Which Remains Un­ schools have been turned into Moslem reli­ founders of the American tradition, the in­ reported." gious and Moslem-controlled public school spiration that to me is so deep and so The Hamburg publishers, editors and re- plants, including thirty-two pre-fabricated moving. May 13, 1968 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 13069 May I suggest that you find time to read coverage of the Detroit riots and the na­ Gray P ayne was named best cartoonist, and .and study the lives and teachings of those tionally famed cartoonist, Gene Payne Knight himself was cited for editorial writ­ -who had such an important part in develop­ ing. It was a day of rare honors for a pub­ ing the rich heritage of freedom and liberty of the Charlotte Observer received the lisher who h as not gone out of his way to -we enjoy in our country. award in his classification. Eeek t hem. Sincerely yours, John S. Knight is one of the most in­ Kn ight h as n ever fancied him.self a domi­ FRED SCHWENGEL, :fiuential writers of our times. He brings neering press lord. Preferring to call his pa­ Member of Congress, his great sense of integrity to every line pers a group, not a chain, he encourages Fir st D i strict of Iowa. of his copy. local autonomy, and his papers make the As I stated earlier, this award to Jack most of it. The Detroit Free Press (eire. 605,000) , the Miami Herald (369,600), the Knight has received great approval by Charlotte Observer (177,950) , the Akron Bea­ other editorial wrtters. Perhaps one of con Journal (178,147), the Charlotte News JOHN S. KNIGHT the best examples of this is the very (63 ,772) and the Tallahasse Democrat (29,- fine editorial written by another fine 300 ) are all increasing their circulation and editorial writer, Thomas Noyes of the are highly profitable. With interests in one HON. WILLIAM H. AYRES Washington Star. That editorial follows: television and three radio stations as well as OF OHIO three Florida weeklies, the group's total reve­ KNIGHT' S TRIPULITZER IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES nues reached $123 m1111on in 1967, up In ice hockey, the scoring of three goals $4,000,000 from the year before. Net income, Monday, May 13, 1968 in a single game by one player is known however, was down from $9,000,000 in 1966 as the hat trick. In newspapering, the win­ Mr. AYRES. Mr. Speaker, another to $8,000,000, last year, mainly because of the ning of three Pulitzer prizes by a single 26-week strike against the Free Press that great honor has come to my fellow newspaper group hasn't got a name, for the still shows no sign of ending. Akron citizen-JohnS. Knight. The dis­ ample reason that--until this year-it had Ruthlessly Local. Authority is generously tinguished editorial chairman of the never been done in the 52-year history of delegated all down the line at Knight news­ Knight newspapers has been awarded the prestigious award. papers. Reporters are free to pursue a story the prized Pulitzer Prize for editorial It might, perhaps, be called the hat's off as long as they think it is worth it. This has ·writing. trick. produced some memorable series, including This award is based on the Pulitzer John S. Knight, at age 74, serves very ac­ the Free Press's Pulitzer-winning analysis of tively as principal owner and editorial chief­ last summer's ghetto riots. For five weeks a test of excellence in "clearness of style, tain of the Knight Newspapers. At a time of trio of reporters investigated every one of moral purpose, sound reasoning, and life when many men are content to sit back the 43 deaths that occurred during the riots. power to influence public opinion." Cer­ and let their thoughts wander through the As a result of the series, three white police­ tainly all of those who have been readers misty maze of memory, Knight is busy men and a Negro watchman were indicted of the John S. Knight column in the honing his mind against the great issues of this month for conspiring to violate the civll Akron Beacon Journal, the Miami Her­ the day and setting forth his crisp and rights of eight Negroes held in a motel (two ald, Detroit Free Press, the Tallahassee forceful opinions in signed editorials. Pulit­ of the Negroes had been shot and killed). zer prize number one, for distinguished edi­ Last month, the Charlotte Observer wound Democrat, the Charlotte Observer, and torial writing. up a searching seven-week report on condi­ many other newspapers, have long since The staff of the Detroit Free Press, a ma­ tions among North Carolina's poor, both felt that it is one of the most fearless jor link in the Knight chain, rose to the black and white. Reporters Dwayne Walls and vital newspaper columns published challenge of the 1967 Detroit riot with clear and James Batten even traveled to Chicago 1n the world. unhysterical coverage of the event and a and Washington to discover how North Caro­ It has been my privilege, from time to thoughtful probe of its causes. Pulitzer lina migrants were faring; most were dis­ time, to have some of these columns in­ prize number two, for local reporting. illusioned and not doing much better than serted in the CoNGRESSIONAL RECORD. My On the payroll of the Charlotte, N.C., Ob­ they had done at home. server, is one Eugene Gray Payne, a young Knight's dailies are all locally oriented. "I .colleagues in this body have often com­ man nobody much outside of the home would rather miss the big national story," mented most favorably on both their town had ever heard of. They have now. says Beacon Journal Publisher and Executive .clarity and quality. John S. Knight has Pulitzer prize number three, for the out­ Editor Ben Maidenburg. "The reader is going through his columns acted as an adviser standing editorial cartoonist for the year to get that on TV or the New York Times or to Presid ~ nts and Members of the U.S. 1967. the newsmagazines. I would rather get that Congress. It is unfortunate that the Free Press Rotary Club meeting or the Junior Chamber The John S. Knight column, "The has been deprived of some justified crown­ of Commerce story instead." That fits in with Editor's Notebook" has been running for ing on behalf of itself and its sister publi­ Knight's thinking. "It is our obligation to cations. The newspaper has been shut down print a lot of local news," he says. "We do :32 years. On its 25th birthday, John S. by a labor dispute since November. Since very well at it; sometimes, I must confess, Knight wrote: they cannot do it themselves, we salute to the point where I feel it is boring." To The "Notebook" idea sprang from the con­ them and the other Knight winners with report this news, the papers hire youngsters viction that newspapers were becoming as enthusiasm, a touch of envy and a great fresh from college and pay them reasonably impersonal-in those days--as banks and deal of admiration. well; otherwise, editorial budgets are lean. In -corporations. With few exceptions, editors three or four years, reporters generally move of that era preferred ivory tower seclusion I know of no single group of men who on to publications of more national scope. :and the anonymity of the unsigned editorial. have merited greater respect than the Dissenters Wanted, Knight encourages all So why not, I thought, say what was on editortal writers of our newspapers. his papers to take strong positions on politi­ my mind and prepare to dodge the brick­ Their courageous stands on all issues cal issues. They are free to disagree with him bats. The brickbats have helped keep us certainly are to be admired by all of us. and among themselves. In the 1962 Ohio alert, the bouquets provide stimulation and in gubernational campaign, the Beacon Journal encouragement. To be recognized as a leader this supported Democratic Candidate Michael Di honored profession is truly a great dis­ Salle. Editor Maidenburg, who dissented, was The bouquets that have come to the tinction. perm! tted to run his own signed editorials distinguished editor, John S. Knight, I am certain that most of my col­ backing Republican James Rhodes, the even­ from his fellow editors have been many. leagues join with me in saluting this tual winner. There has been almost universal ap­ great achievement of this former presi­ Knight's home base is in Akron, where he proval of his selection for this great dis­ dent of both the American Society of inherited the Beacon Journal from his father tinction. in 1933. Every month he travels to one of his Newspaper Editors and the Inter-Amer­ newspapers for a day's consultation. He reads Under the direction of John S. Knight, ican Press Association, John S. Knight. all his papers every day, insists that every the Knight newspapers have assembled So that we all might better under­ editorial be initialed so that he wlll know one of the finest editortal staffs in mod­ stand this great Amertcan and his news­ who writes it. His favorite activity comes each ern newspaper histo.cy. Ten times, in the papers, I enclose the very comprehensive Thursday, when he closets himself in his past Pulitzer prizes have been given to story in the current issue of Time maga­ office and works on his weekly column, for its members. zine. It follows: which he won the Pulitzer. Although he is a This year the Pulitzer Prize Commit­ conservative, he has been a consistent oppo­ THE CHAIN THAT DOESN' T BIND nent of the VietNam war; for the past year, tee has awarded three citations to For the first time in the history of Pulitzer he has written about little else. He is blunt­ Knight newspaper members. This is un­ prizes, a single publisher, John S. Knight, 73, crusty, even-but never rash. As a man who precedented. carried off three of them last week. His Detroit does not hesitate to speak his own mind, he The staff of the Detroit Free Press re­ Free Press won top prize for local general has made it a firm pollcy to let others speak ceived the local reporting award for their reporting, the Charlotte Observer's Eugene theirs. 