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PAUL DE GRAUWE (Uccle, Bélgica 1946)

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PAUL DE GRAUWE (Uccle, Bélgica 1946) PAUL DE GRAUWE (Uccle, Bélgica 1946) Breve reseña curricular. Doctor por la Johns Hopkins University, 1974 Catedrático de Economía Internacional, Katholieke Universiteit of Leuven (Bélgica), 1975-2012. Catedrático de Economía Política Europea en la London School of Economics desde 2012. Ostenta la Cátedra John Paulson en Economía Política Europea del Instituto Europeo. Doctor Honoris Causa de las universidades de Sankt Gallen (Suiza), Turku (Finlandia), Génova (Italia), Valencia y Maastricht (Holanda). Profesor visitante de numerosas universidades: Universidad de Paris, Universidad de Michigan, Universidad de Pensilvania, Universidad Humboldt de Berlín, Universidad Libre de Bruselas, Universidad Católica de Lovaina, Universidad de Amsterdam, Universidad de Milán, Universidad de Tilburg, Universidad de Kiel. Investigador Visitante del FMI, el Consejo de Gobernadores de la Reserva Federal, el Banco de Japón y el Banco Central Europeo. Miembro del Grupo de Análisis de Política Económica que asesoró al Presidente Barroso. Director del grupo de investigación en Macroeconomía y finanzas internacionales de CESifo de la Universidad de Munich. Investigador del Centro de Estudios Europeos de Política Económica de Bruselas, y del CEPR de Londres. Senador (1991-1995, 1999-2003) y Parlamentario (1995-1999) de las Cámaras de Bélgica por el partido de los Liberales y Demócratas Flamencos. Premio Arkprijs van Vrije Woord (Premio Arca de Discurso Libre) Pertenece, desde 2004, a la Real Academia Flamenca de Ciencias y Artes de Bélgica. Algunas publicaciones 9 libros, de los que cabe destacar: 1. Paul De Grauwe & Jacques Mélitz (ed.), 2005. "Prospects for Monetary Unions after the Euro," MIT Press Books, The MIT Press, edition 1, volume 1, number 0262042304, January. 2. De Grauwe, Paul, 2017. "The Limits of the Market: The Pendulum Between Government and Market," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, number 9780198784289. 3. De Grauwe, Paul, 2016. "Economics of Monetary Union," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, edition 11, number 9780199684441. El libro “Economics of Monetary Union”, del que ya se han hecho once ediciones, ha sido traducido a diez lenguas. 9 capítulos de libro en editoriales de gran difusión y prestigio internacional. 96 artículos en revistas especializadas de alto impacto internacional, como The Review of Economics and Statistics, Journal of Political Economy, Journal of International Economics, European Economic Review, Journalof Monetary Economics, Journal of International Money and Finance, Cato Journal, The World Economy, Journal of Common Market Studies. El profesor De Grauwe ha escrito numerosos artículos de difusión en los principales periódicos de información económica y de la prensa general europeos, y es columnista habitual del Financial Times sobre asuntos de economía internacional y, en particular de economía europea. Para el profesor De Grauwe, los modelos que manejan los economistas no deben valorarse solamente por su complejidad y/o rigor matemático, sino sobre todo por su capacidad para resolver problemas sociales, reducir la desigualdad y mejorar el bienestar de la población. Motivación: conveniencia y oportunidad del nombramiento. La mayoría de expertos y analistas de la economía europea atribuyen al Banco Central Europeo un papel crucial en la salvación del euro durante los años de la crisis financiera. Los países de la periferia de la UEM, entre ellos España, son los que más se han beneficiado de las declaraciones de Mario Draghi y de las medidas no convencionales que el BCE adoptó para fortalecer el euro y, por ende, para disminuir drásticamente las primas de riesgo. Los expertos en finanzas internacionales, y en particular Martín Wolf, economista editor del Financial Times conceden a Paul De Grauwe la paternidad de la nueva estrategia que el BCE adoptó en 2012 para salvar el euro y resolver la crisis de la deuda soberana en los países periféricos, concretamente las medidas de expansión cuantitativa y de compra de deuda pública y