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Upsc-Cse Mains 2018-19 Select Social Political Issues for Essay & Social Issues UPSC-CSE MAINS 2018-19 SELECT SOCIAL_POLITICAL ISSUES FOR ESSAY & SOCIAL ISSUES www.triumphias.com 7840888102 www.facebook/triumphias 7678628820 * [email protected] 23-B, 3rd Floor Pusa Road, Metro Pillor No. 115, Old Rajender Nagar, New Delhi-110060 8586861046 Table of Contents Issues Regarding Special Category Status Regarding Entry of Women into Religious Shrines Regarding Office of Profit Regarding Paid News Regarding NEET Regarding Anti-Defection Law Regarding National Register of Citizens Regarding VIP Culture in India Regarding Poor Implementation of Schemes in India Regarding Parliamentary Privileges Regarding Politicisation Of Governor’s Post Regarding Lobbying in India Regarding Corporate Funding to Political Parties Regarding Distribution of Freebies Demand for Smaller States in India Plea for Prohibiting Candidates from Contesting More Than One Constituency Issues Surrounding the Right to Information Bill 2018 23-B, 3rd Floor Pusa Road, Metro Pillor No. 115, Old Rajender Nagar, New Delhi-110060 www.triumphias.com ph. 7840888102, 9873957772, 8586861046 1 SELECT SOCIAL_POLITICAL ISSUES FOR ESSAY & SOCIAL ISSUES UPSC- CSE MAINS 2018 ISSUES REGARDING SPECIAL CATEGORY STATUS Introduction .The Constitution does not include any provision for categorization of any State in India as a Special Category Status (SCS) State. But, recognizing that some regions in the country were historically disadvantaged in contrast to others, Central plan assistance to SCS States has been granted in the past by the erstwhile Planning Commission body, National Development Council (NDC). .The NDC granted this status based on a number of features of the States which included: hilly and difficult terrain, low population density or the presence of sizeable tribal population, strategic location along international borders, economic and infrastructural backwardness and non-viable nature of State finances. .The NDC first accorded SCS in 1969 to Jammu and Kashmir, Assam and Nagaland. Over the years, eight more states were added to the list — Arunachal Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Sikkim, Tripura and, finally, in 2010, Uttarakhand. Until 2014-15, SCS meant these 11 states received a variety of benefits and sops. Assistance given to SCS states .The SCS States used to receive block grants based on the Gadgil-Mukherjee formula, which effectively allowed for nearly 30 per cent of the Total Central Assistance to be transferred to SCS States as late as 2009-10. .Following the constitution of the NITI Aayog (after the dissolution of the Planning Commission) and the recommendations of the Fourteenth Finance Commission (FFC), Central plan assistance to SCS States has been subsumed in an increased devolution of the divisible pool to all States (from 32% in the 13th FC recommendations to 42%) and do not any longer appear in plan expenditure. .The FFC also recommended variables such as “forest cover” to be included in devolution, with a weightage of 7.5 in the criteria and which could benefit north-eastern States that were previously given SCS assistance. Besides, assistance to Centrally Sponsored Schemes for SCS States was given with 90% Central share and 10% State share. 23-B, 3rd Floor Pusa Road, Metro Pillor No. 115, Old Rajender Nagar, New Delhi-110060 www.triumphias.com ph. 7840888102, 9873957772, 8586861046 2 States seeking SCS status .Apart from Andhra Pradesh which is in the news lately, Bihar and Odisha had recently demanded SCS status but they have not been granted the same as they did not meet the criteria. Basis of Andhra Pradesh’s claim for SCS status .Following the bifurcation of A.P., Andhra lost a large volume of its revenue due to Hyderabad remaining the capital of Telangana. .In a debate in the Rajya Sabha on the A.P. Reorganization Act on February 20, 2014, then Prime Minister Manmohan Singh had said that SCS would be “extended to the Successor State of Andhra Pradesh ... for a period of five years.” .This oral submission by the then PM has been the basis for A.P.’s claim to the status. Centre’s response .In a reply to a TDP MP’s question in Parliament on this claim, then Minister of State for Finance Jayant Sinha had said in April 2016 that the Centre had no proposal to modify the criteria for SCS status. And that the increased devolution as recommended by the FFC (which included revenue deficit grants following the bifurcation) is already flowing to the State. .However, the Centre has agreed to give “special assistance” to AP for five years, which would make up for the additional central share the state might have received during these years — 2015-16 to 2019- 20, as envisaged by Singh’s 2014 statement. This will be in the form of Union funding for externally aided projects [EAPs] that have been signed