13070 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 13, 1968 COMMENCEMENT ADDRESS OF n ame identify the college today, founded our thing you ca n take with you is this concept JAMES D. FINLEY Cleveland plant in 1925. The Stevens Com­ of yourself as an individual; not as a member pany was h is selling agent for many years of some group. Too often in our society peo­ and purchased the plant in 1946. The pres­ ple say, "I 'm a member of this political HON. BASIL L. WHITENER ent office m anager of that plant, Mr. John party or that group, so I'll have to accept McBrayer, is a member of the Gardner-Webb their particular way of thinking." Thus, they OF NORTH CAROLINA Board of Trustees. A great many Stevens abdicate their responsibility to think and to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES people are here in North Carolina and in decide a particular issue for themselves. It is Monday, May 13, 1968 South Carolina, and I know that many mem­ unfortuna te that it is so easy to do this in bers of your families are also members of the our present-day society and that so many Mr. WHITENER. Mr. Speaker, it was Stevens family. people :q.ave chosen this way. They have tried my privilege to participate in the com­ But I believe that Stevens and Gardner­ to avoid the responsibility for maintaining mencement exercises at Gardner-Webb Webb share another close tie: that of two in­ their own individuality and have discoverd, College, Boiling Springs, N.C., on Sunday, stitutions undergoing tremendous growth too late, that they are left with absolutely during the past few years. I know you have nothing. Your generation has most frequently May 12, 1968, at 3 p.m. This splendid been conscious of the growth of this school criticized mine for this very fault, and, I am institution of learning has had an out­ and campus. As you dodged bulldozers and sorry to say, in many cases you have been standing year of service to the cause of graders, detoured around open foundations, right. Let me caution you now that the same higher education and public service. and tried to ignore the noise of hammering thing will happen to some of you long before The program at the commencement and sawing, there were probably many times the next generation comes to m aturity? exercises was most impressive to those of when you felt you would be fortunate just But I feel that your generation faces the us who had the privilege of being present. to live through it all. Well, you have lived danger of losing its individuality to a dif­ through it, and I think you have come to ferent pressure. Even as I speak to you now, Special citations were awarded by the realize that growth is always accompanied there are people demonstrating for rights, college to four of North Carolina's most by a few growing pains. Within the next few picketing for rights, fasting for rights, even outstanding citizens. It was a particular years, though, when Gardner-Webb has rioting for rights. The public demonstra­ pleasure to me that the faculty commit­ graduated its first four-year class, you will tion," the rally, the sit-in, the protest march, tee had selected four of my closest per­ be able to point to this building, the Oampus all these are fc.rms of mass action which your sonal friends for these citations. The re­ Center and the Stadium, the new Chapel­ generation has put in the headlines of fu­ cipients were Hon. Woodrow W. Jones, Auditorium, three new dormitories, and day's newspapers and on the screens of all other improvements and say with pride, "I our TV sets. U.S. district judge, and my predecessor was there when all this was happening!" But where is the individual in all of this? in the House of Representatives; Mr. R. But what is it that gives vitality and a can we say th.at the young man in the middle Patrick Spangler, an outstanding busi­ strong sense of purpose to this growth? of the seventeenth row of demonstrators is ness executive and civic leader in North Growth does not occur just for its own there as an individual? Dc.es this group really Carolina; Mr. John L. Fraley, a business sake; there must be a constant ideal guid­ say everything he believes and nothing more? and civic leader in our State; and Mr. ing and shaping its direction. At Gardner­ Or has he simply subjugated his individual­ Thomas J. McGraw, vice president of Webb this ideal has been a regard for the ity to serve the cause of the mass, not his individual. You have benefited f~om classes own cause? I think the answer is obvious. Gardner-Webb College, and an out­ which met in manageable number. You have I maintain those who have taken to this standing servant of the people in reli­ benefited from the concern of teachers who form of actic.n. have misunderstood and gious and higher education. not only know their subjec1:6 but who also underestimated the resources of American One of the highlights of the program know you. society. Our Constitution guarantees the was the commencement address deliv­ It is this concern for you as individuals that rights and duties of individuals, not of ered by James D. Finley, chairman of I would like to discuss today. Perhaps in a groups. From the very beginning our great the board, J. P. Stevens & Co., Inc. Mr. school like this where you have had the men, Thcmas Jefferson is a good example, Finley is one of the outstanding busi­ benefit o! being treated and eduoated as an have been esteemed not because they were individual, it has become so much a part of leaders of factions or interest groups, but be­ ness leaders of our country. His record your daily lives that you have not been cause they brought to public life a clear con­ of attainment in the business and indus­ able to step back and see what its true im­ cept of their own individuality and a deter­ trial life of our Nation is a lesson in free portance is. mination to respect the individuality of enterprise for all of us. I am sure you have all had experience with others. Our Presidents have only rarely been The message which he gave to the two types of classes: the lecture to a large swept into power at the head of a mass move­ graduates of Gardner-Webb College is group of students and the seminar with a ment. One of the greatest strengths of the one which should be made available to small number. Which captured your in­ American electoral system is that it forces terest more? In the lecture format, you as a each candidate to face the entire public as an all Americans. I am, therefore, making group were presented with facts and opinions individual; to confront all the people and it a part of my remarks at this point in and asked to take notes on them and learn shc.w them his personal qualities and be­ the RECORD: them. There was little or no opportunity for liefs. We have never allowed our great men COMMENCEMENT ADDRESS OF JAMES D . FINLEY you to discuss your point of view, to clear to take refuge under a party label and come TO THE CLASS OF 1968, GARDNER-WEBB CoL­ up points you felt were hazy, or to ask your to power without giving us a chance to see LEGE, MAY 12, 1968 instructor for clarification of an issue. him act as an individual. Dr. Poston, esteemed faculty, honored Contrast this to the smaller, seminar type There are those who say that this is all guests, and members of the Class of 1968: of class you have encountered at Gardner­ very well and good, but that those days are I am very pleased that I have been given Webb. Here you have had an opportunity to go.ne forever. Modern society, they say, is the opportunity to be here today to extend add your own thoughts to the discussion, to too large and too complex to take time to to you my congratulations on your achieve­ contribute som.e of your own experience to listen to the individual, to evaluate him, ment and to wish you good luck in the the learning process. Your teacher has had or to guarantee his individual rights. In future. During this month and the next, an opportunity to aim his comments at your short, the mass must be served. According members of the Class of 1968 in some 2,200 specific questions: to make the subject mat­ to them, the best we can do is balance the colleges and universities throughout the ter meaningful to you as an individual. opposing interests of groups and the most United States will be listening to commence­ This approach to the student as an indi­ effective way to make your voice heard is to ment addresses. Probably all those, like my­ vidual at Gardner-Webb has the advantage join a group of several thousand and march self, who have been honored with an invita­ of making the student interested in his own back and fc.rth in front of a building. tion to speak to a graduating class strive for education. By demanding much of you, it has The answer I would give them is that the two objectives in their address: they try to be forced you to examine yourself, to drive your­ fault is not in our society, but in the fact memorable and they try to be brief-usually self in your search for knowledge, and to re­ that so few people really know how to be in that order. Now you m ay wonder, as I do, spond to the guidance of your faculty. You individuals and to make their voices heard whether there are 2,200 memorable things to have learned that there is more to an educa­ as individuals. Too many are afraid to speak be said each year. So in thinking of some­ tion than simply memorizing something, re­ unless they are assured of the support of a thing to say to you today I decided to strive peating it on a test, and forgetting it. You group; too many would rather place the safe­ for brevity first. That way, if you agree with have been taught to evaluate what you learn, keeping of their rights and liberties in the what I have to say, you might be able tore­ to integrate it into the body of knowledge h ands of others. member it more easily. If you disagree, you you already possess, and to make it some­ I promised yc.u brevity and you shall have won't have to listen to it for very long! thing with a unique significance to you. it, but if I could leave you with one thing Congressman Whitener mentioned that I What meaning does this have for you now, to remember, it is this: never forget the represent J.P. Stevens & Co., Inc., so my per­ as you are about to leave Gardner-Webb? principles of individuality you have learned sonal pleasure in being here today is increased Many of you will be continuing your edu­ here. Think, vote, act, and live as an indi­ by the long and cordial relationship between cation, many will be starting your careers. I vidual thoroughout the rest of your life. Bear your college and the Stevens Company. Mr. 0. hope you will realize as you reflect on your it in mind when you deal with others, too, Max Gardner, whose name and whose wife's colle·ge experience, that the most important both of you will gain from it. Strive to over- May 13, 1968 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 13071 look group labels when you deal with them, from, as with where this history suggests summary fashion. Let me add t hat the mime­ for when you ignore or diminish another they might go, and with the adjustments ograph machines of the Office of Education person 's individuality, you ultimately en­ that a successful journey will require. The grind exceedingly fast, and we will be happy danger the value of your own. purpose of my remarks is to raise one ques­ to supply the earlier and complete text to Our society needs this contribution from tion: what can Catholic education do for any of you who write for it. your generation, and thc.se of us from my our education crisis while it struggles with First, a renewed emphasis on pre-school generation look forward to an infusion of its own crisis of resources? education. Such evidence as we have indi­ new energy and insight from you. Individ­ THE "EDUCATION CRISIS" cates that the level of intellectual capability uality, like anything else worth preserving, young people will achieve at 17 is already is not easy tc. achieve or to maintain in to­ First of all, it seems to me important to half-determined by the age of four, and that day's society. But it is by no means impos­ pin down the nature and extent of this "edu­ another 30 percent is predictable at seven sible. I personally believe that young people cation