privada.. El valor económico de estos resultados es incalculable y, solo por eso, España, como país beneficiado, tiene sobradas razones para presentar el debido reconocimiento académico al profesor De Grauwe. En su artículo “El Euro y la crisis financiera” publicado en el Financial Times el 20 de febrero de 1998, el profesor De Grauwe predijo la crisis que ha sufrido el Euro durante los años de la crisis financiera y, en particular, anticipó con mucho detalle la crisis bancaria en España. El siguiente extracto del citado artículo en el FT es suficientemente revelador de la capacidad del profesor De Grauwe para vislumbrar los problemas que estaban por venir para nuestro país: “Supongamos que un país, que arbitrariamente llamaremos España, experimenta un auge que es más fuerte que en el resto de la zona del euro. Como resultado del auge, la producción y los precios crecen más rápidamente en España que en los otros países del euro. Esto también conduce a un boom inmobiliario y a una inflación de los activos en general en España. Dado que el Banco Central Europeo analiza los datos en toda la zona, no puede hacer nada para frenar las condiciones en auge en España. De hecho, la existencia de una unión monetaria es probable que intensifique la inflación de los activos en España. Sin obstáculos por riesgo de cambio, el capital es atraído del resto de la zona del euro. Los bancos españoles que siguen dominando el mercado español, se suman al juego y aumentan sus préstamos. Se dejan llevar por las altas tasas de rentabilidad producidas por los cada vez mayores precios de los activos españoles, y por el hecho de que en una unión monetaria, pueden conseguir fondos a los mismos tipos de interés que los bancos en Alemania, Francia, etc. Después del boom llega el colapso. Colapsa el precio de los activos, creando una crisis en el sistema bancario español.”…. Lo cierto es que, si se hubieran tomado las medidas oportunas para prevenir los resultados que anticipaba el profesor De Grauwe, se habrían evitado muchos de los costes económicos y sociales que causó la crisis bancaria en España y el rescate financiero que la misma requirió. El profesor De Grauwe cuenta con numerosos escritos sobre las finanzas internacionales y sobre el trayecto que ha seguido la unificación monetaria europea desde sus comienzos. Desde finales de los años noventa del siglo pasado, se ha volcado en analizar la estrategia que debería adoptarse para fortalecer la Unión Económica y Monetaria y para solventar las tensiones que periódicamente surgen entre las tesis de los países del núcleo, particularmente Alemania, y los de la periferia. Estamos en unos años cruciales para diseñar mecanismos que salvaguarden y fortalezcan los lazos entre los países miembros de la UEM y, en este aspecto, las aportaciones del profesor Paul De Grauwe, son de gran valía. El profesor De Grauwe, mantiene lazos con la Universidad de Murcia desde principios de los años 1990, principalmente a través de los contactos del catedrático de la Facultad de Economía y Empresa José García Solanes. En 1994, José García Solanes y la catedrática Arielle Beyaert realizaron una estancia de seis meses en la universidad de Leuven invitados por el profesor Paul De Grauwe y tuvieron la ocasión de colaborar con él. Posteriormente, el profesor De Grauwe ha venido a la Facultad de Economía y Empresa en cuatro ocasiones para ofrecer conferencias y/o participar en congresos y workshops organizados por José García Solanes y el departamento de Fundamentos del Análisis Económico de la Universidad de Murcia. El profesor De Grauwe ha manifestado su excelente disposición para recibir investigadores de nuestra Facultad en su Departamento de la London School of Economics. Resulta claro que Paul De Grauwe es un profesor e investigador esencial para fortalecer los lazos internacionales de la EIDUM y, en particular, el programa de economía interuniversitario, DEcIDE, que coordina nuestra Universidad. Por todo ello, la incorporación del profesor Paul De Grauwe como doctor honoris causa de la Universidad de Murcia honraría y daría prestigio internacional no solo a la Universidad de Murcia sino también a nuestro país. .
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