and disbursed during these years. .AP is demanding that special assistance funding should be in the 90:10 ratio (Centre: state) for both EAPs and centrally-sponsored schemes — which adds up to about Rs 20,010 crore of central assistance. Because the state government may not be able to spend this amount on EAPs in the stipulated five years, AP is demanding that the Centre allow it to use the money to clear outstanding loans. It is seeking permission to borrow from internal lenders like NABARD, HUDCO and other commercial banks, and to use the gap to pay interest commitments to the Government of India, NABARD and EAPs. .The Centre is also willing to accept the state government’s suggestion of raising funds through NABARD. At meetings with the state government last month, the Centre suggested creation of a special purpose vehicle (SPV) where NABARD could give the money so as not to upset the fiscal deficit of the state, The Union Finance Minister said, adding that the Andhra Pradesh government is yet to come back on the modalities of this proposal. On meeting the revenue deficit of the state, Union Finance minister said, the Centre has already paid around Rs 4,000 crore and only Rs 138 crore remain. REGARDING ENTRY OF WOMEN INTO RELIGIOUS SHRINES .India is a country where the society is male dominated to a large extent and still today women are blamed, banned and restricted to have their basic fundamental right "Freedom". .Even though our country got freedom in 1947 the pre-independence culture is not completely washed- out from our democratic system. .Our culture that we worship mother, sister, Goddess Durga and her all other forms but out saintly divide our gods and their power with gender discrimination. No one is ready to take stand against such discrimination and dominance behaviour of the society. Unless we stop treating women as second grade citizens, India as a country will never grow and develop. Recent issues Most arguments against the entry of women in temples and other places of worship hinge on issues of celibacy and menstruation. Some of the recent issues related to this are as follows 23-B, 3rd Floor Pusa Road, Metro Pillor No. 115, Old Rajender Nagar, New Delhi-110060 www.triumphias.com ph. 7840888102, 9873957772, 8586861046 3 .Sabarimala Temple Issue o Kerala’s Sabarimala temple in south-central Pathanamthitta district is a famous hill-shrine that doesn’t traditionally permit the entry of women of menstruating age. The reason being the deity, Lord Ayyappa, is believed to be a Naishtika Brahmachari who follows a celibate life. o In the past three decades, this custom has evoked random resistance and protest from various segments of society and triggered a long legal wrangle. o In the recent hearing, the Supreme Court said women have the constitutional right to enter Sabarimala temple in Kerala and pray like men without being discriminated against. .Haji Ali Dargah Issue o The Haji Ali Dargah is governed by the Haji Ali Dargah Trust which is a public charitable trust registered under the Maharashtra Public Trust Act. The trustees of the Dargah had decided to deny women access to the grave in 2011, calling the practice un-Islamic. o It had stated that it was rectifying its earlier mistake of allowing women to touch the actual grave. o Recently, the court pitched in favour of Bharatiya Muslim Mahila Andolan (BMMA), ruling Haji Ali shine's trust to allow women to enter shrine's mazaar. .Shani Shingnapur temple o Shani Dev is one of the Navgraha devtas for Hindu people. The Shani temples are considered as a home without doors that has no restrictions for his followers and visitors to his temple. o While Shani Dev is worshipped on Saturdays with mustard oil, there is a distinct legend that suggests that only men are allowed to put oil on Shani Dev in the temples.The oil can be put only by men as the effect of Shani Dev’s wrath is considered to be less on women. o It is believed that since women are not affected by Shani Dev’s effect, they need not get close to the Shani idols to pour oil. It may expose them to the bad effects of Shani Devtas. o After HC directive in 2016, Shani Shingnapur trustees lifted ban on woman from entering the sanctum sanctorum and allowed performance of pooja by them. Constitutional provisions related to the issue .Constitution guarantees equality under Article 14 and provides against discrimination on the basis of sex by the State under Article 15 .Interesting to note that ‘Place of worship’ is not included under Article 15. But that it at the time of independence almost 70 years ago. .Article 25 provides for freedom of religion to all citizens and Article 25(2)(b) allows for state interference for throwing open Hindu temples to all classes and sections. Though historically this was keeping in mind the ‘untouchables’, women can also be considered as a class.
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