crisis" we hear so much about. Much years. This being the case, wisdom in the like yourselves, if this class is typical of your of American education is in good shape. The use of our educational resources warrants a high standards, are more than equal to the fact is that the United States provides more nationwide stress on schooling for children task. of its children a better education than most four years old and perhaps even younger­ other nations on earth. particularly culturally deprived children, But just as you can add the annual in­ whose homes deny them the educational come of a millionaire and a pauper, divide by background that middle-income homes pro­ A NEW OPPORTUNITY FOR CATH­ two, and come up with the information that OLIC EDUCATION-AN ADDRESS vide. Focusing a significant proportion of our their "average" income is $500,000, so can educational investment on pre-school and BY HAROLD HOWE II, U.S. COM­ data on the "average" American school con­ kindergarten programs might enable us-10 MISSIONER OF EDUCATION, AN­ ceal sharp disparities. The American educa­ or 15 years from now-to reduce our invest­ NUAL CONVENTION OF THE NA­ tional system, both private and public, is ment in the later years of high school. TIONAL CATHOLIC EDUCATIONAL highly class-bound in its delivery of knowl­ ASSOCIATION, SAN FRANCISCO, edge. It takes good care of children from REDUCE THE ISOLATION OF THE SCHOOLS CALIF., APRIL 18,1968 middle- and high-income families, but­ Second, we must reduce the isolation of largely for reasons not of the schools' own the schools. Children spend only six hours making-it slights the children of the poor. a day in school, five days a week. For better HON. JOHN BRADEMAS Youngsters from poverty families start or for worse, however, they continue to learn school later, leave school earlier, and learn during the other 10 waking hours, and unless OF INDIANA less than their more fortunate peers. this "outside" education reinforces school IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES In recent years, the Federal government work, even the finest school and the finest Monday, May 13, 1968 has begun attacking this link between low staff can fail to improve a youngster's economic status and below-average scholas­ achievement. If they are to succeed with Mr. BRADEMAS. Mr. Speaker, under tic performance. The largest single Federal children whose needs are so great, poverty unanimous consent I insert at this point program for education is Title I of the Ele­ schools must stretoh their resources through in the RECORD the text of a most thought­ mentary and Secondary Education Act, alliances with all the other forces in the ful address delivered on April 18, 1968, which channels more than a billion dollars community that can advance the learning a year into school districts where there are enterprise. before the annual convention of the Na­ high concentrations of low-income families. Especially in the big cities, this means tional Catholic Educational Association About $35 mlllion of that amount went to some degree of decentralization, converting in San Francisco, Calif., by the distin­ private schools last year. In a few weeks, we the school into a community resource that guished U.S. Commissioner of Educa­ expect to have our second annual report on offers adult instruction and provides a cen­ tion, Harold Howe IT. Title I. I think it wm show that the tax­ ter for the organization of community ac­ Commissioner Howe's address, eilltitled payers' money has been well invested, that tivities. It means a school whose doors are "A New Opportunity for Catholic Educa­ this program is making a difference. open nights, weekends, and summers, and But the report will also highlight some of school ofilcials who seek out new forms of tion," follows: the problems revealed by our partial successes cooperation with the Mayor's ofilce, the Com­ A NEW OPPORTUNITY FOR CATHOLIC EDUCATION and partial failures. One of the most serious munity Action Agency, and other local au­ (Address by Harold Howe II, U.S. Commis- of these arises from the educational neces­ thorities. sioner of Education, Department of Health, sity for concentrating Title I funds and the Third, the secondary schools must end Education, and Welfare, before the annual political necessity of dispersing them. It their isolation from the world of wark. Such convention of the National Catholic Edu­ seems clear at this point that if we are to isolation may do little harm in the suburbs, cational Association, San Francisco, Calif., improve the quality of a culturally deprived where high-school graduates are destined to April 18, 1968) youngster's education, we must make a mas­ attend college like it or not-but it harms With the exception of segregation, the sive additional investment in his schooling. youngsters who must make the transition church-state issue is doubtless the most con­ We know that we can get more educational from school to job in their teens. American troversial question in American education impact from Title I funds if we concentrate educators have typically put vocational edu­ today. Hence you will understand my re­ them--if, instead of giving 10,000 youngsters cation low on their agenda. We must bring it luctance even to bring the matter up. Yet one hour of remedial reading each week, we to the top. We need a better answer than we I cannot repress the conviction that the citi­ give 1,000 of them 10 hours a week. have now to the question, "What does the zens of the United States owe the Roman But who can make such a decision? No school do for the 80 percent of its students Catholic Church a profound debt of grati­ local school superintendent can be expected who do not obtain a Bachelor's degree?" tude. For the last decade, you and your co­ to exclude 9,000 needy students from a pro­ Fourth, we must emphasize the training religionists have provided the rest of us with gram so that 1,000 will get as much help as and retraining of teachers. More than any­ a striking example of free spirits and open they need. Moreover, this kind of decision thing else, culturally deprived children need minds in action. Your activities have been passes beyond the sphere of education into a new breed of teachers who understand both inspiring and fascinating. that of morality: if the hot lunch a youngster them and start with what they can do, rather We watched with considerable awe as Pope receives at school is the only decent one he than confronting them with tasks which John and Vatican II changed the church has all day, should we eliminate that meal automatically make them failures. At the more in two years than it had changed in even though it does not improve his reading? same time, these teachers must have high the previous 200; and as a Federal bureau­ I think not. There are only two broad solu­ expectations for children and infinite crat, I listened with wry sympathy as one tions to redeeming the urban and rural poor patience in seeing those expectations realized. bishop plaintively wondered how anyone from educational failure: first, get more Developing such teachers requires tha.t could consider the Catholic church a mono­ value from the resources we already have; schoolmen take a much more active role in lithic institution. "Monolithic!" he snorted. second, bring more resources to bear. training the teachers of the future, as well as "This outfit is barely coherent!" PRIORITIES in retraining those we already have. Each Things seem to have quieted down in the The first matter calls for priorities, for school system can use its outstanding teach­ church by now-which is to say that crisis ranking in order of importance a number of ers now to train others, through flexible has become run-of-the-mill. And in this re­ educational techniques that seem particu­ arrangements that permit less experienced gard, Catholic education exemplifies the con­ larly promising. Several weeks ago, in an ad­ teachers to work with the most experienced dition of American education in general. dress to the American Association of School and proficient. Teaching is like tennis. You What I would like to do today is to specify Administrators in Atlantic City, I offered a learn to do it better by doing it with someone the nature of the education crisis, for there six-point program to get at the problems of who is better at it than you are. is too much easy and sometimes inaccurate educationally deprived children; and even The fifth program-component that we talk about the "crisis" in our schools and though some of you may have been in that ought to stress is individualized instruction. colleges. Then I would like to discuss evolu­ audience, I am tempted to inflict it on you We must remove the straight jacket that our tion-the evolution of institutions in gen­ again. In an ecumenical spirit, however­ administrative groupings impose on children eral, and of the Catholic educational system which means that no Protestant should keep and allow each to proceed at his own pace, in particular. Here it will not be so much Catholics fixed in their seats beyond lunch­ neither holding back the gifted nor forcing concerned with where Catholic schools came time-! will present my list of priorities in the slow. We have paid lip service to this 13072 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 13, 1968 idea for years. Now that we have the means to In response to such a suggestion from a nomic parity, I question whether the single put it into action, we must do so. public official, Catholic education officials distinction between parochial and public The sixth and last recommendation may be might well ask, "Why?" Why should Catholic schools-the provision of religious instruc­ the hardest to achieve-raciaZ integration of education, which received precious little help tion-justifies the continuing establishment the schools. We know that the success of a from the public sector on its own financial of a highly expensive, dual school system in child is affected by whom he goes to school problems, expend its resources to accomplish the suburbs when our cities and their schools with; that children learn as much from a social redemption that may properly be are so dangerously close to disaster. their classmates as from their teachers­ called the responsibility of public agencies? Religious instruction is a worthwhile end maybe more; that a child's feeling about his Why shouZd the Catholic parent, who sup­ in itself. It need not be defended on the chances for success in life are diminished by ports his own parish school and at the same ground that another way of belief is warring attending a segregated school. We know also time supports public education with his against it, nor does it lose its justification as that there is a strong connection between taxes, dig even deeper in his pocket to edu­ religious hostility vanishes. But I believe this feeling, this "self-image,'' and what he cate non-Catholic children in the ghetto? that religious instruction can be effectively actually achieves in school. Why, when every request from Catholics for carried forward without, at the same time, Knowing these things, we educators must public aid raises a new hue and cry from demanding of Catholic parents that they keep school desegregation on our agenda., re­ non-Catholics about church and state, finance instruction in geography, arithmetic, fusing to back away from the job just be­ should CathoHc institutions try to do thek science, and driver-training as well. Greeley cause it is so difficult. We must keep chipping part to bail out the public sector? and Rossi report that Confraternity of Chris­ away at the barriers to desegregated school­ CATHOLIC EDUCATION tian Doctrine classes for Catholic students ing-not just for the sake of minority group in public schools have had only modest suc­ children, but for the sake of white children To answer these questions, I will embark cess. To that I would reply-along with many as well, and for the sake of a healthy com­ on a somewhat shaky foray into history and Catholic educators-that what George Ber­ the rationale underlying Oa.tholic education. munity. In America there can be no such nard Shaw said of Christianity is true of thing as high quality, totally segregated edu­ In the process, I fully expect to raise some CCD: it's a fine idea, but it's never been tried. tempers. I do not claim for my remarks any It has never been financed adequately, and C81tion. ultimate wisdom; indeed, I anticipate that I WHAT ABOUT THE PAROCHIAL SCHOOLS it might well succeed if it received a portion may say some questionable things. But it of the funds now going into new parochial What have these recommendations, origi­ seems to me important today that all edu­ schools in the suburbs, into Catholic swim­ nally addressed to public school administra­ cators run such risks, for our conventional ming pools and Catholic football uniforms. tors, to do with the parochial schools? With­ wisdom has so far proven unequal to the social problems that face us; it may be time This is not an either-or argument. It is a out a doubt parochial schools can go to work question of priorities. If all of American edu­ on this list of priorities just as effectively as to hazard a hunch or two and see what cation were adequately financed, there public schools. But the more important point happens. would be no need for Catholic education to I want to raise is that oatholic schools have Catholic education emerged partly as a address itself to urban needs. a number of characteristics that specially fit defense against a public education tha.t was That is not the case. Many suburbs can them to make a major contribution to the clearly Protestant, even anti-Catholic, in na­ take care of themselves-but our cities need improvement of American society by deter­ ture. The public schools did not merely ig­ help, and Catholic education can provide a mining to make a major new effort to im­ nore the Catholic belief of some of their share of that help. I realize the financial prove urban education. Three particular students; they were positively h<>Sltile to it. problems that Catholic education faces, and characteristics are of special importance: That time has passed. Though some schools that in some areas, it appears to be on the First, the Oatholic educational system is in certain regions of the U.S.A. retain a defi­ fiscal ropes. Yet I wonder whether Catholic mainly metropolitan in nature. For histori­ nite tincture of militant Protestant feeling, I education serves its own self interest or the cal reasons having to do with immigration think it fair to say that most American pub­ National interest by borrowing to build in patterns, your cUentele-and hence your lic schools today are neutral toward religion. the suburbs while our cities cry out for help. schools and colleges-are concentrated in This being the case, I think one might argue Do good public schools make bad Protes­ the major cities and their suburbs. that one of the original motivations for the tants? I doubt that many of you would feel Second, while Catholic education most ad­ establishment of Catholic schools has disap­ comfortable arguing so, and I doubt that here to standards set by various regional and peared. And lest this statement sound like good public schools make bad Catholics, State accrediting bodies, it operates outsicfe an outsider's improperly poking his nose into the political system that sometimes prevents your business, let me quote an insider. either. It seems to me that a growing por­ public school superintendents from doing tion of the Catholic investment in education In 1890, in an address to the National Edu­ might go to the cities-not only for the good what they know to be the wisest thing for cation Association, Archbishop John Irel•and education. In effect, the parochial system is of the cities themselves, and for the good of had this to say: American society, but for the good of the relatively free from the restraints of state "I am the friend and the advocate of the educational policy-much of which, devised American Catholic church as well. state school. In the circumstances of the I add this last clause because I think that to serve rural areas, ignore the realities of present time I uphold the parish school. I the central city in the latter half of the 20th American Catholic education has reached do sincerely wish the need of it did not exist. a new stage in its evolution. It began as an century. I would have all schools for the children of Third, the political boundaries of the paro­ immigrant system; it is one no longer. If it the people state schools." is to flourish, it must--like any other success­ chial school system-the 147 dioceses of the If Archbishop Ireland's reason for uphold­ American Catholic Church-comprise both ful organism-adapt to changing circum­ ing the parochial school was "the circum­ stances; it must meet the social and intellec­ cities and suburbs, thus permitting a metro­ stances of the present time"-that is to say, politan approach to educational problems. tual challenges put forward by an evolving the anti-Catholic tendency of public schools nation, an evolving world, and an evolving These three characteristics fit the Catho­ in the 19th century-and if that bias has lic educational system to join the public American Catholicism. It must look to its disappeared, what is the reason for parochial intellectual underpinnings, to its reasons for system in improving urban education, and schools now? they give it some possibilities for elements of being-for the old ones seem to be J:osing I do not mean to suggest, even by implica­ some of their valid!ty. leadership. Their freedom from many po­ tion, that Catholic education be scrapped. If litical restraints, their concentration in it were, public education in many parts of PROBLEMS FACING PAROCHIAL SCHOOLS urban areas, and the metropolitan characte:r the country would be in serious trouble. You see the signs of trouble better than I: of their organization enable Catholic schools, Moreover, as Father Greeley and Dr. Rossi problems with financial re-sources; major colleges, and universities to move together point out in The Education of Catholic criticism of the parochial schools; declines in with a daring that may be denied to public Americans," . .. being for or against a school attendance which, though modest, are strik­ education officials. You can mount experi­ system with over five million students is like ing in view of the increasing numbers and mental programs without the slow process of being for or against the Rocky Mountains; affluence of the Catholic population; growing seeking formal public approval; you can it is great fun, but it does not notably alter dissatisfaction among younger priests and reach for d·esegregation without fearing re­ the reality." nuns, and growing difficulty in attracting taliation at the ballot box--though you may young people to the religious life; a.n apathy encounter it in the collection basket. By re­ PRIORITIES AND CATHOLIC EDUCATION among college students toward the tradi­ fusing to abandon the inner-cities as your Rather I would argue that an examination tional activities of their religion, and a con­ traditional clientele moves to the suburbs, of priorities is in order for Catholic educa­ sequent striking-out in harmful as well as you can serve an American society that has tion. American Catholic education has in a wholesome ways for new meanings that may not yet overcome the political fragmenta­ major way succeeded. It has transformed a or may not bear the formal ins1gnia of tion and economic myopia which make our predominantly immigrant class, poor and dis­ Catholicism. cities powerless to help themselves. Indeed, criminated against, into an affluent popula­ Such problems are perhaps more visible in you can seek new adventures of coopera:tion tion indistinguishable from its Protestant Catholicism, but they puzzle churchmen of with public sch()()ls, if you can locate school neighbors in any way except religious belief. every denomination, leading them to seek the leaders who are un.afraid to challenge some They have followed their Protestant fellow­ reason why. Is it because our young people of the unconstructive assumptions of tra­ citizens to the suburbs; they have bought crave comfort, and reject the discipline, the ditional cht11'ch-state separation. Leaders of power-mowers and a second car and backyard necessary sacrifice and self-denial of religious this ch.ar.acter are emerging in at least a few barbecues. belief? cities. In these circumstanes of social and eco- I would say not. I believe, on the contrary, May 13, 1.968 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 13073 that man y of the most able young people DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA HELICOP­ the proposed services would amount to "a of our time have come increasingly to reject TER SERVICE luxury for a relatively few users"-a cllen­ organized religion precisely because the tele so selective as not to warrant "financial churches in America-Protestant, Jewish, and assistance, regardless of the source of the Catholic-are such a thumping success. And assistance." if the Christian message in our time seems HON. J. J. PICKLE In regard to latter point, the government's increasingly to go unheard, if organized reli­ OF TEXAS coolness to such overtures in the past has gion seems to evoke as much cvnicism as en­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES generally been viewed as a desire to avoid thusiasm from those under 30, 1t m ay be be­ federal subsidies, which have assisted heli­ cause the churches-while preaching a denial Monday, May 13, 1968 copter programs in other cities. of worldliness-have too often embraced it, Mr. PICKLE. Mr. Speaker, it was with One of the major attractions of the cur­ have profited from it, have accepted "the keen disappointment that I learned last rent proposals, however, was a clear private America.n way of life" in its most superficial, obligation to absorb deficits initially re­ materialistic sense. week that an initial decision by the Civil quired-at no cost to the government. That I would wonder whether the current tur­ Aeronautics Board found that public being the case, the finding of the examiner moil and rejection of traditional religion convenience and necessity does not re­ makes no sense whatever. It ought to be among younger persons represents not a crav­ quire the authorization of scheduled reviewed and reversed. ing for a more comfortable way of life, but helicopter service in the Washington It may well be true that commuter 'cop­ rather disappointment over the apparent dis­ area. ters are not a major answer to the prob­ sipation of that brilliant vision of service In my opinion, there is a definite need lems of moving massive numbers of people. that religious commitment has traditionally In our own area, for example, they are offered. I would question whethe·r such or­ for such service from a comprehensive surely no substitute for an effective ganizations as the Peace Corps, Vista, and area transportation standpoint, and the system of ran transit. But what of that? Teacher Corps do not represent--for young initiaJ decision to defer certification of There is surely a role for this means of atheists, Jews, Christians, the uncommitted­ this service may well represent a step transportation-which will never be de­ that very appeal to selflessness that Chris­ backward instead of a step forward in fined unless someone looks for it. tianity once held out to those who prefer the solution of area transportation needs. worthwhile adventure to organized security. And I would ask, finally, whether preoccupa­ There can be no argument that there tion with success and the successful on the are pressing problems in ground conges­ part of Catholic education in the United tion at National Airport and certainly a CAMPUS COERCION States might not very well represent the scheduled helicopter service would have gravest threat to its continued health. served a.s an important function in shift­ If Catholic education is to reta:in its vitali­ HON. WILLIAM F. RYAN ing airline flights from National to Dulles OF NEW YORK ty, it must remember that its prime reason and Friendship. for being in the circumstances of our time IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES goes back much further than John Ireland Certification of a scheduled helicopter or John Carroll, further back than the service will do much to relieve congestion Monday, May 13, 1968 founding of the American Republic, further at National and at the same time make Mr. RYAN. Mr. Speaker, on May 9, I back than the Protestant Reformation, or more use of the ultramodern facilities at was one of 54 Members who opposed an Aquinas, Augustine, and the early Church Dulles. Fathers. amendment to the Higher Education Act Catholic education draws its basic reason I favor the helicopter link and have to bar students or employees who disobey for being not from the American situation, worked actively through the Transpor­ university regulations from receiving but from the basic Christian message: love tation and Aeronautics Subcommittee of Federal scholarship and loan funds. I God; love your neighbor. Whatever other the Commerce Committee with my chair­ also opposed a similar amendment re­ functions circumstances might give religious man, the Honorable SAM FRIEDEL, to help stricting National Science Foundation education at one time or another, In one tum this idea into proposals with def­ grants, when it was included in the inde­ country or another, Catholic education must inite shapes. pendent offices appropriation bill on be judged by Its success in exemplifying I am hopeful that the Washington­ May 8. human concern for other humans. And if Catholic schools and colleges raise up a new Baltimore helicopter service investiga­ The sertous objections to -these amend­ generation of young Americans with a firm tion will not wither and die on the vine ments are well stated in an editorial belief in God and a detailed knowledge of and that the Board will find occasion to from the New York Times of May 13, doctrine, they wm have realized only half review these preliminary determinations. entitled "Campus Coercion," which I of the opportunity that beckons them. They I note also that ·my feelings regard­ commend to my colleagues: will have failed to grasp the additional op­ ing the commuter helicopter service are [From the New York Times, May 13, 1968] portunity of reaching out to serve those also shared by the Washington Evening CAMPUS CoERCION members of our society who most need Star and I place the Star's Saturday help--those members, those neighbors, who The threat by the House to punish rebel­ are not necessarily Catholic. editorial "Commuter 'Copters" in my lious college students by cutting them off remarks at this point: from Federal loans and scholarships is a dan­ EDUCATING THE URBAN POOR COMMUTER 'COPTERS gerous excursion into political primitivism. In urging that Catholic educators take The disregard of campus democracy by ami­ upon themselves a part of the burden of There is no end of constructive speculation nority of disruptive and irresponsible stu­ educating the urban poor, I recognize that 1n the aviation trade about the logic of dents at Columbia and elsewhere in no way I advocate a course which-from the eco­ hellcopter use in the urban transportation justifies such Congressional vendettas in di­ nomic standpoint--is dubious. But if our dilemma-especially in terms of the mount­ rect conflict with democratic freedoms. Cam­ churches ever test their efforts against the ing human congestion at metropolltan air­ pus stability must be safeguarded by sound single standard of fiscal prudence, they will ports. reforms on the part of the academic com­ work themselves out of existence. We have Some months ago, moreover, the Civil munity and by enforcement of its own dem­ plenty of banks in America, and together Aeronautics Board received applications for ocratic rules, not by governmental threats of with the Bureau of the Budget in Wash­ scheduled hellcopter service in the Wash­ fiscal sanctions. ington they provide all the fiscal prudence ington area from no less than five aspir­ It is deeply disturbing that so many poli­ we need-perhaps more. ing operators. One pitch was from a con­ ticians appear to think of Federal subsidy Christianity is supposed to offer some­ sortium of 10 major airlines, requesting per­ of students as an indulgent uncle's bene­ thing more. "Let us be fools for Christ's mission to provide at least 24 round trips faction. In reality, the extension of educa­ sake," said St. Paul. This was the kind of daily linking National, Dulles and Friend­ tional opportunities is at least as vital to statement that the Reverend Martin Luther ship Airports-and eventually downtown the future health of the nation as it is to the King understood, and-by rejecting an easy Washington-at fares which did . not sound personal careers of individual students. But, exorbitant. The proposition struck us at more important, to turn Federal stipends prudence and espousing a life of uncon­ the time as an extremely welcome display taminated idealism-he built a majestic into a device to regulate student views and of airllne initiative. The concept, moreover, dream. behavior is to stoop to methods generally He is gone, and both the American reality has won favor with the Department of associated with totalitarian states. Such ac­ and the American dream are poorer in con­ Transportation. tion can only give support to those extrem­ sequence. We badly need high-minded vi­ So what happens? After due considera­ ists among today's students who charge that sionaries who can help the poorest of our tion, CAB Examiner William J. Madden has the campus is doing the mercenary bidding children see a new dream and fashion a concluded that there is no present need for of a repressive establishment. better reality. For our Nation's sake, Catholic such services in the Washington area, and Federal interference with higher education education must join the rest of education to therefore has rejected the appeals. is an intolerable violation of academic free­ give them a new horizon. Among other things, in Madden's view, dom. To permit such intrusions would under-

\ . 13074 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 13, 1968 mine the nation's security far more severely the 82nd Airborne where his father had MARY LYNN DONOHUE: AN OUT­ than the disruptive insurrection of irrespon­ served from 1942 to 1951. Mr. Bullard retired STANDING YOUNG AMERICAN sible youths. in 1964 as a master sergeant after 23 years in the Army. HEAT AND RAIN HON. WILLIAM A. STEIGER Mrs. Bullard said she had received a letter OF WISCONSIN THREE MARYLANDERS KILLED IN from her son a week ago apologizing for not IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES VIETNAM having written in the last month because he had been on four fire missions. He wrote Monday, May 13, 1968 that the rain was heavy and said he did not know which was worse, the heat or the mon­ Mr. STEIGER of Wisconsin. Mr. HON. CLARENCE ·D. LONG soon. Speaker, on Thursday, May 9, 1968, Mary OF MARYLAND Lieutenant Bullard planned to make a Lynn Donohue, of Sheboygan, Wis., was IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES career in the Army and had extended his tour presented with the Young American in Vietnam for another six months. Medal for Service for 1966 by President Monday, May 13, 1968 His mother said he felt he was doing some­ Johnson at a White House ceremony. Mr. LONG of Maryland. Mr. Speaker, thing that was necessary, but felt sorry for It was my privilege to attend this Spec. 4 Gary E. Canapp, 1st Lt. Karl L. the Vietnamese people. Besides his parents, Lieutenant Bullard is ceremony and to watch as President Bullard, and 1st Lt. Donald J. Mattaro, survived by a brother, David, of Baltimore, Johnson commended Mary Lynn and the three fine young men from Maryland, and a sister, Mrs. Barbara Soliday, of Miami, two other Young American Medal recip­ were killed recently in Vietnam. I wish Fla. ients and pinned on the symbol of their to commend their bravery and honor UNDER HEAVY FIRE service. their memories by including the follow­ Lieutenant Mattaro, who had been in Viet­ Mary Lynn received the award in rec­ ing article in the RECORD : nam since July, 1967, planned to be married ognition of her leadership and service to THREE MARYLANDERS DIE IN VIET WAR­ August 30, his father said. A member of the her community, State, and Nation. Her SOLDIERS CAME J;i'ROM CITY, CHURCHVILLE, 1st Cavalry Division, he was killed by a mor­ accomplishments are many, and as Presi­ LANGLEY PARK tar shell under heavy fire Wednesday. dent Johnson pointed out: Three soldiers from Maryland, including a You are a credit to your generation and an 19-year-old Baltimore youth, were killed in inspiration to your President and to your Vietnam, the Defense Department announced country. yesterday. DISORDER IN THE HOUSE They are: I am proud of Mary Lynn for herded­ Spec. 4 Gary E. Canapp, 19, son of Mr. and icated service to others and want to Mrs. Robert E. Canapp, 5110 Kenwood HON. BENJAMIN S. ROSENTHAL call to the attention of the House this Avenue. OF NEW YORK young woman's record of accomplish­ 1st Lt. Karl L. Bullard, 20, son of Mr. and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ments. Mrs. Ralph G. Bullard, Carson's Run Road, Monday, May 13, 1968 I include as a part of my remarks, Churchville. · Mr. Speaker, two articles from .the She­ 1st Lt. Donald J. Mattaro, Jr., 23, son of Mr. ROSENTHAL. Mr. Speaker, it is boygan Press on Mary Lynn Donohue: Mr. and Mrs. Donald J. Mattaro, Sr., of 1710 unfortunate when the legislative process Merrimac Drive, L~gleY, Park. PRESIDENT PAYS TRIBUTE TO MARY LYNN becomes closely tied to the morning's DONOHUE LESS THAN 3 WEEKS headlines that actions are taken in haste WASHINGTON, D.C.-Smi11ng sweetly and Specialist Canapp had been in Vietnam and with insufficient deliberation. humbly saying, "Thank you, Mr. President," a 11 ttle less than three weeks when he was I fear that the House fell into that Mary Lynn Donohue of Sheboygan was pre­ killed in a foxhole Tuesday by small arms tempting, but dangerous trap, last week sented with one of three Young American fire, his father said yesterday. Medals by President Lyndon B. Johnson A member of the 173d Airborne, Specialist when it expressed its indignation at stu­ dent riots by acting with an abandon Thursday. Canapp enlisted in the Army in September, Presentation of the medals, for bravery 1967. He had been graduated from Oakley appropriate to a student, but not a leg­ and public service, gave Mr. Johnson, in his High School last June. islative body. This is another ill-con­ own words, "a chance to honor courage on Mr. Canapp said his son wrote that Viet­ ceived retaliation to events from which the homefront instead of the battlefield." nam was a "beautiful place" and that he was cooler heads must save us. "You are a credit to your generation and fighting in a different area every day. He The New York Post showed a better an inspiration to your President and to your said his son planned to reenlist in the Army country," he told the trio. and go back to Vietnam. perspective when it commented on the House's action in this editorial: Besides Miss Donohue, 18, leader of sev­ LEFT ON EASTER eral volunteer youth programs in Sheboygan DISORDER IN THE HOUSE The youth trained at Forts Bragg, Gordon the recipients were Willlam G. Glynn III, and Bennett before being sent overseas. He Incensed by turbulent disorders and dem­ 16, of Westbury, N.Y., who rescued a man left Baltimore for Vietnam on Easter. onstrations at Columbia and elsewhere, a from the Atlantic Ocean in a two-hour battle Besides his parents, Specialist Canapp is throng of legislative sit-ins has run riot against high seas, and Cannalita Capllla, 19, survived by four brothers, Robert E. Canapp in the House of Representatives--haranguing of Kailua, Oahu, Hawaii, who worked as a Jr., Roy, Craig and Keith Canapp; four sis­ at length, flinging law into the air and finally volunteer every day she was not in school in ters, Mrs. Patricia Engle, Phyllis, Nancy and voting to deny federal aid of any kind to 1966 to aid the mentally ill at Hawaii State Cindy Canapp; his paternal grandparents, college students or faculty who participate in Hospital. Mr. and Mrs. Sherman Canapp, and his riots or disruption. The daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Gene Dono­ maternal grandparents, Mr. and Mrs. William The Washington demonstration was at hue, 2215 N. 4th St., Mary Lynn is a 1967 Kurtz, all of Baltimore. least as sophomoric as anything it crudely graduate of North High School and fonner intended to control. The law could not be president of the Sheboygan Association of DIED IN SAIGON enforced. It could not be reconciled with the Youth. Lieutenant Bullard died Monday in a Sai­ principle of academic freedom to manage She directed more than 1,000 area youths gon hospital of wounds received in action, internal affairs. The House bill is, in fact, the in fund-raising projects for the USO, March his mother said. A patrol leader in the 503d kind of threat of federal interference with of Dimes and Muscular Dystrophy, and also Airborne, he had been in Vietnam since education which Congressional conserva­ hosted a Christmas party for 60 children in October. tives--doubtless including many who sup­ the Head Start program. A graduate of Bel Air Junior High School, ported this bill-never tire of invoking when Now a freshman at Lawrence University Lieutenant Bullard went to high school in education-aid bills are debated. in Appleton, she is the second Sheboygan Florida. He enlisted in the Army in April, The House bill is even more extreme than resident to receive the Young Amertcan 1966, after attending Dade Junior College in Medal in four years. In 1964, Jean DeMaster, Florida. the similarly hysterical measure approved by the New York State Senate this week, which daughter of Mr. and Mrs. John DeMaster, 707 Mrs. Bullard said her son received his basic Mayflower Ave., won the coveted award. training at Fort Benning and then was sent would bar state aid to students convicted of Thursday's awards ceremony, in the Cabi­ to Officers Candidate School. He went to crime--even "unlawful assembly"-on cam­ net room of the White House, was attended Panama for jungle training and then to pus. Assembly Speaker Travia (D-Brooklyn), by Atty. Gen. Ramsey Clark, Solicitor Gen­ Fort Bragg, where the 503d, a new outfit, was to his credit, "completely disapproves" of the eral Dean Griswold and FBI Director J. Edgar being formed. bill. We hope leaders of the U. S. Senate w111 Hoover. Lieutenant Bullard had wanted to go into take the same view of the House version. Miss Donohue's parents were also present to May 13, 1968 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 13075 .hear Mr. Johnson comment on the ferment my mother had to walk to the stairs 20 times REMEMBER THE "PUEBLO"? <>f youth. and scream above the music convinced her "Some of it is foolish, some self destruc­ that I should have a phone in my room." tive, but most of it represents power for good, One of the strongest influences in Mary's HON. JOHN R. RARICK -power for constructive change. life is the recent pastor of St. Clement's OF LOUISIANA "I think most of it is brave and selfless,'' Catholic Church in Sheboygan, Father Ken­ the President observed. neth Fieber, who is now serving in Wa;ter­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Miss Donohue, President Johnson and the ford. Monday, May 13, 1968 -other participants in the ceremony all wore SPECIAL FRIEND leis, gifts from Miss Papilla, who gave Mr. "A lot of kids don't have any adult Mr. RARICK. Mr. Speaker, in a state­ .Johnson a traditional Hawaiian kiss when friends-! feel I'm very lucky to have two or ment to the House in the Extensions of she placed the necklace of flowers about his three,'' Mary stated. Among these two or Remarks of the CoNGRESSIONAL RECORD of neck. three, Father Fieber is special; he has stirred March 11, 1968, I commented at length her sympathy and warmth for all sorts and on "The Pueblo Incident: Pattern for MARY LYNN TELLS STORY BEHIND YOUNG conditions of men. More?" asking some very pointed ques­ AMERICAN MEDAL Actively concerned with civil rights, "(By Marguerite Schumann, of Lawrence Father Fieber arranged for some of the youth tions that so far have not been answered University) of his parish to visit at St. Boniface in in satisfactory manner, emphasizing that Mary Lynn Donohue, whose gay blue eyes Milwaukee, with which Father Groppi is the responsibility for this ignominious -and gift for persuasion are logical equip- associated. affair must lie in Washington, and call­ -ment for anyone with an Irish surnaxne, is "I lived in Milwaukee's Inner Core for four ing for an inquiry by the Congress to .as all-American as Sheboygan, her home­ days during the visit," Mary remembers, place such responsibility . town. "and it was a great experience for me. I wish Instead of the necessary investigation Thursday, she, along with a boy from New now I had been more mature and that I by the Congress, the incident seems to York and a girl from Hawaii, demonstrated could have done it for a longer period. I was they were all-American in a special way; probably a sophomore in high school before have been ignored, obscured in deluges they were presented with Young American I had met a Negro or shaken a Negro's hand." of prop-aganda about far less conse­ medals by the President of the United States. "When I visited in Milwaukee, a girl pass­ quential issues, and now almost forgot­ The boy from Westbury, N.Y., received a ing in a car yelled "Nigger-lover' at me, and ten. This is certainly not the way in medal for bravery for saving a man from it shocked me. I felt badly for the two kids which our country became great and -drowning off Fire Island; the girl from standing next to me; if the girl had hollered powerful, but the road to disaster-no Hawaii received a service medal for work 'White-lover' at them I would have been really road to peace, but one to surrender and with mental patients; and Mary, who is now hurt." She added. "I met some great kids a freshman at Lawrence University received a in Milwaukee." defeat. service medal for her work as president of the The same visit was "the first time I'd ever The latest thoughtful contribution to Sheboygan Association of Youth (SAY). seen poverty. In Sheybogan there's no pov­ the literature on the Pueblo incident is "The Sheboygan Association of Youth is erty at all. It's a necessary experience for a an article by Maj. Gen. Thomas A. Lane, .a three-year old city-wide organization of teenager to see poverty; so many people go U.S. Army, retired, published in the .more than 1,000 members who feel a more through there lives in a Iniddle-class dream May 18, 1968, issue of Human Events. In .positive image of what youth are really like world." FOR EQUALITY this, General Lane shows how the cap­ must be put before the coxnmunity," Mary ture of the Pueblo exposed the timid .says. "Through charity drives and service Mary is dedicated to the cause of human projects that SAY sponsors, youth not only rights. "People aren't willing to realize that quality of our leadership. :help the city, but also help project a sincere something has got to happen in the field,'' As the indicated article merits a far image of themselves. The adults of Sheboy­ sh·e states earnestly. "So many of them say, wider circulation, I insert it as part of gan have discovered that SAY is perhaps one "Oh, I'm for equality, but not next door to my remarks, as follows: of the best ways to communicate with teen­ me. It's very difficult for me to cope with [From Human Events, May 18, 1968) agers because it is the only organized 'voice people like that." ,of youth' in Sheboygan except for church Since enrolling at Lawrence, Mary has tem­ DOES ANYONE REMEMBER THE "PUEBLO"? youth groups." porarily retired from the role of organization (By Gen. Thomas A. Lane) DIRECTED PARTICIPATION woman. "I've about had my fill of charitable Is it idle in the climate of our time to cry organizations for a while. This year it has As president of SAY, Mary directed teen­ "Remember the Pueblo!"? Our leaders don•t -participation in fund raising projects for been nice not to be involved in every thing want to remember the Pueblo. They hope and do some studying for a change," she that in the turmoil of peace talks, of na­ mental health, People to People, the USO, comments. March of Dimes and other causes. She also tional elections, of baseball season and of She has, however, been an announcer for summer vacations, the people will forget the recruited volunteers for Head Start pro­ WLFM, the Lawrence University radio station, ·grams and was treasurer and a member of the men who offered their lives to protect the doing three news shows and a two-hour pro­ people. Alas, there was a time when an steering committee of the Sheboygan Human gram of classical music each week. Rights Association. American government which subxnitted to "The largest single sum we raised for a "I'm always setting up self-improvement piracy would have been instantly repudi­ projects, and I decided it was time I acquired ated by the American people. project was $300 for the USO," Mary re­ an appreciation of classical music. After a called. "It was the first time I had ever You don't have to catalogue the failures planned a dance in my life, and I was really couple of months at WLFM, I can at least of U.S. leadership in recent years to judge worried. I never realized there was so much listen to it without wanting to turn it off." its character. That character is transparent Most winners modestly profess to be sur­ in the Pueblo case. It is the same character­ ·work involved in giving a dance!" But the prised when honors come their way, but in -project that gave her the most personal sat­ Mary's case her surprise last March was hon­ or lack of character-which has mired this isfaction was a Christmas party for the Head est. She had forgotten all about the nomina­ country in no-win war abroad and raging -Start children. tion. "It was so long ago--about a year-that insurrection at home. "The greatest experience for me as presi­ it really had left my mind." Pipsqueak North Korea seized the U.S.S. dent of SAY was being exposed to the adult Mary's nomination for the Young American Pueblo on the high seas off Wonsan harbor. -community," Mary continued. "I went to It was reported at the time that the Pueblo PTA and city counsel meetings; I met alder­ medal came about through her journalism teacher at Sheboygan North High, Miss Fern had orders to surrender. The ship was not men and other civic leaders, and I learned armed for self-defense. It was not escorted how adult charitable organizations work." Salisbury, who received an application form from a governor's commission in Madison. by protecting vessels. Thus, the employment TREATED AS EQUAL The form was duly filled out and a sheaf of of the Pueblo was an example of the in­ "So many times I would go to meetings and newspaper clippings attached. A short time competence which U.S. leadership has con­ T would be 'the Youth' present and then they later Mary was called to Madison and given sistently demonstrated in recent years. would ask me 'How does youth feel about a pin testifying to the fact that she was Wis­ It is prudent for U.S. leaders to assume this?' While it was hardly instant under­ consin's nominee for the honor. Then came that their secret operational orders are standing, still they dealt with me as am one year of silence. known to the enemy. When Secretary Mc­ -equal." When she was reminded that the honor in­ Namara posted our spy ships close to enemy Another great benefit, in Mary's opinion, cluded an invitation to the White House and waters under orders not to resist seizure, he was learning how to plan and organize. "I that the President would actually present was inviting the enemy to seize the ships. like to think that I can now pick up an idea the medal, she grinned and said, "I'll prob­ Capture of the electronic gear would be of for a project, give it some life and make it ably fall up the stairs-I'm always doing great value to the Soviet Union. go," she says. things like that." Exposing the tixnid quality of U.S. leader­ Still a third party by-product of community But she was a poised, humble honoree un­ ship would exalt Soviet prestige in the service on the teen-level was that "I got my der Washington TV cameras. The Mary Lynn world. Soviet daring would influence the own telephone extension," Mary reports Donohues don't stumble when it's important, wavering neutrals to admit the inevitability happily. "I used to study in my room upstairs whether it's accepting a medal from the Pres­ of Soviet triumph in the war for the world. with the phonograph blaring, and the night ident or getting a project off the ground. And all this could be accomplished without 13076 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 13, 1968 risk because the orders to the spy ships were WHY RIDGEWOOD IS TOP 10 SCHOOL their children shall be given the oppor­ known to Soviet intelligence. tunity that many of their forefathers The United States has responded to the had been denied. Pueblo seizure with diplomatic protest. But HON. ROMAN C. PUCINSKI In the Norridge-Harwood Heights area diplomatic protest is ineffectual because our OF ILLINOIS we find the real heart of America and the leaders have reduced it to a process of beg­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ging. When the opponent knows that the spirit which has made this Nation the United States will not invoke sanctions to Monday, May 13, 1968 hope of the entire world. support its position, he can be contemptuous The Daily News article follows: of our words. Diplomacy becomes a sham to Mr. PUCINSKI. Mr. Speaker, the Chi­ cago Daily News recently carried an ex­ SPACE-AGE EDUCATION: WHY RIDGEWOOD IS deceive and pacify the American people. TOP 10 SCHOOL Panmunjom is the scene of U.S. mortifica­ cellent article about one of the most tion. The North Koreans are arrogant, de­ exciting high schools in my entire con­ (By Robert J. Herguth) fiant, insulting. Why does the United States gressional district, and I would like to Why does Norridge, Ill., have one of the submit to such calculated humiliation? call this article to the attention of my 10 top high schools in the nation? Does the man in the White House practice No one was surprised when the experts put colleagues. two often-honored North Shore high this national self-abasement to show that he This article describes why the Ridge­ is a man of peace? schools-Evanston and New Trier--<:>n the North Korean piracy is not the subject of wood High School in Norridge, Ill., which Top Ten list, published in the current Ladies discussion. Why, they demand, did the is in my ..::ongressional district and also Home Journal. United States violate North Korean waters serves Harwood Heights, Ill., today rares But the list also included Ridgewood High to spy on an innocent and peace-loving among the 10 top high schools in the in Norridge. country? What ransom will the United States Nation. From the Loop, Norridge is a fast ride out pay for the return of ship and crew? The the Kennedy Expressway, then south on As chairman of the Subcommittee on Harlem Av. It's a 20-year-old village of 18,000 United states must confess its guilt, beg for­ General Education here in Congress, I giveness and promise to mend its ways. The that's crammed belatedly among a lot o! President betrays our national honor by forc­ am tremendously proud that a high other things. ing our ambassadors to submit to such school in my congressional district should There are new brick bungalows and light­ insult. be among the top 10 in the Nation. manufacturing buildings on its side streets. Our leaders are paralyzed by a mortal fear But more important, Mr. Speaker, I Many dads in Norridge make time-and-a­ of confrontation with the Soviet Union. They am proud oi the citizens of Norridge and half. will not invoke against North Viet Nam the Harwood Heights, Ill., who demand the Turn west off Harlem and there's Ridge­ sanctions authorized by international law wood High at 7500 W. Montrose, a 7~-year­ very best in education for their students old, rambling glassy school on a grassy because they don't · dare. They will not bow and have had the foresight to attract a to the demands of North Korea because the campus. American people would not tolerate such superintendent-principal and then give In the office of young SCott Richardson, open surrender. So they do what politicians him the support he needs to give their Ridgewood's superintendent-principal, you always do in crisis-nothing. children the finest education that the begin getting clues to Ridgewood's excellence. Our leaders are lost in a maze of false state of the art can produce. "Back in 1958, this little piece o! territory premises. They fear that vigorous retribution Superintendent-Principal Scott Rich­ didn't amount to much when it came to in the Pueblo case would jeopardize nego­ ardson has brought to Ridgewood a whole population. There were no high schools," tiations in Viet Nam. In reality, forthright Richardson says. constellation of exciting ideas which to­ "Then a high school district was formed action to recover the Pueblo and its crew day are receiving nationwide recognition. would hasten settlement in Viet Nam by and the notion evolved among the residents showing the enemy that the United States I have watched Ridgewood High de­ that it ought to reflect the modern trends has no intention of surrendering there. Tol­ velop from its infancy in 1958 and am in education." eration of the Pueblo aggression encourages proud of that fact that during the early About the same time, J. Lloyd Trump, one the enemy to persevere in the war in Viet years when there were many who ques­ of the patron saints of space-age education, Nam. He gains confidence that the United was at the University of Illinois. He was pro­ tioned some of Mr. Richardson's ideas, posing educational advancements now widely States will capitulate there as it did in the community supported him and gave Korea. known as the Trump Plan. him a chance to prove that the methods The Trump Plan includes teaching stu­ The Soviet strategists are apparently cor­ he was introducing would ultimately pay dents in large groups o! perhaps 150, in rect in their assessment of U.S. leadership. off in the space age. labs, in seminars of 14 to 18 and by inde­ Men who acquiesce abjectly in the seizure pendent study and research. of the U.S.S. Pueblo simply lack the char­ The Daily News article points out that more than 50 percent of Ridgewood's It offers "team-teaching" with several spe­ acter to represent the United States effec­ cialist-instructors, some with different ex­ tively in Viet Nam or anywhere else. graduates go on to some kind of advanced perUses, coming in on the same course at training. This in itself is a monument various times during the school year. [From the Washington (D.C.) Post, May 9, to the good judgement of the people of Ridgewood decided to operate on a modi­ 1968] Norridge and Harwood Heights, who fled Trump Plan and Richardson feels that UNITED STATES, KOREANS MEET AGAIN ON have proven again their deep devotion to things have gone swimmingly. "PUEBLO" CREW their oommunity. Ridgewood, above all, aiins at getting stu­ United States and North Korea repre­ The Norridge-Harwood Heights area dents "involved" and interested in their own sentatives held their 16th bilateral meeting in Dlinois constitutes only a small seg­ education. It makes extensive use of all mod­ at Panmunjon Tuesday night, Korean time, ern teaching aids such as film, tapes, records, to discuss the American request that North ment of my huge congressional district, slides and student discussion, but its basic Korea release the Pueblo and its crew. but I invite school Superintendent Red­ organizational unit is the teaching team. Robert J. McCloskey, State Department mond and all the principals of Chicago "There are anywhere from two to eight press officer, said that the meeting was public high schools in my district to visit teachers on a team," he said. "One team "fairly brief," lasting for about 30 minutes. the Ridgewood High School and then see may deal with youngsters who have difficulty in math and science. The foreign-language In response to questions, he said he ex­ whether or not we can produce for their team includes all the language teachers, pects further meetings, but he declined to own high school youngsters the high and they work at the problem of language in­ say whether any progress had been achieved level of education and opportunity now Tuesday. struction. We can revamp the teams at any being afforded the young people of Nor­ time, which gives us considerable flexibility." ridge and Harwood Heights, Ill. Another flexible item at Ridgewood is the I congratulate the Norridge and Har­ class period. Its basic unit is the 20-minute THE "PUEBLO": HOW LONG, MR. "module." PRESIDENT? wood Heights officials and the school "A chemistry lab is operated during four board for its confidence in its young modules in sequence," said Richardson. people and the property owners who are "Seminars are generally two modules long. HON. WILLIAM J. SCHERLE willing to make the financial sacrifice "But in languages, we have used one OF IOWA to give their community one of the 10 module--because that's just about enough IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES best high schools in the United States. time for beginning students to converse with­ To say that I am proud of these people out running out of words they know." Monday, May 13, 1968 Every 20 minutes, somewhere in Ridge­ is to put it mildly, for indeed, in these wood, students are moving around to another Mr. SCHERLE. Mr. Speaker, this is days of high government cost, it is not class or to some free time. Free time at the 112th day the U.S.S. Pueblo and her easy to find citizens who are willing to Ridgewood is considered a great force for crew have been in North Korean hands. make a supreme sacrifice in order that good. Up to 35 per cent of a student's school May 14, 1968 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 13077 day is free time-for independent study or lor's degree with no experience) and is young Accordingly, Mr. Speaker, I place the discussions. and enthusiastic. statement of Governor Terry in the Remember the school library? It's called More than 50 per cent of Ridgewood's RECORD as part of my remarks: the Instructional Materials Center at Ridge­ grads go on to some kind of advance train­ wood, and it's a fine blend of book, tapes, ing. That's up from about 30 per cent in the STATEMENT BY GOV. CHARLES L. TERRY, JR., LPs, slides and film-for individual use by a first graduating classes. SMALL BUSINESS WEEK, MAY 12-18, 1968 student who wants enlargement of learning, All these could be reasons that the experts Small businesses are a vital force in our extra impact or repetition. picked Ridgewood as one of the top 10 U.S. free society, preserving competition and offer- Students have electives among their high schools. ing the consumer a wide choice of goods and courses. And teachers try to build a stu­ services. dent's education on his strong points, not Small businesses can be counted upon to his weaknesses. SMALL BUSINESS WEEK furnish much of the imagination and leader­ Each Ridgewood student still must absorb ship needed to bring forth new ideas, new a basic package of knowledge before gradu­ methods and new products vital to our na­ ation. As Richardson explains: "We feel by HON. WILLIAM V. ROTH, JR. tion's progress and economic growth. its nature, there's a unity in knowledge. OF DELAWARE Small businesses represent a broad source "In the long run, we're trying to provide of diversified employment, providing men as many options as we can for students to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and women of all races and creeds with job become independent learners. Most of their Monday, May 13, 1968 opportunities or an independent livelihood. learning in later life will be independent of Small businessmen, as civic leaders, con­ a coercive structure." Mr. ROTH. Mr. Speaker, the Governor tinue to play an important role in com­ Do Ridgewood's 1,465 students prefer an of Delaware, the Honorable Charles L. muity-wide programs to eliminate poverty; independence that makes THEM partly re­ Terry, Jr., has designated this week, May Accordingly, it is a pleasure as Governor sponsible for enlarging their education? 12 through 18, as "Small Business Week" of Delaware, to designate the week beginning Apparently, most do. in Delaware, conforming with National May 12, 1968, as "Small Business Week" Sophomore Bob Zaleski, 16, said, "I think Small Business Week. within our State and to call upon Chambers I like it better. It puts you more in a mood of Commerce, boards of trade, and other pub­ to study. Here, you want to work." I am happy to echo the Governor's lic and private organizations to participate Ridgewood has a pupil-teacher ratio of less statement praising the contributions of in ceremonies recognizing the contribution than 19 to 1, which puts it in the middle Delaware small business men and women made by the small businesses of this State to range of most Chicago suburban schools. Its to the cause of prosperity and oppor­ our goal of a better and more productive life teaching staff starts at $7,600 a year (bache- tunity for all our people. for all our people.

HOUSE OF REPREISENTATIVE:S-Tuesday, May 14, 1968 The House met at 12 o'clock noon. The SPEAKER. Is there objection to ties; and he was a former chairman of Pastor David A. Swanson, Trinity the request of the gentleman from the Americanism Committee of the Dis­ Evangelical Lutheran Church, Wyan­ New York? abled American Veterans. danch, N.Y., offered the following prayer: There was no objection. Mrs. Addabbo joins me in extending Great God, we call this solemn assem­ Mr. ADDABBO. Mr. Speaker, it is my our sympathy and prayers to Gary's de­ bly to session not necessarily in Your sad duty to announce to the House the voted wife, Ruth, and to their nine chil­ name, but it is in Your world; something death of my dear and close friend and dren, Gary E., Stephen C., Michael A., hard for us to admit, and a world hard neighbor, L. Gary Clemente at the age of John P., Peter J., Christina A., Catherine for You to recognize. We ask that we 59. Gary served with distinction in this M., Barbara C., and Patricia Ruth, and to might have the intestinal fortitude not House from 1949 through 1952 and was a all members of the Clemente family. to be bent over by the pressure of in­ proud member of the Committee on A mass for Mr. Clemente will be of­ human vested interest; that we might Armed Services. He is still remembered fered at 10:30 a.m. Friday, May 17, at have the backbone to stand straight for by those who served with him for his Immaculate Conception Roman Catholic honest justice; that You pull the plugs great diligence, wit, and, in his relaxing Church in Jamaica, N.Y. out of our ears that we might hear the moments, his harmonious singing voice. Mr. ALBERT. Mr. Speaker, will the cries of Your people from the streets of He was a close friend and associate of gentleman yield? our constituencies, from the nations of our late beloved House Member and Pres­ Mr. ADDABBO. I yield to the distin­ Your world; and finally that we may gov­ ident of the United States, John F. Ken­ guished majority leader. ern as instruments of solutions, not as nedy. I am proud to now represent a part Mr. ALBERT. :Mr. Speaker, I join our of the district he represented and to instruments of problems. For God's sake. colleague, the gentleman from New York, Amen. come from Ozone Park where he was in this expression of sorrow over the born. death of a fine former colleague, Gary Mr. Clemente, prior to his House serv­ Clemente. THE JOURNAL ice, served on the New York City Council Mr. Clemente served in the House with The Journal of the proceedings of yes­ from 1945 through 1948. distinction. I knew him as a good friend, terday was read and approved. Gary was a graduate of the George­ a fine legislator, and outstanding public town University School of Law and prac­ servant. ticed law in New York City and Wash­ I join the gentleman in extending sym­ MESSAGE FROM THE SENATE ington before World War II. He was com­ pathy to Mrs. Clemente and the children. A message from the Senate by Mr. Ar­ missioned a second lieutenant in 1940, Mr. ROSENTHAL. Mr. Speaker, will rington, one of its clerks, announced that served in Army Intelligence and as an the gentleman yield? the Senate had passed with amendments Army judge advocate, rising to the rank Mr. ADDABBO. I yield to my colleague in which the concurrence of the House of colonel. Following his House service, from New York [Mr. RosENTHAL]. is requested, a bill of the House of the he was a partner in the law firm of Mr. ROSENTHAL. I thank the following title: Mannin, Hollinger & Shea. gentleman. Our former colleague had interests in H.R. 16409. An act to amend the District Mr. Speaker, it is with a heavy heart of Columbia Teachers' Salary Act of 1955 many lines of endeavor, industry, re­ that I received the news of the death of to provide salary increases for teachers and ligious, civic, and fraternal. He was a di­ the Honorable Louis Gary Clemente, of school officers in the District of Columbia rector of Mary Immaculate Hospital New York, who served in the Congress public schools, and for other purposes. where he died; he had been a director of the United States for a period of 4 of the Angel Guardian Home of Brooklyn years--from 1949 to 1953. and the New York World's Fair Corp., This distinguished New Yorker, and THE LATE HONORABLE LOUIS 1964-65; he was on the boards of the Fed­ Long Islander, served his country, his GARY CLEMENTE eration Bank & Trust Co., the Queensboro State, and his community in many and Mr. ADDABBO. Mr. Speaker, I ask Council for Social Welfare, the Queens varied capacities. He was born in New unanimous consent to address the House Council of the Boy Scouts; he was a York and received his basic education for 1 minute and to revise and extend my founder and past president of the Fer­ there. He was an ambitious and ener­ remarks. rini Welfare League of Catholic Chari- getic young man, and attended law